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Dogs wag(摇摆) their tails in different directions depending on whether they are excited and wanting ...
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高中英语《福州八中2013-2014学年高一上学期期中考试试卷 试题及答案》真题及答案
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ThtHealthyHabitsSurvey调查showsthatonlyaboutonethirdofAmericanseniorshavecorrecthabits.HerearesomefindingsandexpertadvicE.1.Howmanytimesdidyoubrushyourteethyesterday?·FindingAfull33%ofseniorsbrushtheirteethonlyonceaday.·StepRemovethe300typesofbacteriainyourmoutheachmorningwithabattery-operatedtoothbrush.Brushgentlyfor2minutesatleasttwiceaday.2.Howmanytimesdidyouwashyourhandsorbatheyesterday?·FindingSeniorsonaveragebathefewerthan3daysaweek.Andnearly30%washtheirhandsonly4timesaday-halfofthenumberdoctorsrecommenD.·StepWetouchourfacesaround3000timesaday-ofteninvitinggerms病菌toenterourmouthnoseandeyes.UsetoiletpapertoavoidtouchingthedoorhandlE.Andmostimportantwashyourhandsoftenwithhotrunningwaterandsoapfor20seconds.3.Howoftendoyouthindaboutfightinggerms?·FindingSeniorsarenotfightinggermsaswellastheyshoulD.·StepBeawareofgerms.Doyouknowitisnotyourtoiletbutyourkitchensponge海绵thatcancarrymoregermsthananythingelse?Tokillthesegermskeepyourspongeinthemicrowavefor10seconds.45.WhatisfoundoutAmericanseniors?A.Mostofthenhavegoodhabits.B.Nearly30%ofthenbathethreedaysaweek.C.Allofthenarefightinggermsbetterthanexpected.D.Aboutonethirdofthembrushtheirteethonlyonceaday46.Doctorssuggestthatpeopleshouldwashtheirhands.A.twiceadayB.threetimesadayC.fourtimesadayD.eighttimesaday47.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A.Weshouldkeepfromtouchingourfaces.B.Therearelessthan300typesofbacteriainthemouth.C.Akitchenspongecancarrymoregermsthanatoilet.D.Weshouldwashourhandsbeforetouchingadoorhandle.48.Thetextprobablycomesfrom.A.aguidebookB.apopularmagazineC.abookreviewD.anofficialdocument
Inthefieldofmodernelectronicdevicesphoneshavegainedthemaximumpopularity.Peoplelovetoownsuchcellphoneswhichcomewithbeautifullooksaswellascreativefeatures.Blackberrymobilephonesarefantasticbusinessphoneswhicharedesignedandpresentedwhilekeepinginmindtheneedandtherequirementsofusers.Businesspeoplemakethemaximumuseoftheirphonesthangeneralusers.BlackberryStorm9500Bold9000Curve8900Pearl8110etcaresomelatestBlackberryfaces.Allthesehandsetsareperfectinbothlooksandfeatures.Pickinganyofthesedevicescanprovidegreatpleasurefortheusers.TheBlackberrycellphonebeingoneofthemostpopularbusinessphonescanbeownedthroughdifferentsources.Butonlinephoneshoppingcansavelotsoftimeandmoneythananyotherways.Withoutanyproblemuserscanselecttheirfavoritemodelsaftermakingcomparisonsoflooksfeaturesandperformanceaswell.Blogswrittenbycertainpeopleonthecomparisonwebsitecanhelponetoknowdeeplyabouthisfavoritehandset.Let'swelcomeBlackberryStorm9500whichisasmart3GphonE.Alladvancedfeaturesofthisdevicearecapabletowintheheartsofbusinessusersaswellasgeneralusers.Thelarge3.2inchestouch-screendisplayandwonderful3.2mega-pixel百万像素cameracannotremainunseen.BoththesefeaturescanbetheattractionofthephonE.Camerasettingsboast有值得自豪的东西usefuloptionslikeAutoFocusandFlash.VideorecordingisanothersignificantcamerafeatureofStorm9500.ToprovidefantasticqualitymusicBlackberryhaspresentedthebuilt-inmusicplayerwiththelatestmusicformatslikeMPEG4H263H264andWMV.AnotherwonderfulfeatureisGPSNavigationSystem&Blackberrymapswhichcanhelponetofindouttheexactlocation.Sotheownerofthishandsetcanmovefreely.TogetabriefupdateonBlackberrymobilephonesBlackberryStorm9500andotheroffersrelatedtothephonesvisitFreecontractmobilephonE.co.uk.64.BlackberrycellphonesarespeciallydesignedforA.teachersB.businessmenC.studentsD.sportsmen65.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthetypicalattractionofBlackberryStorm9500?A.Perfectlooksandcreativefeatures.B.Thelarge3.2inchestouch-screendisplay.C.Videorecordingandthelatestmusicplayer.D.GPSNavigationSystem&Blackberrymaps.66.YoucangetthemostrecentinformationabouttheBlackberrycellphone________.A.inatextbookB.inamagazineC.inanewspaperD.onawebsite67.Wecanknowfromthepassagethat________.A.therearefourmainlatestBlackberrymobilephonesB.BlackberryhandsetsarethemostpopularbusinessphonesC.consumershadbetterbuyoneinarealshopD.peopleshouldmakecomparisonsbeforebuying
Firstaidmeanstheaidorthehelpthatcanbegiventoaninjuredpersonfirstthatisbeforeanyotherhelparrives.NowadaysthereisusuallyatelephonenotfarawayandthefirstthingweshoulddoifaseriousaccidenthappensistotelephoneforanambulancE.Sometimesquickactionsbyusmaysavesomeone'slifE.Shock.PeopleoftensufferfromshockafterreceivinganinjurysometimesevenwhentheinjuryisasmallonE.ThefaceturnsgreyandtheskinbecomesdampandcolD.Theybreathequickly.Theyshouldbekeptwarm.Coverthemwithablanketandgivethemawarmdrink.Poisoning.A.personwhohastakenpoisonshouldbetakentoahospitalatoncE.Withsomepoisonssleepingpillsforexampleitisagoodthingtomakethepatientthrowupbypressingyourfingersdownhisthroat.RememberWhenanaccidenthappenssendsomeonetotelephoneforanambulanceatoncE.Keeptheinjuredpersonwarmandquiet.Givehimplentyofair.Donotletotherpeoplecrowdaroundhim.11.Howmanycommonaccidentsarementionedinthispassage?_______A.Two.B.ThreE.C.Four.D.FivE.12.Ifsomeonegoesintoshockafterreceivinganinjuryyou'llfindthat__________.A.thefaceturnsgreyB.theskinbecomesdampandcoldC.thepatientbreathesquicklyD.alloftheabove13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?A.Firstaidmeanstogiveaninjuredpersonthehelpatoncebeforethedoctorcomes.B.Whenapersonhastakenpoisonitisgoodtomakehimthrowup.C.Don'tmovetheinjuredpersonifhehasbrokenhislegs.D.Ifaninjuredpersongoesintoshockwemusttrytokeephimwarm.14.Thepassagemainlytellsus_________.A.someadviceonhowtodealwithcommonaccidentsB.somefactsaboutsomecommonaccidentsC.someexamplesofcommonaccidentsD.somethingwemustremember15.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?_______.A.SaveOne'sLifeB.SomeAccidentsC.CommonInjuriesD.FirstAid
Theoldestandmostcommonsource来源ofrenewableenergyknowntomanbiomass生物质isoneofthemostimportantformsofenergyproductionintheUnitedStatesandelsewherE.Sincesuchawidevarietyofbiomassmaterialsiseverywhere—fromtreesandgrassestoagriculturalandcitylifewastes—biomasspromisestoplayacontinuingroleinprovidingpowerandheatformillionsofpeoplearoundtheworlD.AccordingtotheUnionofConcernedScientistsUCSbiomassisakindofrenewableenergysourcethatproducesnocarbondioxidebecausetheenergyitcontainscomesfromthesun.Whenplantmatterisburneditgivesoffthesun'senergy.Inthiswaybiomassservesasasortofnaturalbatteryforstoringthesun'senergy.Aslongasbiomassisproducedcontinuously—withonlyasmuchgrownasisused—thebatterylastsforever.AccordingtotheEnergyInformationAdministrationbiomasshasbeenoneoftheleadingrenewableenergysourcesintheUnitedStatesforseveralyearsrunningthrough2007makingupbetween0.5and0.9percentofthenation'stotalelectricitysupply.In2008—althoughthenumbersaren'tallinyet—windpowerprobablytookoverfirstplacebecauseoftherapiddevelopmentofwindfarmsacrossthecountry.Producingpowerfrombiomasshelpsreducesome11milliontonsofcarbondioxideeachyear.Somehomeownersalsotrytomaketheirownheatbyusingbiomassmaterials.Suchpracticemaysavehomeowners'moneybutitalsoproducesalotofpollution.Sothebestwayistoencouragepowerplantstouseit.45.WhyisbiomassconsideredasasortofnaturalbatteryA.Itburnsmerelyplantmatter.B.Itkeepsproducingelectricity.C.Itstorestheenergyfromthesun.D.ItproduceszerocarbondioxidE.46.Welearnfromthetextthatin2008________.A.windpowerwouldbetheleaderofrenewableenergyB.therewasarapidgrowthofelectricityproductionC.biomassmightbecomethemainenergysource47.Whydoestheauthorencouragepowerplantstousebiomass?A.Topreventthewasteofenergy.B.Toincreaseproductionsafety.C.Toreducepollution.D.Tosavemoney.48.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Aresearchplan.B.AsciencemagazinE.C.Abookreview.D.Abusinessreport.
ColdweathercanbehardonpetsjustlikeitcanbehardonpeoplE.SometimesownersforgetthattheircatsarejustasusedtothewarmshelterastheyarE.Someownerswillleavetheiranimalsoutsideforalongperiodoftimethinkingthatallanimalsareusedtolivingoutdoors.Thiscanputtheirpetsindangerofseriousillness.TherearethingsyoucandotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafE.KeepyourpetsinsideasmuchasyoucanwhentheweatherisbaD.Ifyouhavetotakethemoutstayoutsidewiththem.Whenyou’recoldenoughtogoinsidetheyprobablyaretoo.Ifyoumustleavethemoutsideforalongtimemakesuretheyhaveawarmsolidshelteragainstthewindthickbeddingandplentyofnon-frozenwater.Ifleftaloneoutsidedogsandcatscanbeverysmartintheirsearchforwarmshelter.TheycandigintosnowbanksorhidesomewherE.Watchthemcloselywhentheyareleftoutdoorsandprovidethemwithshelterofgoodquality.Keepaneyeonyourpet’swater.Sometimesownersdon’trealizethatawaterbowlhasfrozenandtheirpetcan’tgetanythingtodrink.Animalsthatdon’thavecleanandunfrozenwatermaydrinkdirtywateroutsidewhichmaycontainsomethingunhealthyforthem.36.WhatdowelearnaboutpetsfromParagraph1?A.Theyareoftenforgottenbytheirowners.B.Theyareusedtolivingoutdoors.C.Theybuildtheirwonshelters.D.Theyliketostayinwarmplaces.37.Whyarepetownersaskedtostaywiththeirpetswhentheyareoutincoldweather?A.ToknowwhentobringtheminsidE.B.TokeepthemfromeatingbadfooD.C.Tohelpthemfindshelters.D.Tokeepthemcompany.38.Ifpetsareleftontheirownoutdoorsincoldweathertheymay___.A.runshortofcleanwaterB.digdeepholesforfunC.dirtythesnownearbyD.getlostinthewild39.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tosolveaproblem.B.TogivepracticaladvicE.C.Totellaninterestingstory.D.Topresentaresearchresult.
Green-spacefacilitiesarecontributingtoanimportantextenttothequalityoftheurbanenvironment.Fortunatelyitisnolongernecessarythateverylectureoreverybookaboutthissubjecthastostartwiththeproofofthisidea.Atpresentitisgenerallyacceptedalthoughmoreasaself-evidentstatementthanonthebaseofaclosely-reasonedscientificproof.Therecognitionoftheimportanceofgreen-spacesintheurbanenvironmentisafirststepontherightway;thisdoesnotmeanhoweverthatenoughdetailsareknownaboutthefunctionsofgreenspacesintownsandaboutthewayinwhichtheinhabitantsareusingthesespaces.Thetheoreticalseparationoflivingworkingtrafficandrecreationwhichformanyyearshasbeenusedintown-and-countryplanninghasinmyopinionresultedindisproportionate不成比例的attentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhomewhereastherewasrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighborhoodofthehome.Wehavecometotheconclusionthatthisisnotrightbecauseanimportantpartofthetimewhichwedonotpassinsleepingorworkingisusedforactivitiesatandaroundhome.Soitisobviousthatrecreationintheopenairhastobeginatthestreetdoorofthehouse.Theurbanenvironmenthastoofferasmanyrecreationactivitiesaspossibleandthedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatory强制性的activitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect.Theverybeststandardoflivingisnothingifitisnotpossibletotakeapleasantwalkinthedistrictifthechildrencannotbeallowedtoplayinthestreetsbecausetherisksoftrafficaretoogreatifduringshoppingyoucannowherefindaspotofenjoyingforamomenttheniceweatherinshortifyouonlyfeelyourselfathomeafterthestreetdoorofyourhouseisclosedafteryou.48.Accordingtotheauthortheimportanceofgreenspacesintheurbanenvironment_______.A.isstillunknownB.isbeingcloselystudiedC.isusuallyneglectedD.hasbeenfullyrecognized49.Theauthorsuggeststhattherecreativepossibilitiesofgreenspacesshouldbeprovided_______.A.inspecialareasB.inthesuburbsC.intheneighbourhoodofthehouseD.ingardensandparks50.Theauthorsaysmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspectto_______.A.suggestthatobligatoryactivitiesdon’tneedtoseriousB.showthatrecreationactivitiesareveryimportantC.showhowrecreationactivitieshavespreadwildlyD.suggesthowtoofferrecreationactivitiesaroundhome
Soonyou’regoingtohavetomoveout!criedmyneighboruponseeingthelargesttomatoplantknowntomankindoratleastknowninmyneighborhooD.Onetiny9-inchplantboughtfor$1.25inthespringhasalreadytakenovermuchofmyrosebedcoveringmuchofotherplantsandiswellonitswaytothefrontdoor.Rosesrequireagooddealofcareandifitweren’tforthepleasuretheygiveitwouldn’tbeworththework.AsitisIhaveagardenfullofsweet-smellingrosesformostoftheyear.Bushesmustbepruned剪枝inearlyspringleavinguglywoodybranchesuntilthenewgrowthappearsafewweekslater.Itwasthespaceavailableinthegardenthatledmeintoplantingjustonelittletomatoplant.A.bigmistakE.Soilconditionsmadejustperfectforrosesturnoutbeevenmoreperfectfortomatoes.Thedailywateringcoupledwithfullsunandregularfertilizing施肥haveturnedthelittleplantintoatallbush.ThecageIplacedarounditastheplantgrewhaslongsincedisappearedunderthethickleaves.NowthetaskIfaceinharvestingthefruitistwofold;FirstIhavetofindtheredonesamongtheleaveswhichmeansIalmosthavetostandonmyheadandoncefoundIhavetoreachdownandunderpickthetomatoesandwithdrawmyfullfistwithoutdroppingtheprizesodearlywon.Ifoundtwofull-blownwhiterosescompletelyhiddenasIpickedtomatoesinJunE.Buttheywereweakandtheleavesalreadyyellowforlackoflight.HereIamfacedwithapainfulsmalldecision:Totearupawonderfulandproductivetomatoplantthatoffersupbetweentenandtwentyripesweettomatoeseachdayorsaygoodbyetoseveralexpensiveandtreasuredroses.LikeScarlettinGoneWiththeWindI’llthinkaboutthattomorrow.51.Whataretherequirementsforthehealthygrowthofrose?A.A.lotofcareandtherightsoil.B.Frequentpruningandfertilizing.C.TomatoplantsgrownalongsidE.D.Cagesplacedaroundtheroots.52.Whydidthewriterplantedthetomato?A.Becauseitcostonly$1.25.B.Becausethesoilwasjustrightforit.C.Becausetherewasroomforitinthegarden.D.Becausetheroses’branchesneededtobecovereD.53.Whathappenedtothewriter’srosesthisyear?A.TheywereremovedfromtherosebeD.B.Theywerepickedalongwiththetomatoes.C.Theywerelargelyhiddenunderthetomatoplant.D.Theyweremostlydamagedbytoomuchsunlight.54.What’sthewriter’spurposebysayingtheprizesodearlywoninparagraph?5A.Toshowthedifficultyinpickingthetomatoes.B.Toshowthehardshipofgrowingtheroses.C.Toexpresshercareforthetomatoes.D.Toexpressherlikingfortheroses.55.Inthesituationdescribedinthetextonegoodthingisthat______.A.therosescostthewriterlittlemoneyB.thewriterhasadailyharvestoftomatoesC.someonewillhelpthewritermakethedecisionD.thewritercannowenjoyboththerosesandtomatoes
TheextraordinaryEastgateBuildinginHarareZimbabwe’scapitalcityissaidtobetheonlyoneintheworldtousethesamecoolingandheatingprinciplesasthetermitemound白蚁堆.ArchitectMickPearceusedpreciselythesamestrategywhendesigningtheEastgateBuildingwhichhasnoair-conditioningandalmostnoheating.Thebuilding—thecountry’slargestcommercialandshoppingcomplex—useslessthan10%oftheenergyofaconventionalbuildingofitssizE.TheEastgate’sownerssaved$3.5millionona$36millionbuildingbecauseanair-conditioningplantdidn’thavetobeimporteD.Thecomplexisactuallytwobuildingslinkedbybridgesacrossashadyglass-roofedatrium天井opentotheair.Fanssuckfreshairinfromtheatriumblowitupstairsthroughhollowspacesunderthefloorsandfromthereintoeachofficethroughbaseboardvents通风口.Asitrisesandwarmsitisdrawnoutviaceilingventsandfinallyexiststhroughforty-eightbrickchimneys.Duringsummer’scoolnightsbigfansblowairthroughthebuildingseventimesanhourtocooltheemptyfloors.Bydaysmallerfansblowtwochangesofairanhourthroughthebuildingtocirculatetheairwhichhasbeenincontactwiththecoolfloors.Forwinterdaystherearesmallheatersinthevents.ThisisallpossibleonlybecauseHarareis1600feetabovesealevelhascloudlessskieslittledampnessandrapidtemperatureswings—daysaswarmas31℃commonlydropto14℃atnight.Youcouldn’tdothisinNewYorkwithitsfantasticallyhotsummersandfantasticallycoldwintersPearcesaiD.TheengineeringfirmofOveArup&Partnersmonitorsdailytemperatures.Itisfoundthatthetemperatureofthebuildinghasgenerallystayedbetween23℃and25℃withtheexceptionoftheannualhotperiodjustbeforethesummerrainsinOctoberandthreedaysinNovemberwhenadoorkeeperaccidentallyswitchedoffthefansatnight.Andtheairisfresh—farmoresothaninair-conditionedbuildingswhereupto30%oftheairisrecycleD.64.WhatdoesitrefertoinParagraph3?A.FreshairfromoutsidE.B.Heatinthebuilding.C.HollowspacE.D.Baseboardvent.65.WhywouldabuildinglikeEastgateNotworkefficientlyinNewYork?A.NewYorkhaslessclearskiesasHararE.B.Itsdampnessaffectsthecirculationofair.C.NewYorkcoversalargerareathanHararE.D.Itstemperaturechangesseasonallyratherthandaily.66.ThedatainthelastparagraphsuggestsEastgate’stemperaturecontrolsystem_____.A.allowsawiderangeoftemperaturesB.functionswellformostoftheyearC.canrecycleupto30%oftheairD.worksbetterinhotseasons
Belowisaselectionfromapopularsciencebook.Ifbloodisredwhyareveins静脉blueActuallyveinsarenotblueatall.Theyaremoreofaclearyellowishcolour.Althoughbloodlooksredwhenit'soutsidethebodywhenit'ssittinginaveinnearthesurfaceoftheskinit'smoreofadarkreddishpurplecolour.Attherightdepththesebloodfilledveinsreflectlessredlightthanthesurroundingskinmakingthemlookbluebycomparison.WhichworksharderyourheartoryourbrainThatkindofdependsonwhetheryou'rebusythinkingorbusyexercising.Yourheartworksuptothreetimesharderduringexerciseandshiftsenoughbloodoveralifetimetofillasupertanker.Butinthelongrunyourbrainprobablytipsitbecauseevenwhenyou'resittingstillyourbrainisusingtwiceasmuchenergyasyourheartandittakesfourtofivetimesasmuchbloodtofeedit.Whydoesspinningmakeyoudizzy眩晕的Becauseyourbraingetsconfusedbetweenwhatyou'reseeingandwhatyou'refeeling.Thebrainsensesthatyou'respinningusingspecialgravityandmotionsensingorgansinyourinnerearwhichworktogetherwithyoureyestokeepyourvisionandbalancestablE.Butwhenyousuddenlystopspinningthesystemgoesoutofcontrolandyourbrainthinksyou'removingwhileyou'renot！WheredofeelingsandemotionscomefromMostlyfromanancientpartofthebraincalledthelimbicsystem.Allmammalshavethisbrainarea—frommicetodogscatsandhumans.SoallmammalsfeelbasicemotionslikefearpainandpleasurE.Butsincehumanfeelingsalsoinvolveothernewerbitsofthebrainwefeelmorecomplexemotionsthananyotheranimalontheplanet.31.Whatisthecolourofbloodinaveinnearthesurfaceoftheskin?A.BluE.B.DarkreddishpurplE.C.ReD.D.Lightyellow.32.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutourbrainistrue?A.Thebrainsoftheothermammalsareascomplexasthoseofhumans.B.Whenourbrainsensesthespinningwewillfeeldizzy.C.Inthelongrunourbrainprobablyworksharderthanourheart.D.Ourfeelingsandemotionscomefromthemostdevelopedareainourbrain.33.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheselection?A.Toprovideinformationaboutourbody.B.Togiveadviceonhowtostayhealthy.C.Tochallengenewfindingsinmedicalresearch.D.ToreportthelatestdiscoveriesinmedicalsciencE.
A.whitesharkshippedfromNewYorkandplacedintoanoutdoorpoolforaKmartcommercialinLosAngelesdiedaftershowingsignsofdistressanofficialfromtheanimalwelfaregroupthatmonitoredtheproductionsaidonThursday.TheAmericanHumaneAssociationAHAwhichcertifiesfilmandTVproductionswithanimalssayseverythingpossiblewasdonetoensurethe1.5metershark'ssafety.Theshark'sdeathfollowslotsofcriticismoftheuseofanimalsinHollywoodproductions.TheanimalrightsgroupPeoplefortheEthicalTreatmentofAnimalsPETAwhichsaiditreceiveddetailsontheshark'sdeathfromtwowhistleblowers揭发者criticizedtheAHAinaletterovertheshark'sdeath.Sharksaresensitiveanimalswhoincaptivity囚禁requireahighlyspecializedandcontrolledenvironmentthePETAletterreaD.GiventhedelicatenatureofthisspecieswhywouldtheAHAapprovethetransportanduseofthisanimal?Thesharkwasplacedintoa227-literoutdoortankintheVanNuyssuburbofLosAngelessaidKarenRosaasenioradviseroftheAHA.Sheaddedthatwasagoodamountofwaterforit.Wehonestlydon'tknowwhytheanimaldieD.ItwasnotbeingmistreateD.ItwasnotbeingharmedRosasaiD.Earlyinthedaythesharkseemedtobeingoodconditionbutatonepointtheynoticeditshowedsignsofdistress.AsfarasIknowitwasimmediatelyinsisteduponthattheanimalreceivespecializedaquaticveterinarian兽医careshesaiD.OxygenwaspumpedintothetankandthesharkwasgivenashottotrytostabilizeitbeforeitwastransferredtoanaquaticcompoundforcarewhereitdiedthesamedayRosasaiD.TheshootwasforaKmartcommercialbutarepresentativefortheretailercouldnotdiscloseanydetails.WetakethismatterseriouslyandsafetyisalwaysourfirstconcernthespokesmanforKmartsaidinastatement.41.ThesharkwasshippedtoLosAngelesfor________.A.astudybytheAHAB.abusinessactivityC.afilmaboutanimalsD.aprojectbyananimalwelfaregroup42.FromthepassagewecanlearnthatPETA________.A.monitorfilmsandTVproductionsthathaveanimalsB.sentarepresentativetothesceneoftheshootC.believedthesharkreceivedspecializedcareD.didn’tthinkthesharkwastransferredverywell43.WhatdoesKarenRosathinkofAHA?A.Ithaddoneallthatitneededtodo.B.Itwasagainsttherightsoftheanimals.C.IthadfoundoutthereasonwhythesharkdieD.D.Itshouldberesponsiblefortheshoot.44.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Thesharkdiedduetoalackofwater.B.Kmartwasfirsttonoticethatthesharkwasshowingsignsofdistress.C.Kmartclaimedtoensuretheanimals’safetybutdidn’tdoitverywell.D.Thesharkwasgivenahighlyspecializedenvironmentincaptivity.45.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SharksShouldbeForbiddenforCommercialB.PETATriestoStopShootingWithAnimalsC.SharksAreSensitiveAnimalsinCaptivityD.SharkBroughttoLosAngelesforCommercialDies
Therearerobotsallaroundus.Somedoverycomplicatedjobslikeflyingairplanesanddrivingsubwaytrains.andsomedoonesimplejoB.Whenanautomaticwashingmachineisswitchedonwaterpoursin.Themachinewaitsuntilthewateriswarmenoughforwashingclothes.Itdoesthisbyfeedback反馈.Informationaboutwhatishappeningisfeedbackintotherobottotellwhattodonext.Oureyesearsandothersensesareourfeedback.Theytelluswhatisgoingonaroundus.Sorobotsarelikehumanbeingsintwoways.Theyworkandtheyhavefeedback.Insomewaysrobotsarebetterthanhumanbeings.Theyworkquicklyanddonotmakemistakes.Theydonotgetboreddoingthesamejoboverandoveragain.AndtheynevergettireD.Sorobotsareveryusefulinfactories.Theycanbetaughttodomanydifferentjobs.FirsttheirelectronicbrainmustbeshownhowthejobisdonE.A.personmovestherobot’sarmsandhandsthrougheachpartofthejoB.ThemostintelligentrobotscanmoveandseE.Theireyesarecameras.Theirfingerscanfeelshapesandsizesoftheobjects.Theserobotshavecomputerbrainslinkedtotheireyesandfingerswhichcontroltheiractions.Theexpensiverobotsareusedinscientificresearch.Theydosuchjobashandlingradioactivematerials.53.Inthispassagetheauthortellsusthat________.A.robotsareverypopularB.therearevariouskindsofrobotsC.weseerobotsonlyatcertaintimesD.robotscanbeeasilycontrolled54.Whatdoestheauthorseemtoinformyouaboutrobots?A.TheyshouldbegreatlyimproveD.B.TheywillprobablytakeoverinthefuturE.C.Theyareveryhelpfulandusefultohumans.D.Theyaremachinesthatbreakdownalot.55.Theauthorsaysthatinindustry________.A.robotsbreakdownalotB.robotscandomanyjobsC.robotsonlygetinthewayD.robotssometimescausetroubles56.Thefactthatarobotnevergetsboreddoingthesamejobmeansthat_______.A.itisverymuchlikehumanbeingsB.itcandoboringjobsforpeopleC.itwillneverborepeopleD.itwillworkmuchbetterthanhumanbeings57.Therobotsusedforscientificresearch_______.A.arenotverycleverB.areverycheapC.areverybigD.areverycostly
TheBearValleyTeenAdventureCampisahigh-energyexperiencefocusingonsafeoutdoorclimbingandanappreciationforthenaturalenvironment.Alongthewaycamperscanalsoswimhikeandcanoe划独木舟.Theinstructorsareprofessionaleducatorswhocanincreaseyourteens’confidenceteamworkandclimbingskills.AllclimbingabilitiesarewelcomeandnopreviousoutdoorrockclimbingexperienceisrequireD.Participants参加者canchooseDayCamporOvernightCamp.Inadditioncamperslearntoappreciatethewildaswell.Welookforwardtoseeingyourteenagerssmilethissummer.DayCampincludessixadventurousdaysofrockclimbinghikingswimmingandcanoeinginbeautifulBearValley.Ourfocusisclimbingbutweuseadditionalactivitiestokeepthingslively.InstructionsandskilldevelopmentareprovideD.NoexperienceisrequiredandallequipmentisprovideD.Onthelastdayparentsarewelcometojoinusforabiglunchtohearallabouttheadventuresofcampfornothing.Overnightcamperscangetthefullexperiencewithfamily-stylemealseveningactivitiesandtopaccommodations住宿attheBaseCampLodgeinBearValley.A.typicalscheduleisthatafterDayCampcampersgetashortrestandsnackbeforegettingtogetherforahikeorswim.AfterwardsadeliciousmealisservedastalesfromthedayaresharedaroundthetablE.Dates:July22-282013Costs:$575–DayCamp6days+lunches$975–OvernightCamp7days6nights&allmealsAges:10-16yearsold56.BearValleyTeenAdventureCamp________.A.isaimedatincreasingteens’confidenceintheirstudiesB.requiresparticipantstohaveallclimbingabilitiesC.focusesonprotectingthenaturalenvironmentD.willprovidecamperswithinstructions57.Accordingtothesecondparagraphwelearnthat________.A.DayCampdoesn’tprovideequipmentB.parentscanhavelunchforfreeonthelastdayC.DayCamphasnootheractivitiesbesidesclimbingD.DayCampprovidescamperswithamealintheevening58.WhatcanwelearnaboutOvernightCamp?A.Itrequiresparentstopreparemealsforcampers.B.CamperscanhaveasnackbeforeDayCamp.C.$975onlyincludes7days6nightsand6lunches.D.Camperscansharestorieswithotherswhenhavingmeals.
Therearemanydifferingthoughtsontheeffectivenessofhypnosis催眠asakindoftreatment.HoweverscientificstudiesseemtohaveconcludedthathypnosisisnotonlyatruekindoftreatmentbutalsohighlyeffectivE.Therehavebeenanumberofcontrolledstudiesinrecentdecadesandtheyallseemtoagreehypnosismostdefinitelydoeswork.WithinthisessayIwilldiscussjusttwoofmanystudiesabouthypnosisandhowtheyshowthathypnosisworks.InastudyreleasedintheJournalofClinicalPsychologytotestthehelpfulnessofhypnosisinlosingweight109volunteersrangingfromtheageof17to67completedabehavioraltreatmenteitherwithorwithouttheadditionofhypnosis.Thetreatmenttooknineweeksandduringreturncheck-upsbotheightmonthsandtwoyearsafterthetreatmentthepeoplewhousedhypnosisshowedacontinuedweightlossratemuchhigherthanthepeoplewhodidn’t.Thosewhousedhypnosisweremuchbetteratachievingtheiridealweightgoals.In2009researchersatHullUniversityfoundthathypnosishadaninfluenceonbrainscans.Thisshowsthathypnosishadaninfluenceonbrainactivitythatcanbepickeduponbrainscans.Thisshowsthathypnosisisnotjustaplacebotreatment安慰疗法assomedoubtersclaimitis.OurstudyshowshypnosisisrealsaidBritishpsychologistDr.MichaelHeapwhowasinvolvedinthestudy.Thispieceofresearchshowsthathypnosisworksandalsoexactlyhowitworks.Therearealsostudiesprovingthathypnosisworksforpainreliefimprovingskinqualityimprovingconfidenceaswellashelpingwithmanyotherproblems.Ifyou’veeverthoughtaboutusinghypnosisbutwerenotsurewhetheritwouldworkforyouyoushouldnowhavealltheproofyouneedtousehypnosiswithconfidencE.63.ThestudymentionedinParA.2showsthat______.A.hypnosisworksimmediatelyafterbeingusedB.hypnosisiseffectiveinhelpingpeopleloseweightC.peoplewillgainweightifstoppingusinghypnosisD.oldpeoplehavedifficultyinachievingidealweightgoals64.Welearnfromthe2009studythathypnosis______.A.doesnotreallyworkB.isjustakindofcomfortC.canhelpimproveconfidenceD.hasvisiblefunctiononthebrain65.Thepassagementionsthefollowingpossibleeffectsofhypnosisexcept_______.A.easingpainB.improvingskinqualityC.shapingcharacterD.helpinglosingweight66.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsusinghypnosis?A.NegativE.B.Approving.C.Cautious.D.Skeptical.
BasedonnewanalysiswearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequiteseverE.Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyearscurrentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldcompletelydisappear.Polarregionswillgetcolderwhiletropicalregionswillgetevenhotterforcinganimalstomigrate迁徙north.Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.TropicalstormsandhurricaneswillnotonlyincreasebutmayalsobecomemoreintensE.Ifthechangescometooquicklyanimalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.AccordingtoScienceDailyanewstudypredictsthatbytheyear2100manyoftoday’sfamiliarclimateswillbereplacedbyclimatesunknownintoday’sworlD.Itisurgentthatwereducetherisksofthesefar-reachingconsequencesforthewholeworlD.TheplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchangE.In2004aserioustsunamicreatedbyamajorearthquakekilledthousandsinSumatraandin2008thousandsdiedinChinabecauseofanothersevereearthquakE.Egyptwashitin2009withamajorearthquakeandHaitiwasdevastatedin2010byyetanothermassiveearthquakE.Withinjustthelastfewmonthsnewreportsfromaroundtheworldhavebeencominginandmostagreethatourclimatesituationismuchworsethanpreviouslythought.Atthispointitdoesn’tmatterwhatiscausingitbutratherwhatcanbedoneaboutit.What’smoreourworldisgettingmoreandmoreunstableeveryyear.ThereiswarandthreatofwareverywherE.Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.Howeverotherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.NooneknowsanythingforsureatthispointbecausethereissimplynotenoughdatA.35.WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthePassage?A.Climatechangeanditseffects.B.SolutionstoclimatechangE.C.BepreparedforclimatechangE.D.Waystoprotectourplanet.36.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinusingtheexamplesofearthquakes?A.ToshowthedamageearthquakescauseD.B.Toremindpeopletopreventfutureearthquakes.C.Toshowmajorchangesaretakingplaceontheplanet.D.Totellusmoreearthquakeswillhappeninthefuture37.WhatdoestheunderlinedworddevastatedinParagraph3mean?A.SeparateD.B.RemoveD.C.DestroyeD.D.AffecteD.38.WhatcanbeinferredfromthePassage?A.Animalsandplantswon’tdieoutaslongasclimatechangesslowly.B.There’senoughdataforustopredictthefutureofclimatechangE.C.Theworldisgettingmoreunstablebecauseofanimalmigration.D.TheearthisnottheonlyplanetthatisexperiencingclimatechangE.
Ablackholeisaplaceinspacewheregravitypullssomuchthatevenlightcannotgetout.ThegravityissostrongbecausematterhasbeensqueezedintoatinyspacE.Thiscanhappenwhenastarisdying.Becausenolightcangetoutpeoplecan’tseeblackholes.Spacetelescopeswithspecialtoolscanhelpfindblackholes.Thespecialtoolscanseehowstarsthatareveryclosetoblackholesactdifferentlyfromotherones.Blackholescanbebigorsmall.Scientiststhinkthesmallestblackholesareassmallasjustoneatom.Theseblackholesareverytinybuthavethemassofalargemountain.Massistheamountofmatterorstaffinanobject.Anotherkindofblackholeiscalledstellar星球黑洞.Itsmasscanbeupto20timesmorethanthemassofthesun.TheremaybemanystellarmassblackholesinEarth’sgalaxy.Earth’sgalaxyiscalledtheMilkyWay.Thelargestblackholesarecalledsupermassive超大质量黑洞.Theseblackholeshavemassesthataremorethanonemillionsunstogether.Scientistshavefoundproofthateverylargegalaxycontainsasupermassiveblackholeatitscenter.ThesupermassiveblackholeatthecenteroftheMilkyWaygalaxyhasamassequaltoaboutfourmillionsunsandwouldfitinsideaverylargeballthatcouldholdafewmillionEarths.Scientiststhinkthesmallestblackholesformedwhentheuniversebegan.Stellarblackholesaremadewhenthecenterofaverybigstarfallsinuponitselforfallsapart.WhenthishappensitexplodedpartofthestarintospacE.Scientiststhinksupermassiveblackholesweremadeatthesametimeasthegalaxytheyarein.AblackholecannotbeseenbecausestronggravitypullsallofthelightintothemiddleoftheblackholE.ButscientistscanseehowthestronggravityaffectsthestarsandgasaroundtheblackholE.ScientistscanstudystarstofindoutiftheyareflyingaroundororbitingablackholE.Whenablackholeandastarareclosetogetherhigh-energylightismadE.Thiskindoflightcannotbeseenwithhumaneyes.Scientistsusesatellitesandtelescopesinspacetoseethehigh-energylight.31.Thegravityofablackholemaybecomesostrongthatlightcannotgetoutwhen____________.A.thestarisgoingtodieB.specialtoolsareusedonitC.otherstarscomeclosetoitD.itisseenfromthespacetelescopes32.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.A.blackholecanbeverytinybutextremelyheavy.B.Thegravityofablackholeholdsalllightinitscenter.C.Scientistsobservehigh-energylightthroughtheirowneyes.D.SomesmallblackholescameintobeingasearlyastheuniversE.33.TheunderlinedwordgalaxyinParagraph5means__________.A.ablackholeB.theMilkyWayC.aseriesofstarsD.aplanetneartheearth34.WhatdoesthelastsentenceinParagraph5suggest?A.NeitherthesunnortheearthisasheavyasablackholE.B.ThereisasupermassiveblackholeatthecenteroftheMilkyWay.C.ThesupermassiveblackholehadexistedbeforetheMilkyWaywasformeD.D.Thereisareasonwhythelargeblackholesarecalledsupermassive.35.Thelasttwoparagraphmainlyfocusonthequestionof_________.A.whatablackholeisB.howblackholesformC.howbigblackholesareD.howscientistsknowaboutblackholes
Besidesgivingoffgasesanddustsintotheairhumansproducewastethatispouredontheenvironment.OftenthiswasteproducedbymajorindustriesandpeopleisharmfultobothnatureandhumanlifE.Oneofthemaincausesofthelargeamountofdangerouswasteisthatpeopledonotrealizehowlargeaproblemitis.Becauseitcanbesimplyremovedandsenttoalandfill废渣填埋场theproblemisoftenbelievedtoendtherE.Inadditionindustrieshaveoftenshownanunwillingnesstofindwaystodealwithdangerouswastebecauseoftherelatedexpenses.Manyindustriesandgovernmentsbuildsimplelandfillstostorewasteandoftenjustpourwastechemicalsintonearbybodiesofwater.OftenchemicalsusedforindustrialproductioncausedangerousformsofwastE.Theamountofthesechemicalshasincreasedgreatlyinthepastbutitisoftendifficultandexpensivetogetridofthesechemicalsortostoretheminawaysafetohumanlifeandtheenvironment.EveryyearmajorhealthproblemsresultfromdangerouswastE.SadlyitisoftenonlyaftersomeonehasdiedorbecomeseriouslyillthatgovernmentswilltakemeasurestoreducelevelsofharmfulwastE.Somegovernmentshaverealizedhowseriousthedangerouswasteproblemisandarenowtryingtosettlethisproblem.TheyarealsotryingtolimittheamountofwasteindustriesareallowedtoproducE.Notonlygovernmentsbutordinarypeopleaswellmustworktogethertosolvetheproblem.Theycanchoosenottobuythoseproductswhichrequiretheproductionofdangerouswasteandproducelessharmfulwastethemselves.Manyscientiststhinkthatwasteproductioncanbecut.Thewastecanbereducedbyatleastonethirdusingexistingtechnologiesandmethods.67.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MeasuresofReducingDangerousWasteB.DangerofHarmfulWastetoMankindC.DangerousWasteandWaterPollutionD.EnvironmentalProtection68.Accordingtothetextpeople________.A.donotproduceharmfulwasteintheirdailylifeB.donotknowwheretoplacethedangerouswasteC.arenotclearabouthowseriousthedangerouswasteproblemisD.arenotsureaboutwhereharmfulwasteends69.Whattroublesindustriesmostindealingwiththedangerouswasteproblem?A.Howtogetgovernmentsupport.B.Howtoincreasetheirproduction.C.HowtostoreharmfulwastE.D.Howtocutdowntherelatedcosts.70.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Thepollutingindustriesarenotallowedtoselltheirproducts.B.Presenttechnologieshavesettledtheharmfulwasteproducts.C.Everyoneshouldobeythegovernmentrulesfortheproblem.D.Tosolvetheproblemrequirestheeffortsofthewholesociety.
TheFutureStarsGeneralintroductionTheFutureStarswassetupin1988asanon-profitservicecenterforchilddevelopmentdevotedtoprovidingqualitychildcareinalovingandeducationalenvironmentforchildren6weeksto6yearsofagE.Ourfundsmainlycomefrompublicdonations.Ahealthycuriosityaboutlearningisthemostimportantqualityforearlychildhooddevelopment.Weaimatofferinghighqualitydevelopmentallyage-appropriateactivitiesforearlychildhoodthemostImportanttimeofchilddevelopmentsothattheycandobetteraftertheystartformalschooling.HoursofoperationChildcarewillbeprovidedforthechildfrom7:00amto6:00pmMondaythroughFridayexceptforholidays.Childrenmaynotarrivebefore7:00amorremainafter6:00pm.Shouldanemergencyarisetheparentshouldimmediatelymakeusknowinconsiderationofourworkarrangements.A.latechargeof$1.00perminutewillbeassessedifthechildisnotpickedupby6:05pm.Chargesfortheseservicesaretobepaiddirectlytothestaffpersonthathasbeenlookingafteryourchilduntilyourarrivalnottothecenter.Failuretopaylatechargesmayaffectcontinuedserviceswiththecenter.Tuition学费Whenithasbeenconfirmedthatapositionisavailableforyourchildyoumustpayaregistration注册feeof$200perchilD.Theweeklytuitionfeeis$98.00.YoucanmakepaymentseitherbycreditcardorincashonMondayeveryweek.IfyourpaymentisnotmadebyTuesdayat9:00amyouwillbechargeda$25.00latefeE.Formoreinformationpleasecall434-293-6110orvisitwww.childdevelopmentcenter.com.56.TheFutureStarsisintendedfor______.A.would-beparentsB.pre-schoolchildrenC.childexpertsD.teenagers57.Whatcanweknowaboutlatepickupsfromthepassage?A.Theymayaffectcontinuedserviceswiththecenter.B.Parentshavetopaylatechargesforthemtothecenter.C.Parentshavetoinformthecenterofthemrightaway.D.Theygreatlydisturbtheworkarrangementsofthecenter.58.IfyouwantyourchildtoreceivechildcareservicesfromtheFutureStarsyoumust___.A.payincashB.payeveryTuesdayCpay$98forregistrationD.payextrafordelayedpayment59.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toattractpublicdonations.B.Topromoteearlyeducation.C.TotellthebenefitsofchildcarE.D.Tointroduceachilddevelopmentcenter.
BeforeHurricaneSandyhittheeastcoastoftheUnitedStatesithadkilled54peopleinHaitiandlefttensofthousandsmorehomeless.Haitiisespeciallytenderbecauseofitsunderdevelopmentsopeoplediethere—astheydidduringtheearthquakeinJanuary2010—ingreaternumbersthantheywouldinothercountriessubjecttothesamenaturaldisasters.ButthereisonedisasterthatwasbroughttoHaitidirectlybypeoplenowbynaturE.Itwasnotcausedbyextremeweather.ThatdisasteristhecholerathatstruckHaititwoyearsago.MostpeopleItalktodon’tevenknowthatUnitedNationstroopsbroughtthisdeadlydiseasetoHaitiinOctoberof2010.Therehadn’tbeenanycholerainHaitiforatleast100yearsifeveruntilsomeUNtroopsfrom/southAsiapouredhumanwasteintoabranchofthecountry’smainwatersupply.Sincethenmorethan7600Haitianshavediedandover600000havegottensick.HowevertheUNisstilldenyingitsresponsibilitydespitestudiespublishedbytheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinetrackingtheoriginofHaiti’scholerabacteriatoUNsoldiers.A.studybyateamof15scientistslastyearproducedevenmoreconclusiveevidenceusingwholegenomesequencetyping基因系列归类andtwoothermethodsthatmatchedthecholerastraininHaititoasamplefromNepalthatwastakenatthetimewhentheNepaleseUNtroopsarrivedinthecountry.InshortthereisproofbeyondreasonabledoubtthattheUNmissionisresponsiblefrobringingthisdiseasetoHaiti.Sothereisoneobvioussourceofmoneyfroriddingthecountryofcholerabutsofaronlyabout53%ofthe$5.35billionpromisedbyinternationaldonorshasbeendelivereD.FortheUSgovernmentitisjust27%or$250millions.IfthesegovernmentswanttohelptheUNfixthemessthattheycreatedtheyshouldhavealreadycommittedthefundstodoso.57.BymentioningthehurricaneandearthquakehappeninginHaitiinParagraph1theauthorimplies________.A.naturaldisastersareunmercifulB.manydeathscouldhavebeenavoidedC.HaitiansareeasytobecomevictimsinfaceofdisastersD.Americashouldberesponsibleforthem58.HowdoestheauthorshowtheoriginofHaiti’scholerabacteria?A.Byprovidingsupportingevidences.B.Byanalyzingtheresults.C.Bymakingfurtherinvestigations.D.BychallengingtheUN.59.HowmuchmoneyshouldtheAmericangovernmenthaveofferedtoHaiti?A.2.84billiondollars.B.925milliondollars.C.67.5milliondollars.D.250milliondollars.60.Whatdoestheauthorwritethepassagemostprobablyfor?A.TointroducetheseriouscholerasituationinHaiti.B.ToaskformorefinancialhelpfromUN.C.ToprovethedirectcauseofHaiti’scholeraoutbreak.D.TocondemntheattitudeofinternationalcommunitytowardsHaiti’scholerA.
Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.YoucanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfooD.YoumaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgoodYoumaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlooksmellortasteverynicE.DifferentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfooD.A.fewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenseswhilemostanimalsusemorethanonesensE.AlthoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffoodsomeanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetypE.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo.OtheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoicE.A.kindofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofacabbageeventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.Howevermostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimalsbirdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritainpeopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweightwhichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproductssuchasbuttercanalsobebadforthehealth.ChoosingtherightfoodthereforehasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlifE.44.Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals________.A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodC.choosefoodinsimilarways.D.eatentirelydifferentfood45.Whichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.ThesmallbirD.C.ThebearD.Thefox46.Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen______.A.theseasonchangesB.ThefoodcolorchangesC.TheymovetodifferentplacesD.Theyareattractedbydifferentsmells.47.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_____.A.foodischosenforagoodreason.B.SomepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydietC.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodD.FrenchandBritishfoodisgooD.
InmostsituationslighthelpsusseE.Butwhenitcomestolookingatthenightskylightisactuallyakindofpollution.Itpreventsourviewofsomeoflife’smoststrikingsights:starsplanetsandevengalaxies银河系.WhenIwasalittleboyIlovedthenightsky.Irememberlookingupandtheskywasfilledwithstars.IbecameanastronomerbecauseIwasamazedbytheirbeautysaysRobertGentNowinmostbigcitieskidscan’tseethestarslikeIdiD.Normallyabout2500individual单个的starsarevisibletothehumaneyeswithoutusinganyspecial71.Accordingtothetextusingournakedeyes________.A.peopleinremoteareascanseemorestarsthanthoseinbigcitiesB.overonethirdAmericanscanseeourowngalaxyC.aboutoneinthreeAmericansinbigcitiescanseeourowngalaxyD.Americanscanonlysee200to300stars72.Manycitiesandtownshavepassedlawslimitinglightsatnightmainlyto____________.A.savetheelectricityB.makesureofmigratingbirds’safetyC.letyoucountthenumberofstarsD.avoidmuchlightpollution73.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thecauseoflightpollution.B.Thewaytoreducelightpollution.C.Theeffectoflightpollution.D.People’sattitudetowardslightpollution.74.Theunderlinedwordexhaustioninthelastparagraphmeans_______.A.airpollutionB.tirednessC.breathD.brightness75.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LightPollutionB.SeekingtheSkyC.StarsintheSkyD.CityPollution
FrogsareanimalsthatcanlivebothinwaterandonlanD.Therearemorethan5000kindsoffrogsontheearth.Theearliestknownfrogslivedabout190millionyearsagoandthefrogstodaystilllookthesamE.Herearesomefunthingsthatyoumightnotknowaboutfrogs.Enjoy!TheBiggestandtheSmallestFrogsSomefrogscanbeverybig.ThebiggestkindoffrogistheGoliathFroginWestAfricA.Itsbodycanbenearly30cmlongaboutthesizeofalargecat.TheGoldFrogandthePoisonFrogarethesmallestfrogsintheworlD.Theyarelessthan1cmlong.ThoughthePoisonFrogisverysmallitisnotweakatall.Itisdangerous.Anyanimalthateatsitwilldieverysoon.TheBestJumpersFrogsareverygoodatjumping.Theydevelopedjumpinglegssothattheywouldnotbeeatenbyotherlargeanimals.Usingtheirbigstronglegsmorefrogscanjumpover20timestheirownlength.Itislikeapersonjumpingoverabout3048.TheAustralianRocketFrogcanevenjumpover2mwhichis50timesitsbodylength5.5cm.Thatmightbethereasonwhyfrogsarecalledthebestjumpersontheearth.TheCryogenicAnimalSomefrogsliketheCommonWoodFroghaveaspecialabilitytoliveinverycoldplaces.Whenthetemperaturegoesdowntheybecomeicefrogs.2/3oftheirbodywaterfreezes.Theirheartsstopandtheirbreathingstopstoo.Youmaythinktheyaredeadbutinfacttheyarenot.MaybewehumanscanlearnthewaythatthefrogsdoformedicalpurposE.64.Theearliestfrogslivedabout________millionyearsago.A.20B.30C.50D.19065.TheGoldFrogisoneofthe________frogsontheearth.A.smallestB.biggestC.strongestD.weakest66.________canjumpover2m.A.TheGoliathFrogB.TheCommonWoodFrogC.ThePoisonFrogD.TheAustralianRocketFrog67.WhatwillhappentoaCommonWoodFrogatverylowtemperature?A.Itwilldieverysoon.B.Itwillbeanicefrog.B.Itwillbecomedangerous.D.Itwillbecomeverysmall.
SurroundedbyrollinggreenhillsdecoratedwithhorsesandcowsthetownofWaimeaonHawaii’sBigIslandisapeacefulandfriendlyplacE.OneafternoonwhilestayingwithfriendsattheirhousetheremyhusbandandIdecidedtogoforawalkalongthemanymostlytraffic-freecountrylanesintheareA.WemetabeautifulGoldenRetriever.Heseemedveryfriendlysowestoppedtoplaywithhimthrowingastickwhichheretrieved取回severaltimeshappily.WhenwecontinuedourwalkhefollowedusandalthoughIworriedthathemightbegoingtoofarfromhishomeIcouldn’tdenythatwewereenjoyinghiscompany.AfterabouttwentyminuteswefoundourselveswalkingalongadirtroadinanunfamiliarareA.Onehousealmosthiddenbytheshrubbery灌木丛andshadedbytalltreesseemedsomehowstrangE.IfeltanurgetobeasfarawayfromthatplaceaspossiblE.Justthenthedoortothehouseopenedandfivedogsrushedoutbarkingandhowlingastheyrantowardus.Ifeltterrifiedandcouldn’tmovE.Therewasnowheretohideandnotimetorun.Allofasuddenournewfriendappearedbetweenthedogsandus.Hefacedthem－allfiveofthem－howlingandbaringhisteeth.Iwasamazedtoseetheattackingdogsstopintheirtrackstenfeetawayfromhim.OurprotectorheldthemtherewhileweescapeD.AtasafedistancewelookedbackandsawthefivedogsheadingbacktowardtheirhousE.ButtheGoldenRetrieverwasnowhereinsight.Ifeltanacheinmyheart;Imissedourfriendalready.Instinctively本能地Iknewhewasnothurt.Withafeelingofemptinesswemadeourwaybacktothehousehopingthewholewaythatwewouldseehimagain.ButitwasnottobE.WhenItoldourfriendabouttheencounter邂逅hereyesflewwideopenassheshoutedItwasanangel!TothisdayIhavenodoubt.A.four-leggedangelprotectedus.56.TheGoldenRetrievermentionedinthepassageismostprobably.A.acatB.ahorseC.adogD.abird57.ThefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribetheGoldenRetrieverEXCEPT.A.friendlyB.cruelC.braveD.lovely58.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.A.RomanticWalkB.A.BeautifulEncounterC.A.Four-LeggedAngelD.A.TerribleExperience59.Whydoestheauthorhaveafeelingofemptiness?A.Becauseshedidn’tseetheGoldenRetriever.B.Becauseshewashurtbythefivedogs.C.BecauseshewastoofrighteneD.D.Becauseshelostsomethingontheway.
Poorweather.Technicaldifficulties.Thesearesomeofthetypicalcausesofcancelledtrainsandplanes.Butsometimestheexcusecanbealotmoretrivial.JustrecentlypassengerswaitingforatraintoPeterboroughheardthefollowingannouncementForreasonsbeyondourcontrolweregrettoinformpassengersthatthe13:46TraintoPeterboroughhasbeencancelleD.ThenexttrainwillbearrivingonPlatforminapproximately36minutes.Ohwellanotherdelayedtrainthoughtmostpassengers.Butacoupleofthemdecidedtoenquirefurther.Incrediblytheywereinformedthattherealreasonforthenon-arrivalofthetrainwasthatthedriverrefusedtodohisjobbecausehisseatwaswet.Awetseat?That’sgottobeajokesaidonepassengerangrily.Iwouldn’tnormallycomplainifthetrainisjustabitdelayedbutthiswasunbelievableheaddeD.Whatreallymademeangryisthatthisdriverrefusedtogetinthetrainsaidanotherpassenger.Heprobablywentoffforacupofteaafterthat!sheaddeD.Aspokespersonfortherailcompanyapologizedfortheincidentbutsaidthedrivercouldn’tsitonthedampseatandwouldn’tbeabletodrivethetrainstandingup.ThespokespersonwentontoexplainthattheseathadbecomewetafterwaterenteredthroughanopenwindowwhenthetrainwasbeingcleanedinatrainwashInanothertransport-relatedincidentaflightfromChicagotoFrankfurtmadeanemergencylandinginCanadaafterthepilotspilledhiscoffeE.Apparentlythespiltliquidcausedtheplane’sradiotosendouttranspondercode7500whichisusedtoinformgroundcontrolthatthere’sbeenahi-jacking劫机.AfterlandinginTorontothe255passengersandcrewmemberswereputupinahotelforthenightthenflownontoFrankfurtthefollowingafternoon.Whatadisgustingtrip!saidonetiredpassengerafterthepainfulexperiencehadendeD.Sodoesyourjobhavethepotentialtocausesuchdisorder?56.Whydidthedriverofthetrainrefusedtodohisjob?A.Hisseatwasdamp.B.HispaywaslowC.TheweatherwasterribleD.Hiscoffeewasspilled57.TheunderlinedwordtrivialinParagraph1means____.A.dampB.unimportantC.emergentD.convincing58.TheflightmadeanemergencylandinginCanadabecause.A.theplanewashijackedB.theplaneengineswentwrongC.thepilotranoutofcoffeeD.theplane’sradiosentoutawrongsignal59.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.WetseatCanceledTrain!B.SpilledCoffeeEmergencyLanding!C.SmallIncidentBigDisruptions!D.InnocentDriverAngryPassengers!
Akitchenthatgivesstep-by-stepcookinginstructionsinFrenchcouldinspirearevolutioninlanguagelearningintheUK.ByusinganewtechnologyitspeakstoyouasyouprepareaFrenchdish.Thekitchenbreaksnewgroundbytakinglanguagelearningoutoftheclassroomandlinkingitwithanenjoyableandrewardingreal-lifeactivity.Thenewkitchenisdesignedtobeusedinschoolsuniversitiesandevenpeople’shomes.Itcouldalsobeanexistingkitchen.ThefirstversionofthetechnologywastestedinthekitchensofprojectpartnerNewcastleUniversity.ThekitchencouldbeavailableforschoolsanduniversitiesandfortheUKmarketbytheJuneof2014.TheNewcastleUniversityteamisnowworkingonwaystoputitonthemarket.AndtheEuropeanUnionhasgivenmoneytobeginprogramsinsixotherlanguagesincludingEnglishItalianandSpanish.Finallyversionscouldbedevelopedforanylanguagecuisine烹饪法intheworlD.ProfessorPaulsaysByinternationalstandardstheUKstudentsarenowpoorwhenitcomestolearninglanguages—aproblemthatcertainlyhasaneconomicinfluencE.Webelievethatdevelopingskillsinacountry’slanguageanditscuisinewillhelpchangethetrenD.OnacomputerfixedintothekitchentheuserfirstselectstheFrenchrecipe菜谱theywanttofollow.DigitalsensorsbuiltintodishescontainersandotherequipmentthencommunicatewiththecomputertomakesuretherightinstructionsaregivenattherighttimetheusercanaskthecomputertorepeataninstructionortranslateitintoEnglishsimplybypressingthetouchscreen.Aftercookingtheusercantestwhattheyhavelearnedbycarryingoutashorttestonthecomputer.Allgrammarandvocabularyhasbeencarefullyselectedtomakesurethatusingthekitchenaddstobasicproficiency熟练inunderstandingFrench.Nowthreeeasy-carryingversionsofthekitchenarebeingprepareD.They’retobefixedinNewcastleUniversityandatInstituteFrancaisaLondon-basedcharitydevotedtoteachingtheFrenchlanguagE.57.Thenewkitchenisdesignedmainlyto__________.A.increasepeople’sinterestincookingB.teachpeoplehowtocookFrenchdishesC.offerpeopleanewwaytolearnlanguagesD.helpcookslearnspokenFrenchinthekitchen58.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthekitchen?A.Ithasversionsinsixlanguagesnow.B.ItisalreadyavailableforsaleintheUK.C.IthasreceivedstrongsupportfromtheEU.D.Itcanbeusedonlyinschoolsanduniversity.59.Whenapersonisusingthekitchen___________.A.itwillgivehimatestonhiscookingskillsB.itcantranslateFrenchintoanotherlanguageC.thecookingprocesswillstopifhegoeswrongD.hemustbecarefulsoasnottomakemistakes60.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.UKstudentshaveproblemsinlanguagelearning.B.Newtechnologyhelpsstudentslearningcooking.C.Anenjoyableandrewardingreal-lifeactivity.D.A.TalkingKitchenThatTeachesYouFrench.
Asksomeonewhattheyhavedonetohelptheenvironmentrecentlyandtheywillalmostcertainlymentionrecycling.RecyclinginthehomeisveryimportantofcoursE.HoweverbeingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneeD.Wearedealingwiththeresultsofthat-overconsumptioninthegreenestwayaspossibleaswecanbutitwouldbefarbetterifwedidnotbringsomuchmaterialhomeinthefirstplacE.Thetotalamountofpackaginghasincreasedby12%between1999and2005.ItnowmakesupathirdofatypicalhouseholdwasteintheUK.InmanysupermarketsnowadaysfooditemsarepackagedtwicewithplasticandcardboarD.Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamagetotheenvironment.TheUKforexampleisrunningoutofitforburyingthisunnecessarywastE.Ifsuchpackagingisburntitgivesoffgreenhousegaseswhichgoontocausethegreenhouseeffect.Recyclinghelpsbuttheprocessitselfusesenergy.ThesolutionisnottoproducesuchitemsinthefirstplacE.Foodwasteisaseriousproblemtoo.ToomanysupermarketsencouragecustomerstobuymorethantheyneeD.HoweverfewofthemarecomingroundtotheideathatthiscannotcontinueencouragingcustomerstoreusetheirplasticbagsforexamplE.Butthisisnotjustaboutsupermarkets.Itisaboutallofus.Wehavelearnedtoassociatepackagingwithquality.Wehavelearnedtothinkthatsomethingunpackagedisofpoorquality.ThisisespeciallytrueoffooD.Butitisalsoappliedtoawiderangeofconsumerproductswhichoftenhavefarmorepackagingthannecessary.TherearesignsofhopE.AsmoreofusrecyclewearebeginningtorealizejusthowmuchunnecessarymaterialsarecollecteD.WeneedtofacethewastefulnessofourconsumerculturebutwehaveamountaintoclimB.67.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasethatoverconsumptionreferto?_______A.HavingmorematerialthanitisneedeD.B.Recyclingtoomanywastes.C.Makingmoreproductsthannecessary.D.Usingtoomuchpackaging.68.TheauthorusesfiguresinParagraph2toshow______.A.thetendencyofcuttinghouseholdwasteB.theincreaseofpackagingrecyclingC.therapidgrowthofsupermarketsD.thefactofpackagingoveruse69.Accordingtothetextrecycling______.A.helpscontrolthegreenhouseeffectB.meansburningpackagingforenergyC.isthesolutiontogasshortageD.leadstoawasteofland70.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Unpackagedproductsareofbadquality.B.Supermarketscaremoreaboutpackaging.C.Itisimpropertojudgequalitybypackaging.D.OtherproductsarebetterpackagedthanfooD.
Howcanwemeasureanimals’emotions?A.newstudyofanimal’semotionssuggeststhatasinhumansemotionscantellanimalsabouthowdangeroustheirworldisandguidethechoicesthattheymakE.ThearticleofthestudybyBristolUniversity’sprofessorMikeMendlwaspublishedonlinE.Ananimallivinginanenvironmentwhereitisoftenthreatenedbypredators捕食者willdevelopanegativeemotionormoodsuchasanxiety.HoweveroneinanenvironmentwithplentyofopportunitiestogetresourcesforsurvivalwillbeinamorepositivemoodstatE.Theresearcherssaythattheseemotionalstatesnotonlyshowtheanimal’sexperiencesbutalsohelpitdecidehowtomakechoicesespeciallyinunclearsituations.Thiscouldhavegoodorbadresults.Ananimalinanegativemoodstatewillmakeasafety-firstwithapessimisticresponsetoanunclearevent.Forexampleitconsidersanoiseinthegrassasasignalofthepredator.AtthesametimeananimalinapositivemoodstatewillbenefitfromamoreoptimisticresponsE.Itconsidersthenoiseasasignalofprey猎物.ProfessorMikeMendlheadoftheAnimalWelfareandBehaviorResearchGroupatBristolUniversity’sSchoolofClinicalVeterinarySciencesaidWecanuseoptimisticorpessimisticdecision-makingasasymbolofananimal’semotionalstatE.Recentstudiesbyourgroupandotherssuggestthatthisisameritoriousnewapproachtostudyingavarietyofanimalspecies.Publicinterestinanimalwelfareremainshighwithwidespreadconcernaboutthewayinwhichanimalsaretreatedusedandincludedinsociety.TounderstandhowanimalsshouldbetreatedweneedtobetterunderstandtheiremotionallivesMikeMendlsaiD.TheresearchersbelieveMikeMendl’sstudycanhelpthemtobetterunderstandandassessananimal’semotions.56.Whenananimalisinanegativemoodstate_______.A.itsresponsetoanuncleareventispessimisticB.itwillpaylittleattentiontoanuncleareventB.itiseasyforittomakerightdecisionsC.ithasmoreopportunitiestogetfood57.TheunderlinedwordmeritoriousinParagraph4canbereplacedby_______.A.valuableB.uselessC.fashionableD.hopeless58.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.theanimalswithpositiveemotionslivelongerB.thereisnowaytoassessananimal’semotionsC.fewpeoplecareaboutanimalwelfarenowadaysD.theenvironmentcaninfluenceanimal’semotions59.MikeMendladvisedpeopletobetterunderstandanimal’semotionsinorderto_____.A.tellpeopletobuildmoreprotectedareasforanimalsB.explainanimalsshouldberegardedaspeople’sfriendsC.raisepeople’sinterestinstudyinganimalsD.makepeopleknowhowtotreatanimalsproperly60.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DifferentkindsofAnimals’EmotionsB.EmotionsHelpsAnimalstoMakeChoiceC.TheLivingEnvironmentofWildAnimalsD.TheBestWaytoMeasureAnimals’Emotions
FahadAzadanengineerinIndiainventedarobotnamedDuctBot.Thetoy-carsizedDuctBotmeasured23centimetersinlength19centimetersinwidthand9centimetersinheightandweighsjusttwokilograms.Therobotisdesignedtosnakethroughdarknarrowairconditioningducts管道andcleanthem.ApairofLEDsfittedontherobotlightupthedirtyscenerysoitcanbecaptured抓拍byacamera.InordertocontrolitmoreeasilyMr.AzadchoosestofixDuctBotonwheels.Therobotcancleanofflotsofdirtaswellasdeadpigeonsandinsects.Keepingindoorairingoodqualityandmonitoringcarbon-dioxidelevelsinbuildingswithcentralairconditioningisachallenge.Itisimportantinsomeplaceswherecleanaircanmeanadifferencebetweenlifeanddeathsuchashospitals.Dirtyairhasabadinfluenceonpeople'shealth.EPSCOaDubai-basedcompanywhichspecializesinimprovingindoorairqualityreadaboutMr.Azad'sinventioninanationalnewspaperafterhehadwonaninternationalroboticscompetition.EPSCOhadcleaningequipmentbutitneededsomeonetogetintothoseductstodothedirtydangerouswork.AcrossIndiaforexamplethetaskstillfallstochildren.Theyaresmallenoughtogothroughthoseducts.In2005Mr.Azadwhowasstillatuniversitydecidedtodosomethingaboutit.SixyearslaterhisowncompanyRobosoftSystemshasBluestarEPSCOandtheIndianNavysomeleadingairconditionmakersaspartners.Mr.Azadandhistenemployeesarecurrentlyexploringrobotdesignstoexamineoiltanksorsewage污水pipes.Theirbiggestchallengeistomaketherobotsuser-friendlyenough.Mr.Azadhopesthattherobotcouldeventuallybeoperatednotbyengineersbutbyworkers.Therewillbelotsofdifficultiestheyneedtoovercomeinthefuture.71.WhatcanwelearnaboutDuctbot?A.Itisatoycarandpopularwithchildren.B.Itisdesignedtomovelikeasnakeintheducts.C.manyLEDsarefittedonittotellitslocation.D.Itisactuallyacameratocapturedirtyscenery.72.TheunderlinedworditinParagraph2refersto____.A.thecameraB.theconditioningductC.theLEDlightD.thedirtyscenery73.WhatcantheDuctbotdoforus?A.Cleanoffthedirtintheducts.B.Controlthecentralconditioning.C.Reducecarbon-dioxideinbuildings.D.Protectmoreanimalsincity.74.AccordingtothetextEPSCO____.A.haswonaninternationalroboticscompetitionB.hiredchildrentocleanthedirtyductsinthepastC.istheonlypartnerofRobosoftSystemsD.specializesinimprovingpeople'shealth75.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.OnlyengineerscanoperatetheDuctbotnow.B.Newwayshavebeenfoundtoexamineoiltanks.C.Azad'sdifficultiesareimpossibletoovercome.D.Azad'steamareworkingtoimprovetheirrobotdesigns.
ThepenismorepowerfulthanthesworD.Therehavebeenmanywriterswhousetheirpenstowritethingsthatwerewrong.Mrs.HarrietBeecherStowewasoneofthem.ShewasbornintheU.S.A.in1811.OneofherbooksnotonlymadeherfamousbuthasbeendescribedasonethatexcitedtheworldandwashelpfulincausingacivilwarandfreeingtheenslavedracE.ThecivilwarwastheAmericanCivilWarof1861inwhichtheNorthernStatesfoughttheSouthernStatesandfinallywon.ThisbookthatshooktheworldwascalledUncleTom'sCabin.TherewasatimewheneveryEnglish-speakingmanwomanandchildhadreadthisnovelthatdidsomuchtostopslavery.Notmanypeoplereadittodaybutitisstillveryinterestingifonlytoshowhowawarm-heartedwritercanarousepeople'ssympathies.TheauthorherselfhadneitherbeentotheSouthernStatesnorseenaslavE.TheSouthernAmericanswereveryangryatthebookwhichtheysaiddidnotatallrepresentthetruestateofaffairsbuttheNorthernAmericanswerewidelyexcitedoveritandweresoinspiredbyitthattheywerereadytogotowartosettheslavesfreE.46.Mrs.HarrietBeecherStowebecamefamousfor.A.oneofherbooksB.shewasaveryheartedlypersonC.shewasakindwifeD.sheworkedforthewar47.HowoldwasMrs.HarrietBeecherStowewhenherworldfamousbookwaspublished?A.AboutsixtyyearsolD.B.OverfiftyyearsolD.C.Inherforties.D.AroundtwentyyearsolD.48.WhatdowelearnaboutMrs.HarrietBeecherStowefromthepassage?A.BeforethecivilwarshehadbeenaslavE.B.BeforethecivilwarshehadlivedinthenorthofAmericA.C.Shehadagoodschooleducation.D.ShewasbetteratwritingthanswingingasworD.49.WhycouldMrs.HarrietBeecherStowe'sbookcauseacivilwarinAmerica?Because.A.shedisclosedtheterriblewrongsdonetotheslavesintheSouthernStatesB.shewrotesowellthattheAmericanslovedherverymuchC.theAmericansweretooexcitedwhentheyreadsthebookD.theSouthernAmericanshatedthebookwhiletheNorthernAmericanslikedit50.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.NoworcanbewonwithoutsuchabookasUncleTom'sCabin.B.Wemustunderstandtheimportanceofliteratureandart.C.Weneedn'tuseweaponstofightthingsthatarewrong.D.A.writerismorehelpfulinwarthanasoldier.
Inlandwatersmaybegroupedintotwogeneralclasses:standingwatersandflowingwaters.Asisoftenthecasetheboundarybetweenthesetwoclassesisnotsharpandclear.A.pondisanexampleofstandingwater.Butmostpondsarefedbyspringsorbrooksandmosthaveanoutlet.Thussomecurrentofchangingwaterflowsthroughthem.Ontheotherhandariverisanexampleofflowingwater.Insomeplaceshoweverarivermayhavesuchaslowcurrentthatitisverydifficulttodetect.Standinginlandwatersdifferinsizeinageandinmanyabioticenvironmentalcharacteristics.TheyrangeinsizefromroadsidepuddlestotheCaspianSeA.Puddlesmaylastforonlyafewdaysorweeks;pondsforafewhundredtoathousandyears.Ingenerallakesareolderthoughthewatersofsometropicallakesdisappearcompletelyduringeachdryseason.Standingwatersvaryfromveryshallowtoverydeepfromcleartomuddyfromfreshtosalty.Inflowingwatersweroughlydistinguishbetweenbrookscreeksandrivers.Thesizeandageofflowingwatersareunimportant.Speedofflowclearnessoxygencontentandotherchemicalcharacteristicsareusedbyscientistsinstudyingflowing-waterecosystems.【小题1】Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingcharacteristicsofflowingwatersisunimportant?A.Clarity.B.SizE.C.Speedofflow.D.Oxygencontent.【小题2】Thewordabioticinparagraph2canbestbereplacedby______.A.nonlivingB.livingC.coastalD.inland【小题3】Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.UsuallythewaterinariverflowsintoaponD.B.Scientistsonlystudyflowing-waterecosystems.C.Usuallypondslastmuchlongerthanpuddles.D.TheCaspianSeaisconsideredasanexampleofflowingwater.【小题4】Fromthispassagewemayknowthatthedistinctionbetweenstandingwatersandflowingwaters______.A.dependsonhowpeoplenamethewatersB.isclearC.dependsontheseasonsD.ishardtomake【小题5】Thispassagemainlytellsusthat______.A.therearetwomajorclassesofinlandwatersB.lakesandriversareflowingwatersC.ageandsizeofflowingwatersareimportantD.pondsandbrooksarestandingwaters
Muchofthewaterweusecomesfromsnow.Meltingsnowprovideswaterforriverselectricpowercentersandagriculturalcrops.InthewesternUnitedStatesmountainsnowprovidesupto75%ofallsurfacewatersupplies.Snowfallhelpstoprotectplantsandsomewildanimalsfromcoldwinterweather.Freshsnowismadelargelyofairtrappedamongthesnowcrystals水晶体.BecausetheairhastroublemovingthemovementofheatisgreatlyreduceD.Snowalsoisknowntoinfluencethemovementofsoundwaves.Whenthereisfreshsnowonthegroundthesurfaceofthesnowtakesinorabsorbs吸收soundwaves.Howeversnowcanbecomehardandflatasitbecomesolderoriftherehavebeenstrongwinds.Thenthesnow'ssurfacewillhelptosendbacksoundwaves.Undertheseconditionssoundsmayseemclearerandtravelfarther.GenerallythecolorofsnowandiceappearswhitE.ThisisbecausethelightweseefromthesuniswhitE.Mostnaturalmaterialstakeinsomesunlight.Thisgivesthemtheircolor.HoweverwhenlighttravelsfromairtosnowsomelightissentbackorreflecteD.Snowcrystalshavemanysurfacestoreflectsunlight.Yetthesnowdoestakeinalittlesunlight.ItisthislightthatgivessnowitswhiteappearancE.SometimessnoworicemayappeartobebluE.ThebluelightistheproductofalongtravelpaththroughthesnoworicE.Insimpletermsthinkofsnoworiceasafilter过滤器.A.filterisdesignedtorejectsomesubstanceswhilepermittingotherstopassthrough.Inthecaseofsnowallthelightmakesitthroughifthesnowisonlyacentimeterthick.Ifitisameterormorethickhoweverbluelightoftencanbeseen.64.Howmanyfunctionsofsnowarediscussedinthepassage?A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.Four65.Whydoessnowfallhelptoprotectplantsfromcold?A.Becausesnowcrystalscontainheat.B.Becausesnowcrystalshaveairinthem.C.Becausesnowcrystalsareeasytoblowaway.D.Becausesnowcrystalssendoutheatwhenmelting.66.Itcanbeinferredthat______.A.hardsnowisbetterinprotectingwildanimalsthanfreshsnowB.hardsnowprovideslesswaterthanfreshsnowC.freshsnowisbetterintakinginsoundwavesthanhardsnowD.freshsnowisbetterinsendingsoundwavesthanhardsnow67.Thecolorofsnowandiceappearswhitebecausesnowcrystals________.A.sendbackallofthesunlightB.sendbacknoneofthesunlightC.takeinmostofthesunlightD.takeinsomeofthesunlight
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