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某实验小组进行“探究凸透镜成像规律”的实验： （1）由图甲可知，该凸透镜的焦距是 cm． （2）实验时凸透镜与光屏的高度已调好，但烛焰在光屏上像的位置偏高，要想使像成在光屏中央，应调节蜡烛...
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在探究凸透镜成像规律的实验中已知凸透镜的焦距为15cm若将蜡烛放在离凸透镜10cm处时移动光屏在光屏
倒立、缩小的实像
倒立、放大的实像
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无法成像
小强利用家里的放大镜焦距已知蜡烛火柴光屏白纸板做探究凸透镜成像规律的实验.1还需要添加的实验器材是2
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某兴趣小组的同学在研究凸透镜成像规律实验时记录并绘制了物体离凸透镜的距离u跟实像到凸透镜的距离v之间
60cm
40cm
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在探究凸透镜成像的规律实验中1将蜡烛凸透镜和光屏依次摆放在______________2点燃蜡烛调整
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在探究凸透镜成像规律的实验中当烛焰凸透镜光屏处于图1所示的位置时恰能在光屏上得到一个清晰的像利用这种
某实验小组进行探究凸透镜成像规律的实验1由图甲可知该凸透镜的焦距是_____________cm2实
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Partlyduetoahistoricaldevelopmentmarkedbyworldwidecolonialismurbanizationandglobalizationinthecourseofthiscenturyhumankindislikelytoexperienceitsmostextremeculturalloss.AsK.DavidHarrisonnotesinWhenLanguagesDieThelastspeakersofprobablyhalfoftheworld'slanguagesarealivetoday.Theirchildrenorgrandchildrenarepressuredtospeakonlythedominantlanguageoftheircommunityorcountry.Underoneestimatemorethan50%ofthe6900orsolanguagesidentifiednowadaysareexpectedtobecomeextinctinamatterofafewdecades. Theprecisecriteriaforwhatcountsasadistinctlanguagearecontroversial﹣especiallythoseregardingcloselyrelatedlinguisticsystemswhichareofteninaccuratelyreferredtoasdialects方言ofthesamelanguage.Theproblemiscomplicatedbytheinsufficiencyofstudiesaboutthegrammarofmanyoftheworld'sendangeredlanguages.Inadditionfromacognitivestandpointanytwogroupsofindividualswhoselanguagesaremutuallyunderstandablemayinfacthavedistinctmentalgrammars. Asacognitivesystemalanguageshowsdynamicpropertiesthatcannotexistindependentlyofitsspeakers.ThisisthesenseinwhichtheAnatolianlanguagesandDalmatianareextinct.Thereforelanguagepreservationdependsonthemaintenanceofthenative﹣speakinghumangroups.Unfortunatelythemostacceleratedlossofdistinctlanguagestakesplacewhereeconomicdevelopmentisrapidworseningthebreakdownofminoritycommunitiesthatspeakdifferentlanguages.InthisperspectivealanguageoftenbeginstodielongbeforethepassingofthelastspeakerNewgenerationsmaystartusingitonlyforlimitedpurposesincreasinglyshiftingtothecommunity'sdominantlanguage.Inthisprocessknowledgeofthedyinglanguageerodesbothattheindividuallevelandatthecommunitylevel. Justasanecosystembecomeslessrichbytheextinctionofaspeciessotoodoesasocietywiththeextinctionofalanguage.PresentingmanycasestudiesHarrisonalinguistatSwarthmoreCollegearguesthattheextinctionofacommunity'slanguageinvolvesmajorlossofknowledgeofitsculturalheritagee.g.historyfolkloreliteratureandmusicandofitsunderstandingofthelocalflorafaunaandecosystem.Stillalthoughtheseclosetiesdoexistthemaintenanceofalanguageandofotheraspectsofculturalheritagearenotalwaysmutuallydependent.Culturalchangecansometimesbethebestguaranteethatagroupwillbeabletomaintainitslanguageandevensurvive.MajorworldlanguagesincludingEnglishFrenchHindi﹣UrduandSpanishachieveddominantstatuspartlybecauseoftheirspeakers'abilitytoovercomebymeansofculturalortechnologicalchangethechallengesandthreatsfromtheirenvironmentincludingotherpeople. Linguisticdiversityitselfmaybetheworstlossatstakebecauseitmaybethemostpromisingandprecisesourceofevidencefortherangeofvariationallowedintheorganizationofthehumancognitivesystem.ForinstanceHarrisondiscussesmanystrategiesforcontrollingquantitiesacrosslanguagesoftenendangeredones.Therapidlossoflinguisticdiversitysubstantiallyblockscomparativeinvestigationaboutthemultiplewaysinwhichasinglecognitivedomain领域canbeorganized. Linguistsarewellawarethattheireffortsalonecannotpreventthisloss.Communityinvolvementespeciallywithgovernmentsupporthasprovenessentialinslowingorevenreversinglanguagelossindifferentcasese.g.BasqueandIrish.Cruciallyendangeredlanguagesmustbeacquiredbynewgenerationsofspeakers.HerethebiologicalmetaphoradoptedbyHarrisonappliesappropriately﹣documentationofdeadlanguagesissimilartoafossilrecordprovidingonlypartialcluesaboutcomplexcognitivesystems. 1Accordingtothefirstparagraphlanguageloss. A.isexpectedtooccurinafewcenturies B.isthemostextremeculturallosspeoplehaveexperienced C.occursinlessthanhalfoftheworld's6900languages D.iscausedpartlybycolonialismurbanizationandglobalization 2Oneofthedifficultiesindifferentiatingonelanguagefromanotheristhat. A.onelanguagemayhavemanydialects B.theyaredialectsofthesamelanguages C.grammarstudyonsomeendangeredlanguagesisnotenough D.grammarsreflectedbylanguagesaretotallydifferent 3Thestartoflanguagedyingisindicatedby. A.theofficialbanonspeakingit B.thedisappearanceofitslastspeakers C.itsnewgenerations'decreaseduseofit D.thefactthatnewgenerationsstopusingit 4Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheworderodesinthethirdparagraph? A.fades B.extends C.erupts D.evolves 5Measuresthatcanbetakentopreventlanguagelossinclude. A.conductingcomparativeinvestigationacrosslanguages B.turningendangeredlanguagesintodominantlanguages C.relyingonthejointeffortsoflinguistsandgovernment D.protectingminoritygroupsbyslowingeconomicgrowth 6Wecaninferfromthemetaphorinthelastparagraphthat. A.fossilrecordsgiveacompletepictureofancientlives B.deadlanguagesaresimilartofossilsinbiologicalsense C.deadlanguagescanremainaliveiftheyaredocumentedproperly D.documentationisnotenoughforustounderstanddeadlanguages
Agooddisguisekeepsyouhiddenright?Wellsometimesthebestdisguiseisactuallythemostdazzlingbecauseresearchrevealsthatflashymetalliciridescence金属彩虹色canvisuallypuzzlepredatorswhichallowscolorfulpreytosurviveanotherday.ThosesurprisingresultsappearinthejournalScientificReports. Shiningiridescentcolorwhichchangesdependingontheanglefromwhichit'sviewedisfavoredbyeverythingfrombirdstobeetlesandblossomstobutterflies. Andinourresearchgroupweareofcourseinterestedinwhythisvividmetalliccolorissowidespreadinnature.KarinKjernsmooftheUniversityofBristoladdsthatinsomecasestheshowysplashesoflightareasexualstrategy.HereIwouldliketopointoutthatinsomespeciesparticularlythosethatdisplaystrongsexualdimorphism雌雄两性suchasbirdsofparadiseorsomebutterfliesorfishestheoccurrenceofiridescenceismostlikelydrivenbysexualselection.Forexampleinmanyofthesecasesitisthemalesthathavethesevividiridescentcolorsandtheyusetheminmatechoiceortheyusethemasasignaltoattractmates.Butiridescencealsoshowsupinsituationswherereproductionisnotanissue.Sowhatwearestudyingnowiswhethernaturalselectionimposedbypredation捕食行为couldexplaintheoccurrenceofiridescenceinpreyanimals. Theideathateye﹣catchingcolorscouldbeusedasacover﹣upisn'tanewone.ThefatherofcamouflagetheoryAbbottThayerreallybelievedthatiridescenceshouldbecategorizedasacamouflagestrategy.AndhewroteinhisfamouslifeworkConcealing﹣ColorationintheAnimalKingdomalreadyin1909that‘brilliantlychangeableormetalliccolorsareamongthestrongestfactorsinananimal'sconcealment'.Andthissoundslikeacompletelyunreasonablethingtosaybecausehowcancolorsthatarebothbrilliantandchangeablecontributetoanimal'sconcealment? Inasimilarwaywewereaskingwhetheriridescenceduetoitschangeabilitycouldworkasaformofcamouflagebypreventingshaperecognition.Kjernsmoandhercolleaguestrainedbumblebeestoassociateaparticularshape﹣acircleoranoval﹣withasugarreward.Andtheyfoundthatthebeeswhengivenachoicewouldpreferentiallyvisittheshapetheyknewtobesweet.Butwhentheshapeswereiridescentthebeeshadtroubletellingthemapart.Itseemedthatthestrikinglyiridescentsurfacesonourtargetsvisuallybrokeuptheotherwiserecognizableshapeofthetargetswhichmadethemhardtodistinguish.AsformakinguseofthismethodforhidinginplainsightAnypracticalapplicationsisofcoursedirectlylinkedtoanyindustrythathasaninterestincamouflagethatishowtoconcealobjectsormakethemmoredifficulttorecognize.Theresearchersarecurrentlyconductingexperimentswithbirdswhichoftenpreyoniridescentinsectstoseeifithelpstohaveabird's﹣eyeview. 1Accordingtothepassageiridescenceisnotmadeuseofbyanimalsto. A.livealittlelongerbyescapingtheirpredator捕食者 B.catchtheattentionoftheirmates C.concealthemselveswhenindanger D.catchsightofmorecolorfulpreys 2Fromthestudyinthelastparagraphwecanlearnthat. A.Beescanalwaystellthedifferencebetweenacircleandanoval B.Beesarecreaturesthatarefascinatedbysweetthingsthatareiridescent C.Ifacirclewithasugarrewardisiridescentthebeesmayhavedifficultyfindingit D.Beesarelikelytoprefercirclestoovalswhethertheyareiridescentornot 3Whatwillbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph? A.Whetherthereareanydifferencesbetweenbeesandbirds. B.Someindustriesthathavegreatinterestincamouflage. C.Whybirdsarenotaffectedbyiridescentinsects. D.Whichcamouflagetheoryappliesmoretobirds.
GrowinguponadairyfarmwasemotionalandeducationalandmademewhoIamtoday. Duringmychildhoodtherewerespecialcowswhotaughtmeimportantlifelessonsand1ofthembringasmiletomyfaceandateartomyeye. ItallstartedwithThunderthefirstcowIrecall2.WhenIwasabout4yearsoldIusedtoclimbupandspendhoursbrushingherandtalkingtoher3myparentsdidthemilking.Shewastrulymyfriend4Isharedallmysecretsandstories. ThenonedaymyparentstoldmeitwastimeforThundertogotothemarket.RealizingThunderwas5andIwasupset.Withtears6inmyeyesIgaveheronelasthugandwatchedherrolledoutofthedriveway.IlearnedfromThunderthatcowsarenotpets﹣whentheycannolongergivemilktheyare7tosupplybeef﹣anoblepurpose.Thundertaughtmeselflessnessandnobility. Mollywasthenextcowtoteachmeavaluablelesson.8hernaughtypersonalityItookMollytothecountyfairforshoweveryyear.Wealwaysdidwell9thespecialbondbetweenusthatthejudgescouldsee.WhenMollywas4yearsoldweevenbecamethechampion.WiththathugeshinyredcupIthoughtwewere10.IwassureMollywasthebestcowonthewholefairgrounds. Howeverintheopenshowacouplemonthslaterwewerehandedthemustard﹣coloredribbonoffourthplace.Myfirstinstinctwasto11thejudgewhoclearlydidn'tknowwhathewasdoing.Afterwatchingmepout噘嘴forawhileMotherchattedwithmeaboutsportsmanshipand12.Mollywasagreatcowbutshewasn'tthebestthatdayandthatwasOK.Mollytaughtmetobehumble. WhenIwas10myfathergavemea6﹣year﹣oldcowGingertoshow.Shewasabigbeautifulblackcowandshereallydidn'twantalittlekid13heraroundashowring.IworkedhardthatsummerleadingGingerupanddownourlongdrivewaysweatingheavilywiththe14.Butitwasall15thefirstyearGingerneededtobepushedaroundthewholering.Iwas16andfrustrated.ButIkeptworkingwithherand17thestubbornoldcowgaveinand18sheenjoyedtheshowring.Wewentonformanyyearsevenwinningshowmanshipseveraltimes.ThroughGingerIlearnedthathardworkpaysoffanddedicationproduces19. Sincethenmorecowshave20mylife.Ihopesomedaymyownsoncantellasimilarstoryfromalifespentwithanimalsonthefamilyfarm. 1A.judgments B.analyses C.losses D.memories 2A.bondingwith B.cateringto C.takingon D.adaptingto 3A.still B.while C.but D.so 4A.withwhom B.towhom C.withthem D.tothem 5A.leaving B.suffering C.adopted D.lost 6A.gettingover B.breakingdown C.wellingup D.occurringto 7A.bound B.meant C.promoted D.transferred 8A.Inspiteof B.Incaseof C.Inhonorof D.Intermsof 9A.butfor B.thanksto C.aswith D.apartfrom 10A.inconvincible B.unimaginable C.unbearable D.unconquerable 11A.contact B.dismiss C.blame D.fight 12A.diligence B.craftsmanship C.bravery D.modesty 13A.accompanying B.pushing C.dragging D.walking 14A.attention B.effort C.desire D.skill 15A.invain B.ontrac kC.inplace D.atrandom 16A.prejudiced B.embarrassed C.critical D.skeptical 17A.luckily B.literally C.eventually D.typically 18A.confirmed B.calculated C.estimated D.decided 19A.freedom B.efficiency C.discipline D.rewards 20A.created B.comforted C.impacted D.relieved
Todayrapiddevelopmentoftransportationandcommunicationthewholeworldseemstobesmaller. A.regardlessof B.inspiteof C.insteadof D.onaccountof
onelectricitythatpeopleareunabletodoalmostanythingwithoutit. A.Suchisdependence B.Suchdependencedoes C.Sotheyaredependent D.Sodotheydepend
WhatwearelookingforareChineseuniversitiestoworkwithhavetheobjectiveofhavingthemostimpactonthewholeofsociety. A.that B.who C.thosethat D.where
MyhusbandgavemeanecklaceasapresentonChristmaswhatIreallywantedwashisphysicalpresence. A.since B.unless C.when D.before
OnacoolgraymorningWilsonoleKasaineheadsoutalongadirtpathdeepinthesavannahofsouthernKenya.Soft﹣spokenandseriousKasainestopstotakenoteofasmalltreestrippedofitsbarkbyahungryelephant.Kasaineistrackinglions﹣ratherhe'strackingonelioninparticular.HisnameisMartiandhe'sthereal﹣lifeLionKingofSelenkayConservancy. SittingintheshadowofMountKilimanjaroSelenkayliesjustnorthoftheTanzanianborder.TheconservancyishometotheMaasaiatribeofpeoplewidelyrecognizedformaintainingtraditionalcustomsandsocialstructures.Conservancylandissharedbetweencommunitymembersmostofwhomareherdsmenwhorelyonthisopenlandtoraisetheircattlesheepandgoats. TrackinglionsonfootmaysoundlikeadeathwishbutKasainehasbeendoingitformostofhislife.BorntoatraditionalMaasaifamilyhequicklygrewtounderstandthebeautyandriskofthewildlife.Livingwithbiggame猎物forceshimtodevelopagoodsenseofwhereanimalshavebeenandwheretheymightbegoing.Duringhis12﹣kilometerwalkstoandfromschoolhelearnedhowtotellthepawprintofalionfromthatofaleopard. GrowingupKasaineknewthathoninghistrackingabilitieswouldhelphimavoidsurpriseencounterswiththemassivemegafauna.Formanyinthecommunitytrackingwasmainlyamatterofself﹣protection.ButKasainelikelydidn'tknowthatyearslaterhewouldbetrackinglionsspecificallytoencounterthem﹣andtoprotectthem.Todayheleadsasmallgroupofwide﹣eyedtouristsoveroneoftheconservancy'sredsandypathssearchingforthelionthathasleftuponithismassiveunmistakableprints. EachyeartensofthousandsoftouristsflocktoKenya'snationalparkstotrytocatchaglimpseofthebigfiveelephantsrhinocerosleopardsbuffalosandlions.Onthemacro﹣levelthenation'seconomyistiedtotheprotectionofitswildlife.Parkfeeslodgingandsafariservicesrakeinmillionsofdollarsannually.Thetourismindustryaccountsforover12%ofKenya'sGDPandemploysmorethan300000people.Clearlythere'smorethantheenvironmentallymotivatedpreservationofanimalsandtheirhabitatsatstake.IfKenya'swildlifedisappearssodoesitssecond﹣largestsourceofincome. ConsideringtherapidurbanexpansionanddevelopmenttakingplaceinKenyathisisn'tunimaginable.In2016thePublicLibraryofSciencepublishedastudyshowingthatmanyofthenation'smosttreasuredspecies﹣includinggiraffewildebeestandGrevy'szebra﹣havefallentolessthanone﹣thirdoftheirpopulationcountedjust40yearsago.Thenumberoflionstoohasplummeted.In1998thenationwashometoover15000onlyestimated2000remaintoday.Severalexpertshavepredictedtheycoulddisappearentirelyfromthecountryinthenexttwodecades. WildlifeprotectioneffortsinKenyahavehistoricallyconsistedofstakingoutandfencingofflandexclusivelyforanimals﹣andthepeoplewhopaytoseethem﹣inthehopesofkeepingtheseregionsunmarred未破坏的byhumandevelopment.Butthisalsomeantthatthepeoplewhohadoriginallylivedtherewereforcedofftheirlandandintosmallersurroundingregions.Oncesemi﹣nomadiccommunitieslikeKasaine'sarenowfindingitincreasinglydifficulttomaintainatraditionalMaasailifestyle.Manyaresellinglandtobigdevelopersinexchangeforcash. Livingonthebordersofnationalparksmostcommunitiesareexcludedfromtheeconomicbenefitsofthewildlifetourismbroughttotheveryregionstheyoncecalledhome.TribesliketheMaasaifindthemselvesatoddswithconservationeffortsthathavestrippedthemoftheirlandlesslandmeansthere'slessgrassfortheircattletoeat.WhendroughthitstheycannolongertaketheirhungrycattleintothegreenerregionsnowreservedforwildlifeandbecausewildlifenaturallymigratesbeyondthebordersofthesereservestheMaasaiarecompetingwiththecarnivores食肉动物ofthesavannahwhichthreatentodestroytheirlivestock﹣andtheirlivelihood.Butthetimewillshowthemwhetherit'sworthwhiletolivewiththelionssomeday. 1WhatdoweknowabouttheMaasaiaccordingtothepassage? A.Theyarealwayshuntingforthelions. B.Theyaregoodatfeedinglargecarnivores. C.Theyarestilllivingatraditionallifenowadays. D.Theydevotethemselvestoenvironmentalprotection. 2WhydidKasainedevelophisabilitytotrackanimalsfirst? A.Tocatchsightofmorepreciouswildlife. B.Toprotecthimselffromwildlife'sattacks. C.Tofullyappreciatethebeautyofwildlife. D.Tosaveendangeredwildlifefromextinction. 3WhyisitespeciallyimportantforKenyatoprotectitswildlife? A.Ithelpsitexploretheoriginofspecies. B.Ithelpsmaintainitsecologicalbalance. C.Ithelpsguaranteeitseconomicalincome. D.Ithelpsitearnaninternationalreputation. 4TheauthorlistssomespeciesinParagraph6inordertoshow. A.theurgencyofprotectingwildlifeinKenya B.theharmofkillingwildlifecasuallyinKenya C.thenecessityofdevelopingtheeconomyinKenya D.thevalueofpreservingendangeredspeciesinKenya 5Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseatoddswithinthelastparagraphmean? A.infavorof B.inchargeof C.inharmonywith D.indisagreementwith 6Whatisthebesttitleofthistext? A.WilsonKasaine'sWiseChoice B.RunningintoaDangerousAnimal C.TheMaasai'sGreatTrouble D.LearningtoLivewithLions
DespitetheuniversalacknowledgementoftheharmfulimpactofInternetaddictionpersuadinglargenumbersofcitizenstospendlesstimeonlineis. A.Achilles'heel B.aHerculeantask C.theTrojanwar D.aJekyllandHyde
Wecompletedonethirdoftheprojectandtheloaninplacewehadtodelaytheresttillthenextmonth. A.notarranged B.wasnotarranged C.notarranging D.hadnotbeenarranged
AustinPerineisnotatypicalsuperhero.Twothingssethimapart.Hisenemyisnot1tothepagesofacomicbook﹣Austin'senemieshungerand2areveryreal.Alsohe'sonlyfouryearsold. Ourhero'sstorystartedthispastFebruary3AustinandhisfatherTJPerinewerewatchingaprogramaboutsomehomelessbabypandas.Austindidn'tknowwhathomelessnessmeantbuthewas4andwantedtoknowmore.TJsays. Seeingthisasa5momentTJtookAustintotheFirehouseMinistriesalocalshelterthat6homelessmen.DadtheylooksadAustinsaid.Canwetakethemsomefoodandmakethem7?ThatdayAustinusedhis8tobuyeachmanaBurgerKingsandwichandhandedthefoodouthimself.Seeingwhattheir9meanttothemenattheministryAustinandTJreturnedthenextweek.Austinagain10intohispiggybanktobuysandwicheswhichhehandedoutalongwithhisnewcatchphrase口头禅Don'tforgettoshowlove! AfterhereturnedeveryweekforfiveweekswordofAustin'sactsof11spread.BurgerKingjumpedaboardagreeingto12﹩1000amonthforanentireyeartowardthe13.SoonchurchesandsheltersacrossthecountrybeganinvitingAustintodistributefoodinotherpoverty﹣strickenareas.WhereasbeforeAustinandTJcouldfeed25to50peopleatatimenow14corporateandcommunitysupporttheycanfeed800to2000peopleatonce. ButAustinisn'tjustfillingbellies.He'simprovingthe15ofthosehemeets.OnthatfirsttriptoFirehouseMinistriesTJandAustintalkedtoamannamedRaymont.TherespectAustinshowedto41﹣year﹣oldRaymont16themanandhesharedwithTJjusthowgratefulhewastobetreatedso17byafour﹣year﹣oldstranger.TJhelpedRaymontcollectallthedocumentsheneededtogetadriver'slicensewhichhelpedRaymontgetajob.Andwithmoneyinthebankhewasableto18hisownapartment.Allthatwasmadepossiblebecausealittleboytookthetimeto19. AndnowAustincontinuestogiveoutfoodsmilesandhis20messageoflove.ItmakesmefeellikeI'msavingtheday. 1A.attached B.restricted C.dedicated D.applied 2A.homelessness B.disability C.prejudice D.disasters 3A.where B.when C.until D.that 4A.disappointed B.hopeless C.annoyed D.depressed 5A.admirable B.worthwhile C.teachable D.sensitive 6A.settlesfor B.makesfor C.providesfor D.allowsfor 7A.smile B.consume C.surprise D.appreciate 8A.revenues B.allowance C.commission D.admission 9A.presence B.schedule C.discovery D.promise 10A.looked B.burst C.knocked D.dipped 11A.friendliness B.neighborliness C.happiness D.kindness 12A.donate B.invest C.arrange D.allocate 13A.expectation B.project C.cause D.struggle 14A.accordingto B.thanksto C.apartfrom D.farfrom 15A.images B.memories C.knowledge D.lives 16A.cured B.justified C.touched D.defended 17A.peacefully B.officially C.flexibly D.considerately 18A.rent B.repair C.decorate D.occupy 19A.attempt B.care C.dream D.shelter 20A.challenging B.ambitious C.inspirational D.natural
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