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FeelinganxiousYourmoodmayactuallychangehowyourdinnertastesmakingthebitterandsaltyflavorsrecedeaccordingtonewresearch.Thislinkbetweenthechemicalbalanceinyourbrainandyoursenseoftastecouldonedayhelpdoctorstotreatdepression.Therearecurrentlynoon-the-spottestsfordecidingwhichmedicationwillworkbestinindividualpatientswiththiscondition.Researchershopethatatestbasedonflavordetectioncouldhelpdoctorstogetmoreprescriptionsrightfirsttime. Ithaslongbeenknownthatpeoplewhoaredepressedhavelower-than-usuallevelsofthebrainchemicalsserotoninornoradrenalineorinsomecasesboth.Manyalsohaveabluntedsenseoftastewhichispresumablycausedbychangesinbrainchemistry.TounpicktherelationshipbetweenthetwoLucyDonaldsonandhercolleaguesattheUniversityofBristolUKgave20healthyvolunteerstwoantidepressantdrugsandcheckedtheirsensitivitytodifferenttastes.ThedrugthatraisedserotoninlevelsmadepeoplemoresensitivetosweetandbittertastestheteamreportsintheJournalofNeuroscience.Theotherwhichincreasednoradrenalineenhancedrecognitionofbitterandsourtastes. Inhealthypeoplevolunteerswhoseanxietylevelswerenaturallyhigherwerelesssensitivetobitterandsaltytastes."Whathasn’tbeendonebe{oreistolookpreciselyatwhichtastesareaffectedindepression"saysDonaldson.Nowtheresultsarein"wecandiscriminatebetweenthechemicalsandthetastesthatseemtobealtered"shesays.Testingsensitivitytosweetandsourtastescouldpotentiallyhelpdoctorstopickuponwhichchemicalsaredippingguidingthemwhenchoosingwhichdrugtorectifytheproblem. Currentlydoctorsrelyonphysicalandemotionalsymptomstomakeabestguessatanindividual’simbalanceprescribeadrugandwaitaboutamonthtocheckonanyimprovement.Gooddoctorshaveabouta60-80%successrateinselectingtherightdrugthefirsttimesayspsychiatristJanMelicharaco-authoronthepaper.Arethereanydecenttestsforprescribingdrugsfordepression"No.Wedoabestguesstimate"saysMelichar."I’mexcitedbythisfindingbecausein35or7yearswecouldhaveasimpletastetest." Nexttheteamplanstoperformsimilartestsindepressedpeopleandinhealthyvolunteersgivenanotherbrainchemicalcalledtryptophan.Thischemicalwouldlowerthehealthysubjects’levelsofserotoninasactuallyhappensindepressedpatients. Theworkhasalsogeneratedinterestfromflavorhouses--companiesthatdevelopchemicalsforthefoodanddrinkindustry--whoareinterestedinmakingfoodstastejustassweetwithhalftheamountofsugar."Theoreticallytherewouldbethepossibilityofenhancingyourmealwithdrugsthataffectbrainchemicalssothatthingswouldtastebetter--youcouidhavea’designertastetablet’"Donaldsonsays. Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext
FeelinganxiousYourmoodmayactuallychangehowyourdinnertastesmakingthebitterandsaltyflavorsrecedeaccordingtonewresearch.Thislinkbetweenthechemicalbalanceinyourbrainandyoursenseoftastecouldonedayhelpdoctorstotreatdepression.Therearecurrentlynoon-the-spottestsfordecidingwhichmedicationwillworkbestinindividualpatientswiththiscondition.Researchershopethatatestbasedonflavordetectioncouldhelpdoctorstogetmoreprescriptionsrightfirsttime. Ithaslongbeenknownthatpeoplewhoaredepressedhavelower-than-usuallevelsofthebrainchemicalsserotoninornoradrenalineorinsomecasesboth.Manyalsohaveabluntedsenseoftastewhichispresumablycausedbychangesinbrainchemistry.TounpicktherelationshipbetweenthetwoLucyDonaldsonandhercolleaguesattheUniversityofBristolUKgave20healthyvolunteerstwoantidepressantdrugsandcheckedtheirsensitivitytodifferenttastes.ThedrugthatraisedserotoninlevelsmadepeoplemoresensitivetosweetandbittertastestheteamreportsintheJournalofNeuroscience.Theotherwhichincreasednoradrenalineenhancedrecognitionofbitterandsourtastes. Inhealthypeoplevolunteerswhoseanxietylevelswerenaturallyhigherwerelesssensitivetobitterandsaltytastes."Whathasn’tbeendonebe{oreistolookpreciselyatwhichtastesareaffectedindepression"saysDonaldson.Nowtheresultsarein"wecandiscriminatebetweenthechemicalsandthetastesthatseemtobealtered"shesays.Testingsensitivitytosweetandsourtastescouldpotentiallyhelpdoctorstopickuponwhichchemicalsaredippingguidingthemwhenchoosingwhichdrugtorectifytheproblem. Currentlydoctorsrelyonphysicalandemotionalsymptomstomakeabestguessatanindividual’simbalanceprescribeadrugandwaitaboutamonthtocheckonanyimprovement.Gooddoctorshaveabouta60-80%successrateinselectingtherightdrugthefirsttimesayspsychiatristJanMelicharaco-authoronthepaper.Arethereanydecenttestsforprescribingdrugsfordepression"No.Wedoabestguesstimate"saysMelichar."I’mexcitedbythisfindingbecausein35or7yearswecouldhaveasimpletastetest." Nexttheteamplanstoperformsimilartestsindepressedpeopleandinhealthyvolunteersgivenanotherbrainchemicalcalledtryptophan.Thischemicalwouldlowerthehealthysubjects’levelsofserotoninasactuallyhappensindepressedpatients. Theworkhasalsogeneratedinterestfromflavorhouses--companiesthatdevelopchemicalsforthefoodanddrinkindustry--whoareinterestedinmakingfoodstastejustassweetwithhalftheamountofsugar."Theoreticallytherewouldbethepossibilityofenhancingyourmealwithdrugsthataffectbrainchemicalssothatthingswouldtastebetter--youcouidhavea’designertastetablet’"Donaldsonsays. Thestudyofthelinkbetweenmoodandtastecanhelp
在我国采取强制设立主义的法人是
法人终止的原因包括
GloballyrecoveryisgoingslightlybetterthanexpectedaccordingtotheIMFwhichreleaseditslatestWorldEconomicOutlooktoday.Aftershrinkingby0.6%lastyeartheglobaleconomyislikelytoexpandby4.2%in20100.3%fasterthantheIMFprojectedinJanuary.Buteconomicperformanceswillcontinuetovarywidelyaroundtheworld.MuchoftheupwardrevisiontoglobalgrowthcanbeattributedtoabetteroutlookfortheAmericaneconomy.TheIMFreviseditsforecastforAmericaneconomicexpansionin2010up0.4%to3.1%.Therewasnochangebycontrastfortheeuroareawhichalreadyfacedapoorergrowthoutlook.TheEuroareaeconomymayonlygrowby1%in2010and1.5%in2011.AndmuchofthejobofexpansionwillbehandledbyGermanyandFrancewhilesouthernEuropeangrowthcontinuestolag.Spain’seconomywillcontinuetoshrinkin2010. ButtheoutlookisbrighteningformanyemergingeconomiesincludingthoseincentralandeasternEuropeforwhichgrowthforecastswererevisedupby0.8%.DevelopingAsiaisenjoyingastrongrecoveryandtheIMFindicatedthatbothIndiaandBrazilarelikelytoperformmuchbetterthisyearthaninitiallyanticipatednotching赢得growthratesof8.8%and5.5%respectively. Thereportsuggestedthatplannedstimulusmeasuresfor2010shouldbefullyimplementedgiventhefragilityofrecoverybutitalsonotedthatsovereigndebtworrieswillbecomemoresevereastheyearprogresses.DebtissuesarelikelytoproveespeciallyproblematicinEuropewhichhasthehighestdebtratiosandtheslowestexpectedgrowthrates.ThestressedsouthernEuropeannationsareinadamned-if-they-do-damned-if-they-don’tposition.Iflittleactionistakenondebtrisingdebtcostswillchokeofanalreadyweakrecovery.Ifaggressiveactionistakentheblowtoaggregatedemandwilllikewiseunderminegrowth. Aroundtheworldtradeandproductionhaverecoveredstronglybutemploymentremainswellbelowprerecessionlevelsinmostcountries.Labourmarketweaknessishelpingtokeepinflationexpectationsincheck;theIMFforecastsconsumerpriceincreasesindevelopednationsof1.5%in2010and1.4%in2011.Butthereturntostronggrowthisboostingcommoditypricesoncemore.Oilpricesmayincreaseby30%in2010saidtheIMFarise7%largerthanprojectedinJanuary. Theoverallpictureisofaremarkableturnaroundinglobalfortunesgiventhedepthoftherecession.Theyear’sperformanceismuchbetterthanmanywouldhavedaredtohopeearlylastyear.ButinpartsofEuropethefutureissomewhatlesscertainandbecausethatuncertainfuturecouldleadtosovereigndebtcrisesthatcouldpotentiallyrattlefinancialmarketsworldleadersshouldremainvigilant. Theeconomicperformancearoundtheworldwill
我国对需要办理法人登记的社会团体法人的设立实行
有关法人民事权利能力的下列说法中正确的有
Afewmilliampsofelectricitycancauseplantstoincreasesynthesisofchemicals.Thesecompoundsoftenalsohaveapharmacologicalrelatedtomedicineorcommercialvaluesothetrickcouldbeusedtohelpincreaseyieldsofcommerciallyusefulbiologicals.Artemisinicacidfromsweetwormwoodforexampleisusedinmalarialmedicationsandshikonin紫草素fromthepurplegromwellplantisusedagainstskininfections. Researchershavelongknownthatstressingplantscanforcethemtotakedefensiveactionoftenrampinguptheproductionofprotectivechemicalsthatforexamplemakethemmoreresistanttoinsectattack.Ithasbecomecommonpracticetostresssuchplantsintoincreasingtheiryields.Thisisusuallycloneusingphysicalstresselicitors诱导子includingbitsofthemicro-organismsthatnormallyattacktheplantsorirritantsmadefrommetalliccompoundssuchascopperchloride.Theseareeffectivebuttheycomeatacost.Mostelicitorsaretoxictoplantsandcanbuildupintissuesmakingitnecessarytooccasionally"clean"aplantofthechemicalssotheykeephavingthesameeffect. RecentlyresearchgroupsattheUniversityofArizonainTucsonfoundthattheapplicationofanelectriccurrenttothehairyrootsofthepoisonousherbHyoscyamusmuticusstimulatedtheproductionoftheherb’stoxinhyoscyamine天仙子胺.ThisunpublishedfindinginspiredHansVanEttenalsooftheUniversityofArizonaandhiscolleaguestotestsub-lethallevelsofelectricalcurrentsonotherplantstoassesselectricity’spotentialtoelevatechemicalproduction. TheresearchersexposedeightdifferentplantspeciesrangingfromJapanesepagodatreeseedlingstopeaplantstoweakelectricalcurrentsof30milliamps.Sevenoftheplantsincreasedtheirproductiono{defensivechemicals.Theaverageboostofchemicalproductionwas20timestheyreportinBiotechnologyProgress.Oneplantatypeofalfalfaincreaseditschemicalyieldby168times.Thesevaluesareverysimilartothoseachievedusingchemicalelicitorsandseemtohavenolethaleffects-justanegativeeffectongrowth.Thetreatmentcanbeusedoverandoveragainwithoutthebuild-upofanyunwantedmaterial. Theusefulcompoundswouldbeveryeasytoharvest:theysimplypouroutintosolutioniftheplantsaregrownhydroponically."Thefactthatwecanuseelectricityinsteadoftoxicmaterialstoelicitchemicalproductionisveryexcitingbecauseitmeanswegettolookathowthesechemicalsformwithouthavingtoconstantlyaddandremovetoxinsfromthesystem"saysVanEtten."ThisisareallynovelandcreativeapproachthatI’veneverseenbefore"saysplantmetabolicengineerFabricioMedinaBolivarfromArkansasStateUniversityinJonesboro."Thepossibilitiesforusingelectricitywithplantsinthiswayareabsolutelytremendous." ThetraditionalwaysofincreasingtheyieldsofchemicaldoNOTinclude
法人的权利能力与自然人的权利能力相比较下列表述正确的是
PartC Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationsshouldbewrittencarefullyonANSWERSHEET2. Therearemanyinnovationsturningupinthelatestexperimentalandproductionelectriccarsaffectingeverythingfrombatteriestomotorstocontrolsystems.Theneedtomakethemallworktogetherispromptingacompleterethinkaboutthewaycarsshouldbedesignedandmanufacturedanditisunclearwhichtechnologieswilldominateastheconstraintsimposedbyinternalcombustionenginesgivewaytothenewlimitsandpossibilitiesassociatedwithelectricpropulsion.46Butonegroupofengineershavestucktheirnecksoutanddeclaredthataparticulartechnologytheelectrichubmotorislikelytobecomethemostwidelyuseddrivesystem. Atthisweek’sDeutscheMessetechnologyshowinHanoverresearchersattheFraunhoferInstitutedisplayedanelectricvehiclewhichtheyareusingasatestplatformtoinvestigatenewvehiclesystems.47Itincludeselectrichubmotorswhichtheyhavedevelopedtobemarkedlymorepowerfulthananysuchmotorscurrentlyavailable.Themotorshaveallthenecessarypowerandcontrolsystemsintegratedintothewheelhubgreatlyreducingthenumberofconnectionsbetweenthehubmotorsandtherestofthevehicle. 48Becausehubmotorscandeliverpowerindependentlytoeachwheeltrickslikefour-wheel-drivearepossibleandwithsoftwaremonitoringeachwheelstabilityandtractioncontrolcanalsobebuilt-in.Besidesdispensingwiththetraditionalenginebayonacarhubmotorssavespaceandweightbecausethereisnoneedforamechanicaltransmissionwithitsdriveshaftsanddifferentialunits. 49Somecriticsofthetechnologythinkhavingheavyelectricmotorsinthewheelsofcarswillhaveanegativeeffectonvehiclehandling.ButHermannPleteitaprojectmanagerwithoneofthe33Fraunhoferresearchcentresthathaveteameduptoworkontheexperimentalcarsaysthechassisandmanyotherpartsofthevehiclecanbeconfiguredinsuchawaytocompensateforthis. Severalcarmakersandcomponentsuppliersareinterestedinhubmotors.MichelinforoneisdevelopingasystemitcallstheActiveWheel.50Aswellasanelectricmotortodrivethewheelitcontainsasecondelectricmotortooperateanactivesuspensionsystemthatisalsobuiltintothewheelhub.Michelinreckonsthisarrangementwhichisnowbeingtestedincarscouldmakeotherconventionalpartslikeshockabsorbersunnecessary. Itincludeselectrichubmotorswhichtheyhavedevelopedtobemarkedlymorepowerfulthananysuchmotorscurrentlyavailable.
2000年赵某投资100万元钱某投资50万元设立A有限责任公司由赵某担任董事长公司章程规定为了强化公司与投资人之间的关系赵某钱某应对公司债务承担无限连带责任一年后公司生意兴隆B公司希望与A公司合并赵某欣然同意但钱某表示反对赵某称“我是咱们公司的法人当然由我说了算”3个月后合并程序完成新公司仍称为A有限责任公司由于盲目合并A公司业务大幅度亏损半年后被迫自行解散几位股东将A公司资产分配完毕后A公司停业 请问 1A公司的设立采取何种原则 2赵某钱某对A公司债务承担何种责任 3赵某是否是A公司的法人为什么 4AB公司的合并方式是什么 5在A公司自行解散时股东对公司资产的处理是否妥当应当如何处理
在我国一般而言有限责任公司的设立采取
法人的终止并不当然丧失法人民事主体资格
在我国采用行政许可主义设立的法人是
GloballyrecoveryisgoingslightlybetterthanexpectedaccordingtotheIMFwhichreleaseditslatestWorldEconomicOutlooktoday.Aftershrinkingby0.6%lastyeartheglobaleconomyislikelytoexpandby4.2%in20100.3%fasterthantheIMFprojectedinJanuary.Buteconomicperformanceswillcontinuetovarywidelyaroundtheworld.MuchoftheupwardrevisiontoglobalgrowthcanbeattributedtoabetteroutlookfortheAmericaneconomy.TheIMFreviseditsforecastforAmericaneconomicexpansionin2010up0.4%to3.1%.Therewasnochangebycontrastfortheeuroareawhichalreadyfacedapoorergrowthoutlook.TheEuroareaeconomymayonlygrowby1%in2010and1.5%in2011.AndmuchofthejobofexpansionwillbehandledbyGermanyandFrancewhilesouthernEuropeangrowthcontinuestolag.Spain’seconomywillcontinuetoshrinkin2010. ButtheoutlookisbrighteningformanyemergingeconomiesincludingthoseincentralandeasternEuropeforwhichgrowthforecastswererevisedupby0.8%.DevelopingAsiaisenjoyingastrongrecoveryandtheIMFindicatedthatbothIndiaandBrazilarelikelytoperformmuchbetterthisyearthaninitiallyanticipatednotching赢得growthratesof8.8%and5.5%respectively. Thereportsuggestedthatplannedstimulusmeasuresfor2010shouldbefullyimplementedgiventhefragilityofrecoverybutitalsonotedthatsovereigndebtworrieswillbecomemoresevereastheyearprogresses.DebtissuesarelikelytoproveespeciallyproblematicinEuropewhichhasthehighestdebtratiosandtheslowestexpectedgrowthrates.ThestressedsouthernEuropeannationsareinadamned-if-they-do-damned-if-they-don’tposition.Iflittleactionistakenondebtrisingdebtcostswillchokeofanalreadyweakrecovery.Ifaggressiveactionistakentheblowtoaggregatedemandwilllikewiseunderminegrowth. Aroundtheworldtradeandproductionhaverecoveredstronglybutemploymentremainswellbelowprerecessionlevelsinmostcountries.Labourmarketweaknessishelpingtokeepinflationexpectationsincheck;theIMFforecastsconsumerpriceincreasesindevelopednationsof1.5%in2010and1.4%in2011.Butthereturntostronggrowthisboostingcommoditypricesoncemore.Oilpricesmayincreaseby30%in2010saidtheIMFarise7%largerthanprojectedinJanuary. Theoverallpictureisofaremarkableturnaroundinglobalfortunesgiventhedepthoftherecession.Theyear’sperformanceismuchbetterthanmanywouldhavedaredtohopeearlylastyear.ButinpartsofEuropethefutureissomewhatlesscertainandbecausethatuncertainfuturecouldleadtosovereigndebtcrisesthatcouldpotentiallyrattlefinancialmarketsworldleadersshouldremainvigilant. Bysayingdamned-if-they-do-damned-if-they-don’tLine4Paragraph3theauthormeans
PartB Directions:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.Forquestions41--45youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA--Gtofillineachnumberedbox.Thefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinboxes. [A]Inourtimewomenhaveanaveragelifespanofalmost80years;doubleofwhatitwasinthelastcentury.Motherhoodcanbepostponedandintheorymarriagecanbepostponed.WomenintheUSarestudyingmorethanmenandtheymaybecomemainbreadwinnerinthenearfuture. [B]Manywomengothroughlifethinkingconsciouslyorunconsciouslythatamanwillsolvealltheirproblems "OncewearemarriedeverythingwillbeOK."Thisattitudeonlysetusupforfailure.Menarenotprinces readytotakeanychallengetorescuetheprincesses;theyarehumanbeingswiththeirownneedsandfears. [C]CarriewaswonderinginherbedroomaboutthecommentthatherfriendNewYorksocialiteCharlotteYorkmade"Womenwanttoberescued."Carriewonders"IsthattrueIsthattheonlythingwomenwantRescuedbywhomIftheprincedidnotkissSnowWhitewouldshehavebeenfrozenforeverorwouldshehavewokenupanywayandmovedon"SnowWhiteprobablyhadnootherchancebutwedo. [D]Nowonderoursocietyhaschanged.OntheotherhandourvalueshavenotfastenoughandmanywomenmoresoHispanicwomenarejustwaitingtoberescuedbytheprince.Thesewomenhavenotrealizedtheynolongerneedtoberescued;theyneedamanforotherreasonsnottotakecareofthem. [E]Womeninoursocietyhavesomanyoptionsthatwedonotneedanybodyelsetorescueus;wearetheonlyonesthatcanrescueourselves.Ifyouhaveareasofyourlifethatyouwanttoimprovegoahead;doitforyouandforyouonlyoracceptyourselfasyouare.Donotbesonaivethatyouthinksomeoneelsecantakecareofallyourproblems.Lifedoesnotworklikethat.Livelifetothefullestbehappywithwhoyouareandyouwillseethatifyouarehappywithyourselfyouwillmakeothershappyincludingyourman. [F]Oursocietyhaschangedinaremarkablewayinthelast50yearsorso.Andtherearemanyreasonsforit.Atthebeginningofthe20thcenturywomen’slifespanwasabout40years.Thereforelifeneededtostartearlierifawomanweregoingtoliveforonly40years;motherhoodwasapriority.Menusedtoworkandwomenstayedathomeandtookcareofthemandtheirkids.Womencouldnotsurvivewithoutaman;womenneededtoberescued. [G]Womenarecaregivers.Wearestrongandsmartandwehavetheabilitytotakecareofourselves;wedonotneedtoberescuedbyanyone.Whenwearegivingourpowertoothersinexchangeforsecuritywearealsogivingupourfreedom.AreyouwaitingtoberescuedDoyoueverthinklikethat Order: 41
PartC Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationsshouldbewrittencarefullyonANSWERSHEET2. Therearemanyinnovationsturningupinthelatestexperimentalandproductionelectriccarsaffectingeverythingfrombatteriestomotorstocontrolsystems.Theneedtomakethemallworktogetherispromptingacompleterethinkaboutthewaycarsshouldbedesignedandmanufacturedanditisunclearwhichtechnologieswilldominateastheconstraintsimposedbyinternalcombustionenginesgivewaytothenewlimitsandpossibilitiesassociatedwithelectricpropulsion.46Butonegroupofengineershavestucktheirnecksoutanddeclaredthataparticulartechnologytheelectrichubmotorislikelytobecomethemostwidelyuseddrivesystem. Atthisweek’sDeutscheMessetechnologyshowinHanoverresearchersattheFraunhoferInstitutedisplayedanelectricvehiclewhichtheyareusingasatestplatformtoinvestigatenewvehiclesystems.47Itincludeselectrichubmotorswhichtheyhavedevelopedtobemarkedlymorepowerfulthananysuchmotorscurrentlyavailable.Themotorshaveallthenecessarypowerandcontrolsystemsintegratedintothewheelhubgreatlyreducingthenumberofconnectionsbetweenthehubmotorsandtherestofthevehicle. 48Becausehubmotorscandeliverpowerindependentlytoeachwheeltrickslikefour-wheel-drivearepossibleandwithsoftwaremonitoringeachwheelstabilityandtractioncontrolcanalsobebuilt-in.Besidesdispensingwiththetraditionalenginebayonacarhubmotorssavespaceandweightbecausethereisnoneedforamechanicaltransmissionwithitsdriveshaftsanddifferentialunits. 49Somecriticsofthetechnologythinkhavingheavyelectricmotorsinthewheelsofcarswillhaveanegativeeffectonvehiclehandling.ButHermannPleteitaprojectmanagerwithoneofthe33Fraunhoferresearchcentresthathaveteameduptoworkontheexperimentalcarsaysthechassisandmanyotherpartsofthevehiclecanbeconfiguredinsuchawaytocompensateforthis. Severalcarmakersandcomponentsuppliersareinterestedinhubmotors.MichelinforoneisdevelopingasystemitcallstheActiveWheel.50Aswellasanelectricmotortodrivethewheelitcontainsasecondelectricmotortooperateanactivesuspensionsystemthatisalsobuiltintothewheelhub.Michelinreckonsthisarrangementwhichisnowbeingtestedincarscouldmakeotherconventionalpartslikeshockabsorbersunnecessary. Somecriticsofthetechnologythinkhavingheavyelectricmotorsinthewheelsofcarswillhaveanegativeeffectonvehiclehandling.
以下社会组织属于财团法人的是
根据中华人民共和国民法通则的规定联营的形式有
法人的民事行为能力的特点是
FeelinganxiousYourmoodmayactuallychangehowyourdinnertastesmakingthebitterandsaltyflavorsrecedeaccordingtonewresearch.Thislinkbetweenthechemicalbalanceinyourbrainandyoursenseoftastecouldonedayhelpdoctorstotreatdepression.Therearecurrentlynoon-the-spottestsfordecidingwhichmedicationwillworkbestinindividualpatientswiththiscondition.Researchershopethatatestbasedonflavordetectioncouldhelpdoctorstogetmoreprescriptionsrightfirsttime. Ithaslongbeenknownthatpeoplewhoaredepressedhavelower-than-usuallevelsofthebrainchemicalsserotoninornoradrenalineorinsomecasesboth.Manyalsohaveabluntedsenseoftastewhichispresumablycausedbychangesinbrainchemistry.TounpicktherelationshipbetweenthetwoLucyDonaldsonandhercolleaguesattheUniversityofBristolUKgave20healthyvolunteerstwoantidepressantdrugsandcheckedtheirsensitivitytodifferenttastes.ThedrugthatraisedserotoninlevelsmadepeoplemoresensitivetosweetandbittertastestheteamreportsintheJournalofNeuroscience.Theotherwhichincreasednoradrenalineenhancedrecognitionofbitterandsourtastes. Inhealthypeoplevolunteerswhoseanxietylevelswerenaturallyhigherwerelesssensitivetobitterandsaltytastes."Whathasn’tbeendonebe{oreistolookpreciselyatwhichtastesareaffectedindepression"saysDonaldson.Nowtheresultsarein"wecandiscriminatebetweenthechemicalsandthetastesthatseemtobealtered"shesays.Testingsensitivitytosweetandsourtastescouldpotentiallyhelpdoctorstopickuponwhichchemicalsaredippingguidingthemwhenchoosingwhichdrugtorectifytheproblem. Currentlydoctorsrelyonphysicalandemotionalsymptomstomakeabestguessatanindividual’simbalanceprescribeadrugandwaitaboutamonthtocheckonanyimprovement.Gooddoctorshaveabouta60-80%successrateinselectingtherightdrugthefirsttimesayspsychiatristJanMelicharaco-authoronthepaper.Arethereanydecenttestsforprescribingdrugsfordepression"No.Wedoabestguesstimate"saysMelichar."I’mexcitedbythisfindingbecausein35or7yearswecouldhaveasimpletastetest." Nexttheteamplanstoperformsimilartestsindepressedpeopleandinhealthyvolunteersgivenanotherbrainchemicalcalledtryptophan.Thischemicalwouldlowerthehealthysubjects’levelsofserotoninasactuallyhappensindepressedpatients. Theworkhasalsogeneratedinterestfromflavorhouses--companiesthatdevelopchemicalsforthefoodanddrinkindustry--whoareinterestedinmakingfoodstastejustassweetwithhalftheamountofsugar."Theoreticallytherewouldbethepossibilityofenhancingyourmealwithdrugsthataffectbrainchemicalssothatthingswouldtastebetter--youcouidhavea’designertastetablet’"Donaldsonsays. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEastotheresultsoftheresearch
浙江大学杭州大学等合并为浙江大学这种合并称为
辨析题张某某是甲有限责任公司的最大股东并出任了甲公司的董事长后来张某某以甲公司的名义与乙公司签订一份购销合同约定甲公司向乙公司订购2万吨化肥货款为1600万元乙公司在合同签订后20天内交货甲公司于交货后10天内付清货款合同成立后乙公司如期交货甲公司却未按期付款待乙公司追偿债务时发现甲公司已成为一个空壳账上仅剩下50万元乙公司向法院起诉要求张某某承担赔偿责任张某某以股东对有限责任公司的债务仅以出资为限承担有限责任为由拒不承担赔偿责任 问张某某的理由能否成立试运用民法原理并结合我国有关法律规定加以分析
以下组织属于社团法人的是
Childrenattendingschoolslocatedinhigh-trafficzoneshavea45percentincreasedriskofdevelopingasthmaeventhoughtimespentatschoolonlyaccountsforaboutone-thirdofachild’swakinghoursaccordingtonewresearch. Asthmaisthemostcommonchronicchildhoodillnessindevelopedcountriesandhasbeenlinkedtoenvironmentalfactorssuchastraffic-relatedairpollution."Whileresidentialtraffic-relatedpollutionhasbeenassociatedwithasthmatherehasbeenlittlestudyoftheeffectsoftrafficexposureatschoolonnewonsetasthma"saysRobMcConnellprofessorofpreventivemedicineatUSC’sKeckSchoolofMedicine."Exposuretopollutionatlocationsotherthanhomeespeciallywherechildrenspendalargeportionoftheirdayandmayengageinphysicalactivityappearstoinfluenceasthmariskaswell." ThestudyappearsonlineinthejournalEnvironmentalHealthPerspectives.ThestudydrewupondatafromtheChildren’sHealthStudyCHSalongitudinalstudyofchildreninSouthernCaliforniacommunitiesthatwasdesignedtoinvestigatethechroniceffectsofairpollutiononrespiratoryhealth.Usingacohortof2497kindergartenandfirstgradechildrenwhowereasthma-freewhentheyenteredthestudyresearchersexaminedtherelationshipoflocaltrafficaroundschoolsandhomestodiagnosisnewonsetasthmathatoccurredduringthreeyearsoffollow-up.Traffic-relatedpollutionexposurewasassessedbasedonamodelthattookintoaccounttrafficvolumedistancetomajorroadwaysfromhomeandschoolandlocalweatherconditions. Regionalambientozonenitrogendioxide二氧化氮andparticulatematterweremeasuredcontinuouslyatonecentralsiteineachofthe13studycommunities.Thedesignallowedinvestigatorstoexaminethejointeffectsoflocaltraffic-relatedpollutionexposureatschoolandathomeandofregionalpollutionexposureaffectingtheentirecommunity.Researchersfound120casesofnewasthma.Theriskassociatedwithtraffic-relatedpollutionexposureatschoolswasalmostashighasforresidentialexposureandcombinedexposureaccountingfortimespentathomeandatschoolhadaslightlylargereffect.AlthoughchildrenspendlesstimeatschoolthanathomephysicaleducationandotheractivitiesthattakeplaceatschoolmayincreaseventilationratesandthedoseofpollutantsgettingintothelungsMcConnellnotes.Traffic-relatedpollutantlevelsmayalsobehigherduringthemorninghourswhenchildrenarearrivingatschool. Despiteastatelawthatprohibitsschooldistrictsfrombuildingcampuseswithin500feetofafreewaymanySouthernCaliforniaschoolsarelocatednearhigh-trafficareasincludingbusysurfacestreets. "It’simportanttounderstandhowthesemicro-environmentswherechildrenspentalotoftheirtimeoutsideofthehomeareimpactingtheirhealth"McConnellsays."Policiesthatreduceexposuretohigh-trafficenvironmentsmayhelptopreventthisdisease."ThestudywasfundedbygrantsfromtheNationalInstituteofEnvironmentalHealthSciencestheUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgencytheSouthCoastAirQualityManagementDistrictandtheHastingsFoundation. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext
PartB Directions:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.Forquestions41--45youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA--Gtofillineachnumberedbox.Thefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinboxes. [A]Inourtimewomenhaveanaveragelifespanofalmost80years;doubleofwhatitwasinthelastcentury.Motherhoodcanbepostponedandintheorymarriagecanbepostponed.WomenintheUSarestudyingmorethanmenandtheymaybecomemainbreadwinnerinthenearfuture. [B]Manywomengothroughlifethinkingconsciouslyorunconsciouslythatamanwillsolvealltheirproblems "OncewearemarriedeverythingwillbeOK."Thisattitudeonlysetusupforfailure.Menarenotprinces readytotakeanychallengetorescuetheprincesses;theyarehumanbeingswiththeirownneedsandfears. [C]CarriewaswonderinginherbedroomaboutthecommentthatherfriendNewYorksocialiteCharlotteYorkmade"Womenwanttoberescued."Carriewonders"IsthattrueIsthattheonlythingwomenwantRescuedbywhomIftheprincedidnotkissSnowWhitewouldshehavebeenfrozenforeverorwouldshehavewokenupanywayandmovedon"SnowWhiteprobablyhadnootherchancebutwedo. [D]Nowonderoursocietyhaschanged.OntheotherhandourvalueshavenotfastenoughandmanywomenmoresoHispanicwomenarejustwaitingtoberescuedbytheprince.Thesewomenhavenotrealizedtheynolongerneedtoberescued;theyneedamanforotherreasonsnottotakecareofthem. [E]Womeninoursocietyhavesomanyoptionsthatwedonotneedanybodyelsetorescueus;wearetheonlyonesthatcanrescueourselves.Ifyouhaveareasofyourlifethatyouwanttoimprovegoahead;doitforyouandforyouonlyoracceptyourselfasyouare.Donotbesonaivethatyouthinksomeoneelsecantakecareofallyourproblems.Lifedoesnotworklikethat.Livelifetothefullestbehappywithwhoyouareandyouwillseethatifyouarehappywithyourselfyouwillmakeothershappyincludingyourman. [F]Oursocietyhaschangedinaremarkablewayinthelast50yearsorso.Andtherearemanyreasonsforit.Atthebeginningofthe20thcenturywomen’slifespanwasabout40years.Thereforelifeneededtostartearlierifawomanweregoingtoliveforonly40years;motherhoodwasapriority.Menusedtoworkandwomenstayedathomeandtookcareofthemandtheirkids.Womencouldnotsurvivewithoutaman;womenneededtoberescued. [G]Womenarecaregivers.Wearestrongandsmartandwehavetheabilitytotakecareofourselves;wedonotneedtoberescuedbyanyone.Whenwearegivingourpowertoothersinexchangeforsecuritywearealsogivingupourfreedom.AreyouwaitingtoberescuedDoyoueverthinklikethat Order: 45
Directions:YouaretheleaderofanEnglishCorner.Writeaninvitationlettertoaskaninternationalstudent Jimtojoinyou.Intheletteryoushouldwrite 1thepurposeoftheinvitationand 2thetimeoftheactivity. Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2. Donotsignyournameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead. Donotwritetheaddress.
简述法人的成立条件
PartB Directions:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.Forquestions41--45youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA--Gtofillineachnumberedbox.Thefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinboxes. [A]Inourtimewomenhaveanaveragelifespanofalmost80years;doubleofwhatitwasinthelastcentury.Motherhoodcanbepostponedandintheorymarriagecanbepostponed.WomenintheUSarestudyingmorethanmenandtheymaybecomemainbreadwinnerinthenearfuture. [B]Manywomengothroughlifethinkingconsciouslyorunconsciouslythatamanwillsolvealltheirproblems "OncewearemarriedeverythingwillbeOK."Thisattitudeonlysetusupforfailure.Menarenotprinces readytotakeanychallengetorescuetheprincesses;theyarehumanbeingswiththeirownneedsandfears. [C]CarriewaswonderinginherbedroomaboutthecommentthatherfriendNewYorksocialiteCharlotteYorkmade"Womenwanttoberescued."Carriewonders"IsthattrueIsthattheonlythingwomenwantRescuedbywhomIftheprincedidnotkissSnowWhitewouldshehavebeenfrozenforeverorwouldshehavewokenupanywayandmovedon"SnowWhiteprobablyhadnootherchancebutwedo. [D]Nowonderoursocietyhaschanged.OntheotherhandourvalueshavenotfastenoughandmanywomenmoresoHispanicwomenarejustwaitingtoberescuedbytheprince.Thesewomenhavenotrealizedtheynolongerneedtoberescued;theyneedamanforotherreasonsnottotakecareofthem. [E]Womeninoursocietyhavesomanyoptionsthatwedonotneedanybodyelsetorescueus;wearetheonlyonesthatcanrescueourselves.Ifyouhaveareasofyourlifethatyouwanttoimprovegoahead;doitforyouandforyouonlyoracceptyourselfasyouare.Donotbesonaivethatyouthinksomeoneelsecantakecareofallyourproblems.Lifedoesnotworklikethat.Livelifetothefullestbehappywithwhoyouareandyouwillseethatifyouarehappywithyourselfyouwillmakeothershappyincludingyourman. [F]Oursocietyhaschangedinaremarkablewayinthelast50yearsorso.Andtherearemanyreasonsforit.Atthebeginningofthe20thcenturywomen’slifespanwasabout40years.Thereforelifeneededtostartearlierifawomanweregoingtoliveforonly40years;motherhoodwasapriority.Menusedtoworkandwomenstayedathomeandtookcareofthemandtheirkids.Womencouldnotsurvivewithoutaman;womenneededtoberescued. [G]Womenarecaregivers.Wearestrongandsmartandwehavetheabilitytotakecareofourselves;wedonotneedtoberescuedbyanyone.Whenwearegivingourpowertoothersinexchangeforsecuritywearealsogivingupourfreedom.AreyouwaitingtoberescuedDoyoueverthinklikethat Order: 43
Afewmilliampsofelectricitycancauseplantstoincreasesynthesisofchemicals.Thesecompoundsoftenalsohaveapharmacologicalrelatedtomedicineorcommercialvaluesothetrickcouldbeusedtohelpincreaseyieldsofcommerciallyusefulbiologicals.Artemisinicacidfromsweetwormwoodforexampleisusedinmalarialmedicationsandshikonin紫草素fromthepurplegromwellplantisusedagainstskininfections. Researchershavelongknownthatstressingplantscanforcethemtotakedefensiveactionoftenrampinguptheproductionofprotectivechemicalsthatforexamplemakethemmoreresistanttoinsectattack.Ithasbecomecommonpracticetostresssuchplantsintoincreasingtheiryields.Thisisusuallycloneusingphysicalstresselicitors诱导子includingbitsofthemicro-organismsthatnormallyattacktheplantsorirritantsmadefrommetalliccompoundssuchascopperchloride.Theseareeffectivebuttheycomeatacost.Mostelicitorsaretoxictoplantsandcanbuildupintissuesmakingitnecessarytooccasionally"clean"aplantofthechemicalssotheykeephavingthesameeffect. RecentlyresearchgroupsattheUniversityofArizonainTucsonfoundthattheapplicationofanelectriccurrenttothehairyrootsofthepoisonousherbHyoscyamusmuticusstimulatedtheproductionoftheherb’stoxinhyoscyamine天仙子胺.ThisunpublishedfindinginspiredHansVanEttenalsooftheUniversityofArizonaandhiscolleaguestotestsub-lethallevelsofelectricalcurrentsonotherplantstoassesselectricity’spotentialtoelevatechemicalproduction. TheresearchersexposedeightdifferentplantspeciesrangingfromJapanesepagodatreeseedlingstopeaplantstoweakelectricalcurrentsof30milliamps.Sevenoftheplantsincreasedtheirproductiono{defensivechemicals.Theaverageboostofchemicalproductionwas20timestheyreportinBiotechnologyProgress.Oneplantatypeofalfalfaincreaseditschemicalyieldby168times.Thesevaluesareverysimilartothoseachievedusingchemicalelicitorsandseemtohavenolethaleffects-justanegativeeffectongrowth.Thetreatmentcanbeusedoverandoveragainwithoutthebuild-upofanyunwantedmaterial. Theusefulcompoundswouldbeveryeasytoharvest:theysimplypouroutintosolutioniftheplantsaregrownhydroponically."Thefactthatwecanuseelectricityinsteadoftoxicmaterialstoelicitchemicalproductionisveryexcitingbecauseitmeanswegettolookathowthesechemicalsformwithouthavingtoconstantlyaddandremovetoxinsfromthesystem"saysVanEtten."ThisisareallynovelandcreativeapproachthatI’veneverseenbefore"saysplantmetabolicengineerFabricioMedinaBolivarfromArkansasStateUniversityinJonesboro."Thepossibilitiesforusingelectricitywithplantsinthiswayareabsolutelytremendous." TheviewsofFabricioandVanEttentowardsthewayofusingelectricitytoelicitchemicalproductionare
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