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下述肿瘤中哪一种是良性肿瘤
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下述肿瘤中哪一种是良性肿瘤
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下述肿瘤中哪一种是良性肿瘤
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__的主要作用可以概括为
Text2 Theproducersofinstantcoffeefound theirproductstronglyresistedinthemarketplacesdespitetheirproduct’s manifestadvantages.Furthermoretheadvertisingexpenditureforinstantcoffee wasfargreaterthanthatforregularcoffee.Effortsweremadetofindthe causeoftheconsumers’seeminglyunreasonableresistancetotheproduct.The reasongivenbymostpeoplewasdislikeforthetaste.Theproducerssuspected thattheremightbedeeperreasonshowever.Thiswasconfirmedbyoneof motivationresearch’sclassicstudiesoneoftencitedinthetrade.Mason HaireoftheuniversityofCaliforniaconstructedtwoshoppingliststhatwere identicalexceptforoneitem.Thereweresixitemscommontobothlists: hamburgercarrotsbreadbakingpowdercannedpeachesandpotatoeswiththe brandsoramountsspecified.Theseventhiteminfifthplaceonbothlists read1lb.MaxwellHouseCoffeeononelistandNestleInstantCoffeeonthe other.Onelistwasgiventoeachoneinagroupoffiftywomenandtheother listtothoseinanothergroupofthesamesize.Thewomenwereaskedtostudy theirlistsandthentodescribeasfarastheycouldthekindofwomen personalityandcharacterwhowoulddrawupthatshoppinglist.Nearlyhalf ofthosewhohadreceivedthelistincludinginstantcoffeedescribeda housewifewhowaslazyandapoorplanner.Ontheotherhandonlyonewomanin theothergroupdescribedthehousewifewhohadincludedregularcoffeeonher listaslazy;onlysixofthatgroupsuggestedthatshewasapoorplanner. Eightwomenfeltthattheinstant-coffeeuserwasprobablynotagoodwife!No oneintheothergroupdrewsuchaconclusionaboutthehousewifewhointended tobuyregularcoffee.Whichofthefollwingstatementsistrueabouttheresultofthetest
Fearsofmadcowdiseasespread 1theglobelastweek2South AfricaNewZealandandSingaporejoiningmostofBritain’sEuropeanUnion partnersin3importsofBritishbeef.InLondonsteak restaurantswereemptyfollwingtheMarch20announcementbyscientiststhat theyhadfounda4linkbetweenmadcowdiseasefrom Britishbeefanditshuman5Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseCJD.Effortstoreassureconsumersandgovernments proved6.FranceGermanyItalyFinlandandGreecewere amongcountrieswhichannouncedbans7Britishbeef shipments.AcommitteeofEUveterinaryexpertsmeetingin Brussels8newprotectivemeasuresbutsaidtransmission ofthediseasefromcattletohumanswasunprovenanddidnot9 ageneralbanonBritishbeefexports.Britain’sownmainconsumer groupadvisedpeopleto10beefiftheywantedtobe absolutelysureofnot11CJDwhichdestroysthebrainand isalways12.Coulditbeworsethan AIDSThestarkheadlineinFriday’sDailymailnewspaper encapsulatedthefearanduncertainty13Britain.CJD 14humansinthesamewaythatBSEmakescowsmad—by eatingawaynervecellsinthebrain15itlookslikea spongySwisscheese.Thediseaseisincurable.Victimsshow 16ofdementiaandmemorylossandusuallydie 17sixmonths.Littleisknown 18sureaboutthegroupofdiseasesknowncollectivelyas spongiformencephalopathieswhichexplains19some eminentscientistsarenotpreparedto20ahumanepidemic ofAIDS-likeproportions.
Text3 GeorgeBernardShaw1856—1950wasborn inDublinIreland.Attheageof14aftergraduatingfrommiddleschoolShaw wasputintoajobasclerkinalandagent’soffice.At20hewenttoLondon whereheremainedjoblessfor9yearsdevotingmuchtimetoself-education. MeantimeShawtookanactivepartinthesocialistmovement.Acontemporaryof Shaw’sthuswroteofhim:IusedtobeadailyfrequenteroftheBritishMuseum ReadingRoom.Evenmoreassiduousinhisattendancewasayoungman....My curiositywaspiquedbytheoddconjunctionofhissubjectsofresearch.Day afterdayforweekshehadbeforehimtwobooks—KarlMarx’s’DasKapital’in Frenchandanorchestralscore管弦乐乐谱of’TristanandIsolde’. ThoughShawadmittedMarx’sgreatinfluenceonhimhefailedtograspthe necessityofarevolutionaryreconstructionoftheworld.Astronginfluencewas exercisedonShawbytheFabiansocietytheEnglishreformist organization.IntheearlyperiodofhisliterarycareerShaw wrotesomenovelsAnUnsocialSocialistandothersinwhichhedevelopedthe traditionsofcriticalrealismbitterlycriticizingthestupiditysnobbishness andpettytyrannyofthemiddleclass.IntheninetiesShawturnedtothe theatrefirstworkingasadramaticcriticthenwritingplaysforthestage. Hisroleinthedevelopmentofdramaturgyisverygreat.Shawwasanenemyof artforart’ssake.Hewroteforart’ssakeIwillnotfacethetoilof writingasentence.Heusedthestagetocriticizetheevilsofcapitalism.He wrote51playsintotaltheimportantonesincludingWidower’sHousesSaint JoanandTheAppleCart.InhisplaysShawlaidbarethegrossinjusticeand utterinhumanityofthebourgeoissociety.Thisheachievednotsomuchbythe structuresofplotsinhisplaysasbythebrilliantdialoguesbetweenthe characters.Hisexposureofcapitalistsocietyisverysignificantanditplaces Shawamongthemostimportantrepresentativesofcriticalrealisminmodern Englishliterature.TheinferencewecandrawfromwhatacontemporaryofShaw’sisthat______.
Fearsofmadcowdiseasespread 1theglobelastweek2South AfricaNewZealandandSingaporejoiningmostofBritain’sEuropeanUnion partnersin3importsofBritishbeef.InLondonsteak restaurantswereemptyfollwingtheMarch20announcementbyscientiststhat theyhadfounda4linkbetweenmadcowdiseasefrom Britishbeefanditshuman5Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseCJD.Effortstoreassureconsumersandgovernments proved6.FranceGermanyItalyFinlandandGreecewere amongcountrieswhichannouncedbans7Britishbeef shipments.AcommitteeofEUveterinaryexpertsmeetingin Brussels8newprotectivemeasuresbutsaidtransmission ofthediseasefromcattletohumanswasunprovenanddidnot9 ageneralbanonBritishbeefexports.Britain’sownmainconsumer groupadvisedpeopleto10beefiftheywantedtobe absolutelysureofnot11CJDwhichdestroysthebrainand isalways12.Coulditbeworsethan AIDSThestarkheadlineinFriday’sDailymailnewspaper encapsulatedthefearanduncertainty13Britain.CJD 14humansinthesamewaythatBSEmakescowsmad—by eatingawaynervecellsinthebrain15itlookslikea spongySwisscheese.Thediseaseisincurable.Victimsshow 16ofdementiaandmemorylossandusuallydie 17sixmonths.Littleisknown 18sureaboutthegroupofdiseasesknowncollectivelyas spongiformencephalopathieswhichexplains19some eminentscientistsarenotpreparedto20ahumanepidemic ofAIDS-likeproportions.
Fearsofmadcowdiseasespread 1theglobelastweek2South AfricaNewZealandandSingaporejoiningmostofBritain’sEuropeanUnion partnersin3importsofBritishbeef.InLondonsteak restaurantswereemptyfollwingtheMarch20announcementbyscientiststhat theyhadfounda4linkbetweenmadcowdiseasefrom Britishbeefanditshuman5Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseCJD.Effortstoreassureconsumersandgovernments proved6.FranceGermanyItalyFinlandandGreecewere amongcountrieswhichannouncedbans7Britishbeef shipments.AcommitteeofEUveterinaryexpertsmeetingin Brussels8newprotectivemeasuresbutsaidtransmission ofthediseasefromcattletohumanswasunprovenanddidnot9 ageneralbanonBritishbeefexports.Britain’sownmainconsumer groupadvisedpeopleto10beefiftheywantedtobe absolutelysureofnot11CJDwhichdestroysthebrainand isalways12.Coulditbeworsethan AIDSThestarkheadlineinFriday’sDailymailnewspaper encapsulatedthefearanduncertainty13Britain.CJD 14humansinthesamewaythatBSEmakescowsmad—by eatingawaynervecellsinthebrain15itlookslikea spongySwisscheese.Thediseaseisincurable.Victimsshow 16ofdementiaandmemorylossandusuallydie 17sixmonths.Littleisknown 18sureaboutthegroupofdiseasesknowncollectivelyas spongiformencephalopathieswhichexplains19some eminentscientistsarenotpreparedto20ahumanepidemic ofAIDS-likeproportions.
Text1 InaninterviewlastmonthFrank ChurchchairmanoftheSenatecommitteethatisinvestigatingtheCIAissued anobliquebutimpassionedwarningthatthetechnologyofeavesdroppinghad becomesohighlydevelopedthatAmericansmightsoonbeleftwithnoplaceto hide.Thatdaymayhavearrived.Newsweekhaslearnedthatthecountry’smost secretintelligenceoperationtheNationalSecurityAgencyalreadypossesses thecomputerizedequipmenttomonitornearlyalloverseastelephonecallsand mostdomesticandinternationalprintedmessages.Theagency’s devicesmonitorthousandsoftelephonecircuitscablelinesandthemicrowave transmissonsthatcarryanincreasingshareofbothspokenandwritten communications.Computersareprogramedtowatchfortriggerwordsorphrases indicatingthatamessagemightinterestintelligenceanalysiswhenthetrigger ispulledentiremessagesaretape-recordedorprintedout. Thatkindofeavesdroppingishoweverrelativelysimplecomparedwith thebreakthroughsthatlieaheadinthefieldofsnoopery.Alreadyitis technicallyfeasibletobuganelectrictypewriterbypickingupitsfeeble electronicemissionsfromaremotelocationandthentranslatingtheminto words.Andsomescientistsbelievethatitmaybepossibleinthefuturefor remoteelectronicequipmenttointerceptandreadhumanbrainwaves. Wheresuchcapabilitiesexistsotoodoesthepotentialforabuse.Itis theoldstoryoftechnologyrushingforwardwithsomenewwonderbeforetheman whosupposedlycontrolthemachineshavefigureouthowtopreventthemachines fromcontrollingthem.ThewarninggivenbyFrankChurchis______.
从法律制定的角度看法律原则的作用有
Fearsofmadcowdiseasespread 1theglobelastweek2South AfricaNewZealandandSingaporejoiningmostofBritain’sEuropeanUnion partnersin3importsofBritishbeef.InLondonsteak restaurantswereemptyfollwingtheMarch20announcementbyscientiststhat theyhadfounda4linkbetweenmadcowdiseasefrom Britishbeefanditshuman5Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseCJD.Effortstoreassureconsumersandgovernments proved6.FranceGermanyItalyFinlandandGreecewere amongcountrieswhichannouncedbans7Britishbeef shipments.AcommitteeofEUveterinaryexpertsmeetingin Brussels8newprotectivemeasuresbutsaidtransmission ofthediseasefromcattletohumanswasunprovenanddidnot9 ageneralbanonBritishbeefexports.Britain’sownmainconsumer groupadvisedpeopleto10beefiftheywantedtobe absolutelysureofnot11CJDwhichdestroysthebrainand isalways12.Coulditbeworsethan AIDSThestarkheadlineinFriday’sDailymailnewspaper encapsulatedthefearanduncertainty13Britain.CJD 14humansinthesamewaythatBSEmakescowsmad—by eatingawaynervecellsinthebrain15itlookslikea spongySwisscheese.Thediseaseisincurable.Victimsshow 16ofdementiaandmemorylossandusuallydie 17sixmonths.Littleisknown 18sureaboutthegroupofdiseasesknowncollectivelyas spongiformencephalopathieswhichexplains19some eminentscientistsarenotpreparedto20ahumanepidemic ofAIDS-likeproportions.
有学者认为人权是__的出发点和归宿__说到底是人权的保障法试从__的特征和价值角度分析这一观点的合理性
Text1 InaninterviewlastmonthFrank ChurchchairmanoftheSenatecommitteethatisinvestigatingtheCIAissued anobliquebutimpassionedwarningthatthetechnologyofeavesdroppinghad becomesohighlydevelopedthatAmericansmightsoonbeleftwithnoplaceto hide.Thatdaymayhavearrived.Newsweekhaslearnedthatthecountry’smost secretintelligenceoperationtheNationalSecurityAgencyalreadypossesses thecomputerizedequipmenttomonitornearlyalloverseastelephonecallsand mostdomesticandinternationalprintedmessages.Theagency’s devicesmonitorthousandsoftelephonecircuitscablelinesandthemicrowave transmissonsthatcarryanincreasingshareofbothspokenandwritten communications.Computersareprogramedtowatchfortriggerwordsorphrases indicatingthatamessagemightinterestintelligenceanalysiswhenthetrigger ispulledentiremessagesaretape-recordedorprintedout. Thatkindofeavesdroppingishoweverrelativelysimplecomparedwith thebreakthroughsthatlieaheadinthefieldofsnoopery.Alreadyitis technicallyfeasibletobuganelectrictypewriterbypickingupitsfeeble electronicemissionsfromaremotelocationandthentranslatingtheminto words.Andsomescientistsbelievethatitmaybepossibleinthefuturefor remoteelectronicequipmenttointerceptandreadhumanbrainwaves. Wheresuchcapabilitiesexistsotoodoesthepotentialforabuse.Itis theoldstoryoftechnologyrushingforwardwithsomenewwonderbeforetheman whosupposedlycontrolthemachineshavefigureouthowtopreventthemachines fromcontrollingthem.Itcanbeinferredthat______.
如果说我国的无产阶级专政与人民民主专政在领导权阶级基础基本职能历史使命上基本是一致的为什么还要恢复人民民主专政的提法请分析原因
Text3 GeorgeBernardShaw1856—1950wasborn inDublinIreland.Attheageof14aftergraduatingfrommiddleschoolShaw wasputintoajobasclerkinalandagent’soffice.At20hewenttoLondon whereheremainedjoblessfor9yearsdevotingmuchtimetoself-education. MeantimeShawtookanactivepartinthesocialistmovement.Acontemporaryof Shaw’sthuswroteofhim:IusedtobeadailyfrequenteroftheBritishMuseum ReadingRoom.Evenmoreassiduousinhisattendancewasayoungman....My curiositywaspiquedbytheoddconjunctionofhissubjectsofresearch.Day afterdayforweekshehadbeforehimtwobooks—KarlMarx’s’DasKapital’in Frenchandanorchestralscore管弦乐乐谱of’TristanandIsolde’. ThoughShawadmittedMarx’sgreatinfluenceonhimhefailedtograspthe necessityofarevolutionaryreconstructionoftheworld.Astronginfluencewas exercisedonShawbytheFabiansocietytheEnglishreformist organization.IntheearlyperiodofhisliterarycareerShaw wrotesomenovelsAnUnsocialSocialistandothersinwhichhedevelopedthe traditionsofcriticalrealismbitterlycriticizingthestupiditysnobbishness andpettytyrannyofthemiddleclass.IntheninetiesShawturnedtothe theatrefirstworkingasadramaticcriticthenwritingplaysforthestage. Hisroleinthedevelopmentofdramaturgyisverygreat.Shawwasanenemyof artforart’ssake.Hewroteforart’ssakeIwillnotfacethetoilof writingasentence.Heusedthestagetocriticizetheevilsofcapitalism.He wrote51playsintotaltheimportantonesincludingWidower’sHousesSaint JoanandTheAppleCart.InhisplaysShawlaidbarethegrossinjusticeand utterinhumanityofthebourgeoissociety.Thisheachievednotsomuchbythe structuresofplotsinhisplaysasbythebrilliantdialoguesbetweenthe characters.Hisexposureofcapitalistsocietyisverysignificantanditplaces Shawamongthemostimportantrepresentativesofcriticalrealisminmodern Englishliterature.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue
41__________.Themysteryinvolvesachangeinthe atmoshpere—aholeorthinningoftheozoneintheatmosphereoverAntarctica. Scientistswerenotsurewhatwascausingit.42__________.It isfoundbothintheairwebreatheandintheupperatmosphere.Neartheearth ozoneintheairisadangertolife.Itisapollutant.Butozonefound10 kilometersto50kilometersupintheatmosphereprotectslifeonearth.Ozone formsintheatmospherethroughtheactionofsolarradiation.Onceformedthe ozoneblocksharmfulradiationfromreachingtheearth.Scientistssaya decreaseinozoneandanincreaseintheharmfulradiationwillcausemanymore casesofskincancerandwillharmcropsanimalsandfish.43 __________.Chlorineisreleasedintotheairfromthe chlorofluorocarbons—orCFCs—usedinplasticairconditionersandspraycans. TheuseofCFCshasgreatlyincreasedworldwidesince1960andiscontinuingto increase.Thedestructionoftheozoneintheatmospherealsohas increased.Aninternationaleffortisbeingmadetohaltthe lossofatmosphericozone.Butmanyexpertsfeartheeffortwillnotproduce resultsfastenoughtopreventharmtolifeonearth.Thirty-onenations negotiatedatreatylastyear1987callingforareductionintheworldwide productionofchlorofluorocarbons.Itwaspraisedatthetimeasamajorstepin haltingfurtherdestructionoftheozone.CutsinthepresentproductionofCFCs willbegininthemid-1990s.44__________. Harmfulchemicalstakefrom7to10yearstoriseupintotheatmosphere. DamagefromtheincreaseuseofCFCsinthispastdecadestillhasnotbeen felt.Governmentscientistssaymorethantwotimesthemountofthesegases willbeintheatmospherebeforethelevelsstoprising.45 __________.Scientistspointoutamoleculeofchlorineremainsinthe atmosphereforaslongas100years.Duringthattimeitdestroystensof thousandsofozonemolecules.[A]WhyhastheozoneproblemdevelopedNo oneknowsforsure.Butscientistssaytheevidenceisverystrongthatthe chlorineinchlorofluorocarbons含氯氟烃iscausingmuchoftheproblem.[B] Almost30yearsafterscientistsdiscoveredthatcommonindustrialgaseswere destroyingEarth’sprotectiveozonelayersatellitereadingsandground observationsshowforthefirsttimethatthedangerousrateofozonelossis finallyslowing.[C]Ozoneisathree-atomformofoxygengas.[D]There havebeensomenewdevelopmentsinacontinuingmysterywehavereportedabout manytimes.[E]Scientistsalsosaydamagetoozonewillcontinuebecauseof thelonglifeofthechemicalgasesreleasedintotheatmosphere.[F]The ozoneproblemcausedbyCFCswasfirstnoticedasearlyasthe1960s.[G] Howevermostscientistsnowagreedestructionoftheozonewillcontinuefor decades.Theysaythiswillhappeneventhoughindustriesandgovernmentsdo theirbesttocontrolthedamage.
Text3 GeorgeBernardShaw1856—1950wasborn inDublinIreland.Attheageof14aftergraduatingfrommiddleschoolShaw wasputintoajobasclerkinalandagent’soffice.At20hewenttoLondon whereheremainedjoblessfor9yearsdevotingmuchtimetoself-education. MeantimeShawtookanactivepartinthesocialistmovement.Acontemporaryof Shaw’sthuswroteofhim:IusedtobeadailyfrequenteroftheBritishMuseum ReadingRoom.Evenmoreassiduousinhisattendancewasayoungman....My curiositywaspiquedbytheoddconjunctionofhissubjectsofresearch.Day afterdayforweekshehadbeforehimtwobooks—KarlMarx’s’DasKapital’in Frenchandanorchestralscore管弦乐乐谱of’TristanandIsolde’. ThoughShawadmittedMarx’sgreatinfluenceonhimhefailedtograspthe necessityofarevolutionaryreconstructionoftheworld.Astronginfluencewas exercisedonShawbytheFabiansocietytheEnglishreformist organization.IntheearlyperiodofhisliterarycareerShaw wrotesomenovelsAnUnsocialSocialistandothersinwhichhedevelopedthe traditionsofcriticalrealismbitterlycriticizingthestupiditysnobbishness andpettytyrannyofthemiddleclass.IntheninetiesShawturnedtothe theatrefirstworkingasadramaticcriticthenwritingplaysforthestage. Hisroleinthedevelopmentofdramaturgyisverygreat.Shawwasanenemyof artforart’ssake.Hewroteforart’ssakeIwillnotfacethetoilof writingasentence.Heusedthestagetocriticizetheevilsofcapitalism.He wrote51playsintotaltheimportantonesincludingWidower’sHousesSaint JoanandTheAppleCart.InhisplaysShawlaidbarethegrossinjusticeand utterinhumanityofthebourgeoissociety.Thisheachievednotsomuchbythe structuresofplotsinhisplaysasbythebrilliantdialoguesbetweenthe characters.Hisexposureofcapitalistsocietyisverysignificantanditplaces Shawamongthemostimportantrepresentativesofcriticalrealisminmodern Englishliterature.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTcorrect
Text1 InaninterviewlastmonthFrank ChurchchairmanoftheSenatecommitteethatisinvestigatingtheCIAissued anobliquebutimpassionedwarningthatthetechnologyofeavesdroppinghad becomesohighlydevelopedthatAmericansmightsoonbeleftwithnoplaceto hide.Thatdaymayhavearrived.Newsweekhaslearnedthatthecountry’smost secretintelligenceoperationtheNationalSecurityAgencyalreadypossesses thecomputerizedequipmenttomonitornearlyalloverseastelephonecallsand mostdomesticandinternationalprintedmessages.Theagency’s devicesmonitorthousandsoftelephonecircuitscablelinesandthemicrowave transmissonsthatcarryanincreasingshareofbothspokenandwritten communications.Computersareprogramedtowatchfortriggerwordsorphrases indicatingthatamessagemightinterestintelligenceanalysiswhenthetrigger ispulledentiremessagesaretape-recordedorprintedout. Thatkindofeavesdroppingishoweverrelativelysimplecomparedwith thebreakthroughsthatlieaheadinthefieldofsnoopery.Alreadyitis technicallyfeasibletobuganelectrictypewriterbypickingupitsfeeble electronicemissionsfromaremotelocationandthentranslatingtheminto words.Andsomescientistsbelievethatitmaybepossibleinthefuturefor remoteelectronicequipmenttointerceptandreadhumanbrainwaves. Wheresuchcapabilitiesexistsotoodoesthepotentialforabuse.Itis theoldstoryoftechnologyrushingforwardwithsomenewwonderbeforetheman whosupposedlycontrolthemachineshavefigureouthowtopreventthemachines fromcontrollingthem.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage
Fearsofmadcowdiseasespread 1theglobelastweek2South AfricaNewZealandandSingaporejoiningmostofBritain’sEuropeanUnion partnersin3importsofBritishbeef.InLondonsteak restaurantswereemptyfollwingtheMarch20announcementbyscientiststhat theyhadfounda4linkbetweenmadcowdiseasefrom Britishbeefanditshuman5Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseCJD.Effortstoreassureconsumersandgovernments proved6.FranceGermanyItalyFinlandandGreecewere amongcountrieswhichannouncedbans7Britishbeef shipments.AcommitteeofEUveterinaryexpertsmeetingin Brussels8newprotectivemeasuresbutsaidtransmission ofthediseasefromcattletohumanswasunprovenanddidnot9 ageneralbanonBritishbeefexports.Britain’sownmainconsumer groupadvisedpeopleto10beefiftheywantedtobe absolutelysureofnot11CJDwhichdestroysthebrainand isalways12.Coulditbeworsethan AIDSThestarkheadlineinFriday’sDailymailnewspaper encapsulatedthefearanduncertainty13Britain.CJD 14humansinthesamewaythatBSEmakescowsmad—by eatingawaynervecellsinthebrain15itlookslikea spongySwisscheese.Thediseaseisincurable.Victimsshow 16ofdementiaandmemorylossandusuallydie 17sixmonths.Littleisknown 18sureaboutthegroupofdiseasesknowncollectivelyas spongiformencephalopathieswhichexplains19some eminentscientistsarenotpreparedto20ahumanepidemic ofAIDS-likeproportions.
Fearsofmadcowdiseasespread 1theglobelastweek2South AfricaNewZealandandSingaporejoiningmostofBritain’sEuropeanUnion partnersin3importsofBritishbeef.InLondonsteak restaurantswereemptyfollwingtheMarch20announcementbyscientiststhat theyhadfounda4linkbetweenmadcowdiseasefrom Britishbeefanditshuman5Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseCJD.Effortstoreassureconsumersandgovernments proved6.FranceGermanyItalyFinlandandGreecewere amongcountrieswhichannouncedbans7Britishbeef shipments.AcommitteeofEUveterinaryexpertsmeetingin Brussels8newprotectivemeasuresbutsaidtransmission ofthediseasefromcattletohumanswasunprovenanddidnot9 ageneralbanonBritishbeefexports.Britain’sownmainconsumer groupadvisedpeopleto10beefiftheywantedtobe absolutelysureofnot11CJDwhichdestroysthebrainand isalways12.Coulditbeworsethan AIDSThestarkheadlineinFriday’sDailymailnewspaper encapsulatedthefearanduncertainty13Britain.CJD 14humansinthesamewaythatBSEmakescowsmad—by eatingawaynervecellsinthebrain15itlookslikea spongySwisscheese.Thediseaseisincurable.Victimsshow 16ofdementiaandmemorylossandusuallydie 17sixmonths.Littleisknown 18sureaboutthegroupofdiseasesknowncollectivelyas spongiformencephalopathieswhichexplains19some eminentscientistsarenotpreparedto20ahumanepidemic ofAIDS-likeproportions.
有关西周时期刑法适用原则的表述正确的是
Fearsofmadcowdiseasespread 1theglobelastweek2South AfricaNewZealandandSingaporejoiningmostofBritain’sEuropeanUnion partnersin3importsofBritishbeef.InLondonsteak restaurantswereemptyfollwingtheMarch20announcementbyscientiststhat theyhadfounda4linkbetweenmadcowdiseasefrom Britishbeefanditshuman5Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseCJD.Effortstoreassureconsumersandgovernments proved6.FranceGermanyItalyFinlandandGreecewere amongcountrieswhichannouncedbans7Britishbeef shipments.AcommitteeofEUveterinaryexpertsmeetingin Brussels8newprotectivemeasuresbutsaidtransmission ofthediseasefromcattletohumanswasunprovenanddidnot9 ageneralbanonBritishbeefexports.Britain’sownmainconsumer groupadvisedpeopleto10beefiftheywantedtobe absolutelysureofnot11CJDwhichdestroysthebrainand isalways12.Coulditbeworsethan AIDSThestarkheadlineinFriday’sDailymailnewspaper encapsulatedthefearanduncertainty13Britain.CJD 14humansinthesamewaythatBSEmakescowsmad—by eatingawaynervecellsinthebrain15itlookslikea spongySwisscheese.Thediseaseisincurable.Victimsshow 16ofdementiaandmemorylossandusuallydie 17sixmonths.Littleisknown 18sureaboutthegroupofdiseasesknowncollectivelyas spongiformencephalopathieswhichexplains19some eminentscientistsarenotpreparedto20ahumanepidemic ofAIDS-likeproportions.
Text2 Theproducersofinstantcoffeefound theirproductstronglyresistedinthemarketplacesdespitetheirproduct’s manifestadvantages.Furthermoretheadvertisingexpenditureforinstantcoffee wasfargreaterthanthatforregularcoffee.Effortsweremadetofindthe causeoftheconsumers’seeminglyunreasonableresistancetotheproduct.The reasongivenbymostpeoplewasdislikeforthetaste.Theproducerssuspected thattheremightbedeeperreasonshowever.Thiswasconfirmedbyoneof motivationresearch’sclassicstudiesoneoftencitedinthetrade.Mason HaireoftheuniversityofCaliforniaconstructedtwoshoppingliststhatwere identicalexceptforoneitem.Thereweresixitemscommontobothlists: hamburgercarrotsbreadbakingpowdercannedpeachesandpotatoeswiththe brandsoramountsspecified.Theseventhiteminfifthplaceonbothlists read1lb.MaxwellHouseCoffeeononelistandNestleInstantCoffeeonthe other.Onelistwasgiventoeachoneinagroupoffiftywomenandtheother listtothoseinanothergroupofthesamesize.Thewomenwereaskedtostudy theirlistsandthentodescribeasfarastheycouldthekindofwomen personalityandcharacterwhowoulddrawupthatshoppinglist.Nearlyhalf ofthosewhohadreceivedthelistincludinginstantcoffeedescribeda housewifewhowaslazyandapoorplanner.Ontheotherhandonlyonewomanin theothergroupdescribedthehousewifewhohadincludedregularcoffeeonher listaslazy;onlysixofthatgroupsuggestedthatshewasapoorplanner. Eightwomenfeltthattheinstant-coffeeuserwasprobablynotagoodwife!No oneintheothergroupdrewsuchaconclusionaboutthehousewifewhointended tobuyregularcoffee.Whichofthefollowingwasconfirmedbythemotivationstudies
Fearsofmadcowdiseasespread 1theglobelastweek2South AfricaNewZealandandSingaporejoiningmostofBritain’sEuropeanUnion partnersin3importsofBritishbeef.InLondonsteak restaurantswereemptyfollwingtheMarch20announcementbyscientiststhat theyhadfounda4linkbetweenmadcowdiseasefrom Britishbeefanditshuman5Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseCJD.Effortstoreassureconsumersandgovernments proved6.FranceGermanyItalyFinlandandGreecewere amongcountrieswhichannouncedbans7Britishbeef shipments.AcommitteeofEUveterinaryexpertsmeetingin Brussels8newprotectivemeasuresbutsaidtransmission ofthediseasefromcattletohumanswasunprovenanddidnot9 ageneralbanonBritishbeefexports.Britain’sownmainconsumer groupadvisedpeopleto10beefiftheywantedtobe absolutelysureofnot11CJDwhichdestroysthebrainand isalways12.Coulditbeworsethan AIDSThestarkheadlineinFriday’sDailymailnewspaper encapsulatedthefearanduncertainty13Britain.CJD 14humansinthesamewaythatBSEmakescowsmad—by eatingawaynervecellsinthebrain15itlookslikea spongySwisscheese.Thediseaseisincurable.Victimsshow 16ofdementiaandmemorylossandusuallydie 17sixmonths.Littleisknown 18sureaboutthegroupofdiseasesknowncollectivelyas spongiformencephalopathieswhichexplains19some eminentscientistsarenotpreparedto20ahumanepidemic ofAIDS-likeproportions.
Text4 Inrecentyearstherehasbeenan increasingawarenessoftheinadequaciesofthejudicialsystemintheUnited States.Costsarestaggeringbothforthetaxpayersandthelitigants—andthe litigantsorpartieshavetowaitsometimesmanyyearsbeforehavingtheirday incourt.Manysuggestionshavebeenmadeconcerningmethodsofamelioratingthe situationbutasinmostbranchesofgovernmentchangescomeslowly. Onesuggestionthathasbeenmadeinordertomaximizetheefficiencyof thesystemistoallowdistrictsthathaveanoverabundanceofpendingcasesto borrowjudgesfromotherdistrictsthatdonothavesuchabacklog.Another suggestionistousepretrialconferencesinwhichthejudgemeetsinhis chamberswiththelitigantsandtheirattorneysinordertonarrowtheissues limitthewitnessesandprovideforamoreorderlytrial.Thetheorybehind pretrialconferencesisthatjudgeswillspendleastimeoneachcaseand partieswillmorereadilysettlebeforetrialwhentheyrealizetheadequacyof theirclaimsandtheiropponents’evidence.Unfortunatelyatleastonestudy hasshownthatpretrialconferencesactuallyusemorejudicialtimethanthey saverarelyresultinpretrialsettlementsandactuallyresultinhigher damagesettlements.Manystateshavenowestablishedanother methodsmall-claimscourtsinwhichcasesoversmallsumsofmoneycanbe disposedofwithconsiderabledispatch.Suchproceedingscostthelitigants almostnothing.InCaliforniaforexamplethepartiesmustappearbeforethe judgewithouttheassistanceofcounsel.Theproceedingsarequiteinformaland thereisnopleading—thelitigantsneedtomakeonlyaone-sentencestatementof theirclaim.Bygoingtothistypeofcourttheplaintiffwaivesanyrighttoa jurytrialandtherighttoappealthedecision.Incoming yearswecanexpecttoseemoreandmoreinnovationsinthecontinuingeffort toremedyasituationwhichmustberemediedifthecitizenswhohavevalid claimsaregoingtobeabletohavetheirdayin court.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage
41__________.Themysteryinvolvesachangeinthe atmoshpere—aholeorthinningoftheozoneintheatmosphereoverAntarctica. Scientistswerenotsurewhatwascausingit.42__________.It isfoundbothintheairwebreatheandintheupperatmosphere.Neartheearth ozoneintheairisadangertolife.Itisapollutant.Butozonefound10 kilometersto50kilometersupintheatmosphereprotectslifeonearth.Ozone formsintheatmospherethroughtheactionofsolarradiation.Onceformedthe ozoneblocksharmfulradiationfromreachingtheearth.Scientistssaya decreaseinozoneandanincreaseintheharmfulradiationwillcausemanymore casesofskincancerandwillharmcropsanimalsandfish.43 __________.Chlorineisreleasedintotheairfromthe chlorofluorocarbons—orCFCs—usedinplasticairconditionersandspraycans. TheuseofCFCshasgreatlyincreasedworldwidesince1960andiscontinuingto increase.Thedestructionoftheozoneintheatmospherealsohas increased.Aninternationaleffortisbeingmadetohaltthe lossofatmosphericozone.Butmanyexpertsfeartheeffortwillnotproduce resultsfastenoughtopreventharmtolifeonearth.Thirty-onenations negotiatedatreatylastyear1987callingforareductionintheworldwide productionofchlorofluorocarbons.Itwaspraisedatthetimeasamajorstepin haltingfurtherdestructionoftheozone.CutsinthepresentproductionofCFCs willbegininthemid-1990s.44__________. Harmfulchemicalstakefrom7to10yearstoriseupintotheatmosphere. DamagefromtheincreaseuseofCFCsinthispastdecadestillhasnotbeen felt.Governmentscientistssaymorethantwotimesthemountofthesegases willbeintheatmospherebeforethelevelsstoprising.45 __________.Scientistspointoutamoleculeofchlorineremainsinthe atmosphereforaslongas100years.Duringthattimeitdestroystensof thousandsofozonemolecules.[A]WhyhastheozoneproblemdevelopedNo oneknowsforsure.Butscientistssaytheevidenceisverystrongthatthe chlorineinchlorofluorocarbons含氯氟烃iscausingmuchoftheproblem.[B] Almost30yearsafterscientistsdiscoveredthatcommonindustrialgaseswere destroyingEarth’sprotectiveozonelayersatellitereadingsandground observationsshowforthefirsttimethatthedangerousrateofozonelossis finallyslowing.[C]Ozoneisathree-atomformofoxygengas.[D]There havebeensomenewdevelopmentsinacontinuingmysterywehavereportedabout manytimes.[E]Scientistsalsosaydamagetoozonewillcontinuebecauseof thelonglifeofthechemicalgasesreleasedintotheatmosphere.[F]The ozoneproblemcausedbyCFCswasfirstnoticedasearlyasthe1960s.[G] Howevermostscientistsnowagreedestructionoftheozonewillcontinuefor decades.Theysaythiswillhappeneventhoughindustriesandgovernmentsdo theirbesttocontrolthedamage.
Text4 Inrecentyearstherehasbeenan increasingawarenessoftheinadequaciesofthejudicialsystemintheUnited States.Costsarestaggeringbothforthetaxpayersandthelitigants—andthe litigantsorpartieshavetowaitsometimesmanyyearsbeforehavingtheirday incourt.Manysuggestionshavebeenmadeconcerningmethodsofamelioratingthe situationbutasinmostbranchesofgovernmentchangescomeslowly. Onesuggestionthathasbeenmadeinordertomaximizetheefficiencyof thesystemistoallowdistrictsthathaveanoverabundanceofpendingcasesto borrowjudgesfromotherdistrictsthatdonothavesuchabacklog.Another suggestionistousepretrialconferencesinwhichthejudgemeetsinhis chamberswiththelitigantsandtheirattorneysinordertonarrowtheissues limitthewitnessesandprovideforamoreorderlytrial.Thetheorybehind pretrialconferencesisthatjudgeswillspendleastimeoneachcaseand partieswillmorereadilysettlebeforetrialwhentheyrealizetheadequacyof theirclaimsandtheiropponents’evidence.Unfortunatelyatleastonestudy hasshownthatpretrialconferencesactuallyusemorejudicialtimethanthey saverarelyresultinpretrialsettlementsandactuallyresultinhigher damagesettlements.Manystateshavenowestablishedanother methodsmall-claimscourtsinwhichcasesoversmallsumsofmoneycanbe disposedofwithconsiderabledispatch.Suchproceedingscostthelitigants almostnothing.InCaliforniaforexamplethepartiesmustappearbeforethe judgewithouttheassistanceofcounsel.Theproceedingsarequiteinformaland thereisnopleading—thelitigantsneedtomakeonlyaone-sentencestatementof theirclaim.Bygoingtothistypeofcourttheplaintiffwaivesanyrighttoa jurytrialandtherighttoappealthedecision.Incoming yearswecanexpecttoseemoreandmoreinnovationsinthecontinuingeffort toremedyasituationwhichmustberemediedifthecitizenswhohavevalid claimsaregoingtobeabletohavetheirdayin court.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutsmall-claimscourts
41__________.Themysteryinvolvesachangeinthe atmoshpere—aholeorthinningoftheozoneintheatmosphereoverAntarctica. Scientistswerenotsurewhatwascausingit.42__________.It isfoundbothintheairwebreatheandintheupperatmosphere.Neartheearth ozoneintheairisadangertolife.Itisapollutant.Butozonefound10 kilometersto50kilometersupintheatmosphereprotectslifeonearth.Ozone formsintheatmospherethroughtheactionofsolarradiation.Onceformedthe ozoneblocksharmfulradiationfromreachingtheearth.Scientistssaya decreaseinozoneandanincreaseintheharmfulradiationwillcausemanymore casesofskincancerandwillharmcropsanimalsandfish.43 __________.Chlorineisreleasedintotheairfromthe chlorofluorocarbons—orCFCs—usedinplasticairconditionersandspraycans. TheuseofCFCshasgreatlyincreasedworldwidesince1960andiscontinuingto increase.Thedestructionoftheozoneintheatmospherealsohas increased.Aninternationaleffortisbeingmadetohaltthe lossofatmosphericozone.Butmanyexpertsfeartheeffortwillnotproduce resultsfastenoughtopreventharmtolifeonearth.Thirty-onenations negotiatedatreatylastyear1987callingforareductionintheworldwide productionofchlorofluorocarbons.Itwaspraisedatthetimeasamajorstepin haltingfurtherdestructionoftheozone.CutsinthepresentproductionofCFCs willbegininthemid-1990s.44__________. Harmfulchemicalstakefrom7to10yearstoriseupintotheatmosphere. DamagefromtheincreaseuseofCFCsinthispastdecadestillhasnotbeen felt.Governmentscientistssaymorethantwotimesthemountofthesegases willbeintheatmospherebeforethelevelsstoprising.45 __________.Scientistspointoutamoleculeofchlorineremainsinthe atmosphereforaslongas100years.Duringthattimeitdestroystensof thousandsofozonemolecules.[A]WhyhastheozoneproblemdevelopedNo oneknowsforsure.Butscientistssaytheevidenceisverystrongthatthe chlorineinchlorofluorocarbons含氯氟烃iscausingmuchoftheproblem.[B] Almost30yearsafterscientistsdiscoveredthatcommonindustrialgaseswere destroyingEarth’sprotectiveozonelayersatellitereadingsandground observationsshowforthefirsttimethatthedangerousrateofozonelossis finallyslowing.[C]Ozoneisathree-atomformofoxygengas.[D]There havebeensomenewdevelopmentsinacontinuingmysterywehavereportedabout manytimes.[E]Scientistsalsosaydamagetoozonewillcontinuebecauseof thelonglifeofthechemicalgasesreleasedintotheatmosphere.[F]The ozoneproblemcausedbyCFCswasfirstnoticedasearlyasthe1960s.[G] Howevermostscientistsnowagreedestructionoftheozonewillcontinuefor decades.Theysaythiswillhappeneventhoughindustriesandgovernmentsdo theirbesttocontrolthedamage.
简述法律规则与规范性法律文件法律条文的联系与区别
Fearsofmadcowdiseasespread 1theglobelastweek2South AfricaNewZealandandSingaporejoiningmostofBritain’sEuropeanUnion partnersin3importsofBritishbeef.InLondonsteak restaurantswereemptyfollwingtheMarch20announcementbyscientiststhat theyhadfounda4linkbetweenmadcowdiseasefrom Britishbeefanditshuman5Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseCJD.Effortstoreassureconsumersandgovernments proved6.FranceGermanyItalyFinlandandGreecewere amongcountrieswhichannouncedbans7Britishbeef shipments.AcommitteeofEUveterinaryexpertsmeetingin Brussels8newprotectivemeasuresbutsaidtransmission ofthediseasefromcattletohumanswasunprovenanddidnot9 ageneralbanonBritishbeefexports.Britain’sownmainconsumer groupadvisedpeopleto10beefiftheywantedtobe absolutelysureofnot11CJDwhichdestroysthebrainand isalways12.Coulditbeworsethan AIDSThestarkheadlineinFriday’sDailymailnewspaper encapsulatedthefearanduncertainty13Britain.CJD 14humansinthesamewaythatBSEmakescowsmad—by eatingawaynervecellsinthebrain15itlookslikea spongySwisscheese.Thediseaseisincurable.Victimsshow 16ofdementiaandmemorylossandusuallydie 17sixmonths.Littleisknown 18sureaboutthegroupofdiseasesknowncollectivelyas spongiformencephalopathieswhichexplains19some eminentscientistsarenotpreparedto20ahumanepidemic ofAIDS-likeproportions.
执法的主要原则包括
Fearsofmadcowdiseasespread 1theglobelastweek2South AfricaNewZealandandSingaporejoiningmostofBritain’sEuropeanUnion partnersin3importsofBritishbeef.InLondonsteak restaurantswereemptyfollwingtheMarch20announcementbyscientiststhat theyhadfounda4linkbetweenmadcowdiseasefrom Britishbeefanditshuman5Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseCJD.Effortstoreassureconsumersandgovernments proved6.FranceGermanyItalyFinlandandGreecewere amongcountrieswhichannouncedbans7Britishbeef shipments.AcommitteeofEUveterinaryexpertsmeetingin Brussels8newprotectivemeasuresbutsaidtransmission ofthediseasefromcattletohumanswasunprovenanddidnot9 ageneralbanonBritishbeefexports.Britain’sownmainconsumer groupadvisedpeopleto10beefiftheywantedtobe absolutelysureofnot11CJDwhichdestroysthebrainand isalways12.Coulditbeworsethan AIDSThestarkheadlineinFriday’sDailymailnewspaper encapsulatedthefearanduncertainty13Britain.CJD 14humansinthesamewaythatBSEmakescowsmad—by eatingawaynervecellsinthebrain15itlookslikea spongySwisscheese.Thediseaseisincurable.Victimsshow 16ofdementiaandmemorylossandusuallydie 17sixmonths.Littleisknown 18sureaboutthegroupofdiseasesknowncollectivelyas spongiformencephalopathieswhichexplains19some eminentscientistsarenotpreparedto20ahumanepidemic ofAIDS-likeproportions.
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