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C8H18(1)+12.5O2(g)=8CO2(g)+9H2O(g) △H=-48.40kJ·mol-1 C8H18(1)+12.5O2(g)=8CO2(g)+9H2O(1) △H=-5518kJ·mol-1 C8H18(1)+12.5O2(g)=8CO2(g)+9H2O(1) △H=+5518kJ·mol-1 C8H18(1)+12.5O2(g)=8CO2(g)+9H2O(1) △H=-48.40kJ·mol-1
;△H.=-48.40kJ/mol ;△H.=-5518kJ/mol ;△H.=+5518kJ/mol ;△H.=-11036kJ/mol
C8H18(l)+12.5O2(g)== 8CO2(g) + 9H2O(g) ΔH= ‒ 48.40KJ/mol C8H18(l)+12.5O2(g)== 8CO2(g) + 9H2O(l) ΔH= ‒ 5518KJ/mol C8H18(l)+12.5O2(g)== 8CO2(g) + 9H2O(l) ΔH= +5518KJ/mol C8H18(l)+12.5O2(g)== 8CO2(g) + 9H2O(l) ΔH= ‒ 48.40KJ/mol
反应①和②产物都只含离子键 反应①和②中,反应物的总能量都比生成物总能量低 由上述反应可知Na的燃烧热为 414 kJ/mol 25℃、101kPa下,Na2O2(s)+2 Na(s)= 2Na2O(s) △H=-317kJ/mol
化学反应必然伴随能量变化 25℃,101kPa下,l mol C8H18(辛烷)燃烧生成CO2和液态水时放出5518 kJ热量,其热化学方程式为:C8H18 (l)+12.5O2 (g)=8CO2 (g)+9H2O (l)△H.=+5518kJ•mol-1 酸和碱的中和反应都是放热反应 反应物总能量高于生成物总能量,则该反应一定是放热反应
C8H18(l)+12.5O2(g) = 8CO2(g)+9H2O(g) ΔH.=-48.40 kJ·mol-1 C8H18(l)+12.5O2(g) = 8CO2(g)+9H2O(l) ΔH.=-5518 kJ·mol-1 C8H18(l)+12.5O2(g) = 8CO2(g)+9H2O(l) ΔH.=+5518 kJ·mol-1 2C8H18(l)+25O2(g) = 16CO2(g)+18H2O(g) ΔH.=-11036 kJ·mol-1
C8H18(1)+12.5O2(g)=8CO2(g)+9H2O(g) ∆H.=-48.40kJ/mol C8H18(1)+12.5O2(g)=8CO2(g)+9H2O(1) ∆H.=-5518kJ/mol C8H18(1)+12.5O2(g)=8CO2(g)+9H2O(1) ∆H.=+5518kJ/mol C8H18(1)+12.5O2(g)=8CO2(g)+9H2O(1) ∆H.=-48.40kJ/mol
等质量的钠分别发生反应①和②,产物的阴阳离子个数比相等 ①和②生成等物质的量的产物,转移电子数不同 常温下Na与足量O2反应生成Na2O,随温度升高生成Na2O的速率逐渐加快 25℃、101kPa 下,Na2O2(s)+2 Na(s)= 2Na2O(s) △H=-317kJ/mol
C8H18(l)+O2(g)==8CO2(g)+9H2O(g) △H=-5122kJ・mol-1 C8H18(l)+O2(g)==8CO2(g)+9H2O(l) △H=-5518kJ・mol-1 C8H18(l)+O2(g)==8CO2(g)+9H2O(l) △H=+5518kJ・mol-1 C8H18(l)+O2(g)==8CO2(g)+9H2O(l) △H=-48.40kJ・mol-1
C8H18(l)+12.5O2(g)=8CO2(g)+9H2O(g)
ΔH=-48.40kJ・mol-1
C8H18(l)+12.5O2(g)=8CO2(g)+9H2O(l)
ΔH=-5518kJ・mol-1
C8H18(l)+12.5O2(g)=8CO2(g)+9H2O(l)
ΔH=5518kJ・mol-1
C8H18(l)+12.5O2(g)=8CO2(g)+9H2O(l)
ΔH=-48.40kJ・mol-1