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The Function of Tomatoes How do we love tomatoes? Let’’s count the w...
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{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}Collegeeducation{{/B}}??Thecasefor collegehasbeenacceptedwithoutquestionformorethanageneration.Allhigh schoolgraduatesoughttogosaysconventionalwisdomandstatisticalevidence becausecollegewillhelpthemearnmoremoneybecomebetterpeopleandlearn tobemoreresponsiblecitizensthanthosewhodon’tgo.??But collegehasneverbeenabletoworkitsmagicforeveryone.Andnowthatclose tohalfourhighschoolgraduatesareattendingthosewhodon’tfitthepattern arebecomingmorenumerousandmoreobvious.Collegegraduatesareselling shoesanddrivingtaxis;collegestudentsinterferewitheachother’s experimentsandwritefalselettersofrecommendationintheintensecompetition foradmissiontograduateschool.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}.??{{U}} ?47?{{/U}}.Butthat’sacondemnationofthestudentsasawholeand doesn’texplainallcampusunhappiness.Othersblamethestateoftheworldand theyarepartlyright.We’vebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollege becauseoureconomycan’tabsorbanarmyofuntrainedeighteen-year-olds. {{U}}?48?{{/U}}.??Someadventuresomeeducatorsand campuswatchershaveopenlybeguntosuggestthatcollegemaynotbethebest thepropertheonlyplaceforeveryyoungpersonafterthecompletionofhigh school.Wemayhavebeenlookingatallthosesurveysandstatisticsupside downitseemsandthroughtherosyglowofourownrememberedcollege experiences.Perhapscollegedoesn’tmakepeopleintelligentambitioushappy liberalorquicktolearnthings—maybeit’sjusttheotherwayaroundand intelligentambitioushappyliberalquick-learningpeoplearemerelythe oneswhohavebeenattractedtocollegeinthefirstplace.{{U}}?49 ?{{/U}}.Thisisheresy异端邪说tothoseofuswhohavebeenbroughtupto believethatifalittleschoolingisgoodmorehastobemuchbetter. {{U}}?50?{{/U}}.??A.Andperhapsallthosesuccessful collegegraduateswouldhavebeensuccessfulwhethertheyhadgonetocollegeor not.??B.Butdisappointedgraduatesarelearningthatitcanno longerabsorbanarmyoftrainedtwenty-two-year-oldseither.? ?C.Othersfindnostimulationintheirstudiesanddropout—often encouragedbycollegeadministrators.??D.Someobserverssaythe faultiswiththeyoungpeoplethemselves—theyarespoiledandtheyare expectingtoomuch.??E.Butcontraryevidenceisbeginningto mountup.??F.Afterallthewholepointofcollegeeducationis thatwehaven’tfoundtherightwaytoteacheverydifferentstudent.
{{*HTML*}} {{B}}Youngpeopleandtheirparents{{/B}}??It isnaturalforyoungpeopletobecriticaloftheirparentsattimesandto blamethemformostofthemisunderstandingsbetweenthem.Theyhavealways complainedmoreorlessjustlythattheirparentsareoutoftouchwithmodern ways;thattheyarepossessiveanddominant;thattheydonottrusttheir childrentodealwithcrisis;thattheytalktoomuchaboutcertainproblems—and thattheyhavenosenseofhumoratleastinparent-child relationships.??Ithinkitistruethatparentsoften underestimatetheirteenagechildrenandalsoforgethowtheythemselvesfelt whenyoung.??Youngpeopleoftenirritatetheirparentswiththeir choicesinclothesandhairstylesinentertainersandmusic.Thisisnottheir motive.Theyfeelcutofffromtheadultworldintowhichtheyhavenotyetbeen accepted.Sotheycreateacultureandsocietyoftheirown.Thenitturnsout thattheirmusicorentertainersorvocabularyorclothesorhairstylesirritate theirparents.Thisgivesthemadditionalenjoyment.Theyfeeltheyare superioratleastinsmallwayandthattheyareleadersinstyleand taste.??Sometimesyouareresistantandproudbecauseyoudonot wantyourparentstoapproveofwhatyoudo.Iftheydidapproveitlooksasif youarebetrayingyourownagegroup.Butinthatcaseyouareassumingthat youareunderdog:youcan’twinbutatleastyoucankeepyourhonor.Thisisa passivewayoflookingatthings.Itisnaturalenoughafterlongyearsof childhoodwhenyouwerecompletelyunderyourparents’control.Butitignores thefactthatyouarenowbeginningtoberesponsibleforyourself.? ?Ifyouplantocontrolyourlifeco-operationcanbepartofthatplan. Youcancharmothersespeciallyyourparentsintodoingthingsthewayyou want.Youcanimpressotherswithyoursenseofresponsibilityandinitiative sothattheywillgiveyoutheauthoritytodowhatyouwanttodo.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout______.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}Thinkingfromateacher{{/B}}??Asthe fallsemesterendedmystudentshadachancetoturntotablesontheir teacher.Theygottogrademeanonymouslyassessingtheclarityofmythinking myorganizationalskillsandthedepthofmyknowledge.Attheirbestsuch evaluationskeepmealerttowhatworksandwhatdoesnot.Studentsreflectmy performancebacktomeandIamgladtolearnwhattheythinkofmyteaching sothatImighttrytoimprove.??Iamalsoawarethatthe students’commentsbecometheprimaryevidenceofmyabilitiesapapertrail followingmethroughoutmycareer.WhenIcomeupforreviewthepromotion committeewillexaminemyevaluationstodeterminejustwhatkindofteacherI am.??Thereisofcoursenothingwrongwithaccountability.But thissystemassumesthatwhatstudentsneedisthesameaswhattheywant. Readingmyevaluationseverysemesterhastaughtmeotherwise.Manystudents’ expectationsfortheircourseshavechangedreflectinginpartthebusiness modelmoreuniversitiesarefollowing.Classesareconsideredservicesand parentsareeagertogettheirmoney’sworthfromtheirchildren’seducation. Studentsfeelpressurefromtheirparentstoderivepracticalusefromtheir courses.??Thiscouldmakesenseforanengineeringcoursebutin myfieldcreativewritingwhichrarelychurnsoutpolished21-year-old writersitistrickiertoprovidetheresultsthatthecareer-mindedstudent craves.ThenIstumbleduponsomedubiousteachingtechniquesreversedthe criticismsofthesechronicallyunhappystudentsandimprovedmystudent evaluationsforthesemester.Myrecordwouldreflectasmartattentive encouragingteacher.ButIwouldarguethatItaughtthesestudentslittle.They lovedmebecauseIagreedthatwritingshouldbeeasy.??Iknow otherteacherswhohavedonethesamething:teachyourheartouttothe teachablebutbesuretopleasetheunteachabletokeepyourratingshighlike apoliticiantryingtoimprovehispollresults.??Ibelievein thestruggleandmoststudentsIhavemetdotoo.ButIstillcan’thelp wincingwhenIreadTheinstructorismean.Marcusisnotcommittedtomy work.Thisclasssucks.Thebusinessmodelhastaughtmethatthecustomeris alwaysright.Butmaybeafewmoredissatisfiedcustomerwouldmeanabetter learningexperience.Whatkindofteachingmethoddoestheauthoruseinhiswritingclass?
His{{U}}holdings{{/U}}includeahouseacarstocksbondsandjewelry.
{{*HTML*}} {{B}}Deathpenalty{{/B}}??Withthepossible exceptionofequalrightsperhapsthemostcontroversialissueacrossthe unitedStatestodayisthedeathpenalty.Manyarguethatitisaneffective deterrenttomurderwhileothersmaintainthereisnoconvincingevidencethat thedeathpenaltyreducesthenumberofmurders.??Theprincipal argumentadvancedbythoseopposedtothedeathpenaltybasicallyisthatit iscruelandinhumanpunishmentthatitisthemarkofabrutalsocietyand finallythatitisofquestionableeffectivenessasadeterrenttocrime anyway.??Inouropinionthedeathpenaltyisanecessaryevil. Throughoutrecordedhistorytherehavealwaysbeenthoseextremeindividualsin everysocietywhowerecapableofterriblyviolentcrimessuchasmurder.But somearemoreextremethanothers.??Forexampleitisonething totakethelifeofanotherinafitofblindragebutquiteanothertocoldly plotandcarryoutthemurderofanotheroneormorepeopleinthestyleofa butcher.Thusmurderlikeallothercrimesisamatterofrelativedegree. Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomeconvictionthatthecriminalinthefirst instanceshouldbemerelyisolatedfromsocietysuchshouldnotbethefateof thelattertypemurderer.??Thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasa deterrenttocrimemaybeopentodebate.Buttheoverwhelmingmajorityof citizensbelievethatthedeathpenaltyprotectsthem.Theirbeliefis reinforcedbyevidencewhichshowsthatthedeathpenaltydetersmurder.For examplefrom1954to1963whenthedeathpenaltywasconsistentlyimposedin Californiathemurderrateremainedbetweenthreeandfourmurdersforeach 100000populationSince1964thedeathpenaltyhasbeenimposedonlyonceand themurderratehasrisento10.4murdersforeach100000population.Thesharp climbinthestate’smurderratewhichbeganwhenexecutionsstoppedisno coincidence.Itisconvincingevidencethatthedeathpenaltydoesdetermany murderers.Ifthebillreestablishingthedeathpenaltyisvetoedinnocent peoplewillbemurdered—somewhoselivesmayhavebeensavedifthedeath penaltywereineffect.Thisisliterallyalifeordeathmatter.Thelivesof thousandsofinnocentpeoplemustbeprotected.Theauthor’sresponsetothosewhourgethedeathpenaltyforalldegreesofmurderwouldmostlikelybe______.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}}ComputerSecurity{{/B}}1.??Asthe businesssectorandindeedallofoursocietybecomesmoredependenton computersconcernaboutcomputersecuritygrows.AccordingtoBusinessWeek roughly$1trillionistransferredeverydayviacomputernetworks.Yeta knowledgeablepersoncanwithrelativeeaseaccessacomputersystemandcause seriousdamage.Estimatesoftheannualcostofcomputercrimerangefrom$I billionto$2billion.2.??Oneofthemostrecentcomputer problemsfirmsfaceiscalledacomputervirus.Avirusisatypeofcomputer programthatisintentionallyhiddeninothercomputerprograms.Whenaprogram withaviruscomesintocontactwithotherprogramsthevirusattackstheother programs.Somevirusescandestroyeverybitofinformationinacomputer. Businessesalsofacttheproblemoflosinghighlyconfidentialdatatocomputer hackers.Theseindividualsbreakintocomputersystemsandstealinformationor damageprograms.3.??Computervirusesandcomputerhackers presentahugepotentialrisktofirms.Theyhaveshutdownentirecomputer systemsinsomelargecompanies.4.??Fortunatelybusinessfirms cannowobtaininsurancecoverageforlossesfromcomputercrime.Althoughsome policiesspecificallycovercomputervirusesmanyothersweredraftedbefore computervirusesbecameaproblem.Thesepoliciesgenerallyinsureallrisksof directphysicallossordamageunlesssomethingisspecificallyexcluded.The issuethenbecomeswhetherornotthedamagecausedbyacomputervirusisa physicalloss.Insomecasesinsurancecompanieshavemaintainedthat informationlostonacomputerisnotphysicalpropertyandthusisnotcovered byatraditionalall-riskpolicy.5.??Manyinsurancecompanies arebeginningtousepolicylanguagethatdealsspecificallywiththelossof computerinformation.Inthiswaytheinsuredunderstandswhatiscoveredand theinsurancecompanycanavoidalargeunexpectedloss.Courtshaveheldthat informationstoredonthecomputeristangible切实的propertyintaxcases.In propertyinsurancecasestheymayhandlethedestructionofcomputer informationthesameway.Destructionofvaluableinformationthereforecould resultinacatastrophiclossthatiscoveredunderanall-riskpolicyunless thereislimitinglanguage.A.FatalnessfromvirusesandhackersB. Twoprimarydangerousfactors:virusandhackerC.Howthevirusesand hackersdestroyourcomputersthelossofcomputerinformationD.Attitudes towardsE.ThebestwaytoprotectourcomputersF.Thepoliciesaboutthe virusesParagraph3______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}Whydopeoplebecometoofat{{/B}}??It isindeedunfortunatethatinourmoderneraoftechnologicandscientific achievementthereisnoadequateexplanationforaseeminglysimplequestion: whydopeoplebecometoofatandwhatcanbedonetopreventit?about50 millionmenand60millionwomenbetweentheagesof18and79aretoofatand needtoreduceexcessweight.Thisamounttoabout377millionkgofexcessfat formenand667millionkgforwomenoratotaloft044millionkg2297 million1bfortheUnitedStatesadultpopulation!Iftheoverfatmenandwomen dietedbyconsuming600fewercalorieseachdaytoreducetoanormalvalueof bodyfatachievablein68daysformenand101daysforwomenthereduced caloricintakewouldequal5.7trillingcalories.Translatingthisintofossil fuelenergyandconsideringsuchfactorsastheenergyrequiredtoplant cultivateharvestfeedprocesstransportwholesaleretailacquirestore andcookthefoodtheannualenergysavingswouldbeequaltothatrequiredto supplytheresidentialelectricdemandsofBostonChicagosanFranciscoand WashingtonDCor13billiongallonsofgasolinetofuel900000autosperyear. Untilrecentlythemajorcauseofobesitywasbelievedtobeovereating. Howeverifgluttony贪食andoverindulgenceweretheonlyfactorsassociated withanincreaseinbodyfattheeasiestwaytopermanentlyreducewouldsurely tobecutbackonfood.Ofcourseifitwerethatsimpleobesitywouldsoonbe eliminatedasamajorhealthproblem.Thereareobviouslyotherfactors operativesuchasgeneticenvironmentalandsocialinfluences.Howeverthese causesprobablyoverlap.Itseemsfairlycertainthatthetreatmentprocedures devisedsofarwhethertheybedietssurgerydrugspsychologicmethodsor exerciseeitheraloneorincombinationhavenotbeenparticularlysuccessful insolvingtheproblemonalong-termbasis.Thereisnonethelessoptimismthat asresearcherscontinuetoinvestigatethemanyfacetsof.obesityaswellas totestandquantifyvarioustreatmentmodessignificantprogresscanbemade toconquerthismajorhealthproblem.Thepercentageoftheexcessfatforwomenofthetotalamountofexcessfatisroughly50%.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}Canal{{/B}}??Todaymostcountriesin theworldhavecanals.Eveninthetwentiethcenturygoodscanbemovedmore cheaplybyboat{{U}}?51?{{/U}}byanyothermeansoftrans-port.Some canalssuchastheSuezorthePanama{{U}}?52?{{/U}}shipsweeksof timebymakingtheirvoyageathousandmilesshorter.Othercanalspermitboats toreachcitiesthatarenotlocatedonthecoast.Stillothercanals {{U}}?53?{{/U}}landswherethereistoomuchwaterhelporirrigate fieldswherethereisnotenoughwaterandfurnishwaterpowerforfactories andmills.??The{{U}}?54?{{/U}}ofacanaldependson thekindofboatsgoingthroughit.Thecanalmustbewideenoughtopermittwo ofthe{{U}}?55?{{/U}}boatsusingitto{{U}}?56?{{/U}}each othereasily.Itmustbedeepenoughtoleaveabouttwofeetofwater {{U}}?57?{{/U}}thekeelofthelargestboatusingthecanal.Some canalshaveslopingsides{{U}}?58?{{/U}}othershavesidesthatare nearlyvertical.Canalsthatarecutthroughrockcanhavenearlyvertical sides.Howevercanalswithearthbanksmaycrumbleiftheangleoftheirsides istoosteep.??Somecanalsarelinedwithbrickstoneor concretetokeepthewater{{U}}?59?{{/U}}soakingintothemud.This alsopermitsshipstogo{{U}}?60?{{/U}}greaterspeedssincethey cannotmakethebanksfallinbystirringupthewater.Insmallcanalswithmud banksshipsandbargesmust{{U}}?61?{{/U}}theirspeed.? ?Whenthecanalgoes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}differentlevelsofwater theshipsmustberaisedorloweredfromoneleveltotheotherThisis generallydonebymeansoflocks.Ifashipwantstogouptohigherwaterthe lowerendofthelockopenstolettheboatin.Thenthisgateclosesandthe waterisletintothelockchamberfromtheupperlevel.Thisraisedthelevel ofthewaterinthelock{{U}}?63?{{/U}}itisthesameastheupper levelofwater.??Nowtheuppergatescanbeopenedto {{U}}?64?{{/U}}theshipintothehigherwater.Ofcoursetheremust alwaysbeenoughwaterontheupperleveltoallowforthefloodingofthelock. Sometimesacanalcontainsa{{U}}?65?{{/U}}oflockswhenthe differenceinlevelsisverygreat.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}Canal{{/B}}??Todaymostcountriesin theworldhavecanals.Eveninthetwentiethcenturygoodscanbemovedmore cheaplybyboat{{U}}?51?{{/U}}byanyothermeansoftrans-port.Some canalssuchastheSuezorthePanama{{U}}?52?{{/U}}shipsweeksof timebymakingtheirvoyageathousandmilesshorter.Othercanalspermitboats toreachcitiesthatarenotlocatedonthecoast.Stillothercanals {{U}}?53?{{/U}}landswherethereistoomuchwaterhelporirrigate fieldswherethereisnotenoughwaterandfurnishwaterpowerforfactories andmills.??The{{U}}?54?{{/U}}ofacanaldependson thekindofboatsgoingthroughit.Thecanalmustbewideenoughtopermittwo ofthe{{U}}?55?{{/U}}boatsusingitto{{U}}?56?{{/U}}each othereasily.Itmustbedeepenoughtoleaveabouttwofeetofwater {{U}}?57?{{/U}}thekeelofthelargestboatusingthecanal.Some canalshaveslopingsides{{U}}?58?{{/U}}othershavesidesthatare nearlyvertical.Canalsthatarecutthroughrockcanhavenearlyvertical sides.Howevercanalswithearthbanksmaycrumbleiftheangleoftheirsides istoosteep.??Somecanalsarelinedwithbrickstoneor concretetokeepthewater{{U}}?59?{{/U}}soakingintothemud.This alsopermitsshipstogo{{U}}?60?{{/U}}greaterspeedssincethey cannotmakethebanksfallinbystirringupthewater.Insmallcanalswithmud banksshipsandbargesmust{{U}}?61?{{/U}}theirspeed.? ?Whenthecanalgoes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}differentlevelsofwater theshipsmustberaisedorloweredfromoneleveltotheotherThisis generallydonebymeansoflocks.Ifashipwantstogouptohigherwaterthe lowerendofthelockopenstolettheboatin.Thenthisgateclosesandthe waterisletintothelockchamberfromtheupperlevel.Thisraisedthelevel ofthewaterinthelock{{U}}?63?{{/U}}itisthesameastheupper levelofwater.??Nowtheuppergatescanbeopenedto {{U}}?64?{{/U}}theshipintothehigherwater.Ofcoursetheremust alwaysbeenoughwaterontheupperleveltoallowforthefloodingofthelock. Sometimesacanalcontainsa{{U}}?65?{{/U}}oflockswhenthe differenceinlevelsisverygreat.
{{*HTML*}} {{B}}Deathpenalty{{/B}}??Withthepossible exceptionofequalrightsperhapsthemostcontroversialissueacrossthe unitedStatestodayisthedeathpenalty.Manyarguethatitisaneffective deterrenttomurderwhileothersmaintainthereisnoconvincingevidencethat thedeathpenaltyreducesthenumberofmurders.??Theprincipal argumentadvancedbythoseopposedtothedeathpenaltybasicallyisthatit iscruelandinhumanpunishmentthatitisthemarkofabrutalsocietyand finallythatitisofquestionableeffectivenessasadeterrenttocrime anyway.??Inouropinionthedeathpenaltyisanecessaryevil. Throughoutrecordedhistorytherehavealwaysbeenthoseextremeindividualsin everysocietywhowerecapableofterriblyviolentcrimessuchasmurder.But somearemoreextremethanothers.??Forexampleitisonething totakethelifeofanotherinafitofblindragebutquiteanothertocoldly plotandcarryoutthemurderofanotheroneormorepeopleinthestyleofa butcher.Thusmurderlikeallothercrimesisamatterofrelativedegree. Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomeconvictionthatthecriminalinthefirst instanceshouldbemerelyisolatedfromsocietysuchshouldnotbethefateof thelattertypemurderer.??Thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasa deterrenttocrimemaybeopentodebate.Buttheoverwhelmingmajorityof citizensbelievethatthedeathpenaltyprotectsthem.Theirbeliefis reinforcedbyevidencewhichshowsthatthedeathpenaltydetersmurder.For examplefrom1954to1963whenthedeathpenaltywasconsistentlyimposedin Californiathemurderrateremainedbetweenthreeandfourmurdersforeach 100000populationSince1964thedeathpenaltyhasbeenimposedonlyonceand themurderratehasrisento10.4murdersforeach100000population.Thesharp climbinthestate’smurderratewhichbeganwhenexecutionsstoppedisno coincidence.Itisconvincingevidencethatthedeathpenaltydoesdetermany murderers.Ifthebillreestablishingthedeathpenaltyisvetoedinnocent peoplewillbemurdered—somewhoselivesmayhavebeensavedifthedeath penaltywereineffect.Thisisliterallyalifeordeathmatter.Thelivesof thousandsofinnocentpeoplemustbeprotected.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorthinksthat______.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}}ComputerSecurity{{/B}}1.??Asthe businesssectorandindeedallofoursocietybecomesmoredependenton computersconcernaboutcomputersecuritygrows.AccordingtoBusinessWeek roughly$1trillionistransferredeverydayviacomputernetworks.Yeta knowledgeablepersoncanwithrelativeeaseaccessacomputersystemandcause seriousdamage.Estimatesoftheannualcostofcomputercrimerangefrom$I billionto$2billion.2.??Oneofthemostrecentcomputer problemsfirmsfaceiscalledacomputervirus.Avirusisatypeofcomputer programthatisintentionallyhiddeninothercomputerprograms.Whenaprogram withaviruscomesintocontactwithotherprogramsthevirusattackstheother programs.Somevirusescandestroyeverybitofinformationinacomputer. Businessesalsofacttheproblemoflosinghighlyconfidentialdatatocomputer hackers.Theseindividualsbreakintocomputersystemsandstealinformationor damageprograms.3.??Computervirusesandcomputerhackers presentahugepotentialrisktofirms.Theyhaveshutdownentirecomputer systemsinsomelargecompanies.4.??Fortunatelybusinessfirms cannowobtaininsurancecoverageforlossesfromcomputercrime.Althoughsome policiesspecificallycovercomputervirusesmanyothersweredraftedbefore computervirusesbecameaproblem.Thesepoliciesgenerallyinsureallrisksof directphysicallossordamageunlesssomethingisspecificallyexcluded.The issuethenbecomeswhetherornotthedamagecausedbyacomputervirusisa physicalloss.Insomecasesinsurancecompanieshavemaintainedthat informationlostonacomputerisnotphysicalpropertyandthusisnotcovered byatraditionalall-riskpolicy.5.??Manyinsurancecompanies arebeginningtousepolicylanguagethatdealsspecificallywiththelossof computerinformation.Inthiswaytheinsuredunderstandswhatiscoveredand theinsurancecompanycanavoidalargeunexpectedloss.Courtshaveheldthat informationstoredonthecomputeristangible切实的propertyintaxcases.In propertyinsurancecasestheymayhandlethedestructionofcomputer informationthesameway.Destructionofvaluableinformationthereforecould resultinacatastrophiclossthatiscoveredunderanall-riskpolicyunless thereislimitinglanguage.A.FatalnessfromvirusesandhackersB. Twoprimarydangerousfactors:virusandhackerC.Howthevirusesand hackersdestroyourcomputersthelossofcomputerinformationD.Attitudes towardsE.ThebestwaytoprotectourcomputersF.Thepoliciesaboutthe virusesAvirusissuchaprogramthatitishiddeninotherprogramsand______.
{{*HTML*}} {{B}}Youngpeopleandtheirparents{{/B}}??It isnaturalforyoungpeopletobecriticaloftheirparentsattimesandto blamethemformostofthemisunderstandingsbetweenthem.Theyhavealways complainedmoreorlessjustlythattheirparentsareoutoftouchwithmodern ways;thattheyarepossessiveanddominant;thattheydonottrusttheir childrentodealwithcrisis;thattheytalktoomuchaboutcertainproblems—and thattheyhavenosenseofhumoratleastinparent-child relationships.??Ithinkitistruethatparentsoften underestimatetheirteenagechildrenandalsoforgethowtheythemselvesfelt whenyoung.??Youngpeopleoftenirritatetheirparentswiththeir choicesinclothesandhairstylesinentertainersandmusic.Thisisnottheir motive.Theyfeelcutofffromtheadultworldintowhichtheyhavenotyetbeen accepted.Sotheycreateacultureandsocietyoftheirown.Thenitturnsout thattheirmusicorentertainersorvocabularyorclothesorhairstylesirritate theirparents.Thisgivesthemadditionalenjoyment.Theyfeeltheyare superioratleastinsmallwayandthattheyareleadersinstyleand taste.??Sometimesyouareresistantandproudbecauseyoudonot wantyourparentstoapproveofwhatyoudo.Iftheydidapproveitlooksasif youarebetrayingyourownagegroup.Butinthatcaseyouareassumingthat youareunderdog:youcan’twinbutatleastyoucankeepyourhonor.Thisisa passivewayoflookingatthings.Itisnaturalenoughafterlongyearsof childhoodwhenyouwerecompletelyunderyourparents’control.Butitignores thefactthatyouarenowbeginningtoberesponsibleforyourself.? ?Ifyouplantocontrolyourlifeco-operationcanbepartofthatplan. Youcancharmothersespeciallyyourparentsintodoingthingsthewayyou want.Youcanimpressotherswithyoursenseofresponsibilityandinitiative sothattheywillgiveyoutheauthoritytodowhatyouwanttodo.Teenagersdonotwanttheirparentstoapproveofwhatevertheydobecausethey______.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}}ComputerSecurity{{/B}}1.??Asthe businesssectorandindeedallofoursocietybecomesmoredependenton computersconcernaboutcomputersecuritygrows.AccordingtoBusinessWeek roughly$1trillionistransferredeverydayviacomputernetworks.Yeta knowledgeablepersoncanwithrelativeeaseaccessacomputersystemandcause seriousdamage.Estimatesoftheannualcostofcomputercrimerangefrom$I billionto$2billion.2.??Oneofthemostrecentcomputer problemsfirmsfaceiscalledacomputervirus.Avirusisatypeofcomputer programthatisintentionallyhiddeninothercomputerprograms.Whenaprogram withaviruscomesintocontactwithotherprogramsthevirusattackstheother programs.Somevirusescandestroyeverybitofinformationinacomputer. Businessesalsofacttheproblemoflosinghighlyconfidentialdatatocomputer hackers.Theseindividualsbreakintocomputersystemsandstealinformationor damageprograms.3.??Computervirusesandcomputerhackers presentahugepotentialrisktofirms.Theyhaveshutdownentirecomputer systemsinsomelargecompanies.4.??Fortunatelybusinessfirms cannowobtaininsurancecoverageforlossesfromcomputercrime.Althoughsome policiesspecificallycovercomputervirusesmanyothersweredraftedbefore computervirusesbecameaproblem.Thesepoliciesgenerallyinsureallrisksof directphysicallossordamageunlesssomethingisspecificallyexcluded.The issuethenbecomeswhetherornotthedamagecausedbyacomputervirusisa physicalloss.Insomecasesinsurancecompanieshavemaintainedthat informationlostonacomputerisnotphysicalpropertyandthusisnotcovered byatraditionalall-riskpolicy.5.??Manyinsurancecompanies arebeginningtousepolicylanguagethatdealsspecificallywiththelossof computerinformation.Inthiswaytheinsuredunderstandswhatiscoveredand theinsurancecompanycanavoidalargeunexpectedloss.Courtshaveheldthat informationstoredonthecomputeristangible切实的propertyintaxcases.In propertyinsurancecasestheymayhandlethedestructionofcomputer informationthesameway.Destructionofvaluableinformationthereforecould resultinacatastrophiclossthatiscoveredunderanall-riskpolicyunless thereislimitinglanguage.A.FatalnessfromvirusesandhackersB. Twoprimarydangerousfactors:virusandhackerC.Howthevirusesand hackersdestroyourcomputersthelossofcomputerinformationD.Attitudes towardsE.ThebestwaytoprotectourcomputersF.Thepoliciesaboutthe virusesParagraph5______.
Youalwaysfollowyourown{{U}}inclinations{{/U}}insteadofthinkingofourfeelings.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}Thinkingfromateacher{{/B}}??Asthe fallsemesterendedmystudentshadachancetoturntotablesontheir teacher.Theygottogrademeanonymouslyassessingtheclarityofmythinking myorganizationalskillsandthedepthofmyknowledge.Attheirbestsuch evaluationskeepmealerttowhatworksandwhatdoesnot.Studentsreflectmy performancebacktomeandIamgladtolearnwhattheythinkofmyteaching sothatImighttrytoimprove.??Iamalsoawarethatthe students’commentsbecometheprimaryevidenceofmyabilitiesapapertrail followingmethroughoutmycareer.WhenIcomeupforreviewthepromotion committeewillexaminemyevaluationstodeterminejustwhatkindofteacherI am.??Thereisofcoursenothingwrongwithaccountability.But thissystemassumesthatwhatstudentsneedisthesameaswhattheywant. Readingmyevaluationseverysemesterhastaughtmeotherwise.Manystudents’ expectationsfortheircourseshavechangedreflectinginpartthebusiness modelmoreuniversitiesarefollowing.Classesareconsideredservicesand parentsareeagertogettheirmoney’sworthfromtheirchildren’seducation. Studentsfeelpressurefromtheirparentstoderivepracticalusefromtheir courses.??Thiscouldmakesenseforanengineeringcoursebutin myfieldcreativewritingwhichrarelychurnsoutpolished21-year-old writersitistrickiertoprovidetheresultsthatthecareer-mindedstudent craves.ThenIstumbleduponsomedubiousteachingtechniquesreversedthe criticismsofthesechronicallyunhappystudentsandimprovedmystudent evaluationsforthesemester.Myrecordwouldreflectasmartattentive encouragingteacher.ButIwouldarguethatItaughtthesestudentslittle.They lovedmebecauseIagreedthatwritingshouldbeeasy.??Iknow otherteacherswhohavedonethesamething:teachyourheartouttothe teachablebutbesuretopleasetheunteachabletokeepyourratingshighlike apoliticiantryingtoimprovehispollresults.??Ibelievein thestruggleandmoststudentsIhavemetdotoo.ButIstillcan’thelp wincingwhenIreadTheinstructorismean.Marcusisnotcommittedtomy work.Thisclasssucks.Thebusinessmodelhastaughtmethatthecustomeris alwaysright.Butmaybeafewmoredissatisfiedcustomerwouldmeanabetter learningexperience.Whyhasthestudents’expectationoftheircourseschanged?
Whenfourbanksfailedinonedaytherewasan{{U}}panic{{/U}}amongbusinessmen.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}}ComputerSecurity{{/B}}1.??Asthe businesssectorandindeedallofoursocietybecomesmoredependenton computersconcernaboutcomputersecuritygrows.AccordingtoBusinessWeek roughly$1trillionistransferredeverydayviacomputernetworks.Yeta knowledgeablepersoncanwithrelativeeaseaccessacomputersystemandcause seriousdamage.Estimatesoftheannualcostofcomputercrimerangefrom$I billionto$2billion.2.??Oneofthemostrecentcomputer problemsfirmsfaceiscalledacomputervirus.Avirusisatypeofcomputer programthatisintentionallyhiddeninothercomputerprograms.Whenaprogram withaviruscomesintocontactwithotherprogramsthevirusattackstheother programs.Somevirusescandestroyeverybitofinformationinacomputer. Businessesalsofacttheproblemoflosinghighlyconfidentialdatatocomputer hackers.Theseindividualsbreakintocomputersystemsandstealinformationor damageprograms.3.??Computervirusesandcomputerhackers presentahugepotentialrisktofirms.Theyhaveshutdownentirecomputer systemsinsomelargecompanies.4.??Fortunatelybusinessfirms cannowobtaininsurancecoverageforlossesfromcomputercrime.Althoughsome policiesspecificallycovercomputervirusesmanyothersweredraftedbefore computervirusesbecameaproblem.Thesepoliciesgenerallyinsureallrisksof directphysicallossordamageunlesssomethingisspecificallyexcluded.The issuethenbecomeswhetherornotthedamagecausedbyacomputervirusisa physicalloss.Insomecasesinsurancecompanieshavemaintainedthat informationlostonacomputerisnotphysicalpropertyandthusisnotcovered byatraditionalall-riskpolicy.5.??Manyinsurancecompanies arebeginningtousepolicylanguagethatdealsspecificallywiththelossof computerinformation.Inthiswaytheinsuredunderstandswhatiscoveredand theinsurancecompanycanavoidalargeunexpectedloss.Courtshaveheldthat informationstoredonthecomputeristangible切实的propertyintaxcases.In propertyinsurancecasestheymayhandlethedestructionofcomputer informationthesameway.Destructionofvaluableinformationthereforecould resultinacatastrophiclossthatiscoveredunderanall-riskpolicyunless thereislimitinglanguage.A.FatalnessfromvirusesandhackersB. Twoprimarydangerousfactors:virusandhackerC.Howthevirusesand hackersdestroyourcomputersthelossofcomputerinformationD.Attitudes towardsE.ThebestwaytoprotectourcomputersF.Thepoliciesaboutthe virusesNowcourtsthinkinformationstoredinthecomputerisalso______.
Thefamousbankerhas{{U}}considerable{{/U}}influencewiththePresidentoftheUnitedStates.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}Collegeeducation{{/B}}??Thecasefor collegehasbeenacceptedwithoutquestionformorethanageneration.Allhigh schoolgraduatesoughttogosaysconventionalwisdomandstatisticalevidence becausecollegewillhelpthemearnmoremoneybecomebetterpeopleandlearn tobemoreresponsiblecitizensthanthosewhodon’tgo.??But collegehasneverbeenabletoworkitsmagicforeveryone.Andnowthatclose tohalfourhighschoolgraduatesareattendingthosewhodon’tfitthepattern arebecomingmorenumerousandmoreobvious.Collegegraduatesareselling shoesanddrivingtaxis;collegestudentsinterferewitheachother’s experimentsandwritefalselettersofrecommendationintheintensecompetition foradmissiontograduateschool.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}.??{{U}} ?47?{{/U}}.Butthat’sacondemnationofthestudentsasawholeand doesn’texplainallcampusunhappiness.Othersblamethestateoftheworldand theyarepartlyright.We’vebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollege becauseoureconomycan’tabsorbanarmyofuntrainedeighteen-year-olds. {{U}}?48?{{/U}}.??Someadventuresomeeducatorsand campuswatchershaveopenlybeguntosuggestthatcollegemaynotbethebest thepropertheonlyplaceforeveryyoungpersonafterthecompletionofhigh school.Wemayhavebeenlookingatallthosesurveysandstatisticsupside downitseemsandthroughtherosyglowofourownrememberedcollege experiences.Perhapscollegedoesn’tmakepeopleintelligentambitioushappy liberalorquicktolearnthings—maybeit’sjusttheotherwayaroundand intelligentambitioushappyliberalquick-learningpeoplearemerelythe oneswhohavebeenattractedtocollegeinthefirstplace.{{U}}?49 ?{{/U}}.Thisisheresy异端邪说tothoseofuswhohavebeenbroughtupto believethatifalittleschoolingisgoodmorehastobemuchbetter. {{U}}?50?{{/U}}.??A.Andperhapsallthosesuccessful collegegraduateswouldhavebeensuccessfulwhethertheyhadgonetocollegeor not.??B.Butdisappointedgraduatesarelearningthatitcanno longerabsorbanarmyoftrainedtwenty-two-year-oldseither.? ?C.Othersfindnostimulationintheirstudiesanddropout—often encouragedbycollegeadministrators.??D.Someobserverssaythe faultiswiththeyoungpeoplethemselves—theyarespoiledandtheyare expectingtoomuch.??E.Butcontraryevidenceisbeginningto mountup.??F.Afterallthewholepointofcollegeeducationis thatwehaven’tfoundtherightwaytoteacheverydifferentstudent.
Aftermakingobservationsforaweekintheplanttheindustrialengineermadeanumberofvery{{U}}constructive{{/U}}suggestionsinanoralreporttothemanager.
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{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}Whydopeoplebecometoofat{{/B}}??It isindeedunfortunatethatinourmoderneraoftechnologicandscientific achievementthereisnoadequateexplanationforaseeminglysimplequestion: whydopeoplebecometoofatandwhatcanbedonetopreventit?about50 millionmenand60millionwomenbetweentheagesof18and79aretoofatand needtoreduceexcessweight.Thisamounttoabout377millionkgofexcessfat formenand667millionkgforwomenoratotaloft044millionkg2297 million1bfortheUnitedStatesadultpopulation!Iftheoverfatmenandwomen dietedbyconsuming600fewercalorieseachdaytoreducetoanormalvalueof bodyfatachievablein68daysformenand101daysforwomenthereduced caloricintakewouldequal5.7trillingcalories.Translatingthisintofossil fuelenergyandconsideringsuchfactorsastheenergyrequiredtoplant cultivateharvestfeedprocesstransportwholesaleretailacquirestore andcookthefoodtheannualenergysavingswouldbeequaltothatrequiredto supplytheresidentialelectricdemandsofBostonChicagosanFranciscoand WashingtonDCor13billiongallonsofgasolinetofuel900000autosperyear. Untilrecentlythemajorcauseofobesitywasbelievedtobeovereating. Howeverifgluttony贪食andoverindulgenceweretheonlyfactorsassociated withanincreaseinbodyfattheeasiestwaytopermanentlyreducewouldsurely tobecutbackonfood.Ofcourseifitwerethatsimpleobesitywouldsoonbe eliminatedasamajorhealthproblem.Thereareobviouslyotherfactors operativesuchasgeneticenvironmentalandsocialinfluences.Howeverthese causesprobablyoverlap.Itseemsfairlycertainthatthetreatmentprocedures devisedsofarwhethertheybedietssurgerydrugspsychologicmethodsor exerciseeitheraloneorincombinationhavenotbeenparticularlysuccessful insolvingtheproblemonalong-termbasis.Thereisnonethelessoptimismthat asresearcherscontinuetoinvestigatethemanyfacetsof.obesityaswellas totestandquantifyvarioustreatmentmodessignificantprogresscanbemade toconquerthismajorhealthproblem.Onlyyoungpersonsfacesuchaproblemthattheyaretoofat.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}Canal{{/B}}??Todaymostcountriesin theworldhavecanals.Eveninthetwentiethcenturygoodscanbemovedmore cheaplybyboat{{U}}?51?{{/U}}byanyothermeansoftrans-port.Some canalssuchastheSuezorthePanama{{U}}?52?{{/U}}shipsweeksof timebymakingtheirvoyageathousandmilesshorter.Othercanalspermitboats toreachcitiesthatarenotlocatedonthecoast.Stillothercanals {{U}}?53?{{/U}}landswherethereistoomuchwaterhelporirrigate fieldswherethereisnotenoughwaterandfurnishwaterpowerforfactories andmills.??The{{U}}?54?{{/U}}ofacanaldependson thekindofboatsgoingthroughit.Thecanalmustbewideenoughtopermittwo ofthe{{U}}?55?{{/U}}boatsusingitto{{U}}?56?{{/U}}each othereasily.Itmustbedeepenoughtoleaveabouttwofeetofwater {{U}}?57?{{/U}}thekeelofthelargestboatusingthecanal.Some canalshaveslopingsides{{U}}?58?{{/U}}othershavesidesthatare nearlyvertical.Canalsthatarecutthroughrockcanhavenearlyvertical sides.Howevercanalswithearthbanksmaycrumbleiftheangleoftheirsides istoosteep.??Somecanalsarelinedwithbrickstoneor concretetokeepthewater{{U}}?59?{{/U}}soakingintothemud.This alsopermitsshipstogo{{U}}?60?{{/U}}greaterspeedssincethey cannotmakethebanksfallinbystirringupthewater.Insmallcanalswithmud banksshipsandbargesmust{{U}}?61?{{/U}}theirspeed.? ?Whenthecanalgoes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}differentlevelsofwater theshipsmustberaisedorloweredfromoneleveltotheotherThisis generallydonebymeansoflocks.Ifashipwantstogouptohigherwaterthe lowerendofthelockopenstolettheboatin.Thenthisgateclosesandthe waterisletintothelockchamberfromtheupperlevel.Thisraisedthelevel ofthewaterinthelock{{U}}?63?{{/U}}itisthesameastheupper levelofwater.??Nowtheuppergatescanbeopenedto {{U}}?64?{{/U}}theshipintothehigherwater.Ofcoursetheremust alwaysbeenoughwaterontheupperleveltoallowforthefloodingofthelock. Sometimesacanalcontainsa{{U}}?65?{{/U}}oflockswhenthe differenceinlevelsisverygreat.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}Collegeeducation{{/B}}??Thecasefor collegehasbeenacceptedwithoutquestionformorethanageneration.Allhigh schoolgraduatesoughttogosaysconventionalwisdomandstatisticalevidence becausecollegewillhelpthemearnmoremoneybecomebetterpeopleandlearn tobemoreresponsiblecitizensthanthosewhodon’tgo.??But collegehasneverbeenabletoworkitsmagicforeveryone.Andnowthatclose tohalfourhighschoolgraduatesareattendingthosewhodon’tfitthepattern arebecomingmorenumerousandmoreobvious.Collegegraduatesareselling shoesanddrivingtaxis;collegestudentsinterferewitheachother’s experimentsandwritefalselettersofrecommendationintheintensecompetition foradmissiontograduateschool.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}.??{{U}} ?47?{{/U}}.Butthat’sacondemnationofthestudentsasawholeand doesn’texplainallcampusunhappiness.Othersblamethestateoftheworldand theyarepartlyright.We’vebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollege becauseoureconomycan’tabsorbanarmyofuntrainedeighteen-year-olds. {{U}}?48?{{/U}}.??Someadventuresomeeducatorsand campuswatchershaveopenlybeguntosuggestthatcollegemaynotbethebest thepropertheonlyplaceforeveryyoungpersonafterthecompletionofhigh school.Wemayhavebeenlookingatallthosesurveysandstatisticsupside downitseemsandthroughtherosyglowofourownrememberedcollege experiences.Perhapscollegedoesn’tmakepeopleintelligentambitioushappy liberalorquicktolearnthings—maybeit’sjusttheotherwayaroundand intelligentambitioushappyliberalquick-learningpeoplearemerelythe oneswhohavebeenattractedtocollegeinthefirstplace.{{U}}?49 ?{{/U}}.Thisisheresy异端邪说tothoseofuswhohavebeenbroughtupto believethatifalittleschoolingisgoodmorehastobemuchbetter. {{U}}?50?{{/U}}.??A.Andperhapsallthosesuccessful collegegraduateswouldhavebeensuccessfulwhethertheyhadgonetocollegeor not.??B.Butdisappointedgraduatesarelearningthatitcanno longerabsorbanarmyoftrainedtwenty-two-year-oldseither.? ?C.Othersfindnostimulationintheirstudiesanddropout—often encouragedbycollegeadministrators.??D.Someobserverssaythe faultiswiththeyoungpeoplethemselves—theyarespoiledandtheyare expectingtoomuch.??E.Butcontraryevidenceisbeginningto mountup.??F.Afterallthewholepointofcollegeeducationis thatwehaven’tfoundtherightwaytoteacheverydifferentstudent.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}Whydopeoplebecometoofat{{/B}}??It isindeedunfortunatethatinourmoderneraoftechnologicandscientific achievementthereisnoadequateexplanationforaseeminglysimplequestion: whydopeoplebecometoofatandwhatcanbedonetopreventit?about50 millionmenand60millionwomenbetweentheagesof18and79aretoofatand needtoreduceexcessweight.Thisamounttoabout377millionkgofexcessfat formenand667millionkgforwomenoratotaloft044millionkg2297 million1bfortheUnitedStatesadultpopulation!Iftheoverfatmenandwomen dietedbyconsuming600fewercalorieseachdaytoreducetoanormalvalueof bodyfatachievablein68daysformenand101daysforwomenthereduced caloricintakewouldequal5.7trillingcalories.Translatingthisintofossil fuelenergyandconsideringsuchfactorsastheenergyrequiredtoplant cultivateharvestfeedprocesstransportwholesaleretailacquirestore andcookthefoodtheannualenergysavingswouldbeequaltothatrequiredto supplytheresidentialelectricdemandsofBostonChicagosanFranciscoand WashingtonDCor13billiongallonsofgasolinetofuel900000autosperyear. Untilrecentlythemajorcauseofobesitywasbelievedtobeovereating. Howeverifgluttony贪食andoverindulgenceweretheonlyfactorsassociated withanincreaseinbodyfattheeasiestwaytopermanentlyreducewouldsurely tobecutbackonfood.Ofcourseifitwerethatsimpleobesitywouldsoonbe eliminatedasamajorhealthproblem.Thereareobviouslyotherfactors operativesuchasgeneticenvironmentalandsocialinfluences.Howeverthese causesprobablyoverlap.Itseemsfairlycertainthatthetreatmentprocedures devisedsofarwhethertheybedietssurgerydrugspsychologicmethodsor exerciseeitheraloneorincombinationhavenotbeenparticularlysuccessful insolvingtheproblemonalong-termbasis.Thereisnonethelessoptimismthat asresearcherscontinuetoinvestigatethemanyfacetsof.obesityaswellas totestandquantifyvarioustreatmentmodessignificantprogresscanbemade toconquerthismajorhealthproblem.Thewriterfinallysaysthereisoptimismforthetreatmentofobesitybecausesignificantprogresswillbemadetoconquerthismajorhealthproblemthroughtheresearchers’efforts.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}Whydopeoplebecometoofat{{/B}}??It isindeedunfortunatethatinourmoderneraoftechnologicandscientific achievementthereisnoadequateexplanationforaseeminglysimplequestion: whydopeoplebecometoofatandwhatcanbedonetopreventit?about50 millionmenand60millionwomenbetweentheagesof18and79aretoofatand needtoreduceexcessweight.Thisamounttoabout377millionkgofexcessfat formenand667millionkgforwomenoratotaloft044millionkg2297 million1bfortheUnitedStatesadultpopulation!Iftheoverfatmenandwomen dietedbyconsuming600fewercalorieseachdaytoreducetoanormalvalueof bodyfatachievablein68daysformenand101daysforwomenthereduced caloricintakewouldequal5.7trillingcalories.Translatingthisintofossil fuelenergyandconsideringsuchfactorsastheenergyrequiredtoplant cultivateharvestfeedprocesstransportwholesaleretailacquirestore andcookthefoodtheannualenergysavingswouldbeequaltothatrequiredto supplytheresidentialelectricdemandsofBostonChicagosanFranciscoand WashingtonDCor13billiongallonsofgasolinetofuel900000autosperyear. Untilrecentlythemajorcauseofobesitywasbelievedtobeovereating. Howeverifgluttony贪食andoverindulgenceweretheonlyfactorsassociated withanincreaseinbodyfattheeasiestwaytopermanentlyreducewouldsurely tobecutbackonfood.Ofcourseifitwerethatsimpleobesitywouldsoonbe eliminatedasamajorhealthproblem.Thereareobviouslyotherfactors operativesuchasgeneticenvironmentalandsocialinfluences.Howeverthese causesprobablyoverlap.Itseemsfairlycertainthatthetreatmentprocedures devisedsofarwhethertheybedietssurgerydrugspsychologicmethodsor exerciseeitheraloneorincombinationhavenotbeenparticularlysuccessful insolvingtheproblemonalong-termbasis.Thereisnonethelessoptimismthat asresearcherscontinuetoinvestigatethemanyfacetsof.obesityaswellas totestandquantifyvarioustreatmentmodessignificantprogresscanbemade toconquerthismajorhealthproblem.Indulgenceindrinkingthegeneticenvironmentalsocialfactorsandovereatingshouldbeconsideredinevaluatingthecauseofanoverfatperson.
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{{*HTML*}} {{B}}Deathpenalty{{/B}}??Withthepossible exceptionofequalrightsperhapsthemostcontroversialissueacrossthe unitedStatestodayisthedeathpenalty.Manyarguethatitisaneffective deterrenttomurderwhileothersmaintainthereisnoconvincingevidencethat thedeathpenaltyreducesthenumberofmurders.??Theprincipal argumentadvancedbythoseopposedtothedeathpenaltybasicallyisthatit iscruelandinhumanpunishmentthatitisthemarkofabrutalsocietyand finallythatitisofquestionableeffectivenessasadeterrenttocrime anyway.??Inouropinionthedeathpenaltyisanecessaryevil. Throughoutrecordedhistorytherehavealwaysbeenthoseextremeindividualsin everysocietywhowerecapableofterriblyviolentcrimessuchasmurder.But somearemoreextremethanothers.??Forexampleitisonething totakethelifeofanotherinafitofblindragebutquiteanothertocoldly plotandcarryoutthemurderofanotheroneormorepeopleinthestyleofa butcher.Thusmurderlikeallothercrimesisamatterofrelativedegree. Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomeconvictionthatthecriminalinthefirst instanceshouldbemerelyisolatedfromsocietysuchshouldnotbethefateof thelattertypemurderer.??Thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasa deterrenttocrimemaybeopentodebate.Buttheoverwhelmingmajorityof citizensbelievethatthedeathpenaltyprotectsthem.Theirbeliefis reinforcedbyevidencewhichshowsthatthedeathpenaltydetersmurder.For examplefrom1954to1963whenthedeathpenaltywasconsistentlyimposedin Californiathemurderrateremainedbetweenthreeandfourmurdersforeach 100000populationSince1964thedeathpenaltyhasbeenimposedonlyonceand themurderratehasrisento10.4murdersforeach100000population.Thesharp climbinthestate’smurderratewhichbeganwhenexecutionsstoppedisno coincidence.Itisconvincingevidencethatthedeathpenaltydoesdetermany murderers.Ifthebillreestablishingthedeathpenaltyisvetoedinnocent peoplewillbemurdered—somewhoselivesmayhavebeensavedifthedeath penaltywereineffect.Thisisliterallyalifeordeathmatter.Thelivesof thousandsofinnocentpeoplemustbeprotected.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto______.
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