首页
试卷库
试题库
当前位置：
X题卡
>
所有题目
>
题目详情
Food The U. S. food supply is the most varied and abundant in the world. Americans spend a ...
查看本题答案
包含此试题的试卷
卫生类《相同项单选集》真题及答案
点击查看
你可能感兴趣的试题
—WhichdoyoupreferChinesefoodorWesternfood?—Iwouldr
to have
having
had
have
AlargenumberofpeopleintheworldeatfastfooD.Whenever
根据短文内容用方框中所给的单词填空使短文完整正确每个词只能用一次Healthysizesayciti
---Foodsafetyhasbecomeasocialfocusnow.---That’swhy
record
prevent
divide
separate
Fastfoodisbecomingmoreand41_____popularinChinaespe
China’sNewFoodActprovidesforafoodrecallsystemtopro
that; if
where; if
which; when
when; where
ObserverssayAmericanswantmorechoicesandfreshfoodwh
WastingfoodhasbecomeabigprobleminthedevelopedworlD
Alargenumberofpeopleintheworldeatfastfood.Whenever
WhatisAmericanfood?TomanypeopleAmericanfoodmeansha
--__________Tom’sfavouritefood?--Hisfavouritefoodi
What’s; fish
How’s; fish
What's; fishes
Where’s; fishes
FoodisahotissueinChinA.Eating41considertobeanimpor
阅读表达阅读短文根据要求完成下面各小题Wheredoesyourfoodcomefrom?Howis
China’sNewFoodActprovidesforafoodrecallsystemtopro
that; if
where; if
which; when
when; where
补全对话从方框中选出最佳选项完成对话有两项多余A.What’syourfavouritedrink?
Alargenumberofpeopleintheworldeatfastfood.Whenever
--?--Delicious.Ienjoyeditverymuch.
What's your favorite food
How do you like the food
Would you like some more food
Do you like the food
FastfoodisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinChinaespecia
Duetothelackoffoodquiteafewpeopleinthatmountainvil
Nowadaysthefoodthatyoubuycomesfrommanydifferentcou
热门试题
更多
ScientistsDevelopWaysofDetectingHeartAttack Germanresearchershave1anewgenerationofdefibrillatorsandearlywarningsoftwareaimedatofferingheartpatientsgreaterprotection2suddendeathfromcardiacarrest. InGermanyalonearound100000peopledieannuallyasaresultofcardiacarrestandmanyofthesecases3bydisruptiontotheheart’srhythm.ThosemostatriskarePatientswhohave4sufferedaheartattackandforyearstheuseofdefibrillatorshasprovedusefulindiagnosing5disruptionstoheartrhythmsandcorrectingthemautomaticallybyinterveningwithinseconds.Thesedevices6arangeoffunctionssuchasthatofpacemaker. HeartspecialistsatFreiburg’sUniversityClinichavenowachievedabreakthroughwithallimplanteddefibrillator7ofgeneratingasix-channelelectrocardiogramECGwithinthebody.Thisintegratedsystemallowsearlydiagnosisof8blood-flowproblemsandapendingheartattack.Itwillbeimplantedinpatientsforthefirsttimethisyear.MeanwhileresearchersattheFraunhoferInstituteforAppliedMathematicsinKaiserslauternhavedevelopednewcomputersoftwarethatrenderstheevaluationofECGdata9. Theoverwhelming10ofpatientsatriskwillnothaveanimplanteddefibrillatorandmustforthisreasonundergoregularECGs."Manyofthecurrentprogramsonly11intoaccountalinearcorrelationofthedata.Wearehowevermakinguse12anon-linearprocessthatrevealsthechaoticpatternsofheartbeatsasanopenandcomplexsystem."HagenKnafsays."13changesintheheartbeatsovertimecanbemonitoredandindividualvariationsinpatientstakenintoaccount."AnoldstudyofECGdatabased14600Patientswhohadsufferedasubsequentheartattackenabledtheresearcherstocomparerisksandtoshow15thenewsoftwareevaluatesthedataconsiderablybetter. 11
ReadingforPleasure ThefirstthingIwanttoinsistonisthatreadingshouldbeenjoyable.Ofcoursetherearemanybooksthatweallhavetoreadeithertopassexaminationsortoacquireinformationfromwhichitisimpossibletoextractenjoyment.Wearereadingthemforinstructionandthebestwecanhopeisthatourneedforitwillenableustogetthroughthemwithouttedium.Suchbookswereadunwillinglyratherthanwillingly.ButthatisnotthesortofreadingIhaveinmind.ThebooksIshallmentioninduecoursewillhelpyouneithertogetadegreenortoearnyourlivingtheywillnotteachyoutosailaboatorrunastoppedmotorbuttheywillhelpyoutolivemorefully.Howevertheycannotdounlessyouenjoyreadingthem. Everymanishisownbestcritic.Whateverthelearnedsayaboutabookhoweverunanimoustheyareintheirpraiseofitunlessitinterestsyouitisnobusinessofyours.Don’tforgetthatcriticsoftenmakemistakes;thehistoryofcriticismisfulloftheseriousmistakessomeofthemhavemadeandyouarethefinaljudgeofthevaluetoyouofthebookyouarereading.ThisofcourseappliestothebooksIamgoingtorecommendtoyourattention. Wearenoneofusexactlylikeeveryoneelseonlyratherlikeanditwouldbeunreasonabletosupposethatthebooksthathavemeantagreatdealtomeshouldbepreciselythosethatwillmeanagreatdealtoyou.IfanyofyouwhoarenotinterestedinthebooksIintroducetoyoujustputthemdown;theywillbeofnoservicetoyouifyoudonotenjoythem.Nooneisunderanobligationtoreadpoetryfictionorliterature.Hemustreadthemforpleasureandwhocanclaimthatwhatpleasesonemanmustnecessarilypleaseanother ThefirstthingIwanttoinsistonisthatreadingshouldbepleasant.
ScientistsDevelopWaysofDetectingHeartAttack Germanresearchershave1anewgenerationofdefibrillatorsandearlywarningsoftwareaimedatofferingheartpatientsgreaterprotection2suddendeathfromcardiacarrest. InGermanyalonearound100000peopledieannuallyasaresultofcardiacarrestandmanyofthesecases3bydisruptiontotheheart’srhythm.ThosemostatriskarePatientswhohave4sufferedaheartattackandforyearstheuseofdefibrillatorshasprovedusefulindiagnosing5disruptionstoheartrhythmsandcorrectingthemautomaticallybyinterveningwithinseconds.Thesedevices6arangeoffunctionssuchasthatofpacemaker. HeartspecialistsatFreiburg’sUniversityClinichavenowachievedabreakthroughwithallimplanteddefibrillator7ofgeneratingasix-channelelectrocardiogramECGwithinthebody.Thisintegratedsystemallowsearlydiagnosisof8blood-flowproblemsandapendingheartattack.Itwillbeimplantedinpatientsforthefirsttimethisyear.MeanwhileresearchersattheFraunhoferInstituteforAppliedMathematicsinKaiserslauternhavedevelopednewcomputersoftwarethatrenderstheevaluationofECGdata9. Theoverwhelming10ofpatientsatriskwillnothaveanimplanteddefibrillatorandmustforthisreasonundergoregularECGs."Manyofthecurrentprogramsonly11intoaccountalinearcorrelationofthedata.Wearehowevermakinguse12anon-linearprocessthatrevealsthechaoticpatternsofheartbeatsasanopenandcomplexsystem."HagenKnafsays."13changesintheheartbeatsovertimecanbemonitoredandindividualvariationsinpatientstakenintoaccount."AnoldstudyofECGdatabased14600Patientswhohadsufferedasubsequentheartattackenabledtheresearcherstocomparerisksandtoshow15thenewsoftwareevaluatesthedataconsiderablybetter. 9
ScientistsDevelopWaysofDetectingHeartAttack Germanresearchershave1anewgenerationofdefibrillatorsandearlywarningsoftwareaimedatofferingheartpatientsgreaterprotection2suddendeathfromcardiacarrest. InGermanyalonearound100000peopledieannuallyasaresultofcardiacarrestandmanyofthesecases3bydisruptiontotheheart’srhythm.ThosemostatriskarePatientswhohave4sufferedaheartattackandforyearstheuseofdefibrillatorshasprovedusefulindiagnosing5disruptionstoheartrhythmsandcorrectingthemautomaticallybyinterveningwithinseconds.Thesedevices6arangeoffunctionssuchasthatofpacemaker. HeartspecialistsatFreiburg’sUniversityClinichavenowachievedabreakthroughwithallimplanteddefibrillator7ofgeneratingasix-channelelectrocardiogramECGwithinthebody.Thisintegratedsystemallowsearlydiagnosisof8blood-flowproblemsandapendingheartattack.Itwillbeimplantedinpatientsforthefirsttimethisyear.MeanwhileresearchersattheFraunhoferInstituteforAppliedMathematicsinKaiserslauternhavedevelopednewcomputersoftwarethatrenderstheevaluationofECGdata9. Theoverwhelming10ofpatientsatriskwillnothaveanimplanteddefibrillatorandmustforthisreasonundergoregularECGs."Manyofthecurrentprogramsonly11intoaccountalinearcorrelationofthedata.Wearehowevermakinguse12anon-linearprocessthatrevealsthechaoticpatternsofheartbeatsasanopenandcomplexsystem."HagenKnafsays."13changesintheheartbeatsovertimecanbemonitoredandindividualvariationsinpatientstakenintoaccount."AnoldstudyofECGdatabased14600Patientswhohadsufferedasubsequentheartattackenabledtheresearcherstocomparerisksandtoshow15thenewsoftwareevaluatesthedataconsiderablybetter. 15
WhatdoyoumeanbythatPaulaskedsharply
Late-nightDrinking Coffeeloversbeware.Havingaquick"pick-me-up"cupofcoffee1lateinthedaywillplayhavocwithyoursleep.Aswellasbeingastimulantcaffeineinterruptstheflowofmelatoninthebrainhormonethatsendspeopleintoasleep. Melatoninlevelsnormallystarttoriseabouttwohoursbeforebedtime.Levelsthenpeakbetween2a.m.and4a.m.beforefallingagain."It’stheneurohormonethatcontrolsoursleepandtellsourbodywhentosleepandwhentowake"saysMauriceOhayonoftheStanfordSleepEpidemiologyResearchCenteratStanfordUniversityinCalifornia.ButresearchersinIsraelhavefoundthatcaffeinatedcoffeehalvesthebody’slevelsofthissleephormone. LotanShiloandateamattheSapirMedicalCenterinTelAvivUniversityfoundthatsixvolunteerssleptlesswellafteracupofcaffeinatedcoffeethanafterdrinkingthesameamountofdecal.Onaveragesubjectsslept336minutespernightafterdrinkingcaffeinatedcoffeecomparedwith415minutesafterdecal.Theyalsotookhalfanhourtodropoff-twiceaslongasusual-andjiggedaroundinbedtwiceasmuch. Inthesecondphaseoftheexperimenttheresearcherswolfethevolunteerseverythreehoursandaskedthemtogiveaurinesample.Shilomeasuredconcentrationsofabreakdownproductofmelatonin.Theresultssuggestthatmelatoninconcentrationsincaffeinedrinkerswerehalfthoseindecaldrinkers.InapaperacceptedforpublicationinSleepMedicinctheresearcherssuggestthatcaffeineblocksproductionoftheenzymethatdrivesmelatoninproduction. BecauseitcantakemanyhourstoeliminatecaffeinefromthebodyOhayonrecommendsthatcoffeeloversswitchtodecalafterlunch. Whatdoestheexperimentmentionedinparagraph4prove
Beijingisapleasantplacewithconvenienttransportationandcommunicationsystem.
Theemphasisontheimportanceofeducationhasspurredscientificresearch.
ScientistsDevelopWaysofDetectingHeartAttack Germanresearchershave1anewgenerationofdefibrillatorsandearlywarningsoftwareaimedatofferingheartpatientsgreaterprotection2suddendeathfromcardiacarrest. InGermanyalonearound100000peopledieannuallyasaresultofcardiacarrestandmanyofthesecases3bydisruptiontotheheart’srhythm.ThosemostatriskarePatientswhohave4sufferedaheartattackandforyearstheuseofdefibrillatorshasprovedusefulindiagnosing5disruptionstoheartrhythmsandcorrectingthemautomaticallybyinterveningwithinseconds.Thesedevices6arangeoffunctionssuchasthatofpacemaker. HeartspecialistsatFreiburg’sUniversityClinichavenowachievedabreakthroughwithallimplanteddefibrillator7ofgeneratingasix-channelelectrocardiogramECGwithinthebody.Thisintegratedsystemallowsearlydiagnosisof8blood-flowproblemsandapendingheartattack.Itwillbeimplantedinpatientsforthefirsttimethisyear.MeanwhileresearchersattheFraunhoferInstituteforAppliedMathematicsinKaiserslauternhavedevelopednewcomputersoftwarethatrenderstheevaluationofECGdata9. Theoverwhelming10ofpatientsatriskwillnothaveanimplanteddefibrillatorandmustforthisreasonundergoregularECGs."Manyofthecurrentprogramsonly11intoaccountalinearcorrelationofthedata.Wearehowevermakinguse12anon-linearprocessthatrevealsthechaoticpatternsofheartbeatsasanopenandcomplexsystem."HagenKnafsays."13changesintheheartbeatsovertimecanbemonitoredandindividualvariationsinpatientstakenintoaccount."AnoldstudyofECGdatabased14600Patientswhohadsufferedasubsequentheartattackenabledtheresearcherstocomparerisksandtoshow15thenewsoftwareevaluatesthedataconsiderablybetter. 5
{{*HTML*}}UnderstandingAutism1.Autism孤独症isalife-longdevelopmentaldisabilitythatpreventsindividualsfromproperlyunderstandingwhattheyseehearandotherwisesense.Thisresultsinsevereproblemsofsocialrelationshipscommunicationandbehavior.Individualswithautismhavetopainstakingly费力的learnnormalpatternsofspeechandcommunicationandappropriatewaystorelatetopeopleobjectsandeventsinasimilarmannertothosewhohavehadastroke.2.Thecauseofautismisstillunknown.Someresearchsuggestsaphysicalproblemaffectingthosepartsofthebrainthatprocesslanguageandinformationcominginfromthesenses.Theremaybesomeimbalanceofcertainchemicalsinthebrain.Genetic遗传的factorsmaysometimesbeinvolved.Autismmayindeedresultfromacombinationofseveralcauses.3.Mostpeoplewithmentalretardation智力迟钝showrelativelyevenskilldevelopment.Individualswithautismhowevertypicallyshowunevenskilldevelopmentwithdeficits欠缺incertainareas—mostfrequentlyintheirabilitytocommunicateandrelatetoothers—anddistinctskillsinotherareas.Itisimportanttodistinguishautismfrommentalretardationorotherdisorderssincediagnostic诊断的confusionmayleadtoinappropriateandineffectivetreatmenttechniques.4.Ingeneralindividualswithautismperformbestatjobswhicharestructuredandinvolveadegreeofrepetition.Somepeoplewhohaveautismareworkingasartistspianotunerspaintersfarmworkersofficeworkerscomputeroperatorsdishwashersassemblylineworkersoremployeesofshelteredworkshopsorothershelteredworksettings.Atypicalfeatureofpeoplewithautismistheiruneven
{{*HTML*}}UnderstandingAutism1.Autism孤独症isalife-longdevelopmentaldisabilitythatpreventsindividualsfromproperlyunderstandingwhattheyseehearandotherwisesense.Thisresultsinsevereproblemsofsocialrelationshipscommunicationandbehavior.Individualswithautismhavetopainstakingly费力的learnnormalpatternsofspeechandcommunicationandappropriatewaystorelatetopeopleobjectsandeventsinasimilarmannertothosewhohavehadastroke.2.Thecauseofautismisstillunknown.Someresearchsuggestsaphysicalproblemaffectingthosepartsofthebrainthatprocesslanguageandinformationcominginfromthesenses.Theremaybesomeimbalanceofcertainchemicalsinthebrain.Genetic遗传的factorsmaysometimesbeinvolved.Autismmayindeedresultfromacombinationofseveralcauses.3.Mostpeoplewithmentalretardation智力迟钝showrelativelyevenskilldevelopment.Individualswithautismhowevertypicallyshowunevenskilldevelopmentwithdeficits欠缺incertainareas—mostfrequentlyintheirabilitytocommunicateandrelatetoothers—anddistinctskillsinotherareas.Itisimportanttodistinguishautismfrommentalretardationorotherdisorderssincediagnostic诊断的confusionmayleadtoinappropriateandineffectivetreatmenttechniques.4.Ingeneralindividualswithautismperformbestatjobswhicharestructuredandinvolveadegreeofrepetition.Somepeoplewhohaveautismareworkingasartistspianotunerspaintersfarmworkersofficeworkerscomputeroperatorsdishwashersassemblylineworkersoremployeesofshelteredworkshopsorothershelteredworksettings.Paragraph4
AmericanMarriageandFamily Moresurprisingperhapsthanthecurrentdifficultiesoftraditionalmarriageisthefactthatmarriageitselfisaliveandthriving.AsSkolnicknotesAmericansareamarryingpeople:relativetoEuropeansmoreofusmarryandwemarryatayoungerage.Moreoverafteradeclineintheearly1970stherateofmarriageintheUnitedStatesisnowincreasing.Eventhedivorcerateneedtobetakeninthispromarriagecontext:some80percentofdivorcedindividualsremarry.Thusmarriageremainsbyfarthepreferredwayoflifeforthevastmajorityofpeopleinoursociety. Whathaschangedmorethanmarriageisthenuclearfamily.Twenty-fiveyearsagothetypicalAmericanfamilyconsistedofahusbandawifeandtwoorthreechildren.Nowtherearemanymarriagesinwhichcoupleshavedecidednottohaveanychildren.Andtherearemanymarriageswhereatleastsomeofthechildrenarefromthewife’spreviousmarriagesofthehusband’sorboth.Sometimesthesechildrenspendalloftheirtimewithoneparentfromtheformermarriage;sometimestheyaresharedbetweenthetwoformerspouses配偶. Thusonecanfindeverytypeoffamilyarrangement.Therearemarriageswithoutchildren;marriageswithchildrenfromonlythepresentmarriage;marriageswith"full-time"childrenfromboththepresentandformermarriages;marriageswith"full-time"childrenfromthepresentmarriageand"part-time"childrenfromformermarriages.Therearestepfathersstepmothershalf-brothersandhalf-sisters.Itisnotallthatunusualforachildtohavefourparentsandgrandparents!Theseareenormouschangesfromthetraditionalnuclearfamily.Butevensoeveninthemidstofallthisthereremainsoneconstant:mostAmericansspendmostoftheiradultlifemarried. BycallingAmericansmarryingpeopletheauthormeansthat.
{{*HTML*}}UnderstandingAutism1.Autism孤独症isalife-longdevelopmentaldisabilitythatpreventsindividualsfromproperlyunderstandingwhattheyseehearandotherwisesense.Thisresultsinsevereproblemsofsocialrelationshipscommunicationandbehavior.Individualswithautismhavetopainstakingly费力的learnnormalpatternsofspeechandcommunicationandappropriatewaystorelatetopeopleobjectsandeventsinasimilarmannertothosewhohavehadastroke.2.Thecauseofautismisstillunknown.Someresearchsuggestsaphysicalproblemaffectingthosepartsofthebrainthatprocesslanguageandinformationcominginfromthesenses.Theremaybesomeimbalanceofcertainchemicalsinthebrain.Genetic遗传的factorsmaysometimesbeinvolved.Autismmayindeedresultfromacombinationofseveralcauses.3.Mostpeoplewithmentalretardation智力迟钝showrelativelyevenskilldevelopment.Individualswithautismhowevertypicallyshowunevenskilldevelopmentwithdeficits欠缺incertainareas—mostfrequentlyintheirabilitytocommunicateandrelatetoothers—anddistinctskillsinotherareas.Itisimportanttodistinguishautismfrommentalretardationorotherdisorderssincediagnostic诊断的confusionmayleadtoinappropriateandineffectivetreatmenttechniques.4.Ingeneralindividualswithautismperformbestatjobswhicharestructuredandinvolveadegreeofrepetition.Somepeoplewhohaveautismareworkingasartistspianotunerspaintersfarmworkersofficeworkerscomputeroperatorsdishwashersassemblylineworkersoremployeesofshelteredworkshopsorothershelteredworksettings.Paragraph2
AmericanMarriageandFamily Moresurprisingperhapsthanthecurrentdifficultiesoftraditionalmarriageisthefactthatmarriageitselfisaliveandthriving.AsSkolnicknotesAmericansareamarryingpeople:relativetoEuropeansmoreofusmarryandwemarryatayoungerage.Moreoverafteradeclineintheearly1970stherateofmarriageintheUnitedStatesisnowincreasing.Eventhedivorcerateneedtobetakeninthispromarriagecontext:some80percentofdivorcedindividualsremarry.Thusmarriageremainsbyfarthepreferredwayoflifeforthevastmajorityofpeopleinoursociety. Whathaschangedmorethanmarriageisthenuclearfamily.Twenty-fiveyearsagothetypicalAmericanfamilyconsistedofahusbandawifeandtwoorthreechildren.Nowtherearemanymarriagesinwhichcoupleshavedecidednottohaveanychildren.Andtherearemanymarriageswhereatleastsomeofthechildrenarefromthewife’spreviousmarriagesofthehusband’sorboth.Sometimesthesechildrenspendalloftheirtimewithoneparentfromtheformermarriage;sometimestheyaresharedbetweenthetwoformerspouses配偶. Thusonecanfindeverytypeoffamilyarrangement.Therearemarriageswithoutchildren;marriageswithchildrenfromonlythepresentmarriage;marriageswith"full-time"childrenfromboththepresentandformermarriages;marriageswith"full-time"childrenfromthepresentmarriageand"part-time"childrenfromformermarriages.Therearestepfathersstepmothershalf-brothersandhalf-sisters.Itisnotallthatunusualforachildtohavefourparentsandgrandparents!Theseareenormouschangesfromthetraditionalnuclearfamily.Butevensoeveninthemidstofallthisthereremainsoneconstant:mostAmericansspendmostoftheiradultlifemarried. Whichofthefollowingcanbepresentedasthepictureoftoday’sAmericanfamilies
ScientistsDevelopWaysofDetectingHeartAttack Germanresearchershave1anewgenerationofdefibrillatorsandearlywarningsoftwareaimedatofferingheartpatientsgreaterprotection2suddendeathfromcardiacarrest. InGermanyalonearound100000peopledieannuallyasaresultofcardiacarrestandmanyofthesecases3bydisruptiontotheheart’srhythm.ThosemostatriskarePatientswhohave4sufferedaheartattackandforyearstheuseofdefibrillatorshasprovedusefulindiagnosing5disruptionstoheartrhythmsandcorrectingthemautomaticallybyinterveningwithinseconds.Thesedevices6arangeoffunctionssuchasthatofpacemaker. HeartspecialistsatFreiburg’sUniversityClinichavenowachievedabreakthroughwithallimplanteddefibrillator7ofgeneratingasix-channelelectrocardiogramECGwithinthebody.Thisintegratedsystemallowsearlydiagnosisof8blood-flowproblemsandapendingheartattack.Itwillbeimplantedinpatientsforthefirsttimethisyear.MeanwhileresearchersattheFraunhoferInstituteforAppliedMathematicsinKaiserslauternhavedevelopednewcomputersoftwarethatrenderstheevaluationofECGdata9. Theoverwhelming10ofpatientsatriskwillnothaveanimplanteddefibrillatorandmustforthisreasonundergoregularECGs."Manyofthecurrentprogramsonly11intoaccountalinearcorrelationofthedata.Wearehowevermakinguse12anon-linearprocessthatrevealsthechaoticpatternsofheartbeatsasanopenandcomplexsystem."HagenKnafsays."13changesintheheartbeatsovertimecanbemonitoredandindividualvariationsinpatientstakenintoaccount."AnoldstudyofECGdatabased14600Patientswhohadsufferedasubsequentheartattackenabledtheresearcherstocomparerisksandtoshow15thenewsoftwareevaluatesthedataconsiderablybetter. 13
ReadingforPleasure ThefirstthingIwanttoinsistonisthatreadingshouldbeenjoyable.Ofcoursetherearemanybooksthatweallhavetoreadeithertopassexaminationsortoacquireinformationfromwhichitisimpossibletoextractenjoyment.Wearereadingthemforinstructionandthebestwecanhopeisthatourneedforitwillenableustogetthroughthemwithouttedium.Suchbookswereadunwillinglyratherthanwillingly.ButthatisnotthesortofreadingIhaveinmind.ThebooksIshallmentioninduecoursewillhelpyouneithertogetadegreenortoearnyourlivingtheywillnotteachyoutosailaboatorrunastoppedmotorbuttheywillhelpyoutolivemorefully.Howevertheycannotdounlessyouenjoyreadingthem. Everymanishisownbestcritic.Whateverthelearnedsayaboutabookhoweverunanimoustheyareintheirpraiseofitunlessitinterestsyouitisnobusinessofyours.Don’tforgetthatcriticsoftenmakemistakes;thehistoryofcriticismisfulloftheseriousmistakessomeofthemhavemadeandyouarethefinaljudgeofthevaluetoyouofthebookyouarereading.ThisofcourseappliestothebooksIamgoingtorecommendtoyourattention. Wearenoneofusexactlylikeeveryoneelseonlyratherlikeanditwouldbeunreasonabletosupposethatthebooksthathavemeantagreatdealtomeshouldbepreciselythosethatwillmeanagreatdealtoyou.IfanyofyouwhoarenotinterestedinthebooksIintroducetoyoujustputthemdown;theywillbeofnoservicetoyouifyoudonotenjoythem.Nooneisunderanobligationtoreadpoetryfictionorliterature.Hemustreadthemforpleasureandwhocanclaimthatwhatpleasesonemanmustnecessarilypleaseanother Nooneisforcedtoreadpoetryorfictionornovels.
{{*HTML*}}UnderstandingAutism1.Autism孤独症isalife-longdevelopmentaldisabilitythatpreventsindividualsfromproperlyunderstandingwhattheyseehearandotherwisesense.Thisresultsinsevereproblemsofsocialrelationshipscommunicationandbehavior.Individualswithautismhavetopainstakingly费力的learnnormalpatternsofspeechandcommunicationandappropriatewaystorelatetopeopleobjectsandeventsinasimilarmannertothosewhohavehadastroke.2.Thecauseofautismisstillunknown.Someresearchsuggestsaphysicalproblemaffectingthosepartsofthebrainthatprocesslanguageandinformationcominginfromthesenses.Theremaybesomeimbalanceofcertainchemicalsinthebrain.Genetic遗传的factorsmaysometimesbeinvolved.Autismmayindeedresultfromacombinationofseveralcauses.3.Mostpeoplewithmentalretardation智力迟钝showrelativelyevenskilldevelopment.Individualswithautismhowevertypicallyshowunevenskilldevelopmentwithdeficits欠缺incertainareas—mostfrequentlyintheirabilitytocommunicateandrelatetoothers—anddistinctskillsinotherareas.Itisimportanttodistinguishautismfrommentalretardationorotherdisorderssincediagnostic诊断的confusionmayleadtoinappropriateandineffectivetreatmenttechniques.4.Ingeneralindividualswithautismperformbestatjobswhicharestructuredandinvolveadegreeofrepetition.Somepeoplewhohaveautismareworkingasartistspianotunerspaintersfarmworkersofficeworkerscomputeroperatorsdishwashersassemblylineworkersoremployeesofshelteredworkshopsorothershelteredworksettings.Itispossiblethatautismhappensasaresultof
ReadingforPleasure ThefirstthingIwanttoinsistonisthatreadingshouldbeenjoyable.Ofcoursetherearemanybooksthatweallhavetoreadeithertopassexaminationsortoacquireinformationfromwhichitisimpossibletoextractenjoyment.Wearereadingthemforinstructionandthebestwecanhopeisthatourneedforitwillenableustogetthroughthemwithouttedium.Suchbookswereadunwillinglyratherthanwillingly.ButthatisnotthesortofreadingIhaveinmind.ThebooksIshallmentioninduecoursewillhelpyouneithertogetadegreenortoearnyourlivingtheywillnotteachyoutosailaboatorrunastoppedmotorbuttheywillhelpyoutolivemorefully.Howevertheycannotdounlessyouenjoyreadingthem. Everymanishisownbestcritic.Whateverthelearnedsayaboutabookhoweverunanimoustheyareintheirpraiseofitunlessitinterestsyouitisnobusinessofyours.Don’tforgetthatcriticsoftenmakemistakes;thehistoryofcriticismisfulloftheseriousmistakessomeofthemhavemadeandyouarethefinaljudgeofthevaluetoyouofthebookyouarereading.ThisofcourseappliestothebooksIamgoingtorecommendtoyourattention. Wearenoneofusexactlylikeeveryoneelseonlyratherlikeanditwouldbeunreasonabletosupposethatthebooksthathavemeantagreatdealtomeshouldbepreciselythosethatwillmeanagreatdealtoyou.IfanyofyouwhoarenotinterestedinthebooksIintroducetoyoujustputthemdown;theywillbeofnoservicetoyouifyoudonotenjoythem.Nooneisunderanobligationtoreadpoetryfictionorliterature.Hemustreadthemforpleasureandwhocanclaimthatwhatpleasesonemanmustnecessarilypleaseanother Wearereadingthemforinterestsandthebestwecanhopeisthatourneedforitwillenableustogetthroughthemwithouttedium.
Heaccusedthatcompanyofbreakingthecontract.
Purefeldsparisacolorlesstransparentmineralbutimpuritiescommonlymakeitopaqueandcolorful.
Hishealthhaddeterioratedwhilehewasinprison.
EventuallyshegotajobandmovedtoLondon.
TheIceman OnaSeptemberdayin1991twoGermanswereclimbingthemountainsbetweenAustriaandItaly.Highuponamountainpasstheyfoundthebodyofamanlyingontheice.Atthatheight10499feetor3200meterstheiceisusuallypermanentbut1991hadbeenanespeciallywarmyear.Themountainicehadmeltedmorethanusualandsothebodyhadcometothesurface. Itwaslyingfacedownward.Theskeleton骨架wasinperfectconditionexceptforawoundinthehead.Therewasstillskinonthebonesandtheremainsofsomeclothes.Thehandswerestillholdingthewoodenhandleofanaxandonthefeettherewereverysimpleleatherandclothboots.Nearbywasapairofglovesmadeoftreebark树皮andaholderforarrows. WhowasthismanHowandwhenhadhediedEverybodyhadadifferentanswertothesequestions.SomepeoplethoughtthatitwasfromthiscenturyperhapsthebodyofasoldierwhodiedinWorldWarIsinceseveralsoldiershadalreadybeenfoundinthearea.ASwisswomanbelieveditmightbeherfatherwhohaddiedinthosemountainstwentyyearsbeforeandwhosebodyhadneverbeenfound.Thescientistswhorushedtolookatthebodythoughtitwasprobablymucholdermaybeevenathousandyearsold. WithmoderndatingtechniquesthescientistssoonlearnedthattheIcemanwasabout5300yearsold.Borninabout3300B.C.helivedduringtheBronzeAgeinEurope.Atfirstscientiststhoughthewasprobablyahunterwhohaddiedfromanaccidentinthehighmountains.Morerecentevidencehowevertellsadifferentstory.AnewkindofX-rayshowsanarrowheadstillstuckinhisshoulder.Itleftonlyatinyholeinhisskinbutitcausedinternaldamageandbleeding.Healmostcertainlydiedfromthiswoundandnotfromthewoundonthebackofhishead.Thismeansthathewasprobablyinsomekindofabattle.Itmayhavebeenpartofalargerwarorhemayhavebeenfightingbandits.Hemayevenhavebeenabandithimself. BystudyinghisclothesandtoolsscientistshavealreadylearnedagreatdealfromtheIcemanaboutthetimeshelivedin.Wemayneverknowthefullstoryofhowhediedbuthehasgivenusimportantcluestothehistoryofthosedistanttimes. ThescientistsmadethedeductionthattheIceman
ScientistsDevelopWaysofDetectingHeartAttack Germanresearchershave1anewgenerationofdefibrillatorsandearlywarningsoftwareaimedatofferingheartpatientsgreaterprotection2suddendeathfromcardiacarrest. InGermanyalonearound100000peopledieannuallyasaresultofcardiacarrestandmanyofthesecases3bydisruptiontotheheart’srhythm.ThosemostatriskarePatientswhohave4sufferedaheartattackandforyearstheuseofdefibrillatorshasprovedusefulindiagnosing5disruptionstoheartrhythmsandcorrectingthemautomaticallybyinterveningwithinseconds.Thesedevices6arangeoffunctionssuchasthatofpacemaker. HeartspecialistsatFreiburg’sUniversityClinichavenowachievedabreakthroughwithallimplanteddefibrillator7ofgeneratingasix-channelelectrocardiogramECGwithinthebody.Thisintegratedsystemallowsearlydiagnosisof8blood-flowproblemsandapendingheartattack.Itwillbeimplantedinpatientsforthefirsttimethisyear.MeanwhileresearchersattheFraunhoferInstituteforAppliedMathematicsinKaiserslauternhavedevelopednewcomputersoftwarethatrenderstheevaluationofECGdata9. Theoverwhelming10ofpatientsatriskwillnothaveanimplanteddefibrillatorandmustforthisreasonundergoregularECGs."Manyofthecurrentprogramsonly11intoaccountalinearcorrelationofthedata.Wearehowevermakinguse12anon-linearprocessthatrevealsthechaoticpatternsofheartbeatsasanopenandcomplexsystem."HagenKnafsays."13changesintheheartbeatsovertimecanbemonitoredandindividualvariationsinpatientstakenintoaccount."AnoldstudyofECGdatabased14600Patientswhohadsufferedasubsequentheartattackenabledtheresearcherstocomparerisksandtoshow15thenewsoftwareevaluatesthedataconsiderablybetter. 7
{{*HTML*}}SuccessfulLanguageLearners??1?Somepeopleseemtohaveaknackforlearninglanguages.Theycanpickupnewvocabularymasterrulesorgrammarandlearntowriteinthenewlanguagemorequicklythanothers.Theydonotseemtobeanymoreintelligentthanotherssowhatmakeslanguagelearningsomucheasierforthem?Perhapsifwetakeacloselookatthesesuccessfullanguagelearnerswemaydiscoverafewofthetechniqueswhichmakelanguagelearningeasierforthem.??2?Firstofallsuccessfullanguagelearnersareindependentlearners.Theydonotdependonthebookortheteacher;theydiscovertheirownwaytolearnthelanguage.Insteadofwaitingfortheteachertoexplaintheytrytofindthepatternsandtherulesforthemselves.Theyaregoodguesserswholookforcluesandformtheirownconclusions.Whentheyguesswrongtheyguessagain.Theytrytolearnfrommistakes.??3?Successfullanguagelearningisactivelearning.Thereforesuccessfullearnersdonotwaitforachancetousethelanguage;theylookforsuchachance.Theyfindpeoplewhospeakthelanguageandtheyaskthesepeopletocorrectthemwhentheymakeamistake.Theywilltryanythingtocommunicate.Theyarenotafraidtorepeatwhattheyhearortosaystrangethings;theyarewillingtomakemistakesandtryagain.Whencommunicationisdifficulttheycanacceptinformationthatisinexactorincomplete.Itismoreimportantforthemtolearntothinkinthelanguagethantoknowthemeaningofeveryword.??4?Finallysuccessfullanguagelearnersarelearnerswithapurpose.Theywanttolearnthelanguagebecausetheyareinterestedinthelanguageandthepeoplewhospeakit.Itisnecessaryforthemtolearnthelanguageinordertocommunicatewiththesepeopleandtolearnfromthem.Theyfinditeasytopracticeusingthelanguageregularlybecausetheywanttolearnwithit.??5?Whatkindoflanguagelearnerareyou?Ifyouareasuccessfullanguagelearneryouhaveprobablybeenlearningindependentlyactivelyandpurposefully.Ontheotherhandifyourlanguagelearninghasbeenlessthansuccessfulyoumightaswelltrysomeofthetechniquesoutlinedabove.??A.WaystoLearnaLanguageSuccessfully??B.LearningalanguagePurposefully??C.LearningaLanguageActively??D.LearningaLanguageIndependently??E.LearningfromMistakes??F.LearningtoThinkintheTargetLanguageParagraph2______
AmericanMarriageandFamily Moresurprisingperhapsthanthecurrentdifficultiesoftraditionalmarriageisthefactthatmarriageitselfisaliveandthriving.AsSkolnicknotesAmericansareamarryingpeople:relativetoEuropeansmoreofusmarryandwemarryatayoungerage.Moreoverafteradeclineintheearly1970stherateofmarriageintheUnitedStatesisnowincreasing.Eventhedivorcerateneedtobetakeninthispromarriagecontext:some80percentofdivorcedindividualsremarry.Thusmarriageremainsbyfarthepreferredwayoflifeforthevastmajorityofpeopleinoursociety. Whathaschangedmorethanmarriageisthenuclearfamily.Twenty-fiveyearsagothetypicalAmericanfamilyconsistedofahusbandawifeandtwoorthreechildren.Nowtherearemanymarriagesinwhichcoupleshavedecidednottohaveanychildren.Andtherearemanymarriageswhereatleastsomeofthechildrenarefromthewife’spreviousmarriagesofthehusband’sorboth.Sometimesthesechildrenspendalloftheirtimewithoneparentfromtheformermarriage;sometimestheyaresharedbetweenthetwoformerspouses配偶. Thusonecanfindeverytypeoffamilyarrangement.Therearemarriageswithoutchildren;marriageswithchildrenfromonlythepresentmarriage;marriageswith"full-time"childrenfromboththepresentandformermarriages;marriageswith"full-time"childrenfromthepresentmarriageand"part-time"childrenfromformermarriages.Therearestepfathersstepmothershalf-brothersandhalf-sisters.Itisnotallthatunusualforachildtohavefourparentsandgrandparents!Theseareenormouschangesfromthetraditionalnuclearfamily.Butevensoeveninthemidstofallthisthereremainsoneconstant:mostAmericansspendmostoftheiradultlifemarried. EventhoughgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthestructureofAmericanfamilies
TheIceman OnaSeptemberdayin1991twoGermanswereclimbingthemountainsbetweenAustriaandItaly.Highuponamountainpasstheyfoundthebodyofamanlyingontheice.Atthatheight10499feetor3200meterstheiceisusuallypermanentbut1991hadbeenanespeciallywarmyear.Themountainicehadmeltedmorethanusualandsothebodyhadcometothesurface. Itwaslyingfacedownward.Theskeleton骨架wasinperfectconditionexceptforawoundinthehead.Therewasstillskinonthebonesandtheremainsofsomeclothes.Thehandswerestillholdingthewoodenhandleofanaxandonthefeettherewereverysimpleleatherandclothboots.Nearbywasapairofglovesmadeoftreebark树皮andaholderforarrows. WhowasthismanHowandwhenhadhediedEverybodyhadadifferentanswertothesequestions.SomepeoplethoughtthatitwasfromthiscenturyperhapsthebodyofasoldierwhodiedinWorldWarIsinceseveralsoldiershadalreadybeenfoundinthearea.ASwisswomanbelieveditmightbeherfatherwhohaddiedinthosemountainstwentyyearsbeforeandwhosebodyhadneverbeenfound.Thescientistswhorushedtolookatthebodythoughtitwasprobablymucholdermaybeevenathousandyearsold. WithmoderndatingtechniquesthescientistssoonlearnedthattheIcemanwasabout5300yearsold.Borninabout3300B.C.helivedduringtheBronzeAgeinEurope.Atfirstscientiststhoughthewasprobablyahunterwhohaddiedfromanaccidentinthehighmountains.Morerecentevidencehowevertellsadifferentstory.AnewkindofX-rayshowsanarrowheadstillstuckinhisshoulder.Itleftonlyatinyholeinhisskinbutitcausedinternaldamageandbleeding.Healmostcertainlydiedfromthiswoundandnotfromthewoundonthebackofhishead.Thismeansthathewasprobablyinsomekindofabattle.Itmayhavebeenpartofalargerwarorhemayhavebeenfightingbandits.Hemayevenhavebeenabandithimself. BystudyinghisclothesandtoolsscientistshavealreadylearnedagreatdealfromtheIcemanaboutthetimeshelivedin.Wemayneverknowthefullstoryofhowhediedbuthehasgivenusimportantcluestothehistoryofthosedistanttimes. Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2
ReadingforPleasure ThefirstthingIwanttoinsistonisthatreadingshouldbeenjoyable.Ofcoursetherearemanybooksthatweallhavetoreadeithertopassexaminationsortoacquireinformationfromwhichitisimpossibletoextractenjoyment.Wearereadingthemforinstructionandthebestwecanhopeisthatourneedforitwillenableustogetthroughthemwithouttedium.Suchbookswereadunwillinglyratherthanwillingly.ButthatisnotthesortofreadingIhaveinmind.ThebooksIshallmentioninduecoursewillhelpyouneithertogetadegreenortoearnyourlivingtheywillnotteachyoutosailaboatorrunastoppedmotorbuttheywillhelpyoutolivemorefully.Howevertheycannotdounlessyouenjoyreadingthem. Everymanishisownbestcritic.Whateverthelearnedsayaboutabookhoweverunanimoustheyareintheirpraiseofitunlessitinterestsyouitisnobusinessofyours.Don’tforgetthatcriticsoftenmakemistakes;thehistoryofcriticismisfulloftheseriousmistakessomeofthemhavemadeandyouarethefinaljudgeofthevaluetoyouofthebookyouarereading.ThisofcourseappliestothebooksIamgoingtorecommendtoyourattention. Wearenoneofusexactlylikeeveryoneelseonlyratherlikeanditwouldbeunreasonabletosupposethatthebooksthathavemeantagreatdealtomeshouldbepreciselythosethatwillmeanagreatdealtoyou.IfanyofyouwhoarenotinterestedinthebooksIintroducetoyoujustputthemdown;theywillbeofnoservicetoyouifyoudonotenjoythem.Nooneisunderanobligationtoreadpoetryfictionorliterature.Hemustreadthemforpleasureandwhocanclaimthatwhatpleasesonemanmustnecessarilypleaseanother Ifyoudon’tliketoreadcertainbooksitmeansthattheyareofnoservicetoyou.
Late-nightDrinking Coffeeloversbeware.Havingaquick"pick-me-up"cupofcoffee1lateinthedaywillplayhavocwithyoursleep.Aswellasbeingastimulantcaffeineinterruptstheflowofmelatoninthebrainhormonethatsendspeopleintoasleep. Melatoninlevelsnormallystarttoriseabouttwohoursbeforebedtime.Levelsthenpeakbetween2a.m.and4a.m.beforefallingagain."It’stheneurohormonethatcontrolsoursleepandtellsourbodywhentosleepandwhentowake"saysMauriceOhayonoftheStanfordSleepEpidemiologyResearchCenteratStanfordUniversityinCalifornia.ButresearchersinIsraelhavefoundthatcaffeinatedcoffeehalvesthebody’slevelsofthissleephormone. LotanShiloandateamattheSapirMedicalCenterinTelAvivUniversityfoundthatsixvolunteerssleptlesswellafteracupofcaffeinatedcoffeethanafterdrinkingthesameamountofdecal.Onaveragesubjectsslept336minutespernightafterdrinkingcaffeinatedcoffeecomparedwith415minutesafterdecal.Theyalsotookhalfanhourtodropoff-twiceaslongasusual-andjiggedaroundinbedtwiceasmuch. Inthesecondphaseoftheexperimenttheresearcherswolfethevolunteerseverythreehoursandaskedthemtogiveaurinesample.Shilomeasuredconcentrationsofabreakdownproductofmelatonin.Theresultssuggestthatmelatoninconcentrationsincaffeinedrinkerswerehalfthoseindecaldrinkers.InapaperacceptedforpublicationinSleepMedicinctheresearcherssuggestthatcaffeineblocksproductionoftheenzymethatdrivesmelatoninproduction. BecauseitcantakemanyhourstoeliminatecaffeinefromthebodyOhayonrecommendsthatcoffeeloversswitchtodecalafterlunch. Whichofthefollowingtellsushowcaffeineaffectssleep
{{*HTML*}}SuccessfulLanguageLearners??1?Somepeopleseemtohaveaknackforlearninglanguages.Theycanpickupnewvocabularymasterrulesorgrammarandlearntowriteinthenewlanguagemorequicklythanothers.Theydonotseemtobeanymoreintelligentthanotherssowhatmakeslanguagelearningsomucheasierforthem?Perhapsifwetakeacloselookatthesesuccessfullanguagelearnerswemaydiscoverafewofthetechniqueswhichmakelanguagelearningeasierforthem.??2?Firstofallsuccessfullanguagelearnersareindependentlearners.Theydonotdependonthebookortheteacher;theydiscovertheirownwaytolearnthelanguage.Insteadofwaitingfortheteachertoexplaintheytrytofindthepatternsandtherulesforthemselves.Theyaregoodguesserswholookforcluesandformtheirownconclusions.Whentheyguesswrongtheyguessagain.Theytrytolearnfrommistakes.??3?Successfullanguagelearningisactivelearning.Thereforesuccessfullearnersdonotwaitforachancetousethelanguage;theylookforsuchachance.Theyfindpeoplewhospeakthelanguageandtheyaskthesepeopletocorrectthemwhentheymakeamistake.Theywilltryanythingtocommunicate.Theyarenotafraidtorepeatwhattheyhearortosaystrangethings;theyarewillingtomakemistakesandtryagain.Whencommunicationisdifficulttheycanacceptinformationthatisinexactorincomplete.Itismoreimportantforthemtolearntothinkinthelanguagethantoknowthemeaningofeveryword.??4?Finallysuccessfullanguagelearnersarelearnerswithapurpose.Theywanttolearnthelanguagebecausetheyareinterestedinthelanguageandthepeoplewhospeakit.Itisnecessaryforthemtolearnthelanguageinordertocommunicatewiththesepeopleandtolearnfromthem.Theyfinditeasytopracticeusingthelanguageregularlybecausetheywanttolearnwithit.??5?Whatkindoflanguagelearnerareyou?Ifyouareasuccessfullanguagelearneryouhaveprobablybeenlearningindependentlyactivelyandpurposefully.Ontheotherhandifyourlanguagelearninghasbeenlessthansuccessfulyoumightaswelltrysomeofthetechniquesoutlinedabove.??A.WaystoLearnaLanguageSuccessfully??B.LearningalanguagePurposefully??C.LearningaLanguageActively??D.LearningaLanguageIndependently??E.LearningfromMistakes??F.LearningtoThinkintheTargetLanguageParagraph4______
热门题库
更多
中石油职称英语
理工类
卫生类
综合类
国际货运代理师
报关水平测试
报检员
物流员(四级)
助理物流师(三级)
物流师(二级)
高级物流师(一级)
物流案例分析
单证员基础理论与知识
单证员缮制与操作
国际货运代理理论与实务
外贸综合业务
湘公网安备 43130202000226号