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某日,身背猎枪的甲骑摩托车经过一公路,见一辆载满皮货的大卡车停在路边,便顺手抽下一条皮毛(价值1000元)搭在自己肩上扬长而去。正在路边解手的司机发现后欲追回,但见甲身挎猎枪即不敢再追。后因该司机报案...
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公路上有三辆车正在同向行驶其中一辆是小明与父母乘坐的旅游客车小明看见前面的小轿车与他的距离保持不变后
在平直公路上一辆汽车以初速度为5m/s加速度为2m/s2做匀加速直线运动与此同时从此时刻开始计时前方
相距3750米的甲乙两车站之间有一条笔直的公路每隔2分钟有一辆摩托车由甲站出发以20米/秒的速度匀速
相距3750m的甲乙两车站之间有一条笔直的公路每隔2min有一辆摩托车由甲站出发以20m/s的速度匀
某日甲在街上闲逛时发现一辆摩托车停在路边车主乙正在和别人聊天甲趁乙不注意骑上摩托车就跑乙发现后追上前
抢劫罪
抢夺罪
盗窃罪
交通肇事罪
一辆小汽车与一辆装满货物的大卡车以相同的速度行驶小汽车的动能_______大卡车的动能填大于等于或小
一辆大卡车与一辆小卡车一起运送一批货物已知大卡车运4次小卡车运5次共能运44吨货物大卡车8次的运货量
一辆大卡车的载重量是8吨它的载重量是一辆轻型货车的4倍.一辆大卡车与一辆轻型货车的载重量的比是.
下列行为构成抢劫罪的是
甲骑一辆摩托车从陈某身边经过,拽下陈某脖子上的项链后,迅速逃离
乙骑一辆摩托车从张某身边经过,从身后去拽张某的挎包,张某死死拉住挎包,被甲强拉硬拽十几米后,挎包被乙抢走
丙骑一辆摩托车在一个巷子里把陈某强行逼倒后,把陈某的挎包抢走
丁骑一辆摩托车看见前方一位妇女独自行走,就用摩托车撞击该妇女,趁其没回过神来抢走其挎包
一辆小汽车与一辆大卡车在一段仅能通过一辆车的公路上相遇必须有一辆车倒车才能继续通行已知小汽车的速度
2:3
1:4
4:5
5:6
一辆小汽车与一辆装满货物的大卡车以相同的速度行驶小汽车的动能大卡车的动能.
在平直公路上一辆摩托车从静止出发追赶在正前方100m处正以v0=10m/s的速度匀速前进的卡车.若摩
某日甲在街道上闲逛时发现一辆摩托车停在路边车主乙正在和别人聊天甲趁乙 不注意骑上摩托车就跑乙发现后追
抢劫罪
抢夺罪
盗窃罪
交通肇事罪
下列各项不属于车辆购置税征税范围的是
大卡车
摩托车
无轨电车
自行车
乙向甲求购一辆摩托车甲看到路边正好停了一辆摩托车就指着这 辆摩托车说这辆便宜卖给你了乙遂给了甲500
甲构成诈骗罪,乙构成侵占罪
甲构成侵占罪,乙无罪
甲、乙构成盗窃罪的共犯
甲构成盗窃罪,乙构成掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得罪
交叉路口处有一辆静止的小汽车等候信号灯当绿灯亮时它以2m/s2的加速度起动与此同时一辆大卡车以10m
一辆二轮摩托车在路上因故障不能起动能否用另一辆摩托车牵引
一辆小汽车与一辆大卡车在一段仅能通过一辆车的公路上相遇必须有一辆车倒车才能继续通行已知小汽车的速度
2:3
1:4
4:5
5:6
一辆小卡车3次运45筐一辆大卡车一次运的是小卡车的8倍600筐用大卡车来运需运几次
某日身背猎枪的甲骑摩托车经过一公路见一辆载满皮货的大卡车停在路边便顺手抽下一条皮毛价值1000元搭在
抢劫罪
抢夺罪
持枪抢夺罪
盗窃罪
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Text4Overthepastfewdecadestherehasbeenaconsiderableincreaseintheuseofmathematicalanalysisbothforsolvingeverydayproblemsandfortheoreticaldevelopmentsofmanydisciplines.Forexampleeconomicsbiologygeographyandmedicinehaveallseenaconsiderableincreaseintheuseofquantitativetechniques.Twentyyearsagoappliedmathematicsmeanttheapplicationofmathematicstoproblemsinmechanicsandlittleelse--nowappliedmathematicsorasmanypeopleprefertocallitapplicablemathematicscouldrefertotheuseofmathematicsinmanyvariedareas.Theoneunifyingthemethattheseapplicationshaveisthatofmathematicalmodelingbywhichwemeantheconstructionofamathematicalmodeltodescribethesituationunderstudy.Thisprocessofchangingareallifeproblemintoamathematicaloneisnotatalleasywehastentoaddalthoughoneoftheoverallaimsofthisbookistoimproveyourabilityasamathematicalmodeler.Therehavebeenmanybookswrittenduringthepastdecadeonthetopicofmathematicalmodeling;allthesebookshavebeendevotedtoexplaininganddevelopingmathematicalmodelsbutverylittlespacehasbeengiventohowtoconstructmathematicalmodelsthatishowtotakearealproblemandconvertitintoamathematicalone.Althoughweappreciatethatwemightnotyethavethebestmethodsforteachinghowtotacklerealproblemswedoatleastregardthismasteryofmodelformulationasacrucialstepandmuchofthisbookisdevotedtoattemptingtomakeyoumoreproficientinthisprocess.Ourbasicconceptisthatappliedmathematiciansbecomebettermodelersthroughmoreandmoreexperienceoftacklingrealproblems.Soinordertogetthemostoutofthisbookwestressthatyoumustmakeapositiveefforttotacklethemanyproblemsposedbeforelookingatthesolutionswehavegiven.Tohelpyoutogainconfidenceintheartofmodelingwehavedividedthebookintofourdistinctsections.Inthefirstsectionwedescribethreedifferentexamplesofhowmathematicalanalysishasbeenusedtosolvepracticalproblems.Thesearealltrueaccountsofhowmathematicalanalysishashelpedtoprovidesolutions.Wearenotexpectingyoutodomuchatthisstageexcepttoreadthroughthecasestudiescarefullypayingparticularattentiontothewayinwhichtheproblemshavebeentackled--theprocessoftranslatingtheproblemintoamathematicalone.Thesecondsectionconsistsofaseriesofrealproblemstogetherwithpossiblesolutionsandrelatedproblems.Eachproblemhasaclearstatementandweverymuchencourageyoutotrytosolvetheseproblemsinthefirstplacewithoutlookingatthesolutionswehavegiven.Theproblemsrequireforsolutiondifferentlevelsofmathematicsandyoumightfindyouhavenotyetcoveredsomeofthemathematicaltopicsrequired.Ingeneralwehavetriedtoorderthemsothatthelevelofmathematicsrequiredinthesolutionsincreaseasyoumovethroughtheproblems.Rememberthatweareonlygivingoursolutionsandparticularlyifyoudon’tlookatoursolutionyoumightwellhaveacompletelydifferentapproachwhichmightprovideabettersolution.Hereinthethirdsectionwetrytogiveyousomeadviceastohowtoapproachthetacklingofrealproblemsolvingandwegivesomegeneralconceptsinvolvedinmathematicalmodeling.Itmustthoughagainbestressedthatweareallconvincedthatexperienceistheall-importantingredientneededforconfidenceinmodelformulation.IfyouhavejustreadSectionsIand11withoutmakingatleastattemptsatyourownsolutionstosomeoftheproblemssetyouwillnothavegainedanyrealexperienceintacklingrealproblemsandthissectionwillnotreallybeofmuchhelp.OntheotherhandifyouhavetakentheproblemsolvingseriouslyinSectionⅡyoumightfindthegeneraladvicegivenherehelpful.Providedyouhavegainedsomeconfidenceintacklingrealproblemsolvingintheearlierpartsyouwillbeabletodabblewiththoseproblemsinthissectionwhichappealtoyou.Don’tfeelyoumustworksystematicallythroughthissectionbutlookforproblemsyouwanttosolve--thesearetheonesthatyouwillhavemostsuccessinsolving.Wehopethatthisbookwillatleastpointyouinthisdirection.Weareawarethatthisisnotafinalizedprecisesortoftextbutthenusingmathematicsinpracticalproblemsolvingisnotapreciseart.Itisfullofpitfallsariddifficulties;butdon’tdespairyouwillfindgreatexcitementandsatisfactionwhenyouhavehadyourfirstsuccessatrealproblemsolving! Overthepastfewdecadesthecommoninterestshowninappliedmathematicsis
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10pointsChina’sentryintotheWTOactuallyrepresentstheresultofathree-sidedwin-winsituation--ChinatheUnitedStatesandtheWTO.Chinastilladevelopingcountryhasatotaleconomiccapacity1seventhworldwideandisthe10thlargestnation2tradeworldwide.Inthe21stcenturyChina’seconomywillgreatly3theworldeconomy.WithoutChinatheWTOis4anditsrolegreatly5ThusChina’sentryintotheWTOisnecessaryfortheWTOto6itsuniversality.7theUnitedStatesChina’sentryintotheWTOwillrealizethegeneralneedsofthedevelopment8andthemutualinterestsofSino-U.S.9tradeandwillhelpgraduallysolvetheproblemofhugedeficitsintheU.S.tradewithChina.AsforChinathrough13yearsofdifficultnegotiationsChinahasfinallyrealizedits10ofjoiningtheWTOasadevelopingcountry:thebilateralagreementbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates11thisfundamentalprinciple.China’sentryintotheWTOasadevelopingcountryis12greatsignificanceimplyingasitdoesthatChinawillenjoyaccordingtolawadevelopingcountry’spreferentialarrangementsprotectionofandexportsubsidiesforitsembryonicindustriesaswellaselasticstipulationsinthetariffsystem.ForexampleChinawill13forasix-yearperioda25percentimporttaxrateforitsautoindustry;intheagriculturesectormostofmarketswheatmaizericecottonsugarandfertilizerwillbefranchisedbytheStatesoastoensuretheStatehas14meansofmacroeconomiccontrolthereby15farmers’interests;andthebankingsectorwillgraduallyopenduringatransitionalperiod.Moreoverinsomesectorsthemarketswillstillremainclosedoratleastthe’openingofthesemarketshastobespecifically16bytheChinesegovernment.Onlydevelopingcountrieshavetherighttoenjoytheabove-mentionedbufferopportunities.TheSino-U.S.agreementfurthercontainsno17prohibitingChinafromadoptingWTOexceptionalclauses;insteadChinacanadoptexceptionalclauseswhichareexclusively18todevelopingcountries.ThisobjectivelyrecognizesthatChinaenjoysstatusofadevelopingcountryandmeansthatChinacanadoptsuchexceptionalclausesasprotectionofitsinfantindustries.ShoulditsdomesticmarketsbeseriouslyaffectedorharmedbyexternalfactorsChinacanadopttemporarymeasurestocompensate.InshortChina’s19totheWTOasadevelopingcountryensuresthatChina’sobligationstotheWTOare20withitscurrentdevelopmentlevelthusgreatlyreducingthenegativeeffectstoChina’sindustriesresultingfromitsentryintotheWTO. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.13
Text3Darwinisbasicallyrightthoughonlytosomeextentthatspeciesandindividualscompetefightkillandsurvivalbelongstothefittest.Thisisoneofthemostimportantmechanismsbywhichlifeevolvesandmaintainsitsquality.Asthehumansocietybuildsuponandisanextensionoftheecosystemdoesitmeanthatforthehumansocietytoworkwellmanmustapplythismechanismtoher/hissocietyalso;sayletthosewhoarenotskillfulenoughtolandajobstarvetodeathWemaybeenlightenedwithrespecttothisquestionthroughtheexaminationofevolutioninanecosystemincomparisontothehumanhistory.TakingthemaritimeswamplandasanexamplethemangrovespeciesKandeliacandlecompetessuccessfullyoverothermangrovespeciesanddominatetheareachieflythroughtheevolutionofdroppersthatotherspeciesdonothave.TheseedsofKandeliacandlegrowintoseedlingsinsidethedroppersbeforeleavingtheirmotherplantbodyandwhenthedroppersstillhangonthebranchesoftheirmotherplant.Thedropper’sshapeislikeapenwithasharpandheavierlowerend.Sowhenitripensitdropsandinsertsitselftogetherwiththeseedlingintothemudbelowasaresultandtheseedlingcangetholdofthegroundstarttotapthemuchfresherwaterunderthemudsurface.ThisadaptiveevolutionofdroppersenablesKandeliacandletohaveamuchgreatersuccessfulrate.Seedsofothermangrovespeciesjustfinditdifficulttolocateasuitablesiteforthemtogrow.Whenitistheindustrialsocietythatdominatesaplaceitalwaysexploitsresourcesfromthelanddrainsoutnutrientsfromthesoilandplaysenvironmentalhavoctotheplaceasaresultofstupidhumanintelligenceandselfishhumanmanipulation.ButwhenthemangrovedominatesamudflatmillionsofNatureevolvedcomplexmechanismscometogetherwithit.Ittapswatermineralsfromthemudandthenletthemtocombinewithcarbondioxideintheairtoformthebuildingmaterialsofitsplantbodyfirstthroughtheprocessofphotosynthesisandthenthroughthesynthesisofvariousorganicmatters.Theeffectendsupprovidingmuchbetterandmorediverselivingenvironmentformorelandwaterandairspeciestodwellinevenforothercompetingmangrovespecies.Whendifferentracesofmancompetetodominatetheearththeendresultiscompletelyoppositeinsense.Oneofthemeanstheyevolvearemoreandmorepowerfulweaponssomeofthehumanracesalsoevolvedroppersbutthosedroppersaredroppersofnuclearbombswhicharealllifedestructivewhenused.Animalsneverburnupaforestorpracticefightingskillstwelvehoursadayinordertodefeattheircompetitors;theyjustletNaturecutouttheweakerorlessfortunateportionoftheirspeciesorthattheirspeciessimplycannotsurviveinthefirstplace.Onthecontrarymancanworkroundtheclockandexhaustallnaturalresourcesjusttodefeattheirenemieswhethermilitaryorcommercialaswecanallseeinourmodernsocieties.Suchpractice’generatesquitegraveproblems:Firstitpusheshumanactivitiesintoaverynarrowgoalofdefeatingtheirenemiesmilitarilyaswellaseconomically.Secondalltheavailabletimeenergyandresourcesofanindividualaswellasthesocietyareexhaustedbythecompetitionverylittleislefttootheractivitiessonearlyallmensufferverymuchintheprocessandcountlessnewproblemsbesiegemodernsocieties.Thirdasallparticipantsinputasmuchtimeenergyandresourcesascanbeexploitedbythemmostoftheseinputsarewasted.Sucheffortcreatesalotofwasteandexhaustsallresourcesasaresult.WeshouldalsoviewhowmanshouldconformtoNatureinsuchawaythatmanhastocompeteforsurvival.InfactthisisNature’swayoftellingmanhowtoact.Ifonlymancouldlistentothisinternalguidancebothmanandtheecosystemcouldlivemuchhappier.SomakingthehumanSocietyDarwinistisnotconformingtoNaturebutlivinginpeacebothmilitarilyandeconomicallywithothermanis. TolearnlessonsfromNaturetheauthoradvocatesthathumansshould
Text4Overthepastfewdecadestherehasbeenaconsiderableincreaseintheuseofmathematicalanalysisbothforsolvingeverydayproblemsandfortheoreticaldevelopmentsofmanydisciplines.Forexampleeconomicsbiologygeographyandmedicinehaveallseenaconsiderableincreaseintheuseofquantitativetechniques.Twentyyearsagoappliedmathematicsmeanttheapplicationofmathematicstoproblemsinmechanicsandlittleelse--nowappliedmathematicsorasmanypeopleprefertocallitapplicablemathematicscouldrefertotheuseofmathematicsinmanyvariedareas.Theoneunifyingthemethattheseapplicationshaveisthatofmathematicalmodelingbywhichwemeantheconstructionofamathematicalmodeltodescribethesituationunderstudy.Thisprocessofchangingareallifeproblemintoamathematicaloneisnotatalleasywehastentoaddalthoughoneoftheoverallaimsofthisbookistoimproveyourabilityasamathematicalmodeler.Therehavebeenmanybookswrittenduringthepastdecadeonthetopicofmathematicalmodeling;allthesebookshavebeendevotedtoexplaininganddevelopingmathematicalmodelsbutverylittlespacehasbeengiventohowtoconstructmathematicalmodelsthatishowtotakearealproblemandconvertitintoamathematicalone.Althoughweappreciatethatwemightnotyethavethebestmethodsforteachinghowtotacklerealproblemswedoatleastregardthismasteryofmodelformulationasacrucialstepandmuchofthisbookisdevotedtoattemptingtomakeyoumoreproficientinthisprocess.Ourbasicconceptisthatappliedmathematiciansbecomebettermodelersthroughmoreandmoreexperienceoftacklingrealproblems.Soinordertogetthemostoutofthisbookwestressthatyoumustmakeapositiveefforttotacklethemanyproblemsposedbeforelookingatthesolutionswehavegiven.Tohelpyoutogainconfidenceintheartofmodelingwehavedividedthebookintofourdistinctsections.Inthefirstsectionwedescribethreedifferentexamplesofhowmathematicalanalysishasbeenusedtosolvepracticalproblems.Thesearealltrueaccountsofhowmathematicalanalysishashelpedtoprovidesolutions.Wearenotexpectingyoutodomuchatthisstageexcepttoreadthroughthecasestudiescarefullypayingparticularattentiontothewayinwhichtheproblemshavebeentackled--theprocessoftranslatingtheproblemintoamathematicalone.Thesecondsectionconsistsofaseriesofrealproblemstogetherwithpossiblesolutionsandrelatedproblems.Eachproblemhasaclearstatementandweverymuchencourageyoutotrytosolvetheseproblemsinthefirstplacewithoutlookingatthesolutionswehavegiven.Theproblemsrequireforsolutiondifferentlevelsofmathematicsandyoumightfindyouhavenotyetcoveredsomeofthemathematicaltopicsrequired.Ingeneralwehavetriedtoorderthemsothatthelevelofmathematicsrequiredinthesolutionsincreaseasyoumovethroughtheproblems.Rememberthatweareonlygivingoursolutionsandparticularlyifyoudon’tlookatoursolutionyoumightwellhaveacompletelydifferentapproachwhichmightprovideabettersolution.Hereinthethirdsectionwetrytogiveyousomeadviceastohowtoapproachthetacklingofrealproblemsolvingandwegivesomegeneralconceptsinvolvedinmathematicalmodeling.Itmustthoughagainbestressedthatweareallconvincedthatexperienceistheall-importantingredientneededforconfidenceinmodelformulation.IfyouhavejustreadSectionsIand11withoutmakingatleastattemptsatyourownsolutionstosomeoftheproblemssetyouwillnothavegainedanyrealexperienceintacklingrealproblemsandthissectionwillnotreallybeofmuchhelp.OntheotherhandifyouhavetakentheproblemsolvingseriouslyinSectionⅡyoumightfindthegeneraladvicegivenherehelpful.Providedyouhavegainedsomeconfidenceintacklingrealproblemsolvingintheearlierpartsyouwillbeabletodabblewiththoseproblemsinthissectionwhichappealtoyou.Don’tfeelyoumustworksystematicallythroughthissectionbutlookforproblemsyouwanttosolve--thesearetheonesthatyouwillhavemostsuccessinsolving.Wehopethatthisbookwillatleastpointyouinthisdirection.Weareawarethatthisisnotafinalizedprecisesortoftextbutthenusingmathematicsinpracticalproblemsolvingisnotapreciseart.Itisfullofpitfallsariddifficulties;butdon’tdespairyouwillfindgreatexcitementandsatisfactionwhenyouhavehadyourfirstsuccessatrealproblemsolving! SectionⅢwillbeofnohelpunlessthereader
SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.40pointsText1MorethantwocenturiesafterBenjaminFranklinusedonetostudylightningateamofatmosphericscientistshasfoundthatkitesareapotentresearchtoolforstudyingairconditionsathighaltitudes.BenBalsleyandJohnBriksattheUniversityofColoradohavedevelopedakiteandinstrumentpackagetosampletheatmosphereupto3.5kilometershighforuptotwodaysatatime.Thekiteischeaperandmoreflexiblethanballoonsandaircraftthetraditionalvehiclesforatmosphericresearch.Withintwoyearstheteamexpectstoflykitesupto10kilometershighandBrikshopestousethesetomeasurecarbondioxideandmethaneemissionsovertheBrazilianrainforestandthetransportofairpollutantsovertheAtlanticOcean.Thekiteisa15-square-meterParafoilmadeofMylarwhich’isnotonlystrongbutunlikenylonJoesnotabsorbwater.Thekite"string"ismadeofKevlarfamousforitsuseinbullet-proofvestswhichissostrongthat6kilometersofitweighsjust18kilogramsyetcanwithstandaloadingof430kilograms.ThemostinnovativecomponentofthesystemistheTRAMorTetheredRoverforAtmosphericMeasurementswhichcanmovethesamplinginstruments’upanddownthetetherwhilethekitemaintainsaconstantaltitude."Ourinstrumentsmeasuresuchthingsastemperaturepressurehumidityandconcentrationsofozoneandotherairpollutants"Beasleyexplains."Weneedtogetcontinuousmeasurementsoverthecourseofdaysfromvariousaltitudes.Conventionalfreeballoonmethodscansamplesuchparametersbuttheycannotstayinanyonepositionandarelimitedtoaltitudesoftwokilometers.Aircraftcansampleatanyaltitudebuttheyareveryexpensivetooperateandcannotremaininonepositionformorethanfourhours."TheTRAMwhichisactuallyakite-likeaerofoilconnectedbysmallwheelstothekite’stethercanbeoperatedfromtheground.Itwillmoveupanddownthetetherormaintainagivenaltitudewhiletheinstrumentssampletheair."Animportantcostofballoonsamplingistheinstrumentpackagewhichtypicallycostsabout$1000andisalwayslost."Baselysays"NowwecanusetheinstrumentsontheTRAMandnotonlygetmoredatabutreuseitagainandagain"TheTRAMwithitsinstrumentsincludingtheradiotelemetrylinktothescientistsonthegroundweighs6kilogramsincludingbatteriesthatcanpoweritfortwodays.BaselyandhiscolleaguesarecontinuingtoimprovethekiteandTRMAandexpanditscapacitiesbutBaselynotesthatitdoeshaveitslimitations:"Thekitecanonlyliftabout10kilogramsandthismeanstheequipment’spowerrequirementsmustbelowtoo.Weneedlocationswithsteadyrelativelystrongwindsandmustalsoavoidairtraffic." WhatdoesthewordWhichinline3ofthethirdparagraphreferto
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10pointsChina’sentryintotheWTOactuallyrepresentstheresultofathree-sidedwin-winsituation--ChinatheUnitedStatesandtheWTO.Chinastilladevelopingcountryhasatotaleconomiccapacity1seventhworldwideandisthe10thlargestnation2tradeworldwide.Inthe21stcenturyChina’seconomywillgreatly3theworldeconomy.WithoutChinatheWTOis4anditsrolegreatly5ThusChina’sentryintotheWTOisnecessaryfortheWTOto6itsuniversality.7theUnitedStatesChina’sentryintotheWTOwillrealizethegeneralneedsofthedevelopment8andthemutualinterestsofSino-U.S.9tradeandwillhelpgraduallysolvetheproblemofhugedeficitsintheU.S.tradewithChina.AsforChinathrough13yearsofdifficultnegotiationsChinahasfinallyrealizedits10ofjoiningtheWTOasadevelopingcountry:thebilateralagreementbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates11thisfundamentalprinciple.China’sentryintotheWTOasadevelopingcountryis12greatsignificanceimplyingasitdoesthatChinawillenjoyaccordingtolawadevelopingcountry’spreferentialarrangementsprotectionofandexportsubsidiesforitsembryonicindustriesaswellaselasticstipulationsinthetariffsystem.ForexampleChinawill13forasix-yearperioda25percentimporttaxrateforitsautoindustry;intheagriculturesectormostofmarketswheatmaizericecottonsugarandfertilizerwillbefranchisedbytheStatesoastoensuretheStatehas14meansofmacroeconomiccontrolthereby15farmers’interests;andthebankingsectorwillgraduallyopenduringatransitionalperiod.Moreoverinsomesectorsthemarketswillstillremainclosedoratleastthe’openingofthesemarketshastobespecifically16bytheChinesegovernment.Onlydevelopingcountrieshavetherighttoenjoytheabove-mentionedbufferopportunities.TheSino-U.S.agreementfurthercontainsno17prohibitingChinafromadoptingWTOexceptionalclauses;insteadChinacanadoptexceptionalclauseswhichareexclusively18todevelopingcountries.ThisobjectivelyrecognizesthatChinaenjoysstatusofadevelopingcountryandmeansthatChinacanadoptsuchexceptionalclausesasprotectionofitsinfantindustries.ShoulditsdomesticmarketsbeseriouslyaffectedorharmedbyexternalfactorsChinacanadopttemporarymeasurestocompensate.InshortChina’s19totheWTOasadevelopingcountryensuresthatChina’sobligationstotheWTOare20withitscurrentdevelopmentlevelthusgreatlyreducingthenegativeeffectstoChina’sindustriesresultingfromitsentryintotheWTO. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.17
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10pointsChina’sentryintotheWTOactuallyrepresentstheresultofathree-sidedwin-winsituation--ChinatheUnitedStatesandtheWTO.Chinastilladevelopingcountryhasatotaleconomiccapacity1seventhworldwideandisthe10thlargestnation2tradeworldwide.Inthe21stcenturyChina’seconomywillgreatly3theworldeconomy.WithoutChinatheWTOis4anditsrolegreatly5ThusChina’sentryintotheWTOisnecessaryfortheWTOto6itsuniversality.7theUnitedStatesChina’sentryintotheWTOwillrealizethegeneralneedsofthedevelopment8andthemutualinterestsofSino-U.S.9tradeandwillhelpgraduallysolvetheproblemofhugedeficitsintheU.S.tradewithChina.AsforChinathrough13yearsofdifficultnegotiationsChinahasfinallyrealizedits10ofjoiningtheWTOasadevelopingcountry:thebilateralagreementbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates11thisfundamentalprinciple.China’sentryintotheWTOasadevelopingcountryis12greatsignificanceimplyingasitdoesthatChinawillenjoyaccordingtolawadevelopingcountry’spreferentialarrangementsprotectionofandexportsubsidiesforitsembryonicindustriesaswellaselasticstipulationsinthetariffsystem.ForexampleChinawill13forasix-yearperioda25percentimporttaxrateforitsautoindustry;intheagriculturesectormostofmarketswheatmaizericecottonsugarandfertilizerwillbefranchisedbytheStatesoastoensuretheStatehas14meansofmacroeconomiccontrolthereby15farmers’interests;andthebankingsectorwillgraduallyopenduringatransitionalperiod.Moreoverinsomesectorsthemarketswillstillremainclosedoratleastthe’openingofthesemarketshastobespecifically16bytheChinesegovernment.Onlydevelopingcountrieshavetherighttoenjoytheabove-mentionedbufferopportunities.TheSino-U.S.agreementfurthercontainsno17prohibitingChinafromadoptingWTOexceptionalclauses;insteadChinacanadoptexceptionalclauseswhichareexclusively18todevelopingcountries.ThisobjectivelyrecognizesthatChinaenjoysstatusofadevelopingcountryandmeansthatChinacanadoptsuchexceptionalclausesasprotectionofitsinfantindustries.ShoulditsdomesticmarketsbeseriouslyaffectedorharmedbyexternalfactorsChinacanadopttemporarymeasurestocompensate.InshortChina’s19totheWTOasadevelopingcountryensuresthatChina’sobligationstotheWTOare20withitscurrentdevelopmentlevelthusgreatlyreducingthenegativeeffectstoChina’sindustriesresultingfromitsentryintotheWTO. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.5
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10pointsChina’sentryintotheWTOactuallyrepresentstheresultofathree-sidedwin-winsituation--ChinatheUnitedStatesandtheWTO.Chinastilladevelopingcountryhasatotaleconomiccapacity1seventhworldwideandisthe10thlargestnation2tradeworldwide.Inthe21stcenturyChina’seconomywillgreatly3theworldeconomy.WithoutChinatheWTOis4anditsrolegreatly5ThusChina’sentryintotheWTOisnecessaryfortheWTOto6itsuniversality.7theUnitedStatesChina’sentryintotheWTOwillrealizethegeneralneedsofthedevelopment8andthemutualinterestsofSino-U.S.9tradeandwillhelpgraduallysolvetheproblemofhugedeficitsintheU.S.tradewithChina.AsforChinathrough13yearsofdifficultnegotiationsChinahasfinallyrealizedits10ofjoiningtheWTOasadevelopingcountry:thebilateralagreementbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates11thisfundamentalprinciple.China’sentryintotheWTOasadevelopingcountryis12greatsignificanceimplyingasitdoesthatChinawillenjoyaccordingtolawadevelopingcountry’spreferentialarrangementsprotectionofandexportsubsidiesforitsembryonicindustriesaswellaselasticstipulationsinthetariffsystem.ForexampleChinawill13forasix-yearperioda25percentimporttaxrateforitsautoindustry;intheagriculturesectormostofmarketswheatmaizericecottonsugarandfertilizerwillbefranchisedbytheStatesoastoensuretheStatehas14meansofmacroeconomiccontrolthereby15farmers’interests;andthebankingsectorwillgraduallyopenduringatransitionalperiod.Moreoverinsomesectorsthemarketswillstillremainclosedoratleastthe’openingofthesemarketshastobespecifically16bytheChinesegovernment.Onlydevelopingcountrieshavetherighttoenjoytheabove-mentionedbufferopportunities.TheSino-U.S.agreementfurthercontainsno17prohibitingChinafromadoptingWTOexceptionalclauses;insteadChinacanadoptexceptionalclauseswhichareexclusively18todevelopingcountries.ThisobjectivelyrecognizesthatChinaenjoysstatusofadevelopingcountryandmeansthatChinacanadoptsuchexceptionalclausesasprotectionofitsinfantindustries.ShoulditsdomesticmarketsbeseriouslyaffectedorharmedbyexternalfactorsChinacanadopttemporarymeasurestocompensate.InshortChina’s19totheWTOasadevelopingcountryensuresthatChina’sobligationstotheWTOare20withitscurrentdevelopmentlevelthusgreatlyreducingthenegativeeffectstoChina’sindustriesresultingfromitsentryintotheWTO. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.15
Text2TherighttoatrialbyjuryisafundamentalpartoftheUnitedStateslegalsystem.Itisarightfirmlyrootedinourdemocratictradition.Thejurysystemprovidesabufferbetweenthecomplexandofteninflexiblelegalsystemandtheaveragecitizenontrial.TherighttobejudgedbyajuryisarightthatmostAmericansfeelverystronglyabout.Howeverduetorecentjurydecisionssomecriticsarequestioningthevalueofthisinstitution.Ourjurysystemisbynomeansflawless.Itissubjecttoconstantscrutinyanddebateconcerningitsmeritanditsdownfalls.Asistrueinallinstitutionsjuriesarecapableofmakingmistakes.Psychologicalstudieshavebeendoneonmanyaspectsofjurybehavior.Politicalscientistsarealsointriguedbyjuriesandthemannerinwhichtheyarriveatimportantdecisions.AlthoughmostAmericansbelieveinthejurysystemtherehasbeenconsiderablecontroversysurroundingitlately.Thepublichasbecomeevenmoreconcernedaboutthisinstitutionrecently.TheoutcomesoftheRodneyKingtheO.J.SimpsonandtheMenendezbrotherstrialsinLosAngelesandthedissatisfactionthatfollowedthejury’sdecisionsarethreeexamplesofinstanceswhentheeffectivenessofthejurysystemhascomeunderfierceattack.FromthepublicreactiontothesedecisionsandotherslikethemitisveryclearthatthewayinwhichjuriesreachtheirdecisionsisoftenasimportanttotheAmericanpeopleasitistothespecificpersonontrial.Manypeoplefeelthattheaveragejuristisnotequippedtomakethekindsofdecisionstheyarefacedwith.Thesecritics’suggestionsrangefromrestructuringthesystemuptotallyeliminatingit.MostaverageAmericansIbelievefeelthattherighttoajurytrialisafundamentaloneanditsguaranteesshouldbehonored.Thesepeoplewouldarguethatlawsareinflexible.Theycannotdealwiththeindividualcircumstancesineachcasebutjuriescantaketheseintoaccount.Stillothersbelievethatjuriesarefavorablebecausetheyreflectthemoralsandvaluesofthecommunitytheycomefrom.Indeedmanyproponentsofthejurysupportthesystembecauseofaparticularkindofjurybiasthetendencyforjurorstoplacejusticeabovethelaw.Opponentsofthesystemarguethatjuriesareuneducatedinlegalproceduresandshouldnotbegiventhetypeofresponsibilitytheyhavetraditionallyhad.Thesepeoplealsoarguethatjuriesarebiased.Infactthepsychologicalliteratureprovidesmanyexamplesofthisbias.Jurorsarelesslikelytopunishasadordistresseddefendantasopposedtoajoyfuloneapparentlybecausethedefendantisalreadybeingpunishedemotionally.Someopponentssaythatalthoughjuriesareinstructednottopayattentiontothemediatheyaremoreeasilyinfluencedbythenewsthanjudges.Criticsofthejurysystemalsopointoutthatjuriesareexpensiveandareoftenunabletoreachanagreement.Theyarguethatthedecisionmakingshouldbeleftuptothepeoplewhoknowthelawjudgesandlawyers.Inbetweenthesetwoextremesarethosepeoplewhoagreewiththejurysystemasawholebutfeelthatsomechangesneedtobeimplementedtoimproveitseffectiveness.Thesepeoplesuggestthatjuriesreceiveinstructionpriortohearingtestimony.Theyarguethatthiswouldimprovethesystembyprovidingsomeworkinglegalknowledgeforthejuryaswellasgivingthemanideaofwhattheyaretolistenfor.Researchhasshownthatexposingjurorstothelawsinvolvedintheirdecisionmakingresultedinsignificantlyfewerverdictsofguilty.Thisfindingsuggeststhatlawyersandjudgesshouldhavetheresponsibilityofinsuring.thatthejuryisadequatelyinformedofthelegalissuesathandandthelawsavailabletohandlethoseissues.OnthewholethoughIfeelthattheAmericanguaranteeoftrialbyjuryisavaluableone.Idofeelhoweverthatinordertoimproveitsutilityjudgesandlawyersneedtoaccepttheresponsibilityforeducatingthejuryonrelevantlegalissues. Opponentsofthejurysystemaccusejurorsof
SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.40pointsText1MorethantwocenturiesafterBenjaminFranklinusedonetostudylightningateamofatmosphericscientistshasfoundthatkitesareapotentresearchtoolforstudyingairconditionsathighaltitudes.BenBalsleyandJohnBriksattheUniversityofColoradohavedevelopedakiteandinstrumentpackagetosampletheatmosphereupto3.5kilometershighforuptotwodaysatatime.Thekiteischeaperandmoreflexiblethanballoonsandaircraftthetraditionalvehiclesforatmosphericresearch.Withintwoyearstheteamexpectstoflykitesupto10kilometershighandBrikshopestousethesetomeasurecarbondioxideandmethaneemissionsovertheBrazilianrainforestandthetransportofairpollutantsovertheAtlanticOcean.Thekiteisa15-square-meterParafoilmadeofMylarwhich’isnotonlystrongbutunlikenylonJoesnotabsorbwater.Thekite"string"ismadeofKevlarfamousforitsuseinbullet-proofvestswhichissostrongthat6kilometersofitweighsjust18kilogramsyetcanwithstandaloadingof430kilograms.ThemostinnovativecomponentofthesystemistheTRAMorTetheredRoverforAtmosphericMeasurementswhichcanmovethesamplinginstruments’upanddownthetetherwhilethekitemaintainsaconstantaltitude."Ourinstrumentsmeasuresuchthingsastemperaturepressurehumidityandconcentrationsofozoneandotherairpollutants"Beasleyexplains."Weneedtogetcontinuousmeasurementsoverthecourseofdaysfromvariousaltitudes.Conventionalfreeballoonmethodscansamplesuchparametersbuttheycannotstayinanyonepositionandarelimitedtoaltitudesoftwokilometers.Aircraftcansampleatanyaltitudebuttheyareveryexpensivetooperateandcannotremaininonepositionformorethanfourhours."TheTRAMwhichisactuallyakite-likeaerofoilconnectedbysmallwheelstothekite’stethercanbeoperatedfromtheground.Itwillmoveupanddownthetetherormaintainagivenaltitudewhiletheinstrumentssampletheair."Animportantcostofballoonsamplingistheinstrumentpackagewhichtypicallycostsabout$1000andisalwayslost."Baselysays"NowwecanusetheinstrumentsontheTRAMandnotonlygetmoredatabutreuseitagainandagain"TheTRAMwithitsinstrumentsincludingtheradiotelemetrylinktothescientistsonthegroundweighs6kilogramsincludingbatteriesthatcanpoweritfortwodays.BaselyandhiscolleaguesarecontinuingtoimprovethekiteandTRMAandexpanditscapacitiesbutBaselynotesthatitdoeshaveitslimitations:"Thekitecanonlyliftabout10kilogramsandthismeanstheequipment’spowerrequirementsmustbelowtoo.Weneedlocationswithsteadyrelativelystrongwindsandmustalsoavoidairtraffic." WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphsofthepassage
PartBDirections:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutcross-bordermarriage.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph41-45.Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.10pointsA.TownhallahappybrideandgroomB.TempleandatheisticgroomC.WeddinghallD.AngelschildrenescortingthebrideE.TheforeigngroomandthelocalbrideF.Thegoldenwedding-ringwasputonherfingerOrnamentingthetwofingersisonlythefirststepofthe"longmarch".Angelwasneverasoverloadedastodayrunningfromheretotherebusyorderinginvitationcardsandweddingclothesbookingchurchandrestaurantcheckingavailabilityofthephotographerthepastorandtheofficialinthetownhalllookingforanewhome.Shewashappyandexcited.Howeverthislongweddingpreparationprocessloadeddownwithtrivialdetailsgavemeabigheadache.InFrancemoreandmoreFrenchcohabitinsteadofmarrying.Howeverwhentheydecidetomarrytheystilltaketheirweddingceremonyseriouslyandusuallyfollowtheneverchangingthreetraditionalchapters.41._____________________________Thethirdchapteristheweddingbreakfastfollowedbyadance.Thefirstandthesecondchapterarethecivilweddingandthechurchwedding.Afterthechurchweddingthenewly-wedsnormallyinvitetheirparentsandfriendstotakepartinasumptuousmealanddanceintheevening.Afterchampagneflutesareraisedallaroundthedancingstarts.Thenewly-wedstaketheleaddancinglightlyandfinishtheeveningbytiredlytrippingintotheirbridalchamberandthusterminatethelastchapteroftheFrenchmarriage.42._____________________________Igrewupinthelastseventiesandearlyeightiesthe"simplewedding"advocatedbytheChinesegovernmenthadbeeningrainedinanymind.OnedayfinallyIcouldnothelprevealingmywishforasimplewedding:"Darlingyourweddingplansarefartoolongandover-elaborate.Let’ssimplifythemandreducethreechapterstoonlyone.It’senoughtogetmarriedinthetownhall!""No!Marriageisthemostimportanteventinmylife.Iwanttomakeitgrandandunforgettable."Angelrefusedtoconcede.HoweverIreallywantedtoescapethechurchwedding."HoneyIwasn’tbaptizedandbeinganatheistIamnotallowedtogotochurch.Achurchweddingisaburdenforanatheistlikemeandthechurchweddingforanatheistisalsoagainstchurchrules!"IpresentedmyviewsvehementlybelievingIhadthebestexcuseintheworld."Mydearmarriageisasacredaffair;wemustgotothechurch.Youareonlyawareofoneaspectofathingbutignorantofanother.IamaProtestant;therearenostrictcanonsandmumbo-jumbosinProtestantism.IfoneofthetwoisProtestanttheyarestillallowedtomarryinaProtestantchurch."Iwasrenderedspeechless.43._____________________________Thesacredmomentarrived.Theforeigngroomandthelocalbridesurroundedbyherfamilymembersarrivedatthemarriagehall."Doyoutakethiswomanasyourwife""Yes!"Amyriadofthoughtswelledupinmymind:"I’dquitmyhighly-covetedjobinChinaandgonethroughinnumerabletrialsandtribulationstocometoEuropetojoinmyChineseloverbutIwasjilted.NowI’dfoundanoasisoflovebutfarfrommyhomeland.Thegirlwithmetodaythoughfromadifferentculturalbackgroundwithadifferentwayofthinkingandbehavingissimplepureandkind-heartedlikeanangel.I’dsufferedfromthewanderinglifeinEurope.Butaftersufferingcomeshappiness.Inafewminutesshewillproclaimtheendofmywanderingandhomelesslife."FullofdeepfeelingIgazedatthiswesternbeautyshiningwithdazzlingsplendorandheldherhandtightinmine.44._____________________________"DoyoutakethismanasyourhusbandT"BrimmingwithtearschokingwithsobsAngelnoddedherapproval.BeingatraditionalFrenchgirlshe’dneverexpectedthatshewouldhavefallenintothetemptationofthe"goodbutcheapChinesemerchandise"beforeherandwouldhavecrossedthefrontierbetweenChineseandFrenchculturestomarryamanwithanexoticaccentandaflatnose!45._____________________________ThechurchwasresoundingwiththeweddingsonataAngelandIwalkeduptothepastortothebeatofthemusic.Handinhandheartwithheartfulloftenderaffectionwegavealltherightanswerstohisquestions.Thegoldenwedding-ringonherleftfingerandpairedupwithherengagementringontherightringfingerbothcomplementingeachother’sradianceandbeauty.Angelnowwithtworingsbecameareal"valuable"bride.Sheslippedmyfingerwithasimpleringontomyfingerandatthesametimecapturingmywanderingheart.ThateveningItheforeigngroomwithmyErrutwo-stringedChineseviolintogetherwithAngelthelocalbridewithherviolinsuccessfullyperformedthemostbeautifulconcertoofcross-bordermarriage."Thespringiscomingtheearthissmiling..."thehallwasresoundingtothestrainsofStrauss’joyfulwaltzwhileWeweretrippingawayinadance.Attheclimaxofthemusicweswirledsoquicklythatbothofusfeltourselvesswoonintheglamourofourcross-bordermarriage. 43
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10pointsChina’sentryintotheWTOactuallyrepresentstheresultofathree-sidedwin-winsituation--ChinatheUnitedStatesandtheWTO.Chinastilladevelopingcountryhasatotaleconomiccapacity1seventhworldwideandisthe10thlargestnation2tradeworldwide.Inthe21stcenturyChina’seconomywillgreatly3theworldeconomy.WithoutChinatheWTOis4anditsrolegreatly5ThusChina’sentryintotheWTOisnecessaryfortheWTOto6itsuniversality.7theUnitedStatesChina’sentryintotheWTOwillrealizethegeneralneedsofthedevelopment8andthemutualinterestsofSino-U.S.9tradeandwillhelpgraduallysolvetheproblemofhugedeficitsintheU.S.tradewithChina.AsforChinathrough13yearsofdifficultnegotiationsChinahasfinallyrealizedits10ofjoiningtheWTOasadevelopingcountry:thebilateralagreementbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates11thisfundamentalprinciple.China’sentryintotheWTOasadevelopingcountryis12greatsignificanceimplyingasitdoesthatChinawillenjoyaccordingtolawadevelopingcountry’spreferentialarrangementsprotectionofandexportsubsidiesforitsembryonicindustriesaswellaselasticstipulationsinthetariffsystem.ForexampleChinawill13forasix-yearperioda25percentimporttaxrateforitsautoindustry;intheagriculturesectormostofmarketswheatmaizericecottonsugarandfertilizerwillbefranchisedbytheStatesoastoensuretheStatehas14meansofmacroeconomiccontrolthereby15farmers’interests;andthebankingsectorwillgraduallyopenduringatransitionalperiod.Moreoverinsomesectorsthemarketswillstillremainclosedoratleastthe’openingofthesemarketshastobespecifically16bytheChinesegovernment.Onlydevelopingcountrieshavetherighttoenjoytheabove-mentionedbufferopportunities.TheSino-U.S.agreementfurthercontainsno17prohibitingChinafromadoptingWTOexceptionalclauses;insteadChinacanadoptexceptionalclauseswhichareexclusively18todevelopingcountries.ThisobjectivelyrecognizesthatChinaenjoysstatusofadevelopingcountryandmeansthatChinacanadoptsuchexceptionalclausesasprotectionofitsinfantindustries.ShoulditsdomesticmarketsbeseriouslyaffectedorharmedbyexternalfactorsChinacanadopttemporarymeasurestocompensate.InshortChina’s19totheWTOasadevelopingcountryensuresthatChina’sobligationstotheWTOare20withitscurrentdevelopmentlevelthusgreatlyreducingthenegativeeffectstoChina’sindustriesresultingfromitsentryintotheWTO. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.3
SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.40pointsText1MorethantwocenturiesafterBenjaminFranklinusedonetostudylightningateamofatmosphericscientistshasfoundthatkitesareapotentresearchtoolforstudyingairconditionsathighaltitudes.BenBalsleyandJohnBriksattheUniversityofColoradohavedevelopedakiteandinstrumentpackagetosampletheatmosphereupto3.5kilometershighforuptotwodaysatatime.Thekiteischeaperandmoreflexiblethanballoonsandaircraftthetraditionalvehiclesforatmosphericresearch.Withintwoyearstheteamexpectstoflykitesupto10kilometershighandBrikshopestousethesetomeasurecarbondioxideandmethaneemissionsovertheBrazilianrainforestandthetransportofairpollutantsovertheAtlanticOcean.Thekiteisa15-square-meterParafoilmadeofMylarwhich’isnotonlystrongbutunlikenylonJoesnotabsorbwater.Thekite"string"ismadeofKevlarfamousforitsuseinbullet-proofvestswhichissostrongthat6kilometersofitweighsjust18kilogramsyetcanwithstandaloadingof430kilograms.ThemostinnovativecomponentofthesystemistheTRAMorTetheredRoverforAtmosphericMeasurementswhichcanmovethesamplinginstruments’upanddownthetetherwhilethekitemaintainsaconstantaltitude."Ourinstrumentsmeasuresuchthingsastemperaturepressurehumidityandconcentrationsofozoneandotherairpollutants"Beasleyexplains."Weneedtogetcontinuousmeasurementsoverthecourseofdaysfromvariousaltitudes.Conventionalfreeballoonmethodscansamplesuchparametersbuttheycannotstayinanyonepositionandarelimitedtoaltitudesoftwokilometers.Aircraftcansampleatanyaltitudebuttheyareveryexpensivetooperateandcannotremaininonepositionformorethanfourhours."TheTRAMwhichisactuallyakite-likeaerofoilconnectedbysmallwheelstothekite’stethercanbeoperatedfromtheground.Itwillmoveupanddownthetetherormaintainagivenaltitudewhiletheinstrumentssampletheair."Animportantcostofballoonsamplingistheinstrumentpackagewhichtypicallycostsabout$1000andisalwayslost."Baselysays"NowwecanusetheinstrumentsontheTRAMandnotonlygetmoredatabutreuseitagainandagain"TheTRAMwithitsinstrumentsincludingtheradiotelemetrylinktothescientistsonthegroundweighs6kilogramsincludingbatteriesthatcanpoweritfortwodays.BaselyandhiscolleaguesarecontinuingtoimprovethekiteandTRMAandexpanditscapacitiesbutBaselynotesthatitdoeshaveitslimitations:"Thekitecanonlyliftabout10kilogramsandthismeanstheequipment’spowerrequirementsmustbelowtoo.Weneedlocationswithsteadyrelativelystrongwindsandmustalsoavoidairtraffic." Mylarinline1ofthethirdparagraphis
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10pointsChina’sentryintotheWTOactuallyrepresentstheresultofathree-sidedwin-winsituation--ChinatheUnitedStatesandtheWTO.Chinastilladevelopingcountryhasatotaleconomiccapacity1seventhworldwideandisthe10thlargestnation2tradeworldwide.Inthe21stcenturyChina’seconomywillgreatly3theworldeconomy.WithoutChinatheWTOis4anditsrolegreatly5ThusChina’sentryintotheWTOisnecessaryfortheWTOto6itsuniversality.7theUnitedStatesChina’sentryintotheWTOwillrealizethegeneralneedsofthedevelopment8andthemutualinterestsofSino-U.S.9tradeandwillhelpgraduallysolvetheproblemofhugedeficitsintheU.S.tradewithChina.AsforChinathrough13yearsofdifficultnegotiationsChinahasfinallyrealizedits10ofjoiningtheWTOasadevelopingcountry:thebilateralagreementbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates11thisfundamentalprinciple.China’sentryintotheWTOasadevelopingcountryis12greatsignificanceimplyingasitdoesthatChinawillenjoyaccordingtolawadevelopingcountry’spreferentialarrangementsprotectionofandexportsubsidiesforitsembryonicindustriesaswellaselasticstipulationsinthetariffsystem.ForexampleChinawill13forasix-yearperioda25percentimporttaxrateforitsautoindustry;intheagriculturesectormostofmarketswheatmaizericecottonsugarandfertilizerwillbefranchisedbytheStatesoastoensuretheStatehas14meansofmacroeconomiccontrolthereby15farmers’interests;andthebankingsectorwillgraduallyopenduringatransitionalperiod.Moreoverinsomesectorsthemarketswillstillremainclosedoratleastthe’openingofthesemarketshastobespecifically16bytheChinesegovernment.Onlydevelopingcountrieshavetherighttoenjoytheabove-mentionedbufferopportunities.TheSino-U.S.agreementfurthercontainsno17prohibitingChinafromadoptingWTOexceptionalclauses;insteadChinacanadoptexceptionalclauseswhichareexclusively18todevelopingcountries.ThisobjectivelyrecognizesthatChinaenjoysstatusofadevelopingcountryandmeansthatChinacanadoptsuchexceptionalclausesasprotectionofitsinfantindustries.ShoulditsdomesticmarketsbeseriouslyaffectedorharmedbyexternalfactorsChinacanadopttemporarymeasurestocompensate.InshortChina’s19totheWTOasadevelopingcountryensuresthatChina’sobligationstotheWTOare20withitscurrentdevelopmentlevelthusgreatlyreducingthenegativeeffectstoChina’sindustriesresultingfromitsentryintotheWTO. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.11
Text3Darwinisbasicallyrightthoughonlytosomeextentthatspeciesandindividualscompetefightkillandsurvivalbelongstothefittest.Thisisoneofthemostimportantmechanismsbywhichlifeevolvesandmaintainsitsquality.Asthehumansocietybuildsuponandisanextensionoftheecosystemdoesitmeanthatforthehumansocietytoworkwellmanmustapplythismechanismtoher/hissocietyalso;sayletthosewhoarenotskillfulenoughtolandajobstarvetodeathWemaybeenlightenedwithrespecttothisquestionthroughtheexaminationofevolutioninanecosystemincomparisontothehumanhistory.TakingthemaritimeswamplandasanexamplethemangrovespeciesKandeliacandlecompetessuccessfullyoverothermangrovespeciesanddominatetheareachieflythroughtheevolutionofdroppersthatotherspeciesdonothave.TheseedsofKandeliacandlegrowintoseedlingsinsidethedroppersbeforeleavingtheirmotherplantbodyandwhenthedroppersstillhangonthebranchesoftheirmotherplant.Thedropper’sshapeislikeapenwithasharpandheavierlowerend.Sowhenitripensitdropsandinsertsitselftogetherwiththeseedlingintothemudbelowasaresultandtheseedlingcangetholdofthegroundstarttotapthemuchfresherwaterunderthemudsurface.ThisadaptiveevolutionofdroppersenablesKandeliacandletohaveamuchgreatersuccessfulrate.Seedsofothermangrovespeciesjustfinditdifficulttolocateasuitablesiteforthemtogrow.Whenitistheindustrialsocietythatdominatesaplaceitalwaysexploitsresourcesfromthelanddrainsoutnutrientsfromthesoilandplaysenvironmentalhavoctotheplaceasaresultofstupidhumanintelligenceandselfishhumanmanipulation.ButwhenthemangrovedominatesamudflatmillionsofNatureevolvedcomplexmechanismscometogetherwithit.Ittapswatermineralsfromthemudandthenletthemtocombinewithcarbondioxideintheairtoformthebuildingmaterialsofitsplantbodyfirstthroughtheprocessofphotosynthesisandthenthroughthesynthesisofvariousorganicmatters.Theeffectendsupprovidingmuchbetterandmorediverselivingenvironmentformorelandwaterandairspeciestodwellinevenforothercompetingmangrovespecies.Whendifferentracesofmancompetetodominatetheearththeendresultiscompletelyoppositeinsense.Oneofthemeanstheyevolvearemoreandmorepowerfulweaponssomeofthehumanracesalsoevolvedroppersbutthosedroppersaredroppersofnuclearbombswhicharealllifedestructivewhenused.Animalsneverburnupaforestorpracticefightingskillstwelvehoursadayinordertodefeattheircompetitors;theyjustletNaturecutouttheweakerorlessfortunateportionoftheirspeciesorthattheirspeciessimplycannotsurviveinthefirstplace.Onthecontrarymancanworkroundtheclockandexhaustallnaturalresourcesjusttodefeattheirenemieswhethermilitaryorcommercialaswecanallseeinourmodernsocieties.Suchpractice’generatesquitegraveproblems:Firstitpusheshumanactivitiesintoaverynarrowgoalofdefeatingtheirenemiesmilitarilyaswellaseconomically.Secondalltheavailabletimeenergyandresourcesofanindividualaswellasthesocietyareexhaustedbythecompetitionverylittleislefttootheractivitiessonearlyallmensufferverymuchintheprocessandcountlessnewproblemsbesiegemodernsocieties.Thirdasallparticipantsinputasmuchtimeenergyandresourcesascanbeexploitedbythemmostoftheseinputsarewasted.Sucheffortcreatesalotofwasteandexhaustsallresourcesasaresult.WeshouldalsoviewhowmanshouldconformtoNatureinsuchawaythatmanhastocompeteforsurvival.InfactthisisNature’swayoftellingmanhowtoact.Ifonlymancouldlistentothisinternalguidancebothmanandtheecosystemcouldlivemuchhappier.SomakingthehumanSocietyDarwinistisnotconformingtoNaturebutlivinginpeacebothmilitarilyandeconomicallywithothermanis. Theevolutionofthemangrovespeciesisdescribedto
PartBDirections:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutcross-bordermarriage.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph41-45.Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.10pointsA.TownhallahappybrideandgroomB.TempleandatheisticgroomC.WeddinghallD.AngelschildrenescortingthebrideE.TheforeigngroomandthelocalbrideF.Thegoldenwedding-ringwasputonherfingerOrnamentingthetwofingersisonlythefirststepofthe"longmarch".Angelwasneverasoverloadedastodayrunningfromheretotherebusyorderinginvitationcardsandweddingclothesbookingchurchandrestaurantcheckingavailabilityofthephotographerthepastorandtheofficialinthetownhalllookingforanewhome.Shewashappyandexcited.Howeverthislongweddingpreparationprocessloadeddownwithtrivialdetailsgavemeabigheadache.InFrancemoreandmoreFrenchcohabitinsteadofmarrying.Howeverwhentheydecidetomarrytheystilltaketheirweddingceremonyseriouslyandusuallyfollowtheneverchangingthreetraditionalchapters.41._____________________________Thethirdchapteristheweddingbreakfastfollowedbyadance.Thefirstandthesecondchapterarethecivilweddingandthechurchwedding.Afterthechurchweddingthenewly-wedsnormallyinvitetheirparentsandfriendstotakepartinasumptuousmealanddanceintheevening.Afterchampagneflutesareraisedallaroundthedancingstarts.Thenewly-wedstaketheleaddancinglightlyandfinishtheeveningbytiredlytrippingintotheirbridalchamberandthusterminatethelastchapteroftheFrenchmarriage.42._____________________________Igrewupinthelastseventiesandearlyeightiesthe"simplewedding"advocatedbytheChinesegovernmenthadbeeningrainedinanymind.OnedayfinallyIcouldnothelprevealingmywishforasimplewedding:"Darlingyourweddingplansarefartoolongandover-elaborate.Let’ssimplifythemandreducethreechapterstoonlyone.It’senoughtogetmarriedinthetownhall!""No!Marriageisthemostimportanteventinmylife.Iwanttomakeitgrandandunforgettable."Angelrefusedtoconcede.HoweverIreallywantedtoescapethechurchwedding."HoneyIwasn’tbaptizedandbeinganatheistIamnotallowedtogotochurch.Achurchweddingisaburdenforanatheistlikemeandthechurchweddingforanatheistisalsoagainstchurchrules!"IpresentedmyviewsvehementlybelievingIhadthebestexcuseintheworld."Mydearmarriageisasacredaffair;wemustgotothechurch.Youareonlyawareofoneaspectofathingbutignorantofanother.IamaProtestant;therearenostrictcanonsandmumbo-jumbosinProtestantism.IfoneofthetwoisProtestanttheyarestillallowedtomarryinaProtestantchurch."Iwasrenderedspeechless.43._____________________________Thesacredmomentarrived.Theforeigngroomandthelocalbridesurroundedbyherfamilymembersarrivedatthemarriagehall."Doyoutakethiswomanasyourwife""Yes!"Amyriadofthoughtswelledupinmymind:"I’dquitmyhighly-covetedjobinChinaandgonethroughinnumerabletrialsandtribulationstocometoEuropetojoinmyChineseloverbutIwasjilted.NowI’dfoundanoasisoflovebutfarfrommyhomeland.Thegirlwithmetodaythoughfromadifferentculturalbackgroundwithadifferentwayofthinkingandbehavingissimplepureandkind-heartedlikeanangel.I’dsufferedfromthewanderinglifeinEurope.Butaftersufferingcomeshappiness.Inafewminutesshewillproclaimtheendofmywanderingandhomelesslife."FullofdeepfeelingIgazedatthiswesternbeautyshiningwithdazzlingsplendorandheldherhandtightinmine.44._____________________________"DoyoutakethismanasyourhusbandT"BrimmingwithtearschokingwithsobsAngelnoddedherapproval.BeingatraditionalFrenchgirlshe’dneverexpectedthatshewouldhavefallenintothetemptationofthe"goodbutcheapChinesemerchandise"beforeherandwouldhavecrossedthefrontierbetweenChineseandFrenchculturestomarryamanwithanexoticaccentandaflatnose!45._____________________________ThechurchwasresoundingwiththeweddingsonataAngelandIwalkeduptothepastortothebeatofthemusic.Handinhandheartwithheartfulloftenderaffectionwegavealltherightanswerstohisquestions.Thegoldenwedding-ringonherleftfingerandpairedupwithherengagementringontherightringfingerbothcomplementingeachother’sradianceandbeauty.Angelnowwithtworingsbecameareal"valuable"bride.Sheslippedmyfingerwithasimpleringontomyfingerandatthesametimecapturingmywanderingheart.ThateveningItheforeigngroomwithmyErrutwo-stringedChineseviolintogetherwithAngelthelocalbridewithherviolinsuccessfullyperformedthemostbeautifulconcertoofcross-bordermarriage."Thespringiscomingtheearthissmiling..."thehallwasresoundingtothestrainsofStrauss’joyfulwaltzwhileWeweretrippingawayinadance.Attheclimaxofthemusicweswirledsoquicklythatbothofusfeltourselvesswoonintheglamourofourcross-bordermarriage. 45
Text3Darwinisbasicallyrightthoughonlytosomeextentthatspeciesandindividualscompetefightkillandsurvivalbelongstothefittest.Thisisoneofthemostimportantmechanismsbywhichlifeevolvesandmaintainsitsquality.Asthehumansocietybuildsuponandisanextensionoftheecosystemdoesitmeanthatforthehumansocietytoworkwellmanmustapplythismechanismtoher/hissocietyalso;sayletthosewhoarenotskillfulenoughtolandajobstarvetodeathWemaybeenlightenedwithrespecttothisquestionthroughtheexaminationofevolutioninanecosystemincomparisontothehumanhistory.TakingthemaritimeswamplandasanexamplethemangrovespeciesKandeliacandlecompetessuccessfullyoverothermangrovespeciesanddominatetheareachieflythroughtheevolutionofdroppersthatotherspeciesdonothave.TheseedsofKandeliacandlegrowintoseedlingsinsidethedroppersbeforeleavingtheirmotherplantbodyandwhenthedroppersstillhangonthebranchesoftheirmotherplant.Thedropper’sshapeislikeapenwithasharpandheavierlowerend.Sowhenitripensitdropsandinsertsitselftogetherwiththeseedlingintothemudbelowasaresultandtheseedlingcangetholdofthegroundstarttotapthemuchfresherwaterunderthemudsurface.ThisadaptiveevolutionofdroppersenablesKandeliacandletohaveamuchgreatersuccessfulrate.Seedsofothermangrovespeciesjustfinditdifficulttolocateasuitablesiteforthemtogrow.Whenitistheindustrialsocietythatdominatesaplaceitalwaysexploitsresourcesfromthelanddrainsoutnutrientsfromthesoilandplaysenvironmentalhavoctotheplaceasaresultofstupidhumanintelligenceandselfishhumanmanipulation.ButwhenthemangrovedominatesamudflatmillionsofNatureevolvedcomplexmechanismscometogetherwithit.Ittapswatermineralsfromthemudandthenletthemtocombinewithcarbondioxideintheairtoformthebuildingmaterialsofitsplantbodyfirstthroughtheprocessofphotosynthesisandthenthroughthesynthesisofvariousorganicmatters.Theeffectendsupprovidingmuchbetterandmorediverselivingenvironmentformorelandwaterandairspeciestodwellinevenforothercompetingmangrovespecies.Whendifferentracesofmancompetetodominatetheearththeendresultiscompletelyoppositeinsense.Oneofthemeanstheyevolvearemoreandmorepowerfulweaponssomeofthehumanracesalsoevolvedroppersbutthosedroppersaredroppersofnuclearbombswhicharealllifedestructivewhenused.Animalsneverburnupaforestorpracticefightingskillstwelvehoursadayinordertodefeattheircompetitors;theyjustletNaturecutouttheweakerorlessfortunateportionoftheirspeciesorthattheirspeciessimplycannotsurviveinthefirstplace.Onthecontrarymancanworkroundtheclockandexhaustallnaturalresourcesjusttodefeattheirenemieswhethermilitaryorcommercialaswecanallseeinourmodernsocieties.Suchpractice’generatesquitegraveproblems:Firstitpusheshumanactivitiesintoaverynarrowgoalofdefeatingtheirenemiesmilitarilyaswellaseconomically.Secondalltheavailabletimeenergyandresourcesofanindividualaswellasthesocietyareexhaustedbythecompetitionverylittleislefttootheractivitiessonearlyallmensufferverymuchintheprocessandcountlessnewproblemsbesiegemodernsocieties.Thirdasallparticipantsinputasmuchtimeenergyandresourcesascanbeexploitedbythemmostoftheseinputsarewasted.Sucheffortcreatesalotofwasteandexhaustsallresourcesasaresult.WeshouldalsoviewhowmanshouldconformtoNatureinsuchawaythatmanhastocompeteforsurvival.InfactthisisNature’swayoftellingmanhowtoact.Ifonlymancouldlistentothisinternalguidancebothmanandtheecosystemcouldlivemuchhappier.SomakingthehumanSocietyDarwinistisnotconformingtoNaturebutlivinginpeacebothmilitarilyandeconomicallywithothermanis. Thekeydifferencebetweenhumanandplantcompetitionforsurvivalisthat
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10pointsChina’sentryintotheWTOactuallyrepresentstheresultofathree-sidedwin-winsituation--ChinatheUnitedStatesandtheWTO.Chinastilladevelopingcountryhasatotaleconomiccapacity1seventhworldwideandisthe10thlargestnation2tradeworldwide.Inthe21stcenturyChina’seconomywillgreatly3theworldeconomy.WithoutChinatheWTOis4anditsrolegreatly5ThusChina’sentryintotheWTOisnecessaryfortheWTOto6itsuniversality.7theUnitedStatesChina’sentryintotheWTOwillrealizethegeneralneedsofthedevelopment8andthemutualinterestsofSino-U.S.9tradeandwillhelpgraduallysolvetheproblemofhugedeficitsintheU.S.tradewithChina.AsforChinathrough13yearsofdifficultnegotiationsChinahasfinallyrealizedits10ofjoiningtheWTOasadevelopingcountry:thebilateralagreementbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates11thisfundamentalprinciple.China’sentryintotheWTOasadevelopingcountryis12greatsignificanceimplyingasitdoesthatChinawillenjoyaccordingtolawadevelopingcountry’spreferentialarrangementsprotectionofandexportsubsidiesforitsembryonicindustriesaswellaselasticstipulationsinthetariffsystem.ForexampleChinawill13forasix-yearperioda25percentimporttaxrateforitsautoindustry;intheagriculturesectormostofmarketswheatmaizericecottonsugarandfertilizerwillbefranchisedbytheStatesoastoensuretheStatehas14meansofmacroeconomiccontrolthereby15farmers’interests;andthebankingsectorwillgraduallyopenduringatransitionalperiod.Moreoverinsomesectorsthemarketswillstillremainclosedoratleastthe’openingofthesemarketshastobespecifically16bytheChinesegovernment.Onlydevelopingcountrieshavetherighttoenjoytheabove-mentionedbufferopportunities.TheSino-U.S.agreementfurthercontainsno17prohibitingChinafromadoptingWTOexceptionalclauses;insteadChinacanadoptexceptionalclauseswhichareexclusively18todevelopingcountries.ThisobjectivelyrecognizesthatChinaenjoysstatusofadevelopingcountryandmeansthatChinacanadoptsuchexceptionalclausesasprotectionofitsinfantindustries.ShoulditsdomesticmarketsbeseriouslyaffectedorharmedbyexternalfactorsChinacanadopttemporarymeasurestocompensate.InshortChina’s19totheWTOasadevelopingcountryensuresthatChina’sobligationstotheWTOare20withitscurrentdevelopmentlevelthusgreatlyreducingthenegativeeffectstoChina’sindustriesresultingfromitsentryintotheWTO. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.9
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10pointsChina’sentryintotheWTOactuallyrepresentstheresultofathree-sidedwin-winsituation--ChinatheUnitedStatesandtheWTO.Chinastilladevelopingcountryhasatotaleconomiccapacity1seventhworldwideandisthe10thlargestnation2tradeworldwide.Inthe21stcenturyChina’seconomywillgreatly3theworldeconomy.WithoutChinatheWTOis4anditsrolegreatly5ThusChina’sentryintotheWTOisnecessaryfortheWTOto6itsuniversality.7theUnitedStatesChina’sentryintotheWTOwillrealizethegeneralneedsofthedevelopment8andthemutualinterestsofSino-U.S.9tradeandwillhelpgraduallysolvetheproblemofhugedeficitsintheU.S.tradewithChina.AsforChinathrough13yearsofdifficultnegotiationsChinahasfinallyrealizedits10ofjoiningtheWTOasadevelopingcountry:thebilateralagreementbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates11thisfundamentalprinciple.China’sentryintotheWTOasadevelopingcountryis12greatsignificanceimplyingasitdoesthatChinawillenjoyaccordingtolawadevelopingcountry’spreferentialarrangementsprotectionofandexportsubsidiesforitsembryonicindustriesaswellaselasticstipulationsinthetariffsystem.ForexampleChinawill13forasix-yearperioda25percentimporttaxrateforitsautoindustry;intheagriculturesectormostofmarketswheatmaizericecottonsugarandfertilizerwillbefranchisedbytheStatesoastoensuretheStatehas14meansofmacroeconomiccontrolthereby15farmers’interests;andthebankingsectorwillgraduallyopenduringatransitionalperiod.Moreoverinsomesectorsthemarketswillstillremainclosedoratleastthe’openingofthesemarketshastobespecifically16bytheChinesegovernment.Onlydevelopingcountrieshavetherighttoenjoytheabove-mentionedbufferopportunities.TheSino-U.S.agreementfurthercontainsno17prohibitingChinafromadoptingWTOexceptionalclauses;insteadChinacanadoptexceptionalclauseswhichareexclusively18todevelopingcountries.ThisobjectivelyrecognizesthatChinaenjoysstatusofadevelopingcountryandmeansthatChinacanadoptsuchexceptionalclausesasprotectionofitsinfantindustries.ShoulditsdomesticmarketsbeseriouslyaffectedorharmedbyexternalfactorsChinacanadopttemporarymeasurestocompensate.InshortChina’s19totheWTOasadevelopingcountryensuresthatChina’sobligationstotheWTOare20withitscurrentdevelopmentlevelthusgreatlyreducingthenegativeeffectstoChina’sindustriesresultingfromitsentryintotheWTO. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.19
PartBDirections:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutcross-bordermarriage.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph41-45.Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.10pointsA.TownhallahappybrideandgroomB.TempleandatheisticgroomC.WeddinghallD.AngelschildrenescortingthebrideE.TheforeigngroomandthelocalbrideF.Thegoldenwedding-ringwasputonherfingerOrnamentingthetwofingersisonlythefirststepofthe"longmarch".Angelwasneverasoverloadedastodayrunningfromheretotherebusyorderinginvitationcardsandweddingclothesbookingchurchandrestaurantcheckingavailabilityofthephotographerthepastorandtheofficialinthetownhalllookingforanewhome.Shewashappyandexcited.Howeverthislongweddingpreparationprocessloadeddownwithtrivialdetailsgavemeabigheadache.InFrancemoreandmoreFrenchcohabitinsteadofmarrying.Howeverwhentheydecidetomarrytheystilltaketheirweddingceremonyseriouslyandusuallyfollowtheneverchangingthreetraditionalchapters.41._____________________________Thethirdchapteristheweddingbreakfastfollowedbyadance.Thefirstandthesecondchapterarethecivilweddingandthechurchwedding.Afterthechurchweddingthenewly-wedsnormallyinvitetheirparentsandfriendstotakepartinasumptuousmealanddanceintheevening.Afterchampagneflutesareraisedallaroundthedancingstarts.Thenewly-wedstaketheleaddancinglightlyandfinishtheeveningbytiredlytrippingintotheirbridalchamberandthusterminatethelastchapteroftheFrenchmarriage.42._____________________________Igrewupinthelastseventiesandearlyeightiesthe"simplewedding"advocatedbytheChinesegovernmenthadbeeningrainedinanymind.OnedayfinallyIcouldnothelprevealingmywishforasimplewedding:"Darlingyourweddingplansarefartoolongandover-elaborate.Let’ssimplifythemandreducethreechapterstoonlyone.It’senoughtogetmarriedinthetownhall!""No!Marriageisthemostimportanteventinmylife.Iwanttomakeitgrandandunforgettable."Angelrefusedtoconcede.HoweverIreallywantedtoescapethechurchwedding."HoneyIwasn’tbaptizedandbeinganatheistIamnotallowedtogotochurch.Achurchweddingisaburdenforanatheistlikemeandthechurchweddingforanatheistisalsoagainstchurchrules!"IpresentedmyviewsvehementlybelievingIhadthebestexcuseintheworld."Mydearmarriageisasacredaffair;wemustgotothechurch.Youareonlyawareofoneaspectofathingbutignorantofanother.IamaProtestant;therearenostrictcanonsandmumbo-jumbosinProtestantism.IfoneofthetwoisProtestanttheyarestillallowedtomarryinaProtestantchurch."Iwasrenderedspeechless.43._____________________________Thesacredmomentarrived.Theforeigngroomandthelocalbridesurroundedbyherfamilymembersarrivedatthemarriagehall."Doyoutakethiswomanasyourwife""Yes!"Amyriadofthoughtswelledupinmymind:"I’dquitmyhighly-covetedjobinChinaandgonethroughinnumerabletrialsandtribulationstocometoEuropetojoinmyChineseloverbutIwasjilted.NowI’dfoundanoasisoflovebutfarfrommyhomeland.Thegirlwithmetodaythoughfromadifferentculturalbackgroundwithadifferentwayofthinkingandbehavingissimplepureandkind-heartedlikeanangel.I’dsufferedfromthewanderinglifeinEurope.Butaftersufferingcomeshappiness.Inafewminutesshewillproclaimtheendofmywanderingandhomelesslife."FullofdeepfeelingIgazedatthiswesternbeautyshiningwithdazzlingsplendorandheldherhandtightinmine.44._____________________________"DoyoutakethismanasyourhusbandT"BrimmingwithtearschokingwithsobsAngelnoddedherapproval.BeingatraditionalFrenchgirlshe’dneverexpectedthatshewouldhavefallenintothetemptationofthe"goodbutcheapChinesemerchandise"beforeherandwouldhavecrossedthefrontierbetweenChineseandFrenchculturestomarryamanwithanexoticaccentandaflatnose!45._____________________________ThechurchwasresoundingwiththeweddingsonataAngelandIwalkeduptothepastortothebeatofthemusic.Handinhandheartwithheartfulloftenderaffectionwegavealltherightanswerstohisquestions.Thegoldenwedding-ringonherleftfingerandpairedupwithherengagementringontherightringfingerbothcomplementingeachother’sradianceandbeauty.Angelnowwithtworingsbecameareal"valuable"bride.Sheslippedmyfingerwithasimpleringontomyfingerandatthesametimecapturingmywanderingheart.ThateveningItheforeigngroomwithmyErrutwo-stringedChineseviolintogetherwithAngelthelocalbridewithherviolinsuccessfullyperformedthemostbeautifulconcertoofcross-bordermarriage."Thespringiscomingtheearthissmiling..."thehallwasresoundingtothestrainsofStrauss’joyfulwaltzwhileWeweretrippingawayinadance.Attheclimaxofthemusicweswirledsoquicklythatbothofusfeltourselvesswoonintheglamourofourcross-bordermarriage. 41
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10pointsChina’sentryintotheWTOactuallyrepresentstheresultofathree-sidedwin-winsituation--ChinatheUnitedStatesandtheWTO.Chinastilladevelopingcountryhasatotaleconomiccapacity1seventhworldwideandisthe10thlargestnation2tradeworldwide.Inthe21stcenturyChina’seconomywillgreatly3theworldeconomy.WithoutChinatheWTOis4anditsrolegreatly5ThusChina’sentryintotheWTOisnecessaryfortheWTOto6itsuniversality.7theUnitedStatesChina’sentryintotheWTOwillrealizethegeneralneedsofthedevelopment8andthemutualinterestsofSino-U.S.9tradeandwillhelpgraduallysolvetheproblemofhugedeficitsintheU.S.tradewithChina.AsforChinathrough13yearsofdifficultnegotiationsChinahasfinallyrealizedits10ofjoiningtheWTOasadevelopingcountry:thebilateralagreementbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates11thisfundamentalprinciple.China’sentryintotheWTOasadevelopingcountryis12greatsignificanceimplyingasitdoesthatChinawillenjoyaccordingtolawadevelopingcountry’spreferentialarrangementsprotectionofandexportsubsidiesforitsembryonicindustriesaswellaselasticstipulationsinthetariffsystem.ForexampleChinawill13forasix-yearperioda25percentimporttaxrateforitsautoindustry;intheagriculturesectormostofmarketswheatmaizericecottonsugarandfertilizerwillbefranchisedbytheStatesoastoensuretheStatehas14meansofmacroeconomiccontrolthereby15farmers’interests;andthebankingsectorwillgraduallyopenduringatransitionalperiod.Moreoverinsomesectorsthemarketswillstillremainclosedoratleastthe’openingofthesemarketshastobespecifically16bytheChinesegovernment.Onlydevelopingcountrieshavetherighttoenjoytheabove-mentionedbufferopportunities.TheSino-U.S.agreementfurthercontainsno17prohibitingChinafromadoptingWTOexceptionalclauses;insteadChinacanadoptexceptionalclauseswhichareexclusively18todevelopingcountries.ThisobjectivelyrecognizesthatChinaenjoysstatusofadevelopingcountryandmeansthatChinacanadoptsuchexceptionalclausesasprotectionofitsinfantindustries.ShoulditsdomesticmarketsbeseriouslyaffectedorharmedbyexternalfactorsChinacanadopttemporarymeasurestocompensate.InshortChina’s19totheWTOasadevelopingcountryensuresthatChina’sobligationstotheWTOare20withitscurrentdevelopmentlevelthusgreatlyreducingthenegativeeffectstoChina’sindustriesresultingfromitsentryintotheWTO. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.7
Text2TherighttoatrialbyjuryisafundamentalpartoftheUnitedStateslegalsystem.Itisarightfirmlyrootedinourdemocratictradition.Thejurysystemprovidesabufferbetweenthecomplexandofteninflexiblelegalsystemandtheaveragecitizenontrial.TherighttobejudgedbyajuryisarightthatmostAmericansfeelverystronglyabout.Howeverduetorecentjurydecisionssomecriticsarequestioningthevalueofthisinstitution.Ourjurysystemisbynomeansflawless.Itissubjecttoconstantscrutinyanddebateconcerningitsmeritanditsdownfalls.Asistrueinallinstitutionsjuriesarecapableofmakingmistakes.Psychologicalstudieshavebeendoneonmanyaspectsofjurybehavior.Politicalscientistsarealsointriguedbyjuriesandthemannerinwhichtheyarriveatimportantdecisions.AlthoughmostAmericansbelieveinthejurysystemtherehasbeenconsiderablecontroversysurroundingitlately.Thepublichasbecomeevenmoreconcernedaboutthisinstitutionrecently.TheoutcomesoftheRodneyKingtheO.J.SimpsonandtheMenendezbrotherstrialsinLosAngelesandthedissatisfactionthatfollowedthejury’sdecisionsarethreeexamplesofinstanceswhentheeffectivenessofthejurysystemhascomeunderfierceattack.FromthepublicreactiontothesedecisionsandotherslikethemitisveryclearthatthewayinwhichjuriesreachtheirdecisionsisoftenasimportanttotheAmericanpeopleasitistothespecificpersonontrial.Manypeoplefeelthattheaveragejuristisnotequippedtomakethekindsofdecisionstheyarefacedwith.Thesecritics’suggestionsrangefromrestructuringthesystemuptotallyeliminatingit.MostaverageAmericansIbelievefeelthattherighttoajurytrialisafundamentaloneanditsguaranteesshouldbehonored.Thesepeoplewouldarguethatlawsareinflexible.Theycannotdealwiththeindividualcircumstancesineachcasebutjuriescantaketheseintoaccount.Stillothersbelievethatjuriesarefavorablebecausetheyreflectthemoralsandvaluesofthecommunitytheycomefrom.Indeedmanyproponentsofthejurysupportthesystembecauseofaparticularkindofjurybiasthetendencyforjurorstoplacejusticeabovethelaw.Opponentsofthesystemarguethatjuriesareuneducatedinlegalproceduresandshouldnotbegiventhetypeofresponsibilitytheyhavetraditionallyhad.Thesepeoplealsoarguethatjuriesarebiased.Infactthepsychologicalliteratureprovidesmanyexamplesofthisbias.Jurorsarelesslikelytopunishasadordistresseddefendantasopposedtoajoyfuloneapparentlybecausethedefendantisalreadybeingpunishedemotionally.Someopponentssaythatalthoughjuriesareinstructednottopayattentiontothemediatheyaremoreeasilyinfluencedbythenewsthanjudges.Criticsofthejurysystemalsopointoutthatjuriesareexpensiveandareoftenunabletoreachanagreement.Theyarguethatthedecisionmakingshouldbeleftuptothepeoplewhoknowthelawjudgesandlawyers.Inbetweenthesetwoextremesarethosepeoplewhoagreewiththejurysystemasawholebutfeelthatsomechangesneedtobeimplementedtoimproveitseffectiveness.Thesepeoplesuggestthatjuriesreceiveinstructionpriortohearingtestimony.Theyarguethatthiswouldimprovethesystembyprovidingsomeworkinglegalknowledgeforthejuryaswellasgivingthemanideaofwhattheyaretolistenfor.Researchhasshownthatexposingjurorstothelawsinvolvedintheirdecisionmakingresultedinsignificantlyfewerverdictsofguilty.Thisfindingsuggeststhatlawyersandjudgesshouldhavetheresponsibilityofinsuring.thatthejuryisadequatelyinformedofthelegalissuesathandandthelawsavailabletohandlethoseissues.OnthewholethoughIfeelthattheAmericanguaranteeoftrialbyjuryisavaluableone.Idofeelhoweverthatinordertoimproveitsutilityjudgesandlawyersneedtoaccepttheresponsibilityforeducatingthejuryonrelevantlegalissues. Itcanbeinferredfromthefifthparagraphthat
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10pointsChina’sentryintotheWTOactuallyrepresentstheresultofathree-sidedwin-winsituation--ChinatheUnitedStatesandtheWTO.Chinastilladevelopingcountryhasatotaleconomiccapacity1seventhworldwideandisthe10thlargestnation2tradeworldwide.Inthe21stcenturyChina’seconomywillgreatly3theworldeconomy.WithoutChinatheWTOis4anditsrolegreatly5ThusChina’sentryintotheWTOisnecessaryfortheWTOto6itsuniversality.7theUnitedStatesChina’sentryintotheWTOwillrealizethegeneralneedsofthedevelopment8andthemutualinterestsofSino-U.S.9tradeandwillhelpgraduallysolvetheproblemofhugedeficitsintheU.S.tradewithChina.AsforChinathrough13yearsofdifficultnegotiationsChinahasfinallyrealizedits10ofjoiningtheWTOasadevelopingcountry:thebilateralagreementbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates11thisfundamentalprinciple.China’sentryintotheWTOasadevelopingcountryis12greatsignificanceimplyingasitdoesthatChinawillenjoyaccordingtolawadevelopingcountry’spreferentialarrangementsprotectionofandexportsubsidiesforitsembryonicindustriesaswellaselasticstipulationsinthetariffsystem.ForexampleChinawill13forasix-yearperioda25percentimporttaxrateforitsautoindustry;intheagriculturesectormostofmarketswheatmaizericecottonsugarandfertilizerwillbefranchisedbytheStatesoastoensuretheStatehas14meansofmacroeconomiccontrolthereby15farmers’interests;andthebankingsectorwillgraduallyopenduringatransitionalperiod.Moreoverinsomesectorsthemarketswillstillremainclosedoratleastthe’openingofthesemarketshastobespecifically16bytheChinesegovernment.Onlydevelopingcountrieshavetherighttoenjoytheabove-mentionedbufferopportunities.TheSino-U.S.agreementfurthercontainsno17prohibitingChinafromadoptingWTOexceptionalclauses;insteadChinacanadoptexceptionalclauseswhichareexclusively18todevelopingcountries.ThisobjectivelyrecognizesthatChinaenjoysstatusofadevelopingcountryandmeansthatChinacanadoptsuchexceptionalclausesasprotectionofitsinfantindustries.ShoulditsdomesticmarketsbeseriouslyaffectedorharmedbyexternalfactorsChinacanadopttemporarymeasurestocompensate.InshortChina’s19totheWTOasadevelopingcountryensuresthatChina’sobligationstotheWTOare20withitscurrentdevelopmentlevelthusgreatlyreducingthenegativeeffectstoChina’sindustriesresultingfromitsentryintotheWTO. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.1
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