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阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。 {{B}}? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Riches and Romance From Franc...
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{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A项如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B项如果该句信息文章中没有提及请选择C项 ??????? ??????????? ??????????{{B}}The Workers’RoleinManagement{{/B}}??Traditionallyithasbeenthe workers’roletoworkandmanagement’sroletomanage.Managershaveplannedand directedthefirm’soperationswithlittlethoughttoconsultingthelabor force.Managershaverarelyfeltcompelledtoobtaintheworkers’opinionsorto explaintheirdecisionstotheiremployees.Atmostcompanieshaveprovided suggestionboxesinwhichworkerscouldplaceideasforimprovingprocedures. Inrecentyearshowevermanymanagementspecialistshavebeenarguingthat workersaremorethansellersoflabor--theyhaveavitalstakeinthecompany andmaybeabletomakesignificantcontributionstoitsmanagement. Furthermoremajorcompanydecisionsprofoundlyaffectworkersandtheir dependents.Thisisparticularlytrueofplantclosingswhichmayputthousands ontheunemploymentlines.Shouldworkersthenplayastrongerrolein management???Workersshouldhavearoleinmanagement.Atthe veryleastthelaborforceshouldbeinformedofmajorpolicydecisions.A commoncomplaintamongrank-and-fileworkersisthelackofinformationabout companypoliciesandactions.Between1980and1985aboutfivemillionworkers werethevictimsofplantclosingsandpermanentlayoffsoftenwithnowarning. Atleast90days’noticeoughttobegiveninsuchinstancessothatworkers havetimetoadjust.Managementshouldconsultworkersbeforeclosingaplant becausetheworkersmightbeabletosuggestwaysofimprovingproductivityand reducingcostsandmightbewillingtomakeconcessionsthatwillhelpkeepthe plantoperating.??Itshouldbecomeageneralpracticetoinclude workersinsomemanagerialdecisionmaking.Thereoughttoberepresentativesof theworkersonthefirm’sboardofdirectorsorothermajorpolicymakinggroups. Ifrank-and-fileworkersaregivenavoiceintheplanningandmanagementofthe workflowtheywillhelptomakeimprovementstheirmoralewillriseand theirproductivitywillincrease.Asafurtherincentivetheymustbegivena shareinthecompany’sprofits.Thiscanbedonethroughemployeestockownership plansbonusesorrewardsforefficiencyandproductivity.Finallywhena plantcannolongeroperateataprofittheworkersshouldbegiventhe opportunitytopurchasetheplantandrunit themselves.Inrecentyearsmanymanagementspecialistshavebeenarguingfortheworker’sroleinmanagementwithtwomajorreasons.
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A项如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B项如果该句信息文章中没有提及请选择C项 ??????? ??????????? ??????????{{B}}The Workers’RoleinManagement{{/B}}??Traditionallyithasbeenthe workers’roletoworkandmanagement’sroletomanage.Managershaveplannedand directedthefirm’soperationswithlittlethoughttoconsultingthelabor force.Managershaverarelyfeltcompelledtoobtaintheworkers’opinionsorto explaintheirdecisionstotheiremployees.Atmostcompanieshaveprovided suggestionboxesinwhichworkerscouldplaceideasforimprovingprocedures. Inrecentyearshowevermanymanagementspecialistshavebeenarguingthat workersaremorethansellersoflabor--theyhaveavitalstakeinthecompany andmaybeabletomakesignificantcontributionstoitsmanagement. Furthermoremajorcompanydecisionsprofoundlyaffectworkersandtheir dependents.Thisisparticularlytrueofplantclosingswhichmayputthousands ontheunemploymentlines.Shouldworkersthenplayastrongerrolein management???Workersshouldhavearoleinmanagement.Atthe veryleastthelaborforceshouldbeinformedofmajorpolicydecisions.A commoncomplaintamongrank-and-fileworkersisthelackofinformationabout companypoliciesandactions.Between1980and1985aboutfivemillionworkers werethevictimsofplantclosingsandpermanentlayoffsoftenwithnowarning. Atleast90days’noticeoughttobegiveninsuchinstancessothatworkers havetimetoadjust.Managementshouldconsultworkersbeforeclosingaplant becausetheworkersmightbeabletosuggestwaysofimprovingproductivityand reducingcostsandmightbewillingtomakeconcessionsthatwillhelpkeepthe plantoperating.??Itshouldbecomeageneralpracticetoinclude workersinsomemanagerialdecisionmaking.Thereoughttoberepresentativesof theworkersonthefirm’sboardofdirectorsorothermajorpolicymakinggroups. Ifrank-and-fileworkersaregivenavoiceintheplanningandmanagementofthe workflowtheywillhelptomakeimprovementstheirmoralewillriseand theirproductivitywillincrease.Asafurtherincentivetheymustbegivena shareinthecompany’sprofits.Thiscanbedonethroughemployeestockownership plansbonusesorrewardsforefficiencyandproductivity.Finallywhena plantcannolongeroperateataprofittheworkersshouldbegiventhe opportunitytopurchasetheplantandrunit themselves.Oneoftheadvantagesofinvolvingworkersinmakingadecisionisthattheinterpersonalrelationshipbetweenworkersandmanagerscanbeimproved.
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{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有5处空白短文后有6个文字其中5个取自短文请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?????????? ??????????? ?????{{B}}AntsasaBarometerofEcological Change{{/B}}??Atpicnicsantsarepests.Buttheyhavetheiruses. Inindustriessuchasminingfarmingandforestrytheycanhelpgaugethe healthoftheenvironmentbyjustcrawlingaroundandbeingantsy.? ?Ithasbeenrecognizedfordecadesthatants--whicharehighlysensitive toecologicalchange--canprovideanear-perfectbarometerofthestateofan ecosystem.Onlycertainspeciesforinstancewillcontinuetothriveata forestsitethathasbeenclearedoftrees.??{{U}}?46 ?{{/U}}Andstillotherswillmoveinandtakeupresidence.? ?Bylookingatwhichspeciespopulateadeforestedareascientistscan determinehowstressedthelandis.{{U}}?47?{{/U}}Antsareused simplybecausetheyaresocommonandcomprisesomanyspecies.? ?Whereminesitesarebeingrestoredforexamplesomeantspecieswill recolonizethestrippedlandmorequicklythanothers.{{U}}?48 ?{{/U}}AustralianminingcompanyCapricornCoalManagementhasbeen successfullyusingantsurveysforyearstodeterminetherateofrecoveryof landthatitisreplantingnearitsGermanCreekmineinQueensland? ?Antsurveysalsohavebeenusedwithmine-siterecoveryprojectsinAfrica andBrazilwherewarmclimatesencouragedenseanddiverseantpopulations.We founditworkedextremelywelltheresaysJonathanMajeraprofessorof environmentalbiology.Yetthesurveysareperfectlysuitedtoclimates throughoutAsiahesaysbecauseantsaresocommonthroughouttheregion.As Majerputsit:That’sthegreatthingaboutants.??Antsurveys aresohighly-regardedasecologicalindicatorsthatgovernmentsworldwide accepttheirresultswhenassessingtheenvironmentalimpactofminingandtree harvesting.??{{U}}?49?{{/U}}??Whynot? Becausemanycompaniescan’taffordtheexpenseorthelaboratorytimeneededto siftresultsforacomprehensivesurvey.Thecoststemsalsofromthescarcity ofantspecialists.??{{U}}?50?{{/U}}A?This allowedscientiststogaugethepaceandprogressoftheecological recovery.B?Yetinotherbusinessessuchasfanningandproperty developmentantsurveysaren’tusedwidely.C?Employingthosepeople areexpensive.D?Theydothisbysortingtheantscountingtheir numbersandcomparingtheresultswiththoseofearliersurveys.E?The evolutionofantspeciesmayhaveastrongimpactonourecosystem.F ?Otherswilldieoutforlackoffood.
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ???{{B}}Snowflakes{{/B}}??You’veprobablyheardthat notwosnowflakesarealike.Ofcoursenobodyhaseverconfirmedthatstatement byexaminingeveryoneoftheestimatedoneseptillionsnowflakesthatdriftto Eartheachyear.StillKennethLibbrechtaprofessorattheCalifornia InstituteofTechnologyisconfidentthatthestatementistrue.? ?Snowflakesaren’tflakysaysLibbrecht.Attheirbasiclevelthey’re crystalline.Thelatticeofeverysnowflakeissix-sidedinshape.Thesimplest snowcrystalsaresix-sidedflatplatesandsix-sidedcolumns.Suchcrystalsare commoninplaceswheretheairisextremelycoldanddry.Snowcrystalsacquire theirspecialbeautywhentheirsimplesix-sidedsymmetryblossoms.Underthe rightconditionseachofthesixcomersofacrystalsproutswhatiscalledan arm.Inamatterofminutesthearmscanbecomehighlyornateandgivethe crystalastarlikeappearance.??Severalfactorsinthe environmentaffecttheshapeandgrowthrateofasnowcrystal.Onefactoris humidity.Crystalsgrowfasterandinmoreintricateshapeashumidity increases.Asecondfactorisairtemperature.Asnowflakeisbornwhenseveral moleculesofwatervaporinacloudlandonaspeckofdustandfreezetoforma simplecrystal.Astheyoungcrystalbopsaroundintheclouditpassesthrough airpocketsofvaryingtemperatures.Ifthecrystalpassesthroughapocketof airthatissay-15degreesCelsiusitwillgrowquicklyandsproutsixarms saysLibbrecht.Ifthecrystalisthentossedintoawarmerpocketoneabout -10℃thearms’tipswillstopgrowingquicklyandformsix-sidedplates.Ifthe crystalthendriftsintoanevenwarmerpocketofabout-5℃itstopandbottom willgrowmorequicklythanitssidesandbecomemorecolumnlikein shape.??Inthecourseofitslifespanasnow-crystalmight flutterthroughmanywarmerandcolderpocketsacquiringacomplicatedand uniquegrowthhistory.Suchahistorywillgiverisetoasnowflakethatis unlikeanyother.Eacharmonthesnowflakewilllookexactlylikeeveryother onebutthecrystalitselfwillbeoneofakind.??Usinghis coolingtanksLibbrechthaslearnedhowtocreatesnowcrystalsofdifferent shapes--platescolumnsneedlesetc.Libbrechthasevenrefinedhistechniques sothathecanmakecrystalsthatlookhighlysimilartooneanother.Stillhe lacksthecontroltomanufactureidenticaltwinsnowflakes.Aslightdifference inhumidityandtemperaturecanupsetthegrowthprofile6ofa crystal.Libbrechtisnotableto
{{*HTML*}}??下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题根据短文内容为每题确定1个最佳选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????{{B}}TheNationalParkService{{/B}}? ?America’snationalparksarelikeoldfriends.Youmaynotseethemfor yearsatatimebutjustknowingthey’reouttheremakesyoufeelbetter. Hearingthenamesofthesefamousoldfriends--YosemiteYellowstoneGrand Canyon--revivesmemoriesofvisitspastandpromotesdreamsofthosestillto come.??FromAcadiatoZion369nationalparksarepartofa continuallyevolvingsystem.AncientfossilbedsRevolutionaryWar battlefieldsmagnificentmountainrangesandmonumentstoheroicmenandwomen whomoldedthiscountryareallapartofourNationalParkSystemNPS.The cafeandpreservationforfuturegenerationsofthesespecialplacesis entrustedtotheNationalParkService.UniformedRangersthemostvisible representativesoftheServicenotonlyofferparkvisitorsafriendlywavea helpfulanswerorathought-provokinghistorylessonbutalsoareskilled rescuersfirefightersanddedicatedresourceprotectionprofessionals.The NationalParkServiceranksalsoincludearchitectshistoriansarchaeologists biologistsandahostofotherexpertswhopreserveandprotecteverythingfrom GeorgeWashington’steethtoThomasEdison’swaxrecordings.? ?ModernsocietyhasbroughttheNationalParkServicebothmassive challengesandenormousopportunities.Satelliteandcomputertechnologiesare expandingtheeducationalpossibilitiesofanationalparkbeyonditsphysical boundaries.Citiesstrugglingtorevivetheirurbancoresareturningtothe ParkServiceforexpertassistancetopreservetheirculturalheritagecreate pocketparksandgreenspacesandre-energizelocaleconomies:Growing communitiesthirstyforrecreationaloutletsarealsoworkingwiththeNPSto turnabandonedrailroadtracksintobikeandhikingtrailsaswellasgiving unusedfederalpropertynewlifeasrecreationcenters.??Tohelp meetthesechallengesandtakeadvantageoftheseopportunitiestheNational ParkServicehasformedpartnerships--somedatingback100yearssomeonly monthsold--withotheragenciesstateandlocalgovernmentscorporations AmericanIndiantribesandAlaskaNativesParkFriendsgroupscooperating associationsprivateorganizationscommunitygroupsandindividualswhoshare theNationalParkethic.??NationalParkWeek1996isa celebrationofthesepartnerships.WhyareAmerica’snationalparkslikeoldfriends?
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文后2项测试任务 1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段第段选择1个最佳的小标题2第27～30题要求所给的6个选项中选择6个选项为每个句子确定1个最佳选项 ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??{{B}}MuseumsintheModernWorld{{/B}}1?Museumshavechanged. Theyarenolongerplacesfortheprivilegedfeworforboredvacationersto visitonrainydays.Actionanddemocracyarewordsusedindescriptionsof museumsnow.2?AtasciencemuseuminOntarioCanadayoucanfeel yourhairstandonendasharmlesselectricitypassesthroughyourbody.Atthe MetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCityyoucanlookat17thcentury instrumentswhilelisteningtotheirmusic.AttheModemMuseuminSwedenyou canputoncostumesprovidedbytheStockholmOpera.Astheseexamplesshow museumsarereachingouttonewaudiencesparticularlytheyoungthepoor andthelesseducatedmembersofthepopulation.Asaresultattendanceis increasing.3?Moreandmoremuseumsdirectorsarerealizingthat peoplelearnbestwhentheycansomehowbecomepartofwhattheyareseeing.In manysciencemuseumsforexampletherearenoguidedtours.Thevisitoris encouragedtotouchlistenoperateandexperimentsoastodiscover scientificprinciplesforhimself.Hecanhavetheexperienceofoperatinga spaceshiporacomputer.Hecanexperimentwithglassblowingandpapermaking. Thepurposeisnotonlytoprovidefunbutalsotohelppeoplefeelathomein theworldofscience.Thetheoryisthatpeoplewhodonotunderstandscience willprobablyfearitandthosewhofearsciencewillnotuseittobest advantage.Manymuseumsnowprovideeducationalservicesandchildren’s departments.Inadditiontotheusualdisplaystheyalsoofferfilmshowings anddanceprograms.Insteadofbeingplacesthatoneshouldvisittheyare placestoenjoy.4?Onecauseofallthesechangesistheincreasein wealthandleisuretime.Anothercauseistherisingpercentageofyoungpeople inthepopulation.Manyoftheseyoungpeoplearecollegestudentsorcollege graduates.Theyarebettereducatedthantheirparents.Theyseethingsinanew anddifferentway.Theyarenotcontenttostandandlookatworksofart;they wantarttheycanparticipatein.Thesameistrueofscienceandhistory.In theUScertaingroupswhoformerlyweretoopoortocareaboutanythingbeyond thebasicneedsofdailylifearenowbecomingcuriousabouttheworldaround them.Theyoungpeopleinthesegroupslikeyoungpeopleingeneralhave benefitedfromabettereducationthantheirparentsreceived.Allthesegroups andtherestofthepopulationaswellhavebeeninfluencedbytelevision whichhastaughtthemaboutotherplacesandothertimes.5?Theeffect ofallthishasbeentochangeexistingmuseumsandtoencouragethebuildingof newones.IntheUSandCanadaalonetherearenowmorethan6000museums almosttwiceasmanyastherewere25yearsago.Abouthalfofthemaredevoted tohistoryandtherestareevenlydividedbetweentheartsandsciences.The numberofvisitorsaccordingtotheAmericanAssociationofmuseumshasrisen tomorethan700millionayear.6?Infactthecrowdsofvisitorsat somemuseumsarecreatingamajorproblem.Admissiontomuseumshasalwaysbeen eitherfreeorveryinexpensivebutnowsomemuseumsarechargingentrancefees forthefirsttimeorraisingtheirprices.Evenwhenraisedhoweverentrance feesaregenerallytoolowtosupportamuseumwithitsusuallylargebuilding anditshighlytrainedstaff.A?havehigherdemandsofmuseums B?areopentomorepeoplewithdifferentsocialbackground C?tolengthentheiropeninghours D?chargetoolittleforadmission E?havebeenbuiltandopentopublic F?byloweringtheadmissionfees 27.Nowmuseumsarenolongerrestrictedtotheprivilegedfewbut______.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ????{{B}}FindYourselfPackingItOn?Blame Friends{{/B}}??Obesitycanspreadfrompersontopersonmuchlike avirusresearchersarereportingtoday.Whenonepersongainsweightclose friendstendtogainweighttoo.??TheirstudypublishedinThe NewEnglandJournalofMedicineinvolvedadetailedanalysisofalargesocial networkof12067peoplewhohadbeencloselyfollowedfor32yearsfrom1971 to2003.??Theinvestigatorsknewwhowasfriendswithwhomas wellaswhowasaspouseorsiblingorneighborandtheyknewhowmucheach personweighedatvarioustimesoverthreedecades.Thatletthemreconstruct whathappenedovertheyearsasindividualsbecameobese.Didtheirfriendsalso becomeobese?Didfamilymembers?Orneighbors???Theanswerthe researchersreportwasthatpeopleweremostlikelytobecomeobesewhena friendbecameobese.Thatincreasedaperson’schancesofbecomingobeseby57 percent.Therewasnoeffectwhenaneighborgainedorlostweighthoweverand familymembershadlessinfluencethanfriends.??Itdidnoteven matterifthefriendwashundredsofmilesawaytheinfluenceremained.Andthe greatestinfluenceofallwasbetweenclosemutualfriends.Thereifonebecame obesetheotherhada171percentincreasedchanceofbecomingobese too.??Thesameeffectseemedtooccurforweightlossthe investigatorssay.Butsincemostpeopleweregainingnotlosingoverthe32 yearstheresultwasonaveragethatpeoplegrewfatter.??Dr. NicholasA.Christakisaphysicianandprofessorofmedicalsociologyat HarvardMedicalSchoolandaprincipalinvestigatorinthenewstudysaidone explanationwasthatfriendsaffectedeachothers’perceptionoffatness.Whena closefriendbecomesobeseobesitymaynotlooksobad.??You changeyourideaofwhatisanacceptablebodytypebylookingatthepeople aroundyouDr.Christakissaid.??Theinvestigatorssaytheir findingscanhelpexplainwhyAmericanshavebecomefatterinrecentyears--each personwhobecameobesewaslikelytodragalongsomefriends.? ?TheiranalysiswasuniqueDr.Christakissaidbecauseitmovedbeyonda simpleanalysisofonepersonandhisorhersocialcontactsandinstead examinedanentiresocialnetworkatoncelookingathowaperson’sfriend’s friendsoraspouse’ssibling’sfriendscouldhaveaninfluenceonaperson’s weight.??Theeffectshesaidhighlighttheimportanceofa spreadingprocessakindofsocialcontagionthatspreadsthroughthe network.??Ofcoursetheinvestigatorssaysocialnetworksare nottheonlyfactorsthataffectbodyweight.Thereisastronggenetic componentatworktoo.??Sciencehasshownthatindividualshave geneticallydeterminedrangesofweightsspanningperhaps30orsopoundsfor eachperson.Butthatleavesalargerolefortheenvironmentindetermining whetheraperson’sweightisnearthetopofhisorherrangeornearthe bottom.Aspeoplehavegottenfatteritappearsthatmanyareedgingtowardthe topoftheirranges.Thequestionhasbeenwhy.??Ifthenew researchiscorrectitmaysaythatsomethingintheenvironmentseededwhat somecallanobesityepidemicmakingafewpeoplegainweight.Thensocial networkslettheobesityspreadrapidly.Whichfactorofbecomingobeseisnotmentionedinthisreport?
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ????{{B}}FindYourselfPackingItOn?Blame Friends{{/B}}??Obesitycanspreadfrompersontopersonmuchlike avirusresearchersarereportingtoday.Whenonepersongainsweightclose friendstendtogainweighttoo.??TheirstudypublishedinThe NewEnglandJournalofMedicineinvolvedadetailedanalysisofalargesocial networkof12067peoplewhohadbeencloselyfollowedfor32yearsfrom1971 to2003.??Theinvestigatorsknewwhowasfriendswithwhomas wellaswhowasaspouseorsiblingorneighborandtheyknewhowmucheach personweighedatvarioustimesoverthreedecades.Thatletthemreconstruct whathappenedovertheyearsasindividualsbecameobese.Didtheirfriendsalso becomeobese?Didfamilymembers?Orneighbors???Theanswerthe researchersreportwasthatpeopleweremostlikelytobecomeobesewhena friendbecameobese.Thatincreasedaperson’schancesofbecomingobeseby57 percent.Therewasnoeffectwhenaneighborgainedorlostweighthoweverand familymembershadlessinfluencethanfriends.??Itdidnoteven matterifthefriendwashundredsofmilesawaytheinfluenceremained.Andthe greatestinfluenceofallwasbetweenclosemutualfriends.Thereifonebecame obesetheotherhada171percentincreasedchanceofbecomingobese too.??Thesameeffectseemedtooccurforweightlossthe investigatorssay.Butsincemostpeopleweregainingnotlosingoverthe32 yearstheresultwasonaveragethatpeoplegrewfatter.??Dr. NicholasA.Christakisaphysicianandprofessorofmedicalsociologyat HarvardMedicalSchoolandaprincipalinvestigatorinthenewstudysaidone explanationwasthatfriendsaffectedeachothers’perceptionoffatness.Whena closefriendbecomesobeseobesitymaynotlooksobad.??You changeyourideaofwhatisanacceptablebodytypebylookingatthepeople aroundyouDr.Christakissaid.??Theinvestigatorssaytheir findingscanhelpexplainwhyAmericanshavebecomefatterinrecentyears--each personwhobecameobesewaslikelytodragalongsomefriends.? ?TheiranalysiswasuniqueDr.Christakissaidbecauseitmovedbeyonda simpleanalysisofonepersonandhisorhersocialcontactsandinstead examinedanentiresocialnetworkatoncelookingathowaperson’sfriend’s friendsoraspouse’ssibling’sfriendscouldhaveaninfluenceonaperson’s weight.??Theeffectshesaidhighlighttheimportanceofa spreadingprocessakindofsocialcontagionthatspreadsthroughthe network.??Ofcoursetheinvestigatorssaysocialnetworksare nottheonlyfactorsthataffectbodyweight.Thereisastronggenetic componentatworktoo.??Sciencehasshownthatindividualshave geneticallydeterminedrangesofweightsspanningperhaps30orsopoundsfor eachperson.Butthatleavesalargerolefortheenvironmentindetermining whetheraperson’sweightisnearthetopofhisorherrangeornearthe bottom.Aspeoplehavegottenfatteritappearsthatmanyareedgingtowardthe topoftheirranges.Thequestionhasbeenwhy.??Ifthenew researchiscorrectitmaysaythatsomethingintheenvironmentseededwhat somecallanobesityepidemicmakingafewpeoplegainweight.Thensocial networkslettheobesityspreadrapidly.Whichofthefollowingstatementaboutafriend’sinfluenceisfalseaccordingtothereport?
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文后2项测试任务 1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段第段选择1个最佳的小标题2第27～30题要求所给的6个选项中选择6个选项为每个句子确定1个最佳选项 ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??{{B}}MuseumsintheModernWorld{{/B}}1?Museumshavechanged. Theyarenolongerplacesfortheprivilegedfeworforboredvacationersto visitonrainydays.Actionanddemocracyarewordsusedindescriptionsof museumsnow.2?AtasciencemuseuminOntarioCanadayoucanfeel yourhairstandonendasharmlesselectricitypassesthroughyourbody.Atthe MetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCityyoucanlookat17thcentury instrumentswhilelisteningtotheirmusic.AttheModemMuseuminSwedenyou canputoncostumesprovidedbytheStockholmOpera.Astheseexamplesshow museumsarereachingouttonewaudiencesparticularlytheyoungthepoor andthelesseducatedmembersofthepopulation.Asaresultattendanceis increasing.3?Moreandmoremuseumsdirectorsarerealizingthat peoplelearnbestwhentheycansomehowbecomepartofwhattheyareseeing.In manysciencemuseumsforexampletherearenoguidedtours.Thevisitoris encouragedtotouchlistenoperateandexperimentsoastodiscover scientificprinciplesforhimself.Hecanhavetheexperienceofoperatinga spaceshiporacomputer.Hecanexperimentwithglassblowingandpapermaking. Thepurposeisnotonlytoprovidefunbutalsotohelppeoplefeelathomein theworldofscience.Thetheoryisthatpeoplewhodonotunderstandscience willprobablyfearitandthosewhofearsciencewillnotuseittobest advantage.Manymuseumsnowprovideeducationalservicesandchildren’s departments.Inadditiontotheusualdisplaystheyalsoofferfilmshowings anddanceprograms.Insteadofbeingplacesthatoneshouldvisittheyare placestoenjoy.4?Onecauseofallthesechangesistheincreasein wealthandleisuretime.Anothercauseistherisingpercentageofyoungpeople inthepopulation.Manyoftheseyoungpeoplearecollegestudentsorcollege graduates.Theyarebettereducatedthantheirparents.Theyseethingsinanew anddifferentway.Theyarenotcontenttostandandlookatworksofart;they wantarttheycanparticipatein.Thesameistrueofscienceandhistory.In theUScertaingroupswhoformerlyweretoopoortocareaboutanythingbeyond thebasicneedsofdailylifearenowbecomingcuriousabouttheworldaround them.Theyoungpeopleinthesegroupslikeyoungpeopleingeneralhave benefitedfromabettereducationthantheirparentsreceived.Allthesegroups andtherestofthepopulationaswellhavebeeninfluencedbytelevision whichhastaughtthemaboutotherplacesandothertimes.5?Theeffect ofallthishasbeentochangeexistingmuseumsandtoencouragethebuildingof newones.IntheUSandCanadaalonetherearenowmorethan6000museums almosttwiceasmanyastherewere25yearsago.Abouthalfofthemaredevoted tohistoryandtherestareevenlydividedbetweentheartsandsciences.The numberofvisitorsaccordingtotheAmericanAssociationofmuseumshasrisen tomorethan700millionayear.6?Infactthecrowdsofvisitorsat somemuseumsarecreatingamajorproblem.Admissiontomuseumshasalwaysbeen eitherfreeorveryinexpensivebutnowsomemuseumsarechargingentrancefees forthefirsttimeorraisingtheirprices.Evenwhenraisedhoweverentrance feesaregenerallytoolowtosupportamuseumwithitsusuallylargebuilding anditshighlytrainedstaff.Tomeettheneedsofsocietymoremuseums______.
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文后2项测试任务 1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段第段选择1个最佳的小标题2第27～30题要求所给的6个选项中选择6个选项为每个句子确定1个最佳选项 ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??{{B}}MuseumsintheModernWorld{{/B}}1?Museumshavechanged. Theyarenolongerplacesfortheprivilegedfeworforboredvacationersto visitonrainydays.Actionanddemocracyarewordsusedindescriptionsof museumsnow.2?AtasciencemuseuminOntarioCanadayoucanfeel yourhairstandonendasharmlesselectricitypassesthroughyourbody.Atthe MetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCityyoucanlookat17thcentury instrumentswhilelisteningtotheirmusic.AttheModemMuseuminSwedenyou canputoncostumesprovidedbytheStockholmOpera.Astheseexamplesshow museumsarereachingouttonewaudiencesparticularlytheyoungthepoor andthelesseducatedmembersofthepopulation.Asaresultattendanceis increasing.3?Moreandmoremuseumsdirectorsarerealizingthat peoplelearnbestwhentheycansomehowbecomepartofwhattheyareseeing.In manysciencemuseumsforexampletherearenoguidedtours.Thevisitoris encouragedtotouchlistenoperateandexperimentsoastodiscover scientificprinciplesforhimself.Hecanhavetheexperienceofoperatinga spaceshiporacomputer.Hecanexperimentwithglassblowingandpapermaking. Thepurposeisnotonlytoprovidefunbutalsotohelppeoplefeelathomein theworldofscience.Thetheoryisthatpeoplewhodonotunderstandscience willprobablyfearitandthosewhofearsciencewillnotuseittobest advantage.Manymuseumsnowprovideeducationalservicesandchildren’s departments.Inadditiontotheusualdisplaystheyalsoofferfilmshowings anddanceprograms.Insteadofbeingplacesthatoneshouldvisittheyare placestoenjoy.4?Onecauseofallthesechangesistheincreasein wealthandleisuretime.Anothercauseistherisingpercentageofyoungpeople inthepopulation.Manyoftheseyoungpeoplearecollegestudentsorcollege graduates.Theyarebettereducatedthantheirparents.Theyseethingsinanew anddifferentway.Theyarenotcontenttostandandlookatworksofart;they wantarttheycanparticipatein.Thesameistrueofscienceandhistory.In theUScertaingroupswhoformerlyweretoopoortocareaboutanythingbeyond thebasicneedsofdailylifearenowbecomingcuriousabouttheworldaround them.Theyoungpeopleinthesegroupslikeyoungpeopleingeneralhave benefitedfromabettereducationthantheirparentsreceived.Allthesegroups andtherestofthepopulationaswellhavebeeninfluencedbytelevision whichhastaughtthemaboutotherplacesandothertimes.5?Theeffect ofallthishasbeentochangeexistingmuseumsandtoencouragethebuildingof newones.IntheUSandCanadaalonetherearenowmorethan6000museums almosttwiceasmanyastherewere25yearsago.Abouthalfofthemaredevoted tohistoryandtherestareevenlydividedbetweentheartsandsciences.The numberofvisitorsaccordingtotheAmericanAssociationofmuseumshasrisen tomorethan700millionayear.6?Infactthecrowdsofvisitorsat somemuseumsarecreatingamajorproblem.Admissiontomuseumshasalwaysbeen eitherfreeorveryinexpensivebutnowsomemuseumsarechargingentrancefees forthefirsttimeorraisingtheirprices.Evenwhenraisedhoweverentrance feesaregenerallytoolowtosupportamuseumwithitsusuallylargebuilding anditshighlytrainedstaff.A?CausesofChanges B?IncreasingNumberofMuseumsandVisitors C?MuseumsGettingClosertoMoreSpectators D?MoviesShowninMuseums E?NewNotionsabouttheManagementofMuseums F?PlacestoVisit 23.Paragraph2______
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ???{{B}}Snowflakes{{/B}}??You’veprobablyheardthat notwosnowflakesarealike.Ofcoursenobodyhaseverconfirmedthatstatement byexaminingeveryoneoftheestimatedoneseptillionsnowflakesthatdriftto Eartheachyear.StillKennethLibbrechtaprofessorattheCalifornia InstituteofTechnologyisconfidentthatthestatementistrue.? ?Snowflakesaren’tflakysaysLibbrecht.Attheirbasiclevelthey’re crystalline.Thelatticeofeverysnowflakeissix-sidedinshape.Thesimplest snowcrystalsaresix-sidedflatplatesandsix-sidedcolumns.Suchcrystalsare commoninplaceswheretheairisextremelycoldanddry.Snowcrystalsacquire theirspecialbeautywhentheirsimplesix-sidedsymmetryblossoms.Underthe rightconditionseachofthesixcomersofacrystalsproutswhatiscalledan arm.Inamatterofminutesthearmscanbecomehighlyornateandgivethe crystalastarlikeappearance.??Severalfactorsinthe environmentaffecttheshapeandgrowthrateofasnowcrystal.Onefactoris humidity.Crystalsgrowfasterandinmoreintricateshapeashumidity increases.Asecondfactorisairtemperature.Asnowflakeisbornwhenseveral moleculesofwatervaporinacloudlandonaspeckofdustandfreezetoforma simplecrystal.Astheyoungcrystalbopsaroundintheclouditpassesthrough airpocketsofvaryingtemperatures.Ifthecrystalpassesthroughapocketof airthatissay-15degreesCelsiusitwillgrowquicklyandsproutsixarms saysLibbrecht.Ifthecrystalisthentossedintoawarmerpocketoneabout -10℃thearms’tipswillstopgrowingquicklyandformsix-sidedplates.Ifthe crystalthendriftsintoanevenwarmerpocketofabout-5℃itstopandbottom willgrowmorequicklythanitssidesandbecomemorecolumnlikein shape.??Inthecourseofitslifespanasnow-crystalmight flutterthroughmanywarmerandcolderpocketsacquiringacomplicatedand uniquegrowthhistory.Suchahistorywillgiverisetoasnowflakethatis unlikeanyother.Eacharmonthesnowflakewilllookexactlylikeeveryother onebutthecrystalitselfwillbeoneofakind.??Usinghis coolingtanksLibbrechthaslearnedhowtocreatesnowcrystalsofdifferent shapes--platescolumnsneedlesetc.Libbrechthasevenrefinedhistechniques sothathecanmakecrystalsthatlookhighlysimilartooneanother.Stillhe lacksthecontroltomanufactureidenticaltwinsnowflakes.Aslightdifference inhumidityandtemperaturecanupsetthegrowthprofile6ofa crystal.WhatdoesProfessorLibbrechtbelievetobetrue?
Thestaffofthecompanyarealways{{U}}courteous{{/U}}andhelpful.
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
{{*HTML*}}??下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题根据短文内容为每题确定1个最佳选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????{{B}}TheNationalParkService{{/B}}? ?America’snationalparksarelikeoldfriends.Youmaynotseethemfor yearsatatimebutjustknowingthey’reouttheremakesyoufeelbetter. Hearingthenamesofthesefamousoldfriends--YosemiteYellowstoneGrand Canyon--revivesmemoriesofvisitspastandpromotesdreamsofthosestillto come.??FromAcadiatoZion369nationalparksarepartofa continuallyevolvingsystem.AncientfossilbedsRevolutionaryWar battlefieldsmagnificentmountainrangesandmonumentstoheroicmenandwomen whomoldedthiscountryareallapartofourNationalParkSystemNPS.The cafeandpreservationforfuturegenerationsofthesespecialplacesis entrustedtotheNationalParkService.UniformedRangersthemostvisible representativesoftheServicenotonlyofferparkvisitorsafriendlywavea helpfulanswerorathought-provokinghistorylessonbutalsoareskilled rescuersfirefightersanddedicatedresourceprotectionprofessionals.The NationalParkServiceranksalsoincludearchitectshistoriansarchaeologists biologistsandahostofotherexpertswhopreserveandprotecteverythingfrom GeorgeWashington’steethtoThomasEdison’swaxrecordings.? ?ModernsocietyhasbroughttheNationalParkServicebothmassive challengesandenormousopportunities.Satelliteandcomputertechnologiesare expandingtheeducationalpossibilitiesofanationalparkbeyonditsphysical boundaries.Citiesstrugglingtorevivetheirurbancoresareturningtothe ParkServiceforexpertassistancetopreservetheirculturalheritagecreate pocketparksandgreenspacesandre-energizelocaleconomies:Growing communitiesthirstyforrecreationaloutletsarealsoworkingwiththeNPSto turnabandonedrailroadtracksintobikeandhikingtrailsaswellasgiving unusedfederalpropertynewlifeasrecreationcenters.??Tohelp meetthesechallengesandtakeadvantageoftheseopportunitiestheNational ParkServicehasformedpartnerships--somedatingback100yearssomeonly monthsold--withotheragenciesstateandlocalgovernmentscorporations AmericanIndiantribesandAlaskaNativesParkFriendsgroupscooperating associationsprivateorganizationscommunitygroupsandindividualswhoshare theNationalParkethic.??NationalParkWeek1996isa celebrationofthesepartnerships.TheNationalParkServicedoesallofthefollowingEXCEPT
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{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文后2项测试任务 1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段第段选择1个最佳的小标题2第27～30题要求所给的6个选项中选择6个选项为每个句子确定1个最佳选项 ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??{{B}}MuseumsintheModernWorld{{/B}}1?Museumshavechanged. Theyarenolongerplacesfortheprivilegedfeworforboredvacationersto visitonrainydays.Actionanddemocracyarewordsusedindescriptionsof museumsnow.2?AtasciencemuseuminOntarioCanadayoucanfeel yourhairstandonendasharmlesselectricitypassesthroughyourbody.Atthe MetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCityyoucanlookat17thcentury instrumentswhilelisteningtotheirmusic.AttheModemMuseuminSwedenyou canputoncostumesprovidedbytheStockholmOpera.Astheseexamplesshow museumsarereachingouttonewaudiencesparticularlytheyoungthepoor andthelesseducatedmembersofthepopulation.Asaresultattendanceis increasing.3?Moreandmoremuseumsdirectorsarerealizingthat peoplelearnbestwhentheycansomehowbecomepartofwhattheyareseeing.In manysciencemuseumsforexampletherearenoguidedtours.Thevisitoris encouragedtotouchlistenoperateandexperimentsoastodiscover scientificprinciplesforhimself.Hecanhavetheexperienceofoperatinga spaceshiporacomputer.Hecanexperimentwithglassblowingandpapermaking. Thepurposeisnotonlytoprovidefunbutalsotohelppeoplefeelathomein theworldofscience.Thetheoryisthatpeoplewhodonotunderstandscience willprobablyfearitandthosewhofearsciencewillnotuseittobest advantage.Manymuseumsnowprovideeducationalservicesandchildren’s departments.Inadditiontotheusualdisplaystheyalsoofferfilmshowings anddanceprograms.Insteadofbeingplacesthatoneshouldvisittheyare placestoenjoy.4?Onecauseofallthesechangesistheincreasein wealthandleisuretime.Anothercauseistherisingpercentageofyoungpeople inthepopulation.Manyoftheseyoungpeoplearecollegestudentsorcollege graduates.Theyarebettereducatedthantheirparents.Theyseethingsinanew anddifferentway.Theyarenotcontenttostandandlookatworksofart;they wantarttheycanparticipatein.Thesameistrueofscienceandhistory.In theUScertaingroupswhoformerlyweretoopoortocareaboutanythingbeyond thebasicneedsofdailylifearenowbecomingcuriousabouttheworldaround them.Theyoungpeopleinthesegroupslikeyoungpeopleingeneralhave benefitedfromabettereducationthantheirparentsreceived.Allthesegroups andtherestofthepopulationaswellhavebeeninfluencedbytelevision whichhastaughtthemaboutotherplacesandothertimes.5?Theeffect ofallthishasbeentochangeexistingmuseumsandtoencouragethebuildingof newones.IntheUSandCanadaalonetherearenowmorethan6000museums almosttwiceasmanyastherewere25yearsago.Abouthalfofthemaredevoted tohistoryandtherestareevenlydividedbetweentheartsandsciences.The numberofvisitorsaccordingtotheAmericanAssociationofmuseumshasrisen tomorethan700millionayear.6?Infactthecrowdsofvisitorsat somemuseumsarecreatingamajorproblem.Admissiontomuseumshasalwaysbeen eitherfreeorveryinexpensivebutnowsomemuseumsarechargingentrancefees forthefirsttimeorraisingtheirprices.Evenwhenraisedhoweverentrance feesaregenerallytoolowtosupportamuseumwithitsusuallylargebuilding anditshighlytrainedstaff.Paragraph4______
Thenewjobwillprovideyouwith{{U}}invaluable{{/U}}experience.
Itwashardtosaywhythemandeservedsuch{{U}}shabby{{/U}}treatment.
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
{{*HTML*}}??下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题根据短文内容为每题确定1个最佳选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????{{B}}TheNationalParkService{{/B}}? ?America’snationalparksarelikeoldfriends.Youmaynotseethemfor yearsatatimebutjustknowingthey’reouttheremakesyoufeelbetter. Hearingthenamesofthesefamousoldfriends--YosemiteYellowstoneGrand Canyon--revivesmemoriesofvisitspastandpromotesdreamsofthosestillto come.??FromAcadiatoZion369nationalparksarepartofa continuallyevolvingsystem.AncientfossilbedsRevolutionaryWar battlefieldsmagnificentmountainrangesandmonumentstoheroicmenandwomen whomoldedthiscountryareallapartofourNationalParkSystemNPS.The cafeandpreservationforfuturegenerationsofthesespecialplacesis entrustedtotheNationalParkService.UniformedRangersthemostvisible representativesoftheServicenotonlyofferparkvisitorsafriendlywavea helpfulanswerorathought-provokinghistorylessonbutalsoareskilled rescuersfirefightersanddedicatedresourceprotectionprofessionals.The NationalParkServiceranksalsoincludearchitectshistoriansarchaeologists biologistsandahostofotherexpertswhopreserveandprotecteverythingfrom GeorgeWashington’steethtoThomasEdison’swaxrecordings.? ?ModernsocietyhasbroughttheNationalParkServicebothmassive challengesandenormousopportunities.Satelliteandcomputertechnologiesare expandingtheeducationalpossibilitiesofanationalparkbeyonditsphysical boundaries.Citiesstrugglingtorevivetheirurbancoresareturningtothe ParkServiceforexpertassistancetopreservetheirculturalheritagecreate pocketparksandgreenspacesandre-energizelocaleconomies:Growing communitiesthirstyforrecreationaloutletsarealsoworkingwiththeNPSto turnabandonedrailroadtracksintobikeandhikingtrailsaswellasgiving unusedfederalpropertynewlifeasrecreationcenters.??Tohelp meetthesechallengesandtakeadvantageoftheseopportunitiestheNational ParkServicehasformedpartnerships--somedatingback100yearssomeonly monthsold--withotheragenciesstateandlocalgovernmentscorporations AmericanIndiantribesandAlaskaNativesParkFriendsgroupscooperating associationsprivateorganizationscommunitygroupsandindividualswhoshare theNationalParkethic.??NationalParkWeek1996isa celebrationofthesepartnerships.Whatwilltheparagraphfollowingthispassagemostprobablydiscuss?
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ???{{B}}Snowflakes{{/B}}??You’veprobablyheardthat notwosnowflakesarealike.Ofcoursenobodyhaseverconfirmedthatstatement byexaminingeveryoneoftheestimatedoneseptillionsnowflakesthatdriftto Eartheachyear.StillKennethLibbrechtaprofessorattheCalifornia InstituteofTechnologyisconfidentthatthestatementistrue.? ?Snowflakesaren’tflakysaysLibbrecht.Attheirbasiclevelthey’re crystalline.Thelatticeofeverysnowflakeissix-sidedinshape.Thesimplest snowcrystalsaresix-sidedflatplatesandsix-sidedcolumns.Suchcrystalsare commoninplaceswheretheairisextremelycoldanddry.Snowcrystalsacquire theirspecialbeautywhentheirsimplesix-sidedsymmetryblossoms.Underthe rightconditionseachofthesixcomersofacrystalsproutswhatiscalledan arm.Inamatterofminutesthearmscanbecomehighlyornateandgivethe crystalastarlikeappearance.??Severalfactorsinthe environmentaffecttheshapeandgrowthrateofasnowcrystal.Onefactoris humidity.Crystalsgrowfasterandinmoreintricateshapeashumidity increases.Asecondfactorisairtemperature.Asnowflakeisbornwhenseveral moleculesofwatervaporinacloudlandonaspeckofdustandfreezetoforma simplecrystal.Astheyoungcrystalbopsaroundintheclouditpassesthrough airpocketsofvaryingtemperatures.Ifthecrystalpassesthroughapocketof airthatissay-15degreesCelsiusitwillgrowquicklyandsproutsixarms saysLibbrecht.Ifthecrystalisthentossedintoawarmerpocketoneabout -10℃thearms’tipswillstopgrowingquicklyandformsix-sidedplates.Ifthe crystalthendriftsintoanevenwarmerpocketofabout-5℃itstopandbottom willgrowmorequicklythanitssidesandbecomemorecolumnlikein shape.??Inthecourseofitslifespanasnow-crystalmight flutterthroughmanywarmerandcolderpocketsacquiringacomplicatedand uniquegrowthhistory.Suchahistorywillgiverisetoasnowflakethatis unlikeanyother.Eacharmonthesnowflakewilllookexactlylikeeveryother onebutthecrystalitselfwillbeoneofakind.??Usinghis coolingtanksLibbrechthaslearnedhowtocreatesnowcrystalsofdifferent shapes--platescolumnsneedlesetc.Libbrechthasevenrefinedhistechniques sothathecanmakecrystalsthatlookhighlysimilartooneanother.Stillhe lacksthecontroltomanufactureidenticaltwinsnowflakes.Aslightdifference inhumidityandtemperaturecanupsetthegrowthprofile6ofa crystal.Whatarethefactorsthataffecttheshapeandgrowthrateofasnowcrystal?
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A项如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B项如果该句信息文章中没有提及请选择C项 ??????? ??????????? ??????????{{B}}The Workers’RoleinManagement{{/B}}??Traditionallyithasbeenthe workers’roletoworkandmanagement’sroletomanage.Managershaveplannedand directedthefirm’soperationswithlittlethoughttoconsultingthelabor force.Managershaverarelyfeltcompelledtoobtaintheworkers’opinionsorto explaintheirdecisionstotheiremployees.Atmostcompanieshaveprovided suggestionboxesinwhichworkerscouldplaceideasforimprovingprocedures. Inrecentyearshowevermanymanagementspecialistshavebeenarguingthat workersaremorethansellersoflabor--theyhaveavitalstakeinthecompany andmaybeabletomakesignificantcontributionstoitsmanagement. Furthermoremajorcompanydecisionsprofoundlyaffectworkersandtheir dependents.Thisisparticularlytrueofplantclosingswhichmayputthousands ontheunemploymentlines.Shouldworkersthenplayastrongerrolein management???Workersshouldhavearoleinmanagement.Atthe veryleastthelaborforceshouldbeinformedofmajorpolicydecisions.A commoncomplaintamongrank-and-fileworkersisthelackofinformationabout companypoliciesandactions.Between1980and1985aboutfivemillionworkers werethevictimsofplantclosingsandpermanentlayoffsoftenwithnowarning. Atleast90days’noticeoughttobegiveninsuchinstancessothatworkers havetimetoadjust.Managementshouldconsultworkersbeforeclosingaplant becausetheworkersmightbeabletosuggestwaysofimprovingproductivityand reducingcostsandmightbewillingtomakeconcessionsthatwillhelpkeepthe plantoperating.??Itshouldbecomeageneralpracticetoinclude workersinsomemanagerialdecisionmaking.Thereoughttoberepresentativesof theworkersonthefirm’sboardofdirectorsorothermajorpolicymakinggroups. Ifrank-and-fileworkersaregivenavoiceintheplanningandmanagementofthe workflowtheywillhelptomakeimprovementstheirmoralewillriseand theirproductivitywillincrease.Asafurtherincentivetheymustbegivena shareinthecompany’sprofits.Thiscanbedonethroughemployeestockownership plansbonusesorrewardsforefficiencyandproductivity.Finallywhena plantcannolongeroperateataprofittheworkersshouldbegiventhe opportunitytopurchasetheplantandrunit themselves.Beforeclosingaplantshouldputupanoticeandkeepitfor90days.
Theconstructionoftherailwayissaidtohavebeen{{U}}terminated{{/U}}.
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