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C AmongvariousprogrammesTVtalkshowshavecoveredeveryinchofspaceon daytimetelevision.Andanyonewhowatchesthemregularlyknowsthateachoneis differentinstyle风格.Butnotwoshowsaremoreoppositeincontentwhileatthesame timestandingoutabovetherestthantheJerrySpringerandtheOprahWinfreyshows. JerrySpringercouldeasilybeconsideredthekingofrubbishtalk.Thecontentsonhis showareassurprisingascanbe.Forexampletheshowtakestheever-commontalk showtitlesoflovesexcheatingandhatetoadifferentlevel.ClearlytheJerrySpringer showisaboutthedarksideofsocietyyetpeoplearewillingtoeatupthetroublesofother people‘slives. LikeJerrySpringerOprahWinfreytakesTVtalkshowtoitstopbutOprahgoesinthe oppositedirection.Theshowismainlyabouttheimprovementofsocietyanddifferent qualityoflife.Contentsarefromteachingyourchildrenlessonsmanagingyourworkweek togettingtoknowyourneighbors. ComparedtoOprahtheJerrySpringershowlookslikepoisonouswastebeingpoured intosociety.Jerryendseveryshowwithafinalword.Hemakesasmallspeechaboutthe entireideaoftheshow.Hopefullythisisthepartwheremostpeoplewilllearnsomething veryvaluable. CleanasitistheOprahshowisnotforeveryone.Theshow‘smainviewersare middleclassAmericans.Mostofthesepeoplehavethetimemoneyandabilitytodealwith life‘stougherproblems.JerrySpringerontheotherhandhasmoreofaconnectionwith theyoungadultsofsociety.Theseare18-to-21-year-oldswhosemaintroublesinlife includeloverelationshipsexmoneyanddrug.Theyaretheoneswhoseesomevalue andlessonstobelearnedthroughtheshow‘sexploitation. Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthetwotalkshows_______.
InthedaysofSamuelClemensbetterknownasMarkTwainlifeonasteamboatontheMississippiRiverwas41.Oneofthemostexciting42ofthatperiodwasarac43twoofthefastestriverboats. TheNatchezhadsteameduptheriverfromNewOrleanstoSt.Louisinthreedaystwenty-onehoursandfifty-eightminutes.JohnCannon44oftheRobertE.Leefeltsurethathecould45thistimeandchallengedthecaptainoftheNatchez.46hisboatlightCaptainCannon47nopassengers48;hedidnot49theusualgoods.Moreoverhehadcrewswithsuppliesofcoalwaitingonfloatsalongtheriversothattheboatwouldnothavetoputittoshorefor50. TheracebeganonJune301870.BeinglighterthantheNatcheztheLeejumpedintoanearlylead.Forthreedaystheracecontinued51theboatstravellingatfullsteam.Theywere52eachotherthewholetime53shortspaceswhenbendsintheriverhidoneortheotherfromview. ThenonlyafewhoursfromitsgoaltheNatchez54arockandranaground搁浅. TheLeesteamedproudlyintoSt.LouisinexactlythreedayseighteenhoursandthirtyminutesaftershehadleftNewOrleans.Bellrangandpeoplecalled55theboatnamedafterthegeneral56asanarmyengineerhadpreventedtheriverfromchangingitscourseandSt.Louis57becominganinlandtown.TheLee58agoodrecord---onethatbroughthonortoallrivermen.Howeverthegreatdayoftheriversteamerswasdrawingto59.The60wonthepassengerandgoodsbusinessfromtheriverboats. Thereareboatsontherivertoday.ButtheyarenotthewhitebirdsthatattractedyoungSamuelClemens.
1.DriverWanted 1Cleandrivinglicense. 2Mustbeofsmartappearance. 3Agedover25. Applyto:CapesTaxis17PalaceRoadBoston. parking.2.AirHostessesforInternationalFlightsWanted 1Applicantsmustbebetween20and33yearsold. 2Height1.6mto1.75m. 3EducationtoGCSEstandard. 4Twolanguages.Mustbeabletoswim.Applyto:RecruitmentofficeSouthernAirlineHeathrowAirportWest.HR37KK 3.TeacherNeededForprivatelanguageschool.Teachingexperienceunnecessary. Applyto:TheDirectorofStudiesInstantLanguageLtd279CanalStreetBoston. WhatpreventsMaryaged25becominganairhostessforinternationalflights
Ourlunchbreakfrom11:50AMto1:40PM.Weare86._______________ likebirdthataresetfreefromourcage.Thefirstthing87._______________ wedoisrushtothefieldtohavethelunch.Studentsbring88._______________ outwhattheyprepareinthemorningforlunchthings89._______________ suchasbreadcarrotsdrinksetc.Atlunchstudentswhoget90.______________ intothreegroupsaccordingtotheirlikingeverydoingtheir91.______________ ownthings.Thefirstgroupofstudentsliketositinthefield92._____________ havinglunchandtalking.Theyeatveryslowandtalkabout93._____________ thenewshomeworketc.Idon’tfinditexcitedatall.94._______________ ThatisbecauseIdon’tusuallyeatlunchwiththem.95._____________
InthedaysofSamuelClemensbetterknownasMarkTwainlifeonasteamboatontheMississippiRiverwas41.Oneofthemostexciting42ofthatperiodwasarac43twoofthefastestriverboats. TheNatchezhadsteameduptheriverfromNewOrleanstoSt.Louisinthreedaystwenty-onehoursandfifty-eightminutes.JohnCannon44oftheRobertE.Leefeltsurethathecould45thistimeandchallengedthecaptainoftheNatchez.46hisboatlightCaptainCannon47nopassengers48;hedidnot49theusualgoods.Moreoverhehadcrewswithsuppliesofcoalwaitingonfloatsalongtheriversothattheboatwouldnothavetoputittoshorefor50. TheracebeganonJune301870.BeinglighterthantheNatcheztheLeejumpedintoanearlylead.Forthreedaystheracecontinued51theboatstravellingatfullsteam.Theywere52eachotherthewholetime53shortspaceswhenbendsintheriverhidoneortheotherfromview. ThenonlyafewhoursfromitsgoaltheNatchez54arockandranaground搁浅. TheLeesteamedproudlyintoSt.LouisinexactlythreedayseighteenhoursandthirtyminutesaftershehadleftNewOrleans.Bellrangandpeoplecalled55theboatnamedafterthegeneral56asanarmyengineerhadpreventedtheriverfromchangingitscourseandSt.Louis57becominganinlandtown.TheLee58agoodrecord---onethatbroughthonortoallrivermen.Howeverthegreatdayoftheriversteamerswasdrawingto59.The60wonthepassengerandgoodsbusinessfromtheriverboats. Thereareboatsontherivertoday.ButtheyarenotthewhitebirdsthatattractedyoungSamuelClemens.
F Wemightmarvelattheprogressmadeineveryfieldofstudybutthemethodsoftestingaperson’sknowledgeandabilityremainasprimitiveasevertheywere.Itreallyisextraordinarythatafteralltheseyearseducationistshavestillfailedtodeviceanythingmoreefficientandreliablethanexaminations.Forallthepiousclaimthatexaminationstestwhatyouknowitiscommonknowledgethattheymoreoftendotheexactopposite.Theymaybeagoodmeansoftestingmemoryortheknackofworkingrapidlyunderextremepressurebuttheycantellyounothingaboutaperson’strueabilityandaptitude. Asanxiety-makersexaminationsaresecondtonone.Thatisbecausesomuchdependsonthem.Theyarethemarkofsuccessorfailureinoursociety.Yourwholefuture maybedecidedinonefatefulday.Itdoesn’tmatterthatyouweren’tfeelingverywellorthatyourmotherdied.Littlethingslikethatdon’tcount:theexamgoeson.Noonecangiveoffhisbestwhenheisinmortalterrororafterasleeplessnightyetthisispreciselywhattheexaminationsystemexpectshimtodo.Themomentachildbeginsschoolheentersaworldofviciouscompetitionwheresuccessandfailureareclearlydefinedandmeasured. Canwewonderattheincreasingnumberof‘drop-outs’:youngpeoplewhoarewrittenoffasutterfailuresbeforetheyhaveevenembarkedonacareerCanwebesurprisedatthesuiciderateamongstudents Agoodeducationshouldamongotherthingstrainyoutothinkforyourself.The examinationsystemdoesanythingbutthat.Whathastobelearntisrigidlylaiddownbyasyllabussothestudentisencouragedtomemorize.Examinationsdonotmotivateastudenttoreadwidelybuttorestricthisreading;theydonotenablehimtoseekmoreandmoreknowledgebutinducecramming.Theylowerthestandardsofteachingfortheydeprivetheteacherofallfreedoms.Teachersthemselvesareoftenjudgedbyexaminationresultsandinsteadofteachingtheirsubjectstheyarereducedtotrainingtheirstudentsinexamtechniqueswhichtheydespise.Themostsuccessfulcandidatesarenotalwaysthebesteducated;theyarethebesttrainedinthetechniqueofworkingunderduress. Theresultsonwhichsomuchdependsareoftennothingmorethanasubjectiveassessmentbysomeanonymousexaminer.Examinersareonlyhuman.Theygettiredandhungry;theymakemistakes.Yettheyhavetomarkstacksofhastilyscrawledscriptsinalimitedamountoftime.Theyworkunderthesamesortofpressureasthecandidates.Andtheirwordcarriesweight.Afterajudge’sdecisionyouhavetherightofappealbutnotafteranexaminer’s.Theremustsurelybemanysimplerandmoreeffectivewaysofassessingaperson’strueabilities.IsitcynicaltosuggestthatexaminationsaremerelyaprofitablebusinessfortheinstitutionsthatrunthemThisiswhatitboilsdowntointhelastanalysis. Thebestcommentonthesystemisthisilliteratemessagerecentlyscrawledonawall:‘Iwereateenagedrop-outandnowIareateenagemillionaire.’ Theauthor’sattitudetowardexaminationsis_______.
InthedaysofSamuelClemensbetterknownasMarkTwainlifeonasteamboatontheMississippiRiverwas41.Oneofthemostexciting42ofthatperiodwasarac43twoofthefastestriverboats. TheNatchezhadsteameduptheriverfromNewOrleanstoSt.Louisinthreedaystwenty-onehoursandfifty-eightminutes.JohnCannon44oftheRobertE.Leefeltsurethathecould45thistimeandchallengedthecaptainoftheNatchez.46hisboatlightCaptainCannon47nopassengers48;hedidnot49theusualgoods.Moreoverhehadcrewswithsuppliesofcoalwaitingonfloatsalongtheriversothattheboatwouldnothavetoputittoshorefor50. TheracebeganonJune301870.BeinglighterthantheNatcheztheLeejumpedintoanearlylead.Forthreedaystheracecontinued51theboatstravellingatfullsteam.Theywere52eachotherthewholetime53shortspaceswhenbendsintheriverhidoneortheotherfromview. ThenonlyafewhoursfromitsgoaltheNatchez54arockandranaground搁浅. TheLeesteamedproudlyintoSt.LouisinexactlythreedayseighteenhoursandthirtyminutesaftershehadleftNewOrleans.Bellrangandpeoplecalled55theboatnamedafterthegeneral56asanarmyengineerhadpreventedtheriverfromchangingitscourseandSt.Louis57becominganinlandtown.TheLee58agoodrecord---onethatbroughthonortoallrivermen.Howeverthegreatdayoftheriversteamerswasdrawingto59.The60wonthepassengerandgoodsbusinessfromtheriverboats. Thereareboatsontherivertoday.ButtheyarenotthewhitebirdsthatattractedyoungSamuelClemens.
B Anewperiodiscoming.Callitwhatyouwill:theserviceindustrytheinformationage theknowledgesociety.Italltranslatestoagreatchangeinthewaywework.Alreadywe’re partlytherethepercentageofpeoplewhoearntheirlivingbymakingthingshasfallen sharplyintheWesternWorld.TodaythemajorityofjobsinAmericaEuropeandJapan twothirdsormoreareinmanyofthesecountriesareintheserviceindustryandthe numberisontherise.Morewomenareintheworkforcethaneverbefore.Therearemore part-timejobs.Morepeopleareself-employed.Butthebreathofthegreatchangecan’tbe measuredbynumbersalonebecauseitalsoisgivingrisetonewwayofthinkingaboutthe natureofworkitself.Long-heldopinionsaboutjobsandcareerstheskillsneededto succeedeventherelationbetweenworkersandemployers—allthesearebeingdoubted. Wehaveonlytolookbehindustogetsomesenseofwhatmaylieahead.Noone lookingahead20yearspossiblycouldhaveseenthewaysinwhichasingleinventionthe chip芯片wouldchangeourworldthankstoitsusesinpersonalcomputersandfactory equipment.Tomorrow’sachievementsinbiotechnologyorevensomestillunimagined technologycouldproduceasimilarwaveofgreatchanges.Butonethingiscertain: informationandknowledgewillbecomeevenmoreimportantandthepeoplewhoownit whethertheyworkinfactoriesorserviceswillhavetheadvantageandproducethewealth. Computerknowledgewillbecomeasbasicarequirementastheabilitytoreadandwrite. Theabilitytodealwithproblemsbymakinguseofinformationinsteadofperforming regulartaskswillbevaluedaboveallelse.Ifyoulookahead10yearsinformationservice willbeleadingtheway.Itwillbethewayyoudoyourjob. Informationagemeans_____________.
InthedaysofSamuelClemensbetterknownasMarkTwainlifeonasteamboatontheMississippiRiverwas41.Oneofthemostexciting42ofthatperiodwasarac43twoofthefastestriverboats. TheNatchezhadsteameduptheriverfromNewOrleanstoSt.Louisinthreedaystwenty-onehoursandfifty-eightminutes.JohnCannon44oftheRobertE.Leefeltsurethathecould45thistimeandchallengedthecaptainoftheNatchez.46hisboatlightCaptainCannon47nopassengers48;hedidnot49theusualgoods.Moreoverhehadcrewswithsuppliesofcoalwaitingonfloatsalongtheriversothattheboatwouldnothavetoputittoshorefor50. TheracebeganonJune301870.BeinglighterthantheNatcheztheLeejumpedintoanearlylead.Forthreedaystheracecontinued51theboatstravellingatfullsteam.Theywere52eachotherthewholetime53shortspaceswhenbendsintheriverhidoneortheotherfromview. ThenonlyafewhoursfromitsgoaltheNatchez54arockandranaground搁浅. TheLeesteamedproudlyintoSt.LouisinexactlythreedayseighteenhoursandthirtyminutesaftershehadleftNewOrleans.Bellrangandpeoplecalled55theboatnamedafterthegeneral56asanarmyengineerhadpreventedtheriverfromchangingitscourseandSt.Louis57becominganinlandtown.TheLee58agoodrecord---onethatbroughthonortoallrivermen.Howeverthegreatdayoftheriversteamerswasdrawingto59.The60wonthepassengerandgoodsbusinessfromtheriverboats. Thereareboatsontherivertoday.ButtheyarenotthewhitebirdsthatattractedyoungSamuelClemens.
E Policefiredteargasandarrestedmorethan5000passivelyresistingprotestorsFridayinanattempttobreakupthelargestantinucleardemonstrationeverstagedintheUnitedStates.Morethan135000demonstratorsconfrontedpoliceontheconstructionsiteofa1000-megawattnuclearpowerplantscheduledtoprovidepowertomostofsouthernNewHampshire.Organizersofthehugedemonstrationsaidtheprotestwascontinuingdespitethepoliceactions.Moredemonstratorswerearrivingtokeepupthepressureonstateauthoritiestocanceltheproject.Thedemonstratorhadchargedthattheprojectwasunsafeinthedenselypopulatedareawouldcreatethermalpollutioninthebayandhadnoacceptablemeansfordisposingofitsradioactivewasters.Thedemonstrationswouldgoonuntilthejailsandthecourtsweresooverloadedthatthestatejudicialsystemwouldcollapse. GovernorStanforthThumperinsistedthattherewouldbenoreconsiderationofthe powerprojectandnodelayinitsconstructionsetforcompletioninthreeyears.Thisprojectwillbeginontimeandthepeopleofthisstatewillbegintoreceiveitsbenefitsonschedule.Thosewhobreakthelawinmisguidedattemptstosabotagetheprojectwillbedealtwithaccordingtothelawhesaid.Andpolicecalledinreinforcementsfromalloverthestatetohandlethedisturbances. TheprotestsbeganbeforedawnFridaywhenseveralthousanddemonstratorsbrokethroughpolicelinesaroundthecordoned-offconstructionsite.TheycarriedplacardsthatreadNoNukesisGoodNukesSunpowerNotNuclearPowerandStopPrivateProfitsfromPublicPeril.Theydefiedpoliceordertomovefromthearea.Teargascanistersfiredbypolicefailedtodislodgetheprotestorswhohadcomepreparedwiththeirowngasmasksorfacecloths.Finallygas-maskedandhelmetedpolicechargedintothecrowdtodragoffthedemonstratorsonebyone.Theprotestorsdidnotresistpolicebutrefusedtowalkawayundertheirownpower.Thosearrestedwouldbechargedwithunlawfulassemblytrespassinganddisturbingthepeace. WhichofthefollowingwasNOTmentionedasareasonforthedemonstration
Ourlunchbreakfrom11:50AMto1:40PM.Weare86._______________ likebirdthataresetfreefromourcage.Thefirstthing87._______________ wedoisrushtothefieldtohavethelunch.Studentsbring88._______________ outwhattheyprepareinthemorningforlunchthings89._______________ suchasbreadcarrotsdrinksetc.Atlunchstudentswhoget90.______________ intothreegroupsaccordingtotheirlikingeverydoingtheir91.______________ ownthings.Thefirstgroupofstudentsliketositinthefield92._____________ havinglunchandtalking.Theyeatveryslowandtalkabout93._____________ thenewshomeworketc.Idon’tfinditexcitedatall.94._______________ ThatisbecauseIdon’tusuallyeatlunchwiththem.95._____________
C AmongvariousprogrammesTVtalkshowshavecoveredeveryinchofspaceon daytimetelevision.Andanyonewhowatchesthemregularlyknowsthateachoneis differentinstyle风格.Butnotwoshowsaremoreoppositeincontentwhileatthesame timestandingoutabovetherestthantheJerrySpringerandtheOprahWinfreyshows. JerrySpringercouldeasilybeconsideredthekingofrubbishtalk.Thecontentsonhis showareassurprisingascanbe.Forexampletheshowtakestheever-commontalk showtitlesoflovesexcheatingandhatetoadifferentlevel.ClearlytheJerrySpringer showisaboutthedarksideofsocietyyetpeoplearewillingtoeatupthetroublesofother people‘slives. LikeJerrySpringerOprahWinfreytakesTVtalkshowtoitstopbutOprahgoesinthe oppositedirection.Theshowismainlyabouttheimprovementofsocietyanddifferent qualityoflife.Contentsarefromteachingyourchildrenlessonsmanagingyourworkweek togettingtoknowyourneighbors. ComparedtoOprahtheJerrySpringershowlookslikepoisonouswastebeingpoured intosociety.Jerryendseveryshowwithafinalword.Hemakesasmallspeechaboutthe entireideaoftheshow.Hopefullythisisthepartwheremostpeoplewilllearnsomething veryvaluable. CleanasitistheOprahshowisnotforeveryone.Theshow‘smainviewersare middleclassAmericans.Mostofthesepeoplehavethetimemoneyandabilitytodealwith life‘stougherproblems.JerrySpringerontheotherhandhasmoreofaconnectionwith theyoungadultsofsociety.Theseare18-to-21-year-oldswhosemaintroublesinlife includeloverelationshipsexmoneyanddrug.Theyaretheoneswhoseesomevalue andlessonstobelearnedthroughtheshow‘sexploitation. ThoughthesocialproblemsJerrySpringertalksaboutappearunpleasantpeoplewho watchtheshows_____.
—Accordingtotheweatherreportthetemperaturetomorrowwillriseup_______22 degreescentigrade. —Ohit’squitehot________December.
InthedaysofSamuelClemensbetterknownasMarkTwainlifeonasteamboatontheMississippiRiverwas41.Oneofthemostexciting42ofthatperiodwasarac43twoofthefastestriverboats. TheNatchezhadsteameduptheriverfromNewOrleanstoSt.Louisinthreedaystwenty-onehoursandfifty-eightminutes.JohnCannon44oftheRobertE.Leefeltsurethathecould45thistimeandchallengedthecaptainoftheNatchez.46hisboatlightCaptainCannon47nopassengers48;hedidnot49theusualgoods.Moreoverhehadcrewswithsuppliesofcoalwaitingonfloatsalongtheriversothattheboatwouldnothavetoputittoshorefor50. TheracebeganonJune301870.BeinglighterthantheNatcheztheLeejumpedintoanearlylead.Forthreedaystheracecontinued51theboatstravellingatfullsteam.Theywere52eachotherthewholetime53shortspaceswhenbendsintheriverhidoneortheotherfromview. ThenonlyafewhoursfromitsgoaltheNatchez54arockandranaground搁浅. TheLeesteamedproudlyintoSt.LouisinexactlythreedayseighteenhoursandthirtyminutesaftershehadleftNewOrleans.Bellrangandpeoplecalled55theboatnamedafterthegeneral56asanarmyengineerhadpreventedtheriverfromchangingitscourseandSt.Louis57becominganinlandtown.TheLee58agoodrecord---onethatbroughthonortoallrivermen.Howeverthegreatdayoftheriversteamerswasdrawingto59.The60wonthepassengerandgoodsbusinessfromtheriverboats. Thereareboatsontherivertoday.ButtheyarenotthewhitebirdsthatattractedyoungSamuelClemens.
Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey’realwayscominginforcriticism.Theircriticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround.It’siniquitoustheysaythatthisentirelyunproductiveindustryifwecancallitthatshouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoestoshowhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon’ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoodsAfterallit’stheconsumerwhopays Thepooroldconsumer!He’dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn’tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashingmachineitismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformancepriceetc.fromanadvertisement. Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisementsbutthisclaimmaybe seriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenaretoo!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements.WouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaybyelawswhilewaitingforatrainWouldyouliketoreadonlycloselyprintedcolumnsofnewsinyourdailypaperAcheerfulwittyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofthedailyrationofcalamities. Wemustnotforgeteitherthatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets. Newspaperscommercialradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaperorcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogrammesisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice! Anotherthingwemustn’tforgetisthesmallads.whichareinvirtuallyevery newspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendouslyusefulservicetheyperformforthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbeaccomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstanceyoucanfindajobbuyorsellahouseannounceabirthmarriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthe‘hatchmatchanddispatch’columnbutbyfarthemostfascinatingsectionisthepersonaloragonycolumn.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuchentertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It’sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis! Theattitudeoftheauthortowardadvertisersis_______.
E Policefiredteargasandarrestedmorethan5000passivelyresistingprotestorsFridayinanattempttobreakupthelargestantinucleardemonstrationeverstagedintheUnitedStates.Morethan135000demonstratorsconfrontedpoliceontheconstructionsiteofa1000-megawattnuclearpowerplantscheduledtoprovidepowertomostofsouthernNewHampshire.Organizersofthehugedemonstrationsaidtheprotestwascontinuingdespitethepoliceactions.Moredemonstratorswerearrivingtokeepupthepressureonstateauthoritiestocanceltheproject.Thedemonstratorhadchargedthattheprojectwasunsafeinthedenselypopulatedareawouldcreatethermalpollutioninthebayandhadnoacceptablemeansfordisposingofitsradioactivewasters.Thedemonstrationswouldgoonuntilthejailsandthecourtsweresooverloadedthatthestatejudicialsystemwouldcollapse. GovernorStanforthThumperinsistedthattherewouldbenoreconsiderationofthe powerprojectandnodelayinitsconstructionsetforcompletioninthreeyears.Thisprojectwillbeginontimeandthepeopleofthisstatewillbegintoreceiveitsbenefitsonschedule.Thosewhobreakthelawinmisguidedattemptstosabotagetheprojectwillbedealtwithaccordingtothelawhesaid.Andpolicecalledinreinforcementsfromalloverthestatetohandlethedisturbances. TheprotestsbeganbeforedawnFridaywhenseveralthousanddemonstratorsbrokethroughpolicelinesaroundthecordoned-offconstructionsite.TheycarriedplacardsthatreadNoNukesisGoodNukesSunpowerNotNuclearPowerandStopPrivateProfitsfromPublicPeril.Theydefiedpoliceordertomovefromthearea.Teargascanistersfiredbypolicefailedtodislodgetheprotestorswhohadcomepreparedwiththeirowngasmasksorfacecloths.Finallygas-maskedandhelmetedpolicechargedintothecrowdtodragoffthedemonstratorsonebyone.Theprotestorsdidnotresistpolicebutrefusedtowalkawayundertheirownpower.Thosearrestedwouldbechargedwithunlawfulassemblytrespassinganddisturbingthepeace. WhatistheattitudeofGovernorStanforthThumpertowardthepowerprojectandthedemonstration
Ourlunchbreakfrom11:50AMto1:40PM.Weare86._______________ likebirdthataresetfreefromourcage.Thefirstthing87._______________ wedoisrushtothefieldtohavethelunch.Studentsbring88._______________ outwhattheyprepareinthemorningforlunchthings89._______________ suchasbreadcarrotsdrinksetc.Atlunchstudentswhoget90.______________ intothreegroupsaccordingtotheirlikingeverydoingtheir91.______________ ownthings.Thefirstgroupofstudentsliketositinthefield92._____________ havinglunchandtalking.Theyeatveryslowandtalkabout93._____________ thenewshomeworketc.Idon’tfinditexcitedatall.94._______________ ThatisbecauseIdon’tusuallyeatlunchwiththem.95._____________
F Wemightmarvelattheprogressmadeineveryfieldofstudybutthemethodsoftestingaperson’sknowledgeandabilityremainasprimitiveasevertheywere.Itreallyisextraordinarythatafteralltheseyearseducationistshavestillfailedtodeviceanythingmoreefficientandreliablethanexaminations.Forallthepiousclaimthatexaminationstestwhatyouknowitiscommonknowledgethattheymoreoftendotheexactopposite.Theymaybeagoodmeansoftestingmemoryortheknackofworkingrapidlyunderextremepressurebuttheycantellyounothingaboutaperson’strueabilityandaptitude. Asanxiety-makersexaminationsaresecondtonone.Thatisbecausesomuchdependsonthem.Theyarethemarkofsuccessorfailureinoursociety.Yourwholefuture maybedecidedinonefatefulday.Itdoesn’tmatterthatyouweren’tfeelingverywellorthatyourmotherdied.Littlethingslikethatdon’tcount:theexamgoeson.Noonecangiveoffhisbestwhenheisinmortalterrororafterasleeplessnightyetthisispreciselywhattheexaminationsystemexpectshimtodo.Themomentachildbeginsschoolheentersaworldofviciouscompetitionwheresuccessandfailureareclearlydefinedandmeasured. Canwewonderattheincreasingnumberof‘drop-outs’:youngpeoplewhoarewrittenoffasutterfailuresbeforetheyhaveevenembarkedonacareerCanwebesurprisedatthesuiciderateamongstudents Agoodeducationshouldamongotherthingstrainyoutothinkforyourself.The examinationsystemdoesanythingbutthat.Whathastobelearntisrigidlylaiddownbyasyllabussothestudentisencouragedtomemorize.Examinationsdonotmotivateastudenttoreadwidelybuttorestricthisreading;theydonotenablehimtoseekmoreandmoreknowledgebutinducecramming.Theylowerthestandardsofteachingfortheydeprivetheteacherofallfreedoms.Teachersthemselvesareoftenjudgedbyexaminationresultsandinsteadofteachingtheirsubjectstheyarereducedtotrainingtheirstudentsinexamtechniqueswhichtheydespise.Themostsuccessfulcandidatesarenotalwaysthebesteducated;theyarethebesttrainedinthetechniqueofworkingunderduress. Theresultsonwhichsomuchdependsareoftennothingmorethanasubjectiveassessmentbysomeanonymousexaminer.Examinersareonlyhuman.Theygettiredandhungry;theymakemistakes.Yettheyhavetomarkstacksofhastilyscrawledscriptsinalimitedamountoftime.Theyworkunderthesamesortofpressureasthecandidates.Andtheirwordcarriesweight.Afterajudge’sdecisionyouhavetherightofappealbutnotafteranexaminer’s.Theremustsurelybemanysimplerandmoreeffectivewaysofassessingaperson’strueabilities.IsitcynicaltosuggestthatexaminationsaremerelyaprofitablebusinessfortheinstitutionsthatrunthemThisiswhatitboilsdowntointhelastanalysis. Thebestcommentonthesystemisthisilliteratemessagerecentlyscrawledonawall:‘Iwereateenagedrop-outandnowIareateenagemillionaire.’ Accordingtotheauthorthemostimportantofagoodeducationis_______.
InthedaysofSamuelClemensbetterknownasMarkTwainlifeonasteamboatontheMississippiRiverwas41.Oneofthemostexciting42ofthatperiodwasarac43twoofthefastestriverboats. TheNatchezhadsteameduptheriverfromNewOrleanstoSt.Louisinthreedaystwenty-onehoursandfifty-eightminutes.JohnCannon44oftheRobertE.Leefeltsurethathecould45thistimeandchallengedthecaptainoftheNatchez.46hisboatlightCaptainCannon47nopassengers48;hedidnot49theusualgoods.Moreoverhehadcrewswithsuppliesofcoalwaitingonfloatsalongtheriversothattheboatwouldnothavetoputittoshorefor50. TheracebeganonJune301870.BeinglighterthantheNatcheztheLeejumpedintoanearlylead.Forthreedaystheracecontinued51theboatstravellingatfullsteam.Theywere52eachotherthewholetime53shortspaceswhenbendsintheriverhidoneortheotherfromview. ThenonlyafewhoursfromitsgoaltheNatchez54arockandranaground搁浅. TheLeesteamedproudlyintoSt.LouisinexactlythreedayseighteenhoursandthirtyminutesaftershehadleftNewOrleans.Bellrangandpeoplecalled55theboatnamedafterthegeneral56asanarmyengineerhadpreventedtheriverfromchangingitscourseandSt.Louis57becominganinlandtown.TheLee58agoodrecord---onethatbroughthonortoallrivermen.Howeverthegreatdayoftheriversteamerswasdrawingto59.The60wonthepassengerandgoodsbusinessfromtheriverboats. Thereareboatsontherivertoday.ButtheyarenotthewhitebirdsthatattractedyoungSamuelClemens.
InthedaysofSamuelClemensbetterknownasMarkTwainlifeonasteamboatontheMississippiRiverwas41.Oneofthemostexciting42ofthatperiodwasarac43twoofthefastestriverboats. TheNatchezhadsteameduptheriverfromNewOrleanstoSt.Louisinthreedaystwenty-onehoursandfifty-eightminutes.JohnCannon44oftheRobertE.Leefeltsurethathecould45thistimeandchallengedthecaptainoftheNatchez.46hisboatlightCaptainCannon47nopassengers48;hedidnot49theusualgoods.Moreoverhehadcrewswithsuppliesofcoalwaitingonfloatsalongtheriversothattheboatwouldnothavetoputittoshorefor50. TheracebeganonJune301870.BeinglighterthantheNatcheztheLeejumpedintoanearlylead.Forthreedaystheracecontinued51theboatstravellingatfullsteam.Theywere52eachotherthewholetime53shortspaceswhenbendsintheriverhidoneortheotherfromview. ThenonlyafewhoursfromitsgoaltheNatchez54arockandranaground搁浅. TheLeesteamedproudlyintoSt.LouisinexactlythreedayseighteenhoursandthirtyminutesaftershehadleftNewOrleans.Bellrangandpeoplecalled55theboatnamedafterthegeneral56asanarmyengineerhadpreventedtheriverfromchangingitscourseandSt.Louis57becominganinlandtown.TheLee58agoodrecord---onethatbroughthonortoallrivermen.Howeverthegreatdayoftheriversteamerswasdrawingto59.The60wonthepassengerandgoodsbusinessfromtheriverboats. Thereareboatsontherivertoday.ButtheyarenotthewhitebirdsthatattractedyoungSamuelClemens.
E Policefiredteargasandarrestedmorethan5000passivelyresistingprotestorsFridayinanattempttobreakupthelargestantinucleardemonstrationeverstagedintheUnitedStates.Morethan135000demonstratorsconfrontedpoliceontheconstructionsiteofa1000-megawattnuclearpowerplantscheduledtoprovidepowertomostofsouthernNewHampshire.Organizersofthehugedemonstrationsaidtheprotestwascontinuingdespitethepoliceactions.Moredemonstratorswerearrivingtokeepupthepressureonstateauthoritiestocanceltheproject.Thedemonstratorhadchargedthattheprojectwasunsafeinthedenselypopulatedareawouldcreatethermalpollutioninthebayandhadnoacceptablemeansfordisposingofitsradioactivewasters.Thedemonstrationswouldgoonuntilthejailsandthecourtsweresooverloadedthatthestatejudicialsystemwouldcollapse. GovernorStanforthThumperinsistedthattherewouldbenoreconsiderationofthe powerprojectandnodelayinitsconstructionsetforcompletioninthreeyears.Thisprojectwillbeginontimeandthepeopleofthisstatewillbegintoreceiveitsbenefitsonschedule.Thosewhobreakthelawinmisguidedattemptstosabotagetheprojectwillbedealtwithaccordingtothelawhesaid.Andpolicecalledinreinforcementsfromalloverthestatetohandlethedisturbances. TheprotestsbeganbeforedawnFridaywhenseveralthousanddemonstratorsbrokethroughpolicelinesaroundthecordoned-offconstructionsite.TheycarriedplacardsthatreadNoNukesisGoodNukesSunpowerNotNuclearPowerandStopPrivateProfitsfromPublicPeril.Theydefiedpoliceordertomovefromthearea.Teargascanistersfiredbypolicefailedtodislodgetheprotestorswhohadcomepreparedwiththeirowngasmasksorfacecloths.Finallygas-maskedandhelmetedpolicechargedintothecrowdtodragoffthedemonstratorsonebyone.Theprotestorsdidnotresistpolicebutrefusedtowalkawayundertheirownpower.Thosearrestedwouldbechargedwithunlawfulassemblytrespassinganddisturbingthepeace. Whatwerethedemonstratorsprotestingabout
1.DriverWanted 1Cleandrivinglicense. 2Mustbeofsmartappearance. 3Agedover25. Applyto:CapesTaxis17PalaceRoadBoston. parking.2.AirHostessesforInternationalFlightsWanted 1Applicantsmustbebetween20and33yearsold. 2Height1.6mto1.75m. 3EducationtoGCSEstandard. 4Twolanguages.Mustbeabletoswim.Applyto:RecruitmentofficeSouthernAirlineHeathrowAirportWest.HR37KK 3.TeacherNeededForprivatelanguageschool.Teachingexperienceunnecessary. Applyto:TheDirectorofStudiesInstantLanguageLtd279CanalStreetBoston. WhatpreventsJackanexperiencedtaxidriverworkingforCapesTaxis
Ourlunchbreakfrom11:50AMto1:40PM.Weare86._______________ likebirdthataresetfreefromourcage.Thefirstthing87._______________ wedoisrushtothefieldtohavethelunch.Studentsbring88._______________ outwhattheyprepareinthemorningforlunchthings89._______________ suchasbreadcarrotsdrinksetc.Atlunchstudentswhoget90.______________ intothreegroupsaccordingtotheirlikingeverydoingtheir91.______________ ownthings.Thefirstgroupofstudentsliketositinthefield92._____________ havinglunchandtalking.Theyeatveryslowandtalkabout93._____________ thenewshomeworketc.Idon’tfinditexcitedatall.94._______________ ThatisbecauseIdon’tusuallyeatlunchwiththem.95._____________
B Anewperiodiscoming.Callitwhatyouwill:theserviceindustrytheinformationage theknowledgesociety.Italltranslatestoagreatchangeinthewaywework.Alreadywe’re partlytherethepercentageofpeoplewhoearntheirlivingbymakingthingshasfallen sharplyintheWesternWorld.TodaythemajorityofjobsinAmericaEuropeandJapan twothirdsormoreareinmanyofthesecountriesareintheserviceindustryandthe numberisontherise.Morewomenareintheworkforcethaneverbefore.Therearemore part-timejobs.Morepeopleareself-employed.Butthebreathofthegreatchangecan’tbe measuredbynumbersalonebecauseitalsoisgivingrisetonewwayofthinkingaboutthe natureofworkitself.Long-heldopinionsaboutjobsandcareerstheskillsneededto succeedeventherelationbetweenworkersandemployers—allthesearebeingdoubted. Wehaveonlytolookbehindustogetsomesenseofwhatmaylieahead.Noone lookingahead20yearspossiblycouldhaveseenthewaysinwhichasingleinventionthe chip芯片wouldchangeourworldthankstoitsusesinpersonalcomputersandfactory equipment.Tomorrow’sachievementsinbiotechnologyorevensomestillunimagined technologycouldproduceasimilarwaveofgreatchanges.Butonethingiscertain: informationandknowledgewillbecomeevenmoreimportantandthepeoplewhoownit whethertheyworkinfactoriesorserviceswillhavetheadvantageandproducethewealth. Computerknowledgewillbecomeasbasicarequirementastheabilitytoreadandwrite. Theabilitytodealwithproblemsbymakinguseofinformationinsteadofperforming regulartaskswillbevaluedaboveallelse.Ifyoulookahead10yearsinformationservice willbeleadingtheway.Itwillbethewayyoudoyourjob. Thefuturewillprobablybelongtothosewho_________.
InthedaysofSamuelClemensbetterknownasMarkTwainlifeonasteamboatontheMississippiRiverwas41.Oneofthemostexciting42ofthatperiodwasarac43twoofthefastestriverboats. TheNatchezhadsteameduptheriverfromNewOrleanstoSt.Louisinthreedaystwenty-onehoursandfifty-eightminutes.JohnCannon44oftheRobertE.Leefeltsurethathecould45thistimeandchallengedthecaptainoftheNatchez.46hisboatlightCaptainCannon47nopassengers48;hedidnot49theusualgoods.Moreoverhehadcrewswithsuppliesofcoalwaitingonfloatsalongtheriversothattheboatwouldnothavetoputittoshorefor50. TheracebeganonJune301870.BeinglighterthantheNatcheztheLeejumpedintoanearlylead.Forthreedaystheracecontinued51theboatstravellingatfullsteam.Theywere52eachotherthewholetime53shortspaceswhenbendsintheriverhidoneortheotherfromview. ThenonlyafewhoursfromitsgoaltheNatchez54arockandranaground搁浅. TheLeesteamedproudlyintoSt.LouisinexactlythreedayseighteenhoursandthirtyminutesaftershehadleftNewOrleans.Bellrangandpeoplecalled55theboatnamedafterthegeneral56asanarmyengineerhadpreventedtheriverfromchangingitscourseandSt.Louis57becominganinlandtown.TheLee58agoodrecord---onethatbroughthonortoallrivermen.Howeverthegreatdayoftheriversteamerswasdrawingto59.The60wonthepassengerandgoodsbusinessfromtheriverboats. Thereareboatsontherivertoday.ButtheyarenotthewhitebirdsthatattractedyoungSamuelClemens.
InthedaysofSamuelClemensbetterknownasMarkTwainlifeonasteamboatontheMississippiRiverwas41.Oneofthemostexciting42ofthatperiodwasarac43twoofthefastestriverboats. TheNatchezhadsteameduptheriverfromNewOrleanstoSt.Louisinthreedaystwenty-onehoursandfifty-eightminutes.JohnCannon44oftheRobertE.Leefeltsurethathecould45thistimeandchallengedthecaptainoftheNatchez.46hisboatlightCaptainCannon47nopassengers48;hedidnot49theusualgoods.Moreoverhehadcrewswithsuppliesofcoalwaitingonfloatsalongtheriversothattheboatwouldnothavetoputittoshorefor50. TheracebeganonJune301870.BeinglighterthantheNatcheztheLeejumpedintoanearlylead.Forthreedaystheracecontinued51theboatstravellingatfullsteam.Theywere52eachotherthewholetime53shortspaceswhenbendsintheriverhidoneortheotherfromview. ThenonlyafewhoursfromitsgoaltheNatchez54arockandranaground搁浅. TheLeesteamedproudlyintoSt.LouisinexactlythreedayseighteenhoursandthirtyminutesaftershehadleftNewOrleans.Bellrangandpeoplecalled55theboatnamedafterthegeneral56asanarmyengineerhadpreventedtheriverfromchangingitscourseandSt.Louis57becominganinlandtown.TheLee58agoodrecord---onethatbroughthonortoallrivermen.Howeverthegreatdayoftheriversteamerswasdrawingto59.The60wonthepassengerandgoodsbusinessfromtheriverboats. Thereareboatsontherivertoday.ButtheyarenotthewhitebirdsthatattractedyoungSamuelClemens.
心理学成为一门独立的学科是以德国学者冯特年在莱比锡大学建立了世界上第一个心理实验室为标志的
InthedaysofSamuelClemensbetterknownasMarkTwainlifeonasteamboatontheMississippiRiverwas41.Oneofthemostexciting42ofthatperiodwasarac43twoofthefastestriverboats. TheNatchezhadsteameduptheriverfromNewOrleanstoSt.Louisinthreedaystwenty-onehoursandfifty-eightminutes.JohnCannon44oftheRobertE.Leefeltsurethathecould45thistimeandchallengedthecaptainoftheNatchez.46hisboatlightCaptainCannon47nopassengers48;hedidnot49theusualgoods.Moreoverhehadcrewswithsuppliesofcoalwaitingonfloatsalongtheriversothattheboatwouldnothavetoputittoshorefor50. TheracebeganonJune301870.BeinglighterthantheNatcheztheLeejumpedintoanearlylead.Forthreedaystheracecontinued51theboatstravellingatfullsteam.Theywere52eachotherthewholetime53shortspaceswhenbendsintheriverhidoneortheotherfromview. ThenonlyafewhoursfromitsgoaltheNatchez54arockandranaground搁浅. TheLeesteamedproudlyintoSt.LouisinexactlythreedayseighteenhoursandthirtyminutesaftershehadleftNewOrleans.Bellrangandpeoplecalled55theboatnamedafterthegeneral56asanarmyengineerhadpreventedtheriverfromchangingitscourseandSt.Louis57becominganinlandtown.TheLee58agoodrecord---onethatbroughthonortoallrivermen.Howeverthegreatdayoftheriversteamerswasdrawingto59.The60wonthepassengerandgoodsbusinessfromtheriverboats. Thereareboatsontherivertoday.ButtheyarenotthewhitebirdsthatattractedyoungSamuelClemens.
Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey’realwayscominginforcriticism.Theircriticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround.It’siniquitoustheysaythatthisentirelyunproductiveindustryifwecancallitthatshouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoestoshowhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon’ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoodsAfterallit’stheconsumerwhopays Thepooroldconsumer!He’dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn’tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashingmachineitismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformancepriceetc.fromanadvertisement. Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisementsbutthisclaimmaybe seriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenaretoo!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements.WouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaybyelawswhilewaitingforatrainWouldyouliketoreadonlycloselyprintedcolumnsofnewsinyourdailypaperAcheerfulwittyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofthedailyrationofcalamities. Wemustnotforgeteitherthatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets. Newspaperscommercialradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaperorcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogrammesisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice! Anotherthingwemustn’tforgetisthesmallads.whichareinvirtuallyevery newspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendouslyusefulservicetheyperformforthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbeaccomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstanceyoucanfindajobbuyorsellahouseannounceabirthmarriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthe‘hatchmatchanddispatch’columnbutbyfarthemostfascinatingsectionisthepersonaloragonycolumn.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuchentertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It’sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis! WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue
Ourlunchbreakfrom11:50AMto1:40PM.Weare86._______________ likebirdthataresetfreefromourcage.Thefirstthing87._______________ wedoisrushtothefieldtohavethelunch.Studentsbring88._______________ outwhattheyprepareinthemorningforlunchthings89._______________ suchasbreadcarrotsdrinksetc.Atlunchstudentswhoget90.______________ intothreegroupsaccordingtotheirlikingeverydoingtheir91.______________ ownthings.Thefirstgroupofstudentsliketositinthefield92._____________ havinglunchandtalking.Theyeatveryslowandtalkabout93._____________ thenewshomeworketc.Idon’tfinditexcitedatall.94._______________ ThatisbecauseIdon’tusuallyeatlunchwiththem.95._____________
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