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与元气的生成密切相关的脏腑是
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哮病的病变脏腑是
病位在肺，与脾、肾、肝密切相关
病位在气道，与肺、脾、肾、肝密切相关
病位在气道，与肺、脾、肾密切相关
病位在肺，与脾、肾、肝、心密切相关
病位在肺，与脾、肾密切相关
下列各组脏腑中与血液生成和运行密切相关的是
心肺
心脾
心肝
肝脾
与气生成密切相关的脏腑是
心
肝
胃
脾
肺
与元气的生成密切相关的脏腑有
肺
肾
脾
胃
人体之气的生成充足与哪些脏腑的生理功能密切相关
心
脾
肺
肾
与气生成密切相关的脏腑是
心
肝
小肠
脾
肺
气的生成与哪些脏腑的功能密切相关
脾
肺
肝
肾
心
与人体生长发育密切相关的气是
宗气
营气
元气
卫气
脏腑之气
在津液的生成中最为密切相关的脏腑是
脾胃
肠胃
脾肺
脾肾
与气生成密切相关的脏腑是
心
肝
胃
脾
肺
与气的生成密切相关的脏腑是
脾
胃
肺
肾
在津液的生成中最为密切相关的脏腑是
脾肺
脾胃
脾肾
三焦
哮病的病变脏腑是
病位在肺，与脾、肾密切相关
病位在肺，与脾、肾、肝密切相关
病位在肺，与脾、肾、肝、心密切相关
病位在气道．与肺、脾、肾密切相关
病位在气道，与肺、脾、肾、肝密切相关
与宗气生成密切相关的脏腑是
心、肺
心、肝
肺、脾
肝、肺
脾、肾
哮病的病变脏腑是
病位在肺，与脾、肾密切相关
病位在肺，与脾、肾、肝密切相关
病位在肺，与脾、肾、肝、心密切相关
病位在气道，与肺、脾、肾密切相关
病位在气道，与肺、脾、肾、肝密切相关
血液生成密切相关的脏腑是哪些?
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Thepeoplewhoanswerthephonegetanendlessstreamofcallsfrompeoplewhoareextremelyupsetthattheirelectricitygotturnedoffjustbecausetheyfailedtopaytheirbillfor297monthsorpeopleaskingquestionslike"IsitOKtooperateanelectricappliancewhiletakingabath" Solet’ssaythatyouhaveagenuineproblemwithyourelectricbill.Thepeoplein"CustomerService"havenowayofknowingthatyou’reanintelligentrationalperson.They’regoingtolumpyouinwiththeusualnot-so-brightpublic.Asfarasthey’reconcernedtherelevantfactsinanydisputebetweenyouandthemarethese: 1.Theyhaveabunchofelectricity. 2.Youneedit. 3.Soshutup. Thisiswhymoreandmorethepeoplein"CustomerService"won’teventalktoyou.TheyprefertoletyoutalktotheconvenientAutomaticPhoneAnsweringSystemuntilsuchatimeasyoudieofoldage"...IfyourFIRSTnamehasmorethaneightlettersandyourLASTnamebeginswith’H’through’L’press251NOW.IfyourfirstnamehasLESSthaneightlettersandyourlastnamecontainsatleasttwo’E’spress252NOW.Ifyour..." SoisthereanywaythatyouthelowlyconsumercangaintheseriousattentionofalargeandpowerfulbusinessIampleasedtoreportthatthereISawaywhichIfoundoutaboutthankstoanalertreaderwhosentmeanewsreportfromRussia.AccordingtothisreportaRussianelectriccompanygotintoadisputewithacustomerandcutoffthecustomer’selectricity.ThiscustomerhoweverhappenedtobeaunitoftheRussianArmy.Sothecommanderorderedatanktodriveovertotheelectriccompany’sofficeandaimitsgunatthewindows.Theelectricitywasturnedrightbackon. OnbehalfofconsumerseverywhereIwanttokissthismilitarycommanderonthelips.ImeanwhataGREATconcept.Imagineasaconsumerhowmuchmoreseriouslyyourcomplaintwouldhetakenifyouwerecomplainingfrominsideavehiclecapableofreducingtheentire"CustomerService"departmenttotinysmokingpieces.WhatIamsayingis:ForgettheAutomatedPhoneAnsweringSystem.Getatank. Perhapsyouarethinking:"Butatankcostsseveralmilliondollarsnotincludingfloormats.Idon’thavethatkindofmoney." Don’tbesilly.You’reaconsumerrightYouhavecreditcardsright Perhapsyouarethinking:"YesbuthowamIgoingtopaythecredit-cardcompany" Don’tbesilly.Youhaveatankright IfMr.HuntingtonSweetwantstoinquireaboutsomethingfromCustomerServiceheshouldpress
Tounderstandtheroughly100000genesinthehumangenomeresearcherssaytheymustinvestigateanevenmorecomplicatedsetofmolecules-proteins.Genesaretheblueprintsformakingproteinsandthe"sequence"ofagene—itsstructuralpattern—determinesthekindofproteinitmakes.Someproteinsbecomebuildingblocksforstructuralpartsofthecell.Otherproteinsbecomemolecular"machines"enzymeshormonesantibodiesthatcarryoutthemyriadactivitiesnecessarytokeepthecellandthebodyworkingproperly. Withanunderstandingofhumanproteinsortheproteomescientistswillbeabletofightdiseaseonmanyfronts.ForexamplescientistsattheCenterforProteomeAnalysisinOdenseDenmarkhaveisolatedaproteingalectinthatmayfightdiabetes.Diabetesseemstobecausedwheninsulin-producingcellsinthepancreasareinadvertentlykilledbythebody’simmunesystem. TheDanishscientistsspentyearsanalyzingtheproteinspresentindiabetes-proneanddiabetes-resistantcellsandtheytentativelyconcludedthatgalectinprotectsdiabetes-pronecellsfrombeingattackedbytheimmunesystem.Preliminaryanimaltestsinwhichthegalectingenehasbeeninsertedintodiabetes-pronecellsseemtoconfirmthehypothesis. EffectivecancerdrugsmayalsoarisefromadeeperunderstandingofgenesandproteinssaysKenCarterpresidentofTherapeuticGenomicsoneofthemanybiotechcompaniesworkingtodevisenewdrugsbasedongeneticknowledge.Soonscientistswillbeabletoquicklyandaccuratelycomparecancertissuewithnormaltissuetoseewhichgenesare"switchedon"andmakingproteinsandwhichgenesarenothesays. "Ifyoufoundagenethatwashighlyexpressedinprostatecancercellsbutnotothertissuesyoucoulddeducethatgenewasinvolvedinprostatecancer"accordingtoCarter."Wewouldtrytodevelopinthelabawaytoblocktheexpressionofthatgene."Onepossibilitywouldbea"smallmolecule"drugthatwouldattachtoandinactivatethatgene’sprotein. Finallydrugsthemselveswilllikelybecomesaferandmoreeffectivebecausetheywillbetailoredtoanindividual’sgeneticabilitytoprocessmedicinespredictsRobertWaterstondirectoroftheHumanGenomeProjectsequencingcenteratWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis. Inthefutureabloodtestcouldshowhowmuchofaparticulardrug-processingenzymeapersonhasWaterstonexplains.Thedoctorwouldthenadjustthedoseaccordinglyorprescribeadrugcustomdesignedforthatperson’sgeneticmakeup.Thisnewfieldcalledpharmacogenomicsshouldeliminatemanyofthedrugsideeffectsthatresultfromourcurrentcrudermethodsofdeterminingdosage. Accordingtothetextthefunctionofgenesis
Tounderstandtheroughly100000genesinthehumangenomeresearcherssaytheymustinvestigateanevenmorecomplicatedsetofmolecules-proteins.Genesaretheblueprintsformakingproteinsandthe"sequence"ofagene—itsstructuralpattern—determinesthekindofproteinitmakes.Someproteinsbecomebuildingblocksforstructuralpartsofthecell.Otherproteinsbecomemolecular"machines"enzymeshormonesantibodiesthatcarryoutthemyriadactivitiesnecessarytokeepthecellandthebodyworkingproperly. Withanunderstandingofhumanproteinsortheproteomescientistswillbeabletofightdiseaseonmanyfronts.ForexamplescientistsattheCenterforProteomeAnalysisinOdenseDenmarkhaveisolatedaproteingalectinthatmayfightdiabetes.Diabetesseemstobecausedwheninsulin-producingcellsinthepancreasareinadvertentlykilledbythebody’simmunesystem. TheDanishscientistsspentyearsanalyzingtheproteinspresentindiabetes-proneanddiabetes-resistantcellsandtheytentativelyconcludedthatgalectinprotectsdiabetes-pronecellsfrombeingattackedbytheimmunesystem.Preliminaryanimaltestsinwhichthegalectingenehasbeeninsertedintodiabetes-pronecellsseemtoconfirmthehypothesis. EffectivecancerdrugsmayalsoarisefromadeeperunderstandingofgenesandproteinssaysKenCarterpresidentofTherapeuticGenomicsoneofthemanybiotechcompaniesworkingtodevisenewdrugsbasedongeneticknowledge.Soonscientistswillbeabletoquicklyandaccuratelycomparecancertissuewithnormaltissuetoseewhichgenesare"switchedon"andmakingproteinsandwhichgenesarenothesays. "Ifyoufoundagenethatwashighlyexpressedinprostatecancercellsbutnotothertissuesyoucoulddeducethatgenewasinvolvedinprostatecancer"accordingtoCarter."Wewouldtrytodevelopinthelabawaytoblocktheexpressionofthatgene."Onepossibilitywouldbea"smallmolecule"drugthatwouldattachtoandinactivatethatgene’sprotein. Finallydrugsthemselveswilllikelybecomesaferandmoreeffectivebecausetheywillbetailoredtoanindividual’sgeneticabilitytoprocessmedicinespredictsRobertWaterstondirectoroftheHumanGenomeProjectsequencingcenteratWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis. Inthefutureabloodtestcouldshowhowmuchofaparticulardrug-processingenzymeapersonhasWaterstonexplains.Thedoctorwouldthenadjustthedoseaccordinglyorprescribeadrugcustomdesignedforthatperson’sgeneticmakeup.Thisnewfieldcalledpharmacogenomicsshouldeliminatemanyofthedrugsideeffectsthatresultfromourcurrentcrudermethodsofdeterminingdosage. Judgingfromitsformationthewordpharmacogenomicsprobablyrefersto
形化气化以及形气之间的相互转化属于气的
与汗液的排泄关系最密切的是
下列各项对血液循行具有推动作用的是
Directions:SupposeyouareabusinessmantakingflightCA983fromBeijingtoLosAngeles.Unfortunatelyyoulostyourhandbagonboardwhenyougotofftheplane.Writealettertothepeopleconcernedforhelp.Yourlettershouldinclude: 1thetimeandplacetheeventoccurred; 2thedetailofyourhandbag; 3yourgratitude. YoushouldwritelO0wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheemioftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead.Youdonotneedtowriteyouraddress.
下列各项属于营卫之气的共同点为
WhenIwas13mymotherdied.ThroughmyownsorrowIwasawareofthegreatlossthiswastoPop.Buthemadeonlyonereferencetohisownmisery.Hesaid"Tobehappyeverydayistobenothappyatall."Hewassayingtohissonsthathappinessisnotastateyouachieveandkeepbutsomethingthatmustbewonoverandovernomatterwhatthedefeatsandlosses. LaterthatyearIgotajobasanentertainerinsmallclubsandsuddenlyIknewthiswasthecareerIhadbeensearchingfor.TheworldofthetheaterwasfarremovedfromtheworldofmyfatheryetIfoundmyselfreturningtohimtimeandagainforthesamereasonhisfriendsdid. WhenIwas20Igotwhateveryactordreamsof—apermanentjob!AtthattimeatthedepthofthedepressionactorswereoutofworkbythehundredsyetIwantedtoquitthatjobbecauseIneedednewexperiencesandchallenges. Popheardmeoutthensaid"Therearesomepeoplewhoalwayshavetotestthemselvestostretchtheirwingsandtrynewwinds.Ifyouthinkyoucanfindmorehappinessandusefulnessthiswaythenyoushoulddoit."ThisadvicecamefromamanwhoneverleftasecurejobinhislifewhohadtheEuropeantraditionoffamilyresponsibilitybutwhoknewIwasdifferent.HeunderstoodwhatIneededtodoandhehelpedmedoit. ForthenextfewyearsIworkedinclubsandthenIgotmybigbreakappearinginamajormovie.AfterthatIwenttoHollywoodandfromthenonPoplivedwithmeandmyfamilythere.Wehadabigpartyoneevening.ThatnightIthoughtPopmightenjoyhearingsomeoftheoldfolksongsweusedtosingathome.WhenIbegantosingthemusicandthememoriesweretoomuchforhimtoresistandhecameovertojoinme.Ifadedawayandhewasinthemiddleoftheroomsingingalone—inacleartruevoice.Hesangfor15minutesbeforesomeoftheworld’shighest-paidstars.ThissimplekindlyoldmansingingofourEuropeanrootshadtouchedsomethingdeepinthesesophisticatedpeople.Whenhefinishedtherewasoverwhelmingapplause. Iknewtheapplausethatnightwasnotjustforaperformance;itwasforaman. Judgingfromthecontexttheauthor’scareerismostprobably
JohnWinstonLennonwasbornintoaworldatwarwithitself—aperfectsymboloftheinternalcontradictionsthatdefinedhislifeandmusic.Germanaircraftweredroppingbombsonhiscityattheverymomentofhisarrival. 41____________.LennonalsohadapowerfulattachmenttohismotherJuliathatlingeredlongaftershediedin1958;theclassic1968albumTheBeatlesknownasthe"WhiteAlbum"foritswhitealbumlinerincludedhissong"Julia"—anexquisiteexpressionofrawsorrow.WhenheandMcCartneyfirstmetonJuly6th1957—atachurchpicnicwhereLennon’sbandwasastarattraction—Lennonwasbuddingintoafusionofboldattitudekeenwitandhonestcharm.TheBeatlesgavehimtheroomtobloom. 42____________. Inafewwaysthecurrentboy-bandphenomenonissimplytheBeatleswithamoderntwist:hugerecordsalesadoringyoungwomenqueueduponthesidewalksoutsidetheirconcertsandthecircus-likeatmospheresurroundingtheireverymove.WithhissharphandsomefeaturesandanattractivewarmthcontrastedbyhisacidturnofphraseLennonevokedasmuchhystericalfemaledesireasanymemberoftheBackStreetBoysifnotallofthemputtogether.43____________. LennonandOnoskillfullyusedthedisbeliefandscornthatoftengreetedtheirprovocativeexploitstopromotetheirpeacecampaigns:demonstratingintheirbedclothesforanendtotheVietnamWarinthespringof1969andpayingforhuge"WARISOVER!"signsintwelvecitiesaroundtheworldthefollowingChristmas.44____________. ApeculiarironyofLennon’sstoryisthewaywetendtoworshiptheManandtheBeatleattheexpenseofthesoloartist.TobefrankLennonwasnotalwaysterrificonhisown.45____________. A.TodaythepopularityoftheBeatlesseemslikeadistantmiracleanancientexplosionofenergeticteenagejoy.Survivingfilmsandhistoricalaccountsonlyhintatthemagicofthetwoyears1963and1964inwhichtheBeatlesbroughtBritainandthenAmericahappilytotheirknees. B.TheBeatlesworesuitsandchattedcheerfullywithreportersinthatfirstcoupleofyears.Theyalsomovedquicklytoseizecontrol—oftheirmusictheircareersandtheirindividualdestinies. C.HisimageastheintellectualBeatle—theshybrilliantseekeroftruthwithastubbornstreakandasmartmouth—wasrootedinhisdaysasawould-beartstudentandteenagerebelwitharemarkableintellect.HefoundsubstitutefatherfiguresinAmericanrockmusicians. D.OnthefinaldayofhislifeLennongaveaninterviewtopromotewhatwouldbehisfinalalbum.Whenaskedabouthis1971singlerecording"PowertothePeople"Lennonsaidhenowbelievedthatpeopledohavethepower."Idon’tmeanthepowerofthegun"heexplained."Theyhavethepowertomakeandcreatethesocietytheywant." E.ThecoupleplantedtreesforpeaceatCoventryCathedralinEnglandandinearly1970cuttheirhairforpeace.InopenlycourtingpublicscornLennonandOnoengineeredavitalpublicdebateaboutpeaceandloveasrealisticgoalsnotjustnaivenonsense. F.Thekeylineinthose"WARISOVER!"signswasinthesmalltypenearthebottom:IFYOUWANTIT.WhenJohnLennondiedheleftuswithauniquebodyofworkandthemostvaluablelessonrock&rollhastooffer:anythingispossible—ifyouwantit. G.HeneverdidbetterthantheintensityandhowlofhisJohnLennon/PlasticOnoBandalbumbutthereismuchinLennon’spost-Beatlemusictobeappreciated.Recordedduringhisso-calledlostweekend—aperiodofseparationfromOno—the1974albumWallsandBridgesisastrikingtestimonytothewretcheddesperationhefelt. 43
Scienceisawayofthinkingmuchmorethanitisabodyofknowledge.46Itsgoalistofindouthowtheworldworkstoseekwhatregularitiestheremaybetopenetratetotheconnectionsofthings—fromsubnuclearparticleswhichmaybetheconstituentsofallmattertolivingorganismsthehumansocialcommunityandhencetothecosmosasawhole.Ourintuitionisbynomeansaninfallibleguide.Ourperceptionsmaybedistortedbytrainingandprejudiceormerelybecauseofthelimitationsofthephenomenaoftheworld.47EvensostraightforwardaquestionaswhetherintheabsenceoffrictionapoundofleadfallsfasterthanagramoffluffwasansweredincorrectlybyAristotleandalmosteveryoneelsebeforethetimeofGalileo.Scienceisbasedonexperimentonawillingnesstochallengeolddogmaonanopennesstoseetheuniverseasitreallyis.Accordinglysciencesometimesrequirescourage—attheveryleastthecouragetoquestiontheconventionalwisdom. 48Beyondthisthemaintrickofscienceistoreallythinkofsomething:theshapeofcloudsandtheiroccasionalsharpbottomedgesatthesamealtitudeeverywhereinthesky;theformationofadewdroponaleaf;theoriginofanameoraword;thereasonforhumansocialcustoms—theincesttabooforexample;howitisthatalensinsunlightcanmakepaperburn;howa"walkingstick"gottolooksomuchlikeatwig;whytheMoonseemstofollowusaswewalk;whatpreventsusfromdiggingaholedowntothecenteroftheEarth;whatthedefinitionisof"down"onasphericalearth;howitispossibleforthebodytoconvertyesterday’slunchintotoday’smuscleandsinew;orhowfarisup—doestheuniversegoonforeverorifitdoesnotisthereanymeaningtothequestionofwhatliesontheothersideSomeofthesequestionsareprettyeasy.Othersespeciallythelastaremysteriestowhichnooneeventodayknowstheanswer.Theyarenaturalquestionstoask.49Everyculturehasposedsuchquestionsinonewayoranotherandalmostalwaystheproposedanswersareinthenatureof"JustSoStories"attemptedexplanationsdivorcedfromexperimentorevenfromcarefulcomparativeobservations. Butthescientificcastofmindexaminestheworldcriticallyasifmanyalternativeworldsmightexistasifotherthingsmightbeherewhicharenot.Thenweareforcedtoaskwhywhatweseeispresentandnotsomethingelse.WhyaretheSunandtheMoonandtheplanetsspheresWhynotpyramidsorcubesordodecahedraWhynotirregularjumblyshapesWhysosymmetricalworlds50Ifyouspendanytimespinninghypothesescheckingtoseewhethertheymakesensewhethertheyconformtowhatelseweknowthinkingoftestsyoucanposetosubstantiateordeflateyourhypothesesyouwillfindyourselfdoingscience.Andasyoucometopracticethishabitofthoughtmoreandmoreyouwillgetbetterandbetteratit. EveryculturehasposedsuchquestionsinonewayoranotherandalmostalwaystheproposedanswersareinthenatureofJustSoStoriesattemptedexplanationsdivorcedfromexperimentorevenfromcarefulcomparativeobservations.
积聚于胸中贯注于心肺之脉注入气街而下行于足的气是
Asimplepairofpantsmaycontainamultitudeofmeanings.Inthe1850sjeansweretheunemotionaldurabledressofthosethatcametoCaliforniatolaborinthegoldfields.Seamswerestrengthenedwithmetalpinstomakethemholdatechnologyborrowedfromtheconstructionofhorseblankets.Clothforbeastsofburdenwastranslatedtotheneedsofmenofburden.Theseweretheclothesofhard-laboringpeopleandthesepantsheldlittlepromiseforthemenwhoworethemsavethepromisethattheywouldbereadyforthenextday’slabors. DuringthesamedecadeinthecourtofoneEuropeanqueen"thegownwornbyafashionableladyinattendancecontained1100yardsofmaterialnotincludinglaceandotherornaments."Americanwomenofwealthwerealsowrappedinanabundanceofcloth.Whilemakersofjeansworriedoverhowmanymencouldbefittedintoagivenamountofclothforwomenofwealththeconcernwaswithhowmanyyardsofclothcouldbeattractivelyarrangeduponagivenindividual.Thiswasthemarkofprosperity:towearenoughmaterialonone’sbacktoclothemanyofmoremodestmeans. Thefashionablerichcouldnotimaginethemselveswearingthevulgarcanvaspantsofworkersand"peasants".Neithercouldworking-classpeoplereasonablyimaginethemselvesinthecostumesofwealthandpower.Tileonlyfashionlinkbetweenthem—subtleatbest—wasthesterntophatofwealthycapitalistsacoal-blackcylindersymbolizingthefactorychimneypipesthatbroughtprofittoonehardshiptotheother.Bluejeansonlysignifiedlaborandsweat. Yearslatertheclothingofnineteenth-centurylaborerswouldassumenewanddifferentmeanings.Humblebeginningsbecameincreasinglyobscurewithintheunfoldingofpopularculture.InthemoviesthehorseridersoftheearlycattleindustrywererebornassymbolsofanobleruralsimplicityandbluejeansbecameconspicuouswithinthelandscapeoftheAmericanmedia.Onthescreenthesepantsteasedtheimaginationsofcityfolkwholongedforasimplerandlesscorruptlife.Whilelaborerswouldcontinuetowearthematworknowthewell-offmightputonapairathomeorinthegarden—anescapefromthedisciplineofthebusinessworld. Inthe1950sbluejeansbecameastatementbythosewhowishedtoboycottthevaluesofaconsumer-basedsocietythatwasconcernedonlywithacquisition.Blue-jeans-wearingrebelsofpopularmovieswereanexpressionofcontempttowardstheemptyandobedientsilenceofCold-WarAmerica;thepositiveimagesofAmericanconsumersocietywereundersiege.WhathadbeenapieceoftraditionalAmericanculture—bluejeans—becamearejectionoftraditionalculture. WhichofthefollowingmaybeTRUEforawoman’sfashioninthe1850s
下列各项其性质稠厚流动性小的是
与邪交争驱邪外出属于气的
JohnWinstonLennonwasbornintoaworldatwarwithitself—aperfectsymboloftheinternalcontradictionsthatdefinedhislifeandmusic.Germanaircraftweredroppingbombsonhiscityattheverymomentofhisarrival. 41____________.LennonalsohadapowerfulattachmenttohismotherJuliathatlingeredlongaftershediedin1958;theclassic1968albumTheBeatlesknownasthe"WhiteAlbum"foritswhitealbumlinerincludedhissong"Julia"—anexquisiteexpressionofrawsorrow.WhenheandMcCartneyfirstmetonJuly6th1957—atachurchpicnicwhereLennon’sbandwasastarattraction—Lennonwasbuddingintoafusionofboldattitudekeenwitandhonestcharm.TheBeatlesgavehimtheroomtobloom. 42____________. Inafewwaysthecurrentboy-bandphenomenonissimplytheBeatleswithamoderntwist:hugerecordsalesadoringyoungwomenqueueduponthesidewalksoutsidetheirconcertsandthecircus-likeatmospheresurroundingtheireverymove.WithhissharphandsomefeaturesandanattractivewarmthcontrastedbyhisacidturnofphraseLennonevokedasmuchhystericalfemaledesireasanymemberoftheBackStreetBoysifnotallofthemputtogether.43____________. LennonandOnoskillfullyusedthedisbeliefandscornthatoftengreetedtheirprovocativeexploitstopromotetheirpeacecampaigns:demonstratingintheirbedclothesforanendtotheVietnamWarinthespringof1969andpayingforhuge"WARISOVER!"signsintwelvecitiesaroundtheworldthefollowingChristmas.44____________. ApeculiarironyofLennon’sstoryisthewaywetendtoworshiptheManandtheBeatleattheexpenseofthesoloartist.TobefrankLennonwasnotalwaysterrificonhisown.45____________. A.TodaythepopularityoftheBeatlesseemslikeadistantmiracleanancientexplosionofenergeticteenagejoy.Survivingfilmsandhistoricalaccountsonlyhintatthemagicofthetwoyears1963and1964inwhichtheBeatlesbroughtBritainandthenAmericahappilytotheirknees. B.TheBeatlesworesuitsandchattedcheerfullywithreportersinthatfirstcoupleofyears.Theyalsomovedquicklytoseizecontrol—oftheirmusictheircareersandtheirindividualdestinies. C.HisimageastheintellectualBeatle—theshybrilliantseekeroftruthwithastubbornstreakandasmartmouth—wasrootedinhisdaysasawould-beartstudentandteenagerebelwitharemarkableintellect.HefoundsubstitutefatherfiguresinAmericanrockmusicians. D.OnthefinaldayofhislifeLennongaveaninterviewtopromotewhatwouldbehisfinalalbum.Whenaskedabouthis1971singlerecording"PowertothePeople"Lennonsaidhenowbelievedthatpeopledohavethepower."Idon’tmeanthepowerofthegun"heexplained."Theyhavethepowertomakeandcreatethesocietytheywant." E.ThecoupleplantedtreesforpeaceatCoventryCathedralinEnglandandinearly1970cuttheirhairforpeace.InopenlycourtingpublicscornLennonandOnoengineeredavitalpublicdebateaboutpeaceandloveasrealisticgoalsnotjustnaivenonsense. F.Thekeylineinthose"WARISOVER!"signswasinthesmalltypenearthebottom:IFYOUWANTIT.WhenJohnLennondiedheleftuswithauniquebodyofworkandthemostvaluablelessonrock&rollhastooffer:anythingispossible—ifyouwantit. G.HeneverdidbetterthantheintensityandhowlofhisJohnLennon/PlasticOnoBandalbumbutthereismuchinLennon’spost-Beatlemusictobeappreciated.Recordedduringhisso-calledlostweekend—aperiodofseparationfromOno—the1974albumWallsandBridgesisastrikingtestimonytothewretcheddesperationhefelt. 41
Scienceisawayofthinkingmuchmorethanitisabodyofknowledge.46Itsgoalistofindouthowtheworldworkstoseekwhatregularitiestheremaybetopenetratetotheconnectionsofthings—fromsubnuclearparticleswhichmaybetheconstituentsofallmattertolivingorganismsthehumansocialcommunityandhencetothecosmosasawhole.Ourintuitionisbynomeansaninfallibleguide.Ourperceptionsmaybedistortedbytrainingandprejudiceormerelybecauseofthelimitationsofthephenomenaoftheworld.47EvensostraightforwardaquestionaswhetherintheabsenceoffrictionapoundofleadfallsfasterthanagramoffluffwasansweredincorrectlybyAristotleandalmosteveryoneelsebeforethetimeofGalileo.Scienceisbasedonexperimentonawillingnesstochallengeolddogmaonanopennesstoseetheuniverseasitreallyis.Accordinglysciencesometimesrequirescourage—attheveryleastthecouragetoquestiontheconventionalwisdom. 48Beyondthisthemaintrickofscienceistoreallythinkofsomething:theshapeofcloudsandtheiroccasionalsharpbottomedgesatthesamealtitudeeverywhereinthesky;theformationofadewdroponaleaf;theoriginofanameoraword;thereasonforhumansocialcustoms—theincesttabooforexample;howitisthatalensinsunlightcanmakepaperburn;howa"walkingstick"gottolooksomuchlikeatwig;whytheMoonseemstofollowusaswewalk;whatpreventsusfromdiggingaholedowntothecenteroftheEarth;whatthedefinitionisof"down"onasphericalearth;howitispossibleforthebodytoconvertyesterday’slunchintotoday’smuscleandsinew;orhowfarisup—doestheuniversegoonforeverorifitdoesnotisthereanymeaningtothequestionofwhatliesontheothersideSomeofthesequestionsareprettyeasy.Othersespeciallythelastaremysteriestowhichnooneeventodayknowstheanswer.Theyarenaturalquestionstoask.49Everyculturehasposedsuchquestionsinonewayoranotherandalmostalwaystheproposedanswersareinthenatureof"JustSoStories"attemptedexplanationsdivorcedfromexperimentorevenfromcarefulcomparativeobservations. Butthescientificcastofmindexaminestheworldcriticallyasifmanyalternativeworldsmightexistasifotherthingsmightbeherewhicharenot.Thenweareforcedtoaskwhywhatweseeispresentandnotsomethingelse.WhyaretheSunandtheMoonandtheplanetsspheresWhynotpyramidsorcubesordodecahedraWhynotirregularjumblyshapesWhysosymmetricalworlds50Ifyouspendanytimespinninghypothesescheckingtoseewhethertheymakesensewhethertheyconformtowhatelseweknowthinkingoftestsyoucanposetosubstantiateordeflateyourhypothesesyouwillfindyourselfdoingscience.Andasyoucometopracticethishabitofthoughtmoreandmoreyouwillgetbetterandbetteratit. EvensostraightforwardaquestionaswhetherintheabsenceoffrictionapoundofleadfallsfasterthanagramoffluffwasansweredincorrectlybyAristotleandalmosteveryoneelsebeforethetimeofGalileo.
Asimplepairofpantsmaycontainamultitudeofmeanings.Inthe1850sjeansweretheunemotionaldurabledressofthosethatcametoCaliforniatolaborinthegoldfields.Seamswerestrengthenedwithmetalpinstomakethemholdatechnologyborrowedfromtheconstructionofhorseblankets.Clothforbeastsofburdenwastranslatedtotheneedsofmenofburden.Theseweretheclothesofhard-laboringpeopleandthesepantsheldlittlepromiseforthemenwhoworethemsavethepromisethattheywouldbereadyforthenextday’slabors. DuringthesamedecadeinthecourtofoneEuropeanqueen"thegownwornbyafashionableladyinattendancecontained1100yardsofmaterialnotincludinglaceandotherornaments."Americanwomenofwealthwerealsowrappedinanabundanceofcloth.Whilemakersofjeansworriedoverhowmanymencouldbefittedintoagivenamountofclothforwomenofwealththeconcernwaswithhowmanyyardsofclothcouldbeattractivelyarrangeduponagivenindividual.Thiswasthemarkofprosperity:towearenoughmaterialonone’sbacktoclothemanyofmoremodestmeans. Thefashionablerichcouldnotimaginethemselveswearingthevulgarcanvaspantsofworkersand"peasants".Neithercouldworking-classpeoplereasonablyimaginethemselvesinthecostumesofwealthandpower.Tileonlyfashionlinkbetweenthem—subtleatbest—wasthesterntophatofwealthycapitalistsacoal-blackcylindersymbolizingthefactorychimneypipesthatbroughtprofittoonehardshiptotheother.Bluejeansonlysignifiedlaborandsweat. Yearslatertheclothingofnineteenth-centurylaborerswouldassumenewanddifferentmeanings.Humblebeginningsbecameincreasinglyobscurewithintheunfoldingofpopularculture.InthemoviesthehorseridersoftheearlycattleindustrywererebornassymbolsofanobleruralsimplicityandbluejeansbecameconspicuouswithinthelandscapeoftheAmericanmedia.Onthescreenthesepantsteasedtheimaginationsofcityfolkwholongedforasimplerandlesscorruptlife.Whilelaborerswouldcontinuetowearthematworknowthewell-offmightputonapairathomeorinthegarden—anescapefromthedisciplineofthebusinessworld. Inthe1950sbluejeansbecameastatementbythosewhowishedtoboycottthevaluesofaconsumer-basedsocietythatwasconcernedonlywithacquisition.Blue-jeans-wearingrebelsofpopularmovieswereanexpressionofcontempttowardstheemptyandobedientsilenceofCold-WarAmerica;thepositiveimagesofAmericanconsumersocietywereundersiege.WhathadbeenapieceoftraditionalAmericanculture—bluejeans—becamearejectionoftraditionalculture. Accordingtothepassagethebluejeans’popularitywascausedby
Thepeoplewhoanswerthephonegetanendlessstreamofcallsfrompeoplewhoareextremelyupsetthattheirelectricitygotturnedoffjustbecausetheyfailedtopaytheirbillfor297monthsorpeopleaskingquestionslike"IsitOKtooperateanelectricappliancewhiletakingabath" Solet’ssaythatyouhaveagenuineproblemwithyourelectricbill.Thepeoplein"CustomerService"havenowayofknowingthatyou’reanintelligentrationalperson.They’regoingtolumpyouinwiththeusualnot-so-brightpublic.Asfarasthey’reconcernedtherelevantfactsinanydisputebetweenyouandthemarethese: 1.Theyhaveabunchofelectricity. 2.Youneedit. 3.Soshutup. Thisiswhymoreandmorethepeoplein"CustomerService"won’teventalktoyou.TheyprefertoletyoutalktotheconvenientAutomaticPhoneAnsweringSystemuntilsuchatimeasyoudieofoldage"...IfyourFIRSTnamehasmorethaneightlettersandyourLASTnamebeginswith’H’through’L’press251NOW.IfyourfirstnamehasLESSthaneightlettersandyourlastnamecontainsatleasttwo’E’spress252NOW.Ifyour..." SoisthereanywaythatyouthelowlyconsumercangaintheseriousattentionofalargeandpowerfulbusinessIampleasedtoreportthatthereISawaywhichIfoundoutaboutthankstoanalertreaderwhosentmeanewsreportfromRussia.AccordingtothisreportaRussianelectriccompanygotintoadisputewithacustomerandcutoffthecustomer’selectricity.ThiscustomerhoweverhappenedtobeaunitoftheRussianArmy.Sothecommanderorderedatanktodriveovertotheelectriccompany’sofficeandaimitsgunatthewindows.Theelectricitywasturnedrightbackon. OnbehalfofconsumerseverywhereIwanttokissthismilitarycommanderonthelips.ImeanwhataGREATconcept.Imagineasaconsumerhowmuchmoreseriouslyyourcomplaintwouldhetakenifyouwerecomplainingfrominsideavehiclecapableofreducingtheentire"CustomerService"departmenttotinysmokingpieces.WhatIamsayingis:ForgettheAutomatedPhoneAnsweringSystem.Getatank. Perhapsyouarethinking:"Butatankcostsseveralmilliondollarsnotincludingfloormats.Idon’thavethatkindofmoney." Don’tbesilly.You’reaconsumerrightYouhavecreditcardsright Perhapsyouarethinking:"YesbuthowamIgoingtopaythecredit-cardcompany" Don’tbesilly.Youhaveatankright Thetoneofthispassagemaybeconsideredas
五脏与五液的关系中肝之液为
治疗时常用于补血药中配以益气之品理论依据是
卫气的分布
行于脉中而具有营养作用的气是指
Thepeoplewhoanswerthephonegetanendlessstreamofcallsfrompeoplewhoareextremelyupsetthattheirelectricitygotturnedoffjustbecausetheyfailedtopaytheirbillfor297monthsorpeopleaskingquestionslike"IsitOKtooperateanelectricappliancewhiletakingabath" Solet’ssaythatyouhaveagenuineproblemwithyourelectricbill.Thepeoplein"CustomerService"havenowayofknowingthatyou’reanintelligentrationalperson.They’regoingtolumpyouinwiththeusualnot-so-brightpublic.Asfarasthey’reconcernedtherelevantfactsinanydisputebetweenyouandthemarethese: 1.Theyhaveabunchofelectricity. 2.Youneedit. 3.Soshutup. Thisiswhymoreandmorethepeoplein"CustomerService"won’teventalktoyou.TheyprefertoletyoutalktotheconvenientAutomaticPhoneAnsweringSystemuntilsuchatimeasyoudieofoldage"...IfyourFIRSTnamehasmorethaneightlettersandyourLASTnamebeginswith’H’through’L’press251NOW.IfyourfirstnamehasLESSthaneightlettersandyourlastnamecontainsatleasttwo’E’spress252NOW.Ifyour..." SoisthereanywaythatyouthelowlyconsumercangaintheseriousattentionofalargeandpowerfulbusinessIampleasedtoreportthatthereISawaywhichIfoundoutaboutthankstoanalertreaderwhosentmeanewsreportfromRussia.AccordingtothisreportaRussianelectriccompanygotintoadisputewithacustomerandcutoffthecustomer’selectricity.ThiscustomerhoweverhappenedtobeaunitoftheRussianArmy.Sothecommanderorderedatanktodriveovertotheelectriccompany’sofficeandaimitsgunatthewindows.Theelectricitywasturnedrightbackon. OnbehalfofconsumerseverywhereIwanttokissthismilitarycommanderonthelips.ImeanwhataGREATconcept.Imagineasaconsumerhowmuchmoreseriouslyyourcomplaintwouldhetakenifyouwerecomplainingfrominsideavehiclecapableofreducingtheentire"CustomerService"departmenttotinysmokingpieces.WhatIamsayingis:ForgettheAutomatedPhoneAnsweringSystem.Getatank. Perhapsyouarethinking:"Butatankcostsseveralmilliondollarsnotincludingfloormats.Idon’thavethatkindofmoney." Don’tbesilly.You’reaconsumerrightYouhavecreditcardsright Perhapsyouarethinking:"YesbuthowamIgoingtopaythecredit-cardcompany" Don’tbesilly.Youhaveatankright Fromthefirstparagraphwemayinferthat
WhenIwas13mymotherdied.ThroughmyownsorrowIwasawareofthegreatlossthiswastoPop.Buthemadeonlyonereferencetohisownmisery.Hesaid"Tobehappyeverydayistobenothappyatall."Hewassayingtohissonsthathappinessisnotastateyouachieveandkeepbutsomethingthatmustbewonoverandovernomatterwhatthedefeatsandlosses. LaterthatyearIgotajobasanentertainerinsmallclubsandsuddenlyIknewthiswasthecareerIhadbeensearchingfor.TheworldofthetheaterwasfarremovedfromtheworldofmyfatheryetIfoundmyselfreturningtohimtimeandagainforthesamereasonhisfriendsdid. WhenIwas20Igotwhateveryactordreamsof—apermanentjob!AtthattimeatthedepthofthedepressionactorswereoutofworkbythehundredsyetIwantedtoquitthatjobbecauseIneedednewexperiencesandchallenges. Popheardmeoutthensaid"Therearesomepeoplewhoalwayshavetotestthemselvestostretchtheirwingsandtrynewwinds.Ifyouthinkyoucanfindmorehappinessandusefulnessthiswaythenyoushoulddoit."ThisadvicecamefromamanwhoneverleftasecurejobinhislifewhohadtheEuropeantraditionoffamilyresponsibilitybutwhoknewIwasdifferent.HeunderstoodwhatIneededtodoandhehelpedmedoit. ForthenextfewyearsIworkedinclubsandthenIgotmybigbreakappearinginamajormovie.AfterthatIwenttoHollywoodandfromthenonPoplivedwithmeandmyfamilythere.Wehadabigpartyoneevening.ThatnightIthoughtPopmightenjoyhearingsomeoftheoldfolksongsweusedtosingathome.WhenIbegantosingthemusicandthememoriesweretoomuchforhimtoresistandhecameovertojoinme.Ifadedawayandhewasinthemiddleoftheroomsingingalone—inacleartruevoice.Hesangfor15minutesbeforesomeoftheworld’shighest-paidstars.ThissimplekindlyoldmansingingofourEuropeanrootshadtouchedsomethingdeepinthesesophisticatedpeople.Whenhefinishedtherewasoverwhelmingapplause. Iknewtheapplausethatnightwasnotjustforaperformance;itwasforaman. Thebigpartyoneeveningwasarrangedfor
下列各项行于脉中其性精纯柔和者为
推动人体生长发育及脏腑功能活动的气是
下列各项属于营气的生理功能为
Tounderstandtheroughly100000genesinthehumangenomeresearcherssaytheymustinvestigateanevenmorecomplicatedsetofmolecules-proteins.Genesaretheblueprintsformakingproteinsandthe"sequence"ofagene—itsstructuralpattern—determinesthekindofproteinitmakes.Someproteinsbecomebuildingblocksforstructuralpartsofthecell.Otherproteinsbecomemolecular"machines"enzymeshormonesantibodiesthatcarryoutthemyriadactivitiesnecessarytokeepthecellandthebodyworkingproperly. Withanunderstandingofhumanproteinsortheproteomescientistswillbeabletofightdiseaseonmanyfronts.ForexamplescientistsattheCenterforProteomeAnalysisinOdenseDenmarkhaveisolatedaproteingalectinthatmayfightdiabetes.Diabetesseemstobecausedwheninsulin-producingcellsinthepancreasareinadvertentlykilledbythebody’simmunesystem. TheDanishscientistsspentyearsanalyzingtheproteinspresentindiabetes-proneanddiabetes-resistantcellsandtheytentativelyconcludedthatgalectinprotectsdiabetes-pronecellsfrombeingattackedbytheimmunesystem.Preliminaryanimaltestsinwhichthegalectingenehasbeeninsertedintodiabetes-pronecellsseemtoconfirmthehypothesis. EffectivecancerdrugsmayalsoarisefromadeeperunderstandingofgenesandproteinssaysKenCarterpresidentofTherapeuticGenomicsoneofthemanybiotechcompaniesworkingtodevisenewdrugsbasedongeneticknowledge.Soonscientistswillbeabletoquicklyandaccuratelycomparecancertissuewithnormaltissuetoseewhichgenesare"switchedon"andmakingproteinsandwhichgenesarenothesays. "Ifyoufoundagenethatwashighlyexpressedinprostatecancercellsbutnotothertissuesyoucoulddeducethatgenewasinvolvedinprostatecancer"accordingtoCarter."Wewouldtrytodevelopinthelabawaytoblocktheexpressionofthatgene."Onepossibilitywouldbea"smallmolecule"drugthatwouldattachtoandinactivatethatgene’sprotein. Finallydrugsthemselveswilllikelybecomesaferandmoreeffectivebecausetheywillbetailoredtoanindividual’sgeneticabilitytoprocessmedicinespredictsRobertWaterstondirectoroftheHumanGenomeProjectsequencingcenteratWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis. Inthefutureabloodtestcouldshowhowmuchofaparticulardrug-processingenzymeapersonhasWaterstonexplains.Thedoctorwouldthenadjustthedoseaccordinglyorprescribeadrugcustomdesignedforthatperson’sgeneticmakeup.Thisnewfieldcalledpharmacogenomicsshouldeliminatemanyofthedrugsideeffectsthatresultfromourcurrentcrudermethodsofdeterminingdosage. AccordingtoKenCartereffectivecancerdrugsmayalsoarisebymeansof
JohnWinstonLennonwasbornintoaworldatwarwithitself—aperfectsymboloftheinternalcontradictionsthatdefinedhislifeandmusic.Germanaircraftweredroppingbombsonhiscityattheverymomentofhisarrival. 41____________.LennonalsohadapowerfulattachmenttohismotherJuliathatlingeredlongaftershediedin1958;theclassic1968albumTheBeatlesknownasthe"WhiteAlbum"foritswhitealbumlinerincludedhissong"Julia"—anexquisiteexpressionofrawsorrow.WhenheandMcCartneyfirstmetonJuly6th1957—atachurchpicnicwhereLennon’sbandwasastarattraction—Lennonwasbuddingintoafusionofboldattitudekeenwitandhonestcharm.TheBeatlesgavehimtheroomtobloom. 42____________. Inafewwaysthecurrentboy-bandphenomenonissimplytheBeatleswithamoderntwist:hugerecordsalesadoringyoungwomenqueueduponthesidewalksoutsidetheirconcertsandthecircus-likeatmospheresurroundingtheireverymove.WithhissharphandsomefeaturesandanattractivewarmthcontrastedbyhisacidturnofphraseLennonevokedasmuchhystericalfemaledesireasanymemberoftheBackStreetBoysifnotallofthemputtogether.43____________. LennonandOnoskillfullyusedthedisbeliefandscornthatoftengreetedtheirprovocativeexploitstopromotetheirpeacecampaigns:demonstratingintheirbedclothesforanendtotheVietnamWarinthespringof1969andpayingforhuge"WARISOVER!"signsintwelvecitiesaroundtheworldthefollowingChristmas.44____________. ApeculiarironyofLennon’sstoryisthewaywetendtoworshiptheManandtheBeatleattheexpenseofthesoloartist.TobefrankLennonwasnotalwaysterrificonhisown.45____________. A.TodaythepopularityoftheBeatlesseemslikeadistantmiracleanancientexplosionofenergeticteenagejoy.Survivingfilmsandhistoricalaccountsonlyhintatthemagicofthetwoyears1963and1964inwhichtheBeatlesbroughtBritainandthenAmericahappilytotheirknees. B.TheBeatlesworesuitsandchattedcheerfullywithreportersinthatfirstcoupleofyears.Theyalsomovedquicklytoseizecontrol—oftheirmusictheircareersandtheirindividualdestinies. C.HisimageastheintellectualBeatle—theshybrilliantseekeroftruthwithastubbornstreakandasmartmouth—wasrootedinhisdaysasawould-beartstudentandteenagerebelwitharemarkableintellect.HefoundsubstitutefatherfiguresinAmericanrockmusicians. D.OnthefinaldayofhislifeLennongaveaninterviewtopromotewhatwouldbehisfinalalbum.Whenaskedabouthis1971singlerecording"PowertothePeople"Lennonsaidhenowbelievedthatpeopledohavethepower."Idon’tmeanthepowerofthegun"heexplained."Theyhavethepowertomakeandcreatethesocietytheywant." E.ThecoupleplantedtreesforpeaceatCoventryCathedralinEnglandandinearly1970cuttheirhairforpeace.InopenlycourtingpublicscornLennonandOnoengineeredavitalpublicdebateaboutpeaceandloveasrealisticgoalsnotjustnaivenonsense. F.Thekeylineinthose"WARISOVER!"signswasinthesmalltypenearthebottom:IFYOUWANTIT.WhenJohnLennondiedheleftuswithauniquebodyofworkandthemostvaluablelessonrock&rollhastooffer:anythingispossible—ifyouwantit. G.HeneverdidbetterthantheintensityandhowlofhisJohnLennon/PlasticOnoBandalbumbutthereismuchinLennon’spost-Beatlemusictobeappreciated.Recordedduringhisso-calledlostweekend—aperiodofseparationfromOno—the1974albumWallsandBridgesisastrikingtestimonytothewretcheddesperationhefelt. 45
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