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乌梅丸中黄连与黄柏的配伍作用是( )
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乌梅丸的组成药物中含有
黄芪 黄连
黄芩 黄连
黄芪 黄柏
黄连 黄柏
黄芩 黄柏
乌梅丸的组成药物中含有
黄芩黄连
黄连黄柏
黄芪黄连
黄芪黄柏
黄芩黄柏
简述黄连黄柏在乌梅丸中的作用
黄连与黄柏在乌梅丸中的作用是
清热坚阴
清泄相火
苦令蛔下
清热燥湿
泻火解毒
黄连与黄柏在乌梅丸中的作用是
苦令蛔下
散寒止痛
温中止痛
伏蛔温脏
温脏散寒
乌梅丸中性味苦寒具有清热下蛔作用的药物有
乌梅
黄连
黄柏
黄芩
附子
乌梅丸的配伍特点是什么
乌梅丸中黄连与黄柏的配伍作用为
苦以下蛔
清泄相火
清热燥湿
清热坚阴
泻火解毒
简述健脾丸配伍特点及方中黄连的作用
乌梅丸中下蛔的药物是
乌梅、细辛
乌梅、干姜
黄连、乌梅
黄连、黄柏
乌梅、细辛
黄连黄柏同用的方剂是
乌梅丸
枳实消痞丸
木香槟榔丸
黄连解毒汤
乌梅丸中黄连与黄柏的配伍作用是
苦以下蛔
泻火解毒
清泄相火
清热燥湿
清热坚阴
清胃散中黄连与升麻配伍的作用是什么
乌梅丸的配伍意义中苦以下蛔清泻内热所用到的药物是
黄芩、黄柏
干姜、附子
黄连、黄芩
黄连、黄柏
细辛、蜀椒
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TheCaliforniancoastlinenorthandsouthofSiliconValleyisatrend-settingsortofplace.Increasinglythehomeinteriorsofthewell-heeledtheretendtowardoneoftwo1.Housesare2lightfloodedsparseandvaguelyAsianin3withperhapsaZenfountaininonecorneraYogaareainanother.Ortheyresembleelectroniccontrolroomswithallsortsof4computersroutersantennaescreensandremotecontrols.Occasionallybothelementsare5."She"mayhavethelivingroomand’publicareas6"he"isbanishedwithhistoysupordownthestairs. Currentlythegadgetlovershavepowerfulallies.Manyofthelargestcompaniesintheconsumer-electronicscomputertelecomsandinternetindustrieshavemadeastrategicdecisionto7visionsofa"digitalhome""eHome"or"connectedhome".Doubtingthat8fromcorporatecustomerswillever9totheboomlevelsofthelate1990sMicrosoftIntelSonyVerizonComcastHewlett-PackardAppleandothersseetheconsumer10theirbestchanceforgrowthandwillbethrowingabewildering11ofhome"solutions"at12inthecomingmonthsandyears. Tounderstandwhatthe13ultimatelyhavein14itisbesttovisitthe15homesthatmosthavebuiltontheircampusesorattradeshows.16cosyandoftenintimidatingthesefeatureflatscreensalmosteverywhere17electronicpictureframesinthebedroomfromthelargeTV-substituteinthelivingroom.Every18hasamicrochipandcanbe19totypedintoorclickedonto.Everythingis20toacentralcomputerthroughwirelesslinks. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.1
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TheCaliforniancoastlinenorthandsouthofSiliconValleyisatrend-settingsortofplace.Increasinglythehomeinteriorsofthewell-heeledtheretendtowardoneoftwo1.Housesare2lightfloodedsparseandvaguelyAsianin3withperhapsaZenfountaininonecorneraYogaareainanother.Ortheyresembleelectroniccontrolroomswithallsortsof4computersroutersantennaescreensandremotecontrols.Occasionallybothelementsare5."She"mayhavethelivingroomand’publicareas6"he"isbanishedwithhistoysupordownthestairs. Currentlythegadgetlovershavepowerfulallies.Manyofthelargestcompaniesintheconsumer-electronicscomputertelecomsandinternetindustrieshavemadeastrategicdecisionto7visionsofa"digitalhome""eHome"or"connectedhome".Doubtingthat8fromcorporatecustomerswillever9totheboomlevelsofthelate1990sMicrosoftIntelSonyVerizonComcastHewlett-PackardAppleandothersseetheconsumer10theirbestchanceforgrowthandwillbethrowingabewildering11ofhome"solutions"at12inthecomingmonthsandyears. Tounderstandwhatthe13ultimatelyhavein14itisbesttovisitthe15homesthatmosthavebuiltontheircampusesorattradeshows.16cosyandoftenintimidatingthesefeatureflatscreensalmosteverywhere17electronicpictureframesinthebedroomfromthelargeTV-substituteinthelivingroom.Every18hasamicrochipandcanbe19totypedintoorclickedonto.Everythingis20toacentralcomputerthroughwirelesslinks. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.11
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TheCaliforniancoastlinenorthandsouthofSiliconValleyisatrend-settingsortofplace.Increasinglythehomeinteriorsofthewell-heeledtheretendtowardoneoftwo1.Housesare2lightfloodedsparseandvaguelyAsianin3withperhapsaZenfountaininonecorneraYogaareainanother.Ortheyresembleelectroniccontrolroomswithallsortsof4computersroutersantennaescreensandremotecontrols.Occasionallybothelementsare5."She"mayhavethelivingroomand’publicareas6"he"isbanishedwithhistoysupordownthestairs. Currentlythegadgetlovershavepowerfulallies.Manyofthelargestcompaniesintheconsumer-electronicscomputertelecomsandinternetindustrieshavemadeastrategicdecisionto7visionsofa"digitalhome""eHome"or"connectedhome".Doubtingthat8fromcorporatecustomerswillever9totheboomlevelsofthelate1990sMicrosoftIntelSonyVerizonComcastHewlett-PackardAppleandothersseetheconsumer10theirbestchanceforgrowthandwillbethrowingabewildering11ofhome"solutions"at12inthecomingmonthsandyears. Tounderstandwhatthe13ultimatelyhavein14itisbesttovisitthe15homesthatmosthavebuiltontheircampusesorattradeshows.16cosyandoftenintimidatingthesefeatureflatscreensalmosteverywhere17electronicpictureframesinthebedroomfromthelargeTV-substituteinthelivingroom.Every18hasamicrochipandcanbe19totypedintoorclickedonto.Everythingis20toacentralcomputerthroughwirelesslinks. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.19
TheCaliforniancoastlinenorthandsouthofSiliconValleyisatrend-settingsortofplace.Increasinglythehomeinteriorsofthewell-heeledtheretendtowardoneoftwo1.Housesare2lightfloodedsparseandvaguelyAsianin3withperhapsaZenfountaininonecorneraYogaareainanother.Ortheyresembleelectroniccontrolroomswithallsortsof4computersroutersantennaescreensandremotecontrols.Occasionallybothelementsare5."She"mayhavethelivingroomand’publicareas6"he"isbanishedwithhistoysupordownthestairs. Currentlythegadgetlovershavepowerfulallies.Manyofthelargestcompaniesintheconsumer-electronicscomputertelecomsandinternetindustrieshavemadeastrategicdecisionto7visionsofa"digitalhome""eHome"or"connectedhome".Doubtingthat8fromcorporatecustomerswillever9totheboomlevelsofthelate1990sMicrosoftIntelSonyVerizonComcastHewlett-PackardAppleandothersseetheconsumer10theirbestchanceforgrowthandwillbethrowingabewildering11ofhome"solutions"at12inthecomingmonthsandyears. Tounderstandwhatthe13ultimatelyhavein14itisbesttovisitthe15homesthatmosthavebuiltontheircampusesorattradeshows.16cosyandoftenintimidatingthesefeatureflatscreensalmosteverywhere17electronicpictureframesinthebedroomfromthelargeTV-substituteinthelivingroom.Every18hasamicrochipandcanbe19totypedintoorclickedonto.Everythingis20toacentralcomputerthroughwirelesslinks. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.3
TheCaliforniancoastlinenorthandsouthofSiliconValleyisatrend-settingsortofplace.Increasinglythehomeinteriorsofthewell-heeledtheretendtowardoneoftwo1.Housesare2lightfloodedsparseandvaguelyAsianin3withperhapsaZenfountaininonecorneraYogaareainanother.Ortheyresembleelectroniccontrolroomswithallsortsof4computersroutersantennaescreensandremotecontrols.Occasionallybothelementsare5."She"mayhavethelivingroomand’publicareas6"he"isbanishedwithhistoysupordownthestairs. Currentlythegadgetlovershavepowerfulallies.Manyofthelargestcompaniesintheconsumer-electronicscomputertelecomsandinternetindustrieshavemadeastrategicdecisionto7visionsofa"digitalhome""eHome"or"connectedhome".Doubtingthat8fromcorporatecustomerswillever9totheboomlevelsofthelate1990sMicrosoftIntelSonyVerizonComcastHewlett-PackardAppleandothersseetheconsumer10theirbestchanceforgrowthandwillbethrowingabewildering11ofhome"solutions"at12inthecomingmonthsandyears. Tounderstandwhatthe13ultimatelyhavein14itisbesttovisitthe15homesthatmosthavebuiltontheircampusesorattradeshows.16cosyandoftenintimidatingthesefeatureflatscreensalmosteverywhere17electronicpictureframesinthebedroomfromthelargeTV-substituteinthelivingroom.Every18hasamicrochipandcanbe19totypedintoorclickedonto.Everythingis20toacentralcomputerthroughwirelesslinks. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.13
Thelast-minutevictoryoftheTexasLonghornsinthisyear’sRoseBowl--America’scollegefootballchampionship--wasthekindofthingthatstayswithfansforever.Justaswellbecausemanyhadpaidvastsumstoseethegame.RoseBowlticketsofficiallysoldfor＄175each.Ontheinternetresellerswerehawkingthemforasmuchas＄3000apop."Nobodyknowshowtocontrol[this]"observedMitchDorgerthetournament’schiefexecutive. Re-sellingticketsforaprofitknownlesspolitelyasscalpinginAmericaortoutinginBritainisbooming.InAmericaalonethe"secondarymarket"forticketstosought-aftereventsisworthover＄10billionreckonsJeffreyFluhrthebossofStubHubanonlineticketmarket.Scalpingusedtobeaboutburlymenlurkingoutsidestadiumswithfistfulsoftickets.Criesof"Ticketshereticketshere"stillringoutbeforekickoff.Buttheinternethascreatedalargerandmoreefficientmarket.Someinternet-basedticketagenciessuchastickcocomanddynamiteticketzcomactastraditionalscalpersbuyingupticketsandsellingthemonforasubstantialmark-up.ButotherslikeStubHubhaveanewbusinessmode—bringtogetherbuyersandsellersandthentakeacut.ForeachtransactionStubHubtakesajuicy25%. Despiteitssubstantialcommission—farhigherthanthosechargedbyotheronlineintermediariesincludingeBayorCraigslist—StubHubisflourishing.Thefirmwassetupin2000andthisyear’sRoseBowlwasitsbiggesteventever.TheSuperBowlinearlyFebruarywillbringanothernicehaulashaveU2andRollingStonesconcerts.UnlikeeBaywhichisthelargestonlinetraderinticketsStubHubguaranteeseachtransactionsobuyersneednotworryaboutfraud.Thecompany’srevenuesnowaround＄200maretriplingannuallydespiteitsstartinthedotcombust.Andthereisplentymoreroomtogrow.Mr.Fluhrnotesthatthemarketremains"highlyfragmented"withtinyoperationsstillflourishingandnewspaperclassifiedsnotyetdead. Buttherearerisks.Someeventsareboostingpricestocuttheresalemargins;othersareusingspecialmeasurestocrackdown.ThissummerticketstothesoccerWorldCupinGermanywillincludethenameandpassportnumberoftheoriginalpurchaserandembeddedchipsthatmatchthebuyertothetickets. Thentherearelegalworries.InAmericamorethanadozenstateshaveanti-scalpinglawsofvariouskinds.NewMexicoforbidstheresellingofticketsforcollegegames;Mississippidoessoforalleventsongovernment-ownedproperty.Suchlawsareoftenignoredbutcanstillbite.InMassachusettswhereresellingaticketformorethan＄2abovefacevalueisunlawfulonefanbroughtalawsuitlastautumnagainst16companiesincludingStubHuboverhispriceyRedSoxtickets. Severemeasurestodiscouragere-sellingticketsforprofitsareillustratedwith
Backwhenwewerekidsthehoursspentwithfriendsweretoonumeroustocount.Thereweremarathontelephoneconversations;all-nightstudyingandgigglingsessions.Evenafterboyfriendsenteredthepicturedourbestfriendsremainedirreplaceable.AndtimewasthemeansbyWhichwenurturedthosefriendships.Nowasadultwomenweneverseemtohaveenoughtimeforanything.Husbandskidscareersandavocations--allrequireattention;toooftenmakingtimeforourfriendscomeslastonthelistofpriorities.Andyetironicallyweneedourfriendsasmuchaseverinadulthood.Afriendshipnetworkisabsolutelycrucialforourwellbeingasadults.Wehavetodothehardworkofbuildingandsustainingthenetwork.Herearesomeimportantwaysforaccomplishingthis. Letgoofyourlesscentralfriendships. Manyofourfriendshipswerenevermeanttolastalifetime.It’snaturalthatsomefriendshipshavetimelimits.Furthermorenoweveryonehasabusysocialcalendarsopullbackfromsomepeoplethatyoudon’treallywanttodrawclosetoandgivethemostpromisingfriendshipafairchancetogrow. 41Bewillingto"dropeverything"whenyou’retrulyneeded. Youmaygetacallfromafriendwhoisreallydepressedoveracertainproblemwhenyouarejustsittingdowntoenjoyaromanticdinnerwithyourhusband.Thisisjustoneofthoseinstanceswhenafriend’sneedsmatteredmore. 42Takeadvantageofthemails. Nearlyallofushavepalslivingfaraway--friendswemissverymuch.Giventhelimitedtimeavailableforvisitsandthehighpriceofphonecallswritingisafinewaytokeepintouchandmakesbothsenderandreceiverfeelgood. 43Riskexpressingnegativefeelings. Whentimetogetheristoughtocomebyit’snaturaltowantthemoodduringthattimetobeupbeat.Andmanypeoplefearthatotherswillthinklessofyouifyouexpressthenegativefeelingslikeangerandhurt. 44Don’tmakeyourfriends’problemsyourown. Sharingyourfriend’sgriefisthewayyoushowdeepfriendship. Neverunderestimatethevalueofloyalty. Loyaltyhasalwaysbeenratedasoneofthemostdesiredqualitiesinfriends.Trueloyaltycanbeafairlysubtlething.Somepeoplefeelitmeansthatnomatterwhatyourfriendwillalwaystakeyouside.Butrealloyaltyisbeingacceptingthepersonnotnecessarilyofcertainactionsyourfriendmighttake. 45Givethegiftoftimeasoftenastimeallows. Timeiswhatwedon’thavenearlyenoughof--andyetarmedwithalittleingenuitywecanmakeittogiveittoourfriends. Thelastbutnottheleastthingtokeepafriendshipaliveistosaytoyourfriends"Imissyouandloveyou."Sayingthatattheendofaphoneconversationoravisitorwritingitonabirthdaycardcansustainyourfriendshipforthetimesyouaren’ttogether. [A]Buttakingonyourfriend’spaindoesn’tmakethatpaingoaway.There’sabigdifferencebetweenempathyorrecognizingafriend’spainandoveridentificationwhichmakesthesuffererfeelevenweaker--"ImustbeinworsepainthanIeventhoughtbecausethepersonI’mconfidinginissufferingsomuch!"Remembertroubledpeoplejustneedtheirfriendstostaygroundedintheirownfeelings. [B]Rememberhonestyisthekeytokeepingafriendshipreal.Sharingyourpainwillactuallydeepenafriendship. [C]Besidesletterscardsandpostcardshavethevirtueofbeingtangible--friendscankeepthemandrereadthemforyearstocome. [D]ThetrickisrememberingthatalittleisbetterthannoneandthatyoucandotwothingsatOnce.Forinstanceifyoubothgoforaweeklyaerobicsgoonthesameday.Ifyoubothwanttogoonvocationschedulethesamedestination. [E]Carefullisteningclearwritingclosereadingplainspeakingandaccuratedescription-willbeinvaluable.Intomorrow’sfast-pacedbusinessenvironmenttherewillbepreciouslittletimetocorrectanymisunderstandings.Communicationsbreakdownmaywellbecomeafatalcorporatedisease. [F]Sometimesbecauseofourunbreakablecommitmentsorothercircumstanceswesimplycan’tgiveaneedyfriendthetimewe’dlike.Ifyoucan’tbethereatthatgivenmomentsaysomethinglike"IwishIcouldbewithyouIcanhearthatyou’reinpain.MayIcallyoutomorrow"Besureyourfriendknowsshe’scaredabout. 45
MenorcaorMajorcaItisthattimeoftheyearagain.Thebrochuresarepilingupintravelagentswhilenewspapersandmagazinesbulgewithadviceaboutwheretogo.ButthetraditionalpackagedholidayaBritishinnovationthatprovidedmanytimidnativeswiththeirfirstexperienceofwarmsandisnotwhatitwas.IndeedtheindustryisanxiouslyawaitingaHighCourtrulingtofindoutexactlywhatitnowis. TwothingshavechangedthewayBritonsresearchandbooktheirholidays:low-costairlinesandtheinternet.Insteadofbuyingareadymadepackageconsistingofaflighthotelcarhireandassortedentertainmentfromatouroperator’sbrochureitisnoweasytoputtogetheratripusinganonlinetravelagentlikeExpediaorTravelocitywhichlastJulyboughtLastminute.comfor￡577m＄1billionorfromtheproliferatingwebsitesofairlineshotelsandcar-rentalfirms. Thishasledsometosoundthedeathknellforhighstreettravelagentsandtouroperators.Therehavebeenupheavalsandclosuresbutthetraditionalfirmsarestartingtofightbackinpartbymovingmoreoftheirbusinessonline.FirstChoiceHolidaysforinstancesawitspretaxprofitriseby16%to￡114m＄196mintheyeartotheendofOctober.Althoughtheoverallnumberofholidaysbookedhasfallenthecompanyisconcentratingonmorevaluablelong-haulandadventuretrips.FirstChoicenowsellsmorethanhalfitstripsdirectlyeitherviatheinternetoverthetelephoneorfromitsowntravelshops.Itwantsthattoreach75%withinafewyears. Othertouroperatorsareshowingsimilarhustle.MyTravelmanagedtocutitslossbyalmosthalfin2005.ThomasCookandThomsonHolidaysnowbothGermanownedarealsobullishaboutthecomingholidayseason.Highstreettravelagentsarehavingatoughertimethoughnotleastbecausemanyleadingtouroperationshavecutthecommissionstheypay. Somehigh-streettravelagentsarealsolearningtolivewiththeinternethelpingpeoplebookcomplicatedtripsthattheyhaveresearchedonlineprovidingadviceandtackingonotherservices:Thisisseenasagrowtharea.Butifanagentputstogetherseparateflightsandhotelaccommodationisthatapackagetoo TheCivilAviationAuthorityCAAsaysitisandtheagentshouldholdanAirTravelOrganisers-Licencewhichprovidesfinancialguaranteestorepatriatepeopleandproviderefunds.Theschemedatesfromtheearly1970swhensomelargeBritishtravelfirmswentbuststrandingcustomersontheCostas.AlthoughsuchfailuresarelesscommonthesedaystheCAAhadtohelpoutsome30000peoplelastyear.TheAssociationofBritishTravelAgentswenttotheHighCourtinNovembertoarguesuchbookingsarenottraditionalpackagesandsodonotrequireagentstoacquirethecostlylicences.WhilethecourtdecidesmillionsofBritonswillhappilyclickawaybuyingonlineholidaysunawareofthedifference. Accordingtothefirstandlastparagraphswhichofthefollowingisstillinsuspense
TheCaliforniancoastlinenorthandsouthofSiliconValleyisatrend-settingsortofplace.Increasinglythehomeinteriorsofthewell-heeledtheretendtowardoneoftwo1.Housesare2lightfloodedsparseandvaguelyAsianin3withperhapsaZenfountaininonecorneraYogaareainanother.Ortheyresembleelectroniccontrolroomswithallsortsof4computersroutersantennaescreensandremotecontrols.Occasionallybothelementsare5."She"mayhavethelivingroomand’publicareas6"he"isbanishedwithhistoysupordownthestairs. Currentlythegadgetlovershavepowerfulallies.Manyofthelargestcompaniesintheconsumer-electronicscomputertelecomsandinternetindustrieshavemadeastrategicdecisionto7visionsofa"digitalhome""eHome"or"connectedhome".Doubtingthat8fromcorporatecustomerswillever9totheboomlevelsofthelate1990sMicrosoftIntelSonyVerizonComcastHewlett-PackardAppleandothersseetheconsumer10theirbestchanceforgrowthandwillbethrowingabewildering11ofhome"solutions"at12inthecomingmonthsandyears. Tounderstandwhatthe13ultimatelyhavein14itisbesttovisitthe15homesthatmosthavebuiltontheircampusesorattradeshows.16cosyandoftenintimidatingthesefeatureflatscreensalmosteverywhere17electronicpictureframesinthebedroomfromthelargeTV-substituteinthelivingroom.Every18hasamicrochipandcanbe19totypedintoorclickedonto.Everythingis20toacentralcomputerthroughwirelesslinks. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.7
TheCaliforniancoastlinenorthandsouthofSiliconValleyisatrend-settingsortofplace.Increasinglythehomeinteriorsofthewell-heeledtheretendtowardoneoftwo1.Housesare2lightfloodedsparseandvaguelyAsianin3withperhapsaZenfountaininonecorneraYogaareainanother.Ortheyresembleelectroniccontrolroomswithallsortsof4computersroutersantennaescreensandremotecontrols.Occasionallybothelementsare5."She"mayhavethelivingroomand’publicareas6"he"isbanishedwithhistoysupordownthestairs. Currentlythegadgetlovershavepowerfulallies.Manyofthelargestcompaniesintheconsumer-electronicscomputertelecomsandinternetindustrieshavemadeastrategicdecisionto7visionsofa"digitalhome""eHome"or"connectedhome".Doubtingthat8fromcorporatecustomerswillever9totheboomlevelsofthelate1990sMicrosoftIntelSonyVerizonComcastHewlett-PackardAppleandothersseetheconsumer10theirbestchanceforgrowthandwillbethrowingabewildering11ofhome"solutions"at12inthecomingmonthsandyears. Tounderstandwhatthe13ultimatelyhavein14itisbesttovisitthe15homesthatmosthavebuiltontheircampusesorattradeshows.16cosyandoftenintimidatingthesefeatureflatscreensalmosteverywhere17electronicpictureframesinthebedroomfromthelargeTV-substituteinthelivingroom.Every18hasamicrochipandcanbe19totypedintoorclickedonto.Everythingis20toacentralcomputerthroughwirelesslinks. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.17
TheCaliforniancoastlinenorthandsouthofSiliconValleyisatrend-settingsortofplace.Increasinglythehomeinteriorsofthewell-heeledtheretendtowardoneoftwo1.Housesare2lightfloodedsparseandvaguelyAsianin3withperhapsaZenfountaininonecorneraYogaareainanother.Ortheyresembleelectroniccontrolroomswithallsortsof4computersroutersantennaescreensandremotecontrols.Occasionallybothelementsare5."She"mayhavethelivingroomand’publicareas6"he"isbanishedwithhistoysupordownthestairs. Currentlythegadgetlovershavepowerfulallies.Manyofthelargestcompaniesintheconsumer-electronicscomputertelecomsandinternetindustrieshavemadeastrategicdecisionto7visionsofa"digitalhome""eHome"or"connectedhome".Doubtingthat8fromcorporatecustomerswillever9totheboomlevelsofthelate1990sMicrosoftIntelSonyVerizonComcastHewlett-PackardAppleandothersseetheconsumer10theirbestchanceforgrowthandwillbethrowingabewildering11ofhome"solutions"at12inthecomingmonthsandyears. Tounderstandwhatthe13ultimatelyhavein14itisbesttovisitthe15homesthatmosthavebuiltontheircampusesorattradeshows.16cosyandoftenintimidatingthesefeatureflatscreensalmosteverywhere17electronicpictureframesinthebedroomfromthelargeTV-substituteinthelivingroom.Every18hasamicrochipandcanbe19totypedintoorclickedonto.Everythingis20toacentralcomputerthroughwirelesslinks. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.9
MenorcaorMajorcaItisthattimeoftheyearagain.Thebrochuresarepilingupintravelagentswhilenewspapersandmagazinesbulgewithadviceaboutwheretogo.ButthetraditionalpackagedholidayaBritishinnovationthatprovidedmanytimidnativeswiththeirfirstexperienceofwarmsandisnotwhatitwas.IndeedtheindustryisanxiouslyawaitingaHighCourtrulingtofindoutexactlywhatitnowis. TwothingshavechangedthewayBritonsresearchandbooktheirholidays:low-costairlinesandtheinternet.Insteadofbuyingareadymadepackageconsistingofaflighthotelcarhireandassortedentertainmentfromatouroperator’sbrochureitisnoweasytoputtogetheratripusinganonlinetravelagentlikeExpediaorTravelocitywhichlastJulyboughtLastminute.comfor￡577m＄1billionorfromtheproliferatingwebsitesofairlineshotelsandcar-rentalfirms. Thishasledsometosoundthedeathknellforhighstreettravelagentsandtouroperators.Therehavebeenupheavalsandclosuresbutthetraditionalfirmsarestartingtofightbackinpartbymovingmoreoftheirbusinessonline.FirstChoiceHolidaysforinstancesawitspretaxprofitriseby16%to￡114m＄196mintheyeartotheendofOctober.Althoughtheoverallnumberofholidaysbookedhasfallenthecompanyisconcentratingonmorevaluablelong-haulandadventuretrips.FirstChoicenowsellsmorethanhalfitstripsdirectlyeitherviatheinternetoverthetelephoneorfromitsowntravelshops.Itwantsthattoreach75%withinafewyears. Othertouroperatorsareshowingsimilarhustle.MyTravelmanagedtocutitslossbyalmosthalfin2005.ThomasCookandThomsonHolidaysnowbothGermanownedarealsobullishaboutthecomingholidayseason.Highstreettravelagentsarehavingatoughertimethoughnotleastbecausemanyleadingtouroperationshavecutthecommissionstheypay. Somehigh-streettravelagentsarealsolearningtolivewiththeinternethelpingpeoplebookcomplicatedtripsthattheyhaveresearchedonlineprovidingadviceandtackingonotherservices:Thisisseenasagrowtharea.Butifanagentputstogetherseparateflightsandhotelaccommodationisthatapackagetoo TheCivilAviationAuthorityCAAsaysitisandtheagentshouldholdanAirTravelOrganisers-Licencewhichprovidesfinancialguaranteestorepatriatepeopleandproviderefunds.Theschemedatesfromtheearly1970swhensomelargeBritishtravelfirmswentbuststrandingcustomersontheCostas.AlthoughsuchfailuresarelesscommonthesedaystheCAAhadtohelpoutsome30000peoplelastyear.TheAssociationofBritishTravelAgentswenttotheHighCourtinNovembertoarguesuchbookingsarenottraditionalpackagesandsodonotrequireagentstoacquirethecostlylicences.WhilethecourtdecidesmillionsofBritonswillhappilyclickawaybuyingonlineholidaysunawareofthedifference. Basedonthefirstparagraphthebesttitleofthetextcouldbe
TheCaliforniancoastlinenorthandsouthofSiliconValleyisatrend-settingsortofplace.Increasinglythehomeinteriorsofthewell-heeledtheretendtowardoneoftwo1.Housesare2lightfloodedsparseandvaguelyAsianin3withperhapsaZenfountaininonecorneraYogaareainanother.Ortheyresembleelectroniccontrolroomswithallsortsof4computersroutersantennaescreensandremotecontrols.Occasionallybothelementsare5."She"mayhavethelivingroomand’publicareas6"he"isbanishedwithhistoysupordownthestairs. Currentlythegadgetlovershavepowerfulallies.Manyofthelargestcompaniesintheconsumer-electronicscomputertelecomsandinternetindustrieshavemadeastrategicdecisionto7visionsofa"digitalhome""eHome"or"connectedhome".Doubtingthat8fromcorporatecustomerswillever9totheboomlevelsofthelate1990sMicrosoftIntelSonyVerizonComcastHewlett-PackardAppleandothersseetheconsumer10theirbestchanceforgrowthandwillbethrowingabewildering11ofhome"solutions"at12inthecomingmonthsandyears. Tounderstandwhatthe13ultimatelyhavein14itisbesttovisitthe15homesthatmosthavebuiltontheircampusesorattradeshows.16cosyandoftenintimidatingthesefeatureflatscreensalmosteverywhere17electronicpictureframesinthebedroomfromthelargeTV-substituteinthelivingroom.Every18hasamicrochipandcanbe19totypedintoorclickedonto.Everythingis20toacentralcomputerthroughwirelesslinks. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.5
TheymaynotbetherichestbutAfricansremaintheworld’sstaunchestoptimists.AnannualsurveybyGallupInternationalaresearchoutfitshowsthatwhenaskedwhetherthisyearwillbebetterthanlastAfricaonceagaincomesoutontop.Outof52000peopleinterviewedallovertheworldunderhalfbelievethatthingsarelookingup.ButinAfricatheproportioniscloseto60%almosttwiceasmuchasinEurope. Africanshavesomereasonstobecheerful.Thecontinent’seconomyhasbeendoingfairlywellwithSouthAfricatheeconomicpowerhousegrowingsteadilyoverthepastfewyears.SomeofAfrica’slong-runningconflictssuchasthewarbetweenthenorthandsouthinSudanandthecivilwarinCongohaveended.AfricaevenhasitsfirstelectedfemaleheadofstateinLiberia. Yetthereisnoshortageofdownerstoo.MostofAfricaremainsdirtpoor.CrisesinplaceslikeCoted’IvoireSierraLeoneandZimbabwearefarfromsolved.AndthedemocraticcredentialsofEthiopiaandUgandaoncethedarlingsofwesterndonorshavetakenabadknock.AIDSkilledovergmAfricansin2005andwillkillmorethisyear. SoisitalljustacaseofirrationalexuberanceMerilJamesofGalluparguesthatthereisinfactusuallyverylittlerelationbetweenthesurvey’soptimismrankingsandreality.AfricansthisyearledbyNigeriansareconsistentlythemostupbeatwhethertheirlotgetsbetterornot.OntheotherhandGreece--hardlytheworstplaceonearth--topsthegloomanddoomchartfollowedcloselybyPortugalandFrance. MsJamesspeculatesthatreligionmayhavealottodowithit.NineoutoftenAfricansarereligiousthehighestproportionintheworld.ButcynicsarguethatmostAfricansbelievethat2006willbegoldenbecausethingshavebeensobadthatitishardtoimaginehowtheycouldpossiblygetworse.ThismayhelpexplainwhyplacesthathavesufferedrecentmisfortunessuchasKosovoandAfghanistanrankamongthetopfiveoptimists.MoussakaforthoughtforthosedepressedGreeks. ItcanbeinferredfromthefourparagraphofthetextthatAfricanoptimismis
"Thisisareallyexcitingtime-aneweraisstarting"saysPeterBazalgettethechiefcreativeofficerofEndemolthetelevisioncompanybehind"BigBrother"andotherpopularshows.Heisreferringtotheupsurgeofinterestinmobiletelevisionanascentindustryattheintersectionoftelecomsandmediawhichoffersnewopportunitiestodevicemakerscontentproducersandmobile-networkoperators.Andheisfarfromaloneinhisenthusiasm. Alreadymanymobileoperatorsofferaselectionoftelevisionchannelsorindividualshowswhichare"streamed"acrosstheirthird-generation3Gnetworks.InSouthKoreatelevisionisalsosenttomobilephonesviasatelliteandterrestrialbroadcastnetworkswhichisfarmoreefficientthansendingvideoacrossmobilenetworks;similarbroadcastswillbegininJapaninApril.InEuropetheItalianarmof3amobileoperatorrecentlyacquiredCanale7atelevisionchannelwithaviewtolaunchingmobile-TVbroadcastsinItalyinthesecondhalfof2006.Similarmobile-TVnetworkswillalsobebuiltinFinlandandAmericaandarebeingtestedinmanyothercountries. MeanwhileAppleComputerwhichlaunchedavideo-capableversionofitsiPodportablemusic-playerinOctoberisstrikingdealswithtelevisionnetworkstoexpandtherangeofshowsthatcanbepurchasedforviewingonthedeviceincluding"Lost""DesperateHousewives"and"Law＆Order".TiVomakerofthepioneeringpersonalvideorecorderPVRsaysitplanstoenablesubscriberstodownloadrecordedshowsontoiPodsandotherportabledevicesforviewingonthemove.AndmobileTVwasoneofthebigtrendsattheworld’slargesttechnologyfairtheConsumerElectronicsShowwhichtookplaceinLasVegasthisweek. DespiteallthisactivityhowevertheprospectsformobileTVareunclear.Forastartnobodyreallyknowsifconsumerswillpayforitthoughsurveyssuggesttheyliketheidea.Informaaconsultancysaystherewillbe125mmobile-TVusersby2010.Butmanyothermobiletechnologiesinspiredhighhopesandthenfailedtoliveuptoexpectations.AndevenifpeopledowantTVonthemovethereisfurtheruncertaintyinthreeareas:technologybusinessmodelsandthecontentitself. Thewordnascentinthefirstparagraphofthetextmostprobablymeans
TheymaynotbetherichestbutAfricansremaintheworld’sstaunchestoptimists.AnannualsurveybyGallupInternationalaresearchoutfitshowsthatwhenaskedwhetherthisyearwillbebetterthanlastAfricaonceagaincomesoutontop.Outof52000peopleinterviewedallovertheworldunderhalfbelievethatthingsarelookingup.ButinAfricatheproportioniscloseto60%almosttwiceasmuchasinEurope. Africanshavesomereasonstobecheerful.Thecontinent’seconomyhasbeendoingfairlywellwithSouthAfricatheeconomicpowerhousegrowingsteadilyoverthepastfewyears.SomeofAfrica’slong-runningconflictssuchasthewarbetweenthenorthandsouthinSudanandthecivilwarinCongohaveended.AfricaevenhasitsfirstelectedfemaleheadofstateinLiberia. Yetthereisnoshortageofdownerstoo.MostofAfricaremainsdirtpoor.CrisesinplaceslikeCoted’IvoireSierraLeoneandZimbabwearefarfromsolved.AndthedemocraticcredentialsofEthiopiaandUgandaoncethedarlingsofwesterndonorshavetakenabadknock.AIDSkilledovergmAfricansin2005andwillkillmorethisyear. SoisitalljustacaseofirrationalexuberanceMerilJamesofGalluparguesthatthereisinfactusuallyverylittlerelationbetweenthesurvey’soptimismrankingsandreality.AfricansthisyearledbyNigeriansareconsistentlythemostupbeatwhethertheirlotgetsbetterornot.OntheotherhandGreece--hardlytheworstplaceonearth--topsthegloomanddoomchartfollowedcloselybyPortugalandFrance. MsJamesspeculatesthatreligionmayhavealottodowithit.NineoutoftenAfricansarereligiousthehighestproportionintheworld.ButcynicsarguethatmostAfricansbelievethat2006willbegoldenbecausethingshavebeensobadthatitishardtoimaginehowtheycouldpossiblygetworse.ThismayhelpexplainwhyplacesthathavesufferedrecentmisfortunessuchasKosovoandAfghanistanrankamongthetopfiveoptimists.MoussakaforthoughtforthosedepressedGreeks. ThetoneoftheauthorindiscussingAfricanstatuscanbedefinedasbeing
Backwhenwewerekidsthehoursspentwithfriendsweretoonumeroustocount.Thereweremarathontelephoneconversations;all-nightstudyingandgigglingsessions.Evenafterboyfriendsenteredthepicturedourbestfriendsremainedirreplaceable.AndtimewasthemeansbyWhichwenurturedthosefriendships.Nowasadultwomenweneverseemtohaveenoughtimeforanything.Husbandskidscareersandavocations--allrequireattention;toooftenmakingtimeforourfriendscomeslastonthelistofpriorities.Andyetironicallyweneedourfriendsasmuchaseverinadulthood.Afriendshipnetworkisabsolutelycrucialforourwellbeingasadults.Wehavetodothehardworkofbuildingandsustainingthenetwork.Herearesomeimportantwaysforaccomplishingthis. Letgoofyourlesscentralfriendships. Manyofourfriendshipswerenevermeanttolastalifetime.It’snaturalthatsomefriendshipshavetimelimits.Furthermorenoweveryonehasabusysocialcalendarsopullbackfromsomepeoplethatyoudon’treallywanttodrawclosetoandgivethemostpromisingfriendshipafairchancetogrow. 41Bewillingto"dropeverything"whenyou’retrulyneeded. Youmaygetacallfromafriendwhoisreallydepressedoveracertainproblemwhenyouarejustsittingdowntoenjoyaromanticdinnerwithyourhusband.Thisisjustoneofthoseinstanceswhenafriend’sneedsmatteredmore. 42Takeadvantageofthemails. Nearlyallofushavepalslivingfaraway--friendswemissverymuch.Giventhelimitedtimeavailableforvisitsandthehighpriceofphonecallswritingisafinewaytokeepintouchandmakesbothsenderandreceiverfeelgood. 43Riskexpressingnegativefeelings. Whentimetogetheristoughtocomebyit’snaturaltowantthemoodduringthattimetobeupbeat.Andmanypeoplefearthatotherswillthinklessofyouifyouexpressthenegativefeelingslikeangerandhurt. 44Don’tmakeyourfriends’problemsyourown. Sharingyourfriend’sgriefisthewayyoushowdeepfriendship. Neverunderestimatethevalueofloyalty. Loyaltyhasalwaysbeenratedasoneofthemostdesiredqualitiesinfriends.Trueloyaltycanbeafairlysubtlething.Somepeoplefeelitmeansthatnomatterwhatyourfriendwillalwaystakeyouside.Butrealloyaltyisbeingacceptingthepersonnotnecessarilyofcertainactionsyourfriendmighttake. 45Givethegiftoftimeasoftenastimeallows. Timeiswhatwedon’thavenearlyenoughof--andyetarmedwithalittleingenuitywecanmakeittogiveittoourfriends. Thelastbutnottheleastthingtokeepafriendshipaliveistosaytoyourfriends"Imissyouandloveyou."Sayingthatattheendofaphoneconversationoravisitorwritingitonabirthdaycardcansustainyourfriendshipforthetimesyouaren’ttogether. [A]Buttakingonyourfriend’spaindoesn’tmakethatpaingoaway.There’sabigdifferencebetweenempathyorrecognizingafriend’spainandoveridentificationwhichmakesthesuffererfeelevenweaker--"ImustbeinworsepainthanIeventhoughtbecausethepersonI’mconfidinginissufferingsomuch!"Remembertroubledpeoplejustneedtheirfriendstostaygroundedintheirownfeelings. [B]Rememberhonestyisthekeytokeepingafriendshipreal.Sharingyourpainwillactuallydeepenafriendship. [C]Besidesletterscardsandpostcardshavethevirtueofbeingtangible--friendscankeepthemandrereadthemforyearstocome. [D]ThetrickisrememberingthatalittleisbetterthannoneandthatyoucandotwothingsatOnce.Forinstanceifyoubothgoforaweeklyaerobicsgoonthesameday.Ifyoubothwanttogoonvocationschedulethesamedestination. [E]Carefullisteningclearwritingclosereadingplainspeakingandaccuratedescription-willbeinvaluable.Intomorrow’sfast-pacedbusinessenvironmenttherewillbepreciouslittletimetocorrectanymisunderstandings.Communicationsbreakdownmaywellbecomeafatalcorporatedisease. [F]Sometimesbecauseofourunbreakablecommitmentsorothercircumstanceswesimplycan’tgiveaneedyfriendthetimewe’dlike.Ifyoucan’tbethereatthatgivenmomentsaysomethinglike"IwishIcouldbewithyouIcanhearthatyou’reinpain.MayIcallyoutomorrow"Besureyourfriendknowsshe’scaredabout. 41
Thelast-minutevictoryoftheTexasLonghornsinthisyear’sRoseBowl--America’scollegefootballchampionship--wasthekindofthingthatstayswithfansforever.Justaswellbecausemanyhadpaidvastsumstoseethegame.RoseBowlticketsofficiallysoldfor＄175each.Ontheinternetresellerswerehawkingthemforasmuchas＄3000apop."Nobodyknowshowtocontrol[this]"observedMitchDorgerthetournament’schiefexecutive. Re-sellingticketsforaprofitknownlesspolitelyasscalpinginAmericaortoutinginBritainisbooming.InAmericaalonethe"secondarymarket"forticketstosought-aftereventsisworthover＄10billionreckonsJeffreyFluhrthebossofStubHubanonlineticketmarket.Scalpingusedtobeaboutburlymenlurkingoutsidestadiumswithfistfulsoftickets.Criesof"Ticketshereticketshere"stillringoutbeforekickoff.Buttheinternethascreatedalargerandmoreefficientmarket.Someinternet-basedticketagenciessuchastickcocomanddynamiteticketzcomactastraditionalscalpersbuyingupticketsandsellingthemonforasubstantialmark-up.ButotherslikeStubHubhaveanewbusinessmode—bringtogetherbuyersandsellersandthentakeacut.ForeachtransactionStubHubtakesajuicy25%. Despiteitssubstantialcommission—farhigherthanthosechargedbyotheronlineintermediariesincludingeBayorCraigslist—StubHubisflourishing.Thefirmwassetupin2000andthisyear’sRoseBowlwasitsbiggesteventever.TheSuperBowlinearlyFebruarywillbringanothernicehaulashaveU2andRollingStonesconcerts.UnlikeeBaywhichisthelargestonlinetraderinticketsStubHubguaranteeseachtransactionsobuyersneednotworryaboutfraud.Thecompany’srevenuesnowaround＄200maretriplingannuallydespiteitsstartinthedotcombust.Andthereisplentymoreroomtogrow.Mr.Fluhrnotesthatthemarketremains"highlyfragmented"withtinyoperationsstillflourishingandnewspaperclassifiedsnotyetdead. Buttherearerisks.Someeventsareboostingpricestocuttheresalemargins;othersareusingspecialmeasurestocrackdown.ThissummerticketstothesoccerWorldCupinGermanywillincludethenameandpassportnumberoftheoriginalpurchaserandembeddedchipsthatmatchthebuyertothetickets. Thentherearelegalworries.InAmericamorethanadozenstateshaveanti-scalpinglawsofvariouskinds.NewMexicoforbidstheresellingofticketsforcollegegames;Mississippidoessoforalleventsongovernment-ownedproperty.Suchlawsareoftenignoredbutcanstillbite.InMassachusettswhereresellingaticketformorethan＄2abovefacevalueisunlawfulonefanbroughtalawsuitlastautumnagainst16companiesincludingStubHuboverhispriceyRedSoxtickets. Inboththesecondandthethirdparagraphstheauthoremployswhichofthefollowingwritingdevice
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