首页
试卷库
试题库
当前位置：
X题卡
>
所有题目
>
题目详情
Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce vo...
查看本题答案
包含此试题的试卷
高中英语《2012年 浙江省温州中学高一下学期期末考试试卷 试题及答案 练习题（英语）》真题及答案
点击查看
你可能感兴趣的试题
Morerecentlyhoweverplantwhisperers—super-sensitive
Youcan’tcomplainofbeinglonely_______youdon’tmakean
when
until
unless
once
A.newstudyfindsthatplantscommunicatewithoneanother
阅读下面短文把A.～D.四个句子填入文中空缺处1～4使短文内容完整.然后完成第5题A.Butanyh
Anewstudyfindsthatplantscommunicatewithoneanothert
TalkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairytalE.
TalkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairytalE.
Formostofhistoryscientistsandmankindingeneralconsi
阅读理解阅读下面短文从短文后所给的各题的四个选项中选择最佳选项Canplantseatpeople?
TalkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairytalE.
Talkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairytale.
阅读理解根据短文内容判断下列句子的正误正确的用T错误的用FScientistsaretryingto
TalkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairytalE.
Scientistsaretryingtomakethedesertsintogoodlandaga
Talkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairytale.
Whydoplantsgrowinsomeplacesandnotinothers?Whydoess
A.newstudyfindsthatplantscommunicatewithoneanother
Anewstudyfindsthatplantscommunicatewithoneanothert
Idon’tthinkwecanlive_________plants!Iftheplantsdie
with
as
without
not have
Plantscan’tcommunicatebymovingormakingsoundsasmost
热门试题
更多
Ofthethousandsofdifferentkindsofanimalsthatexistintheworldmanhaslearnedtomakefriendswithanenormousnumber.Somearepetsandofferhimcompanionship;somegiveprotectionandsomedohardworkwhichmancannotdoforhimself.DogswhichservemaninallthreecapacitiesarefoundinvariousspeciesinallcountriesoftheworlD.TheHuskycanliveinthecoldpolarregionsandtheSalukiisathomeinthehottestpartsofCentralAfricA.Theinhabitantsofcertaincountriesaredependentfortheirverylivesonthecamel.IntheWestIndiesthelittledonkeystrongandsure-footedcarryingheavyloadseveninmountainiousplacesisafamiliarsight.Trainedandtamedformanygenerationsdomesticanimals牲畜arenotaccustomedtoroaming到处走动insearchoffoodandshelter.TheylooktotheirmasterstoprovidefortheirneedsandaslongasthesearesuppliedtheyarecontenttodowhattheirmastersrequirE.AlldomesticanimalsneedproperfooD.Itmustbesuitableforthemsufficientinquantityfreshandclean.Somepeoplefeedapetdogorcatonoddsandendsoftablescraps剩饭andthenwonderwhytheanimalseemstiredanddull.Thequantityoffooddependsonthesizeoftheanimalandtheamountofexerciseittakes.Overfeedingisasbadasunderfeeding.Containersforfoodandwatermustbewashedregularlyiftheanimalistomaintaingoodhealth.Evenwellcaredforanimalsmaysometimesfallill.Ifthishappensthewisemasterseeksthebestadvicehecanget.AllsortsofmedicinesandtreatmentsareavailableforsickanimalsandinsomecountriesorganizationsexisttoprovidethemfreeoratacheappricE.Usefulfriendlyhardworkinganimalsdeservetohavesometimemoneyandattentionspentontheirhealth.71.Whatmainideadoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthefirstparagraph?A.ThereexiststhousandsofspeciesofanimalsintheworlD.B.Mancametoestablishacloserelationshipwithanumberofanimals.C.Insomeregionsadonkeyseemstobeaveryusefulbeast.D.AnanimalwillbeuselessunlessdomesticateD.72.Whenananimaldoesn’tgetenoughfooditwillprobably.A.refusetoobeyitsmasterB.immediatelyfallillC.requireitsmastertooffersomefoodD.seekforfoodonitsown73.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofdogsaccordingtothepassage?A.Theycanactasfriendsguardsandservantstoman.B.Theyhavegreatadaptationfortheenvironment.C.ThereliveagreatvarietyofspeciesofdogsontheglobE.D.TheHuskyandtheSalukiarethestrongestspecieseverknownintheworlD.74.Tokeepadomesticanimalphysicallyfititsownerisadvised.A.nottohesitatetospendenormousamountofmoneyonitB.topayattentiontoitsproperfeedingC.nottoallowittotakeexcessiveamountsofexerciseD.tojoinsomesortofpet-keepingorganizations75.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.DomesticatedAnimals—Man’sBestFriendsB.ProperDiet—theRoadtoHealthC.TheAdvantagesofRaisingDomesticAnimalsD.SomeTipsonPet-keeping
PacingandPausingSaratriedtobefriendheroldfriendSteve'snewwifebutBettyneverseemedtohaveanythingtosay.WhileSarafeltBettydidn'tholdupherendoftheconversationBettycomplainedtoStevethatSaranevergaveherachancetotalk.Theproblemhadtodowithexpectationsaboutpacingandpausing.Conversationisaturn-takinggamE.Whenourhabitsaresimilarthere'snoproblem.ButifourhabitsaredifferentyoumaystarttotalkbeforeI'mfinishedorfailtotakeyourturnwhenI'mfinisheD.That'swhatwashappeningwithBettyandSarA.ItmaynotbecoincidentalthatBettywhoexpectedrelativelylongerpausesbetweenturnsisBritishandSarawhoexpectedrelativelyshorterpausesisAmerican.BettyoftenfeltinterruptedbySarA.ButBettyherselfbecameaninterrupterandfoundherselfdoingmostofthetalkingwhenshemetavisitorfromFinlanD.AndSarahadahardtimecuttinginonsomespeakersfromLatinAmericaorIsrael.Thegeneralphenomenonthenisthatthesmallconversationtechniqueslikepacingandpausingleadpeopletodrawconclusionsnotaboutconversationalstylebutaboutpersonalityandabilities.Thesehabitualdifferencesareoftenthebasisfordangerousstereotyping思维定式.Andthesesocialphenomenacanhaveverypersonalconsequences.ForexampleawomanfromthesouthwesternpartoftheUSwenttoliveinaneasterncitytotakeupajobinpersonnel.WhenthePersonnelDepartmentgottogetherformeetingsshekeptsearchingfortherighttimetobreakin---andneverfoundit.AlthoughbackhomeshewasconsideredoutgoingandconfidentinWashingtonshewasviewedasshyandretiring.Whenshewasevaluatedattheendoftheyearshewastoldtotakeatrainingcoursebecauseofherinabilitytospeakup.That'swhyslightdifferencesinconversationalstyle---tinylittlethingslikemicrosecondsofpause---canhaveagreateffectonone'slifE.Theresultinthiscasewasajudgmentofpsychologicalproblems---eveninthemindofthewomanherselfwhoreallywonderedwhatwaswrongwithherandregisteredforassertivenesstraining.63.WhatdidSarathinkofBettywhentalkingwithher?A.BettywastalkativE.B.Bettywasaninterrupter.C.Bettydidnottakeherturn.D.BettypaidnoattentiontoSarA.64.Accordingtothepassagewhoarelikelytoexpecttheshortestpausesbetweenturns?A.Americans.B.Israelis.C.TheBritish.D.TheFinns.65.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.communicationbreakdownresultsfromshortpausesandfastpacingB.womenareunfavorablystereotypedineasterncitiesoftheUSC.one'sinabilitytospeakupisculturallydeterminedsometimesD.oneshouldreceivetrainingtobuildupone'sconfidence66.Theunderlinedwordassertivenessinthelastparagraphprobablymeans______.A.beingwillingtospeakone'smindB.beingabletoincreaseone'spowerC.beingreadytomakeone'sownjudgmentD.beingquicktoexpressone'sideasconfidently
WhilesomescientistsoverlooktheexistenceofasixthsensefordangeranewresearchfromWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louishasidentifiedabrainareathatclearlyactsasanearlywarningsystemandhelpsusadjustourbehaviortoavoiddangeroussituations.OurbrainsarebetteratpickingupnotobviouswarningsignsthanwepreviouslythoughtsaidJoshuaBrownPhDaresearchassociateinpsychologyintheFeB.18issueofthejournalSciencE.ThefindingsofferexactscientificevidenceforanewwaytoformaconceptofthecomplexcontrolprocessestakingplaceinandaroundtheACCabrainarealocatednearthetopofthefrontallobes耳垂andalongthewallsthatdividetheleftandrighthemispheres大脑半球.InthepastwefoundactivityintheACCwhenpeoplehadtomakeadifficultdecisionoraftertheymakeamistakeBrownsaiD.ButnowwefindthatthisbrainareacanactuallylearntorecognizewhenyoumightmakeamistakeevenbeforeadifficultdecisionhastobemadE.SotheACCappearstoactasanearlywarningsystem——itlearnstowarnusinadvancewhenourbehaviormightleadtoanegativeoutcomesothatwecanbemorecarefulandavoidmakingamistakE.Byprovidingaclearerpictureofthecognitivemechanisms认知结构bywhichweselfmonitorandcontrolourbehaviorthestudyisanimportantstepineffortstodevelopmoreeffectivetreatmentsformentalillnesses.Italsoprovidesanewwayofunderstandinginappropriatebehaviorsthatoftenaccompanymentalillnesses.OurresultssuggesthowinjuryoftheACCmechanismscanleadtobreakdownsintheearlywarningsystemsothatthebrainfailstostoporcontrolinappropriatebehavioraheadoftimesaidBrown.OntheotherhandinthosepersonswithmentaldisordertheACCmightwarnofanupcomingproblemevenwhennoproblemisintheexistencE.Knowntobeanimportantpartofthebrain'scontrolsystemtheACCisbelievedtohelpadjustbetweencoldhardfact-basedreasoningandemotionalresponsessuchaslovefearorexpectation.68.AccordingtothepassagetheACC____________.A.referstothesixthsensefordangerB.dealswithobviouswarningsituationsC.connectstheleftandrighthemispheresD.sendswarningmessagesinadvance69.Thenewresearchisbeneficialbecauseit________.A.providesanewwayofavoidingmistakesB.adjustsemotionalresponsesintimeofdangerC.helpsfindbettertreatmentsformentalillnessesD.assistspeopleinpredictingandavoidingdanger70.Thenewresearchhelpsusunderstand_________.A.whywearelikelytomakemistakeswhentheACCisbadlyinjuredB.whypeoplewithmentalillnessesusuallyhavesomanystrangebehaviorsC.howtheACCworkswhensomethingdangeroushappensD.howourbrainwarnsusoffailureinadvance
Thefirstbreath-takingpicturesoftheEarthtakenfromspaceshoweditasasolidballcoveredbybrownlandmassesandblue-greenoceans.WehadneverseentheEarthfromthatdistancebeforE.TousitappearedasthoughtheEarthhadalwayslookedthatwayandalwayswoulD.ScientistsnowknowhoweverthatthesurfaceoftheEarthisnotaspermanentaswehadthought.Scientistsexplainthatthesurfaceofourplanetisalwaysmoving.ContinentsmoveabouttheEarthlikehugeshipsatseA.TheyfloatonpiecesoftheEarth’souterskin.Newouterskiniscreatedasmeltedrockpushedupfrombelowtheoceanfloor.Oldouterskinisdestroyedasitrollsdownintothehotareaandmeltsagain.Onlysincethe1960shavescientistsreallybeguntounderstandthattheplanetEarthisagreatlivingmachinE.Someexpertshavesaidthisnewunderstandingisoneofthemostimportantrevolutionsinscientificthought.Therevolutionisbasedontheworkofscientistswhostudythemovementofthecontinents—asciencecalledplatetectonics.ThemodernstoryofplatetectonicsbeginswiththeGermanscientistAlfredWegener.BeforeWorldWarOneWegenerarguedthatthecontinentshadmovedandwerestillmoving.HesaidtheideafirstoccurredtohimwhenheobservedthatthecoastlinesofSouthAmericaandAfricacouldfittogetherliketwopiecesofapuzzlE.Heproposedthatthetwocontinentsmighthavebeenoneandthensplitapart.Wegenerwasnotthefirstpersontowonderabouttheshapeofthecontinents.About500yearsagoexplorersthoughtaboutitwhentheymadethefirstmapsofAmericas.TheexplorersnotedtheeastcoastofNorthAmericaandSouthAmericawouldfitalmostexactlyintothewestcoastofEuropeandSouthAfricA.WhattheexplorersdidnotdobutWegenerdidwastoinvestigatetheideathatthecontinentsmovE.58.Whatdoesthewritermainlytellusinthepassage?A.Thefirstbreath-takingpicturesoftheEarthtakenfromspacE.B.Human’srecognitionoftheearth’ssurfacE.C.TheGermanscientistAlfredWegener.D.Theearlyexplorers’discovery.59.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Wedidn’tseetheEarthfromfarawayuntilwesawthepicturetakeninthespacE.B.Ourancientthoughtthatthesurfaceoftheearthisstill.C.AlfredWegenerwasnotthefirstpersontoinvestigatetheideathatthecontinentsmovE.D.ThecoastlineofIndiaandAfricafittogether.60.Thelastwordofthethirdparagraphtectonicsmean________.A.studyofconstructionB.studyofarchitectureC.earthsurfaceD.structuralgeology61.Whatdidtheexplorersfind?A.ThecoastlinesofSouthAmericaandAfricacouldfittogether.B.ThecoastlinesofNorthAmericaandAfricacouldfittogether.C.TheeastcoastlinesofNorthAmericaandthewestcoastofEuropecouldfittogether.D.ThecoastlinesofNorthAmericaandIndiacouldfittogether.
Chinainthe21stcenturyismakinggreatprogressinspacetechnology.In2003thecountrysentupthemannedspacecraftShenzhou-V.FouryearslaterChang’e-Iwentintoorbit轨道aroundthemoon.In2008aChinesemandidthecountry’sfirstspacewalk.TheseachievementswouldhavebeenunthinkablewithoutthecontributionofQianXuesenakeyscientistonspaceprogramsandrocketry火箭技术ofthePeople’sRepublicofChinA.ThispioneeringscientistpassedawayinBeijingonOctober31in2009attheageof98.OncecalledthefatherofourspaceindustryQianbeganworkingonChina’smissileandspacetechnologyin1956whenChinahadlittletechnology.WhenaskedbyGeneralChenGengwhethertheChinesecoulddeveloptheirownmissilesQiansaidChinesecoulddoanythingthatforeignerscoulD.HisresearchhelpedleadtotheexplosionofChina’sfirstatomicbomb原子弹in1964aswellastoitsfirstman-madesatellitein1970anditsfirstmannedspacecraftin2003.QianwasborninShanghai.HegraduatedfromShanghaiJiaotongUniversityin1934.ThenhestudiedintheUSattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandlaterattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.DuringWorldWarⅡQian’sresearchcontributedtothedevelopmentofrockettechnologythattheUSmilitary军队beganusinginthe1940s.Hewasoncepreventedfromleavingthecountrybecauseitwasdecidedthatheknewtoomuchaboutcertainmilitarymatters.Itwasnotuntilin1955thatQianreturnedtoChinawiththehelpofthelatepremierZhouEnlai.IplantodomybesttohelptheChinesebuildanationwheretheycanlivewithdignity尊严andhappinessQiantoldreportersbeforesailingforChinain1955.ThegreatscientistdevotedallhislifetokeepingthepromisE.56.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.ItgivesashorthistoryofChinesemissileandspaceprograms.B.ItisabouthowQiancontributedtotheChinesespaceprogram.C.ItlistsimportanteventsthatQianexperienceD.D.ItisabriefintroductiontoQianafamousChinesescientist.57.WhichstatementaboutQianisTRUE?A.HewasborninChinaandbroughtupinAmericA.B.HewenttoAmericaforfurtherstudyaftergraduationfromuniversity.C.Hereturnedtohishometownrightafterfinishinghiseducation.D.HehadworkedonmissilesintheUSmilitarybeforecomingbacktoChinA.58.QianwaspersonallyinvolvedinmanyhistoriceventsinChinaEXCEPT.A.thefirstspacewalkB.thefirstman-madesatelliteC.thedevelopmentofmissilesD.theexplosionofanatomicbomb59.Fromthearticlewecanconcludethat.A.theUSmilitaryhadhopedtotakefulladvantageofQian’stalentB.QianhadanimportantpositionintheUSmilitaryinthe1940sC.whenWorldWarbrokeoutQianwasstudyingatShanghaiJiaotongUniversityDitwasnoteasytogetQianbackfromtheUS
AlmostanyonewhohasreadatravelbrochureaboutAfricahasheardofelephantsgettingdrunkfromthefruitofthemarulatreE.Itissaidthatelephantscangetdrunkbyeatingthefermented发酵fruitrottingonthegrounD.Bookshaveevenbeenwrittentoprovethetruthofthephenomenon.ButastudypublishedinthejournalPhysiologicalandBiochemicalZoologytellsaverydifferentstory.SteveMorrisabiologistattheUniversityofBristolinEnglandandanauthorofthestudysaysthereisnothinginthebiologyofeithertheAfricanelephantorthemarulafruittosupportthestories.Morrissayspeoplejustwanttobelieveindrunkenelephants.ThemarulatreeamemberofthesamefamilyasthemangogrowswidelyinAfricA.Itssweetyellowfruitisusedformakingjamwineandbeer.Thefirstmistakeofthedrunken-elephanttheoryisthatit’sunlikelythatanelephantwouldeatthefruitifitwererottenMorrissays.Elephantseatthefruitrightoffthetreenotwhenit’srottenonthegroundheexplains.Otherexpertsaddthatifanelephantweretoeatthefruitonthegrounditwouldn’twaitforthefruittoferment.MichelleGaddanAfricanwildlifespecialistsaysthatelephantsandmanyotheranimalsincludingbirdsandmonkeysaretoofondofmarulafruittoletitrot.Iffermentedfruitonthegroundisoutofthequestionsoisthenotionthatthefruitcouldfermentinthestomachofelephantsaccordingtothestudyauthors.Foodtakesbetween12and46hourstopassthroughanelephant’sdigestivesystemtheauthorspointoutwhichisnotenoughforthefruittoferment.Supposingthatthishappenedit’sstillhighlyimprobablethatthefoodwouldproduceenoughalcoholtomakeanelephantdrunk.Throughcalculationsofbodyweightelephantdigestionratesandotherfactorstheauthorsconcludethatitwouldtakeabout1.9litresofethanol乙醇tomakeanelephantdrunk.56.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.itisnoteasytofindmarulafruitinthewildinAfricaB.Africanelephantsdon’tliketoeatmarulafruitatallC.marulafruitcanbemadeintofoodordrinkconsumedbypeopleD.birdsandmonkeysinAfricaliketoeatrottenmarulafruit57.AccordingtoParagraph6marulafruitislikelytoferment________.A.inabout12hoursB.inabout34hoursC.between12and46hoursD.inmorethan46hours58.AccordingtoMr.MorriswhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.ElephantsjusteatthefruitrightoffthetreE.B.Elephantswillnoteatthefruitwhichisrotten.C.Themarulatreeandthemangobelongtodifferentfamilies.D.ThereareseveralconnectionsbetweenElephantsandthemarulafruit.59.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordthisinthelastparagraphprobablyreferto?A.Elephantsgettingdrunk.B.Marulafruitfermentinginelephants’stomachs.C.Elephantseatingrottenmarulafruit.D.Elephantseatingmarulatreesdirectly.
HoneyfromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugaritisalsodelicious.Mostpeopleandmanyanimalslikeeatingit.Howevertheonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees’nestandtakethehoneyfromit.Oftenthesenestsarehighupintreesanditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfricathoughpeopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper---alittlebirdcalledahoneyguidE.Thehoneyguidedoesnotactuallylikehoneybutitdoeslikethewaxinthebeehives蜂房.Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswaxwhichisdeepinsidethebees’nest.Sowhenitfindsasuitablenestitlooksforsomeonetohelpit.ThehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeoplE.Onceithastheirattentionitfliesthroughtheforestwaitingfromtimetotimeforcuriousanimalsorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenestthefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.SomeofthehoneyandthewaxalwaysfallstothegroundandthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitssharE.Scientistsdonotknowwhythehoneyguidelikeseatingthewaxbutitisverydeterminedinitseffortstogetit.Thebirdsseemtobeabletosmellwaxfromalongdistanceaway.Theywillquicklyarrivewheneverabeekeeperistakinghoneyfromhisbeehivesandwillevenenterchurcheswhenbeeswaxcandlesarebeinglit.58.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbees’nest?A.It’ssmallinsizE.B.It’shiddenintrees.C.It’scoveredwithwax.D.It’shardtorecognizE.59.WhatdothewordsthefollowerinParagraph2referto?A.A.beeB.A.birdC.A.honeyseeker.D.A.beekeeper.60.Thehoneyguideisspecialintheway_____________.A.itgetsitsfoodB.itgoestochurchC.itsingsintheforestD.itreachesintobees’nest
Sincethebeginningoftimemanhasbeeninterestedinthemoon.TheRomansdesignedaspecialdaytoshowadmirationandrespecttothemoon.TheycalleditMondayorMondayasweknowittoday.LaterthegreatmindofLeonardodaVincistudiedthemoonanddesignedamachinetocarryahumantothemoon.Leonardosaidthatonedayagreatmachinebirdwouldtakeapersontothemoonandbringgreathonourtothehomewhereitwasborn.FourandahalfcenturieslaterLeonardo’sideawasrealized.ApolloⅡtookthreeAmericansCollinsAldrinandArmstrongtothemoon.Themission任务didfillthewholeworldwithgreatsurpriseasLeonardohadsaiditwould.Numerousmanyessaysarticlesandbookswerewrittenaboutman’sfirstmoonmission.Butperhapsthemostinterestingstorywasonewrittenbeforetheeventover100yearsbefore.In1865FrenchauthorJulesVernewroteastoryaboutthefirstjourneytothemoon.Hisstorywasverysimilartothe1969ApolloⅡmission.Verne’sspacecraftalsocontainedthreemen—twoAmericansandaFrenchman.ThespacecraftwasdescribedasbeingalmostthesamesizeasApolloⅡ.Thelaunch发射siteinVerne’sstorywasalsoinFlorida.ThespacecraftinVerne’sstorywasnamedtheColumbiad.TheApolloⅡcommandshipwascalledColumbia.HisaccountdescriptionofsendingthespacecraftintothespacecouldeasilyhavebeenwrittenabouthowApolloⅡwassentintothespace.Verne’sstorywasthesameastheactualeventinseveralotherrespects方面.ThespeedofVerne’sspacecraftwas36000feetpersecond;Apollo’swas35533feetpersecond.Verne’sspacecrafttook97hourstoreachthemoon;Apollo’stimewas103hours.LikeApollo’sspacemenVerne’sspacementookpicturesofthemoon’ssurfacerelaxedontheirseatscookedwithgasandexperiencedweightlessness.TheytwocamedowninthePacificandwerepickedupbyanAmericanwarship.WhatwerethereasonsforJulesVerne’sextremeaccuracy精确indescribinganevent100yearsormorebeforeitactuallyoccurred?Hebasedhiswritingsonthelawsofphysicsandastronomy.Nineteenth-centuryscienceandthevividclearVerne’simaginationgavepeopleanunbelievablyaccurateexactpredictionofoneofthegreatesteventsofthe20thcentury.72.JulesVernewrotehisstoryofaman’svisittothemoonabout_________.A.100yearsbeforetheApolloⅡmissionB.10yearsbeforetheApolloⅡmissionC.fourandonehalfcenturiesagoD.100yearsago73.Verne’sstoryaboutthefirstjourneytothemoonisverysimilarto_________.A.thesecondUSspacemissionB.theApolloⅡmissionC.LeonardodaVinci’sstoryD.numerousotherbooksonthesamesubject74.ThepassagesuggeststhatJulesVerne_________.A.developedthelawsofphysicsB.basedhiswritingsontheworksofLeonardodaVinciC.wasveryluckyinwhathehaddescribedaboutthefutureD.knewagreatdealaboutthelawsofphysicsandastronomy75.Thepassagemainlydescribes_________.A.therapidprogressofmankindB.Verne’saccuratepredictionofthefutureC.the1969ApolloⅡmoonmissionD.the19thcenturyscienceandtechnology
Doyoustillremembertheinterestingquestion:whydidthechickencrosstheroad?TogettotheothersidE.MostpeopleknowthisjokE.ButrecentlysomepeoplehavebeenmuchmoreconcernedwithhowthegrizzlybearandmountainlioncancrosstheroaD.MillionsofanimalsdieeachyearonUSroadstheFederalHighwayAdministrationreports.Infactonlyabout80ocelotsanendangeredwildcatexistintheUStoday.Themainreason?Roadkill.Ecopassagesmayhelpanimalscrosstheroadwithoutbeinghitbycars.Theyarepathsbothoverandunderroads.TheseecopassagescanbeextremelyusefulsothatwildlifecanavoidhumanconflictssaidJodiHiltyoftheWildlifeConservationSociety.Butdoanimalsactuallyusetheecopassages?Theanswerisyes.PaulBeierofNorthernArizonaUniversityfoundfootmarksleftbymountainlionsonanecopassagethatwentunderahighway.ThisshowedthatthelionusedthepassagE.Buildersofsomeecopassagestrytomakethemlooklikeanaturalpartofanareabyplantingtreesonandaroundthem.Animalsseemtobecatchingon.Animalsasdifferentassalamandersandgrizzlybearsareusingthebridgesandunderpasses.ThenexttimeyouvisitaparkordrivethroughanareawithalotofwildlifelookarounD.Youmightseeananimaloverpass!51.Thewriterusestheexampleofocelotstoshowthat__________.A.wildanimalshavebecomemoredangerousB.thedrivingconditionshaveimprovedgreatlyC.themeasureforprotectingwildlifefailstoworkD.anincreasingnumberofanimalsarekilledinroadaccidents52.Fromthenewsstoryweknowanecopassageis__________.A.anundergroundpathforcarsB.afencebuiltforthesafetyoftheareaC.abridgeforanimalstogetoverariverD.apassforanimalstocrosstheroad53.Whenthewritersaysthatanimalsseemtobecatchingonhemeans_______.A.animalsbegintorealizethedangersontheroadB.animalsbegintolearntouseecopassagesC.animalsarecrossingtheroadingroupsD.animalsareincreasinginnumber54.Thewriterasksvisitorsanddriverstolookaroundwhentravelingbecause.A.wildanimalsmayattackcarsB.wildanimalsmayjamtheroadC.theymayseewildanimalsintheparkD.theymayseewildanimalsonecopassages
Itseemsthatthere’sagoodreasonwhydogshaveremainedasman’sbestfrienD.Scientistshavefoundthatdogsaretheonlyanimalsthatcanreademotioninfacesmuchlikehumans.Thefindingsuggeststhatlikeanunderstandingfrienddogscanseeataglanceifwearehappysadpleasedorangry.Whenhumanslookatanewfacetheireyesusuallywanderleftfallingontherighthandsideoftheperson’sfacefirst.Thisleftgazebias左视偏好onlyhappenswhenwelookatfacesanddoesnotapply应用于anyothertimesuchaswhenlookingatanimalsorobjects.Apossiblereasonforthetendency倾向isthattherightsideofthehumanfaceisbetteratexpressingemotions.ResearchersattheUniversityofLincolnhavenowshownthatpetdogsalsohaveleftgazesbiasbutonlywhenlookingathumanfaces.NootheranimalhasbeenknowntoshowthisbehaviorbeforE.AteamledbyDrKunGuoshowed17dogsimages形象ofhumandogandmonkeyfacesaswellasobjects.Filmofthedog’seyeandheadmovementsshowsastrongleftgazebiaswhentheanimalswerepresentedwithhumanfaces.Butthisdidnothappenwhentheywereshownotherimagesincludingthoseofdogs.Guosuggeststhatoverthousandsofgenerationsofassociation交往withhumansdogsmayhavedevelopedtheleftgazebiasasawaytoguessouremotionsNewScientistmagazinereporteD.Recentstudiesshowthattherightsideofourfacescanexpressemotionsmoreaccuratelythantheleft.Iftruethenitmakessensefordogs—andhumans—toseetherighthandsideofafacefirst.56.Thereasonwhydogsareman’sbestfriendisthat_______.A.theycanreadourfacialemotionseasilyB.theycanhelpusinmanywaysC.theyaretheonlyanimalthatcanprotectusD.theyareeasytodealwith57.Theleftgazebiasonlyhappenswhenwelookat_______.A.animalsB.plantsC.peopleD.dogs58.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat______.A.theleftsideofthehumanfaceisbetteratexpressingemotionsB.onlypetdogshaveleftgazebiasC.DrKunGuoisateamleaderD.Theleftgazebiashappenswhendogswerepresentedwithimagesofdogs59.Thepassagemainlywantstotellusthat______.A.dogsareman’sbestfriendB.whatistheleftgazebiasC.dogscanguessouremotionsD.dogsreademotionsthesameashumans60.Theunderlinedwordaccuratelyinthelastparagraphprobablymeans_______.A.luckilyB.exactlyC.slowlyD.easily
Haveyoueverwonderedwhybirdssing?Maybeyouthoughtthattheywerejusthappy.Afterallyouprobablysingorwhistle吹口哨whenyouarehappy.Doyouknowwhataterritoryis?A.territoryisanareathatananimalusuallythemaleclaims声称asitsown.OnlyheandhisfamilyarewelcometherE.Nootherfamiliesofthesamespecies物种arewelcomE.YouryardandhouseareyourterritorywhereonlyyourfamilyandfriendsarewelcomE.Ifastrangershouldenteryourterritoryandthreatenyouyoumightshout.Probablythiswouldbeenoughtofrightenhimaway.Ifsoyouhaveactuallyscaredthestrangerawaywithouthavingtofighthim.A.birddoesthesamething.Butheexpectsnooutsidersalmostanytimeespeciallyatnesting筑巢season.Soheisscreamingallthetimewhetherhecanseeanoutsiderornot.Thisscreamingiswhatwecallabird’ssonganditisusuallyenoughtokeepanoutsideraway.Birdssingloudestinthespringwhentheyaretryingtoattractamateandwarnothersnottoentertheterritoryoftheirs.Youcanseethatbirdshavealanguageoftheirown.Mostofithastodowithattractingmatesandsettingupterritories.56.Somescientistsbelievethatmostofthetimebirds’singingisactually.A.anexpressionofhappinessB.awayofwarningC.anexpressionofangerD.awayofgreeting57.Whatisabird’sterritory?A.A.placewherefamiliesofotherspeciesareaccepteD.B.A.placewhereabirdmayshoutatthetopofitsvoicE.C.Anareaforwhichbirdsfightagainsteachother.D.Anareawhichabirdconsiderstobeitsown.58.Whydobirdskeeponsingingatnestingseason?A.Becausetheywanttoinvitemorefriends.B.Becausetheirsinginghelpsfrightenoutsidersaway.C.BecausetheywanttofindoutsidersarounD.D.Becausetheirsinginghelpsgetridoftheirfears.59.Howdoesthewriterexplainbirds’singing?A.Bycomparingbirdswithhumanbeings.B.Byreportingexperimentresults.C.Bydescribingbirds’dailylifE.D.Bytellingabird’sstory.60.Wherewillyouprobablyfindthepassage?A.A.textbookB.A.newspaperC.A.sciencereportD.A.guidebook
MemorytheysayisamatterofpracticeandexercisE.Ifyouhavethewishandreallymakeaconsciouseffortthenyoucanquiteeasilyimproveyourabilitytorememberthings.Butevenifyouaresuccessfultherearetimeswhenyourmemoryseemstoplaytricksonyou.Sometimesyourememberthingsthatreallydidnothappen.OnemorninglastweekforexampleIgotupandfoundthatIhadleftthefrontdoorunlockedallnightyetIclearlyrememberlockingitcarefullythenightbeforE.Memorytricksworktheotherwayaswell.OnceinawhileyouremembernotdoingsomethingandthenfindoutthatyoudiD.OnedaylastmonthforexampleIwassittinginabarbershopwaitingformyturntogetahaircutandsuddenlyIrealizedthatIhadgotahaircuttwodaysbeforeatthebarbershopacrossthestreetfrommyofficE.Wealwaysseemtofindsomethingfunnyandamusinginincidentscausedbypeople’sforgetfulnessorabsent-mindedness.Storiesaboutabsent-mindedprofessorshavebeentoldforyearsandwenevergettiredofhearingnewones.Unfortunatelyhoweverabsent-mindednessisnotalwaysfunny.TherearetimeswhentricksofourmemorycancauseusgreattroublE.64.Ifyouwanttohaveagoodmemoryyoushould________.A.forceyourselftorememberthingsB.makeaconsciouseffortofpracticeandexerciseC.neverstoplearningD.tryhardtorememberthings65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Onenightthewriterforgottolockthefrontdoor.B.Onenightthewriterforgothavinglockedthefrontdoor.C.Thewriterrememberedtolockthedoor.D.Thewriterrememberedunlockingthefrontdoor.66.FromthesentenceWenevergettiredofhearingnewoneswecaninferthat.A.weenjoyhearingnewstoriesaboutabsent-mindednessofprofessorsB.wedon’twanttoknowanythingmoreaboutabsent-mindednessofprofessorsC.wewillnevergettiredoflisteningtonewstoriesaboutabsent-mindednessD.absent-mindednesshappensnotonlytoprofessorsbuttomanyotherpeople
AgriculturalexpertsmetinEthiopialastweektodiscusswaystohelpsub-SaharanAfricabecomeamajorproducerofwheat.TheareatraditionallyproducedlittlewheatwhileNorthAfricawasthegrainbasket.Wheatproductionfellsharplyinsub-Saharancountriesduringthe1980s.Inthe1960sattemptsweremadetogrowwheatinsub-SaharanAfrica.includingSouthAfricaandZimbabwe.ButthosecountriesfounditwaslesscostlytoimportwheatfromEuropeandtheUnitedStates.AnotherproblemisthatAfrica'swheatfarmswereoftenfarfrompopulationcenters.Therealsoweretransportationissues.Andsomelowlandswerenotagoodplacetogrowwheat.HansJoachimBraun.oneoftheexpertssaysnowisagoodtimetoincreasewheatproduction.Inthelastfouryearswehaveseenthreemajorpricehikeswherethewheatpriceandotherstapleprocess主食加工exploded.AndthatputsabigbigbilloncountrieswhicharedependingonwheatimportsandAfricaisthebiggestwheatimporter.Healsosaysdemandforwheatinsub-SaharanAfricaisgrowingfasterthanforanyothercrop.Withhigherincomepeoplewouldliketohavemorediversifiedfood.Butthatispossiblenotthemostimportantone.Themostimportantoneisthatthereisatremendousmigrationofinparticularmalelabortothecities.Andwheatproductsareconvenientfoodbecauseyoucaneasilybuyit.It'seasytoprocessandyoualsocanstoreitforafewdayswhichisdifferentfromsomeofthemaizeandriceproducts.TherearethreepossiblechallengesforgrowingmorewheatinAfricaclimatechangediseaseandpestslikeinsects.Mr.Braunsaysrisingtemperaturesshouldnothaveamajoreffectonwheat.Infacthesaysitcouldhelpwheatgrowinareaswithhighrainfalltotals.Asforfightingdiseaseandpestsexpertssuggestgrowingmoreresistantcrops.Inadditionrailroadsandroadswouldhavetobeimprovedsolargeamountsofwheatcouldbemovedtolargemarkets.71.Thesharpfallofwheatproductionduringthe1980siscausedbythefollowingexceptthat.A.toimportwheatfromEuropeandtheUnitedStatesiseconomicB.Africa'swheatfarmswereoftenfarfrompopulationcentersC.somelowlandswerenotsuitabletogrowwheatD.farmerstheredidn'tattempttogrowwheat72.WhatdoesthewordhikesinParagraph3probablyreferto?A.bigchangesB.largeincreasesC.longtripsD.bigbills73.Wheatpriceexplodingindicates.A.sub-SaharancountriesneedtoincreasewheatproductionbadlyB.sub-SaharancountrieshavetoissuemoremoneyC.sub-SaharancountriesshouldgrowmoreCornD.importingmuchwheatisurgent74.Higherdemandforwheatinsub-SaharanAfricamainlyresultsfrom.A.thelargenumberofhungrypeoplethereB.thediversifiedneedofhigherincomepeopleC.malelaborcrowdingintothecitiesD.thehigherwheatprice75.AccordingtoMr.BraunthemainchallengesforgrowingmorewheatinAfricaare.A.climatechangeanddiseaseB.risistantcropsandclimatechangeC.risingtemperaturesanddiseaseandpestsD.diseaseandpestsandinconvenienttransportation
Timeandhowweexperienceithavealwayspuzzledus.Physicistshavecreatedfascinatingtheoriesbuttheirtimeismeasuredbyapendulum钟摆andisnotpsychologicaltimewhichleapswithlittleregardtotheclockorcalendar.AssomeonewhounderstoodthedifferenceremarkedWhenyousitwithanicegirlfortwohoursitseemslikeaminutebutwhenyousitonahotstoveaminuteseemsliketwohours.PsychologistshavelongnoticedthatlargerunitsoftimesuchasmonthsandyearsflyonswifterwingsasweagE.Theyalsonotethatthemoretimeisstructuredwithschedulesandappointmentsthemorerapidlyitseemstopass.Forexampleadayattheofficefliescomparedwithadayatthebeach.Sincemostofusspendfewerdaysatthebeachandmoreattheofficeasweageanincreaseinstructuredtunecouldwellbetoblameforwhytimeseemstospeedupaswegrowolder.Expectationandfamiliarityalsomaketimeseemtoflowmorerapidly.Almostallofushavehadtheexperienceofdrivingsomewherewe’veneverbeenbeforE.Surroundedbyunfamiliarscenerywithnorealideaofwhenwe’llarriveweexperiencethetripaslastingalongtimE.ButthereturntripalthoughexactlyaslongseemstotakefarlesstimE.TheunfamiliarityofthejourneyhasbecomeroutinE.Thustakingadifferentrouteonoccasioncanoftenhelpslowtheclock.Whendaysbecomeasidenticalasbeads小珠子onastringtheymixtogetherandevenmonthsbecomeasingleday.Tofightthistrytofindwaystointerruptthestructureofyourday—tostoptimE.LearningsomethingnewisoneofthewaystoslowthepassageoftimE.Oneofthereasonsthedaysofouryouthseemssofullandlongisthatthesearethedaysoflearninganddiscovery.Formanyofuslearningendswhenweleaveschoolbutthisdoesn’thavetobE.68.Thequotationinthefirstparagraphisusedtoindicate______.A.psychologicaltimeisquitepuzzlingB.timeshouldnotbemeasuredbyapendulumC.physicaltimeisdifferentfrompsychologicaltimeD.physicaltheoryhasnothingtodowiththetruesenseoftime69.Whydounitsoftimeflyfasteraswegrowolder?A.Oursenseoftimechanges.B.Wespendlesstimeatthebeach.C.MoretimeisstructuredandscheduleD.D.Timeisstructuredwithtoomanyappointments.70.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ItgivesvariousexplanationsabouttimE.B.Itdescribeshowweexperiencetimepsychologically.C.ItshowsthedifferentideasofphysicistsandpsychologistsontimE.D.Itexplainswhytimefliesfastandhowtoslowitdownpsychologically.
PeoplehavestrangeideasaboutfooD.ForexamplethetomatoisakindofverydeliciousvegetablE.Itisoneofusefulplantsthatcanbepreparedinmanyways.Ithasrichnutritionandvitamininit.Butinthe18thcenturyAmericansneveratetomatoes.Theygrewthemintheirgardensbecausetomatoplantsaresopretty.Buttheythoughtthevegetablewaspoisonous有毒的.Theycalledtomatoespoisonapples.PresidentThomasJeffersonhoweverknewthattomatoesweregoodtoeat.Hewasalearnedman.HehadbeentoPariswherehelearnedtolovethetasteoftomatoes.Hegrewmanykindsoftomatoesinhisgarden.ThePresidenttaughthiscookawayforacreamoftomatosoup.ThisbeautifulpinksoupwasservedatthePresident’sparty.ThegueststhoughtthesouptastedreallygooD.Theyneverthoughttheirpresidentwouldservehishonoredguestspoisonapples.Jeffersonneverspoketohishonored忠实的guestsaboutthefact.36.Afteryoureadthepassagewhichofthefollowingdoyouthinkistrue?A.Americansneveratetomatoesaftertheybegantoplantthem.B.Americansdidn’teattomatoesbefore19thcentury.C.EvennowAmericansdon’teattomatoes.D.Inthe18thcenturyAmericansatealotoftomatoes.37.ThepassagetellsusthatJeffersonwasaPresidentwholearnedtolovethetasteoftomatoes.A.whilehewasinParisB.whenhewasalittleboyC.becausehisparentstoldhimsoD.frombooks38.Accordingtothetext_______madethebeautifulpinksoupservedatthePresident’sparty?A.thePresidenthimselfB.aFrenchcookC.thePresident’scookD.thePresident’swife39.FromthepassageweknowallthehonoredguestsinvitedbyJeffersonwere.A.peoplefromothercountriesB.fromFranceC.peopleofhisowncountryD.menonly40.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.AlloftheguestsknewthesoupthatwasservedatthePresident’spartywasmadeoftomatoes.B.AllofthegueststhoughtthesoupwhichwaspreparedbythePresident’scookwasnicE.C.AllofthegueststhoughtthetasteofthebeautifulpinksoupwasnicE.D.Noneoftheguestsknewthattheirpresidentwouldservehishonoredguestspoisonapples.
Somethingwokemeatfourinthemorningandit’sagoodthingitdiD.A.polarbearwasabouttoattackthetentrightabovemyheaD.Asclaws爪startedtoripthefabricIkickedandscreameD.ThatwokemybrotherEricwhochargedafterthebearwithacampshovel.Inthechaos混乱ImanagedtofindourshotgunfireintheairacoupleoftimesandscareoffthebearforgooD.EricandIwereattemptingthefirstkite-skiingcrossingofthefrozenNorthwestPassagE.WehadsetoffinMarch2012fromTukoyaktukinCanada’sNorthwestTerritoriesandhopedtoendonBaffinIslandNunavutwherewehadgrownup.Ourparentsareadventureguidessowespentweekendsondog-sledslearningtohavefuninthecolD.Asteenagerswetookupkite-skiing—catchingthestrongpolarwindswithakitetopullusovertheiceandsnow.Nowwe’reshowinghowitcanopennewroutesbymovingexpeditionsquicklyoverlongdistances.OnthistripthenativeInuittracked追踪ourprogressthroughtheradiointerviewswedidalongtheway.Whenwegottoatowntheywerealwayswaitingforus.After85daysand2050mileswepulledintoPondInletonBaffinIslandwherepeoplewelcomeduswithasquaredancE.Therewasonlyonethingforustodo.Wetookoffourskisandjoinedin.Webelievewhatwearedoingisofmeanings:toinspiretheyouthstogetoutdoorsandgetactivepromotingahealthylifestyleandloveofnaturE.64.Whathappenedonemorningduringtheiradventure?A.A.polarbearwaskilledbythem.B.A.polarbearwastoattackthetent.C.A.polarbearwasabouttoentertheirlifE.D.A.polarbearbegantoescapefromthetent.65.Howdidthetwobrotherstravelintheiceandsnow?A.SomedogsdrewtheirsleD.B.KiteswereputinuseinpullingthesleD.C.TheyflewthekitestogetherwiththewinD.D.ThetwobrothersdrewthesledinthewinD.66.Whydidthetwobrotherscarryouttheadventure?A.Becausetheywantedtotrytoopennewroutes.B.Becausetheirparentsaskedthemtotryagain.C.BecausetheywantedtoshowofftheircouragE.D.BecausetheywantedtowarnthedangerofpolaradventurE.67.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Twobravebrothers.B.AcrossthePolarIcE.C.Meetingwithpolarbears.D.A.waytoenjoycoldtogether.
Manypsychologistsintheearlytwentiethcenturybelievedthathumansuseonly10percentoftheirbrainsandeventhegreatAlbertEinsteinoncewrotethatmostpeopleuseonlyasmallportionofthegreymatterbetweentheirears.It'satheorythathasoftenbeenputforwardintelevisiondocumentaries;magazinesadvertisementsandbooksoverthepastcentury.Butnearlyallscientistsnowagreethe10percenttheoryiscompletelyunfounded.InfacttheyquestionhowthisfigurewaseverarrivedatinthefirstplaceandwhatareasofthebrainaresupposedtobeunneedeD.Thetheorysupposesthatif90percentofthebrainwereremovedapersonwouldStillbeabletofunctionnormallywhileinrealityitisknownthatdamagetoevenasmallareaofthebraincanresultinextremelyseriousphysicalinjurydifferentactivitiesandthatmanyareasofthebrainareusedatthesametimeforsomecomplexactivitiesorthoughtprocesses.Throughoutthecourseofonedaymost.areasofthebrainareactiveatsometimeevenduringsleep.The10percenttheorysuggeststhatcertainareaso'thebrainarenotusedbutscansslowactivitiesthroughouttheentirebrainandnotinanyseparatepart.Thefinalargumentagainstthe10percenttheoryisthefactthatdoctorscarefullymapthebrainbeforeremovingbraincancerssothattheydon'taffectotheressentialareas.Fromanevolutionarypointofviewit'shighlyunlikelybuttourcomparativelylargerbrainswouldhaveevolvedfromourancestorsiftheextraareaswerenotneedeD.Infactthereisabsolutelynoevidencesupportthe10percenttheory.41.Howdidthe10percenttheorygetsuchwidespreadpopularity?A.ItwaspromotedinvarioustypesofcopularmediA.B.AlbertEinsteinarguedstronglyinsupport.C.Itwasproveninscientificresearch.D.Fewpeoplecouldproveitwrong.42.Theunderlinedwordunfoundedischestinmeaningto_________.A.undiscoveredB.unprovenC.unknownD.unnecessary43.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothewriter?A.Weuselessthan10%ofourbrains.B.Mostbraindisordersaffectthesamepartofthebrain.C.Thebrainislessactiveduringtimesofsleep.D.The10percenttheorydoesnotmakeevolutionarysensE.44.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Peopletodayusemoreoftheirbrainthaninthepast.B.ScientificopinionaboutthetopicofbrainuseisequallydivideD.C.Ourunderstandingofthebrainhaschangedgreatlyinthepastdecades.D.Modernscientistshaveacompletepictureofhowthebrainworks.45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Topresenttwosidesofbraintheory.B.Tocriticizethe10percenttheory.C.Toexplainhowbrainworks.D.Todescribethehistoryofbrainresearch.
Cathyisatetraplegic.Shehasnotbeenabletomoveherarmslegsorspeaksincesufferingastroke中风nearlyfifteenyearsago.Recentlyshelearnedhowtocontrolaroboticarmusingherthoughts.Shenowcanusebrainactivitytoserveherselfadrink.TheAmericanwomanisoneoftwopeoplewhotookpartinaresearchprojectknownasBrainGate2.Theresearchershavespentyearsstudyinghowtohelppeoplewhoaredisabledregainmovementintheirarmsandlegs.Johnwhoisaneuroscientist神经科学家andalsowaspartoftheprojectsaidOurideaistoavoidthatdamagednervoussystemandgodirectlyfromthebraintotheoutsideworldsothebrainsignalscannotcontrolmusclebutcontrolmachinesordevices设备likeacomputeroraroboticarm.Thetwodisabledpeoplehadsmallsensorsconnectedtothepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmovement.Thedevicesmeasuredbrainactivityandsentthatinformationtoacomputer.Thecomputerhasspecialsoftwarethatturnstheinformationintodigitalcommandsforoperatingotherdevices.Theresearchersusedahighlydevelopedroboticarmtorecreatehumanactions.TheBrainGateteamhaditsfirstsuccessin2006.Avictimwasabletousethebrain—computersystemtocontrolacomputermouse.Johnsaysthelatestdevelopmentusingroboticarmsisamajorvictory.AvideoofthelatestexperimentshowsCathyusingtheroboticarmtopickupacupofcoffee.Sheguidesthecuptowardhermouthmovesitforwardanddrinksthroughastraw.LeadresearcherLeighHochbergsaiditwasanunbelievablemoment?Theresearchteamcardedoutalmost200testswithtwodifferentroboticarmswhichwereabletopickuptheirtargetobjects43％to66％ofthetime.Theresearchersarecallingtheinformationverypromising.Buttheysayitwilltakeyearstofullydevelopthetechnologyforeverydayuse.71.WhatcanweknowaboutCathyfromthispassage?A.Sheisanexpertaboutthestroke.B.Sheisadisabledwomanwhocan'twalkatall.C.Sheisascientistandisalsopartoftheproject.D.Sheisaresearchertakingpartintheproject.72.Howdoestheroboticarmwork?73.WhydidLeighHochbergsayitwasanunbelievablemoment?A.Becausethelatestexperimentofusingroboticarmshassucceeded.B.BecausetheBrainGateteamhaditsfirstSuccessin2006.C.Becausethetwodisabledpeoplecanmoveandspeak.D.Becausehewaspartoftheproject.74.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.Thetechnologyhadbeenputintousebefore2006.B.Itwillbeseveralmonthsbeforethetechnologycomesintodailyuse.C.Quiteafewexperimentshavebeencarriedoutforthetechnology.D.Thetworoboticarmscouldn'tpickuptheirtargetobjects.75.What'sthepurposeoftheresearchproject?A.Tohelpthedisabledpeopletomoveandspeak.B.Tohelpthebrain-computersystemtocontrolacomputermouse.C.Tohelpthedisabledpeopleusebrainactivitytoservethemselvesadrink.D.Tohelpthedisabledpeopletogetmovementliketheirarmsandlegsagain.
Michaelatypical典型的Americanstayshomeonworkdays.Heplugsintohispersonalcomputerterminal接线端inordertoconnectwiththeofficE.Afterworkheputsonhisheadphoneswatchesamovieonhishomevideorecorderorplaysbaseballonthecomputer.OnmanydaysMichaeldoesn’ttalktoanyotherhumanbeingsandhedoesn’tseeanypeopleexcepttheonesontelevision.MichaelisimaginarybuthislifestyleisverypossiblE.Theinventionsofmoderntechnologyseemtobecuttingusofffromcontactwithourfellowhumanbeings.Theworldofbusinessisoneareainwhichtechnologyisisolating使隔离us.ExpertssayforexamplethatmanypeoplewillsoonbeabletoworkathomE.Withaccesstoalargecentralcomputeremployeessuchasofficeclerksinsuranceagentsandaccountantscoulddotheirjobsatdisplayterminalsintheirownhomes.Theywouldneverhavetoactuallyseethepeoplethey’redealingwith.InadditionthewayemployeesarepaidwillchangE.Workers’salarieswillbeautomaticallypaidintotheirbankaccounts账户makingpaperchecks支票unnecessary.Noworkerswillstandinlinetoreceivetheirpayorcashtheirchecks.Personalbankingwillchangetoo.Customerswilldealwithmachinestoputinortakeoutmoneyfromtheiraccounts.Anotherareathattechnologyischangingisentertainment.MusicforinstancewasonceagroupexperiencE.Peoplelistenedtomusicatconcerthallsorinsmallsocialgatherings.FormanypeoplenowhowevermusicisanindividualexperiencE.Walkingalongthestreetorsittingintheirlivingroomstheywearheadphonestobuildawallofmusicaroundthem.Movieentertainmentischangingtoo.Moviesusedtobesocialevents.NowfewerpeoplearegoingouttoseeamoviE.ManymorearechoosingtowaitforafilmtoappearontelevisionorareborrowingvideotapestowatchathomE.Insteadoflaughingwithothersviewerswatchmoviesintheirownlivingrooms.1.ThesentenceMichaelisimaginarybuthislifestyleisverypossiblemeans____.A.MichaelisapersonfullofimaginationandhecanmakehisdreamscometrueB.MichaelisnotarealpersonbutprobablythelifestyledoesexistC.MichaelhasambitionsbuthecantmakehisdreamscometrueD.Michaelisapersonfullofimaginationandhislifestyleiscommonnowadays2.Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydiscussafterthelastparagraph?A.Gamesandsports.B.Personalbanking.C.Musicandfilms.D.Internationalbusiness.3.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Wemaynolongerneedtocommunicatewithotherhumanbeings.B.Moderntechnologyseemstobeseparatinghumanbeings.C.WemaynolongerneedtoworkintheofficE.D.ModerntechnologymakesitpossibleforustoworkandentertainourselvesathomE.
Catchyourselfdaydreamingwhilewashingthedishesagain?Ifthishappensoftenyouprobablyhaveaprettycapableworkingmemoryandasharperbrainnewresearchsuggests.Thismindwanderingitseemsactuallygivesyourworkingmemoryaworkout.WorkingmemoryisthementalworkspacethatallowsthebraintojugglemultiplethoughtsatthesametimE.ThemoreworkingmemoryapersonhasthemoredaydreamingtheycandowithoutforgettingthetaskathanD.ResearchersstudiedgroupsofpeoplefromtheUniversityofWisconsin－Madisoncommunityranginginagefrom18to65.Thevolunteerswereaskedtoperformsimpletaskslikepressingabuttoneverytimetheytookabreathorclickinginresponsetoaletterpoppinguponacomputerscreen;thesetasksweresoeasythattheirmindswerelikelytowandertheresearchersfigureD.Theresearcherscheckedinperiodicallyaskingtheparticipantsiftheirmindswereontaskorwandering.Whenthetaskwasovertheymeasuredeachparticipant'sworkingmemorycapacitybyhavingthemrememberletterswhiledoingmathquestions.Thoughallparticipantsperformedwellonthetasktheresearchersnoticedthattheindividualswhoindicatedtheirmindshadwanderedmorethanothersalsoscoredhigherontheworkingmemorytest.Whatthisstudyseemstosuggestisthatwhencircumstancesforthetaskaren'tverydifficultpeoplewhohaveadditionalworkingmemoryresourcesallocatethemtothinkaboutthingsotherthanwhatthey'redoingsaidJonathanSmallwoodastudyresearcheroftheMaxPlanckInstituteforHumanCognitveandBrainSciencE.Whenourmindsrunoutofworkingmemorytheseoff－topicthoughtscantakethemainstagewithoutusconsciouslymeaningthemto;forinstancearrivingathomewithnomemoryoftheactualtriporsuddenlyrealizingthatthey'veturnedseveralpagesinabookwithoutunderstandinganyofthewords.It'salmostlikeyourattentionwassoabsorbedinthemindwanderingthattherewasn'tanyleftovertorememberyourgoaltoreadstudyresearcherDanielLevinsonsaidinastatement.Peoplewithoverallhigherworkingmemorywerebetterabletostayfocusedwhenthetaskathandrequiredit.Thosewhohadlowworkingmemoryoftenhadtheirthoughtsdriftawayfromthetaskanddidlesswellatit.Thefindingsaddtopastresearchsuggestingtheseminddriftscanbepositivemoments.Forinstancedaydreaminghasoftenbeenassociatedwithcreativity—researchersthinkthatourmostcreativeandinventivemomentscomewhendaydreaming.It'slikelythatthemostintelligentamongusalsohavehighlevelsofworkingmemoryLevinsonnoteD.40.Thewordjuggleinthesecondparagraphcanbereplacedby________.A.handleB.searchC.understandD.distribute41.WhatcanbeconcludedfromJonathanSmallwood'swords?A.Peoplewhooftenhavedaydreamsprobablyownaprettycapableworkingmemory.B.OntheworkingmemorytestpeoplewithwanderingmindswillgethighscorE.C.Absorbedinthemindwanderingyourattentionleftnospaceforyourgoal.D.Dealingwithsomeeasyjobspeoplewithhigherworkingmemorywilldaydream.42.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.MinddriftsarealwayspositivE.B.DaydreamingisgoodfortheminD.C.Creativemomentscomewithworkingmemory.D.Themoredaydreamingthemoreeffectivelyoneworks.
ThereisaveryspecialwolfthatlivesinAfricA.TheyareactuallycalledtheAfricanwilddogorpainteddogs.Theseanimalsliveinopenwoodlands.orintheplainsofAfricA.TodayhowevermostoftheanimalscanbefoundineasternorsouthernAfricA.Theseanimalsarebeautiful.Theyhaveroundedearsinsteadofpointedlikemostdogsandtheyhavefourtoes脚趾oneachoftheirfeetalsoauniquecharacteristicbecauseotherdogshavefivE.Theirfurisalwaysdifferentfromeachother.Thefurisusuallyacombinationofblackbrownredandwhiteandsometimesevenyellow.Nowonderthey’recalledthepaintedwolf.TheAfricanwilddogisaverysocialanimal.Theyliveingroupsandhavenumbersfromfivetoabouttwenty.Themembersofagrouparealwaysveryclosetooneanother.TheycommunicateintheirownlanguageorbodylanguagE.Whensomeoneisveryoldorsicktheotherswillhelpandtheyarewillingtosharethefoodwitheldersandwiththosewhoareweakwhichiswhatweshouldlearnfrom.Thefamilydoeseverythingtogetherfromraisingyoungtosleepingtogethertohunting.Whentheyhunttheyworktogetherusingteamworktokillanimalsthatarelargerthanthem.Theysometimeshuntfarmanimals.Thisisunfortunatebecausebothpoachers偷猎者andpeoplewhoownfarmsshootthepainteddogswhoarejusttryingtosurvivE.BeforethereusedtobemanylargegroupsthroughoutthelandbutnowtheAfricanwilddogisveryrarE.Theyarealsolosingtheirpopulationbecauseoftheirownlossofhabitatthankstohuman’sfarmingandforestcutting.51.WhydoAfricanwilddogsgetthenamepainteddogs?A.Theyallhavecolorfulfur.B.Thedogsinthesamegroupareofdifferentcolors.C.Artistslovetopaintthemindifferentcolors.D.Noneofthemhasthesamecolor.52.AccordingtotheauthorwhatshouldwelearnfromAfricanwilddogs?A.Theyalwaysdoeverythingtogether.B.Theyarealwaysveryclosetooneanother.C.Theyhelpthesicktheelderlyandtheweak.D.TheycommunicateintheirownlanguagE.53.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhyAfricanwilddogsarebecomingveryrare?A.Poacherskillsomeofthem.B.Theyareshortoffoodsometimes.C.Theyarelosingtheirhabitat.D.Farmersshootsomeofthem.54.Wherecouldthispassageprobablybefound?A.TheTravelersB.FashionWeeklyC.AnimalWorldD.StarMagazine
What’sdelicioustoeatandcomesinavarietyofcolors?Eggplant!Andnoithasnothingtodowithchickens!Thisstrangelynamedvegetableishoweverasversatileasanegg.Itcanbesteamedfriedandbaked.Itcanbeeatenbyitselforcombinedwithmeatsandothervegetables.EggplantwasfirstgrowninIndiainthe5thcenturyBC.ItspopularitysoonspreadtoChinaandthenthroughoutAsia.FinallyduringtheMiddleAgesthevegetablemadeitswaytoEurope.Atthattimeeggplantwasnottheshinypurplevegetablemostpeopleknowtoday.Insteadit’slikeawhiteegg.Duetothisegg-likeappearanceeggplantgotitsname.InitsearlydaysthevegetablewassobitterthatpeopleoftencalleditamadapplE.Thisnicknamestartedbecausepeoplebelieveditsbitternesswasbadforone’shealth.Peopleactuallythoughteggplantcouldcausemadnessandcancer.Fortunatelytodaypeopleknowthateggplantdoesn'tcauseinsanityorcancer.Infacteggplantissohealthythatitmaypreventcancer.Inadditionthebrainandtheheartbenefitfromthissupervegetable.Sinceit’shighinfibreeggplantcanimprovedigestion.ItalyTurkeyEgyptChinaandJapanaretheleadinggrowersofeggplantintheworldtoday.Dependingonitslocationeggplantmaybepurplegreenorangeoryellow-white.Anditcanbeassmallasatomatooraslargeasacucumber.Dishvarietiesrangefromsimpletocomplexwithallofthembeingdelicious.TodaythousandsofpeoplegatherinLoomisCaliffortheannualLoomisEggplantFestival.Themainactivityatthefestivaliseatingdeliciouseggplantdishes.Thereisplentymoretodoandseethough.Recipecontestsartsandcraftsperformersracesandchildren’sactivitiesallegg-citefestival-goers.Mostpeopleatthefestivalwouldagree-----eggplantisanegg-cellentvegetable.60.Eggplantgotitsnamebecauseofits_____.A.appearanceB.tasteC.colorD.value61.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothequalitiesofeggplant?A.Itcanbecookedinvariousways.B.Itiseasytodigest.C.Itcanpreventcancer.D.Itisvaluableandpriceless.62.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.EggplantcanbeeatentocurecancerB.Eggplantusedtotastebitter.C.Indiaproducesthemosteggplantintheworldtoday.D.Eggplanthasahistoryofnearly1000years.63.MostpeoplecometotheLoomisEggplantFestivalto_____.A.seeartsandcraftsB.enjoyfoodwitheggplantsC.takepartinrecipecontestsD.promoteeggplant
Birdsthatarehalf-asleep—withonebrainhemispherealertandtheothersleeping—controlwhichsideofthebrainremainsawakeaccordingtoanewstudyofsleepingducks.Earlierstudieshavedocumentedhalf-brainsleepinawiderangeofbirds.Thebrainhemispherestaketurnssinkingintothesleepstagecharacterizedbyslowbrainwaves.Theeyecontrolledbythesleepinghemispherekeepsshutwhilethewakefulhemisphere’seyestaysopenandalert.BirdsalsocansleepwithbothhemispheresrestingatoncE.Decadesofstudiesofbirdgroupsledresearcherstopredictextraalertnessintheend-of-the-rowsleeperswhichtendtobeattackedmoreeasily.Sureenoughtheendbirdstendedtowatchcarefullyonthesideawayfromtheircompanions.Ducksintheinnerspotsshowednopreferenceforgazedirection.Alsobirdsnappingattheendofthelinedependonsingle-hemispheresleepratherthantotalrelaxationmoreoftenthaninnerducksdiD.Turning16birdsthroughthepositionsinafour-duckrowtheresearchersfoundthatcomparedwith12percentforbirdsininternalspotsouterbirdshalf-asleepduringsome32percentofnappingtimE.Webelievethisisthefirstevidenceforananimalbehaviorallycontrollingsleepandwakefulnessatthesametimeindifferentregionsofthebraintheresearcherssay.Theresultsprovidethebestevidenceforalong-standingassumptionthatsingle-hemispheresleepevolvedascreaturesscannedforenemies.Thepreferenceforopeninganeyeonthelookoutsidecouldbewidespreadhepredicts.He’sseenitinapairofbirdsnappingside-by-sideinthezooandinasinglepetbirdsleepingbyamirror.Themirror-sideeyeclosedasifthereflectionwereacompanionandtheothereyestayedopen.Usefulashalf-sleepingmightbeit’sonlybeenfoundinbirdsandsuchwateranimalsasdolphinswhalesandseals.Perhapskeepingonesideofthebrainawakeallowsasleepinganimaltosurfaceoccasionallytoavoiddrowning.Studiesofbirdsmayofferuniqueinsightsintosleep.JeromeM.SiegeloftheUCLAsayshewondersifbirds’half-brainsleepisjustthetipoftheiceberg.Hesupposesthatmoreexamplesmayturnupwhenwetakeacloserlookatotherspecies.77.Accordingtothepassagebirdsoftenhalfsleepbecause______.A.theyhavetowatchoutforpossibleattacksB.theirbrainhemispherestaketurnstorestC.thetwohalvesoftheirbrainaredifferentlystructuredD.theyhavetoconstantlykeepaneyeontheircompanions78.Whatisimpliedabouttheexampleofabird’ssleepinginfrontofamirror?A.Animaginedcompaniongivesthebirdasenseofsecurity.B.Birdsprefertosleepinpairstoamusethemselves.C.ThephenomenonofbirdsnappinginpairsiswidespreaD.D.A.singlepetbirdenjoysseeingitsownreflectioninthemirror.79.Whilesleepingsomewateranimalstendtokeephalfawakeinorderto______.A.alertthemselvestotheapproachingenemyB.emergefromwaternowandthentobreatheC.besensitivetotheever-changingenvironmentD.avoidbeingsweptawaybyrapidcurrents80.BysayingjustthetipoftheicebergSiegelsuggeststhat______.A.half-brainsleephassomethingtodowithicyweatherB.themysteryofhalf-brainsleepisclosetobeingsolvedC.mostbirdslivingincoldregionstendtobehalfsleepersD.half-brainsleepmayexistamongotherspecies
Ifyougointothewoodswithyourfriendsstaywiththem.Ifyoudon’tyoumaygetlost.Ifyoudogetlostthisiswhatyoushoulddo.SitdownandstaywhereyouarE.Don’ttrytofindyourfriends—letthemfindyou.YoucanhelpthemtofindyoubystayinginoneplacE.Thereisanotherwaytohelpyourfriendsorotherpeoplenearbytofindyou.Givethemasignalbyshoutingorwhistlingthreetimes.Stop.Thenshoutorwhistlethreetimesagain.Anysignalgiventhreetimesisacallforhelp.Youwillbehelpedbyothers.Keepuptheshoutingorwhistlingalwaysthreetimestogether.Whenpeoplehearyoutheywillknowthatyouarenotjustmakingnoiseforfun.Theywillletyouknowtheyhaveheardyoursignal.Theywillgivetwoshoutstwowhistlesortwogunshots.Whenasignalisgiventwiceitisananswertoacallforhelp.Ifyoudon’tthinkthatyouwillgethelpbeforenightcomestrytomakealittlehouseandcoveruptheholeswithbrancheswithlotsofleavesandgrass.Whatshouldyoudoifyougethungryorneedtodrinksomewater?Youshouldhavetoleaveyourlittlebranchhousetolookforabrook.Don’tjustwalkaway.Pickoffsmallbranchesanddropthemasyouwalksothatyoucanfindyourwayback.Themostimportantthingtodowhenyouarelostis—stayinoneplacE.59.Howdoyouletpeoplebelievethatyouarenotjustmakingnoiseforfun?A.Stopnowandthen.B.Goonshoutingorwhistling.C.ShoutoverandoveratthetopofvoiceD.ShoutorwhistlethreetimesonceawhilE.60.Ifnobodyanswersyouafteryoursignalwhatshouldyoudothen?A.Givetwogunshots.B.Shoutlouder.C.Stopshouting.D.MakeahousE.61.Ifyoufeelthirstywhenyouarelostintheforestwhatshouldyoudo?A.Goandfindabrook.B.Lightafireandmakeyourselfsometea.C.Gotofindabrookandleavemarksbehindyou.D.Findsomethingtoholdthewater.62.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatDoThreeShotsandTwoShotsMeanInA.ForestB.HowToFindYourFriendsWhenYouAreLostInTheWoodsC.WhatToDoIfYouGetLostInA.ForestD.TheMostImportantThingToDoIsToStayInOnePlace
Youmaypicturefirefightersholdingahose水管outsideofaburningbuildingbuttheGoldenEaglesHotshotsdon’tfightfiresquitethatway.Whentheygointoactionyoumaynotevenseeafiretruck.TheHotshotsarefirefighterswhobattlefiresinwildernessareas.Butdon’tthinkyou’llonlyfindthemintheirhomestateCaliforniA.WhereverthereisanationalwildfireemergencytheGoldenEaglesHotshotscouldbetherE.Butthesefirefightersdon’tworkthesamewayasfirefightersinabigcity.Theyworkinareaswheretherearelargenumbersoftreesbushesandgrass.Theyclimbupanddownsteephillstoclearbrushandburnabledebris残骸.Theysometimesusewaterbuttheyoftenfightfirewithfire!Theydothatbylightingwhatarecalledbackfireswhicharesmallcontrolledfiresthatburnupfuelinthepathoflargerwildfires.ThatwaywhentheWildfiregetsthereithasnothingtoburnandnowheretogobecausealltheburnablefuelhasalreadygoneupinsmokE.TheHotshotsalsoclearawayfuelusingold-fashionedhardwork.ForexampletheyuseasawtocutawaytreesandheavybrushthatcouldcatchfirE.OfcoursetherearetimeswhentheGoldenEaglesHotshotsdohavetruckstosupplywatertothefires.Butthewaterislimitedandtheseguyshavetorelyonhardworkmorethananything.Physicalfitnessisveryimportant.Theyhavetobeingreatphysicalshapetohandlesteephillsanddifficultterrain地形whilecarryinga60—poundpack.TheGoldenEaglesHotshotsdefinitelyworkhardfortheirpay.Butthankstotheireffortsmanyliveshavebeensavedmanyhouseshavenotburnedandcountlesstreesarestillstanding.1.Thefirefightersmentionedinthepassage________.A.domuchoftheirworkinCaliforniaB.avoidclimbingsteephillsintheirworkC.dotheirworkequippedwithadvancedtoolsD.carryouttheirworkmostlyinforestsandmountains2.AccordingtothepassagewhydothefirefighterslightbackfiresA.Tosignalforhelp.B.Toremoveobstacles.C.Toprotecttreesandbushes.D.Topreventthefirefromspreading.3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheGoldenEaglesHotshots?A.Theyarefirefightersworkinginbigcities.B.Theirworkrequiresphysicalstrength.C.TheyarevoluntaryfirefightersworkingforfreE.D.Theyusuallyholdahosetoputoutthefires.4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheGoldenEaglesHotshots?A.AppreciativE.B.DoubtfulC.WorrieD.D.Critical.
ThelonglonelyvoyageoftheJapaneseghostshipisover.AUSCoastGuardcutterpouredcannonfireintoanabandonedJapaneseghostshipthathadbeendriftingsincelastyear’stsunamisinkingthevesselintowatersmorethan305metersdeepintheGulfofAlaskaandremovingthedangeritposedtoshippingandthecoastlineonThursday.Thecutter’sgunstoreholesinthe164-footRyou-UnMaruandthenitbegantotakeonwaterandleantooneside.InaboutfourhourstheshipdisappearedintotheseasaidChiefPettyOfficerKipWadlow.Theshiphadnolightsorcommunicationssystemanditstankwasabletocarrymorethan7570litersofdieselfuel.Officialshoweverdidn’tknowexactlyhowmuchfuelwasaboard.It’slessriskythanitwouldberunningintoshoreorrunningintoothershipscoastguardspokesmanPaulWebbsaid.TheUSNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationandtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencystudiedtheproblemanddecideditissafertosinktheshipthanletthefuelevaporateandpollutetheseaenvironment.Ryou-UnMaruwasprobablyamongthefirstwaveofthe1.5milliontonsofgarbageofrefrigeratorswashingmachinestelevisionsroofsandfishingnetsheadingtowardNorthAmericasincelastMarchwhenamagnitude-9.0earthquakestruckJapan.AsthecoastguardwasreadytofireonthevesselaCanadianfishingvesselthe19-meterBerniceCclaimedtherightstosavetheghostshipininternationalwaters.PlanstosinkitwerepausedsotheCanadiancrewcouldhaveachancetotakethestrickenship.A.CanadianofficialwithknowledgeofthesituationtoldtheAssociatedPressthattheBerniceC.wasunabletodragit.ThentheCanadianboatleftandonceitwasabout10kilometersfromtheJapanesevesseltheCoastGuardbegantofirefirstwith25mmshellsthenafewhourslaterwithammunitiontwicethatsize.StateofficialshavebeenworkingtotestthedangerofgarbageincludingmaterialsaffectedbyadamagednuclearpowerplanttoseeifAlaskaresidentsseafoodorwildanimalscouldbeaffected.60.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforsinkingtheJapaneseship?A.Ithadnolightsorcommunicationssystem.B.Itmightbewashedupontotheshore.C.Itwasadangertootherpassingships.D.Theoilitcarriedcouldpollutethesea.61.TheplantofireontheJapaneseghostshipwaspausedbecause____________.A.theghostshipwasbeyondthereachoftheCoastGuard’sgunsB.theshellswerenotpowerfulenoughtosinktheghostshipC.stateofficialsworriedtheghostshipmightgiveoutradiationD.aCanadianfishingboatwantedtosavetheghostship62.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.JapaneseghostshiparrivingatUSB.TsunamigarbageheadingtoUSC.CannonfiresinkingJapaneseghostshipD.JapaneseghostshippollutingthePacific
Onecauseofthecurrentfoodcrisisisdrought.FoodpricesarehighinpartbecauseofdryweatherinplacesasfardistantasSpainandAustralia.Aroundtheworldtheamountoflandaffectedbydroughthasdoubledinthepastthirtyyears.AndscientistsconcernedaboutclimatechangebelieveitwillcausemoredroughtinmanyareasinthefuturE.Alotofresearchisgoingintoeffortstodevelopdrought-resistantcrops.Oneprojectinvolvestobaccoplantsgeneticallyengineeredtokeeptheirleavesduringwatershortages.Theychosetobaccobecauseithasbigleaves.Alsoitgrowsfastandhasstructuralsimilaritieswithsomeotherplants.Theresearchersdidanexperimentwithtwogroupsoftobaccoplants.Theyworkedwithasetofnormalplantsandasetoftransgenicplants.Thesehadageneaddedtointerferewiththebiologicalcausesofleaflossduringdrought.Theresearchersputalltheplantsinagreenhousetogrowundernormalconditionsforfortydays.Thenforfifteendaysafterthattheplantsdidnotreceiveanywater.Thenormalplantslosttheirgreencolor.Finallytheylosttheirleaves.Buttheresearcherssaythetransgenicplantskepttheirleavesandtheircolor.Afterthefifteendrydaysalltheplantswerewateredagainforaweek.Thetransgenicplantsreturnedtonormalgrowthandtheirseedproductionwasclosetonormal.ButtheotherplantsalldieD.Inadditiontheresearchersfoundthattheplantscouldsurviveononlythirtypercentofthenormalamountofirrigationwater.YieldlosswasminortheysaiD.Thefindingsappearedlate2007intheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.TheUniversityofCaliforniahasappliedforpatentprotectionforthetechnology.TheresearchersexpecttomoveforwardwithfieldtestingofthetransgenictobaccoinlateAugust.Theyhopeforsimilarresultswithcropsliketomatoesricewheatandcotton.71.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph1that_______A.theamountoflandaffectedbydroughthasdoubledinthepastthirtyyearsintheworldB.droughtistheonlycausetoleadtothecurrentfoodcrisis.C.foodpriceswillbehigherinthefuturewiththedroughtareasextendingD.foodpriceshasnothingtodowiththeclimatechangeintheworld72.Oneprojectchoosestobaccoplantsbecause__________A.plantingtobaccocanbringingreatprofits.B.tobaccoplantshavelargeleavesandstructuralsimilaritieswithsomeotherplantsC.tobaccoplantsgrowsfastD.BothB.andC.73.Fromthebeginningtotheendtheexperimentwithtwogroupsoftobaccoplantslastsforatleast_______daysA.40B.55C.62D.7774.Theconclusiontheycandrawintheexperimentisthat________A.thetwogroupsoftobaccoplantsarethesamedrought-resistantcrops.B.thetransgenicplantscanreturntothenormaltobaccoplantsC.thetransgenicplantsneedmorewaterthanthenormalonesD.thetransgenicplantsneedlesswaterandthedecreaseofproductionissmall75.Thenextaimoftheexperimentis______A.toapplyforpatentprotectionforthetransgenictechnologyB.toincreasetheproductionofthetransgenicplantsC.tohopeforsimilarresultswithothercrops.D.tomoveforwardwithfieldtestingofthetransgenictobacco
InaworldwithlimitedlandwaterandothernaturalresourcestheharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherisE.Actuallythepastdecadehasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechangedandthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable可持续的ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwordsweshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.Todaysustainabledevelopmentisapopulartrendinmanycountries.Accordingtoarecentstudytheglobalmarketforlow-carbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecadE.Chinaforexamplehassetitsmindonleadingthatmarkethopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyrevolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomakefulluseofwindandsolarenergyandisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.Inadditionwearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil棕榈油whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownbymorethan50%.Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.Firsttheycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions排放andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besidesstrongerarrangementofpublicresourceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.FinallygovernmentscanavoidthehugeexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirectionandredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanacceleratethechangefromtraditionalmodeltoasustainableonE.Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofagrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsofthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltaskbutitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.62.ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat______.A.ItmakestheworldwarmerB.itconsumesnaturalresourcesC.itbringsseveredamagetoforestsD.itmakesgrowthhardtocontinue63.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel.B.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment.C.Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarket.D.Tocomparetwobusinessmodels.64.Tofullydevelopthelow-carbonmarketsgovernmentcan______.A.cutpublicexpensesB.forbidcarbonemissionsC.developpublicresourcesD.encourageenergypreservation65.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatbusinesseshavemanychancesto______.A.developsustainableproductsB.explorenewnaturalresourcesC.makefulluseofnaturalresourcesD.dealwiththemajorchallenge
Animalscanmovefromplacetoplacebutplantscannot.Whenananimalisunderattackitcanrunawayorfightback.Plantscertainlycannotrunawayandtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans.Someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexampletheleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines刺thatdiscouragegrass-eatinganimals.Hollyleavesonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.Someplantssuchastheoaktreehavethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassesmaycontainasandymaterial;eatingsuchgrasseswearsdowntheanimal'steeth.Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantsproducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantsmayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproductionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar毛虫bitesatobaccoleaftheleafproducesachemicalmessenger.ThismessengersendstotherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotinE.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar.Manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.A.certainplantinChinaforinstancehasprickly多刺的leavesandeachpricklecontainspoisonousvenom毒液A.singleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuturE.57.Thehollyplanthasmorespinesonthelowerleavesbecausemostanimals________.A.arenottallenoughB.likethelowerleavesonlyC.cangetthelowerleaveseasilyD.arenotcleverenough58.Todefendthemselvesoaktreesuse________.A.chemicalmeansB.sandymaterialsC.bitterchemicalsD.physicalmeans59.Howdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillar?A.ItsrootsincreasetheproductionofnicotinewhenitisattackedB.Itsrootssendamessengertodiscouragethecaterpillar.C.Itsleavesfightagainsttheattackbyphysicalmeans.D.Itsleavesproducepoisonoussandtodrivethecaterpillaraway.60.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.PlantsandAnimalsB.HowPlantsDefendThemselvesC.AttacksandDefensesD.HowAnimalsEatPlantLeaves
WhilesomescientistsoverlooktheexistenceofasixthsensefordangeranewresearchfromWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louishasidentifiedabrainareathatclearlyactsasanearlywarningsystemandhelpsusadjustourbehaviortoavoiddangeroussituations.OurbrainsarebetteratpickingupnotobviouswarningsignsthanwepreviouslythoughtsaidJoshuaBrownPhDaresearchassociateinpsychologyintheFeB.18issueofthejournalSciencE.ThefindingsofferexactscientificevidenceforanewwaytoformaconceptofthecomplexcontrolprocessestakingplaceinandaroundtheACCabrainarealocatednearthetopofthefrontallobes耳垂andalongthewallsthatdividetheleftandrighthemispheres大脑半球.InthepastwefoundactivityintheACCwhenpeoplehadtomakeadifficultdecisionoraftertheymakeamistakeBrownsaiD.ButnowwefindthatthisbrainareacanactuallylearntorecognizewhenyoumightmakeamistakeevenbeforeadifficultdecisionhastobemadE.SotheACCappearstoactasanearlywarningsystem——itlearnstowarnusinadvancewhenourbehaviormightleadtoanegativeoutcomesothatwecanbemorecarefulandavoidmakingamistakE.Byprovidingaclearerpictureofthecognitivemechanisms认知结构bywhichweselfmonitorandcontrolourbehaviorthestudyisanimportantstepineffortstodevelopmoreeffectivetreatmentsformentalillnesses.Italsoprovidesanewwayofunderstandinginappropriatebehaviorsthatoftenaccompanymentalillnesses.OurresultssuggesthowinjuryoftheACCmechanismscanleadtobreakdownsintheearlywarningsystemsothatthebrainfailstostoporcontrolinappropriatebehavioraheadoftimesaidBrown.OntheotherhandinthosepersonswithmentaldisordertheACCmightwarnofanupcomingproblemevenwhennoproblemisintheexistencE.Knowntobeanimportantpartofthebrain'scontrolsystemtheACCisbelievedtohelpadjustbetweencoldhardfact-basedreasoningandemotionalresponsessuchaslovefearorexpectation.68.AccordingtothepassagetheACC____________.A.referstothesixthsensefordangerB.dealswithobviouswarningsituationsC.connectstheleftandrighthemispheresD.sendswarningmessagesinadvance69.Thenewresearchisbeneficialbecauseit________.A.providesanewwayofavoidingmistakesB.adjustsemotionalresponsesintimeofdangerC.helpsfindbettertreatmentsformentalillnessesD.assistspeopleinpredictingandavoidingdanger70.Thenewresearchhelpsusunderstand_________.A.whywearelikelytomakemistakeswhentheACCisbadlyinjuredB.whypeoplewithmentalillnessesusuallyhavesomanystrangebehaviorsC.howtheACCworkswhensomethingdangeroushappensD.howourbrainwarnsusoffailureinadvance
热门题库
更多
教案备课库
教案备课库
汽车维修电工
高中英语
高中化学
高中政治
电大政治学原理
电大护理学
电大保险学概论
炉台实战技艺
保险公司法规
财经法规
执业兽医水生动物类
社工招聘
安全生产主体责任知识
ACI注册国籍高级营养师
湘公网安备 43130202000226号