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TherearegoodSantasandtherearebadSantas.ThegoodSantasallrealizeonething:InthemindofachildSantaClausisperfect.That’sdifficult.AndsotheycomefromaroundtheworldtoattendtheCharlesW.HowardSchoolinMidlandMich.Theschooloffersathree-day40-hourcourseforSantashopingtobeexcellent.There’sarealrangetowhatSantasearnfrombigbucksforlargeeventstonopayforcharities①.Onethingforthemallisapureloveforchildren.A.formerMacy’sSantanamedCharlesHowardfoundedtheMichiganschoolin1937.Manypeoplewillthinkifyouhaveasuitandyou’reaSantasaidTomValenttheschool’scurrentdean.It’smorethanthat.Sowithapetreindeer②hisproperlynamedwifeHollyandaworkshopfullofwonder.TheschoolteacheseverythingfrombreathingtechniquesforcarolsingingtothebeardmaintenancE.Therearelessonsinchildpsychologysignlanguageandevenmediatrainingfortalk-showappearancesandcall-inshows.Santasalsoneedtomakesuretheyknowallthenamesofthereindeer.What’shardertodealwithhoweverischildrenwhoaskforChristmasgiftslikebringingdaddyhomeormakingmommyhappyagain.AfterspendingtimeintheclassroomWeirwenttothemalltotesthistraining.Howeveratonepointhishatfelloffandhewasunsurehowtoreact.You’retherealSantaValentsaiD.PickthathatupslipitbackonkeepsmilinganddoyourjoB.You’vegottostayontopofyourgamE.Eventhelastoneatnightwhenyou’retiredyou’vegottoremember:Thisone’sforeversodoagoodjoB.Notes:charityn.慈善慈善团体reindeern.驯鹿AccordingtothepassagegoodSantasshouldbetheonesthat________.A.canofferthechildrensomegiftsB.helpadultslookaftertheirchildrenC.haveabilitytomakechildrenhappyD.shouldbeperfectinthemindofchildrenTheunderlinedwordsbigbucksshouldreferto________.A.lotsofmoneyB.manygiftsC.lovesforchildrenD.giftsfromchildrenTheMichiganschoolwasfoundedbyCharlesHowardwiththepurposeto________.A.trainthepetreindeerfortheSantasB.earnedmoneyfromitsstudentsC.trainperfectSantasfortheworldD.showtheworld’sconcerntothepoorAccordingtoWeir’sperformancewecanconcludethat________.A.WeirwasshortofexperienceB.WeirwasnotfitforthejobasaSantaC.WeirdidverybadlyinthegameD.Weirwasnotagoodstudentinschool
Nopoemshouldeverbediscussedoranalyzeduntilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeoneteacherorstudent.Betterstillperhapsisthepracticeofreadingittwiceonceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheendsothesoundofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.AlldiscussionsofpoetryareinfactpreparationsforreadingitaloudandthereadingofthepoemisfinallythemosttellinginterpretationofitsuggestingtonerhythmandmeaningallatoncE.HearingapoetreadtheworkinhisorherownvoiceonrecordsoronfilmisobviouslyaspecialrewarD.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitorbestofallrecitingit.Ihavecometothinkinfactthattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthananalyzingitifthereisn’ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryisacriticismoflifeandaheightening提升oflife.Itisanapproachtothetruthoffeelinganditcansaveyourlife.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon’tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelsE.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnatureaboutitssoundaswellasitssenseandtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit.Tohaveabetterunderstandingofapoemoneshould________.A.discussitwithothersB.analyzeitbyoneselfC.copyitdowninanotebookD.practisereadingitaloudWhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasafunctionofpoetry?A.ExtendingyourlifeB.SavingyourlifeC.CriticizinglifeD.HeighteninglifeAccordingtothewriteroneofthepurposesofteachingEnglishistogetstudents________.A.tounderstandlifE.B.toenjoypoetry.C.tobecometeachers.D.tobecomepoetsWhatdoesthelastsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?A.Morestressshouldbelaidontheteachingofpoetry.B.Poetryismoreimportantthananyothersubject.C.OnecannotenjoylifefullywithoutanunderstandingofpoetryD.PoetryisthefoundationofalllanguageandliteraturecoursesThephrasemakeroominthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedbyA.buildaboothB.provideequipmentC.leaveacertainamountoftimeD.setasideenoughspace
UpuntilaboutfiveyearsagostudentsatthisschoolcouldhavewornanythingtheywantedonHalloweensaidRosemarieNielsonasixth-gradeteacheratSt.TheresaSchoolaRomanCatholicelementaryschoolinthePelhamBaysectionoftheBronxwherethereisaprohibitionontoyweapons.Whenyouconsiderallthehorrificthingsthathavehappenedinrecentyearsincluding9/11Ican’tblameanyschoolforwantingtostayawayfromanythingthatmightpromoteviolenceMs.NielsonsaiD.MaryEllenManniellowhosedaughterCourtney9isafourthgraderatSt.GabrielSchoolaRomanCatholicelementaryschoolintheRiverdalesectionoftheBronxsaidsheunderstoodwhyofficialshadbannedweaponswithcostumes.They’relearningmoreaboutgunsfromissuesinthestreetthaneducationalissues.ThisyeartheschoolhasgoneonestepfurtherandisprohibitingallcostumesatitsHalloweenfestivities.Ms.Manniellosaidithadbecomeachaoticscenewithparentshelpingtheirchildrenchangeintotheircostumesatschool.Someparentssaidtheno-weaponspolicyforHalloweencostumeswenttoofaranddeniedchildrenachancetoexpressthemselves.Halloweenhasalwaysbeentheonedaywhenitwasacceptableforourchildrentobedressedlikesomebodytheyarenotlikeacowboyorapirateorapersonfromouterspaceandnowwe’retakingthatawayfromthemsaidLauraSantoroanursefromNewMilfordConn.whose7-year-oldsonJohnnyisasecondgraderatNorthvilleElementarySchooltherE.Ms.SantorosaidthathersonwoulddressasCapt.JackSparrowthecharacterplayedbyJohnnyDeppinthePiratesoftheCaribbeanmoviesattheschool’sHalloweenpartybutthathewouldnotbeallowedtotakeasword—partofapolicythatcaughtherbysurpriselastHalloween.IsentmysontoschoollastyeardressedasaspecialforcePowerRangerandhewastoldthathecouldn’ttakealonghisredlaserblasterwhichreallysurprisedmebecausethelaserisredandmadeofplasticandlightsupanditcouldnevereverbemistakenforarealgunMs.SantorosaiD.ImeancomeonthewholethingisgettingreallysaD.68.Whatdoyouthinkisthewriter’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Tointroducetothepublictheno-weaponspolicyforHalloweencostumes.B.Tostateparents’attitudestowardstheno-weaponspolicyforHalloweencostumes.C.TotellthepublicthatchildrenshouldbringanyweaponsforHalloweencostumes.D.Toanalyzethefactthattheno-weaponspolicyforHalloweencostumesgoestoofar.69.Accordingtothepassagesomeparentsunderstandtheno-weaponpolicyforHalloweencostumesbecause____________.A.schoolsshouldtakeacautiousapproachtoHalloweentopreventviolencE.B.childrenarebuyingrealgunsinthestreetandthereisalwaysviolencenow.C.thoseparentsliketohelptheirchildrenchangeintotheircostumesatschool.D.childrenarelearningmoreaboutgunsfromeducationalissues.70.Whichofthefollowingisprobablyrightaccordingtothepassage?A.Childrencouldbringanyweaponsintoschoolfiveorsixyearsago.B.Theparentssurveyedarethosewhosechildrenareinelementaryschools.C.GunsarenecessaryonHalloweenforchildrentoexpressthemselves.D.JackSparrowisanactorwhoatonetimeactedasapirateinamoviE.71.Whatdotheunderlinedwordslaserblasterinthelastparagraphreferto?A.A.kindofcostumE.B.A.realgun.C.A.toyweapon.D.A.kindofplastiC.
Theimpressionyoumakeatthebeginningofaninterviewisveryimportant.Employersoftendecidetohiresomeoneinthefirstthreeminutesoftheinterview.Theyjudgeyoubyyourappearanceattitude态度andmanners.A.friendlysmilewhenyouwalkintotheroomisimportant.A.smileshowsaconfident自信的andpositiveattitudE.Whenyouintroduceyourselfmakeeyecontactwiththeinterviewer.SomeinterviewersofferahandshakE.Othersdon’t.TrytobeasnaturalaspossiblE.ButpayattentiontoyourbodylanguagE.ThewayyousitwalkgestureuseyourvoiceandshowfeelingsonyourfaceisallpartofyourbodylanguagE.Itmakestheinterviewerknowhowyoufeelaboutyourselfandthesituationyouarein.Areyoufeelingpositivelyaboutyourself?Yourabilities?Yourinterestinthejob?Speakclearlyandloudlyenough.ShowinterestandenthusiasminyourvoicE.Whenyouspeaklookattheinterviewer.Alsodon’tsaynegativethingsaboutyourselforformeremployer.Listentoquestionscarefully.Ifyoudon’tunderstandaquestionasktheinterviewertorepeatorexplainI’msorrybutIdidn’tcatchthat.I’mnotsureexactlywhatyoumean.Almosteveryoneisnervousinajobinterview.Interviewersknowthat.Theydon’texpectyoutobetotallycalmandrelaxeD.Buttheyexpectyoutotrytocontrolyournervousness.TheyexpectyoutoshowconfidenceinyourabilitytodothejoB.AttheendoftheinterviewthanktheinterviewerforherorhistimE.It’sagoodideatosendashortthank-youletterrightaftertheinterviewordeliveritbyhanD.Phonethecompanyifyouhavenotheardanythingafteroneweek.AskiftheyhavemadeadecisionaboutthejoB.Goodluck！Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.A.youshouldalwaysputonasmilewhenmeetingtheemployerB.youshouldstandstillwithrespectbeforetheemployerC.thefirstimpressionisveryimportantinaninterviewD.employersunderstandandlikeemployees’nervousnessWhyshouldwepayattentiontoourbodylanguage?A.Becauseitcanhelpuswintheemployer’spositiveimpression.B.Becauseitcanhelpusfeelabouttheemployer.C.Becauseitisneededbyouremployer.D.Becauseweneedittoimproveourfeelings.Themainpurposeofthepassageis______.A.togiveyousomeadviceontheartoffindingajobB.totellrightfromwrongaboutjobinterviewsC.toexplainwhyweshoulddosomethingaboutaninterviewD.tosuggestnotbeingshyinaninterviewWhichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.A.FriendlySmileB.MakingaGoodExpressionC.Don’tBeNervousD.SendingaThank-YouLetter
Havingoneofthosedaysorweeks—wheneverythingseemstoannoyyou?EvenifyoudonothingaboutityourbadmoodwillprobablygoawayaftersometimE.Butwithalittleeffortyoucanforgetitmuchfaster—oftenwithinadayortwo.WalkitoffExerciseisthemostpopularbad-moodbuster.A.personwho’sinabadmoodhaslowenergyandhightension.Takingafastten-minutewalkordoingsomequickexercisescandowonderstowardschangingthatbadmooD.TuneitoutListeningtoyourfavoritemusicforawhilecanalsomaketensiongoawayquicklybecausemusicstartsassociationswithpastpositiveexperienceswe’vehaD.GiveyourselfapeptalkStopandlistentowhat’sonyourminD.Badmoodsareoftenstartedbytoomanynegativethoughts.Writethemalldownonpaper;thepessimistic悲观的messagesyou’vebeengivingyourselfandthengiveoptimisticanswers.Istilldon’thaveajoB.vsIhavetwointerviewsnextweek.ReduceyourstressRelaxationtechniquesarewonderfulmood-lifters.Theseincludedeepbreathingstretchingandvisualizing想象allofwhichsoundcomplicatedbutaren’t.Oneeasywaytovisualize:closeyoureyesandpictureafavoriteplacesuchasthebeach.Anothersimplewaytoagainstdistressistomakeato-dolist.Onereasonforbeinginabadmoodisfeelingyouhavenooptions选择权Bytakingcontrolovercertainareasyourealizeyou’renothelpless.YoucanmakechangesinyourmoodandlifE.Avoidthingsthatwon’timproveyourmoodTVmaynothelpmuch:Youneedtoincreaseyourenergylevelandstimulateyourmindsomething—thattheTVshowNeighborswon’tdo.AndbeforeyoureachforthatpieceofcakeandcoffeethinkabouthowmoodandfoodarelinkeD.Sugarandcaffeinecontributetodepressedmoods.Thebetterchoice?Researchshowsthatcarbohydratessuchaspotatoesandpastaproduceacalmingeffectinpeoplewhohaveadesireforthem.Welearnfromthetextthatitmighthelpridusofabadmood________.A.todonothingaboutitB.totakealongwalkonthebeachC.todosomeexerciseswithlightmusicD.totalkittoneighboursWhyisitsuggestedthatyoucloseyoureyesandpicturethebeach?A.Itisnotcomplicatedtodoso.B.ItisanareatobeeasilycontrolleD.C.IthelpsbeatabadmooD.D.ItbringsusanewtechniquE.TVmaynotimproveyourmoodbecause________.A.itsometimesshowswhathappensaroundyouB.itkeepsyoustayunmovedC.itremindsyouofeatinganddrinkingD.itproducesacalmingeffectThistextmostprobablyappearsin________.A.abookonphysicalexercisesB.adoctor’shandbookC.anoticeD.amagazine
第三部分阅读理解共20题每小题2分满分40分RecentlytestshaveprovedthatBeethovendiedfromleadpoisoning.BillWalshdirectedtheBeethovenResearchProject.Mr.WalshandhisteamexaminedpiecesofbonebelongingtoBeethoven.Theyfoundalargeamountofleadinthebonepieces.Theysaidtheleadlevelswereequaltothosefoundinpiecesofhishairinearlierstudiesofotherscientists.GenetictestsprovedthebonepiecesandhishaircamefromBeethoven.TheresearchalsoexaminedbonefragmentsfromsomeoneelsewholivedduringthesameperioD.Bothwerefromthetopoftheskull.ThefragmentsfromBeethovenhadmoreleadthanthosefromotherperson.Theirstudydidn’tfindmeasurablelevelsofcadmium镉ormercury汞whichscientistsusedtoconsiderwerethecausesofhishealthproblems.BeethovenwassickformuchofhislifE.Heexperiencedstrongstomachpainsasignofleadpoisoningandachangeofpersonalitywhenhewasaround20.healsogotangryeasilyandsufferedfromdepressionandhearingloss.Hishealthproblemsbecameworseashegrewolder.Walshsaidtheleadlevelsfoundinhisskullsuggestedthatthemetalmighthavebeenpresentinhisbodyformanyyears.Hesaidalthoughtherehadbeenrecognizedcasesofdeafnesscausedbyleadpoisoningtherewasnostrongevidencetosuggestthatleadpoisoningwasthecauseofhisdeafness.BeethovenvisitedmanydoctorstofindacureforhishealthproblemsinaletterhewrotetoafriendheurgedresearcherstoexaminehisbodyafterhediedsothatotherpeoplewouldnothavetosufferashediD.61.Iftoomuchleadisinaperson’sbodyhewill______.A.sufferhearinglossB.getangryeasilyC.sufferseriousstomachpainsD.losemostofhishair62.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat_______.A.thisisthefirstresearchintothecauseofBeethoven’sdeathB.anyamountofleadwilldogreatharmtopeople’shealthC.moreleadwasfoundinBeethoven’sbonesthaninhishairD.scientistsusedtothinkthathisdeathwascausedbyothermetalsinsteadoflead63.Inwhichsectionofthenewspapermightyoureadthisreport?A.Health.B.Technology.C.Entertainment.D.CulturE.64.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.A.surprisingdiscoveryaboutBeethovenB.BeethovendiedfromleadpoisoningC.Lead---akillermetalforhumanbeingsD.NewexaminationofBeethoven’body
Therewasastorymanyyearsagoofaschoolteacher---Mrs.Thompson.ShetoldthechildrenonthefirstdaythatshelovedthemallthesamE.ButthatwasaliE.ThereinthefrontrowwasalittleboynamedTeddyStoddarD.Hedidn’tplaywellwiththeotherchildrenandhealwaysneededabath.Shedidnotlikehim.ThenMrs.ThompsongottoknowthatTeddywasactuallyaverygoodboybeforethedeathofhismother.Mrs.Thompsonwasashamedofherself.ShefeltevenworsewhenlikeallherotherstudentsTeddybroughtheraChristmaspresenttoo.Itwashismother’sperfume香水TeddysaidMrs.ThompsontodayyousmelljustlikemyMomusedto.Afterthechildrenleftshecriedforatleastanhour.Onthatverydayshestoppedteachingreadingwritingandmath.Insteadshebegantoteachchildren.Mrs.ThompsonpaidparticularattentiontoTeddy.Theboy’smindseemedtocomealivE.ThemoresheencouragehimthefasterheimproveD.BytheendofthesixthgradeTeddyhadbecomeoneofthesmartestchildrenintheclass.SixyearswentbybeforeshegotanotefromTeddy.Hewrotethathehadfinishedhighschoolthirdinhisclassandshewasstillthebestteacherheeverhadinhiswholelift.HewenttocollegE.Mrs.ThompsongottwomorelettersfromhimwiththelastonesignedTheodoreF.StoddardM.D.医学博士.Thestorydoesn’tendtherE.OnhisweddingdayDr.StoddardwhisperedinMrs.Thompson’searThankyouMrs.ThompsonforbelievinginmE.YoumademefeelimportantandshowedmethatIcouldmakeadifferencE.Mrs.ThompsonwithtearsinhereyeswhisperedbackTeddyyouhaveitallwrong.YouweretheonewhotaughtmethatIcouldmakeadifferencE.Ididn’tknowhowtoteachuntilImetyou.41.WhatdidMrs.Thompsondoonthefirstdayofschool?A.ShemadeTeddyfeelashameD.B.SheaskedthechildrentoplaywithTeddy.C.ShechangedTeddy’sseattothefrontrow.D.Shetoldtheclasssomethinguntrueaboutherself.42.WhatdidMrs.ThompsonfindoutaboutTeddy?A.Heoftentoldlies.B.Hewasgoodatmath.C.HeneededmotherlycarE.D.Heenjoyedplayingwithothers.43.InwhatwaydidMrs.Thompsonchange?A.Shetaughtfewerschoolsubjects.B.Shebecamestricterwithherstudents.C.Shenolongerlikedherjobasateacher.D.Shecaredmoreabouteducatingstudents.44.WhydidTeddythankMrs.Thompsonathiswedding?A.Shehadkeptintouchwithhim.B.Shehadgivenhimencouragement.C.ShehadsenthimChristmaspresents.D.ShehadtaughthimhowtojudgepeoplE.
InafewyearsyoumightbeabletospeakChineseKoreanJapaneseFrenchandEnglish—andallatthesametimE.ThissoundsincrediblebutAlexWaibelacomputerscienceprofessoratUS'sCarnegieMellonUniversityCMUandGermany'sUniversityofKarlsruheannouncedlastweekthatitmaysoonbereality.Heandhisteamhaveinventedsoftwareandhardwarethatcouldmakeitfareasierforpeoplewhospeakdifferentlanguagestounderstandeachother.OneapplicationcalledLectureTranslationcaneasilytranslateaspeechfromonelanguageintoanother.Currenttranslationtechnologiestypicallylimitspeakerstocertaintopicsoralimitedvocabulary.UsersalsohavetobetrainedhowtousetheprogrammE.Anotherprototype雏形机cansendtranslationsofaspeechtodifferentlistenersdependingonwhatlanguagetheyspeak.ItislikehavingasimultaneoustranslatorrightnexttoyoubutwithoutdisturbingthepersonnexttoyouWaibelsaiD.Prefertoread?So-calledTranslationGlassestranscribe转录thetranslationsonatinyliquid-crystal液晶displayLCDscreen.Thenthere'stheMuscleTranslator.Electrodescapturetheelectricalsignalsfromfacialmusclemovementsmadenaturallywhenapersonismouthingwords.Thesignalsarethentranslatedintospeech.Theelectrodescouldbereplacedwithwirelesschipsimplantedinaperson'sfaceaccordingtoresearchers.DuringademonstrationheldlastThursdayinCMU'sPittsburghcampusaChinesestudentnamedStanJouhad11tinyelectrodesattachedtothemusclesofhischeeksneckandthroat.Thenhemouthed—withoutspeakingaloud—afewwordsinMandarin普通话totheaudiencE.A.fewsecondslaterthephrasewasdisplayedonacomputerscreenandspokenoutbythecomputerinEnglishandSpanish:LetmeintroduceournewprototypE.Thisparticulargadget器械whenfullydevelopedmightallowanyonetospeakinanynumberoflanguagesorasWaibelputittoswitchyourmouthtoaforeignlanguage.Theideabehindtheuniversity'sprototypesistocreate‘goodenough’bridgesforcross-culturalexchangesthatarebecomingmorecommonintheworldWaibelsaiD.Withspontaneous自发的translatorsforeigndriversinGermanycouldlistentotrafficwarningsontheradiotouristsinChinacouldreadallthesignsandtalkwithlocalpeopleandleadersofdifferentcountriescouldhavesecrettalkswithoutanyinterpreterstherE.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisnotTRUE?A.A.lecturetranslationcantranslatewhatyousaidintootherlanguageseasily.B.ThereisnoMuscleTranslatorintheworldnow.C.MuscleTranslatorscantranslatewhatyouthinkintospeechifyoujustmoveyourmouth.D.Thespontaneoustranslatorswillhelpusalot.WhatkindofequipmentisNOTmentionedinthispassage?A.LectureTranslation.B.MuscleTranslator.C.MultipleTranslator.D.TranslationPrototypE.What'sthefinaldestinationofinventingthelanguagetranslators?A.Tomakeculturalexchangesbetweendifferentcountrieseasier.B.Tohelpstudentslearnforeignlanguagesmoreeasily.C.Tomakepeopleliveinforeigncountriesmorecomfortably.D.TohelppeoplelearnmoreforeignlanguagesinthefuturE.Wherecanthispassageprobablyexcerptedfrom?A.A.newspaper.B.A.magazineonsciencE.C.A.fairytalE.D.A.scientificfantasybook.
TheA-levelquestionHave22continuousyearsofrisesinA-levelpassratemadetheexamworthless?DavidMilibandtheministerforSchoolStandardsinsiststheanswerisafirmno.Andhesaiditwaswrongthatmorewillmeanworseandmoreeduca??tionformorepeoplewillmeanlowerstandards.Figuresshowthat—despitetheriseinA-gradesto21.6percent—only22000outof60000018-year-oldsgainthreeA-gradepas??ses.Putanotherwaythatmeans—inaprimaryclassof30pupils—onlyonewillgetthreeA-grades.ThecenterrightBowGroupinapamphletpublishedtodayhoweversaysnineoutoftenscholarsbelieveA-gradeshavebeendevaluedoverthepasttenyears.Twoinquiries调查—bothsetupbytheGovernment’sexamswatchdogs—oneofwhichincludedin??dependentteachingexpertsrefusedtoacceptthattherehadbeenanydumpingdownofA-levelstandards.Butwhiletheyconcludethattheexamquestionshavenotbecomeeasierchangesinexaminingmethodshavealmostcertainlymadeiteasiertogaintop-gradepasses.Asaresultoftheexamsshake-upintroducedin2000studentssitsixdifferenttypesofexamstomakeupanA-levelduringthecourseoftheirtwoyearsofstudy.Only20percentofthemarksaresetfortheend-of-termexam.Thismakesiteasierforteacherstohelptheirpupilswiththerightanswers.MrMilibandsaidyesterdayMyargumentisnotthatto??day‘sgenerationofpupilsareclevererthantheirparents;itisthatschoolsandteachersaregettingbetteratgettingthebestoutofthem.5.Fromthewriter’spointofviewtheriseinA-gradesto21.6percentshows______.A.itisgenerallythoughtmoreeducationmeanslowerstandardsB.theriseintheA-levelpassratehasmadetheexamworthlessC.thequalityofthe18-year-oldshasbecomelowerD.itisstillhardforthegeneralpupilstogetthreeA-gradepasses6.Theunderlinedwordtheyinthesecondparagraphrefersto______.A.theexamswatchdogsB.theindependentteachingexpertsC.theA-levelstandardsD.thetwoinquiries7.Asaresultoftheexamsshake-upintroducedin2000______.A.thepassrateforA-levelswassettorisecontinuouslyB.theexambecameeasierthanithadbeenbefore2000C.pupilscouldhavemanymorechoicesoftestafter2000D.itsoonbecamepopularwithteachersandpupils8.Whatdoesthispassagemainlydiscuss?A.HowreliableandeffectivetheA-levelgradingsystemis.B.HowtheA-levelsystemhelpsuniversitiesselectpupils.C.Howthepassratehasbeenincreasedinrecentyears.D.HowtheA-levelgradingsystemhaschangedovertheyears.
Whenanemergencysituationoccursobserversaremorelikelytotakeactioniftherearefewornootherwitnesses.Thisphenomenonisreferredtoasthebystandereffect.ThebystandereffectisalsocalledtheGenoveseeffectwhichwasnamedafterCatherineKittyGenoveseA.youngwomanwhowasmurderedonMarch131964.Earlyinthemorning28-year-oldGenovesewasreturninghomefromwork.Assheapproachedherapartmententranceshewasattackedandstabbed刺byamanlateridentifiedasWinstonMoseley.DespiteGenovese]srepeatedcriesforhelpnoneofthedozenorsopeopleinthenearbyapartmentbuildingwhoheardhercriescalledthepoliceforhelp.Theattachfirstbeganat3:20butitwasnotuntil3:50thatsomeonefirstcontactedthepolicE.Therearetwomajorfactorsthatcontributetothebystandereffect.Firstthepresenceofotherpeoplecreatesadiffusion分散ofresponsibility.Becausethereareotherobserversindividualsdonotfeelasmuchpressuretotakeactionsincetheresponsibilitytotakeactionisthoughttobesharedamongallofthosepresent.Thesecondreasonistheneedtobehaveincorrectandsociallyacceptableways.WhenotherobserversfailtoreactindividualsoftentakethisasasignalthataresponseisnotneededornotappropriatE.Otherresearchershavefoundthatonlookersarelesslikelytotakeactionifthesituationisambiguous^R^E^?.InthecaseofKittyGenovesemanyofthe38witnessingreportedthattheybelievedthattheywerewitnessingalovers'quarrelanddidnotrealizethattheyoungwomanwasactuallybeingmurdereD.ThepassageseemstosuggestthatGenovesemightnothavebeenmurderediftherehadbeen_____.A.noobserverB.fewerobserversC.moreobservers.D.youngerobserversGenovesewasmurdered.A.whileshewasgoingoutB.inherapartmentC.halfwayhomeD.infrontofherapartment?Theunderlinedwordthisinthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto____.A.notdoinganythingtohelpB.behavingincorrectwaysC.takingactionD.murderingWecanlearnfromthepassagethatGenovese'sneighborsdidn'tlendahandpartlybecausethey____.A.wereafraidofbeingattackedbythemurdererB.thoughtsomeoneelsemightcometoherrescuE.C.didn'tgetalongwellwithherD.weresureitwasmurdering
TheBestofFriendsTheevidenceforharmonymaynotbeobviousinsomefamilies.Butitseemsthatfouroutoffiveyoungpeoplenowgetonwiththeirparentswhichistheoppositeofthepopularlyheldimage印象ofunhappyteenagerslockedintheirroomafterendlessfamilyquarrels.Animportantnewstudyintoteenageattitudessurprisinglyshowsthattheirfamilylifeismoreharmoniousthanithaseverbeeninthepast.Weweresurprisedbyjusthowpositivetoday’syoungpeopleseentobeabouttheirfamiliessaidonememberoftheresearchteam.They’reexpectedtoberebellious叛逆的andselfishbutactuallytheyhaveotherthingsontheirminds;theywantacarandmaterialgoodsandtheyworryaboutwhetherschoolisservingthemwell.There’smorenegotiation商议anddiscussionbetweenparentsandchildrenandchildrenexpecttotakepartinthefamilydecision-makingprocess.Theydon’twanttorocktheboat.Soitseemsthatthisgenerationofparentsismuchmorelikelythanparentsof30yearsagototreattheirchildrenasfriends.Myparentsarehappytodiscussthingswithmeandwillingtolistentomesays17-years-oldDanielLazall.IalwaystellthemwhenI’mgoingoutclubbing.AslongastheyknowwhatI’mdoingthey’refinewithit.SusanCromewhoisnow21agrees.Lookingbackonthelast10yearstherewasalotofwhatyoucouldcallnegotiation.ForexampleaslongasI’ddoneallmyhomeworkIcouldgooutonaSaturdaynight.ButIthinkmygrandparentswerealotstricterwithmyparentsthanthat.MaybethispositiveviewoffamilylifeshouldnotbeunexpecteD.Itispossiblethattheideaofteenagers’rebellionisnotrootedinrealfacts.A.researchercommentsOursurprisethatteenagerssaytheygetalongwellwiththeirparentscomesbecauseofabriefperiodinoutsocialhistorywhenteenagerswereregardedasdifferentbeings.Butthatideaofrebellingandbreakingawayfromtheirparentsreallyonlyhappenedduringthatonetimeinthe1960swheneveryonerebelleD.Thenormalsituationthroughouthistoryhasbeenasmoothchangefromhelpingoutwiththefamilybusinesstotakingitover.Whatisthepopularimagesofteenagerstoday?A.TheyworryaboutschoolB.TheydislikelivingwiththeirparentsC.TheyhavetobelockedintoavoidtroublesD.TheyquarrelalotwithotherfamilymembersThestudyshowsthatteenagersdon’twantto___A.sharefamilyresponsibilityB.causetroubleintheirfamiliesC.goboatingwiththeirfamilyD.makefamilydecisionsComparedwithparentsof30yearsagetoday’sparents___.A.gotoclubsmoreoftenwiththeirchildrenB.aremuchstricterwiththeirchildrenC.carelessabouttheirchildren’slifeD.givetheirchildrenmorefreedomAccordingtotheauthorteenagerebellion____.A.maybeafalsebeliefB.iscommonnowadaysC.existedonlyinthe1960sD.resultedfromchangesinfamiliesWhatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.NegotiationinfamilyB.EducationinfamilyC.HarmonyinfamilyD.Teenagetroubleinfamily
Foraclearerpictureofwhatthestudentknowsmostteachersuseanotherkindofexaminationinadditiontoobjectivetests.Theyuseessaytestswhichrequirestudentstowritelonganswerstobroadgeneralquestionssuchasthefollowing:MentionseveralwaysinwhichBenjaminFranklinhasinfluencedthinkingofpeopleinhisowncountryandinotherpartsoftheworlD.Oneadvantageoftheessaytestisthatitreducestheelementofluck.Thestudentcannotgetahighscorejustbymakingaluckyguess.Anotheradvantageisthatitshowstheexaminermorecaresaboutthestudent’sabilitytoputfactstogetherintoameaningfulwholE.Itshouldshowhowdeeplyhehasthoughtaboutthesubject.Sometimesthoughessaytestshavedisadvantagestoo.Somestudentsareabletowriterathergoodanswerswithoutreallyknowingmuchaboutthesubjectwhileotherstudentswhoactuallyknowthematerialhavetroubleexpressingtheirideasintheessayform.Besidesinanessaytestthestudent’sscoremaydependupontheexaminer’sfeelingsatthetimeofreadingtheanswer.IfheisfeelingtiredorboredthestudentmayreceivealowerscorethanheshoulD.Anotherexaminerreadingthesameanswermightgiveitamuchhighermark.BecauseofthistheobjectivetestgiveseachstudentafairerchanceandofcourseitiseasierandquickertoscorE.WhetheranobjectivetestoranessaytestisusedproblemsarisE.Whensomeobjectivequestionsareusedalongwithsomeessayquestionshoweverafairlyclearpictureofthestudent’sknowledgecanusuallybegotten.Whatmayhavebeendiscussedinthepreviousparagraphs?A.Theessaytest.B.Howteacherstesttheirstudents.C.Howstudentswritetheiressays.D.Theobjectivetest.Theessaytestispreferredbecause______.A.itshowsmoreaboutthestudent’sunderstandingofthesubjectB.itteststhestudent’sknowledgeofthematerialaswellashisexpressionofideasC.itgiveseachstudentafairerchanceD.itsscoringmaybeinfluencedbytheexaminer’sfeelingsTheunderlinedwordthisreferstothefactthat______.A.studentsmayreceivealowerscoreinanessaytestB.anotherexaminerusuallygivestheanswerahighermarkC.differentexaminersmaygivethesameessaydifferentscoresD.theobjectivetestgiveseachstudentafairerchanceAccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheobjectivetestisNOTtrue?A.Itismoreobjectivethantheessaytestintermsofscoring.B.Itallowsthestudenttoguessthecorrectanswerwithoutreallyknowingthematerial.C.Itshowsthestudent’sabilitytothinkaboutdifficultproblems.D.ItiseasyandquicktoscorE.
Studentsthroughouttheworldspendtheirmoneyindifferentways.A.detailedstudyonstudentspendingindicatedthatyoungpeople'sspendinghabitshavechangedgreatlyoverthepastfewyears.Thestudyalsosaysthatthechangeisaboutthesamearoundtheworldhowever.Herearesomeexamplesofpopularstudentspendinghabits---bothhealthyandalsounhealthy---aroundtheworldtoday.Studentsthesedayshavetoomuchbrandawarenesssotheirspendingonclothesisnowquitehigh.Onaveragestudentsbuyoneortwocompletesetsofnewclotheseachmonthandthismakestheirtotalspendinghigher.Studentspendingshowsquiteanup-and-downpatternastheygetolder.Studentsspendalotmoremoneyinhighschoolthanbeforetheirhighschoolyearsbecausewhentheyenterhighschooltheirexposure接触到tobrandedgoodsincreases.Asthestudentsgetclosetograduationtheirexpensesstarttogodown.ThisisthetimewhentheyhavetobecomemoreresponsibleaboutmoneyandstarttounderstanditsimportancE.Studentsalsospendalotmoreonentertainmentthantheirparentsdidwhentheywereyoungbecauseoftheeasyaccesstoentertainmentthesedays.Shoppingisconsideredtobequiteentertainingbecauseofallthedifferentformsofamusementpresentedbyshoppingmalls.Theseattractstudentstobuythings.Studentspendingonfoodhasn'tincreasedmuchbuttherehasbeenamarkedincreaseintheuseofalcohol.Thereareseveralmoreplacesinwhichstudentscandrinknow.Thecultureofhavingpartieshasalsogrownalotamongstudentstooandstudentsusuallyendupspendingalotonalcoholinsuchplaces.Thisisnotsuchabadsituationactually.Thestudyindicatesthatalthoughstudentspendinghasshotthroughtheroofatthesametimetheyarefinanciallymuchstrongertodaythantheywereinthepast.Thisiscompensation补偿回报andprobablyitisjustanotherbranchofthelifethatwearelivinginthisspeedilyadvancingworlD.60.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Unhealthystudentspendinghabits.B.Whystudentspendingischanging.C.Howastudentshouldspendmoney.D.A.studyonstudentspending.61.Whydostudentsspendlessmoneyjustbeforegraduation?A.Theyseefewerproducts.B.Theyaremoreconsciousofthevalueofmoney.C.Theyhavenotimetoentertainthemselvesorgoshopping.D.Theirspendingonclothinggoesdown.62.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.StudentspendinghabitsarebecomingworseandworsE.B.Today'sstudentsspendmoremoneyonentertainmentthanonclothing.C.Today'sstudentsarebetteratearningmoneythantheirparents.D.Studentspendingonfoodhasincreasedtheleast.63.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?①Paragraph1;②=Paragraph2;③=Paragraph3;④=Paragraph4;⑤=Paragraph5;⑥=Paragraph6;
Researcherswhostudyrelationshipshavediscoveredthatabigdifferencebetweenthosewhomakenewfriendseasilyandthosewhodon’tisthatsociallysuccessfulpeopletendtomakeeyecontactwiththeirconversationpartnersmuchmorefrequentlythanthosewhoarelesssuccessfulsocially.Infactyoumaybeabletobecomemuchmoresociallysuccessfulbymakingthisonesimplechangetoyourbehavior.MostAmericansprefertohavealotofeyecontactwhentheyaretalkingwithsomeonE.Whenapersondoesn’tmakeeyecontactwiththemtheytendtothinkthatthepersonishidingsomethingorthepersondoesn’tbelieveinhimself/herself.Whenyouarehavingaconversationandyouwanttoleaveafriendlyimpressionbesuretokeeplookingatthatpersonfrequentlywhileyouaretalking.Ifitreallybothersyoutolookdirectlyintoanotherperson’seyesyoucangazegenerallyatnotabovetheeyebrowareaorthebridgeofthenose;thisiscloseenoughtotheeyeregionthatyouwillappeartobelookingattheperson’seyes.Butneitherthehairortheshouldershavethesameeffect.Don’tstareatotherpeopletoointenselyotherwiseyouwilllookaggressive攻击性.Keepthemajorityofyourfocusontheotherperson.Ifyouglancearoundtheroomtoomuchorlooktoofrequentlyatotherpeopleyourconversationpartnermayguessthatyouarelookingaroundforsomeoneelseyouwouldrathertalkwith.Youcanlightenyournervousnessbysmilingmoreoftennoddingandbygazingattheentirefaceaswellastheeyes.Inadditionyoucanfrequentlylookawayforveryshortperiods.Whenpeoplegetthesensethatyouarereallypayingattentiontothemtheywillbemuchmorelikelytowanttohaveconversationswithyou!WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheimpressionleftbythosewhodon’tmakeeyecontactduringthetalk?A.Theyarenottellingthetruth.B.Theyareboredwiththepartner.C.TheyarelackinginconfidenceD.Theyareangryandreadytoattack.Besidestheeyesofthepartnerduringthetalkyoucanlookathis/her___________.A.hairB.shouldersC.thebridgeofthenoseD.areaabovetheeyebrowsFromthepassagewecanlearnthat____________________.A.lookingawayduringconversationshouldalwaysbeavoideD.B.lookingatapersonfrequentlycangivehim/heragoodimpression.C.manyAmericansfeellikebeingstaredatforalongtimE.D.allsuccessfulpeoplearegoodatmakingeyecontact.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtomakeyourselfsociallysuccessfulB.HowtouseeyecontacttomakeagoodimpressionC.HowtomakefriendswiththepeoplearoundyouD.Howtoleaveagoodimpressionduringatalk
A.recentreportononlineeducationmadebySRIInternationalfortheDepartmentofEducationhasaseriousacademic学术的titlebutamostinterestingconclusion:Studentsinonlinelearningconditionsperformedbetterthanthosereceivingface-to-faceinstruction.Thereportexaminedtheresearchononlineandtraditionalclassroomteachingfrom1996to2008.SomeofitwasinK-12settingsbutmostofthestudieswereincollegesandadultcontinuingeducationprograms.Overthe12yearsthereportfound99studiesinwhichtherewerecomparisonsofonlineandclassroomperformanceforthesamecourses.TheresultoftheDepartmentofEducation’sresearchshowedthatusuallystudentsdoingsomeorallofthecourseonlinewouldrankalittlehigherthantheclassroomstudentswithlittlebutmeaningfuldifferencE.Theimportanceofthestudyliesinshowingthatonlinelearningtodayisnotjustbetterthannothing—itactuallytendstobebetterthantraditionalinstruction.saidBarbaraMeansthestudy’sleadauthorandaneducationalpsychologistatSRIInternational.Thishardlymeansthatwe’llbesayinggoodbyetoclassrooms.Butthereportdoessuggestthatonlineeducationcouldbesettodevelopsharplyoverthenextfewyears.UntilfairlyrecentlyonlineeducationtotaledtolittlE.Thathasreallychangedwiththearrivalofwebbasedvideoinstant即时的messagingandteamworktools.Therealpromiseofonlineeducationexpertssayisprovidinglearningexperiencesthataremoresuitableforindividual个体的studentsthanispossibleinclassrooms.Thatallowsmorelearningbydoingwhichmanystudentsfindmoreattractiveanduseful.WeareataturningpointinonlineeducationsaidPhilipR.RegiertheleaderofArizonaStateUniversity’sOnlineandExtendedCampusprogram.Thebiggestnear-termgrowthMr.Regierpredictswillbeincontinuingeducationprograms.Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?Mostofthestudiesweredoneinhighschools.Thereportwasbasedonmorethan100studies.Thestudieswerecarriedoutformorethan20years.Thedifferencebetweenonlineandtraditionalteachingisnotbig.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat__________.traditionaleducationwillcometoanendtraditionaleducationisnotpopularanylongeronlineeducationdidn’tdeveloprapidlyuntilrecentlymiddleschoolsarefacingthechoicebetweenonlineandtraditionalteachingWhichisNOTthereasonwhymanystudentspreferonlinelearning?Onlineteachingismoresuitableforindividuals.Classroomteachingisnotpracticalanduseful.Studentscanlearnbydoinginonlinecourses.Onlineteachingismoreinteresting.Whichdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthepassage?StudyfindsthatonlineeducationbeatstheclassroomWhyisonlineeducationontherise?A.reportononlineeducationClassroomteachingisout
Parentsshouldstopblamingthemselvesbecausethere’snotalottheycandoaboutit.Imeantheteenagerproblem.Whateveryoudoorhoweveryouchoosetodealwithitatcertaintimesawonderfulreasonableandhelpfulchildwillturnintoaterribleanimal.I’veseenfriendsdealwithitinallkindsofdifferentways.Onestrictmotherinsistedthathersonrightfromachildshouldstandupwheneveranyoneenteredtheroomopendoorsandshakehandslikeagentleman.IsawhimlastweekwhenIcalledrounD.SprawlinghimselfonthesofainfulllengthhemadenoattempttoturnofftheloudTVhewaswatchingasIwalkedinandhisgreetingwasnomorethanaquickglanceatmE.HismotherwasashameD.Idon’tknowwhattodowithhimthesedaysshesaiD.He’sforgottenallthemannerswetaughthim.Hehasn’tforgottenthem.He’sjustdecidedthathe’snotgoingtousethem.Sheconfessed坦白thatshewouldliketocomeupbehindhimandthrowhimdownfromthesofaontothefloor.AnothergoodfriendofminelethertwodaughtersclimballoverthefurniturereachacrossthetablestareatmeandsayIdon’tlikeyourdress;it’sugly.Oneofthedaughtershasrecentlybeendrivenoutofschool.TheotherhaslefthomE.Wheredidwegowrong?herparentsarenowverysaD.Probablynowheremuch.Atleastnomorethantherestofthatunfortunateraceparents.71.Thistextismostprobablywrittenby______.A.A.specialistinteenagerstudies.B.aheadmasterofamiddleschoolC.aparentwithteenagechildrenD.adoctorformentalhealthproblems72.Theunderlinedworditinthesecondparagraphrefersto______.A.thechangefromgoodtobadthat’sseeninachildB.thewaythatparentsoftenblamethemselvesC.theopinionthatachildhasofhisparentsD.theadvicethatparentswanttheirchildrentofollow73.Theboyonthesofawouldmostprobablybedescribedas______.A.lazyB.quietC.unusualD.rude74.Fromthesecondexamplewecaninferthattheparentsofthetwodaughters______.A.paynoattentiontothemB.aretoobusytolookafterthemC.havecometohatethemD.feelhelplesstodomuchaboutthem75.Whatistheauthor’sopinionaboutthesuddenchangeinteenagechildren?A.Parentshavenochoicebuttotrytoacceptit.B.ParentsshouldpaystillmoreattentiontothechangE.C.Parentsshouldworkmorecloselywithschoolteachers.D.Parentsareafaultforthechangeintheirchildren.
InAmericadrivers’educationispartoftheregularhighschoolcurriculum.Everystudentinhisorhersecondyearofhighschoolisrequiredtotakeaclassindriver’seducation.Howeverunlikeothercoursesitisnotgivenduringtheregularschoolyear.InsteaditisasummercoursE.Thecourseisdividedupintotwoparts:classtimeforlearninglawsandregulationsanddrivingtimetopractisedriving.Classtimeisnotunlikeanyotherclass.Thestudentshaveatextfromwhichtheystudythebasiclawstheymustknowtopassthewrittendrivingtestthatisgiventoanyonewantingtogetadriver’slicensE.Drivingtimeisachanceforthestudentstogetbehindthewheelsteeringwheelandpracticestartingsteeringbackingupparkingswitchinglanesturningcornersandalltheothermaneuvers操作requiredtodriveacar.Eachstudentisrequiredtodriveatotalofsixhours.Thestudentsaredividedupintogroupsoffour.ThestudentsandtheinstructorgooutdrivingfortwohourblocksoftimE.Thuseachstudentgetshalfanhourdrivingtimeperouting.Theinstructoranddriversitinthefrontseatsandtheotherthreestudentssitintheback.DriversEdcarsareunlikeothercarsinwhichtheyhavetwosetsofbrakesoneonthedriver’ssideandoneontheothersidewheretheinstructorsits.Thusifthestudentdrivershouldrunintodifficultiestheinstructorcantakeover.ThecaralsohasanotherspecialfeaturE.Onthetopofthecarisasignthatreads:STUDENTDRIVER.Thatletsnearbydriversknowthattheyshoulduseextracaution小心thestudentdriverisabeginningdrivernotveryexperiencedandpronetodrivingslowly.Afterthestudenthaspassedthedriver’seducationcourseandreachedtheappropriateagetodrivethisagediffersineverystatebutinmostcasesthepersonmustbe16yearsoldtheycangotoadesignatedstateofficetotaketheirdriver’stestwhichismadeupofaneyeexaminationawrittentestandaroadtest.Thepersonmustpassallthreetestsinordertobegivenadriver’slicensE.Ifthepersondidwellinhisorherdriver’seducationclassheorshewillpassthetestwithflyingcolorsandgetadriver’slicensE.1.InAmericathedriver’scoursementionedabove___________.A.isconsideredaspartoftheadvancededucationB.isgiventoanyonewantingtogetadriver’slicenseC.iscarriedonatthesametimeasothercoursesD.isofferedtoallthestudentsofGrade2inhighschools2.TopreventaccidentsadriversEdcar______________.A.hasasigninsideitB.hastwosetsofbrakesC.isbigenoughtoholdfivepersonsD.can’trunveryfast3.Wecaninferthatthestudentsarerequiredto______intheirwholedrivingpracticE.A.gooutdrivingfortwelvetimesB.spendatleastsixhoursdrivingC.drivefortwohourblocksoftimeD.gethalfanhourdriving4.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotagreewiththerequirementsforthestudentswantingtogettheirdriver’slicense?A.Theymustbe16yearsofageB.Theyshouldgotohavetheirdriver’stestC.TheymusthavetheireyesexaminedD.Theyoughttodowellintheirdriver’scourse5Inthelastsentencewithflyingcolorsmeans______________.A.happilyB.successfullyC.colorfullyD.quickly
DoreenSykoraisnowajunioratMcGillUniversity.ShehadadifficulttimewhenshefirstbegancollegE.ShesaidIwasalwayswellpreparedformyexaminations.ButwhenIgointoclasstotaketheexamIwouldfallapart.Icouldjustblankoutbecauseofnervousnessandfear.HitoshiSakamotoananthropology人类学studentatTempleUniversityinTokyoreportssimilarexperiences.Thesetwoyoungstudentswereexperiencingsomethingcalledtestanxiety.Becauseastudentworriesandisstressed加压力于aboutatesthisorherminddoesnotworkaswellasitusuallydoes.Thestudentcannotwriteorthinkclearlybecauseoftheseveretensionandnervousness.Nowtherearespecialuniversitycoursestohelpstudents.Inthesecoursesadvisorsandpsychologiststrytohelpstudentsbyteachingthemtomanagetestanxiety.Suchacoursehelpsstudentslearntolivewithstressandnotfailbecauseofit.Firststudentstakeapracticetesttomeasuretheirworrylevel.Ifthetestsshowthattheirstresslevelishighthestudentscantakeashortcoursetomanagethefear.Thesecoursesteachstudentshowtorelaxtheirbodies.Theygettrainingtobecomecalminverytensesituations.Bycontrollingtheirnervousnesstheycanlettheirmindsworkmoreeasily.Learnedinformationthencomesoutwithoutdifficultyonatest.DoreenSykorasawimmediateresultsaftertakingsuchacoursE.Shenowhasenthusiasmabouttherelaxationmethods.MostlywhatIdoisimaginemyselfinaverycalmplacE.ThenIimaginemyselfpickingupapencil.Imoveslowlyandcarefully.Ibreatheeasilyandletallthetensionout.WitheachbreathmoreworryleavesmE.Itreallyworkstoo.Mygradeshaveimprovedgreatly!I’mreallydoingwellatMcGillnow.Thisrelaxationmethodworksnotonlyonexaminationsbutithasimprovedtherestofmylifeaswell.ForHitoshiinTokyotheresultsweremuchthesamE.HeisenjoyingschoolalotmoreandlearningmorE.WhatisthesimilaritybetweenDoreenSykoraandHitoshiSakamoto?A.Theyarestudentsfromthesameuniversity.B.Theyfailedinalltheexaminations.C.Theybothhadexperiencesoftestanxiety.D.Theybothhadthesamepoorstudyinghabits.ThephraseblankoutinParagraph1refersto_______.A.loseinterestintheexamB.refusetotaketheexamC.getanextrapaperD.beunabletothinkclearlyWhat’sthepurposeofsomespecialuniversitystudent-helpcourses?A.Tohelpstudentstoreducetestanxiety.B.Toshowastresslevelexperiencedbystudents.C.Tolearnmoreknowledgeabouttestanxiety.D.Tohaveabetterunderstandingoftestanxiety.
ImagineaboyfromasmallvillageinEastAfricA.HesinceaveryearlyagehasbeenlookingaftercattlE.Attwelveyearsoldheknowsmoreaboutcattlethanmostofyou.Howeverhehasneverbeentoschool.Hasthisboyhadanyeducation?Educationisdiscoveringaboutourselvesandaboutthepeopleandthingsaroundus.Allthepeoplewhocareaboutus—ourparentsbrotherssistersfriends—areourteachers.Infactwelearnsomethingfromeveryonewemeet.Westartlearningonthedaywewerebornnotonthefirstdaywegotoschool.Everydaywehavenewexperienceslikefindingabird’snestdiscoveringanewstreetinourneighborhoodmakingfriendswithsomeonewedidn’tlikebeforE.NewexperiencesareevenmorefunwhenwesharethemwithotherpeoplE.EncouragementfromthepeoplearoundusenablesustoexplorethingsasmanyaspossiblE.Aswegrowupwebegintofindoutwhatwearecapableofdoing.Youmaybegoodatcookingorsingingorplayingfootball.Youfindthisoutbydoingthesethings.Justthinkingaboutcookingdoesn’ttellyouwhetheryouaregoodatit.Welearnsomuchjustlivingfromdaytoday.Sowhyisschoolimportant?Ofcourseyoucanlearnsomethingsbetterathomethanatschoollikehowtodotheshoppingandhowtohelpoldordisabledpeoplewhocan’tdoeverythingforthemselves.AtschoolteachershelpustoreadandwritE.Withtheirguidancewebegintoseethingsindifferentways.ThewritertakestheAfricanboyasanexampletoshowthat_______.A.Africanchildrenareverypoor.B.somechildrenareunlucky.C.therearemanykindsofeducation.D.schoolsareofgreatimportancE.Intheopinionofthewriter.A.wehavetolearnfromthepeoplearoundus.B.theschoolisnotimportantatall.C.onlypeoplewhocareforuscanteachus.D.educationtakesplaceeverywherE.Onecanfindoutwhathe/sheisgoodatby_.A.whatpeopleencouragehim/hertodo.B.theteachingsofthosehe/shemeets.C.thinkingaboutitwhengrowingup.D.tryingandpractisingthings.Thepassagetellsusthat_.A.everyonegetseducationfromthedayheorshewasborn.B.differentclassesofpeoplereceivedifferentkindsofeducation.C.theschoolisabsolutelynecessaryifonewantstounderstandtheworlD.D.everyonewillfindoutwhatheorsheisgoodat.Accordingtothelastparagraphweknowthat.A.theschoolisnotsoimportantasourlivingplaces.B.theschoolenablesustounderstandtheworldinotherways.C.theschoolteachesusthingswhichareuselessathomE.D.theschoolcannotprepareusforourdailylives.
第三部分阅读理解共20小题每题2分满分40分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C和D中选出最佳选项AReadingpoemsisnotexactlyaneverydayactivityformostpeoplE.Infactmanypeopleneverreadapoemoncetheygetoutofhighschool.ItisworthremindingourselvesthatthishasnotalwaysbeenthecaseinAmericA.InthenineteenthcenturyausualAmericanactivitywastositaroundthefiresideintheeveningandreadpoemsalouD.ItistruethattherewasnotelevisionatthetimenormovietheatersnorWorldWideWebtoprovidediversion.Howeverpoemswereasourceofpleasureofself-educationofconnectiontootherpeopleortotheworldbeyondone’sowncommunity.Readingthemwasasocialactaswellasanindividualoneandperhapsevenmoresocialthanindividual.WritingpoemstosharewithfriendsandrelationswaslikereadingpoemsbythefiresideanotherwayinwhichpoetryhasaplaceineverydaylifE.Howdidthingschange?WhyaremostAmericansnolongercomfortablewithpoetryandwhydomostpeopletodaythinkthatapoemhasnothingtotellthemandthattheycandowellwithoutpoems?ThereareIbelievethreeculprits肇事者poetsteachersandweourselves.Ofthesetheleastimportantisthethird:theworldsurroundingthepoemhasbetrayedusmorethanwehavebetrayedthepoem.EarlyinthetwentiethcenturypoetryinEnglishheadedintodirectionsunfavorabletothereadingofpoetry.Readersdecidedthatpoemswerenotforthefiresideortheeasychairatnightthattheybelongedwhereotherdifficult-to-readthingsbelongeD.Poetsfailedthereaderssodidteachers.Theywanttheirstudentstoknowsomethingabouttheskillsofapoemtheywanttheirstudentstoseethatpoemsmeansomething.Yetwhatusuallyoccurswhenteacherspushtheseconcernsontheirhighschoolstudentsisthatyoungpeopledecidepoemsareunpleasantcrosswordpuzzles.56.Readingpoemsisthoughttobeasocialactinthenineteenthcenturybecause___________.A.itbuiltalinkamongpeopleB.ithelpeduniteacommunityC.itwasasourceofself-educationD.itwasasourceofpleasure57.TheunderlinedworddiversioninParagraph2mostprobablymeans________.A.concentrationB.changeC.amusementsD.stories58.Accordingtothepassagewhatisthemaincauseofthegreatgapbetweenreadersandpoetry?A.Studentsarebecominglessinterestedinpoetry.B.Studentsarepoorlyeducatedinhighschool.C.TVandtheInternetaremoreattractivethanpoetry.D.PoemshavebecomedifficulttounderstanD.59.Inthelastparagraphthewriterquestions_______.A.thedifficultyinstudyingpoemsB.thewaypoemsaretaughtinschoolC.students’wrongideasaboutpoetryD.thetechniquesusedinwritingpoems
Besidescalling911hereiswhattodoinsomelife-threateningemergencieswhennooneis
TypingSuccessin20MinutesaDay—TeachingYourK-12StudentstoTypein20MinutesaDayTypingisfastbecominganimportantskillinourworlD.Makingthisskillavailabletoyourstudentsisveryimportant.Just20minutesofthefollowingactivitiesperdaywillgiveyourstudentsthefingerstrengthandkeyboardknowledgetheyneedtobereadytoincludetypingintheirlearningprograms.Step1Knitting编织:Youcantryvariousstylesuntilyoufindtheonethatbestsuitsyourstudents’abilities.Fingerknittingisagreatwaytostart!Ithelpsstudentsfocusonfingerstrength.Knittingwithneedlesisalittlemorechallengingbutwillsuitsomeolderstudents.ThemorepracticethefingersgetthestrongertheywillbecomE.Step2Keyboardgames:IthelpsyourstudentsbecomefamiliarwiththekeyboarD.Studentsasyoungasfouryearsoldcanpracticefingerplacementlettersoundsandnamesusingthekeyboardofcomputers.Step3Claymodeling:Manychildrendeveloptheabilitytobequickandskilfulwiththeirhandsthroughcreatingclaymodels.ThecreativenatureofthisactivitykeepschildrenengagedforlongperiodsoftimE.IthelpskeepfingersstrongandsupplE.Step4Lego拼装玩具building:LittlefingersbecomestrongwhenchildrenpullapartlittleLegotimeandtimeagain.Becauseofthefunnatureofthisactivityithelpsbuildanddoesalottoreinforcetheabilitytoarrangethingsintoanorder—anotherimportantaspectintyping.Chooseanage-appropriateinteractiveandengagingtypingprogram.Allstudentsaredifferentandwithfirmfingerskillstypingcanbeeasilylearnedin20minutesadaywiththeuseofamixtureofthesedifferentapproaches.Allthefollowingstepscanmakeone’sfingersstrongerEXCEPT____.A.Step4B.Step3C.Step2D.Step1TheunderlinedworditinStep4refersto____.A.littleLegoB.thefunnatureC.thestrengthoffingersD.LegobuildingWhatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Activitieslistedinthetextsuitstudentsofallages.B.DifferentstudentshavedifferentresultsafterfollowingtheactivitieslisteD.C.Onlyoneactivitycanbeusedinatypingprogramforspecificstudents.D.FirmfingerskillsareimportantforlearningtotypE.
Thereareseveralwaystobreakthetechnologycodethatteenagershavewrittenamongthemselves.Thefollowingareideastohelpparentsunderstandthesometimesconfusingworldoftheteens.SocialNetworking人际关系网Sites:SiteslikeMySpaceandFacebookappealtoallgenerationsandareagoodwayforaparenttounderstandwhatsocialstandardsyourteenislivingwith.Therearemanywaystohelpyoutakepartinyourchild'sonlineactivities.Youalsocanbefromanonlooker旁观者whokeepsabird's-eyeviewofhiscyberworldtoanactivememberofhissocialgroup.MMORPG:MassivelyMultiplayerOnlineRole-PlayingGamecomesintheformofgames.A.childcaneasilybecomeaddictedto沉溺于themifnolimitsareset.TofullyunderstandtheattractionbehindMMORPGyoucanmakeyourownaccountandcharactertoexplorethedigital数码的worlD.Playingtheonlinegamesmayseemstrangeatfirsttoyourteenbutexperiencehasledmetoonlypositivefeedback反应fromyoungpeoplewhocancommunicatewithadultsabouttheirgamingexperiences.TextandInstantMessenger:ThewaysofteenagecommunicationhaveproducedawholenewlanguagesuchasLOLZlaughingoutloudandPSOSparentstandingovershoulder.Learningthebasicshorthand速记法ofteenscanopenupawholenewworldofcommunicationnotonlytalkingtoyourteensbutbeingabletolistenontheirtermsaswell.Youmayjustfindyourselftextingfasterandendingyourcorrespondence联系withTTYLtalktoyoulater.ToteenstextinganyonelookscoolevenMomandDaD.Email:Emailingyourchildiseasy.Thisofcoursecannottaketheplaceofface-to-facecommunicationbutitprovidesanotherwayforyourchildtoreachyou.Anotherbenefitisthatyourchildcannotactlikehedidn'thearyou.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartappealtointhesecondparagraphmean?A.harmB.attractC.upsetD.attackAccordingtothispassagewecaninferthattheauthor'schild__________.A.workshardatschoolB.isactiveonFacebookC.enjoysplayingonlinegamesD.likestalkingwithadultsIfyouarestandingbesideyourchildheismostlikelytotexthisfriend__________.A.PSOSB.MMORPGC.TTYLD.LOLZWhatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Parentscanusetechnologytostayintouchwiththeirchildren.B.Manychildrenareverycrazyabouttheonlinegames.C.Scienceandtechnologymakelifeeasyandconvenient.D.Parentscandosomethinginterestingliketheirchildrendo.
Creativityisthekeytoabrighterfuturesayeducationandbusinessexperts.Hereishowschoolsandparentscanencouragethisimportantskillinchildren.IfDickhadlistenedtohisbossin1925wemightnothaveaproductthatwenowthinkofasofgreatimportance:anewtypeoftapE.DickworkedfortheMinnesotaMiningCompany.Atworkhedevelopedakindofmaterialstrongenoughtoholdthingstogether.ButhisbosstoldhimnottothinkmoreabouttheideA.FinallyusinghisowntimeDickimprovedthetapewhichnowisusedeverywherebymanypeoplE.AndhisformercompanylearnedfromitsmistakE.Nowitencouragespeopletospend15percentoftheirworktimejustthinkingaboutanddevelopingnewideas.CreativityisnotsomethingoneisjustbornwithnorisitnecessarilyacharacterofhighintelligencE.Thefactthatapersonishighlyintelligentdoesnotmeanthatheusesitcreatively.Creativityisthematterofusingtheresourcesonehastoproducenewideasthataregoodforsomething.Unfortunatelyschoolshavenottriedtoencouragecreativity.Withstrongattentiontotestresultsandthedevelopmentofreadingwritingandmathematicalskillsmanyeducatorsgiveupcreativityforcorrectanswers.Theresultisthatchildrencangivebackinformationbutcan’trecognizewaystouseitinnewsituation.TheymayknowtherulescorrectlybuttheyareunabletousethemtoWorkoutpracticalproblems.Itisimportanttogivechildrenchoices.Fromtheearlieragechildrenshouldbeallowedtomakedecisionsandunderstandtheirresults.Evenifit’schoosingbetweentwofooditemsforlunchdecision-makinghelpsthinkingskills.Aschildrengrowolderparentsshouldlettheirchildrendecidehowtousetheirtimeorspendtheirmoney.ThisisbecausethemostimportantcharacterofcreativepeopleisaverystrongdesiretofindawayoutoftroublE.WhatdidthecompanywhereDickonceworkedlearnfromitsmistake?A.TheyencouragedpeopletoworkalongertimE.B.Theydiscouragedpeopletothinkfreely.C.Theyaskedpeopletospendalltheirworktimedevelopingnewideas.D.Theyencouragedpeopletospendsomeoftheirworktimeconsideringandimprovingnewideas.Creativityissomething__A.thatpeoplearebornwithB.thatdependsonintelligenceC.thatisawayofusingwhatonehaslearnttoworkoutnewproblemsD.thatisnotimportantatallWhydon’tschoolstrytoencouragecreativity?A.Theydon’tunderstandtheimportanceofeducation.B.Theydon’twanttheirstudentstomakemistakes.C.Theypaytoomuchattentiontoexammarkslanguageandmathematicalskills.D.Theythinkitmoreimportanttoremembersomeinformation.Whatshouldtheparentsdowhentheirchildrendecidehowtospendtheirmoney?A.TrytohelpthemasmuchaspossiblE.B.Takenonoticeofwhatevertheydo.C.LeavethemastheyarE.D.Helpthemiftheirdecisioniswrongbutnottoomuch..
Wehavetwodaughters:KristenissevenyearsoldandKellyisfour.LastSundayeveningweinvitedsomepeoplehomefordinner.IdressedthemnicelyforthepartyandtoldthemthattheirjobwastojoinMommyinansweringthedoorwhenthebellrang.Mommywouldintroducethemtotheguestsandthentheywouldtaketheguests'coatsupstairsandputthemonthebedinthesecondbedroom.TheguestsarriveD.Iintroducedmytwodaughterstoeachofthem.Theadultswereniceandkindandsaidhowluckyweweretohavesuchgoodkids.EachoftheguestsmadeaparticularfussoverKellytheyoungeroneadmiringherdressherhairandhersmilE.TheysaidshewasaremarkablegirltobecarryingcoatsupstairsatheragE.Ithoughttomyselfthatweadultsusuallymakeabigtodoovertheyoungeronebecauseshe'stheonewhoseemsmoreeasilyhurt.Wedoitwiththebestofintentions.ButweseldomthinkofhowitmightaffecttheotherchilD.IwasalittleworriedthatKristenwouldfeelshewasbeingoutshineD.IwasabouttoservedinnerwhenIrealizedthatshehadbeenmissingfortwentyminutes.Iranupstairsandfoundherinthebedroomcrying.IsaidWhatareyoudoingmydear?SheturnedtomewithasadexpressionandsaidMommywhydon'tpeoplelikemethewaytheylikemysister?IsitbecauseI'mnotpretty?Isthatwhytheydon'tsaynicethingsaboutmeasmuch?Itriedtoexplaintoherkissingandhugginghertomakeherfeelbetter.NowwheneverIvisitafriend'shomeImakeitapointtospeaktotheelderchildfirst.56.Theunderlinedexpression'makeabigtodoover'paragraph4means______.A.showmuchconcernaboutB.haveaspecialeffectonC.listjobstobedoneforD.dogoodthingsfor57.TheguestspraisedKellyforcarryingcoatsupstairsbecauseofher______.A.beautifulhairB.prettyclothesC.lovelysmileD.youngage58.Kristenfeltsadandcriedbecause______.A.theguestgavehermorecoatstocarryB.shedidn'tlookasprettyasKellyC.theguestspraisedhersistermorethanherD.hermotherdidn'tintroducehertotheguests59.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat______.A.parentsshouldpaymoreattentiontotheelderchildrenB.theyoungerchildrenareusuallymoreeasilyhurtC.peopleusuallyliketheyoungerchildrenmoreD.adultsshouldtreatchildrenequally60.Whichofthefollowingsayingisright?A.KristenandKellyarenotgettingalongwitheachother.B.KristenisolderthanKelly.C.ThemotherlikesKristenmorethanKelly.D.PeopleusuallytalkmoretoKellythantheydotoKristen.
WhyshouldIteachmychildrenhistory?Thatsoundslikeastupidquestiontoevenask.ButasIheardifferenthomeschoolingteachersdiscusshistoryIgettheideathattheremaybedifferentreasonsforteachinghistory.Letmebrieflyexplainthethreegoodreasonsforstudyinghistoryandtwobadreasonsforstudyinghistory.ThemajorreasonIseeforstudyinghistoryisthatwecanlearnfromthepast.Iamconvincedthattheworldwouldbeamuchbetterplaceifmorepeopleunderstoodthesuccessesandfailuresofthepastandthethingsthatmadethesesuccessesandfailures.Howeverastheunfortunatelytruestatementgoestheonethingweseemtolearnfromhistoryisthatwedon’tseemtolearnfromhistory.PerhapsatleastinteachinghistorytomychildrenIcandoasmallpartinchangingthis.A.secondmajorreasonforstudyinghistoryisthatitishardtounderstandthecurrentpoliticalclimateintheabsenceofanunderstandingofitshistoricalcontext.WecannotevenunderstandwhoweareandwherewearewithouthistorymuchlesstrytofigureoutwherewearegoingorhowweshouldgetwherewewanttobE.Iteachmychildrenhistoryforonemorereason.Ipurchasedasetofhistoricalaudiotapesforourchildren.Myseven-year-oldsonlistenedtothemoverandover.ItwasmyhopethathewouldbecomeinspiredbytheaccomplishmentsofpeopleliketheWrightbrotherstoaccomplishthingsbyhimself.IthinkthatitisgoodthatwecelebratetheaccomplishmentsofpeoplelikeMartinLutherKingJr.IndoingsoyoungpeoplearecalledontostandfortheprinciplesthathestoodforandaccomplishwhatheaccomplisheD.IalsothinkthatbystudyingpeoplelikeAdolphHitlerpeoplecanlearntostandagainstthethingsthathestoodfor.325wordsWhatmessagecanwegetfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2?A.Manypeoplearen’tcleverenoughtolearnwellfromthepast.B.Manypeoplefailtomakegooduseofhistoryandmakethesamemistakes.C.Manypeoplefeelithardtounderstandhistory.D.Manypeoplehavenointerestinstudyinghistory.Somehistoricalfigures人物arementionedinthelastparagraphtoshow_____.A.peoplecanbeinspiredtodogoodwhilealsolearningtofightagainstevilB.peoplemayalsolearnfrombadhistoricalfiguresC.morecelebrationsshouldbeheldtohonortheirachievementsD.today’speoplecanalsoachievewhattheyachievedWhatwouldbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Howtoteachhistoryeffectively.B.Somenegativereasonsforstudyinghistory.C.Howtogetmorepeopletostudyhistory.D.Somebadhistoricalfigures.
Forsometimepastithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatbabies—andothercreatures—learntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadtorewards报酬andthereisnoreasontodoubtthatthisistruE.Butitusedalsotobewidelybelievedthateffectiverewardsatleastintheearlytimehadtobedirectlyconnectedtosuchbasicphysiological生理的drivesasthirstorhunger.InotherwordsababywouldlearnifhegotfoodordrinkorsomesortofphysicalcomfortnototherwisE.Itisnowclearthatthisisnotso.Babieswilllearntobehaveinwaysthatproduceresultsintheworldwithnorewardexceptsuccessinsight.Papousekbeganhisstudiesbyusingmilkinthenormalwaytorewardthebabiesandtoteachthemtocarryoutsomesimplemovementssuchasturningtheheadtoonesideortheother.Thenhenoticedthatababywhohadhadenoughtodrinkwouldrefusethemilkbutwouldstillgoonmakingthelearnedresponse回答withclearsignsofpleasurE.Sohebegantostudythechildren'sresponsesinsituationswherenomilkwasprovideD.Hequicklyfoundthatchildrenasyoungasfourmonthswouldlearntoturntheirheadstorightorleftifthemovementturnedonsomelights—andindeedthattheywereabletolearnsomemoreturnstobringabout产生thisresultforexampletwoleftortworightoreventomakeasmanyasthreeturnstoonesidE.Papousek'slightexperimentwasplaceddirectlyinfrontofthebabiesandhemadetheinterestingobservationthatsometimestheywouldnotturnbacktowatchthelightcloselyalthoughtheywouldsmileandspeakwhenthelightwason.Papousekconcludedthatitwasnotthesightofthelightswhichpleasedthem.Itwasthesuccesstheywereachievinginsolvingtheprobleminmasteringtheskillandthenthereisabasichumannaturetomakesenseoftheworldandbringitundercontrol.Accordingtothewriterbabieslearntodothingswhich_______.A.willsatisfytheirsurpriseB.willmeettheirphysicalneedsC.aredirectlyconnectedtopleasureD.willbringthemafeelingofsuccessPapouseknoticedinhisstudiesthatababy_______.A.wouldmakelearnedresponseswhenitsawthemilkB.wouldcontinuethesimplemovementswithoutbeinggivenmilkC.wouldturnitsheadtorightorleftwhenithadenoughtodrinkD.wouldcarryoutlearnedmovementswhenithadenoughtodrinkInPapousek'sexperimentbabiesmakelearnedmovementsoftheheadinorderto_______.A.bepraisedB.pleasetheirparentsC.berewardedwithmilkD.havethelightsturnedonThebabieswouldsmileandspeakatthelightsbecause_______.A.theysucceededinturningonthelightsB.thesightoflightswasinterestingC.theyneednotturnbacktowatchthelightsD.thelightsweredirectlyconnectedtosomebasicdrives
SustainabledevelopmentisappliedtojustabouteverythingfromenergytocleanwaterandeconomicgrowthandasaresultithasbecomedifficulttoquestioneitherthebasicassumptionsbehinditorthewaytheconceptisputtousE.Thisisespeciallytrueinagriculturewheresustainabledevelopmentisoftentakenasthesolemeasureofprogresswithoutaproperappreciationofhistoricalandculturalperspectives.Tostartwithitisimportanttorememberthatthenatureofagriculturehaschangedmarkedlythroughouthistoryandwillcontinuetodoso.MedievalagricultureinnorthernEuropefedclothedandshelteredapredominantlyruralsocietywithamuchlowerpopulationdensitythanitistoday.IthadminimaleffectonbiodiversityandanypollutionitbroughtaboutwastypicallylocalizeD.Intermsofenergyuseandthenutrientscapturedintheproductitwasrelativelyinefficient.Contrastthiswithfarmingsincethestartoftheindustrialrevolution.Competitionfromoverseasledfarmerstospecializeandincreaseyields.ThroughoutthisperiodfoodbecamecheapersafeandmorereliablE.Howeverthesechangeshavealsoledtohabitatlossandtodiminishingbiodiversity.What’smoredemandforanimalproductsindevelopingcountriesisgrowingsofastthatmeetingitwillrequireanextra300milliontonsofgrainayearby2050yetthegrowthofcitiesandindustryisreducingtheamountofwateravailableforagricultureinmanyregions.Allthismeansthatagricultureinthe21stcenturywillhavetobeverydifferentfromhowitwasinthe20th.Thiswillrequireradical激进的thinking.Forexampleweneedtomoveawayfromtheideathattraditionalpracticesareinevitablymoresustainablethannewones.Wealsoneedtoabandonthenotionthatagriculturecanbezeroimpact.ThekeywillbetoabandontherathersimpleandstaticmeasuresofsustainabilitywhichcentreontheneedtomaintainproductionwithoutincreasingdamagE.InsteadweneedamoredynamicinterpretationonethatlooksattheprosandconsofallthevariouswaylandisuseD.Therearemanydifferentwaystomeasureagriculturalperformancebesidesfoodyield:energyuseenvironmentalcostswaterpuritycarbonfootprintandbiodiversity.ItisclearforexamplethatthecarbonoftransportingtomatoesfromSpaintotheUKislessthanthatofproducingthemintheUKwithadditionalheatingandlightingbutwedonotknowwhetherlowercarbonfootprintswillalwaysbebetterforbiodiversity.Whatiscrucialisrecognizingthatsustainableagricultureisnotjustaboutsustainablefoodproduction.72.Howdopeopleoftenmeasureprogressinagriculture?A.ByitsproductivityB.ByitsimpactontheenvironmentC.ByitssustainabilityD.Byitscontributiontoeconomicgrowth73.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftraditionalfarmingpractices?A.TheyhaveremainedthesameoverthecenturiesB.TheyhavenotkeptpacewithpopulationgrowthC.TheyarenotnecessarilysustainableD.Theyareenvironmentallyfriendly74.Whatwillagriculturebelikeinthe21stcentury?A.ItwillgothroughradicalchangesB.ItwillsupplymoreanimalproductsC.ItwillabandontraditionalfarmingpracticesD.Itwillcausezerodamagetotheenvironment75.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.ToremindpeopleoftheneedofsustainabledevelopmentB.TosuggestwaysofensuringsustainablefoodproductionC.ToadvancenewcriteriaformeasuringfarmingprogressD.Tourgepeopletorethinkwhatsustainableagricultureis.
TheUnitedStateswillintroduceanewandcomprehensive综合的examforstudentswhoseektostudyinAmericanandotherEnglish-speakingcountriesXinhuaNewsAgencyreportedfromNewYork.TheexamwhichstandsforagreatchangefromthecurrentEnglishleveltestwasdisclosedbyTheresaChangWeiJenassociatedirectoroftheInternationalServiceoftheUSCollegeBoardAmerica’sleadingeducationalorganization.TheAdvancedPlacementInternationalEnglishLanguageAPIELwillbeofferedforthefirsttimethroughouttheworldonMay102002saidJen.HowevertheAPIELisastrangetitletomostChinesestudentsanditisunlikelytosoongainthesimilarityofotheralreadyexistingexamssuchastheTOEFLTestofEnglishasaForeignLanguagetheGREGraduateRecordExaminationortheIELTSInternationalEnglishLanguageTestingSystem.IhaveneverheardofsuchatestandIwouldprefertheIELTSifIneedanotherexamsaidXuJingyanagraduatingstudentfromBeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronauticswhowantstostudyinEnglandandhasalreadytakentheTOEFL.MostofXu’sclassmateshaveneverheardoftheAPIEL.TheAPIELisdesignedforinternationalstudentswhowishtogetuniversitystudiesinEnglish-speakingcountriesincludingtheUnitedStatesBritainCanadaandAustraliA.saidJen.TheAPIELhasbeenadoptedsaidJenbecausetheTOEFLcannolongeraccuratelyreflecttheabilitiesofstudentsofusingtheEnglishlanguagecomprehensivelyinanacademicenvironment.XinhuareportedthatafairlylargenumberofforeignstudentswhoearnedhighscoresinTOEFLexamturnedouttobeveryordinaryeducationalperformersafteradmission.ComparedwiththeTOEFLtheAPIELmeasuresastudent’sabilitytoreadwritespeakandunderstandEnglishthroughtestinghisorherskillsinlisteningcomprehensionspeakingwithaccuracy精确andresourcefulnessandwritingwithclarityandfluency流畅JensaiD.TheUnitedStateswillintroduceanewexambecause_______.A.moreandmorestudentswanttogetfurthereducationintheUSAB.theChinesepeoplepayspecialattentiontoEnglishstudieswithChina’sentryintotheWTOC.thealreadyexistingexamsystemsseemtobefarfromperfectD.itwillbringtheUSgovernmentquitealotofmoneyWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtotheselectionA.ItwilltakequiteaperiodoftimeforpeopletoaccepttheAPIEL.B.TheTOEFLismorepopularwiththeChinesethantheIELTS.C.A.studentwillhavetotaketheAPIELifheorshewantstostudyinEnglish—speakingcountriesfrom2002.D.ChinesestudentswillprefertheIELTSratherthantheAPIELeveninthefuturE.Theunderlinedwordcurrentinthesecondparagraphmeans_______.A.modernB.presentC.standardD.formalPleasedecidewhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthisnewsreport.A.TheKeytoEnglish-speakingCountriesB.TheFourSkillsinLearningEnglishC.TOEFLIELTSandGREtobeOutofDateD.NewExamDesignedforStudents
DWhatisagoodeducation?ThequestionisfarfrombeinganswereD.Oncemorecollegesanduniversitiesarechangingtheirprograms:theydropfuncoursesandrestartsomeofthetraditionalsubjectsneglected忽视sincethe1960s.ManygreatschoolsareagainrequiringthestudentstotakeanumberofclassesinEnglishhistoryliteraturethesocialsciencesphilosophythenaturalsciencesandartiftheywanttogetadegreE.MeanwhiletheexpertsaretryingtodescribethegoodeducationofourtimE.Obviouslythepurelyvocationaltrainingoncefavoredisnotenough.Butneitheristhegentleman'seducationofthenineteenthcentury.Educationalprogramsmustmeetthedemandsofamodernworldwheremenandwomenhavetoworkandtodealwithbigproblems.Whatthenisagoodeducationofthiscentury?Someeducatorssuggestthatitshouldincludeforeignlanguagesandthestudyofforeigncultures;amasteryofEnglishincludingtheabilitytowriteandspeakwellbecausecommunicationshavebecomeall-importantinthemodernworldandalsobecauseapersonwhodoesn'tspeakandwriteclearlydoesn'treasonclearlyeither;someknowledgeofthesocialsciencessociologypsychologythatdealwithhumanrelationsandhumanproblems;somebasicknowledgeofmodernsciencewhichwouldenablefuturevoterstobebetterinformedaboutcurrentproblemslikenuclear.Finallymanyeducatorsinsistthatallcollegegraduatesshouldbefamiliarwithcomputersandmoderninformationsystemsincetheeducatedprofessionalsoftomorrowwillhavetounderstandtheirmachines.Isthatall?Noofcoursenot.answertheeducators.Wehavenotmentionedthetwogreatbuildingblocksofeducation:historyandliterature!71.Thebesttitleforthispassagemightbe_______.A.EducationB.AMasteryofEnglishC.AGoodEducationD.SomethingAboutStudy72.Theunderlinedworddropinthefirstparagraphmeans_______.A.desertB.dislikeC.declineD.neglect73.Theauthorthinksthatthequestionaboutwhatagoodeducationis_______.A.hasbeenansweredfairlywellB.hasn'tbeenputforwardyetC.hasbeendealtwithsuccessfullyD.hasnotbeenansweredsatisfactorily74.SomeeducationalexpertsbelieveamasteryofEnglishshouldincludetheability_______.A.toreadfastB.towriteandspeakwellC.towriteclearlyandaccuratelyD.tolistenandspeakskillfully75.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentionedinthepassage?A.EducationalprogramsmustmeetthedemandofamodernworlD.B.ThestudentswillnotgetadegreeunlesstheytakeanumberofclassesinEnglishhistoryliteraturethesocialsciencesphilosophythenaturalsciencesandart.C.AgoodeducationshouldincludeforeignlanguageandthestudyofforeignculturE.D.Everystudentoughttotakepartinmilitarytraining.
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