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People say teenagers are no gooD. They make too much noise in shopping malls; they drive re...
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高中英语《湖南省益阳市箴言中学2014届高三第一次模拟考试试卷 试题及答案》真题及答案
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AsmanyasoneinfiveUSteenagershavesomedegreeofhearin
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阅读短文根据短文内容回答问题EllenSimsisan18-year-oldcollegestude
Manyteenagersfeelthatthemostimportantpeopleintheir
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HavingateenagerathomecanbearealheadachE.Manyteenagerssmokedrinkandevenfight.Theyoftendosomethingdangerous.Earlierstudieshaveshownthatteenagersaremorelikely可能tomakeirrationaldecisionsthanpeoplefromanyotheragegroupincludingchildrenandadults.Isitthatteenagersaretooyoungtotellrightfromwrong?Notreally.Sowhat’sthereason?AccordingtoLaurenceateacherfromaUSuniversitythereasonisthatteenagerscarealotabouthowtheirpeers同龄人viewthem—thatispeerinfluence.Aschildrenentertheirteenageyearstheyspendmoretimewiththeirfriendsandclassmatesandalsotheycaremoreaboutwhattheythinkofthem.Thismakesteenagersmakedecisionswithoutthinkingaboutthecosts.InatestagroupofteenagerswereaskedtoplayavideodrivinggamE.Whentheyplayedwiththeirfriendswatchingaroundthemtheytookmorechancesanddrovemorecarelesslybecausethatwouldincreasetheirpossibilityofwinning.Butwhentheyplayedalonetheydrovemoresafely.Whydopeershavesuchabiginfluenceonteens’behavior?AsLaurenceseesitateenager’sbrainislikeacarwithagoodaccelerator油门butaweakbrake刹车.TheacceleratorisfullydevelopedbyteenageyearswhilethebrakeisstillnotfullydevelopeD.Whenteenagersarewatchedbytheirpeerstheyusuallypushhardontheaccelerator.Withtheirweakbrakeitislikelythattheyaregoingtoendupinanaccident.Butthegoodnewsisthataviolent暴力的teenagerdoesn’tnecessarilybecomeaviolentadult.Abouttwo-thirdstothree-quartersofviolentyouthgrowoutofit.Theygetmoreself-controlleD.46.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordirrationalinthe2ndparagraphmean?A.Quick.B.Crazy.C.Careful.D.Correct.47.Whyareteenagerslikelytomakewrongdecisionsaccordingtothetext?A.Theylikedifficulttasks.B.Theydon’tcareaboutcosts.C.Theyaretooyoungtotellrightfromwrong.D.Theycarealotaboutwhattheirpeersthinkofthem.48.HowdoesLaurenceexplaintheinfluenceofpeerpressureonteens’behavior?A.Bycomparingitwithhowacarworks.B.BycomparingitwithanaccidentC.Byshowingresearchfindings.D.Bygivingexamples.49.Accordingtothetextwithpeersaroundthemteenagersaremorelikelyto_______.A.usemoreself-controlB.performbetterthanwhentheyarealoneC.becomemorecarefulaboutwhattheydoD.careaboutwinningwithoutthinkingaboutdanger50.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A.Teenagersareeasytohavetrafficaccidents.B.Peerinfluenceisbadonteenagers.C.Mostoftheteenagersbecomelessviolentwhentheygrowup.D.Teenagersshouldn’tspendallthefreetimewiththeirfriends.
Formanyyearsthere’sbeenadebateaboutrewardingourchildren.Doesitwork?Isiteffective?Somepeoplethinkweshouldestablishastandardwithourkidsandgivethemsomethingformeetingthisstandardasareward.Punishmentisgivenoutinmuchthesamewaybutit’susedwhencertainstandardsofperformancebehavioretc.havenotbeenmet.Kidswilloftenbecomemoredutifulwhenthreatenedwithpunishmentandworkharderwhenpromisedavaluablereward.Theproblemiswhathappenswhenyouaren’taround.Todevelopresponsibleself-disciplined自律的kidsparentsneedtopromotecertainideas.Oneoftheseideasisthateveryonepitchesin努力投入andhelpsinyourfamilyevenifsomeoneisnotcrazyabouthelping.Anotherideaisthattherecanbeenjoymentindoinganytaskifwechoosetomakeitso.WhenataskisforaworthycauseourfamilycanenjoythehousemorebecauseIhelpedcleanitandwhenparentsarecheerfulabouttheirchoresthismessagecanhaveabigimpact.Thisishowwehelpourkidsdevelopasenseofresponsibility.Whenourchildrendevelopthisresponsibilitythey’llbemoredisciplinedandthey’llcontroltheiremotionsbetter.Whenwegiverewardstoourkidswereducethesenseofresponsibility.Wealsocreatechildrenwhomaytemporarily临时performtoacertainstandardbutwhoaren’tlikelytocontinuetheperformancewithoutthecarrothanginginfrontofthem.RewardsandpunishmentcanchangebehaviorforawhilebuttheycannotchangethepersonwhoengagesinthebehavioratleastinthewaywewantsaidAIfieKohnauthorofPunishedbyRewards.Goodvalueshavetobegrownfromtheinsideout.’’Parentscanhelpgivetheirchildrenasenseofsharedresponsibilityanddisciplinewhichcanlastalifetime.Therealrewardsthatyourchildrenreceivewillbetheirreadinessforthecomplexanddemandingworldthatwaitsforthem---aworldthatrewardsthosewhohavelearnedthesecretsofdisciplineresponsibility.Sokeepthoseshinyrewardingtoyourselfandletyourkidsfindtheirownrewards.66.Accordingtothepassagewhenchildrenarethreatenedwithpunishment.A.theymayloseinterestintheirworkB.theymayappeartobewell-behavedC.theymaychangetoanotherpersonD.theresultswillbeworsethanusual67.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph3?A.Parentsshouldpromotecertainideastohelpchildrendevelop.B.Childrenshouldberesponsiblefortheirdiscipline.C.Childrenshouldhelpbuildagoodfamilyatmosphere.D.Nochildrenwilladapttosocietywithouttheirparents’help.68.TheunderlinedpartthecarrotinParagraph4probablyrefersto.A.rewardsB.aimsC.apologiesD.doubts69.AccordingtothepassageAlfieKohnwouldagreethatparentsshould.A.paynoattentiontothewaytheirchildrendothingsB.showtheirchildrenhowtobehavebyexampleC.neverpunishtheirchildrenD.helptheirchildrenestablishgoodvalues70.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.DoYouOftenRewardYourChildren?B.ShouldParentsRewardTheirChildren?C.WhenShouldParentsRewardTheirChildren?D.WhatCanParentsRewardTheirChildrenwith?
PeoplearebeingtrickedintoFacebookwiththepromiseofafunfreeservicewithoutrealizingthey’repayingforitbygivinguploadsofpersonalinformation.MostFacebookusersdon’trealizethisishappening.Eveniftheyknowwhatthecompanyisuptotheystillhavenoideawhatthey’repayingforFacebookbecausepeopledon’treallyknowwhattheirpersonaldataisworth.ThebiggestproblemhoweveristhatthecompanykeepschangingtherulesearlyonyoukeepeverythingprivatE.ThatwasthegreatthingaboutFacebook.Youcouldcreateyourownlittleprivatenetwork.Lastyear.Thecompanychangeditsprivacyrulessothatmanythings;yourcityyourphotoyourfriends’namesweresetbydefault默认tobesharedwitheveryoneontheInternet.AccordingtoFacebook’svice-presidentElliotSchragethecompanyissimplymakingchangestoimproveitsserviceandifpeopledon’tshareinformation.TheyhavealesssatisfyingexperiencE.SomecriticsthinkthisismoreaboutFacebooklookingtomakemoremoney.Inoriginalbusinessmodelwhichinvolvedsellingadsandputtingthem.Atthesideofthepagestotallywhowantstotookatadswhenthey’reonlineconnectingwiththeirfriends?TheprivacyissuehasalreadylandedFacebookinhotwaterinWashington.InApril.SenatorCharlesSchumercalledonFacebooktochangeitsprivacypolicy.HealsourgedtheFederalTradeCommissiontosetguidelinesforsocialnetworkingsites.IthinkthesenatorrightlycommunicatedthatwehadnotbeenclearaboutwhatthenewproductswereandhowpeoplecouldchoosetousethemornottousethemSchrageadmits.IsuspectthatwhateverFacebookhasdonesofartoinvadeourprivacyit’sonlythebeginningwhichiswhyI’mconsideringcancellingmyaccount.FacebookisahandysitebutI’mupsetbytheideathatmyinformationisinthehandsofpeopleIdon’tknow.That’stoohighapricetopay.47.WhatdowelearnaboutFacebookfromthefirstparagraph?A.ItisawebsitethatsendsmessagestouserswhowanttogetmarrieD.B.Itearnsmoneybyputtingonadvertisements.C.Itmakesmoneybysellingitsusers’personaldatA.D.Itprovidesloadsofinformationtoitsusers.48.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutmostFacebookusers?A.Theyareunwillingtogiveuptheirpersonalinformation.B.Theydon’tknowtheirpersonaldataenrichesFacebook.C.Theydon’tidentifythemselveswhenusingthewebsitE.D.Theycareverylittleabouttheirpersonalinformation.49.WhydoesFacebookmakechangestoitsrulesaccordingtoElliotSchrage?A.Toprovidebetterservicetoitsusers.B.ToobeytheFederalguidelines.C.Toimproveitsusers’connectionD.Toexpanditsbusiness.50.WhydoestheauthorplantocancelhisFacebookaccount?A.HeisdissatisfiedwithitspresentservicE.B.Hefindsmanyofitsusersuntrustworthy.C.Hedoesn’twanthispersonaldatabadlyuseD.D.Heisupsetbyitsfrequentrulechanges.
Nearlyeveryoneagreesthatmoneydoesn’tbuyasmuchasitusedtonomatterwhenyouwanttospendit.Thisiscertainlytrueofthepapermoneythatpassessoquicklythroughone’shands.Butwhataboutcoinsthatseemtodoverylittleexceptstayinpursesandpockets?Unlikenotesmetalmoneybecomesmorevaluablethelongeritisheldespeciallyifitisputawaywhereitwon’tgetscratchedorworn.Whyisthis?Onereasonisthatcoinsbeingmoredurablefallmorereadilyintoacategoryforcollectors.Naturallytherarergoldpiecesmustbecomemorevaluableasthepriceofthismetalgoesup.Butcuriouslyoneoftherarestcoinsintheworldisnotmadeofgoldbutoftherelativelycheapersilver.In1840theUnitedStatesmint造币厂struck19570silverdollars.Thatiswhatitsrecordsshow.Todayonlysixofthisoriginalnumberremainandtheseareunlikelyevertoreachtheauction拍卖market.Sowhathappenedtosome19564largesilvercoinsnottheeasiestsortofthingstolose?OneofthemoreromantictheoriesisthattheywerepartofthepaymenttoNapoleonfortheAmericanlandthenknownasLouisianA.ButtheyneverreachedFrancE.SomewhereintheGulfofMexicotheshiptransportingthemwassunkeitherbyastormorbypirates.Theprobableanswertothemysteryisthattheyweremelteddown—sincethesilvervaluewasgreaterthantheactualvalueofthecoin.Whatreallyhappenedtotherestwillprobablyalwaysremainamystery.Whatisknownisthatwhoevercancomeupwithonewillfindhimselfinstantlyrich.61.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______.A.moneybuysasmuchasitdidbeforeB.moneydoesnotbuyasmuchasitdidbeforeC.papermoneybuysmorethanmetalmoneyD.metalmoneybuysmorethanpapermoney62.Whichofthefollowingistrueofacoin?A.Thelongeritisheldthelessvaluableitbecomes.B.Themoreitwearsoutthemorevaluableitbecomes.C.Thelessitgetsscratchedthelessitvalues.D.Thelongeritlaststhemoreitvalues.63.Accordingtothispassageoneoftherarestcoinsintheworldismadeof_______.A.silverB.goldC.copperD.paper64.Coinsbecomemorevaluablebecause_______.A.theystayinpursesandpocketsB.thepriceofmetalgoesupC.theyfallmorereadilyintoacategoryforcollectorsduetotheirdurationD.BothB.andC.65.Whatreallyhappenedtosome19564largesilvercoins?A.Theyweremelteddown.B.TheyweresunkintheGulfofMexico.C.Itisstillamystery.D.Theywerestolenbypirates.
ThebestexampleofsomethingisoftencalledthegoldstandarD.ItsetsthestandardagainstwhichotherthingsaremeasureD.Ineconomicsthetermdescribeshowmajortradingnationsonceusedgoldtosetcurrencyvaluesandexchangerates.Manynationscontinuedtousethegoldstandarduntilthelastcentury.IntheUnitedStatespeoplecouldexchangepapermoneyforgoldfromtheeighteenseventiesuntilnineteenthirty-threE.Then-PresidentRichardNixonfinallydisconnectedthedollarfromthevalueofgoldinnineteenseventy-onE.FromtimetotimesomepoliticianscallforareturntothegoldstandarD.In1978theInternationalMonetaryFundendedanofficialgoldpricE.TheIMFalsoendedtherequireduseofgoldintransactionswithitsmembercountries.Sincethattimegoldpriceshavegrownandcontinuedtobehigh.Butpeoplekeepbuying.Somepeoplearegoldbugs.Theseareinvestorswhosaypeopleshouldbuygoldtoprotectagainstinflation通货膨胀.Peoplehavevaluedgoldforthousandsofyears.Thesoftdensemetalpolishestoabrightyellowshineandresistsmostchemicalreactions.Itmakesagoodmaterialformoneypoliticalpower--andmorerecentlyelectricalpower.Ifyouownadevicelikeamobilephoneoracomputeryoumightownalittlegoldinthewiring.Thegoldstandardwasthesubjectofoneofthebest-knownspeechesinAmericanpoliticalhistory.WilliamBryanwantedthecountrytousebothgoldandsilverasmoney.Theideawastodevaluethedollarandmakeiteasierforfarmerstopaytheirdebts.Sohedeliveredaspeechwhichmadehimfamous.Hewasapresidentialcandidatethreetimes.Butheneverwon.28.TheunderlinedwordtransactionsprobablymeansA.warsB.tradeC.meetingsD.conflict29.AftertheIMFendedtheofficialgoldpricethegoldprices.A.stayedthesameB.begantodropC.increasedD.increasedalittleatfirstandkeptdrop30.What’sthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThereasonforvaluinggoldB.ThehistoryoftheuseofgoldC.NewfunctionofgoldD.Howtoobtaingold31.WecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatWilliamBryan.A.wasonceafarmerB.lovedtocollectgoldC.wasafamouspoliticalfigureD.wasagoodatgivingspeeches
LouisBrailleAlphabetMakerBlindpeoplecanreaD.Theydosobyrunningtheirfingersalongalineofraisedpointsordotsonpaper.OfcoursetheyfirsthavetolearnthecodE.Herearesomeexamplesofit.OnedotstandsfortheletterA.TwodotssidebysidemeanC.Fourdotsarrangedtolooklikeabox::standfortheletterG.ByplacingthedotsinspecialpatternsallthelettersofthealphabetcanbeformeD.ThiscodewasmadeupbyaFrenchmancalledLouisBraillE.ThoughhecouldseeatbirthhebecamesightlesswhenhewasonlythreE.Braillewascuttingleatherinhisfather'sshop.HisknifeslippedandcuthiseyE.InfectionspreadtobotheyesandhebecameblinD.At10hewasplacedinahomefortheblinD.ButyoungLouishadgreattalent.Hebecameaskilledmusicianandsoongotajobasachurchorganist风琴弹奏者inParis.BecausehehadtalentandwasquickhebecameateacherataschoolfortheblinD.Whilethereheheardthatanarmycaptainhadsentmessagestohisguncrewssotheycouldreadthematnightwithoutlight.Hismessageswereinthesimpleformofraiseddotsanddashes.ThiswastheclueLouisneedeD.Attheageof15heworkedouthisownsix-dotcodE.Eachgroupofdotsiscalledacell.ThecellsarethreedotshighandtwodotswidE.FortherestofhislifeBrailletaughthisyoungflocktoreadbothwrittenandmusicalworksusinghiscodE.Forthelast17yearsofhislifeBraillewasillwithtuberculosis肺结核.Hediedattheageof43.FrancehonoredhimbyplacinghisremainsinthefamousPantheoninParis.56.Whatisthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?A.LouisBrailledevelopedareadingmethodforblindpeoplE.B.LouisBraillebecameblindashewasachilD.C.BlindpeoplecanreadanybookstheylikE.D.LouisBraille’sremainswereburiedinthefamousPantheoninParis57.LouisBrailledevelopedanalphabetforblindpeopleafterhe________.A.becameblindasayoungchilD.B.workedasanorganist.C.learnedthatsoldierscouldreadmessagesfromraiseddots.D.becameaskilledmusician.58.Fromthispassageyoucanconcludethat________.A.allblindpeoplecanreadBraillE.B.signlanguageismoreusefulthanBrailletotheblindC.moststudentsknowthatLouisBrailledevelopedtheBraillealphabet.D.LouisBraillewouldn'thavedevelopedthealphabetifhehadnotbeenblinD.59.Thebestmeaningoftheunderlinedwordflockinthispassageis________.A.agroupofsheep.B.anumberofblindstudents.C.manyteachers.D.severalblindmusicians.
YourglassesmaysomedayreplaceyoursmartphoneandsomeNewYorkersarereadyfortheswitch.Someinthecitycan'twaittotrythemonandusethemapsandGPSthatthefuturisticeyewearislikelytoincludE.I'duseitifIwerehangingoutwithfriendsat3amandgoingtothebarandwantedtoseewhatwasopensaidWalterChoo40ofFortGreenE.Thesmartphone－likeglasseswilllikelycomeoutthisyearandcostbetween$250and$600theTimessaidpossiblyincludingavariationofaugmented增强的realityatechnologyalreadyavailableonsmartphonesandtablets平板电脑thatoverlaysinformationontothescreenaboutone'ssurroundings.Soforexampleifyouwerewalkingdownastreetindicatorswouldpop_upshowingyouthenearestcoffeeshopordirectionscouldbeplottedoutandcomeintoviewrightonthesidewalkinfrontofyou.Asfarasamainstreamconsumerproductthisjustisn'tsomethinganybodyneedssaidSamBiddlewhowritesforGizmodo.com.We'reaccustomedtohavingonethinginourpockettodoallthesethingsheaddedandtheaverageconsumerisn'tgonnabeabletoaffordanotherdevice装置that'shundredsandhundredsofdollars.9to5GooglepublisherSethWeintraubwhohasbeenreportingonthesmartphone－likeglassessincelatelastyearsaidheisconfidentthatthistypeofwearabledevicewilleventuallybeascommonassmartphones.It'sjustlikesmartphones10yearsagoWeintraubsaiD.Afewpeoplestartedgettingemailsontheirphonesandpeoplethoughtthatwascrazy.Samekindofthing.Weseepeoplebendingtheirheadstolookattheirsmartphonesandit'sunnaturalhesaiD.There'sgonnabeimprovementstothatandthisasteptherE.60.Oneofthepossiblefunctionsofthesmartphone-likeglassesisto________.A.programtheopeninghoursofabarB.supplyyouwithapictureofthefutureC.provideinformationaboutyoursurroundingsD.updatethemapsandGPSinyoursmartphones61.Theunderlinedphrasepopupinthethirdparagraphprobablymeans________.A.developrapidlyB.getroundquicklyC.appearimmediatelyD.gooverautomatically62.AccordingtoSamBiddlethesmartphone-likeglassesare________.A.necessaryforteenagersB.attractivetoNewYorkersC.availabletopeopleworldwideD.expensiveforaverageconsumers63.Wecanlearnfromthelasttwoparagraphsthatthesmartphone-likeglasses________.A.mayhaveapotentialmarketB.areascommonassmartphonesC.arepopularamongyoungadultsD.willbeimprovedbyanewtechnology
MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrizeandthefirstpersontowinittwicE.HoweverfewpeopleknowthatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.BorninSeptember1897IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuries’twodaughters.AlongwithnineotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholarsIrenestudiedintheirownschoolandhermotherwasoneoftheteachers.ShefinishedherhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSévignéinParis.IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepareforadegreeinmathematicsandphysics.WhenWorldWarIbeganIrenewenttohelphermotherwhowasusingX-rayfacilities设备tohelpsavethelivesofwoundedsoldiers.IrenecontinuedtheworkbydevelopingX-rayfacilitiesinmilitaryhospitalsinFranceandBelgrum.HerserviceswererecognizedintheformofaMilitary’sMedalbytheFrenchgovernment.In1918Irenebecamehermother’sassistantattheCurieInstitutE.InDecember1924FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstituteandIrenetaughthimthetechniquesrequiredforhiswork.Theysoonfellinloveandweremarriedin1926.TheirdaughterHelenewasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyearslater.LikehermotherIrenecombinedfamilyandcareer.LikehermotherIrenewasawardedaNobelPrizealongwithherhusbandin1935.Unfortunatelyalsolikehermothershedevelopedleukemiabecauseofherworkwithradioactivity辐射能.IreneJoliot-CuriediedfromleukemiaonMarch171956.1.WhywasIreneCurieawardedaMilitaryMedal?A.Becauseshereceivedadegreeinmathematics.B.BecauseshecontributedtosavingthewoundeD.C.BecauseshewontheNobelPrizewithFrederiC.D.Becausesheworkedasahelpertohermother.2.WheredidIreneCuriemeetherhusbandFredericJoliot?A.AttheCurieInstitutE.B.AttheUniversityofParis.C.Atamilitaryhospital.D.AttheCollegeofSevignE.3.WhenwasthesecondchildofIreneCurieandFredericJoliotborn?A.In1932.B.In1927.C.In1897.D.In1926.4.InwhichofthefollowingaspectswasIreneCuriedifferentfromhermother?A.Ireneworkedwithradioactivity.B.Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.C.IrenewontheNobelPrizeonceD.IrenediedfromleukemiA.
AnUnexpectedStormThisisastoryaboutanextremestorminMoscow.Ithappenedtwoandahalfyearsago.ItwasthefirsttimeinmylifethatIsawsuchastrongstorm.ForMoscowitwasveryunusualandnobodypredictedthisstormbeforeithappeneD.ItwasasunnydayinJulyandIwasathomealonewatchingTV.Thewindowsandthedoortothebalconywerewideopenbecausetheweatherwassohot.SuddenlyIfeltastrongwindfromoutsidE.Iwantedtoclosethewindowandcamenear.IlookedoutofthewindowandsawablackskyandtreesblowingoverbecauseofthestrongwinD.Itriedtoclosethewindowbutthewindmademefalldown.Iwasafraidthattheglassmightbreak.Istoodupandtriedtoclosethewindowagainbutitwasnotpossiblebecausethewindwasnowstrongeranditwaspushingthewindowopen.Iranintothebathroomandtookthemoptoclosethewindow.ItworkeD.WhenIlookedoutsidethetreeinfrontofmywindowwasfiatonthegroundandtherewasstrongthunderandlightning.Idecidedtopulloutalltheelectricalplugswhichtookabout10seconds.Asportsmanwouldhaveenviedmyspeed.WhenIfinishedIlookedoutsidE.ItwasterribleandIunderstoodhowpeoplearehelplesscomparedtothepowerofnaturE.Suddenlythewindstoppedanditbegantohail下冰雹.Theicewasthesizeofgrapes.After10minuteseverythingstoppedandthesunshoneasbeforE.ItwasstrangE.A.fewminuteslaterthephonebegantoringeveryfiveminutes.Itwasmyfriendsorrelatives.Weaskedeachotherhowitwasandhowwefeltafterthestorm.Manytreesdiedbecauseofthestorm.Forafewdaysthepeoplehelpedcleanparksandgardens.Somepeople’scarsweredamagedbytreesfallingonthem.Afteroneweekitwashistoryalready.ThisismystoryaboutanextremestorminMoscow.Itshowsusthatwearechildrenofnatureandwemustrespecther.46.Howdidtheweatherchangeaccordingtothepassage?A.Sunnyandhot—thunderandlightning—windy—hail—sunny.B.Sunnyandhot—windy—hail—thunderandlightning—sunny.C.Sunnyandhot—thunderandlightning—hail—windy—sunny.D.Sunnyandhot—windy—thunderandlightning—hail—sunny.47.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph5mean?A.Ididallthethingsinaflash.B.Icouldrunfasterthanasportsman.C.Icouldstayathomeonastormyday.D.IwasadmiredbythesportsmanformyspeeD.48.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromtheunexpectedstorm?A.Everythingwillbehistory.B.WeshouldrespectnaturE.C.Weshouldhelpeachother.D.ThedisasterwillbepredicteD.
Manyofususealiftseveraltimesduringthedaywithoutreallythinkingaboutit.ButLeeGrayPhDoftheUniversityofNorthCarolinaUShasmadeithisbusinesstoexaminethisunnoticedformofpublictransport.HeisknownastheElevatorGuy.Theliftbecomesthisinterestingsocialspacewherebehaviorsaresortofodd奇怪的GraytoldtheBBC.Theyelevatorsaresociallyveryinterestingbutoftenveryawkwardplaces.Wewalkinandusuallyturnaroundtofacethedoor.IfsomeoneelsecomesinwemayhavetomovE.AndhereaccordingtoGraylift-usersunthinkinglygothroughasetpatternofmovements.HetoldtheBBCwhathehadobserveD.Heexplainedthatwhenyouaretheonlyoneinsidealiftyoucandowhateveryouwant–it’syourownlittlebox.Iftherearetwoofyouyougointodifferentcornersstandingdiagonally对角线地acrossfromeachothertocreatedistancE.WhenathirdpersonentersyouwillunconsciouslyformatrianglE.Andwhenthereisafourthpersonitbecomesasquarewithsomeoneineverycorner.A.fifthpersonisprobablygoingtohavetostandinthemiddlE.Newcomerstotheliftwillneedtosizeupthesituationwhenthedoorsslideopenandthenactdecisively.Onceinformostpeopletheruleissimple–lookdownorlookatyourphonE.Whyarewesoawkwardinlifts?Youdon’thaveenoughspaceProfessorBabetteRennebergaclinicalpsychologistattheFreeUniversityofBerlintoldtheBBC.Usuallywhenwemeetotherpeoplewehaveaboutanarm’slengthofdistancebetweenus.Andthat’snotpossibleinmostelevators.InsuchasmallenclosedspaceitbecomesveryimportanttoactinawaythatcannotbeunderstoodasthreateningorodD.TheeasiestwaytodothisistoavoideyecontactshesaiD.61.Themainpurposeofthearticleisto_____.A.remindustoenjoyourselvesintheelevatorB.analyzewhatmakespeoplefeelawkwardinanelevatorC.shareaninterestingbutawkwardelevatorrideD.tellussomeunwrittenrulesofelevatorbehaviors62.AccordingtoGraywhenpeopleenteranelevatortheyusually_____.A.turnaroundandgreetoneanotherB.lookaroundorexaminetheirphoneC.makeeyecontactwiththoseintheelevatorD.trytokeepadistancefromotherpeople63.Whichofthefollowingdescribeshowpeopleusuallystandwhenthereareatleasttwopeopleinanelevator?64.TheunderlinedphrasesizeupinParagraph7isclosestinmeaningto_____.A.ignoreB.judgeC.putupwithD.makeuseof65.Accordingtothearticlepeoplefeelawkwardinliftsbecauseof_____.A.thelackofspaceB.someone’sstrangebehaviorsC.theirunfamiliaritywithoneanotherD.theireyecontactwithoneanother
Youmaynotpaymuchattentiontoyourdailyelevator电梯ridE.Manyofususealiftseveraltimesduringthedaywithoutreallythinkingaboutit.ButLeeGrayPhDoftheUniversityofNorthCarolinaUShasmadeithisbusinesstoexaminethisoverlookedformofpublictransport.HeisknownastheElevatorGuy.Theliftbecomesthisinterestingsocialspacewhereetiquette礼仪issortofoddstrangeGraytoldtheBBC.They[elevators]aresociallyveryinterestingbutoftenveryawkwardplaces.Wewalkinandusuallyturnaroundtofacethedoor.IfsomeoneelsecomesinwemayhavetomovE.AndhereaccordingtoGrayliftusersunthinkinglygothroughasetpatternofmovements.HetoldtheBBCwhathehadobserveD.Heexplainedthatwhenyouaretheonlyoneinsidealiftyoucandowhateveryouwant–it’syourownlittlebox.Iftherearetwoofyouyougointodifferentcornersstandingdiagonally对角线地acrossfromeachothertocreatedistancE.WhenathirdpersonentersyouwillunconsciouslyformatrianglE.Andwhenthereisafourthpersonitbecomesasquarewithsomeoneineverycorner.A.fifthpersonisprobablygoingtohavetostandinthemiddlE.Newentrantstotheliftwillneedtosizeupthesituationwhenthedoorsslideopenandthenactdecisively.Onceinformostpeopletheruleissimple–lookdownorlookatyourphonE.Whyarewesoawkwardinlifts?Youdon’thaveenoughspaceProfessorBabetteRennebergaclinicalpsychologistattheFreeUniversityofBerlintoldtheBBC.Usuallywhenwemeetotherpeoplewehaveaboutanarm’slengthofdistancebetweenus.Andthat’snotpossibleinmostelevators.InsuchasmallenclosedspaceitbecomesveryimportanttoactinawaythatcannotbeconstruedunderstoodasthreateningorodD.TheeasiestwaytodothisistoavoideyecontactshesaiD.68.Themainpurposeofthearticleisto_____.A.remindustoenjoyourselvesintheelevatorB.tellussomeunwrittenrulesofelevatoretiquetteC.shareaninterestingbutawkwardelevatorrideD.analyzewhatmakespeoplefeelawkwardinanelevator69..AccordingtoGraywhenpeopleenteranelevatortheyusually_____.A.turnaroundandgreetoneanotherB.lookaroundorexaminetheirphoneC.makeeyecontactwiththoseintheelevatorD.trytokeepadistancefromotherpeople70.Whichofthefollowingdescribeshowpeopleusuallystandwhenthereareatleasttwopeopleinanelevator?71..Accordingtothearticlepeoplefeelawkwardinliftsbecauseof_____.A.someone’soddbehaviorsB.thelackofspaceC.theirunfamiliaritywithoneanotherD.theireyecontactwithoneanother
AlmostnoyoungpeopletodayknowwhothecartooncharacterOswaldtheRabbitisbuttheycertainlyrecognizehissuccessorBugsBunny.OswaldBugsandhundredsofothercharacterswerecreatedbyWaltDisneyperhapsthemostfamouscartoonistinhistory.BorninChicagoin1901WaltDisneyalwayswantedtobeanartist.AfterreturningfromWorldWarIinwhichhedroveanambulanceDisneyworkedasacommercialartist.Heenjoyeddrawingcartoonsmorethananythingelseanddecidedtotryhishandatatechnologythatwasnewatthetimemovingpictures.Inthe1920’sheproducedseveralfilmswherehemadecartooncharactersmoveasifbymagiC.ThetechniqueDisneyusedwaspainstaking.Hemadehundredsoreventhousandsofrepeateddrawingsofthesamecharacter.Ineachdrawingthecharacterwaschangedjustabit.A.filmwastakenoftheseriesofdrawingsandwhenitwasshownthecharactersappearedtomovE.Theprocesscalledanimationisstillusedtodayalthoughcomputershavemadetheprocessmucheasier.In1928DisneycreatedhismostfamouscharacterMortimerMousewhoweknowtodayasMickey.ThemousestarredinacartooncalledSteamboatWilliewhichwasunusualbecauseitinvolvedtheuseofasoundtrack.WithinthenextfewyearsDisneyinventedmanyofhisothercharacters.ThelistofDisney’sanimationsuccessesislongandmemorablE.ItincludesPinocchioDumboBambiCinderellaandPeterPan.PerhapshismostremarkableanimatedfilmisSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs.Createdin1937itwasanimmediatesuccess.Todaymorethanseventyyearslateritisstilloneofthemostpopularfilmsforchildren.23.WhatisoneofthechiefdifferencesbetweenanimationtodayandinWaltDisney’searlyyears?A.Morepeoplelikeanimatedmovies.B.Fewerpeoplelikeanimatedmovies.C.Computershavemadethejobeasier.D.Computershavemadethejobharder.24.WhatmakesthefilmSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfssoremarkable?A.ItwasalittlesuccesswhencreateD.B.Ittookmorethanayeartomakeit.C.Itwasmadeatatimewhentherewerenocomputers.D.Ithasremainedpopularformorethanseventyyears.25.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordpainstakinginParagraph3probablymean?A.Somethingthathurtsbecauseitinvolveshardwork.B.Takingalongtimeandinvolvingmuchhardwork.C.Requiringalotofeffortlikerunningamarathon.D.Requiringmanyfinetoolssuchaspensandpencils.
Animportantscientificreportannouncedirrefutable不能反驳的proofthatclimatechangeishappeningandit’sallourfault.Howlonghasitbeenbeforepeopleareagainsttheglobalwarmingidea?Buthere’safunnything.LastyeartherewasaverybadhurricaneseasonintheCaribbeanwhenamongotherdisastersNewOrleanswasalmostwipedoffthemap.Wewerewiselyinformedbytheexpertsatthetimethatthiswasowingtoglobalwarming.IrememberwatchingaBBCscienceprogrammeandhearingalearnedprofessorwithabeardtellusTheincreasedfrequencyandstrengthofhurricanesiswhatweshallhavetolearntoexpectgivenglobalwarming.ThisyeartherehavebeenfarfewerhurricanesandthosetherehavebeenwererelativelymilD.Why?GlobalwarmingagainofcoursE.ProfessorBjornLomborgauthorofTheSkepticalEnvironmentalistwritesIntheconstantmediareportsofpossiblegreenhouse-relateddisastersalmostanyeventisnowlinkedtoclimatechangE.HeaddsWeshouldnotspendvastamountsofmoneytocutatinysliceoftheglobaltemperatureincreasewhenthisleadstoapooruseofresourcesandwhenwecouldprobablyusethesefundsfarmoreeffectivelyinthedevelopingworlD.ForsayingthisLomborghashaddeaththreats.Otherscientistswhodonottoetheglobalwarming-is-happening-and-it’s-all-our-faultlinehavereceivedthesamE.Thereareplentyofpeoplewhocountagainstglobalwarming.A.worldofseniorclimatologistsandmeteorologists气象学家wrotetoTheTimeslastyeartocomplainthattheycouldn’tgettheirresearchfindingspublished—becausetheydisagreedtoit.Wehavehadawarmautumn.Theexpertsfanatics狂热者allofthemputitdowntoglobalwarming.Ifwehaveanextracoldwintertheywilltellusit’saresultofglobalwarming.Ifmybigtoefeelscoldorhurtsbadlyitwillbeowingtoglobalwarming.72.Thepurposeofthispassagemaybeto______.A.supporttheideaofglobalwarmingB.organizeadebateaboutglobalwarmingC.encouragepeopletousemoneyeffectivelyD.speakoutagainsttheglobalwarmingidea73.WhathappenedtoNewOrleanslastyear?A.ItdisappearedintheworlD.B.ItwasbadlydestroyeD.C.Itwitnessedglobalwarming.D.Itexperiencedseveraldisasters.74.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat______.A.themajoritiesusuallystandforthecorrectopinionB.peoplehaverealizedthesideeffectofdevelopmentC.adifferentideasometimesmaycostonehislifeD.peoplearetakingtoomanyeffortstostopglobalwarming75.Themainideaofthelastparagraphmaybe______.A.globalwarmingmayleadtotoe’scatchingcoldinasenseB.TheTimesrefusestopublisharticlesonglobalwarmingC.itiscertainlyincorrecttooweeverythingtoglobalwarmingD.awarmautumnisnotrelatedtoglobalwarmingatall
Oneofthehardestthingstodowhenyouareasmallchildistostartschoolandhaveanewteacherseveryyear.IrememberwhenIwasinfourthgradethereweretonsofrumors谣言aboutmyteacher.Theysaidthathewouldhitkidswitherasers.Nothing_could_be_farther_from_the_truthandtothisdayIstillrememberhimasoneofmyfavoriteteachersandoneofthosepeoplewhoreallyhelpedmeinlifE.Oneofthethingsthatyoucandotohelpyourkidsgetreadyforanewteacheristogotomeethimorherbeforetheyearstarts.Mostteachersaregoingtobesettinguptheclassroomsbeforethestartoftheyear.ThisallowsstudentstoknowwhotheteacherisandbreaktheicE.Itiscommonforstudentstobefearfuloftheteacherforthefirstfewdays.Maybetheylookscary.HoweverasaparentyouneedtoteachyourkidsthatteachersarepeopletooandthattheywantnothingbutthebestforyouinlifE.Ifyourchildisstillhavingtroubleadjustingto适应ateacheryoucouldaskyourchildtobetaughtbyadifferentteacher.Somekidsjustdon’tliketheteacherthattheyhaveforsomereasonsandwouldprobablydobetterwithanotherteacher.IfsoseeifyoucandosomethingtohaveanotherteachertoteachyourchilD.AdjustingtoteacherscanbeanuncertainthingforayoungchilD.Whetheryourchildknowsnothingaboutthispersonormaybehehasheardarumorabouthimitcanbeascarything.Asaparentallyoucandoismakesurethatyourchildrenknowtheteacheristheretohelpnotbescary.1.Whentheauthorwasinfourthgradehe________.A.likedhisteacherverymuchB.gotlittlehelpfromhisteacherC.gotalongwellwithhisclassmatesD.washitbyhisteacherwitherasers2.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A.NothingcanbetrueintheworlD.B.Truthliesintherumors.C.Whattheysaidwaswrong.D.Theydidwellintheirlessons.3.Atthebeginningoftheschoolyearkidsaremostprobably________.A.excitedB.frightenedC.surprisedD.proud4.Thispassageismainlywrittenfor________.A.teachersB.parentsC.studentsD.kids
Parentsareachild’sfirstteachers.Butsomeparentsneverlearnedfromgoodexamples.InNewYorkCityanonprofitagency非盈利机构calledCovenantHousetriestohelphomelessyoungmothersbecomegoodparents.Thetwelveorsoteenagerswholiveattheshelterattendparentingclassesfourdaysaweek.TheclassiscalledMommyandME.TeacherDeloresClemensisamotheroffiveandagrandmother.Sheteachesbasicskillslikehowtogiveababyabathandhowtodressababydependingontheseason.www.ks5u.comSheremembersonestudentwholearnedfromhermothernottopickupacryingbaby.Themothersaidthatwouldonlymakethechildneedyandoverlydemanding要求高的.DeloresClemenssaysthat'snottruE.Youhavetoholdyourbaby!Heiscryingforareason.Ifyouneverpickhimuphe'sgoingtokeepcrying.Pickyourbabyup.Cuddle拥抱yourbaby.Hughim!Andshestartedtodothat.TheyjustwantalittlecuddlingandalittlelovE.Anditworks!DeloresClemenssaysherstudentsalsolearnhowtobegoodmothersbylettingthemselvesbemothereD.AroundthreehundredfiftyteenagemothersgraduatefromCovenantHouse'sMommyandMeclasseveryyear.InclasswithherbabysonisNatashA.Shelivedonthestreets.SheisgladnotonlyforthewarmthandshelterofCovenantHousE.AsshetoldreporterAdamPhillipssheisalsogladforthehelptheyofferinseeking寻求asaferlifE.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaystheUnitedStateshasforty-onebirthsforeveryonethousandgirlsagedfifteentonineteen.Thatishigherthanotherdevelopedcountriesaswellassomedevelopingones.BycomparisonnorthernneighborCanadahasfourteenbirthsandsouthernneighborMexicohaseighty-two.28.CovenantHouses’MommyandMeclassisintendedto_____.A.helphomelessyoungmothersbecomegoodparentsB.providehomelessyoungmotherswithawarmshelterC.helpmothersinNewYorkbegoodparentsD.teachsomeparentshowtolovetheirchildren29.Whatcanweinfer推断aboutDeloresClemensfromthetext?A.Sheisamotheroffiveandagrandmother.B.ShethinksacryingbabyshouldbepickedupandhuggeD.C.Sheteachesadvancedskillsonhowtobegoodmothers.D.SheisverygladforthewarmthandshelterofCovenantHousE.30.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganizationwhichcountryhasthehighestbirthsforgirlsagedfifteentonineteen?A.CanadaB.theUnitedStatesofAmericaC.MexicoD.Britain31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Parentswhoareachild’sfirstteachers.B.A.classwhereteenslearnmotheringandaremothereD.C.A.nonprofitagencythatoffersasaferlifE.D.A.kindteacherwhohelphomelessyoungmothers.
Doyouknowthatthereareactuallypeoplewhohavepaidforaflighttothemoon?Inthefuturetherewillbealotmoreopportunitiestotraveltofarawayplacesthannowperhapsevenasfarasthemoon.Aspeopleadventurefurtherandfurtherawayandasplanestrainscarsandrocketshipsbecomefasterisitsafertohavethesevehiclescontrolledbyhumansorbycomputers?Whilemanyflightsbyplanearecontrolledautomatically自动bymachinesmostpeopletodaywouldn’tlettheircardriveitself.That’sbecausenowtheautopilotfunctiononyourcarcanonlykeepitonthesamecourseyouaretravelingon.Itwon’tturnthecarrightorleft.Itwon’tstopifananimaljumpsintheway.Howevercarstodaycansensewhensomethingistoocloseandwarnthedriverwithflashinglightsandalarms.ManycarsalsohaveGPSglobalpositioningsystemsthattelldriverswhichroadtotakeandwhentoturn.Thesesystemsunlikehumandriversnevergetlost.Inthefutureitiseasytobelievethatyourcarwillbebetterabletodriveitselfwiththeaidofcomputersthatcandeterminethepositionofyourcarandthespeeditshouldtravelat.Inadditiontocomputersbeing‘smarter’thanpeopleregardingthebestwaytogoorknowinghowcloseanothervehicleiscomputersdon’tgetsicktiredorangry.Thismeanstheywon’tmakethesamemistakesthatpeoplemakewhentheyarenothavingagoodday.Whilerespondingwithemotionisagoodthingwhenchoosingthebestwaytodealwithafriend’spersonalproblemitmaynotbesuchagoodthingwhendecidingwhattodoatthewheelofafast-movingvehiclE.Sowhatarethedisadvantagesofautopilotsystems?Maybeonedisadvantageisthatasmallcomputerproblemcouldcauseaseriousaccident.Itcouldalsobearguedthatinunexpectedsituationscomputersmightnotbeabletorespondproperly;somedecisionsrequirehumanemotions.Anotherproblemmightbethatifeverythingwerecontrolledbycomputersorrobotspeoplewouldn’thaveanyjobs.38.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheDevelopmentofAutopilotB.TechnologyofFutureTravelC.A.NewDrivingSystemD.ComputerizedCars39.Whichofthefollowingisthedisadvantageofanautopilotsystem?A.Itwon’tmakethesamemistakesaspeopledo.B.Itcanpointoutthebestrouteforthedriver.C.Itmightnotrespondproperlytounexpectedsituations.D.Itdoesnothavehumanemotionstoinfluenceitsfunction.40.Ifsomefallingrocksrolldowntowardyourcartheautopilotonyourcarwill____________.A.informyouofthedangerB.turnthecarrightorleftC.donothingaboutitD.stopthecar
Peoplebelievesthatclimbingcandogoodtohealth.Wherecanyoulearntheskillofclimbingthen?Ifyouthinkthatyouhavetogotothemountainstolearnhowtoclimbyou’rewrong.ManyAmericansarelearningtoclimbincitygyms体育馆.Herepeoplearelearningonclimbing.Theclimbingwallgoesstraightupandsmallholdingplacesforhandsandfeet.Howdopeopleclimbthewall?Toclimbyouneedspecialshoesandharness保护带aroundyourchesttoholdyou.Thereareropestiedtoyourharness.Theropesholdyouinplacesothatyoudon’tfall.A.beginner’swallisusuallyabout15feethighandyouclimbstraightup.Therearesmallpiecesofmetalthatstickoutforyoutostandonandholdonto.Sometimesit’seasytoseethenewpieceofmetal.Sometimesit’snot.Themostdifficultistocontrolyourfear.It’snormalforhumanstobeafraidoffallingsoit’sdifficultnottofeelfear.ButwhenyoumoveawayfromthewalltheandtheropesholdyouandyoubegintofeelsafE.Youmoveslowlyuntilyoureachthetop.Climbingattractspeoplebecauseit’sgoodexerciseforalmosteveryonE.Youuseyourwholebodyespeciallyyourarmsandlegs.Thissportgivesyourbodyacompleteworkout.Whenyouclimbbothyourmindandyourbodycanbecomestronger.39.Themostdifficultthingtodoinwallclimbingis_______.A.totieropestoyourB.tomoveawayfromthewallC.tocontrolyourfearD.toclimbstraightup40.Thewordworkoutunderlinedinthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans_________.A.settlementB.exerciseC.excitementD.tiredness41.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?A.Totellpeoplewheretofindgyms.B.ToprovethebasicneedforclimbingC.Toencouragepeopletoclimbmountains.D.introducethesportofwallclimbing42.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Itisimpossibletobuildupone’sbodybyclimbing.B.Peoplearefairlyinterestedinclimbingnowadays.C.Peoplecanonlylearntheskillofclimbingoutdoors.D.Itisalwayseasytoseeholdingplacesinclimbing.
Therearealargenumberofstudentswhotakepartinvariouscompetitiveexamseveryyear.Someofthemeasilydealwiththestressoftheseexamswhilesomeontheotherhandgetanxiouswhenthinkingaboutsolvingthecompetitiveexamquestionpapers.Somestudentsgetsoanxiousbeforecompetitiveexamsthattheystarttospendsleeplessnightsworryingaboutthecomingexams.Thismakesthemuneasyandunhealthy.Theyfeelthemselvessurroundedwitharangeofnegativethoughts.Thisplaysafundamentalroleindecreasingtheirperformanceandtheyarenotabletogivetheirhundredpercenteffort.Thesetypesofstudentsshouldunderstandthatexamsarenotasapunishmentforthem.Itisonlyawaytojudgetheirknowledgeandunderstandingofaparticularsubject.Ifyouareoneofthemwhoarefacingthistypeofproblemyoujustneedtofollowthesetipstostayawayfromthestresswhilepreparingforcompetitiveexamquestionpapers.Don’tgetoveranxious:Itwouldreallynothelpyou.Itbringsyouawayfromyourtarget.Duringthistimeyoushouldthinkaboutyourpreviousexamsthatweredealtwithinagoodwaybyyou.Itwouldhelpyoutoovercomeyourfearofgivingcompetitiveexamquestionpapers.Meanwhileyoushouldtrytohaveaconversationwithyourparentsandfriends.Preparingatimetableandstickingtoitisanothernecessityformakingsureyouscorewellincompetitiveexams.Youshouldmakeaschedulethatcoverstheallrequiredaspectssidesofeachandeverysubject.Thiswillhelpyoutocoverthecoursesyllabus教学大纲earlyandalsogiveyourselftimetogooverthematerialthatyouhavealreadycovereD.HoweveryoumustalsogiveyourselfenoughtimeforentertainmentaswellintherightbalancE.59.Somestudentscan’tsleepatnightprobablybecause.A.theyareafraidoftakingpartintheexamsB.theycan'tgetahighscoreC.theywonderhowtosolvetheproblemsD.theycan'tpreparewellforthecomingexam60.Thestudentswithnegativethoughtabouttheexamsareusually________.A.cleverB.honestC.painfulD.naughty61.Themainideaofthethirdparagraphis.A.howyoucananswertheexamquestionpaperB.thereareothertipstogetridofyouranxietyoverexamsC.itisnoteasyforyoutoremovethestressD.youcandowellinthecompetitiveexam62.Inordertoreduceyourworryaboutthecompetitiveexamyou’dbetter.A.choosethesubjectyoulikebestB.makesureyou’llgetagoodmarkC.makeupyourmindtoperformwellD.haveatalkwithyourparents
AirportDelaysontheRiseDelayscauseextremeangeramongtravelersandcostthecountrybillionsinlostproductivity.AnFAAstudylistedelevenmajorproblemsandsuggestedelevensolutions.Allproblemsareinairtrafficcontrol.Thevariousregions地区don’ttalktoeachotherenough.Eachregionoperatesdifferentlyandthenumberofplanesinso-calledregionaltrafficisincreasing.InthefirstofelevensolutionsanFAAnationalcenterwilltakecontrolfromtheregionsduringheavytrafficorbadweather.JaneGarveyoftheFAAsaysThepurposeofthecommand指挥centeristoreallymakethosedecisionsthataffectthesystemintotal.AlsotheFAApromisespubliclyagaintoupgradeitscomputers.MichaelBarrisasafetyexpertattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaWe’vegotfaresthatarereduceD.MorepeoplewanttoflyandweareactuallyfillingtheairoftheUnitedStateswithairtraffiC.AnexampleofthisisthattheSanFranciscoInternationalAirportisgrowingfastasaworld-widegatewayandasacentertoanexpanded扩展的regionalservicE.RonWilsonoftheSanFranciscoInternationalAirportsaysIfwe’vegot161718aircraftdepartingat8A.m.theguythatisonthe18thplaneisgoingtobe40minuteslatE.JaneGarveysaysIt’simportanttonotethatflyingismorepopular.It’sbecomingaformofpublictransportationforanumberofpeoplE.That’shavinganeffectonthedelaynumbersaswell.Weathercausesabout70%ofdelays.ThentheFAAmovesplanesfartherapartfromfivemilestoasmuchas20miles.Thenewrulemayreducethatto10miles.Butiftheskyisalreadycrowdedwheredothoseplanesgo?AtravelersaysNaturallyIthinkthemorespacebetweenplanesthesaferfortravelers.TheFAAcallsitanimprovementnotafinalsolution.Thepublicsaythemajorproblemsremain:toomanyplanestoofewcontrollersandtoolittlemodernization.44.AccordingtotheFAAstudythebiggestproblemleadingtoairportdelaysliesin__________.A.thereducedplanefaresB.theexpandedregionalserviceC.thepoorairtrafficcontrolD.theincreasingpassengernumbers45.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsreducingthespacebetweenplanes?A.Doubtful.B.SupportivE.C.Confident.D.InteresteD.46.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat__________.A.theFAAwilltakecontrolfromtheregionsaccordingtotheirrequirementsB.passengershadbetterbepreparedforairportdelaysinthenearfutureC.upgradedcomputersystemspromiseplanestobeontimeD.planefareswillgetraisedtoreducepassengers
Everypetownerloveshispet.ThereisnoargumentherE.ButwhenweaskedourreaderswhethertheywouldclonetheirbelovedanimalstheresponsesweresplitalmostdownthemiddlE.Ofthe228readerswhoansweredit108wouldclone111wouldnotandnineweighedeachsidewithoutofferinganopinion.Clearlyfromreaders’responsethisisanissuethatreachesdeeplyintoboththejoyandeventualsadnessofowningapet.Itspeaksaswelltopeople’swidelydifferingexpectationsoverthedevelopingscientificprocedurE.Mostoftherespondentswhofavoredtheideastronglybelieveditwouldproduceatleastaclosecopyoftheoriginal;manyfelttheprocesswouldactuallyreturnanexactcopy.Thoseontheothersidehoweverheldlittlehopeaclonecouldnevertrulyrecreateapetmanysimplydidn’twishtogoagainstthenaturallawoflifeanddeath.Bothsidesexpressedequallovefortheiranimals.Morethanafewrespondentsownedthebestdog/catintheworld.TheythoughtoftheirpetsastheirbestfriendamemberofthefamilythelightofmylifE.Theytoldmovingstoriesofpets’heroismintelligenceandselflessdevotion.Littlewondersthelossissodisturbing---andthecloningsoattractivE.PeoplebecomeveryclosetotheiranimalsandthelosscanbejustashardtobearaswhenafriendorfamilymemberdiessaysGaryKowalskiauthorofGoodbyeFriend:HealingWisdomforAnyoneWhoHasEverLostaPet.FormecloningfeelslikeanattempttoturndeathawayIt’sunderstandablE.Deathisalwayspainful.It’sdifficulttodealwith.It’shardtoaccept.Butwouldcloningreducetheblow?Thisquestionseemedtobeattheheartofthisproblem.67.Sofarasthecloningofpetsisconcernedarecentsurveyshowsthatofallpetowners____.A.alotmoreofthemareforitB.alotmoreofthemareagainstitC.veryfewofthemarewillingtotelltheiropinionsD.abouthalfofthemareforitandtheotherhalfagainstit68.Whiletalkingabouttherespondentsfromthereaderstheexpressioneventualsadnessofowningapetrefersto____.A.thedeathofone’spetB.thehighcostofowningapetC.thetroublesonehastodealwithinkeepingapetD.thedangersinvolvedinthecloningofapet69.FromwhatGaryKowalskisayswecanknowthathe____.A.hasneverthoughtabouttheproblemofcloningB.isgoingtowriteanotherbookonpetsC.isinfavoroftheideaofcloningpetsD.isallagainstthecloningofpets70.Whatisthekeyquestionattheheartoftheproblemofcloningpets?A.Cancloningmakethepainonesufferslesswhenapetdies?B.Canpetownersaffordthecostofcloning?C.Doescloninggoagainstthelawofnature?D.Howreliablydoescloningproduceanexactcopyofone’spet?
Mostchildrennowchatdailyeitheronlineorthroughtheirmobilephones.TheyareconnectingtoahugenumberofotherchildrenallovertheworlD.Someareshyinreallifebutareconfidenttocommunicatewithothersonline;othersfindsupportfrompeopleoftheirownageonrelationshipproblemsorproblemsathomE.Sometimestheonlineworldjustliketherealworldcanintroduceproblemssuchascheatingorarguments.GoingonlineisgreatfunbuttherearealsoafewpeoplewhousetheInternettodobadthings.ChildrenmustknowthatthereareboththegoodthingsandthedangersontheInternet.Tokeepchildrensafeyourmanagementmustcoverthefamilycomputer.JustasyoudecidewhichTVprogramsaresuitableyouneedtodothesameforthewebsitesandchatroomsyourchildrenvisit.Remindyourchildrenthatonlinefriendsarestillstrangersandtherearedangerstoo.Computerstudiesarepartofschoolworknowsoit'slikelythatyourchildrenmayknowmorethanyoudo.WegetleftbehindwhenitcomestotheinteractiveareasofwebsiteslikechatroomsandmessageboardswhichareespeciallystrangE.Thelanguageofchatisstrangetomanyparentstoo.Chatterslovetouseabbreviations缩写suchas:atb--allthebestbbfn--byebyefornowculSer—seeyoulatergr8--greatIdk--Idon'tknowimbl--itmustbelovekit--keepintouchpaw--parentsarewatchinglol--laughoutloudxlnt--excellent!Itseemslikeanotherlanguageanditis!24.ThepassageismeantforA.childrenB.teachersC.parentsD.barowners25.Inordertokeepchildrensafeonlineyou'dbetterA.notallowthemtousetheInternetB.surftheInternettogetherwiththemC.teachthemtousecorrectwordsD.choosesuitablewebsitesandchatroomsforthem26.IfyoustandbesidehimwhenyoursonischattingaboutsomethingsecretonlinehemayuseA.bbfnB.1olC.cul8erD.paw27.Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Thechatlanguageisstrangetoadults.B.TheInternetisnotgoodforchildren.C.ChildrencanchatsomuchonlinE.D.TheInternetisagoodplaceforchildren.
Childrenhavetheirownrulesinplayinggames.Theyseldomneedareferee裁判andrarelytroubletokeepscores.Theydon’tcaremuchaboutwhowinsorlosesanditdoesn’tseemtoworrythemifthegameisnotfinisheD.YettheylikegamesthatdependalotonlucksothattheirpersonalabilitiescannotbedirectlycompareD.Theyalsoenjoygamesthatmoveinstagesinwhicheachstagethechoosingofleadersthepicking-upofsidesorthedeterminingofwhichsideshallstartisalmostagameinitself.Grown-upscanhardlyfindchildren’sgamesexcitingandtheyoftenfeelpuzzledatwhytheirkidsplaysuchsimplegamesagainandagain.Howeveritisfoundthatachildplaysgamesforveryimportantreasons.HecanbeagoodplayerwithouthavingtothinkwhetherheisapopularpersonandhecanfindhimselfbeingausefulpartnertosomeoneofwhomheisordinarilyafraiD.Hebecomesaleaderwhenitcomestohisturn.Hecanbeconfidenttooinparticulargamesthatitishisplacetogiveorderstopretendtobedeadtothrowaballactuallyatsomeoneortokisssomeonehehascaught.Itappearstousthatwhenchildrenplayagametheyimagineasituationundertheircontrol.Everyoneknowstherulesandmoreimportantlyeveryoneplaysaccordingtotherules.Thoserulesmaybechildishbuttheymakesurethateverychildhasachancetowin.46.Whatistrueaboutchildrenwhentheyplaygames?A.TheycanstopplayinganytimetheylikE.B.Theycantesttheirpersonalabilities.C.Theywanttopickabetterteam.D.Theydon’tneedrules.47.Tobecomealeaderinagamethechildhasto.A.playwellB.waitforhisturnC.beconfidentinhimselfD.bepopularamonghisplaymates48.Whatdoweknowaboutgrown-ups?A.Theyarenotinterestedingames.B.Theyfindchildren’sgamestooeasy.C.Theydon’tneedareasontoplaygames.D.Theydon’tunderstandchildren’sgames.49.Whydoesachildlikeplayinggames?A.Becausehecanbesomeoneotherthanhimself.B.Becausehecanbecomepopularamongfriends.C.Becausehefindsheisalwaysluckyingames.D.BecausehelikestheplacewhereheplaysagamE.50.Thewriterbelievesthat.A.childrenshouldmakebetterrulesfortheirgamesB.childrenshouldinvitegrown-upstoplaywiththemC.children’sgamescandothemalotofgoodD.childrenplaygameswithoutreasons
Ifyouhearthesoundofrunningwaterthenexttimeyoucallaco-workeronhisorhermobilephonedon’tbesurprised.Three-fourthsofAmericanswithmobilephonessaytheyusetheminthebathroomanewstudyshows.Approximatelythesamenumberofmenandwomenhaveusedthephoneinthebathroomaccordingtoasurveyof1000Americansby11markanintegratedmarketingagencyalthoughmenseemmoreattachedtoITinthetoilet:30percentofmenversus20percentofwomenagreedwiththestatementIdon'tgotothebathroomwithoutmymobilephone.Morethanhalfthesurveyedusers63percentsaidtheyhaveansweredaphonecallinthebathroomandalmosthalf41percentreportedinitiatingaphonecall.That'snotallhowever.Whatgoesonbehindthewallsofthestallsisanythingamobilephoneiscapableof.Sixty-sevenpercentsaidtheyhavereadatextand39percenthavesurfedtheWeb.Menworkmorefromthebathroom—20percentsaidtheyhaveparticipatedinwork-relatedcallsversus13percentoftheirfemalecolleagues.AsexpectedGenYrespondentsarethepacesettersinthemobileeverywheremovementwith91percentusingtheirphoneinthebathroom.Stilloldergenerationsarenotfarbehind.EightypercentofGenX.1961-1981reportedusingthephoneinthebathroomasdid65percentofBabyBoomersand47percentoftheSilentGeneration.Whileonlinetheyaredoingmorethanjustsurfing;16percentofGenYreporttheyhavemadeanonlinepurchasewhileinthebathroom.UsersofiPhonesareparticularlylikelytobrowseandbuyinthebathroom–22percenthavemadeapurchaseversus10percentofAmericanswithmobilephonesoverall.Thewritingisonthestallsaid11markprincipalNicoleBurdette.Thisstudyconfirmswhatweallknow:thatthelastprivateplaceisnolongerprivate.Intheprocesshigh-techhygiene卫生istakingahitthesurveyfound.While92percentofmobilephoneuserssaidtheywashtheirhandsafterusingthebathroomonly14percentsaidtheywashtheirphones.1.Whichisthebestwordtoreplacetheunderlinedwordinitiating?A.receivingB.experiencingC.endingD.beginning2.AccordingtohiswordsNicoleBuedettemainlywantstotellusthat.A.nowondermobilephonesareusedinthebathroomB.thebathroomisaprivateplaceforpeopleC.itmakespeoplehavenoprivacyatallD.moremenhaveusedthephoneinthebathroom3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphofthepassageimply?A.UsingphonesinthebathroomhasabadeffectonhygieneB.MobilephonesshouldnotbeallowedtouseinthebathroomC.MostpeoplecareaboutthehygieneafterusingthebathroomD.Fewpeoplewashtheirphonesafterusingthebathroom4.Theattitudeoftheauthortotheuseofphonesinthebathroomis______A.supportiveB.disapprovalC.subjective主观的D.objective客观的
Cheatingcanhappeninalotofdifferentways.Whenpeoplecheatit’snotfairtootherpeoplelikethekidswhostudiedforthetestorwhothetruewinnersofagamewerE.Manypeopleliketheactionofcheating.Itmakesdifficultthingsseemeasy.Likegettingalltherightanswersonthetest.Butitdoesn’tsolvetheproblemofnotknowingthematerialanditwon’thelponthenexttest---unlessthepersoncheatsagain.Somepeopleloserespectforcheatersandthinklessofthem.ThecheatersthemselvesmayfeelbadbecausetheyknowtheyarenotreallyearningthatgoodgradE.Andiftheygetcaughtcheatingtheywillbeintroubleatschoolandmaybeathometoo.Somekidscheatbecausetheyarebusyorlazyandtheywanttogetgoodgradeswithoutspendingthetimestudying.Otherkidsmightfeelliketheycan’tpassthetestwithoutcheatingevenwhenthereseemstobeagoodreasonforcheating.Ifyouweresickorupsetaboutsomethingthenightbeforeandcouldn’tstudyitwouldbebettertotalkwiththeteacheraboutthis.Andifyoudon’thaveenoughtimetostudyforatestbecauseofswimpracticeyouneedtotalkwithyourparentsabouthowtobalanceswimmingandschool.A.kidwhothinkscheatingistheonlywaytopassatestneedstotalkwiththeteacherandhisorherparentssotheycanfindsomesolutionstogether.Talkingabouttheseproblemsandworkingthemoutwillfeelbetterthancheating.31.Theauthorthinksthatwhenkidscheatinclass_________________.A.itisunfairtootherpeopleB.itdoesharmtotheirhealthC.teachersshouldpunishthemD.teachersshouldnotstopthem32.Somestudentslikecheatingmainlybecause_________________.A.thematerialinthetestisverydifficultB.theywanttodobetterthantheothersC.cheatingcanmakehardthingsseemveryeasyD.theyhavelittletimetostudytheirlessons33.Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsus________________.A.cheatingisn’tagoodideaB.whykidscheatinthetestC.somekidscan’tpassthetestwithoutcheatingD.somekidsdon’tspentthetimestudying34.Wecanlearnfromthepassage_________________.A.cheatersareoftenthoughthighlyofB.peopleshownorespectforthosewhocheatC.parentswhosekidscheatareoftenintroubleD.kidscheatinthetestbecauseofswimpractice35.Inthepassagethosecheatersareadvisedto________________.A.spendmoretimeonschoolthanonsportsB.findgoodsolutionsinsteadofcheatingC.tryhardtobeintelligentratherthanlazyD.asktheirclassmatesforgoodmethodsofstudy
Millionsoffamiliesaroundtheworldhavebeengivenahelpinghandoutofpoverty贫困bymicro-credits.Theseverysmallloans贷款usuallylessthanUS$200haveenabledtheverypoorestpeopletosetuporexpandbusinessesandbecomeself-sufficient.Themicro-creditmovementstartedwithProfessorMuhammadYunuswhofoundedtheGrameenBankinBangladesh.ProfessorYunuswhowonthe2006NobelPeacePrizeusedhisownmoneytosetupabanktobenefitthepoorestpeopleinBangladesh—familieslivingonlessthanUS$1aday.Therearenowhundredsoforganizationsaroundtheworldfollowinghisblueprinttohelppeopleescapefrompoverty.Sohowdoesthesystemwork?LocalmicrofinanceinstitutionsMFIsmakecontactwithfamiliesandofferloansusuallytowomentoenablethemtostartorexpandabusiness.Theseareverypoorpeoplewhowouldnotnormallybeabletogetcreditbutasnocollateral抵押品isrequiredtheycangetmicro-credits.Theypaybacktheloanonaweeklybasisoversixmonthstoayear.Averyimportantaspecttothesuccessofthemicro-creditsystemisthatreceiversgetlocalsupport.TheMFIseducatelocalcommunitiesaboutwaystoimprovetheirlivesandofferpracticalsupportaswellascollectingweeklyloanspayments.Theyencouragepeopletohelpeachothersothatthewholecommunitycanpullitselfoutofpoverty.MFIsmayalsohelpwithliteracyandhealthproblems.Micro-creditsaremainlygiventowomen.Experiencehasshownthatwomenaremoremotivatedtoimprovetheirchildren’slivesandwillspendthemoneytheymakeonbetternutritionandschoolingfortheirchildren.Thismaybethefirstchancethey’vehadtocontributefinanciallytothefamilyandtheirstatusinthehomeandthelocalcommunityisraiseD.Themicro-creditsystemisnotcharity.Thepaymentsarefixed-termloansandinterestischargeD.Thecostsofmakingsuchsmallloanscollectingthemandgivingpersonalsupportarehigh.Thisisshownintheinterestrateswhichrangefrom15to35percent.Despitethistherepaymentrateisveryhighbetween95and98percentshowingthatmicro-creditclientsreallyvaluethisopportunitytoleavepovertybehinD.66.Micro-creditsareofferedtothepoorestpeoplearoundtheworldinorderto________.A.makemoneyoutofthepoorB.supportpoorpeopleoutofpovertyC.setupmorecharityorganizationsD.encourageeconomicgrowthworldwide67.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemicro-creditsystem?A.Whoevercan’tafforddailynecessitieshaveaccesstotheloan.B.Applicantsarerequiredtoprovidecollateralwhenapplying.C.Micro-creditsareoperatedbycharityorganizationsworldwidE.D.MFIsofferpoorfamiliessmallloansbutchargethemmuchinterest.68.Bankloansaremainlymadetowomenbecause________.A.theymakemorefinancialcontributiontothefamilyB.theyholdhigherstatusinthehomeandcommunityC.theyaremorereliableandwillingtorepaytheloanD.theyaremorelikelytospendwhattheyearnontheirchildren69.Thehighrepaymentrateoftheloansuggeststhat________.A.peoplehopetotakeadvantageoftheloantogetoutofpovertyB.itiseasytomakemoneywiththeaidofmicro-creditsC.micro-creditsareverypopularwithpoorfamiliesD.allmicro-creditclientskeeptheirpromiseswell70.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfromthe________sectionofamagazinE.A.HealthB.BusinessC.FinanceD.Education
Thefather’sroleinthefamilyisimportant.Oneresearchersaysbabiescaredforbytheirfathershavegreatercognitive认知的developmentatoneyearofagethanbabiesnotcaredforbytheirfathers.Anotherexpertreportsthatbyspendingtimewiththeirpre-schoolchildrenfatherscanhelptodevelopchildren’slanguageability.Researchersalsopointoutthatforschool-agechildrenfathersareonelinkwiththeoutsideworlD.Fatherswhovalueeducationhavechildrenwhodobetterinschoolthanthosechildrenwhosefathersdon’tvalueeducation.What’smorefatherswhospendqualitytimewiththeirchildrenmaygivetheirchildrenhappymemorieswhichmaylastalifetimE.Whileeachfatherisauniquepersonwhoeducateschildreninhisownstylegoodfathershavesomethingincommon.Goodfathersattendtheirchildren’sschoolactivities.TheyalsoinvolvethechildrenintheirlivesandtheadultworldbytakingthemtoseetheworkplaceorbytakingthemwhenthecarneedstoberepairedetC.Goodfathersexpectagreatdealfromtheirchildrenbutalsoacceptandsupporttheuniqueindividualsthattheirchildrenarebecoming.GoodfathersrelyonexplanationsandreasoningratherthanforcE.Goodfathersknowtheirtimewithchildrenisreallyaninvestment投资inthem.Beinganinvolvedfatherisgoodforchildrenandgoodforfathers.Bothchildrenandfathershavetheopportunityforgrowthanddevelopment.Today’slifestylesarechanging.MoreandmorefathersarebalancingtheirpersonallifeworkandfamilytimE.51.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.howtobeaqualifiedfatherB.thegrowthanddevelopmentofbothfathersandchildrenC.thefather’sroleinthegrowthanddevelopmentofchildrenD.thechangingofthefather’sroleinmodernsociety52.Accordingtothepassagewecanfindthat________.A.fathershaveanimportantinfluenceontheirchildrenfrominfancythroughadulthoodB.fathers’involvementisthemostimportantfactorinchildren’sdevelopmentC.allfathershavethesamewayofeducatingtheirchildrenD.fathersaremoreimportantthanmothersinthefamily53.Theunderlinedpartinthethirdparagraphmeansapersonwho________.A.hasthesameideasasothersB.istheonlyoneofhistypeC.doeseverythingwithoutconsideringothers’opinionsD.triestodoeverythingwell54.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?A.Goodfathersattendtheirchildren’sschoolactivitiesbutnevertakethemtotheirworkplacE.B.GoodfathersexpectagreatdealfromtheirchildrenandforcethemtoworkharD.C.Goodfatherstrytomakeitcleartotheirchildrenthatstayingwiththeirfathersisaninvestment.D.Goodfathersimprovethemselveswhentheyspendtimewiththeirchildren.55.Accordingtothepassagefathers’involvementintheirchildren’slivesmayNOTresultin________.A.thegoodfateoftheirchildrenB.betterreadinglevelsoftheirchildrenC.happymemorieswhichmaylastalifetimeD.greatercognitivedevelopmentoftheirchildren
RecentlymanypeoplehavebeguntotryanewwayofdoingshoppingthroughtheInternet.Theyareveryinterestedinit.Whyisitbecomingmoreandmorepopularnow?Therearesomereasons.FirstmoreandmorepeoplehavetheirowncomputersandtheircomputerscanbejoinedwiththeInternet.SoitispossibleformanyofthemtodoshoppingthroughtheInternet.SecondshoppingthroughtheInternetcansavethemsomemoneyandalotoftimE.Thirdtheydon'tneedtogototheshopthemselves.Becauseofthesegoodfactsfewpeoplerefuseit.Ontheotherhandsomepeopledon'tlikethisnewwayofshopping.TheyareworriedaboutthesafetyofshoppingonlinE.CustomerscanonlyseethepicturesofaproductontheInternet.Andtheycan'tenjoythepleasureofbuyingthingsinalargesupermarketorawonderfulshoppingcenter.Thesearethereasonswhytheydonotlikeit.ButIthinkmoreandmorepeoplewilllikethisnewkindofshoppinginthefuturE.65.Manypeopleareinterestedin______onlinE.A.watchingTVB.readingC.studyingD.shopping66.Fromthefirstparagraphweknow______.A.noonelikesbuyingthingsonlineB.moreandmorepeopledon'tlikeshoppingthroughtheInternetC.shoppingontheInternetismoreandmorepopularD.TherearenoadvantagesaboutshoppingontheInternet67.PeoplelikedoingshoppingontheInternetbecauseitcan______.A.savetheirmoneyandtimeB.helpthemmakealotofmoneyC.beveryeasyD.helpthemsavetime68.Somepeopledon'tlikeshoppingonlinebecausethey______.A.havetopaymoremoneyB.mustsendtheirmoneyfirstonlineC.don'thaveenoughtimeD.areworriedaboutthesafetyofshoppingonline69.What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Whydon'tpeoplelikegoingshopping?B.ShoppingthroughtheInternetisverypopular.C.Howdopeopleshopwithlittlemoney?D.Chinesepeopledon'tlikeshoppingontheInternet.
Afloodoccurswhenwateristoomuch.Thiscanhappeninmanyways.Mostcommoniswhenriversrunoutoftheirbanks.Toomuchrainabrokendamiceinthemountainschangingintowaterorevenanunfortunatelyplaceddamcanbreakdownariverandsenditspreadingoverthenearbylandcalledafloodplain.CoastalfloodingoccurswhenalargestormcausestheseatopushinlandharD.MostfloodstakehoursorevendaystodevelopgivingpeopleenoughtimetoprepareorleavE.Otherscomequicklywithlittlewarning.Theseflashfloodscanbeextremelydangerousimmediatelyturningariverintoathunderingwallofwaterandsweepingeverythinginitspathdown.DisasterexpertsdividefloodsintodifferenttypesaccordingtotheirpossibilityofoccurringinagiventimeperioD.A.hundred-yearfloodforexampleisanextremelylargeharmfuleventthatwouldtheoretically理论上beexpectedtohappenonlyonceeverycentury.Butthisisatheoreticalnumber.Inrealitythisclassification分类meansthereisaone-percentchancethatsuchafloodcouldhappeninanygivenyear.Overrecenttenyearspossiblyduetoglobalclimatechangehundred-yearfloodshavebeenoccurringworldwideprettyregularly.Movingwaterhasterriblyharmfulpower.Whenariverrushesoutofitsbanksortheseadrivesinlandbuildingspoorlyequippedtoresist抵抗thewater’sstrengtharenomatch.Bridgeshousestreesandcarscanbepickedupandcarriedoff.Whenfloodwatersbecomeweaktheaffectedareasareoftencoveredwithmud泥.Thewaterandlandcanbepollutedwithdangerousmaterialssuchasrubbishindustrialpollutionanddirtywater.Peopleoffloodedareascanbeleftwithoutpowerandcleandrinkingwaterleadingtodangerouswaterbornediseases.Butfloodingparticularlyinriverfloodplainsisasnaturalasrainandhasbeenoccurringformillionsofyears.63.Paragraph1mainlytellsus.A.whatafloodplainisB.howafloodformsC.howoftenafloodhappensD.whycoastalfloodingtakesplace64.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Mostfloodsdoharmtohumans.B.DangerousfloodsdevelopslowlyC.FlashfloodshavestrongdestructiveforcE.D.Mostfloodscomewithoutanysign.65.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedfollowingthepassage?A.TerriblefloodsintheworldB.Themeansofpreventingfloods.C.Theconnectionbetweenrainsandfloods.D.FamousriverfloodplainsliketheMississippivalley66.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?A.A.sciencebookB.A.popularmagazineC.A.weatherreportD.A.travelguide
Peoplearen’twalkinganymore---iftheycanfigureoutawaytoavoidit.IfeltsuperioraboutthismatteruntiltheotherdayItookmycartomailasmallparcel.Thejourneyisamatterof281steps.ButIusedthecar.AndIwasn’tinahurryeitherIhadmerelybecomeonemorevictimofanationalsickness:motorosis.ItisanillnesstowhichIhadthoughtmyselfimmuneforIwasbredinthetraditionofgoingtoplacesonmyowntwolegs.Atthattimeweregarded25milesasgoodday’swalkandtheabilitytocoversuchadistanceintenhoursassignofstrengthandskill.Itdidnotoccurtousthatwalkingwasahardship.Andtheeffectwaslasting.WhenIwas45yearsoldIraced–andbeat—ateenagefootballplayerthe168stepsuptheStatureofLiberty.Suchenterprisestodayareregardedbymanymiddle-agedpersonsasbadfortheheart.Butawell-knownBritishphysicianSirAdolpheAbrhamspointedoutrecentlythatheartsandbodiesneedproperismorelikelytohaveillnessesthanonewhoexercisesregularly.Andwalkingisanidealformofexercise---themostfamiliarandnaturalofall.ItwasHenryThoreauwhoshowedmankindtherichnessofgoingonfoot.ThemanwalkingcanlearnthetreesflowerinsectsbirdsandanimalsthesignificanceofseasonstheveryfeelofhimselfasalivingcreatureinalivingworldHecannotlearninacar.ThecarisaconvenientmeansoftransportbutwehavemadeitourwayoflifE.Manypeopledon’tdaretoapproachNatureanymore;tothemtheworldtheywereborntoenjoyisallthreat.TothemsecurityisasteelriverthunderingonaconcreteroaD.Andmuchoftheirthinkingtakesplacewhilewaitingforthetrafficlighttoturngreen.Isaythatthegreenofforestsisthemind’sbestlight.Andnonebutthemanonfootcanevaluatewhatisbasicandeverlasting.33.Whatisthenationalsickness?A.DrivingcarstoomuchB.WalkingtoomuchC.TravelingtoomuchD.Climbingstairstoomuch.34.Whatwaslifelikewhentheauthorwasyoung?A.peopleoftenwalked25milesadayB.PeopleusedtoclimbtheStatueofLiberty.C.peopleconsideredaten-hourwalkasahardship.D.Peopleusuallywentaroundonfoot.35.Whatistheauthor’sintentionofwritingthispassage?A.TotellpeopletoreflectmorelifE.B.ToencouragepeopletoreturntowalkingC.TorecommendpeopletogiveupdrivingD.Toadvisepeopletodooutdooractivities
ExpertsbelievetherearehugeamountsofgasandoilintheArctiC.ForsomeyearsindustrieshavelookedattheongoingArcticicemeltingasasourceofpossibleprofitsfromthosenaturalresources.Butresearcherssaymethane甲烷gaswillescapeinamountsnotseenbeforeasthepermafrost永久冻土melts.Andthatscientistssaycouldcosttheworldtrillionsofdollars.ResearchersfromBritain’sUniversityofCambridgeandtheNetherlands’ErasmusUniversityRotterdamlookedatstudiesofmethanegasreleasesintheEastSiberianSeA.Theythoughtthatthereleaseof50billiontonsofmethaneovertenyearscouldresultina60trilliondollareconomicloss.Thesizeofthetotalworldeconomyiscurrentlyabout70trillion.ChrisHopeoftheUniversityofCambridgeisanexpertintheeconomicsofclimatechangE.Heco-wrotethereport.HesaysTheimpactswillbefeltabout80percentindevelopingcountriesandonlyabout20percentinthecountriesliketheUSandtheEuropeanUnionwhichareratherbetteroff.Forexamplehesaysproductivefarmingmaybecomeimpossibleinpartsofsub-SaharanAfricawhereproductionisalreadylow.AndhesaysrisingsealevelsandincreasingstormscouldcausedamageinplaceslikeBangladesh.HecallsforsuchcostlypossibilitiestobeconsideredwhengovernmentsandindustriesexploreArcticdevelopment.ChrisHopesaysinthepastpeoplehaveexpectedgoodthingstocomefromArcticicemelting.Thisincludedincreasedshippingthroughtheareaandmoreexplorationforresources.ButMrHopewarnsthebadwilloutweighthegooD.HesaysPeoplehavesaidtheremightwellbesomebillionsofdollars’worthofbenefitfromthat.Whatwearesayingis‘yesthatmaybetrue’butthenegativeeffectswillnotjustbebillionsofdollars;theyarelikelytobetensoftrillionsofdollars.Co-authorPeterWadhamsistheleaderofthepolaroceanphysicsgroupattheUniversityofCambridgE.Hesaysthereleaseofmethanecouldbedisastrous.Hesaysthepowerfulgreenhousegasisresponsiblefor25percentofglobalwarming.Yethesaysthereislittlethatcanbedonerightnowtopreventthemethaneleaks.MrWadhamssaysthegovernmentandinternationalgroupsshouldbeinvestingmoneyandresourcestowardfindingasolution.HesaysscientistsarealongwayfromtherE.71.AccordingtoParagraph1asArcticicemeltswhatdoresearchersbelieve?A.Industriescangreatlybenefitfromit.B.Thewholeworldwillbenefitfromit.C.Itwillsatisfyourdemandforgas.D.ItcouldcosttheworldabigfortunE.72.AccordingtowhatChrisHopesaidaboutclimatechangeweknowthatdevelopingcountries__________?A.mayhavetodependonproductivefarmingforprofits.B.canexpectgoodthingstocomefromtheArcticicemelting.C.willbemuchmoreseverelyinfluencedthandevelopedones.D.won’tsufferfromrisingsealevelsasmuchasdevelopedones.73.ItisimpliedinParagraph4thatgovernmentsandindustries__________?A.havealreadycausedgreatdamagetotheArctiC.B.willstopexploringtheArcticfornaturalresources.C.shouldthinktwicebeforetheyexploreArcticdevelopment.D.arenotinterestedinexploringtheArcticfornaturalresources.74.AccordingtoPeterWadhamswhycouldthereleaseofmethanebedisastrous?A.Becauseitcouldleadtoglobalwarming.B.BecauseitcouldthreatenlivesintheArctiC.C.Becauseitcouldleadtomanynaturaldisasters.D.Becauseitcanimmediatelycausetheicetomelt.75.WecaninferfromwhatPeterWadhamssaidinthelastparagraphthat__________?A.scientistsareunwillingtogototheArctictodoresearchtherE.B.internationalgroupsaredoingtheirbesttopreventthemethaneleaks.C.scientistscannotfindasolutiontothemethaneleaksintheArcticnow.D.themethaneleaksintheArctichaveattractedalotofattentionintheworlD.
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