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Whileitisgenerallyagreedthatthepoweroflargecompaniesextendsbeyondtheeconomicspherethisinfluenceisdifficulttomeasureinanyobjectiveway.Theprocessesofbusinessentailatleastsomeefforttoensurethesympatheticenactmentandenforcementoflegislationsincecostsandearningsareaffectedbytaxratesandgovernmentregulations.Companiesandbusinessgroupssendagentstolocalandnationalcapitalsandusesuchvehiclesasadvertisingtoenlistsupportforpoliciesthattheyfavor.Althoughinmanycountriescompaniesmaynotlegallycontributedirectlytocandidatesrunningforpublicofficetheirexecutivesandstockholdersmaydosoasindividuals.Companiesmayhowevermakepaymentstoinfluencepeddlersandcontributetocommitteesworkingtopassordefeatlegislativeproposals.Inpracticaltermsmanylawmakerslookuponcompaniesaspartoftheirconstituencyalthoughiftheirdistrictsdependonlocalplantstheselawmakersmaybeconcernedmorewithpreservingjobsthanwithprotectingcompanyprofits.Inanycaselimited-liabilitycompaniesarecentralinstitutionsinsociety;itwouldbeunrealistictoexpectthemtoremainalooffromthepoliticalprocessthataffectstheiroperationsperformanceandprinciples.Thedecisionsmadebycompanymanagementshaveramificationsthroughoutsociety.Ineffectcompaniescandecidewhichpartsofthecountryorevenwhichpartsoftheworldwillprosperandwhichwilldeclinebychoosingwheretolocatetheirplantsandotherinstallations.Thegiantcompaniesnotonlydecidewhattoproducebutalsohelptoinstillintheircustomersadesirefortheamenitiesthatthecompaniesmakeavailable.Totheextentthatlargefirmsprovideemploymenttheirpersonnelrequirementsdeterminethecurriculaofschoolsanduniversities.Forthesereasonsindividuals’aspirationsanddissatisfactionsarelikelytobeinfluencedbylargecompanies.Thisdoesnotmeanthatlargebusinessfirmscaninfluencethepublicinanywaytheychoose;itissimplythattheyaretheonlyinstitutionsavailabletoperformcertainfunctions.Automobilestypewritersfrozenfoodandelectrictoastersmustcomefromcompanyauspicesiftheyaretobeprovidedatall.Understandingthisdependenceasagivencompaniestendtocreateanenvironmentcongenialtotheconductoftheirbusiness.AllthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT______.
To:StaffoftheMarketingDepartment From:ColleenDaneDirectorofMarketing Date:November6th ThismemoistoinformallmarketingstaffthattherewillbeamandatorymeetingonTuesdayNovember14that2:00p.m. Themeetingwillbeconductedviaavideo-conferencewithourcompanyheadquartersinSeattle.FormtheheadofficeJoeLamondourcompanyvicepresidentwillgiveusfeedbackandaskquestionsregardingourproposalsforthenewadvertisingstrategy. WhatdowethemarketingteamwanttoaccomplishinthismeetingThegoalissimple:Wehopetoelicitthevicepresident’sconsentforourprintmediacampaignonthenewSpringShoe.Oncewereceivehisapprovalwecangoaheadandofferourproposaltotheadvertisingfirm.Ifanystaffmembercannotattendthismeetingthatemployeeisobligedtosubmitinwritingareasonfortheirabsence. ColleenDane DirectorofMarketing To:ColleenDaneDirectorofMarketing From:KeithWilsonSeniorMarketingConsultant Date:November7th DearMs.Dane I’mwritinginresponsetoyourdepartment-widememoofNovember6th. UponreviewofmyscheduleIhavetoreportthatIcannotaccommodateyourrequestforattendingthemeetingonthe14th.Ihavealong-standingcommitmentonthatsameafternoontoattendtheopeningceremonyofournewfactoryinWichita. AsaconsultantIregrethavingtomissthemeetingasit’snecessaryformetobeactivelyinvolvedinournewadvertisingcampaign.UnfortunatelythepresidenthimselfinsistedthatIbepresentattheupcomingceremony. WhatIproposeisasortofcompromiseformyabsence.SheilaParksajunioronourmarketingteamiswillingtotranscribetheminutesformesoIcanreviewthemeeting’scontentindetailwhenIreturntotheoffice.IfthevicepresidentaddressesaquestiontomedirectlyIwillrespondpromptlybycontactinghimbyemailorphone.AlsoIwillaskJoeDunnseniormanagerofthemarketingteamtobriefmeonthemeeting’soutcome. Pleaseunderstandmyposition.Iwaitforyoureply. KeithWilson HowwilltheMarketingDepartmentcommunicatewiththevicepresident
Thisnoticeconcernsallemployeeswhousetheconferencerooms.Startingimmediatelyyouwillneedtoofficiallyreserveanyconferenceroomyouwishtouse.Anyreservationsoflongerthanthreeconsecutivehourswillrequirethewrittenapprovalofyourdepartmentmanager. Reservationformsareavailableintheemployeelounge.Youmustsubmiteachformtoyourdepartmentsecretaryatleastthreebusinessdaysinadvance.Ifyouneedtocancelameetingpleasebesuretoinformthesecretarysothatyourreservationmaybecanceledaswell.Anyemployeesusingtheconferenceroomswithoutproperauthorizationwillbeaskedtoleave. Thankyouinadvanceforyourcooperationinthismatter. JosephMohammad AssistantDirectorofOperations From:HollyGraham＜graham1917@nkkcompany.com＞ To:JosephMohammad＜mohahello@nkkcompany.com＞ Subject:Aboutthereservationofconferenceroom DearJoseph I’mwritinginresponsetoyournoticeonreservingconferencerooms.AsacompanysalesmanagerIhavetosaythatmysalespeoplearenottoohappywiththissuddenchangeinprocedure. Pleasekeepinmindthattheyareoftenawayonbusinesstripsorworkingonotherassignmentsthatkeepthemoutoftheofficeforlongperiodsoftime.Theysimplydon’thavethetimetocheckthescheduleandmakereservationlikeon-siteemployees.Ifoneofourclientsshowsupunexpectedlyitwillbeembarrassingforeveryoneifwedon’thaveaconferenceroomavailable.I’dlikeyoutoconsidermakinganamendmenttotheruleallowingoursalesforcetoreserveconferenceroomsatshortnotice.Thanks. HollyGraham Thewordconcernsinparagraph1line1ofthenoticeisclosestinmeaningto.
Thispositionrequiressomeonewhoisofmakingcomplexdecisionsinahigh-pressureenvironment.
From:MitchellGlass＜mglass@popmail.net＞ To:LoisWest＜lois-west@wec.com＞ Subject:Manythanks DearMs.West IwouldliketothankyoufortakingthetimetomeetwithmelastFridaytodiscussthecurrentjobopeningintheengineeringdepartmentatWilfordElectronicComponentsWEC. AsImentionedIamparticularlyinterestedinthepositioninofassistantelectricalengineerasitoffersa21workenvironmentandopportunitiesforadvancement. Ifeelthatmy22educationalbackgroundandmyrecentexperienceasasystemsengineerwithAltechInc.closelymatchtherequirementforthejob. WECisaveryimpressiveorganizationandIwouldgreatlyappreciatethechancetocontributemyownuniqueskillsandperspectivetoitsmissionofprovidingelectronicsmanufacturerswithcomponentsofthe23quality. Thankyouagainforyourconsideration.Ilookforwardtotalkingwithyouagainsoon. Sincerely MitchellGlass 21
TheShanghaiTechnicalSupervisionBureaurecentlyreleasedtheresultsofasamplesurveyof486Modelcomputersbeingsoldinthecity’smarkets.Thesurveyrevealedthatnineof14typesor64percentofimportedbrand-namecomputersfulfilledthestandards.Alargenumberofthelow-qualityforeigncomputerswhichweremarketedasworld-famousbrandswereactuallycounterfeitedshoddyproductslackingthenecessaryinformationsuchasregisteredtrademarksfactoryoforiginqualitycertificationsandsafetyindices.InadditionasurveyofShanghaifootwearmarketsconductedbytheBureauon30-oddoccasionssinceearlythisyearindicatedvariousbrandsofforeignshoesincludingNikeandPumawerelow-qualitycounterfeitedgoods.Theallegedlyworld-famousbrandspricedbetween300-500Yuanperpairwereactuallyworthonly40-60Yuan.AnofficialfromtheChinaConsumerAssociationpointedtothefollowingcomplaintsconcerningforeigngoods:Qualityproblemsrelatedtoindividualcommoditieshavedevelopedintoauniversalproblemdirectlyrelatetobatchshipmentsofcommodities.Itisthusquiteobviousthatthecrackdownoncounterfeitshoddyforeigngoodsisataskrequiringtheutmostimmediacy.TheappearanceofshoddycounterfeitforeigngoodshasadverselyaffectedthenormaloperationsofChina’srealforeign-goodsmarketshasgreatlyharmedtheinterestsofconsumersandresultedinsubstantiallossesinstatetaxrevenue.Officialshavepointedoutthatthekeytocrackingdownoncounterfeitforeigngoodsistoattackillegalactsrelatedtosellingsham虚假的foreigngoodsatthepricesapplicableforauthenticproducts.Officialsrecommendthatcommodityinspectiontechnicalsupervisionandindustrialandcommercialdepartmentsshouldstrengthenlawenforcementeffortsincreasethefrequencyofinspectionsandeliminatethesourcesofshamforeigngoods.Enterprisesproducingandmarketingshamforeigngoodsshouldbesubjecttoseverepunishmentwithallcasesreferredtothejudicialdepartmentsforadjudicationandpublicsupervisionshouldbeintensified.Consumersontheotherhandshouldmakeeveryefforttoconstantlyenhancetheirabilitytodiscerncounterfeitforeigngoodsandshouldrefrainfromblindlypurchasingsuchproductssimplybecauseoftheirlowprice.AnofficialfromtheChinaConsumerAssociationpointedoutthat______.
To:StaffoftheMarketingDepartment From:ColleenDaneDirectorofMarketing Date:November6th ThismemoistoinformallmarketingstaffthattherewillbeamandatorymeetingonTuesdayNovember14that2:00p.m. Themeetingwillbeconductedviaavideo-conferencewithourcompanyheadquartersinSeattle.FormtheheadofficeJoeLamondourcompanyvicepresidentwillgiveusfeedbackandaskquestionsregardingourproposalsforthenewadvertisingstrategy. WhatdowethemarketingteamwanttoaccomplishinthismeetingThegoalissimple:Wehopetoelicitthevicepresident’sconsentforourprintmediacampaignonthenewSpringShoe.Oncewereceivehisapprovalwecangoaheadandofferourproposaltotheadvertisingfirm.Ifanystaffmembercannotattendthismeetingthatemployeeisobligedtosubmitinwritingareasonfortheirabsence. ColleenDane DirectorofMarketing To:ColleenDaneDirectorofMarketing From:KeithWilsonSeniorMarketingConsultant Date:November7th DearMs.Dane I’mwritinginresponsetoyourdepartment-widememoofNovember6th. UponreviewofmyscheduleIhavetoreportthatIcannotaccommodateyourrequestforattendingthemeetingonthe14th.Ihavealong-standingcommitmentonthatsameafternoontoattendtheopeningceremonyofournewfactoryinWichita. AsaconsultantIregrethavingtomissthemeetingasit’snecessaryformetobeactivelyinvolvedinournewadvertisingcampaign.UnfortunatelythepresidenthimselfinsistedthatIbepresentattheupcomingceremony. WhatIproposeisasortofcompromiseformyabsence.SheilaParksajunioronourmarketingteamiswillingtotranscribetheminutesformesoIcanreviewthemeeting’scontentindetailwhenIreturntotheoffice.IfthevicepresidentaddressesaquestiontomedirectlyIwillrespondpromptlybycontactinghimbyemailorphone.AlsoIwillaskJoeDunnseniormanagerofthemarketingteamtobriefmeonthemeeting’soutcome. Pleaseunderstandmyposition.Iwaitforyoureply. KeithWilson WhichofthefollowingdoesMr.WilsonNOTmentionaspartofhiscompromise
Ms.Arroyasaysthatwhenworkshopbeginstoslowdownitmaybetimetohiremoreworkers.
TheShanghaiTechnicalSupervisionBureaurecentlyreleasedtheresultsofasamplesurveyof486Modelcomputersbeingsoldinthecity’smarkets.Thesurveyrevealedthatnineof14typesor64percentofimportedbrand-namecomputersfulfilledthestandards.Alargenumberofthelow-qualityforeigncomputerswhichweremarketedasworld-famousbrandswereactuallycounterfeitedshoddyproductslackingthenecessaryinformationsuchasregisteredtrademarksfactoryoforiginqualitycertificationsandsafetyindices.InadditionasurveyofShanghaifootwearmarketsconductedbytheBureauon30-oddoccasionssinceearlythisyearindicatedvariousbrandsofforeignshoesincludingNikeandPumawerelow-qualitycounterfeitedgoods.Theallegedlyworld-famousbrandspricedbetween300-500Yuanperpairwereactuallyworthonly40-60Yuan.AnofficialfromtheChinaConsumerAssociationpointedtothefollowingcomplaintsconcerningforeigngoods:Qualityproblemsrelatedtoindividualcommoditieshavedevelopedintoauniversalproblemdirectlyrelatetobatchshipmentsofcommodities.Itisthusquiteobviousthatthecrackdownoncounterfeitshoddyforeigngoodsisataskrequiringtheutmostimmediacy.TheappearanceofshoddycounterfeitforeigngoodshasadverselyaffectedthenormaloperationsofChina’srealforeign-goodsmarketshasgreatlyharmedtheinterestsofconsumersandresultedinsubstantiallossesinstatetaxrevenue.Officialshavepointedoutthatthekeytocrackingdownoncounterfeitforeigngoodsistoattackillegalactsrelatedtosellingsham虚假的foreigngoodsatthepricesapplicableforauthenticproducts.Officialsrecommendthatcommodityinspectiontechnicalsupervisionandindustrialandcommercialdepartmentsshouldstrengthenlawenforcementeffortsincreasethefrequencyofinspectionsandeliminatethesourcesofshamforeigngoods.Enterprisesproducingandmarketingshamforeigngoodsshouldbesubjecttoseverepunishmentwithallcasesreferredtothejudicialdepartmentsforadjudicationandpublicsupervisionshouldbeintensified.Consumersontheotherhandshouldmakeeveryefforttoconstantlyenhancetheirabilitytodiscerncounterfeitforeigngoodsandshouldrefrainfromblindlypurchasingsuchproductssimplybecauseoftheirlowprice.Thesamplesurveyoncomputersdiscoveredthat______.
ENTRY-LEVERPOSITIONSWITHEMPLOYCO Respectedemploymentagencyseeksrecentgraduatesforentry-levelpositionsinthefieldofjobrecruitment.Noexperienceisrequiredbutyoumusthaveabachelor’sdegreeorhigher.Desiredqualitiesincludeprecisionpunctualityandcommunicationskills.Afamiliaritywithgeneralofficecomputerprogramsishelpfulbutnotrequired.SelectedcandidateswillassistourheadhuntersinrecruitingpersonnelforsomeofthetopcorporationsinAmericawhileearningaguaranteedsalaryunlimitedcommissionsandinvaluableexperience.Threeweeksofpaidtrainingisrequired. Don’tmissthischancetogetoutofthejobmarketandintothenation’sfastest-growingmostlucrativeindustry.InterestedapplicantsshouldcontactourHumanResourcesDepartmentatHR@employco.comor1-800-937-9924extension44. From:MarshallNixon＜nixonm@daumworld.com＞ To:HRdepartment＜HR@employco.com＞ Subject:Aboutthejob Towhomitmayconcern Iamwritinginresponsetoyouradvertisementforentry-levelpositionsatEmployco.AsarecentcollegegraduatewithadegreeinCommunicationsIreadyouradvertisementwithgreatinterest.Withunemploymentrateshighthesedaystheemploymentindustryseemsmorepromisingthanever.ThereforeIhavemadeitmygoaltoestablishacareeratarespectedagencyinthefield. IamfamiliarwithyourfirmthroughyourwebsitewhichIhaveusedextensivelyasaresourceinmyjobsearch.Ihavebeenquiteimpressedwithyouragency’scustomizedserviceforjobapplicants.Yourwebsiteoffersarefreshingblendofhelpfuladviceusefulinformationandstraightforwardstatistics. InshortIamexcitedattheprospectofjoiningyouragencyasafull-timeemployee.WithmyeducationalbackgroundandbroadrangeofexperiencesIfeelIcanmakeanimmediatecontributiontoEmployco.Atyourearliestpossibleconveniencepleasesendmemoreinformationaboutyourjobvacanciesandletmeknowhowtobegintheapplicationprocess. Sincerely MarshallNixon WhydoesMr.Nixsonwanttobeginacareerintheemploymentindustry
Thechapteronreimbursementsintheemployeehandbookadvisestoreportanytravelexpensestothefinancialdepartment.
From:DavidJohnson＜davidlove@nextdesign.com＞ To:EricAnderson＜anderson1618@adlove.com＞ HelloEric.Thanksforyouremail.FirstI’dliketosayhowpleasedIwastohearthatyourcompanyacceptedourbidtodesignyournewadcampaign.Wewillbeusingasubcontractortohandlealloftheprintingforthiscampaignincludingpamphletsandsigns.InthepastwehaveusedacompanycalledQualityPress.ItisasubsidiaryofPrintcoandisquitereliable.Iwillsendyoualistoftheirestimatedcostsalongwithaspreadsheetoutliningtherevisiontoourproposedschedule. AlsoIhaveassignedoneofourstaffmemberstoassembleataskforthatwillbeinchargeofconsumerresearchforthisproject.HernameisKarenLopezandshe’saspecialistinmarkettrends.Shewillbemailingyouapacketcontainingasummaryofourpreliminarymarketresearchlatertoday. DavidJohnson WhattypeofthecompanydoesMr.Johnsonmostlikelyworkfor
Ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicapbutifproperlyhandleditmaybecomeadrivingforce.WhentheUnitedStatesenteredjustsuchaglowingperiodaftertheendoftheSecondWorldWarithadamarketeighttimeslargerthananycompetitorgivingitsindustrialunparalleledeconomiesofscale.Itsscientistsweretheworld’sbestitsworkersthemostskilled.AmericaandAmericanswereprosperousbeyondthedreamsoftheEuropeansandAsianswhoseeconomiesthewarhaddestroyed.Itwasinevitablethatthisprimacyshouldhavenarrowedasothercountriesgrewricher.Justasinevitablytheretreatfrompredominanceprovedpainful.Bythemid-1980sAmericanshadfoundthemselvesatalossovertheirfadingindustrialcompetitiveness.SomehugeAmericanindustriessuchasconsumerelectronicshadshrunkorvanishedinthefaceofforeigncompetition.By1987therewasonlyoneAmericantelevisionmakerleftZenith.Nowthereisnone:ZenithwasboughtbySouthKorea’sLGelectronicsinJuly.Foreign-madecarsandtextilesweresweepingintothedomesticmarket.America’smachine-toolindustrywasontheropes.ForawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductorswhichAmericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputeragewasgoingtobethenextcasualty.Allofthiscausedacrisisofconfidence.Americansstoppedtakingprosperityforgranted.Theybegantobelievethattheirwayofdoingbusinesswasfailingandthattheirincomeswouldthereforeshortlybegintofallaswell.Themid-1980sbroughtoneinquiryafteranotherintothecauseofAmerica’sindustrialdecline.Theirsometimessensationalfindingswerefilledwithwarningsaboutthegrowingcompetitionfromoverseas.Howthingshavechanged!In1995theUnitedStatescanlookbackonfiveyearsofsolidgrowthwhileJapanhasbeenstruggling.FewAmericansattributethissolelytosuchobviouscausesasdevalueddollarortheturningofthebusinesscycle.Self-doubthasyieldtoblindpride.Americanindustryhaschangeditsstructurehasgoneonadiethaslearnedtobemorequick-witted.accordingtoRichardCavanaghexecutivedeanofHarvard’sKennedySchoolofGovernment.ItmakesmeproudtobeanAmericanjusttoseehowourbusinessareimprovingtheirproductivity.saysStephenMooreoftheCatoInstituteathink-tankinWashingtonDC.AndWilliamSahlmanoftheHarvardBusinessSchoolbelievesthatpeoplewilllookbackonthisperiodasagoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheUnitedStates./Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage
TheteammanagerchargedMichellePalamideswiththetaskofthedepartment’swebpageforthecompany’snewintranet.
Thisnoticeconcernsallemployeeswhousetheconferencerooms.Startingimmediatelyyouwillneedtoofficiallyreserveanyconferenceroomyouwishtouse.Anyreservationsoflongerthanthreeconsecutivehourswillrequirethewrittenapprovalofyourdepartmentmanager. Reservationformsareavailableintheemployeelounge.Youmustsubmiteachformtoyourdepartmentsecretaryatleastthreebusinessdaysinadvance.Ifyouneedtocancelameetingpleasebesuretoinformthesecretarysothatyourreservationmaybecanceledaswell.Anyemployeesusingtheconferenceroomswithoutproperauthorizationwillbeaskedtoleave. Thankyouinadvanceforyourcooperationinthismatter. JosephMohammad AssistantDirectorofOperations From:HollyGraham＜graham1917@nkkcompany.com＞ To:JosephMohammad＜mohahello@nkkcompany.com＞ Subject:Aboutthereservationofconferenceroom DearJoseph I’mwritinginresponsetoyournoticeonreservingconferencerooms.AsacompanysalesmanagerIhavetosaythatmysalespeoplearenottoohappywiththissuddenchangeinprocedure. Pleasekeepinmindthattheyareoftenawayonbusinesstripsorworkingonotherassignmentsthatkeepthemoutoftheofficeforlongperiodsoftime.Theysimplydon’thavethetimetocheckthescheduleandmakereservationlikeon-siteemployees.Ifoneofourclientsshowsupunexpectedlyitwillbeembarrassingforeveryoneifwedon’thaveaconferenceroomavailable.I’dlikeyoutoconsidermakinganamendmenttotheruleallowingoursalesforcetoreserveconferenceroomsatshortnotice.Thanks. HollyGraham Whatisthenoticemainlyabout
313NorthenBoulevard SpringfieldMassachusetts01103 August2nd2006 Ms.SaraValenti FinancialOfficer DZKInvestmentsUnlimited 23436thAvenue NewYorkNewYork10023 DearMs.Valenti Iwanttostartbysayingthattheloansyourfirmhasmadeoverthepasttwoyearshavebeenveryhelpfultomybusiness.RecentlyhoweverIwaslookingoversomeearliercorrespondenceregardingthemodificationofourcontract.InoticedthatquarterlypaymentsonthelatestloanareduetobeginthisOctober.Iunderstandthatweagreeduponthisdate.HoweverinordertofullyfinancetheexpansionofmybusinessIhavealsotakenoutloanswithseveralbanks.Payingbackthoseloanshasleftmetemporarilyshortofcash.IamrequestingthatyoudelaythestartofmypaymentsuntilJanuary1st. Iunderstandthatthismaybeagainstyourcompany’sprotocolbutpleasetakeintoconsiderationmypunctualityonallpastpayments.Iwouldappreciateyourinputonthismatterassoonaspossible. Sincerely RyanBlack SpringfieldHardware WhydoesMr.Blackwanttodelayhisloanpayment
Conteststhatpromisecashprizesforwinnersareoftenusedbyemployertotheirworkers.
MoneyspentonadvertisingismoneyspentaswellasanyIknowof.Itservesdirectlytoassistarapiddistributionofgoodsatreasonablepricetherebyestablishingafirmhomemarketandsomakingitpossibletoprovideforexportatcompetitiveprices.Bydrawingattentiontonewideasithelpsenormouslytoraisestandardsofliving.Byhelpingtoincreasedemanditensuresanincreasedneedforlaborandisthereforeaneffectivewaytofightunemployment.Itlowersthecostsofmanyservices:withoutadvertisementsyourdailynewspaperwouldcostfourtimesasmuchthepriceofyourtelevisionlicensewouldneedtobedoubled.andtravelbybusortubewouldcost20percentmore.Andperhapsmostimportantofalladvertisingprovidesaguaranteeofreasonablevalueintheproductsandservicesyoubuy.Apartfromthefactthattwenty-sevenactsofParliamentgovernthetermsofadvertisingnoregularadvertiserdarepromoteaproductthatfailstoliveuptothepromiseofhisadvertisements.Hemightfoolsomepeopleforalittlewhilethroughmisleadingadvertising.Hewillnotdosoforlongformercifullythepublichasthegoodsensenottobuytheinferiorarticlemorethanonce.IfyouseeanarticleconsistentlyadvertiseditisthesurestproofIknowthatthearticledoeswhatisclaimedforitandthatitrepresentsgoodvalue.AdvertisingdoesmoreforthematerialbenefitofthecommunitythananyotherforceIcanthinkof.ThereisonemorepointIfeelIoughttotouchon.RecentlyIheardawell-knowntelevisionpersonalitydeclarethathewasagainstadvertisingbecauseitpersuadesratherthaninforms.Hewasdrawingexcessivelyfinedistinctions.Ofcourseadvertisingseekstopersuade.Ifitsmessagewereconfinedmerelytoinformation-andthatinitselfwouldbedifficultifnotimpossibletoachieveforevenadetailsuchasthechoiceofthecolorofashirtissubtlypersuasive-advertisingwouldbesoboringthatnoonewouldpayanyattention.Butperhapsthatiswhatthewell-knowntelevisionpersonalitywants.Bythefirstsentenceofthepassagetheauthormeansthat______.
TheShanghaiTechnicalSupervisionBureaurecentlyreleasedtheresultsofasamplesurveyof486Modelcomputersbeingsoldinthecity’smarkets.Thesurveyrevealedthatnineof14typesor64percentofimportedbrand-namecomputersfulfilledthestandards.Alargenumberofthelow-qualityforeigncomputerswhichweremarketedasworld-famousbrandswereactuallycounterfeitedshoddyproductslackingthenecessaryinformationsuchasregisteredtrademarksfactoryoforiginqualitycertificationsandsafetyindices.InadditionasurveyofShanghaifootwearmarketsconductedbytheBureauon30-oddoccasionssinceearlythisyearindicatedvariousbrandsofforeignshoesincludingNikeandPumawerelow-qualitycounterfeitedgoods.Theallegedlyworld-famousbrandspricedbetween300-500Yuanperpairwereactuallyworthonly40-60Yuan.AnofficialfromtheChinaConsumerAssociationpointedtothefollowingcomplaintsconcerningforeigngoods:Qualityproblemsrelatedtoindividualcommoditieshavedevelopedintoauniversalproblemdirectlyrelatetobatchshipmentsofcommodities.Itisthusquiteobviousthatthecrackdownoncounterfeitshoddyforeigngoodsisataskrequiringtheutmostimmediacy.TheappearanceofshoddycounterfeitforeigngoodshasadverselyaffectedthenormaloperationsofChina’srealforeign-goodsmarketshasgreatlyharmedtheinterestsofconsumersandresultedinsubstantiallossesinstatetaxrevenue.Officialshavepointedoutthatthekeytocrackingdownoncounterfeitforeigngoodsistoattackillegalactsrelatedtosellingsham虚假的foreigngoodsatthepricesapplicableforauthenticproducts.Officialsrecommendthatcommodityinspectiontechnicalsupervisionandindustrialandcommercialdepartmentsshouldstrengthenlawenforcementeffortsincreasethefrequencyofinspectionsandeliminatethesourcesofshamforeigngoods.Enterprisesproducingandmarketingshamforeigngoodsshouldbesubjecttoseverepunishmentwithallcasesreferredtothejudicialdepartmentsforadjudicationandpublicsupervisionshouldbeintensified.Consumersontheotherhandshouldmakeeveryefforttoconstantlyenhancetheirabilitytodiscerncounterfeitforeigngoodsandshouldrefrainfromblindlypurchasingsuchproductssimplybecauseoftheirlowprice.Itissuggestedinthepassagethatconsumers______.
Toreduceconfusionandinefficiencyofficesuppliesshouldnowbeorderedthroughthenewonlinesystem.
Ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicapbutifproperlyhandleditmaybecomeadrivingforce.WhentheUnitedStatesenteredjustsuchaglowingperiodaftertheendoftheSecondWorldWarithadamarketeighttimeslargerthananycompetitorgivingitsindustrialunparalleledeconomiesofscale.Itsscientistsweretheworld’sbestitsworkersthemostskilled.AmericaandAmericanswereprosperousbeyondthedreamsoftheEuropeansandAsianswhoseeconomiesthewarhaddestroyed.Itwasinevitablethatthisprimacyshouldhavenarrowedasothercountriesgrewricher.Justasinevitablytheretreatfrompredominanceprovedpainful.Bythemid-1980sAmericanshadfoundthemselvesatalossovertheirfadingindustrialcompetitiveness.SomehugeAmericanindustriessuchasconsumerelectronicshadshrunkorvanishedinthefaceofforeigncompetition.By1987therewasonlyoneAmericantelevisionmakerleftZenith.Nowthereisnone:ZenithwasboughtbySouthKorea’sLGelectronicsinJuly.Foreign-madecarsandtextilesweresweepingintothedomesticmarket.America’smachine-toolindustrywasontheropes.ForawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductorswhichAmericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputeragewasgoingtobethenextcasualty.Allofthiscausedacrisisofconfidence.Americansstoppedtakingprosperityforgranted.Theybegantobelievethattheirwayofdoingbusinesswasfailingandthattheirincomeswouldthereforeshortlybegintofallaswell.Themid-1980sbroughtoneinquiryafteranotherintothecauseofAmerica’sindustrialdecline.Theirsometimessensationalfindingswerefilledwithwarningsaboutthegrowingcompetitionfromoverseas.Howthingshavechanged!In1995theUnitedStatescanlookbackonfiveyearsofsolidgrowthwhileJapanhasbeenstruggling.FewAmericansattributethissolelytosuchobviouscausesasdevalueddollarortheturningofthebusinesscycle.Self-doubthasyieldtoblindpride.Americanindustryhaschangeditsstructurehasgoneonadiethaslearnedtobemorequick-witted.accordingtoRichardCavanaghexecutivedeanofHarvard’sKennedySchoolofGovernment.ItmakesmeproudtobeanAmericanjusttoseehowourbusinessareimprovingtheirproductivity.saysStephenMooreoftheCatoInstituteathink-tankinWashingtonDC.AndWilliamSahlmanoftheHarvardBusinessSchoolbelievesthatpeoplewilllookbackonthisperiodasagoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheUnitedStates./TheU.S.achieveditspredominanceafterWorldWarⅡbecause______.
Ms.Hartfieldwillmakeanexcellentexecutivebecausewhenconfrontedwithaproblemsheknowswhatcourseofactiontotake.
Itwilltakeatleasttwoweeksfortheboardmemberstoreviewworkonthebudgetproposals.
Thisnoticeconcernsallemployeeswhousetheconferencerooms.Startingimmediatelyyouwillneedtoofficiallyreserveanyconferenceroomyouwishtouse.Anyreservationsoflongerthanthreeconsecutivehourswillrequirethewrittenapprovalofyourdepartmentmanager. Reservationformsareavailableintheemployeelounge.Youmustsubmiteachformtoyourdepartmentsecretaryatleastthreebusinessdaysinadvance.Ifyouneedtocancelameetingpleasebesuretoinformthesecretarysothatyourreservationmaybecanceledaswell.Anyemployeesusingtheconferenceroomswithoutproperauthorizationwillbeaskedtoleave. Thankyouinadvanceforyourcooperationinthismatter. JosephMohammad AssistantDirectorofOperations From:HollyGraham＜graham1917@nkkcompany.com＞ To:JosephMohammad＜mohahello@nkkcompany.com＞ Subject:Aboutthereservationofconferenceroom DearJoseph I’mwritinginresponsetoyournoticeonreservingconferencerooms.AsacompanysalesmanagerIhavetosaythatmysalespeoplearenottoohappywiththissuddenchangeinprocedure. Pleasekeepinmindthattheyareoftenawayonbusinesstripsorworkingonotherassignmentsthatkeepthemoutoftheofficeforlongperiodsoftime.Theysimplydon’thavethetimetocheckthescheduleandmakereservationlikeon-siteemployees.Ifoneofourclientsshowsupunexpectedlyitwillbeembarrassingforeveryoneifwedon’thaveaconferenceroomavailable.I’dlikeyoutoconsidermakinganamendmenttotheruleallowingoursalesforcetoreserveconferenceroomsatshortnotice.Thanks. HollyGraham Whowastheemailwrittenby
Whileitisgenerallyagreedthatthepoweroflargecompaniesextendsbeyondtheeconomicspherethisinfluenceisdifficulttomeasureinanyobjectiveway.Theprocessesofbusinessentailatleastsomeefforttoensurethesympatheticenactmentandenforcementoflegislationsincecostsandearningsareaffectedbytaxratesandgovernmentregulations.Companiesandbusinessgroupssendagentstolocalandnationalcapitalsandusesuchvehiclesasadvertisingtoenlistsupportforpoliciesthattheyfavor.Althoughinmanycountriescompaniesmaynotlegallycontributedirectlytocandidatesrunningforpublicofficetheirexecutivesandstockholdersmaydosoasindividuals.Companiesmayhowevermakepaymentstoinfluencepeddlersandcontributetocommitteesworkingtopassordefeatlegislativeproposals.Inpracticaltermsmanylawmakerslookuponcompaniesaspartoftheirconstituencyalthoughiftheirdistrictsdependonlocalplantstheselawmakersmaybeconcernedmorewithpreservingjobsthanwithprotectingcompanyprofits.Inanycaselimited-liabilitycompaniesarecentralinstitutionsinsociety;itwouldbeunrealistictoexpectthemtoremainalooffromthepoliticalprocessthataffectstheiroperationsperformanceandprinciples.Thedecisionsmadebycompanymanagementshaveramificationsthroughoutsociety.Ineffectcompaniescandecidewhichpartsofthecountryorevenwhichpartsoftheworldwillprosperandwhichwilldeclinebychoosingwheretolocatetheirplantsandotherinstallations.Thegiantcompaniesnotonlydecidewhattoproducebutalsohelptoinstillintheircustomersadesirefortheamenitiesthatthecompaniesmakeavailable.Totheextentthatlargefirmsprovideemploymenttheirpersonnelrequirementsdeterminethecurriculaofschoolsanduniversities.Forthesereasonsindividuals’aspirationsanddissatisfactionsarelikelytobeinfluencedbylargecompanies.Thisdoesnotmeanthatlargebusinessfirmscaninfluencethepublicinanywaytheychoose;itissimplythattheyaretheonlyinstitutionsavailabletoperformcertainfunctions.Automobilestypewritersfrozenfoodandelectrictoastersmustcomefromcompanyauspicesiftheyaretobeprovidedatall.Understandingthisdependenceasagivencompaniestendtocreateanenvironmentcongenialtotheconductoftheirbusiness.Thebesttitleforthispassageshouldbe______.
Teammembersmustunderstandthattheprojecttheyhavewilldemandalloftheirtimeandenergy.
Thoughtheyarenotpossessthebesttechnologyneverunderestimatetheofadeterminedmanagerworkingwithmotivatedstaffmembers.
MoneyspentonadvertisingismoneyspentaswellasanyIknowof.Itservesdirectlytoassistarapiddistributionofgoodsatreasonablepricetherebyestablishingafirmhomemarketandsomakingitpossibletoprovideforexportatcompetitiveprices.Bydrawingattentiontonewideasithelpsenormouslytoraisestandardsofliving.Byhelpingtoincreasedemanditensuresanincreasedneedforlaborandisthereforeaneffectivewaytofightunemployment.Itlowersthecostsofmanyservices:withoutadvertisementsyourdailynewspaperwouldcostfourtimesasmuchthepriceofyourtelevisionlicensewouldneedtobedoubled.andtravelbybusortubewouldcost20percentmore.Andperhapsmostimportantofalladvertisingprovidesaguaranteeofreasonablevalueintheproductsandservicesyoubuy.Apartfromthefactthattwenty-sevenactsofParliamentgovernthetermsofadvertisingnoregularadvertiserdarepromoteaproductthatfailstoliveuptothepromiseofhisadvertisements.Hemightfoolsomepeopleforalittlewhilethroughmisleadingadvertising.Hewillnotdosoforlongformercifullythepublichasthegoodsensenottobuytheinferiorarticlemorethanonce.IfyouseeanarticleconsistentlyadvertiseditisthesurestproofIknowthatthearticledoeswhatisclaimedforitandthatitrepresentsgoodvalue.AdvertisingdoesmoreforthematerialbenefitofthecommunitythananyotherforceIcanthinkof.ThereisonemorepointIfeelIoughttotouchon.RecentlyIheardawell-knowntelevisionpersonalitydeclarethathewasagainstadvertisingbecauseitpersuadesratherthaninforms.Hewasdrawingexcessivelyfinedistinctions.Ofcourseadvertisingseekstopersuade.Ifitsmessagewereconfinedmerelytoinformation-andthatinitselfwouldbedifficultifnotimpossibletoachieveforevenadetailsuchasthechoiceofthecolorofashirtissubtlypersuasive-advertisingwouldbesoboringthatnoonewouldpayanyattention.Butperhapsthatiswhatthewell-knowntelevisionpersonalitywants.Theauthordeemsthatthewell-knownTVpersonalityis______.
From:ChadBeckertheDirectorofPersonnel To:Employees Ourfinancialadvisorshavefinallyreacheda24onaplandesignedtobalancethecompany’sfinances.Theplanwillrequireustomakesomesacrificesbutthegoodnewsisthatwewillnothavetogiveupanyofourmedicalorretirementbenefits. Beginningnextyearthevacationallowanceforregularfull-timeemployeeswillbereducedfrom12workingdaysto10workingdays.Whilethismeanslesstimeoffwestillhavetwofullweeksofleaveeachyearwhichis25withthenationalaverage. Policiesconcerningovertimehavealsochanged.Unfortunatelysalariedemployeeswillnolongerbeeligibletoreceiveovertimebonusesforputtinginextrahours.Inadditiontheovertimepayrateforpart-timeworkerswillbe26by5.5%andthisratewillonlybeappliedwhenonefullhourormoreofovertimeisworked. Irealizethesechangesareupsettingbuttheyarenecessaryforthecompanytocontinueoperatingataprofit.Ifyouhaveanyquestionspleasestopbymyoffice. Thankyou 25
From:MitchellGlass＜mglass@popmail.net＞ To:LoisWest＜lois-west@wec.com＞ Subject:Manythanks DearMs.West IwouldliketothankyoufortakingthetimetomeetwithmelastFridaytodiscussthecurrentjobopeningintheengineeringdepartmentatWilfordElectronicComponentsWEC. AsImentionedIamparticularlyinterestedinthepositioninofassistantelectricalengineerasitoffersa21workenvironmentandopportunitiesforadvancement. Ifeelthatmy22educationalbackgroundandmyrecentexperienceasasystemsengineerwithAltechInc.closelymatchtherequirementforthejob. WECisaveryimpressiveorganizationandIwouldgreatlyappreciatethechancetocontributemyownuniqueskillsandperspectivetoitsmissionofprovidingelectronicsmanufacturerswithcomponentsofthe23quality. Thankyouagainforyourconsideration.Ilookforwardtotalkingwithyouagainsoon. Sincerely MitchellGlass 23
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