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If you give something to someone for free, will that person value it and use it? Development expert...
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高中英语《》真题及答案
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阅读下面短文将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文.1.Whenpeoplebecamegoodatdoin
阅读下面短文将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文1Whenpeoplebecamegoodatdoingt
Forthispartyouareallowedfifteenminutestowritealett
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will give
are given
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give me any milk
give some milk to me
give any milk to me
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第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分阅读下列短文从每题题所给的四个选项A.B.C.D和E中选出最佳选项SittingtoomuchisnowlistedwithsmokingandjunkfoodasabadhabitthatincreasesyourriskofheartdiseasE.NewAustralianresearchshowsthathalf-an-hourinthegymwillnotmakeupforthewaist-expandingdamagecausedbyspendingtherestofthedaysitting.Butthegoodnewsisthatdoingchoresinthehouseorgentlywalkingaroundtheofficewhileonthephonemightbeenoughtokeepyoufit.ThestudyjoinsthegrowingbodyofevidencesuggestingtoomuchsittingmightundothebenefitsofexercisE.Thestudymeasuredtheintensityofphysicalactivitiesin168subjectsoversevendays.Itfoundthatregardlessofhowmuchexercisetheydidortheirtotalsittingtimethosewhotookmorebreaksfromsittinghadlowerriskofthickwaistsandlowerlevelsofbloodlipids脂肪.HigherlevelsofbloodlipidshavebeenlinkedtoaheightenedriskofheartdiseaseprincipalresearcherGenevieveHealyoftheUniversityofQueenslandsaiD.WhatthestudyshowsisthattherearebenefitsinjustgettingupregularlyandinterruptingyoursittingtimE.ResearchersbehindtheStandUpAustraliaprojecthavewrittentotheRuddGovernmentrequesting$3.5millionforatwo-yearstudyintotheimpactoflongsittingtimeonhealthandproductivityofworkers.ThestudywouldalsodevelopandteststrategiesforreducingsittingtimeonthejoB.Thelateststudybuildsonworkthatisshiftingthehealthpromotionfocusfrompurposefulexercisesuchasrunningtolowerintensityactivitiesthroughouttheday.TheAustralianresearchhasbeenhackedupbyUSstudies.Toholdabodythatweighs77kilogramsuprighttakesafairamountofenergyfrommusclessaidProfessorMarcHamiltonfromtheUniversityofMissouri.Thereisalargeamountofenergyassociatedwithstandingeverydaythatcannoteasilybereplacedby30to60minutesinthegym.56.What’stheaimoftheStandUpAustraliaproject?A.Tostudythefactorsinfluencingproductivityofworkers.B.Tostudythereasonsforthelongersittingtimeatwork.C.TodevelopandteststrategiesforreducingsittingtimeintheofficE.D.TodevelopandteststrategiesforreducingworkingtimE.57.Thepurposeofthelastparagraphisto.A.provideascientificbasisforthebenefitsofstandingupB.ComparetheeffectofstandingwithexercisinginthegymC.reportthenewresearchfindingsofprofessorMarcHamiltonD.figureouttheamountofenergyassociatedwithdailystanding58.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.ExerciseintheGymIsOut.B.YourOfficeChairIsKillingYou.C.A.CauseofHeartDiseasE.D.GoodNewsforWorkers.
LikeagrowingnumberofyoungwomeninVietnam’snorthernpartcityofHaiphongPhamThiHuewasinfectedwithHIVbyherhusbandoneofthetown’smanydrugusers.ButinsteadofbeingshamedintosilenceasVietnamesewithHIVandAIDSarethe25-year-oldtailorandmotherofonewentpublicappearingontelevisionandatconferences.Herbusinesssufferedandherneighborsinsulted辱骂herbutHuehasnowbecomethepublicfaceofMothersandWivesanHIV/AIDSsupportgroupestablishedinHaiphongbyaNorwegiannongovernmentalorganizationandherneighborhood’sPeople’sCommitteE.Lastyearshefoundedasmallergroupnamedafteralocalflower.Peoplewhoneedadviceontreatmentorhelppreparingbodiesforburialcandialahotlineandgetassistancefromableandsympathetic同情的HIVvictims.WegathertosupporteachotherHuesays.Whenwearesickwhatweneedmostisencouragementandcomfortfrompeoplewhounderstandoursituationandarewillingtoshareourhappinessaswellasoursadness.OnahotanddampnightlastmonthHuewelcomedintohersmallhomeaverythinwomanalsoatailorwhowasHIVpositivE.ThewomantearfullytoldHuethatshehadnottoldanyoneaboutherconditionfearingthatshewouldlosecustomersandthatherdaughterwouldbeinsultedatschool.HuebecamethewiseelderofferingmedicalandpersonaladvicE.40.WhatdidPhamThiHuedoaftershewasinfectedwithHIV?A.ShekeptsilentB.SheworkedasusualC.Shestayedathomeandcriedeveryday.D.Shewentpublicandgavehelptoothers.41.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthegroupPhamThiHuefoundedismadeupof____.A.drugusersB.HIVvictimsC.allkindsofpatientsD.poorpeople42.FromthepassagewecanlearnthatPhamThiHueisawomanwhois_______.A.weakandkindB.foolishandidleC.braveandhelpfulD.cautiousandenergetic
Sportscanhelpyoukeepfitandgetintouchwithnature.Howeverwhetheryouareonthemountainsinthewavesoronthegrasslandyoushouldbeawarethatyoursportofchoicemighthavegreatinfluenceontheenvironment.Somesportsareresource-hungry.Golfasyoumayknoweatsupnotonlylargeareasofcountrysidebutalsotonsofwater.Besidesallsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses球场ingoodcondition.Thiscausesmajorenvironmentaleffects.ForexampleinthedryregionsofPortugalandSpaingolfisoftenheldresponsibleforseriouswatershortageinsomelocalareas.Therearemanyenvironment-friendlysports.Powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday.Youdon’tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes;andyoudon’thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpursE.Simpleandfreepowerwalkingcanalsokeepyoufit.Ifyouwalkregularlyitwillbegoodforyourheartandbones.Expertssaythat20minutesofpowerwalkingdailycanmakeyoufeellessanxioussleepwellandhavebetterweightcontrol.Whateversportyoutakeupyoucanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironment-friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials.Butthefinalgoalshouldbegreengyms.Theyarebetterreplacementsfortraditionalhealthclubsandmodernsportscenters.Membersofgreengymsplaysportsoutdoorsinthecountrysideorotheropenspaces.Thereisnospecialrequirementforyoutostartyourmembership.Andbestofallit’sfreE.64.Whichofthefollowingistheauthormostprobablyinfavorof?A.CyclingaroundalakE.B.Motorracinginthedesert.C.Playingbasketballinagym.D.Swimminginasportscenter.65.Whatdoweknowaboutgolffromthepassage?A.ItispopularinPortugalandSpain.B.ItcauseswatershortagesaroundtheworlD.C.Itpollutestheearthwithchemicalsandwastes.D.Itneedswaterandelectricitytokeepitscoursesgreen.66.Theauthorusespowerwalkingasanexamplemainlybecause______.A.itisanoutdoorsportB.itimprovesourhealthC.itusesfewerresourcesD.itisrecommendedbyexperts67.Theauthorwritesthepassageto_______.A.showusthefunctionofmajorsportsB.encourageustogoinforgreensportsC.discussthemajorinfluenceofpopularsportsD.introducedifferenttypesofenvironment-friendlysports
Ifyouhavetomissonemealadaywhichmealwillcauseyoufewesthealthproblemsifyoudon’teatit?Iftheyhavetomakeadecisionofthistypemostpeopleespeciallyverybusypeoplewillchoosetoskipnottoeatbreakfast.Howevermanyexpertsinthefieldofhealthconsiderbreakfastthemealwhichbreaksyourfast----aperiodoftimewithouteatinganythingwhichstartedthenightbeforetobethemostimportantmealoftheday.Ifweeatagoodbreakfasttheysaywewillhavetheenergyandnutrientsweneedtobeginourworkingdaywithvigorandhopefullywithgoodhumour.Butmanypeopleskipbreakfastorreplaceitwithsnacksoracupofcoffeeforawell-balancedmeal.Whathappensifweignoretheimportanceofbreakfast?OnerecentstudyconductedintheUnitedStatestestedalargenumberofpeoplE.Participantsincludedbothmalesandfemaleswhorangedinagefrom12—83.Duringtheexperimentthesepeopleweregivenavarietyofbreakfastsandsometimestheyhadtoskipbreakfastcompletely.Specialtestsincludingbloodtestsandendurancetestsweresetuptoanalyzehowwelltheparticipants’bodiesfunctionedwhentheyhadeatenacertainkindofbreakfast.Theresultshowedthatifapersoneatsanadequate充足的breakfastheorshewillworkmoreefficientlyandmoreproductivelythanifheorsheskipsbreakfastsoreatsaverypoorbreakfast.Thisfactappearstobeespeciallytrueifaperson’sworkinvolvesmentalactivity.Thestudyshowedthatifschoolchildreneatfruiteggsbreadandmilkbeforegoingtoschooltheywilllearnmorequicklyandwillbeabletoconcentrateontheirlessonsforalongerperiodoftimethaniftheirbreakfastdietisinadequate.Thestudyalsoshowedthatcontrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieveifyouskipbreakfastyouwillnotloseweight.Thisisbecausepeoplebecomesohungryiftheyskipbreakfastthattheyeattoomuchforlunchandendupgainingweightinsteadoflosing.Sorememberifyouareonadietskippingbreakfastwillnothelpyou.Youwillprobablylosemoreweightifyoureduceyourothermeals.Accordingtothepassagewecansafelysay_____.A.ifyouskipbreakfastyouwillnotloseweightatallB.ifyouskipbreakfastyouwon’teatmuchforluncheither.C.skippingbreakfastwon’tdoabitofharmD.skippingbreakfastwillhelponeloseweightInthewordbreakfastfastprobablymeans_____.A.movingquicklyB.goingwithoutfoodC.unlikelytogofastD.fastfoodSpecialtestswereorganizedtoanalyzehowparticipants’bodiesfunctionedwhen______.A.theyhadskippedbreakfastsB.theyhadhadbreakfastsC.theyhadeatenspecialbreakfastsD.theyhadhadallthreemeals
BrianWalkerchewspens.Hebitesthemsohardthathisbosshaswarnedhimtostoporbuyhisown.Kate’sweaknessismoreacceptable-sheisunabletowalkpastacakeshopwithoutovereatingSophinCartierfindshercigarettehabitaheadachewhileAlice’sthumb-suckingdrivesherboyfriendcrazy.Fourpeoplewithverydifferenthabitsbuttheyallshareacommonproblemanxietydisorderorinseriouscases.ObsessiveCompulsiveDisorderOCD.Fromnail-bitingtotoomuchhand-washingovereatingandinternetaddiction上瘾OCDiswidespreadinalmosteveryworkplaceandcountlesshomE.ItisarelativelycommonformofanxietysaysDr.MooteE.ThemainfeatureofOCDistherepetitionofunwantedobsessive过度的thoughtssuchasworriesthatdoorsareleftunlockedgasorelectricalappliancesarelefton.Inordertofightagainsttheanesasycheckingdoorlocksandgasorelectricalappliances.Dr.MooteesaysthatrepetitivewashingparticularlyofthehandsisthemostcommontypeofOCD.Shehastreatedmanypatientswhowashtheirhandsupto30timesaday.ThetechniqueMooteeusestotreatpeoplewithOCDiscalledcognitive-behavioraltherapy认知行为疗法.ItisbasedonthegeneralideathatpeoplehavetheabilitytochangethewaytheythinkandbehavesaysMooteE.Butwhendoesahabitbecomeaproblem?It’spersonalsaysMooteE.Everyonehassomethingunusualbutifyoucan’tputupwithitthenit’saproblemandyouneedtodosomethingtochangeit.Mooteesaysmanypeopleresistfortreatmentbecausetheyfeartheyarecrazy.Butaspeoplebecomemoreknowledgeableabouttheseproblemstheywillgoandgethelp.TheonlywaytocureistoconquerIfapersonsuffersfromOCDbeislikelytokeepdoinganyofthefollowingEXCEPT.A.chewingpensB.hurtinghimselfC.suckingfingersD.bitingnailsAccordingtothepassageapersonsufferingfromOCD.A.reduceshis/heranxietybytakingdrugsB.getsintounwantedhabitstorelievestressC.hasunwantedthoughtsabouthabitsD.hasunwantedthoughtsbecauseofillnessDr.Mootee’streatinglechniqueisbasedontehideathat.A.everyonehassomethingdifferentB.peoplecanputupwiththeirproblemsC.peoplecanchangetheirwayofthinkingandactionD.peopletendtorepeattheirobsessiveactionsBysayingTheonlywaytocureistoconquer.Dr.MooteesuggeststhatanOCDsufferer.A.hastobeanextraordinarypersonB.mustcurehisillnessbyhimselfC.mustovercomemanyphysicalillnessesD.shouldhavearightattitudetowardstheproblem
Boilerroomsareoftendirtyandsteamybutthisoneiscleanandcool.FoxPointisaverynew47-unitlivingbuildinginSouthBronxoneofthecity’spoorestareas.Two-thirdsofthepeoplelivingthereareformerly以前homelesspeoplewhoserentispaidbythegovernment.Therestarelow-incomefamilies.Theboilerroomhasspecialequipmentwhichproducesenergyforelectricityandheat.Itreusesheatthatwouldotherwisebelosttotheairreducingcarbonemissions碳排放whilealsocuttingcosts.FoxPointisoperatedbyPalladiaagroupthatspecializesinprovidinghousingandservicestoneedypeoplE.PalladiareceivedsupportfromEnterpriseCommunityPartnersECPwhichhelpsbuildaffordablehousingbyprovidingsupporttohousingdevelopers.ECPhascreatednationalstandardsforhealthyenvironmentally环境方面cleverandaffordablehomeswhicharecalledtheGreenCommunitiesStandards.Thesestandardsincludewaterkeepingenergysavingandtheuseofenvironmentallyfriendlybuildingmaterials.Meetingthestandardsincreaseshousingconstructioncostsby2%whichisrapidlypaidbackbylowerrunningcosts.Eventhepositioningofawindowtogetmostdaylightcanhelpsaveenergy.Michael.BloombergNewYork'smayorplanstocreate165000affordablehousingunitsfor500000NewYorkers.Almost80%ofNewYorkCity’sgreenhouse-gasemissionscomefrombuildingsand40%ofthosearecausedbyhousing.Soherecentlyannouncedthatthecity’sDepartmentofHousingandPreservationandDevelopmentDHPDwhosedutyistodevelopandkeepthecity’ssupplyofaffordablehousingwillrequireallitsnewprojectstofollowECP’sgreenstandards.SimilarmeasureshavebeentakenbyothercitiessuchasClevelandandDenverbutNewYork’sDHPDisthelargestcitydeveloperofaffordablehousinginthecountry.Whatisthepurposeofdescribingtheboilerroominthefirstparagraph?A.ToexplainthemeasuresthecitytakestocareforpoorpeoplE.B.Tosuggestthataffordablehousingispossibleinallareas.C.Toshowhowtheenvironment-friendlybuildingworks.D.Tocompareoldandnewboilerrooms.WhatisanadvantageofthebuildingsmeetingtheGreenCommunitiesStandards?A.Lowerrunningcosts.B.Costinglessinconstruction.C.Lessairtobelostinhotdays.D.BetterpricesforhomelesspeoplE.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthat____________________.A.NewYorkCityisseriouslypollutedB.people’sdailylifecausesmanycarbonemissionsinNewYorkCityC.agreatnumberofpeopleinNewYorkCitydon'thavehousestoliveinD.someothercitieshavedevelopedmoreaffordablehousingthanNewYorkCityWhatisthemainpurposeofthistext?A.Tocallonpeopletopaymoreattentiontohousingproblems.B.Toprovethatsomestandardsareneededforaffordablehousing.C.Toasksocietytohelphomelesspeopleandlow-incomefamilies.D.Tointroducehealthyenvironmentallyclever-andaffordablehousing.
Peopletodayexpecttobeexaminedwhentheyenteradoctor'sofficE.AtleasttheyexpecttheirbloodpressureandtemperaturetobemeasureD.Howeverasrecentlyastwohundredyearsagoadoctor'streatmentdependedontalkingwithpatients.Ingeneralthecommunicationbetweendoctorsandtheirpatientswasthemostimportantpartofmedicalmethods.Themodemageofmedicinebeganwiththestethoscopeaninstrumentforlisteningtopatientsheartbeatandbreathing.Beforethatadoctordidnottouchapatient.Infacttherewasnosuchthingsasamedicalexamination.Thestethoscope──andallothermedicalinstruments──-hadaseriouseffectonthepracticeofmedicinE.Doctorsbecamebetteratfindingthemedicalproblems.MorelivesweresaveD.Atthesametimedoctorsgavelessimportancetothecommunicationbetweenpatientsanddoctors.Somedoctorsactuallystoppedtalkingtotheirpatients.Itiseasytounderstandwhysomesickpeoplethoughtthemselvesasbrokenmachines.1.A.stethoscopecanbeusedto________.A.checkhealthconditionsB.curesomeillnessC.measuretemperatureD.treatheartdisease2.Doctorsgavelessimportancetothecommunicationbetweenpatientsanddoctorsmainlybecause________.A.modernmedicalinstrumentswereusedB.theycouldcuremorediseasesandsavemorelivesC.theyhadmuchmoremedicalexperiencethanbeforeD.theyweretoobusytohavetimetotalkwithpatients3.Somesickpeoplethoughtofthemselvesasbrokenmachineswhichsuggestedthat_______.A.moderndoctorsshouldtreattheirpatientsasmachinesB.thelevelofthetreatmentwasgreatlyimprovedC.theythoughttheywereuselessjustlikebrokenmachinesD.theywerenotsatisfiedwiththemannerinwhichdoctorstreatedthem4.Thebesttitleforthispassageshouldbe________.A.MedicalMethodsofTwoHundredYearsAgoB.TheDevelopmentofMedicalMethodsC.TheModemAgeofMedicineD.TheUseoftheStethoscope
ForallthedinnertableaglassofmilkseemstobeaconstantatleastitwaswhenIwasgrowingup.Itwaswidelybelievedthatmilkwasintegralinbuildingstrongbonesandteeth.There’snodoubtthatdairyproducts乳制品andmilkinparticulararehighinproteinandcalciumandmostmilkproductsaresupplementedwithVitaminD.andA.Whileit’swellknownthatourbonesneedcalciumsomestudiessuggestthathighcalciumintakedoesn’tnecessarilyloweraperson’sriskforfractures骨折.A.Harvardstudyfoundthatpeoplewhodranktwoormoreglassesofmilkhadnogreaterprotectionfrombreakingabonethanthosewhodrankaglassorlessaweek.There’snodoubtthatweneedcalciumSomeanti-dairysupportersclaimthatdairycanleadtoheartdiseasE.Muchofthisclaimisbasedonhighfatandhighdairyproductslikecheesesandcreamswhichmayindeedcontributetocardiovascularproblems.Somestudieshavelinkedhighmilkintakeswithariskofprostatecancer;thisseemstobecausedbyhigh-fatdairyproductsnotdairyingeneral.Althoughmilkwasalwaysregardedasoneofthemostimportantthingweneedforourbonesyetleastpromotedfactorsinvolvedinstrengtheningbones.PerhapsweshouldthinkofdairyaslesslikeanutrientandmorelikeafooD.Ifyoulikeiteatit.Ifnotfindsomeothers.BecausesomeclaimsmaynotbecompletelytruewhenIeatacreamI’mnotthinkingaboutcalciumproteinoranysuchthing.I’mthinkingdelicious.61.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEonthemilk?A.ThemoremilkyoudrinkthemoreriskforfracturesyoumightbE.B.ThemoremilkyoudrinkthelessriskforfracturesyoumightbE.C.ThelessmilkyoudrinkthelessriskforfracturesyoumightbE.D.Thereisnolinkbetweenthem.62.Someanti-dairysupportersclaimthatdairycanleadtoexcept______.A.cardiovascularproblemsB.heartdiseaseC.prostatecancerD.stomachcancer63.Theunderlinedwordssomeothersinthelastparagraphreferto_____.A.dairyproductsB.milkC.foodD.cream64.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsmilk?A.Hedoesn’tlikemilkanymoreB.HeusedtodrinkmilkasachilD.C.Heregardsmilkasanutrient.D.Healwayscaresaboutcalciumproteinwhenheeatssomething.65.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat_____A.Alltheclaimsarenotcompletelytrue.B.Highmilkintakescanleadtocancer.C.It’snecessaryforyoutoreducemilkintakes.D.Giveupmilkforyourhealth.
BadmoodscanactuallybegoodforyouwithanAustralianstudyfindingthatbeingsadmakespeoplelessgullible轻信improvestheirabilitytojudgeothersandalsoboostsmemory.ThestudyauthoredbypsychologyprofessorJosephForgasattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesshowedthatpeopleinanegativemoodweremorecriticalofandpaidmoreattentiontotheirsurroundingsthanhappierpeoplewhoweremorelikelytobelieveanythingtheyweretolD.Althoughpositivemoodseemstopromotecreativityflexibilitycooperationandrelianceonmentalshortcutsnegativemoodstrigger引发moreattentivecarefulthinkingpayinggreaterattentiontotheexternalworldForgaswrotE.Ourresearchsuggeststhatsadness...promotesinformationprocessingstrategiesbestsuitedtodealingwithmoredemandingsituations.ForthestudyForgasandhisteamconductedseveralexperimentsthatstartedwithinducinghappyorsadmoodsintheirsubjectsthroughwatchingfilmsandrecallingpositiveornegativeevents.Inoneoftheexperimentshappyandsadparticipantswereaskedtojudgethetruthofurbanmythsandrumorsandfoundthatpeopleinanegativemoodwerelesslikelytobelievethesestatements.PeopleinabadmoodwerealsolesslikelytomakesnapdecisionsbasedonracialorreligiousprejudicesandtheywerelesslikelytomakemistakeswhenaskedtorecallaneventthattheywitnesseD.ThestudyalsofoundthatsadpeoplewerebetteratstatingtheircasethroughwrittenargumentswhichForgassaidshowedthatamildlynegativemoodmayactuallypromoteamoreconcreteaccommodativeandultimatelymoresuccessfulcommunicationstylE.Positivemoodisnotuniversallydesirable:peopleinnegativemoodarelesspronetojudgmentalerrorsaremoreresistanttoeyewitnessdistortions扭曲andarebetteratproducinghigh-qualityeffectivepersuasivemessagesForgaswrotE.ThestudywaspublishedintheNovember/DecembereditionoftheAustralianSciencejournal._Thestudysuggeststhatwhensomeoneisinabadmoodhe________.A.isparticularabouteverythingB.showslessconcernaboutothersC.iswillingtobelievewhathehearsD.caresmoreabouthissurroundings_Whichofthefollowingisconnectedwithpositivemood?A.Newideas.B.Beingstubborn.C.Beingcareful.D.Concentration._Howdidresearcherputthesubjectsingoodorbadmoods?A.Bywatchingsportsprograms.B.Bylisteningtohappyorsadstories.C.Bydealingwithdemandingsituations.D.BythinkingbackontheirpastexperiencE._WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Positivemoodleadstobetterjudgement.B.Sadpeoplerememberedwhattheysawprecisely.C.Cheerfulpeoplewerelesslikelytobelieverumors.D.Peopleinbadmoodtendtomakequickdecisions._Theauthorintendstoconvince说服usthat__________.A.JosephForgasmadeagreatdiscoveryB.badmoodscanactuallybegoodforusC.weshouldthinkpositivelyandnegativelyD.theAustralianstudyisofpracticalvalue
Ifyouwanttokeephealthyyoushouldhavegoodhabits.Whatisahabit?Itissomethingwedoveryoften.Wedon’teventhinkwhenwedoit.Ithasbecomeapartofourlives.EarlytobedearlytorisemakesamanhealthywealthyandwisE.ThisisanoldEnglishsaying.Doyouknowwhatitmeans?Itmeansthatwemustgotobedearlyatnightandgetupearlyinthemorning.Ifwedoweshallbehealthyrichandclever.Isthistrue?Perhapsitis.Weknowthebodymusthaveenoughsleep.Boysandgirlsneedeightorninehours’sleepeveryday.Somepeoplegotobedlateatnightandgetuplateinthemorning.Thisisaverybadhabit.Thenyouwillnotthinkordoyourworkwell.Ofcourseyoucan’tbehealthywealthyorwisE.Whenwegetupearlyinthemorningwecangooutanddomorningexercises.Exercisemeansdoingthingswiththebody.WalkingrunningjumpingswimmingandplayingballgamesareallexercisE.Ifwedon’texerciseourbodywillbecomeweak.Exercisehelpstheblood血液tomovearoundinsideourbody.Bloodtakesfoodtoallpartsofourbody.OurbodyalsoneedsairtobreathE.WithoutairwewilldiE.Wemusthavelotsofcleanfreshairifwewanttobehealthy.ThatiswhymanypeopleliketogoouttodomorningexercisE.Fromthepassageweknowthatitisgoodforourhealthto____.A.eatalotB.gotobedearlyC.getuplateD.gotobedlateHowlongshouldyoungboysandgirlsneedtosleepaday?A.MorethantenhoursB.Overelevenhours.C.Lessthansevenhours.D.Eighthoursorso.Ifwewanttokeephealthywemust____.A.eatmorefoodB.sleepmoreC.getuplateD.takeenoughexerciseWhichofthefollowinghabitsisNOTGOOD?A.Don’tgotobeduntiltwelveo’clock..B.Takeawalkaftersupper.C.Runintheopenairearlyinthemorning.D.Climbhillsforhalfanhourearlyinthemorning.WhichsportisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Jumping.B.Swimming.C.Riding.D.Running.
Angerisgoodforyouaslongasyoucontrolitaccordingtonewpsychologyresearch.AnewstudyfromCarnegieMellonUniversityshowsangermayhelppeoplereducethenegativeimpactsofstressandhelpyoubecomehealthier.HeregettingemotionalisnotbadforyouifyoulookatthecaseofangersaidJenniferLernerofCarnegieMellon.Themorepeopledisplayangerthelowertheirstressresponses.’’Lernerstudied92UCLAstudentsbyaskingthemtocountbackfrom6200.Theymustsayoutloudeverythirteenthnumber.Researchersdisturbedthembyaskingthemtocountfasteroraskthemotherquestions.Iftheymadeanymistakestheyhadtorestartfromtheverybeginning.Manystudentsfeltdepressedaboutmakingsomanymistakesorgotangry.Lernerusedahiddenvideocameraandrecordedalltheirfacialexpressionsduringthetest.Theresearchersdescribetheirreactionsasfearangeranddisgust.Otherresearchersrecordedthestudents’bloodpressurepulseandproductionofahigh—stresshormone荷尔蒙calledcortis01.PeoplewhosefacesshowedmorefearduringtheexperimenthadhigherbloodpressureandhigherlevelsofthehormonE.Bothcanhavelastingeffectssuchasdiabetes糖尿病heartdiseasedepressionandextraweightgain.Whenpeoplefeelfearnegativeimpactsincreasebutwhentheygetangrythosenegativesgodownaccordingtothestudy.Havingthatsenseofangerleadspeopletoactuallyfeelsomepowerinwhatotherwiseisamaddening令人发狂的situationLernersaiD.LernerpreviouslystudiedAmericans’emotionalresponsetothe9／11terroristattackstwomonthsaftertheincident.ShefoundpeoplewhoreactedwithangerweremoreoptimistiC.Thesepeoplearehealthiercomparedwiththosewhowerefrightenedduringtheevent.SoinmaddeningsituationsangerisnotabadthingtohavE.It’sahealthierresponsethanfear.6.Whatisthestorymainlyabout?A.Thefindingsofnewpsychologyresearch.B.Whatyoucandowithangerincertaincases.C.Differenteffectsproducedbyangerandfear.D.Healthierresponsesinmaddeningsituations7.WhichstatementwillJenniferLerneragreewith?A.It’sbettertobeangrythantobefrighteneD.B.DifferentreactionsreflectdifferentoutlooksonlifE.C.Don’tcontrolyourangeranditmakesyoupowerful.D.PessimisticpeoplearegenerallyhealthierthanoptimisticpeoplE.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordbothrefertoaccordingtothepassage?A.Fearandanger.B.BloodpressureandpulsE.C.Bloodpressureandcortis01.D.HigherbloodpressureandhigherlevelsofthehormonE.9.Inwhatwayscananger-bebeneficialtopeople7A.ByshowingtheiroptimisticsidE.B.Byreducingtheirstress.C.ByreducinghighbloodpressurE.D.Bytakingtheplaceoffear.10.Theresearchersirritated激怒thestudentsby.A.recordingtheirperformancesecretlyB.askingthemtocountto6200againandagainC.disturbingthemandmakingthemstartalloveragainD.criticizingthemwhentheymademistakes
Tearsarenature'swayofmakingusfeelmorecomfortablE.Whenoureyesaremadeuncomfortablebysomesmallpiecesofpollutionorwhenwearecuttingonions洋葱orwhenweareexhaustedandhavered-eyesfromoverworkandlatehourstearsforminoureyestocleanandrefreshthem.Tearsarealsoasignofstrongemotion.Wecrywhenwearesadandwecrywhenwearehappy.Andtearsseemtobeuniquely唯独human.Weknowthatanimalsalsoexperienceemotions-fearpleasurelone-liness-buttheydonotshedtears.Fromthiswecanconcludethattearsarecloselyrelatedtotheemotionalandbiologicalmake-upofthehumanspecies.Biologicallyspeakingtearsareactuallydropsofsalinefluidwhichisalittlebitsaltyproducedbyagland腺inthebody.BecausesaltisanimportantcomponenttearsmayactuallyconstitutethemostconclusiveevidencethatthehumananimalistheendproductofalongevolutionaryprocessthatbeganintheseA.Anditisclearthatinadditiontotheemotionalbenefitsthesheddingoftearshasaspecificbiologicalfunctionaswell.Throughtearswecaneliminatefromourbodycertainchemicalswhichbuildupinresponsetostressandcreateachemicalimbalanceinthebody.Cryingactuallymakesusfeelbetterbycorrectingthatimbalanceandmakingusfeelgoodagain.Andthustheemotionalandthebiologicalfunctionsoftearsmerge合并intooneandmakeusevenmorehumanthanwewouldotherwisebE.WhichofthefollowingisNOTafunctionoftears?A.Biological.B.Emotional.C.Political.D.Chemical.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TearsAreaSignofStrongEmotionB.TearsMakeUsFeelMoreComfortableC.TearsAreSaltyD.TearsHaveaCertainBiologicalFunction
Allofmychildhoodandearlyadultlifemymomweighedover220poundsonepound=0.454kilograms.Icouldfeelthepainthatmymomexperiencedwithherfatness.IwasneveruncomfortableaboutmymotherbutIthinkshewasuncomfortableaboutherselfandthatfeelingwaspainfulforallofus.Andshebegantoloseweight.Aftermorethantwentyyearsofbattlingobesity肥胖mymothercompletedaforcefuleighteen-monthdietthatleftherninetypoundslighterthanbeforE.A.newwomanwasborn!Atagetwenty-eightIgotanewmom!ForthefirsttimeImetthewomanmymothertrulywasthebeautifullittleladyunderthefatness.Itwasn’tsomuchhernewbodythatwasthesurprisebutratherhernewspirit.TocelebratehernewsizeandtodevoteherselftodancingagainmymotherjoinedaMrs.Forty-PluscompetitionwhereshewouldhavetomodelgiveaspeechandprovideadanceperformancE.Shetoldourfamilythatshedidnotcareifshewon—shesimplyhadalwayswantedtoperformonstagE.ShetoldeachoneofusI’mnotdoingittowin;I’mdoingittodance!Thecompetitionwasexciting!IprayedthatmymomwouldwinbutwhilewatchingheronstageIwassimplyoverjoyedjustbyhereffort.Tomeshehadalreadywon.Sheposedtoperfectionherspeechbroughttearstoeveryone’seyesandherperformancewaswonderful.Thatnightatagefifty-threemymotherwascrowned为......加冕Mrs.Forty-Plus.ShewasthefirstpersoninourfamilytoeverwinsuchatitlE.64.Thefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyshowthattheauthor’smomwas__________.A.experiencedB.painfulC.comfortableD.fat65.Aftertheauthor’smomcompletedaforcefuleighteen-monthdietshewasabout__________.A.85kilogramsB.41kilogramsC.130poundsD.90pounds66.InordertojoinintheMrs.Forty-PlusCompetitiontheauthor’smomhastodothefollowingEXCEPT__________.A.providingadanceperformanceB.tellingafunnystoryaboutherselfC.givingaspeechtoalargenumberofpeopleD.wearingspecialclothestoshowtopeople67.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph6meansthat__________.A.theauthor’smomsucceededinmodelingandspeakingB.theauthor’smom’sperformancewasverywonderfulC.theauthor’smomwasnotsuccessfulinmodelingD.theauthor’smomsucceededinmakingaspeech
Anallergy过敏反应isastrongreactiontoasubstancE.Manythingscancauseallergies.Themostcommoncauseispollen花粉whichisusuallyproducedbytreesinthespringgrassesinthesummerandweedsinthefallaspartoftheirreproductiveprocess.Othercausesincludeorganismschemicalsplantsanddeadskinparticles微粒fromdogsandcatscanalsocauseallergicreactions.SocaninsectstingsandsomefooD.Themostcommonkindofallergicreactionsisitchy痒的wateryeyesandablockedorwaterynosE.Allergiescanalsocausereditchyskin.Somereactionscanbelife-threateningforexamplewhenbreathingpassagesbecomeblockeD.Itisnotalwayseasytoavoidallergies.Drugsmayofferaneffectivetreatment.Anothertreatmentusedinsomecasesiscalledimmunotherapy免疫疗法.A.patientisinjectedwithsmallamountsoftheallergy-causingsubstancE.Theideaisthatlargerandlargeramountsaregivenovertimeuntilthepatientdevelopsaresistanceinhisbody.IntheUnitedStatesexpertsestimatethatupto8%ofyoungchildrenhavefoodallergies.Everyyeartheseallergiescauseabout30000caseswithseverereactionsthatrequireimmediatetreatment.Itcanresultinbreathingtroubleandinsomecasesdeath.Itissaidthatabout100to200peoplewilldiE.Itsaysmostofthereactionsarecausedbypeanutsandtreenutslikewalnuts.Peoplecanalsobeallergictomedicines.TheAmericanAcademyofAllergyAsthmaandImmunologysaysabout10%ofbadreactionstocommonlyusedmedicinesareallergiC.Inotherwordsaperson’simmunesystemoverreactsandproducesanallergicreaction.Themostcommonreactionsincludeskinrashes皮疹itchingbreathingproblemsandswellinginareassuchasthefacE.Allergiesseldomoccurinwinterbecause______.A.plantsdon’tflowerincoldweatherB.peopleusuallywearthickclothesC.pollenisactivebelowfreezingpointD.theweatherisnottoocoldforvirusesWhatwillhappenifone’sbreathingpassagesgetblocked?A.Itisnothingserious.B.One’slifeisatrisk.C.Onehastobesenttohospital.D.Oneissuretobreatheeasily.Accordingtoimmunotherapythepatientissupposedto______.A.takesomemedicinestoproduceantibodiesB.haveimmediateoperationsC.begiventheallergy-causingsubstanceuntilhedevelopsaresistanceD.beexposedtoenoughallergy-causingsubstancesThebesttitlewouldbe________.A.TheABCsofAllergiesB.TheCauseofAllergiesC.TheTreatmentofAllergiesD.ThePreventionofAllergies
Themealyoueatafterexercisingmatters!Nomatterwhattimeofdayyouexercisethekeyistofollowtheexerciseupwithmealsthatsupplyenoughnutrition.Forthebestresultseatwithinthirtytosixtyminutesafterexercisingwhenthemusclesareatthebesttimetotakeinnutrients.Herearesomeideasformealsafterexercising.Home-madesports-recoverydrinkMixbananamilkandyogurttomakeafreshandsatisfyingsports-recoverydrink.Dairyproductslikemilkandyogurtworkdoubledutyprovidingbothproteinandcarbohydrates碳水化合物.A.cupofcoffeeontheotherhandisapoorchoicE.Protein-packedsandwichYoucan'tgowrongwithasandwichafterexercising－it'sgoteverythinginahand-heldpackagE.SandwichesprovidethesaltyouneedtoreplacewhatyouhavelostbysweatingwhilethetomatoesinthemsupplyplentyofVitaminC.Tryusingwhole-wheatbreadtogiveyourselfmorefiber.Thecheeseandfreshvegetablesinsandwichesarealsogreatforhelpingtiredmusclesrecover.PowerbreakfastAneggsandwichisaperfectpost-exercisebreakfast.There'sproteininboththeyolk蛋黄andthewhiteoftheegg.Thisrecipeincreasesyourproteinintakewhilekeepingcaloriesandfatundercontrol.Eggsalsocontainzinc锌whichhelpsprotectagainstdiseasE.Plant-basedproteinBeansareanamazingsourceofplant-basedproteinandcarbohydrates.Makealargebowlofbeansaladinthebeginningofaweekandyou'llhaveagreatpost-exercisemealthat'sreadywheneveryouneeditWhydoestheauthoradviseeatingaprotein-packedsandwichafterexercising?A.Ithelpsincreasetheproteininyourbody.B.IthasplentyoffatandcaloriesC.Thethingsinithelpyourecover.D.Itisanamazingsourceofcarbohydrates.Whatshouldyoudowhenyourmusclesfeeltired?A.Eatcheeseandfreshvegetables.B.DrinkasmuchmilkandyogurtaspossiblE.C.Eatwhole-wheatbreadinsteadofasandwich.D.EatanddrinkassoonaspossiblE.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.It'sthebesttimeformusclestotakeinnutrientswithin30to60minutesafterexercising.B.It'sbestforyoutohaveaneggsandwichafterexercising.C.A.cupofcoffeewillhelpyourecoverafterexercising.D.Beansaladisanothergreatmealforpost-exercising.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thehealthyeatinghabitsofathletes.B.Thebesttimeforexercising.C.Howtowarmupbeforeexercising.D.Whattoeatafterexercising.
A.goodnight’ssleepintheearlyyearsoflifecouldbeveryimportantinpreventingachildbecomingobesesayscientists.Babiesandpre-schoolchildrenwhosleepforlessthantenhoursanightaremorelikelytobeoverweightwhentheyareolderresearchhasfounD.Expertsbelievethatthosewhodonotgetenoughsleeparemorelikelytofeelhungryandwantmorecalorie-richfoodduringtheday.Formerresearchhaslinkedsleepingwithobesityinadultsandteenagersbutthisisoneofthefirsttolookatveryyoungchildren.ResearchersfromtheUniversitiesofWashingtonandCalifornialookedatthesleepinghabitsofalmost1000childrenundertheageoffivE.Theyfoundthosewhohadlessthantenhours’sleepweretwiceaslikelytobeoverweightfiveyearslater.Childhoodobesityhasdoubledoverthepast10years.A.quarterofsecondaryschoolpupilsarenowjudgedtobesooverweightthattheirhealthisindanger.Expertsbelievesleeporlack缺乏ofitcouldbeamajorcauseofthis.Onaveragechildrenaresleepingforanhourlessthantheydid30yearsago.LastyearChineseresearcherslookedatmorethan5000youngstersandfoundthatthosewhowereabletocatchupon补充sleepattheweekendwerefarlesslikelytogetbodyweightproblems.Scientistshavealsofoundalinkbetweenlackofsleepanddiabetes糖尿病.LastyearCanadianresearchersdiscoveredthosewhodidnotgetsevenoreighthours’sleepanightweretwoandahalftimesmorelikelytobecomesick.Theunderlinedwordobeseinthefirstparagraphmaymean.A.quiteprotectiveB.verysadC.veryfatD.quiteyoungAccordingtoChineseresearchersifapersonwholackssleepcangetmoresleepduringweekends.A.hewon’tgethungryeasilyB.hewillfeeltiredallthetimeC.therewillbelittlechanceofhimbecomingfatD.itwillbeveryhardforhimtofallasleepatnightFromthepassageweknow.A.toolittlesleepwillresultinillnessbesidesobesityB.inthepastpeopledidn’tconnectsleepwithweightC.fatchildrenmusthavesleptlessthan10hoursfiveyearsagoD.mostchildrenareunhealthybecauseoflittlesleepWhatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Agoodnight’ssleephelpsthedevelopmentofkids’brain!B.Tenhours’sleeppreventsoverweightinkids!C.Childrenaresleepingmuchlessnowadays!D.Moreteenagersgetweightproblems!Wherecanyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Inthelatestnews.B.Inachildren’sbook.C.InahealthmagazinE.D.Inascientist’sdiary.
Haveyoueverhadthestrangefeelingthatyouwerebeingwatched?Youturnedaroundandsureenoughsomeonewaslookingrightatyou!Parapsychologists灵学家saythathumanshaveanaturalabilitytosensewhensomeoneislookingatthem.ToresearchwhethersuchasixthsensereallyexistsRobertBakerapsychologist心理学家attheUniversityofKentuckyperformedtwoexperiments.InthefirstonE.Bakersatbehindunknowingpeopleinpublicplacesandstaredatthebacksoftheirheadsfor5to15minutes.Thesubjects受试者wereeatingdrinkingreadingstudyingwatchingTVorworkingatacomputer.Bakermadesurethatthepeoplecouldnottellthathewassittingbehindthemduringthoseperiods.Laterwhenhequestionedthesubjectsalmostallofthemsaidtheyhadnosensethatsomeonewasstaringatthem.ForthesecondexperimentBakertoldthesubjectsthattheywouldbestaredatfromtimetotimefrombehindatwo-waymirrorinalaboratorysetting.Thepeoplehadtowritedownwhentheyfelttheywerebeingstaredatandwhentheyweren’t.Bakerfoundthatthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestaredatandwhentheyweren’t.BakerfoundthatthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestartedatthaniftheyhadjustguesseD.Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.IfpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperimentssaidBakerIsuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves.64.Thepurposeofthetwoexperimentsisto.A.provewhyhumanshaveasixthsenseB.explainwhenpeoplecanhaveasixthsenseC.showhowpeopleactwhilebeingwatchedinthelabD.studywhetherhumanscansensewhentheyarestaredat65.Inthefirstexperimentthesubjects.A.werenottoldthattheywouldbestaredatB.losttheirsensewhentheywerestaredatC.werenotsurewhentheywouldbestaredatD.wereuncomfortablewhentheywerestaredat66.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.PeoplearebornwithasixthsensE.B.Peoplehaveasixthsenseinpublicplaces.C.Theexperimentssupportparapsychologists’ideA.D.Thesubjectsdonothaveasixthsenseintheexperiments.
第三部分阅读技能共三节满分35分阅读理解共12小题每小题1.5分满分18分阅读下列短文从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑TEENAGERSleadanexcitinglifeinhighschoolmakingfriendsanddreamingaboutthefuturE.Howeverasallyoungpeopleknowteenagershaveplentyofworriestoo.DoyouknowwhatBritishteenagersworryaboutmost?A.surveybytheUK'sDepartmentofHealthshowsthatthetopworriesarelosingweight减肥andfittingin适应.Over100000teenagerstookpartintheresearch.Losingweightisabigconcernamongteenagers.Thismaybeaneffectoffamouspeoplewithperfectbodiesaroundthem.AdolescenceisaphysicallyandemotionallydifficulttimE.Teenagerswanttofeelgoodabouttheirbodies.It'salsoimportantforthemtobeaccepteD.Manyteenagerswerepickedon作弄inhighschool.WhoshouldIeatlunchwith?WhoshouldIhangoutwith?WillIbeaccepted?ThesequestionsaretroublingmanyUKteenagersaccordingtothesurvey.It'sinterestingtoseethatfamilybackgroundhasaneffectonteenagers'worries.Teenagersfromlow-incomefamiliesworriedmoreaboutlosingweightandbullying欺凌弱小.Teenagersfromhigherincomefamiliesweremorelikelytoworryaboutfittinginandpeerpressure同辈压力.49AccordingtothesurveyBritishteenagersaremostworriedabout______.A.fittinginandmakingmoneyB.findingjobsandmakingfriendsC.losingweightandbeingacceptedD.makingmoneyandlosingweight.50.Manyteenagersareconcernedaboutlosingweightbecause______.A.theyseethinfamouspeopleB.theycarealotabouthealthC.theydon'thavemuchmoneyD.theyfaceproblemsinlife51.Thewordadolescenceinthefourthparagraphmeans______.A.幼儿期B.青春期C.青年期D.老年期52.SupposeJackisfromapoorfamily;whatdoyouthinkhemayworrymoreabout?A.fittinginandlosingweightB.fittinginandpeerpressureC.losingweightandbullyingD.losingweightandpeerpressure
Asmanyas60000peopleworldwidedieeachyearfromtoomuchsunbutsimplesafetystepscouldpreventmanydeathsaccordingtoaWorldHealthOrganizationreport.ThereportreleasedonWednesdaywastreatedasthefirstoveralllookattheglobalhealthburdenfromUVradiationwhichislinkedtoupto90percentofmelanoma恶性黑色素瘤andotherskincancers.UVradiationcanalsocausesunburnmorerapidskinagingeyediseasesandreactivationoftheherpes疱疹virusthatcausescoldsoresandpterygiumafleshygrowthonthesurfaceoftheeyE.Weallneedsomesunbuttoomuchsuncanbedangerous—andevendeadlysaidDrMariaNeirathedirectorofWHO’sagencyofpublichealthandtheenvironmentwhoreleasedthereport.TopreventcancerandotherdiseaseslinkedtoUVradiationtheagencyrecommendsthatpeople:—Limittimeinthemiddaysun.—UseshadewiselyandseekshadewhenUVraysaremostintensE.—Wearprotectiveclothinghatsandsunglasses.—Usesunscreenwithasunprotectionfactor15+.—Avoidsunlampsandtanningparlours.Peopleunderage18shouldnotusethematall.TheapplicationofsunscreensshouldnotbeusedtoprolongsunexposurebutrathertoprotecttheskinwhenexposureisunavoidablethereportwarneD.Thereportalsonotedthattheground’ssurfacecanmakeadifference:—Freshsnowreflectsasmuchas80percentofultravioletlight.—Seafoamreflectsabout25percent.—Drybeachsandreflectsabout15percent.SmallamountsofexposuretothesunhelptheskintoproducevitaminD.48.Thereportwashighlyspokenofmainlybecause____.A.ithadlistedupto60000deathsfromUVradiationB.itrelatedthedeathstoUVradiationC.itshowedtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofUVD.itfoundouttheapproachestopreventingdeathsfromUVradiation49.AccordingtoDrMariaNeirawhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Infactweneedonlyasmallamountofsunlight.B.Receivinglargeamountsofsunlightwillcausedeaths.C.MiddaysunlighthasstrongerUVradiation.D.Melanomawilldisappearifwefollowthereport’sadvicE.50.Asaconstructionworkeritisstronglyrecommendedthat____.A.heshouldstayinsidethebuildingB.hespreadsunscreenonthefaceC.heshouldweargoodsunglassesD.hebeequippedwithsunprotection51.Whichofthefollowingcanbetheheadlineofthepassage?A.UV—ADeadlyKillerFromTheSunB.MelanomaCanBePreventedTodayC.UV—AGreatNeedForVitaminD.D.TeenagersMustn’tStayOutside
Mostpeoplefeellonelysometimesbutitusuallyonlylastsbetweenafewminutesandafewhours.Thiskindoflonelinessisnotserious.Infactitisquitenormal.Forsomepeoplethoughlonelinesscanlastforyears.Nowresearcherssaytherearethreedifferenttypesofloneliness.Thefirstkindoflonelinessistemporary.ThisisthemostcommontypE.Itusuallydisappearsquicklyanddoesnotrequireanyspecialattention.Thesecondkindsituation－forexamplefamilyproblemthedeathofalovedoneormovingtoanewplacE.Althoughthiskindoflonelinesscancausephysicalproblemssuchasheadachesandsleeplessnessitusuallydoesnotlastformorethanayear.ThethirdkindoflonelinessisthemostseverE.UnlikethesecondtypechronictheoppositeoftemporaryusuallylastsmorethantwoyearsandhasnospecificcausE.Peoplewhoexperiencehabituallonelinesshaveproblemssocializingandbecomingclosetoothers.Unfortunatelymanychronicallylonelypeoplethinkthereislittleornothingtheycandotoimprovetheircondition.Psychologistsagreethatoneimportantfactorinlonelinessisaperson’ssocialcontactsforexamplefriendsfamilymembersco－workersetC.wedependonvariouspeoplefordifferentreasons.Forinstanceourfamiliesgiveusemotionalsupportourparentsandteachersgiveusguidanceandourfriendssharesimilarinterestsandactivities.HoweverpsychologistshavefoundthatthoughlonelypeoplemayhavemanysocialcontactstheysometimesfeeltheyshouldhavemorE.Theyquestiontheirpopularity.Psychologistsaretryingtofindwaystohelphabituallylonelypeoplefortworeasons:theyareunhappyandunabletosocializeandthereisaconnectionbetweenchroniclonelinessandseriousillnesssuchasheartdiseasewhiletemporaryandsituationallonelinesscanbeasadandsometimesdangerouscondition.Howwouldyoutreattemporarylonelinessaccordingtothepassage?A.Talktofriends.B.Justignoreit.C.Gotoseeadoctor.D.AskyourteachersforguidancE.Itinthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphrefersto___________.A.temporarylonelinessB.situationallonelinessC.anewplaceD.sleeplessnessWhydopsychologistswanttohelpchronicallylonelypeople?A.Chroniclonelinesscancausefamilyproblems.B.ChroniclonelinesscancauseseriousillnessC.ChroniclonelinesscannotbeovercomE.D.ChroniclonelinessisincurablE.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThreekindsoflonelinessB.LonelinessanddiseaseC.LonelinessandsocialcontactsD.Chronicloneliness
C.Arthritisstrokeosteoporosis骨关节炎heartdiseaseanddementiaarewhatwe’vegottolookforwardtoinoldagE.Butconditionslikethesedon’thavetobeimpossibletoavoidsaysNewZealandcookRobynMartin.Shefirmlybelievesthatwearewhatweeatandwecanchoosetoconsumefoodsthatcanslowtheagingprocessandevenpreventcertainillnesses.That’swhyherlatestcookbookisdevotedtorecipesthatuseingredientswithalargenumberofanti-agingbenefits.StoptheClock—theAnti-Agingcookbooklooksatavarietyofhealthproblems—frombraindeclineandjointachesandpainstoheartdiseaseandhighcholesterol胆固醇—thenlistsfoodsthatcanimproveorpreventthemandoffersaselectionofrecipesusingthoseingredients.IwrotethisbooksoIcanofferpeoplelotsofinformationaboutfoodsthatcangivethemabetteroldagE.Sixfoodsthatcanhelpslowtheagingprocess:1.LentilsTheimportantsubstanceincludedinlentilsistheonethatcanhelpyouavoidtheunpleasantsymptomsofmenopause更年期likemoodswings.2.BlueberriesBlueberriesslowandinsomecasesreversedamageinagingbrains.Theyarealsorichinsomechemicalswhichkeepyourlookingyoungandhelprelievearthritic关节炎的pain.3.CarrotsCarrotshavehighlevelsofbeta-carotenewhichchangestovitaminA.inthebody.Sotheymayhelpwithmemorydogoodtotheskinandarealsothoughttolowercholesterol.4.OatsTheproteincalciumandphosphorusinoatsallhelpbuildstrongbonesandconnectivetissuE.ThefibretheycontainhelpslowercholesterolandhighbloodpressurE.5.SpinachSpinachisagoodsourceoftwoimportantsubstancesinvolvedinprotectingtheDNAinourcellsfromoxication氧化.Itnotonlyhelpstostrengthenthememoryandturnoffgenesthatcanstepupagingbutalsocanhelpimprovethesymptomsofosteoarthritis.6.SoySoyproductshelplowerbloodpressureandcholesterollevelsandarerichinphytoestrogenswhichcanhelppreventhormone-relatedcancers.Soycanalsobehelpfultotheskinmakingitfirmandyouthful.Didyouknow?Tomatoescontainapowerfulsubstancewhichisnotonlyusefulforpreventingproblemsintheheartandlungsbutalsopreventsdiseaseslikecancer.TogainthemostbenefittomatoesshouldbecookeD.64.Ifmemoryoftenfailsyouwhichofthefollowingcombinationwillbegoodtoyou?A.soyandcarrotsB.oatsandsoyC.lentilsandblueberriesD.carrotsandspinach65.Thispassagemainlydealswith_____.A.foodsandingredientsB.foodsandhealthC.foodsandnutritionD.foodsanddiseases66.Thepassageiswritten_____.A.totellthereadersrecipesplayanimportantroleinkeepinghealthyB.toadvertisethefoodsmentionedinthepassageC.totellthereadershowtoslowtheagingprocessD.totellthereadershowtocuresomediseasesbytakingrightfoods
TherearetwotypesofpeopleintheworlD.Althoughtheyhaveequaldegreeofhealthandwealthandothercomfortsoflifeonebecomeshappyandtheotherbecomesunhappy.Thisarisesfromthedifferentwaysinwhichtheyconsiderthingspersonseventsandtheresultingeffectsupontheirminds.Peoplewhoaretobehappyfixtheirattentionontheconvenienceofthings:thepleasantpartsofconversationthewellprepareddishesthegoodnessofthewineandthefineweather.Theyenjoyallthecheerfulthings.Thosewhoaretobeunhappythinkandspeakonlyoftheoppositethings.ThereforetheyarecontinuallydissatisfieD.BytheirremarkstheysourthepleasureofsocietyoffendhurtmanypeopleandmakethemselvesdisagreeableeverywherE.IfthisturnofmindwasfoundedinnaturesuchunhappypersonswouldbethemoretobepitieD.Theintentionofcriticizing批评andbeingdislikedisperhapstakenupbyimitation模仿.Itgrowsintoahabitunknowntoitspossessors.Thehabitmaybestrongbutitmaybecuredwhenthosewhohaveitrealizeitsbadeffectsontheirinterestsandtastes.Ihopethislittlewarningmaybeofservicetothemandhelpthemchangethishabit.Althoughinfactitischieflyanactoftheimaginationithasseriousresultsinlifesinceitbringsondeepsorrowandbadluck.Thosepeopleoffendmanyothers;nobodylovesthemandnoonetreatsthemwithmorethanthemostcommonpolitenessandrespect.Thisfrequentlyputstheminbadtemperanddrawsthemintoarguments.Iftheyaimatgettingsomeadvantagesinsocialpositionorfortunenobodywishesthemsuccess.Norwillanyonestartasteporspeakawordtofavortheirhopes.Iftheybringonthemselvespublicobjectionsnoonewilldefendorexcusethemandmanywilljointocriticizetheirwrongdoings.Theseshouldchangethisbadhabitandbepleasedwithwhatispleasingwithoutworryingneedlesslyaboutthemselvesandothers.Iftheydonotitwillbegoodforotherstoavoidanycontact接触withthem.Otherwiseitcanbedisagreeableandsometimesveryinconvenientespeciallywhenonebecomesmixedupintheirquarrels.Peoplewhoareunhappy_______.A.alwaysconsiderthingsdifferentlyfromothersB.usuallyareaffectedbytheresultsofcertainthingsC.usuallymisunderstandwhatothersthinkorsayD.alwaysdiscovertheunpleasantsideofcertainthingsThephrasesourthepleasureofsocietymostnearlymeans_______.A.haveagoodtastewithsociallifeB.makeothersunhappyC.tendsoscoldothersopenlyD.enjoythepleasureoflifeWecanconcludefromthepassagethat_______.A.weshouldpityallsuchunhappypeopleB.suchunhappypeoplearedangeroustosociallifeC.peoplecangetridofthehabitofunhappinessD.unhappypeoplecannotunderstandhappypersonsIfsuchunhappypersonsinsistonkeepingthehabittheauthorsuggeststhatpeopleshould_______.A.preventanycommunicationwiththemB.shownorespectandpolitenesstothemC.persuadethemtorecognizethebadeffectsD.quarrelwiththemuntiltheyrealizethemistakesInthispassagethewritermainly_______.A.describestwotypesofpeopleB.laughsattheunhappypeopleC.suggeststheunhappypeopleshouldgetridofthehabitsofunhappinessD.tellspeoplehowtobehappyinlife
Doesadrinkadaykeepheartattacksaway?Overthepast20yearsnumerousstudieshavefoundthatmoderatealcoholconsumptionsayoneortwobeersglassesofwineorcocktailsdailyhelpstopreventcoronaryheartdiseasE.LastweekareportintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineaddedstrongnewevidenceinsupportofthattheory.Moreimportanttheworkprovidedthefirstsolidinduction归纳ofhowalcoholworkstoprotecttheheart.InthestudyresearchersfromBoston’sBrighamandWomen’sHospitalandHarvardMedicalSchoolcomparedthedrinkinghabitsof340menandwomenwhohadsufferedrecentheartattackwiththoseofhealthypeopleofthesameageandsex.ThescientistsfoundthatpeoplewhosiponetothreedrinksadayareabouthalfaslikelytosufferheartattacksasnondrinkersarE.Theapparentsourceoftheprotection:thosewhodrankalcoholhadhigherbloodlevelsofhighdensitylipoproteinstheso-calledgoodcholesterolwhichisknowntopreventheartdiseasE.Asevidencehasmountedsomedoctorshavebegunrecommendingadailydrinkforpatientsofheartdiseases.ButmostphysiciansarenotreadytorecommendaregularhappyhourforeveryonE.Therisksofteetotalling绝对戒酒arenothingcomparedwiththedangersoftoomuchalcoholincludinghighbloodpressurestrokesandlivertroubles—nottomentionviolentbehaviourandtrafficaccidents.Moreoversomestudiessuggestthatevenmoderatedrinkingmayincreasetheincidenceofbreastandcoloncancer.Untilthereisevidencethatthebenefitsofadailydoseofalcoholoutweightherisksmostpeoplewon’tbeabletotakeadoctor’sprescriptiontotheneighbourhoodbarorliquorstorE.Themedicalarticlequotedinthefirstparagraphindicates.A.thewayinwhichalcoholcanhelptheheartB.howacoupleofcocktailsdailycanstopheartproblemsC.whyalcoholicdrinksaredangeroustoone’shealththatreportsontheadvantagesofalcoholweremisledExperimentsshowedthatnondrinkershad__________.A.largeramountsofgoodcholesterolB.smalleramountsofgoodcholesterolC.higherbloodpressureD.lowerbloodpressureAccordingtothepassagemoderatedrinking.A.isrecommendedbymostdoctorsforheartpatientsB.shouldbeallowedonprescriptionC.isstillnotmedicallyadvisableD.isnotrelatedtoliverproblemsThemainthemeofthispassageis.A.thechangeinrecentdrinkinghabitsB.theconnectionbetweencancerandalcoholC.whethermoderatedrinkersoutlivenondrinkersD.whetheralcoholmaybegoodforone’shealth
请认真阅读下面短文并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填放最恰当的单词注意每个空格只填1个单词请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上AIDSAcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndromeisamedicalconditioncausedbyHIVHumanImmunodeficiencyVirusaviruswhichdamagespeople’snaturaldefensesagainstdiseasE.Sofarnocurehasbeenfoundforit.Intheearlymid-1980swhileotherpartsoftheworldwerebeginningtodealwiththeseriousdiseaseAsiaremainedrelativelyunaffectedbythisnewlydiscoveredhealthproblem.Bytheearly1990showeverHIVandAIDShadhitseveralAsiancountriesandbytheendofthatdecadeHIVwasspreadingrapidlyinmanyareasofthecontinent.TodayHIVandAIDSareagrowingproblemineveryregionofAsiA.ThelateststatisticsproducedbyUNAIDSsuggestthatin2008over5millionpeoplewerelivingwithHIVorAIDSinAsiA.VariousfactorscausethespreadofHIVincludingpovertyinequalityunequalstatusofwomenculturalmythsaboutsexandhighlevelsofmigration移民.Althoughit’susefultounderstandthesituationofAIDSinAsiaasawholeeachcountryintheregionfacesadifferentsituation.InCambodiaandThailandtherehasbeenevidenceofdeclinesinHIVinfectionlevels.InIndonesiaPakistanandVietnammeanwhilethenumberofpeoplelivingwithHIVhasrapidlyincreaseD.InChinathenumberofpeoplenewlyinfectedwithHIVandAIDSisalsorisingalthoughatamuchslowerpacE.MuchimprovementisneededtopreventHIVandAIDSaroundAsiA.Newguidelinesandpolicydocumentshavebeencontinuallyissuedovertheyears.Mostofthesuccessfulprogramsdohaveatleastthreefeaturesincommon.FirstlytheseprogramsencourageHIVandAIDSeducationamongthegeneralpopulationtoteachpeoplehowtoavoidinfectionandtofacediscrimination.Secondlytheyareeverypracticalandtheyinvolvetheinfectedpeoplethemselvesinprogramdesignandimplementation实施.LastbutnotleaststrongleadershipisessentialforHIVprevention.IfalloftheleaderstrulycommittedthemselvestothiscausethemagreatmanyliveswouldbesaveD.OverviewofHIVandAIDSinAsiaTheofAIDSHIVavirusthebody’simmunesystem.Thepastsituation◇Intheearlymid-1980swithotherpartsoftheworldtroubledwiththeseriousdiseaseAsiaremainedunaffectedbythisnewlydiscoveredhealthproblem.◇Intheearly1990sHIVandAIDSonlyseveralAsiancountriesbutHIVwasspreadingrapidlyinthenext10yearsinAsiA.Thesituation◇AIDS/HIVisagrowingproblemineveryregionover5millionspeoplelivingHIVorAIDS.◇Asiancourtiersarefacingsituationstoday.TheimprovementtopreventHIVandAIDSincludingthreemostofthesuccessfulprogramshaveincommon◇peopletobeeducatedabouthowtoavoidinfectionandfacediscrimination.◇beingpracticalandgettingtheinfectedpeoplE.intheprogramdesignandimplementation.◇Leaders’takinganactivepartinthecausE.
TheManofManySecrets—HarryHoudini—wasoneofthegreatestAmericanentertainersinthetheaterthiscentury.Hewasamanfamousforhisescapes—fromprisoncellsfromwoodenboxesfloatinginriversfromlockedtanksfullofwater.HeappearedintheatersalloverEuropeandAmericA.CrowdscametoseethegreatHoudiniandhismagictricks.Ofcoursehissecretwasnotmagicorsupernaturalpowers.Itwassimplystrength.Hehadtheabilitytomovehistoesaswellashemovedhisfingers.HecouldmovehisbodyintoalmostanypositionhewanteD.Houdinistartedworkingintheentertainmentworldwhenhewas17in1891.HeandhisbrotherTheoperformedcardtricksinclubinNewYork.TheycalledthemselvestheHoudiniBrothers.WhenHarrymarriedin1894heandhiswifeBessworkedtogetherasmagicianandassistant.Butforalongtimetheywerenotverysuccessful.ThenHarryperformedhisfirstprisonescapeinChicagoin1898.Harrypersuadedadetectivetolethimtrytoescapefromtheprisonandheinvitedthelocalnewspapermentowatch.Itwasthepublicity宣传thatcamefromthisthatstartedHarryHoudini’ssuccess.Harryhadfingerstrainedtoescapefromhandcuffsandtoestrainedtoescapeanklechins.Buthisbiggestsecretwashowheunlockedtheprisondoors.EverytimehewentintotheprisoncellBessgavehimakissforgoodluck—andasmallskeletonkeywhichisakeythatfitsmanylockspassquicklyfromhermouthtohis.HarryusedtheseprisonescapestobuildhisfamE.HearrangedtoescapefromthelocalprisonofeverytownhevisiteD.Intheafternoonthepeopleofthetownwouldreadaboutitintheirlocalnewspapersandintheeveningeveryseatinthelocaltheaterwouldbefull.Whatwastheresult?World-widefameandanamerememberedtoday.AccordingtothepassageHoudini’ssuccessinprisonescapesdependson_______.A.hisspecialtricksandsupernaturalpowersB.hisunusualabilityandaskeletonkeyC.hismagictricksandinhumanpowersD.hiswisdomandmagictricksInthefourthparagraphtheunderlinedwordthisrefersto_______.A.hisfirstprisonescapeB.theyear1898C.thepublicityD.HarryHoudini’ssuccessItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatHoudinibecamefamous_______.A.in1894B.beforehemarriedC.attheageof17D.whenhewasabout24Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.A.SkeletonKeyB.A.ManofManySecretsC.World-wildFameD.GreatEscape
HealthyHabitsHealthyBodyFeeltiredlately?Hasadoctorsaidhecan’tfindanythingwrongwithyou?Perhapshesentyoutoahospitalbutalltheadvancedequipmentthereshowsthatthereisnothingwrongwithyou.Thenconsiderthisyoumightbeinastateofsub-health亚健康.Sub-healthalsocalledthethirdstateorgraystateisexplainedasaborderlinestatebetweenhealthanddiseasE.AccordingtotheinvestigationbytheNationalHealthOrganizationover45percentofsub-healthypeoplearemiddle-agedorelderly.Thepercentageisevenhigheramongpeoplewhoworkinmanagementpositionsaswellasstudentsaroundexam-week.Symptoms征兆includealackofenergydepression压抑slowreactionsinsomnia失眠agitationandpoormemory.Othersymptomsincludeshortnessofbreathsweatingandachinginthewaistandlegs.Thekeytopreventingandrecoveringfromsub-healthaccordingtosomemedicalexpertsistoformgoodlivinghabitsalternateworkandrestexerciseregularlyandtakepartinopenairactivities.Asformealspeopleareadvisedtoeatlesssaltandsugar.Theyshouldalsoeatmorefreshvegetablesfruitsfishbecausetheyarerichinnutritionalelementsvitaminsandtraceelementsvitaminsandtraceelementsthatareimportanttothebody.Nutrition营养expertspointoutthatitisnotgoodtoeattoomuchatonemealbecauseitmaycauseunhealthychangesinthedigestivetract消化系统.Theyalsosaythatabalanceddietisveryhelpfulinavoidingsub-health.63.Accordingtothispassagewhichofthefollowingisright?A.Whenyouareinastateofsub-healthyoushouldstayhomeandkeepsilent.B.Whenyouareinastateofsub-healthyoushouldgotoseeadoctorandbuysomemedicinE.C.Whenyouareinastateofsub-healthyoushouldhaveyourselfexaminedinforeigncountries.D.Whenyouareinastateofsub-healthyoushouldfindoutthereasonsandrelaxyourself.64.Middle-agedpeoplemaybeeasytogetsub-healthbecause___.A.theyhaveuseduptheirenergyB.theyhavelosttheirlivinghopesC.theyhavemorepressureinlifeandworkD.theybegintogetolder65.Thekeytopreventingyoufromfallingintoastateofsub-healthisthatyoushould___.A.workhardB.sleepmoreC.formgoodlivinghabitsD.takemoremedicine66.Asforfoodexpertssuggestedthat___.A.weshouldnevereatmeatB.weshouldhavevarietyoffoodC.weshouldeatlessthanusualD.weshouldhavemealswithoutsalttosugar67.Thebold-facedwordalternateinthispassageisclosestinmeaningto___.A.arrangebyturnsB.causetotakeplaceC.keepupD.takeup
Rememberhowgreatexercisewaswhenyouwerealittlekid?Backthenracingaroundtheplaygroundorskippingropeforhoursyouweren’tthinkingfitnessyouwerethinkingentertainment.Butinthisageofhigh-techhomeequipmentandunderusedgymmembershipsthesimplejoyofjumpingropehasbeenforgottenRediscoveringitwillgiveyouatotal-bodyexerciseyoucanfinD.Althoughconsideredanexcellentformofexercisejumpingropehasnevergainedwidespreadacceptancebecauseoftwofundamentalreasons.Firstmostpeoplerecognizejumpingropeasanexcellentformofcardiovascular心血管的exercisebuttheyalsobelievethatitissimplytoodifficult.Inotherwordstheydon’tthinkthey’llbeabletocontinuejumpingforthenear20minutesthatittakestoachieveabeneficialphysicaloutcomE.SecondmanyviewitassomewhatboringandoverlyrepetitivenotassomethingfunorenjoyablE.Asamatteroffactjumpingropecanbegreatfunifyoufindaproperwaytopracticeit.Insteadofdoingtheusualtwo-footbounceoverandoveragainpeoplegoodatrope-jumpingoftenchangetheirpatternevery10or20jumps.A.singlebounceadouble-bounceaskipaknee-upsideswingsaswellasavarietyofothereasy-to-learnfree-stylerope-jumping.Nowresearchersarelearningthatjumpingropealsopreparesthebrainforlearning.Itisanexerciseallowingbothbrainhemispherestoperforminparalleltoeachother.Inshortjumpingropecanbealife-longactivityrequiringlittleequipmenttimeandspaceyetleadingtoamuchhealthierlifE.61.Fromthefirstparagraphwelearnthat_________.A.jumpingropehasfadedfrompeople’smemoriesB.peoplenowhavemoreadvancedequipmentC.racingaroundtheplaygroundwaspreferredD.peoplenowliketohaveexerciseinagym62.Ropejumpinghasnotspreadwidelybecause_________.A.itbenefitsthecardiovascularsystemB.itisneithereasynorenjoyableC.itisconsideredboringandrepetitiveD.itrequireslittleequipmenttimeandspace63.Thefirstsentenceinthe3rdparagraphimplies_________.A.thereisonlyoneproperwaytofollowB.theusualwayshouldnotbeusedC.theeasiestwayisalwaysthebestD.therearemanywaystofollow64.Accordingtotheresearchersjumpingrope_________.A.onlypreparesthebrainforlearningB.issuitableforstudentsonlyC.helpsbothbrainhemispheresworktogetherD.canbedangerousforoldpeople65.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsropejumping?A.HeisarguingagainstitB.HeisinfavorofitC.HeissittingonthefenceofitD.Heisnotclearaboutit
Childrenwhoeatlesssaltanddrinkfewersugar-sweetenedsoftdrinksmaysignificantlylowertheirrisksofobesityresearchersrecentlyreportedinthejournalHypertension.Sugar-sweetenedsoftdrinksareasignificantsourceofcalorieintakeinchildrensaidFengJ.HearesearcheratStGeorge’sUniversityofLondonEnglanD.Ithasbeenshownthatsugar-sweetenedsoftdrinkconsumptionisrelatedtoobesityinyoungpeoplE.Theywantedtoknowwhetherthereisalinkbetweensaltintakeandsugar-sweetenedsoftdrinkconsumption.DrHeandcolleaguesanalyzeddatafroma1997nationalsurveyofmorethan2000peoplebetween4and18inBritain.Wefoundthatchildreneatingalower-saltdietdranklessfluidsaidHE.Fromourresearchweestimatedthat1gramofsaltcutfromtheirdailydietwouldreducefluidintakeby100gramsperday.Theresearchersalsofoundthatchildreneatingalower-saltdietdrankfewersugar-sweetenedsoftdrinks.Fromtheirresearchtheypredictedthatreducingsaltintakeby1grameachdaywouldreducesugar-sweetenedsoftdrinkconsumptionby27gramsperdayafter.Ifchildrenaged4to18cuttheirsaltintakebyhalftherewouldbeadecreaseofabouttwosugar-sweetenedsoftdrinksperweekperchildsoeachchildwoulddecreasecalorieintakebyalmost250kilocaloriesperweekDrHesaiD.Inpreviousstudiesresearchersfoundthatalow-saltdietlowersbloodpressureinchildrenandpreventsthedevelopmentofhighbloodpressurelaterinlifE.BothhighbloodpressureandobesityincreasetheriskofhavingstrokesandheartattacksDrHesaiD.DrHerecommendsthatparentschecklabelsandchooselow-saltfoodproducts.Smallreductionsinthesaltcontentof10to20percentcannotbedetectedbythehumansalttastereceptors感受器anddonotcauseanytechnologicalorsafetyproblemsDrHesaiD.Accordingtothepassageobesityisdirectlylinkedto______.A.high-saltfoodsB.sugar-sweetenedsoftdrinksC.highbloodpressureD.strokesandheartattacksComparedwithpreviousstudiestherecentonefoundthat______.A.alower-saltdietmaymeanlesssugar-sweetenedsoftdrinkconsumptionB.alow-saltdietkeepschildrenoutofhighbloodpressureC.childrenfacetheriskofhavingstrokesandheartattacksD.low-saltfoodproductsdonotdoharmtopeople’shealthWhichofthefollowingstatementswouldDrHeagreeto?A.ThelesssaltpeopleeatthehealthierpeoplebecomE.B.ChildrenshouldreducefluidintakeintheirdailylifE.C.Nohigh-saltfoodproductswillbeavailableinshops.D.A.low-saltdietmaypreventbothhighbloodpressureandobesity.Afterreadingthepassagewhoshouldtakeeffectiveaction?A.Children.B.Parents.C.Doctors.D.Researchers.
Whyaresomanypeoplesoafraidoffailure?Quitesimplybecausenoonetellsushowtofailsothatfailurebecomesanexperiencethatwillleadtogrowth.Weforgetthatfailureispartofthehumanconditionandthateverypersonhastherighttofail.MostparentsworkhardateitherpreventingfailureorprotectingtheirchildrenfromtheknowledgethattheyhavefaileD.Onewayistolowerstandards.A.motherdescribesherchild'shurriedly-madetableasperfect!Eventhoughitcouldn'tstandonunevennotsameinheightlegs.AnotherwayistoshiftblamE.IfJohnfailsinsciencehisteacherisunfairorstupiD.Thetroublewithfailure—preventionmethodsisthattheyleaveachildunequippedforlifeintherealworlD.Theyoungneedtolearnthatnoonecanbebestateverythingnoonecanwinallthetime—andthatit'spossibletoenjoyagameevenwhenyoudon'twin.A.childwho'snotinvitedtoabirthdaypartywhodoesn'tmakethehonorrollorthebaseballteamfeelsterribleofcoursE.ButparentsshouldnotofferaquickcomfortprizeorsayItdoesn'tmatterbecauseitdoes.Theyoungshouldbeallowedtoexperiencedisappointmentandbehelpedtomasterit.FailureisneverpleasurablE.Ithurtsgrown-upsandchildrenexactlyalikE.Butitcanmakeapositivecontributiontoyourlifeonceyoulearntouseit.SteponeistoaskWhydidIfail?.Controlthenaturalimpulse冲动toblamesomeoneelsE.AskyourselfwhatyoudidwronghowyoucanimprovE.Ifsomeoneelsecanhelpdon'tbeshyaboutaskingthem.Thispassagemainlytellsusabout_______.A.thereasonswhypeoplefailB.howtofailC.thewaystopreventfailuresD.theimportanceoffacingfailuresWhenthewritersayseverypersonhastherighttofailhemeanstosay_______.A.theworldisfulloffailuresB.nooneisperfectC.failuresarequitecommoninourlivesD.noonecangrowupmentallywithoutfailuresByprotectingtheirchildrenfromtheknowledgethattheyhavefailedthewritermeansthatmostparentstrytheirbest_______.A.tolettheirchildrenknowthattheywon'tfailB.nottoteachtheirchildrenaboutknowledgeoffailureC.toprovidetheirchildrenfortheknowledgeagainstfailureD.tokeeptheirchildrenfromrealizingthattheyfailedAccordingtothewriter_______.A.parentsshouldtelltheirchildrentothinknothingofnotbeingchosenintoafootballteamB.childrenshouldbeencouragedtogetridofdisappointmentallbythemselvesC.parentsshouldjudgewhattheirchildrenhavedoneasitisD.childrenshouldlearntoenjoyagamethattheywon'twin
CanpeoplechangetheirskincolourwithoutsufferinglikepopkingMichaelJackson?Perhapsyes.Scientistshavefoundthegenethatdeterminesskincolour.Thegenecomesintwoversionsoneofwhichisfoundin99percentofEuropeans.Theotherisfoundin93to100percentofAfricansresearchersatPennsylvaniaStateUniversityreportinthelatestissueofSciencE.Scientistshavechangedthecolourofadark-stripedzebrafishtouniformgoldbyinsertingaversionofthepigment色素geneintoayoungfish.Aswithhumanszebrafishskincolourisdeterminedbypigmentcellswhichcontainmelanosomes黑色素.Thenumbersizeanddarknessofmelanosomesperpigmentcelldeterminesskincolour.Itappearsthatlikethegoldenzebrafishlight-skinnedEuropeansalsohaveamutation变异inthegeneformelanosomeproduction.Thisresultsinlesspigmentedskin.HoweverKeithChengleaderoftheresearchteampointsoutthatthemutationisdifferentinhumanandzebrafishgenes.HumansacquireddarkskininAfricaabout1.5millionyearsagotoprotectbodiesfromultra-violetraysofthesun太阳光紫外线whichcancauseskincancer.ButwhenmodernhumansleaveAfricatoliveinnorthernlatitudestheyneedmoresunlightontheirskintoproducevitaminD.SotherelatedgenechangesaccordingtoCheng.AsianshavethesameversionofthegeneasAfricanssotheyprobablyacquiredtheirlightskinthroughtheactionofsomeothergenethataffectsskincoloursaidCheng.Thenewdiscoverycouldleadtomedicaltreatmentsforskincancer.ItalsocouldleadtoresearchintowaystochangeskincolourwithoutdamagingitlikechemicaltreatmentdidonMichaelJackson.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat________.A.peoplecannotchangetheirskincolourwithoutanypainB.thenewdiscoverycouldleadtosearchintowaystochangeskincoloursafelyC.popkingMichaelJacksonoftenchangedhisskincolourashelikedD.scientistshavefoundoutthatpeople’sskincolourisdeterminedbythegeneItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.nowadayspeoplewhowanttochangetheirskincolourhavetosufferalotfromthedamagecausedbythechemicaltreatmentB.EuropeansandAfricanshavethesamegeneC.thenewdiscoverycouldhelptofindmedicaltreatmentsforskincancerD.therearetwokindsofgenesScientistshavedoneanexperimentonadark-stripedzebrafishinorderto________.A.findthedifferentgenesofhumans’B.provethehumans’skincolourisdeterminedbythepigmentgeneC.findoutthereasonwhytheAfricans’skincolourisdarkD.findoutthewaysofchangingpeopl’sskincolourThereasonwhyEuropeansarelight-skinnedisprobablythat________.A.theyarebornlight-skinnedpeopleB.light-skinnedEuropeanshavemutationinthegenformelanosomeproductionC.theyhavefeweractivitiesoutsideD.theypaymuchattentiontoprotectingtheirskinThewriter’sattitudetowardsthediscoveryis________.A.neutralB.negativeC.positiveD.indifferent
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