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The Great Wall of China Walls and wall building have played a very important role in Chinese cultur...
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In1620abouthalftheUSAwascovered覆盖byforests.Todayth
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HowWeFormFirstImpression.1Weallhavefirstimpressionofsomeonewejustmet.Butwhydoweformanopinionaboutsomeonewithoutreallyknowinganythingabouthimorherasideperhapsfromafewremarksorreadilyobservabletraits.2Theanswerisrelatedtohowyourbrainallowsyoutobeawareoftheworld.Yourbrainissosensitiveinpickingupfacialtraitsevenveryminordifferenceinhowaperson’seyesearsnoseormouthareplacedinrelationtoeachothermakeyouseahimorherasdifferent.Infactyourbraincontinuouslyprocessesincomingsensoryinformationthesightsandsoundsofyourworld.Theseincomingsignalsarecomparedagainstahostofmemoriesstoredinthebrainareascalledthecortexsystemtodeterminewhatthesenewsignalsmean.3Ifyouseesomeoneyouknowandlikeatschoolyourbrainsaysfamiliarandsafe.Ifyouseesomeonenewitsaysnewpotentiallythreatening.Thenyourbrainstartsmatchfeaturesofthisstrangerwithotherknownmemories.Theheightweightdressethnicitygesturesandtoneofvoiceareallmatchedup.ThemoreunfamiliarthecharacteristicsthemoreyourbrainmaysayThisisnew.Idon’tlikethisperson.Orelse’Tmintrigued.Oryourbrainmayperceiveanewfacebutfamiliarclothesethnicitygestureslikeyourotherfriends;soyourbrainsays:Ilikethisperson.Butthesepreliminaryimpressionscanbedeadwrong.4Whenwestereotypepeopleweusealessmatureformofthinkingnotunliketheimmaturethinkingofaveryyoungchildthatmakessimplisticandcategoricalimpressionsofothers.Ratherthanlearnaboutthedepthandbreadthofpeople--theirhistoryinterestvaluesstrengthsandtruecharacterwecategorizethemasjocksgeeksorfreaks.5Howeverifweresistinitialstereotypicalimpressionswehaveachancetobeawareofwhatapersonistrulylike.Ifwespend-timewithapersonhearabouthisorherlifehopesdreamsandbecomeawareoftheperson’scharacterweuseadifferentmorematurestyleofthinkingandthemostcomplexareasofourcortexwhichallowustobehumane.AWaysofDeparturefromImmatureandSimplisticImpressionsBCommentonFirstimpressionCIllustrationofFirstImpressionDComparingIncomingSensoryInformationAgainstMemoriesEThreateningAspectofFirstImpressionsFDifferencesAmongJocksGeeksandFreaksParagraph2______
SexChangeSurgeryGuidelinesDraftedChinaissetto51itsfirstclinicalguidelineonsex-changesurgeryaccordingtoanoticeputonthewebsiteoftheMinistryofHealthyesterday.Theministryisnowsolicitingpublicandprofessionalopinionsonthedraftguideline.Thecomingguidelineaimstoregulateandstandardizesexreassignmentsurgerypartofatreatmentforgenderidentitydisorderintranssexuals.Experts52nearly2000Chinesehaveundergonesex-changesurgerywhile100000to400000arestillconsideringit.Howevernoofficialnumberisavailable.InthedrafttheMOHsets53criteriaforbothsurgicalcandidatesandmedicalinstitutions.Candidatesforthesurgerymustbeolderthan20andsinglethedraftguidelinesaid.Theyarealsorequiredtoproveapersistentdesireforasexchangetoliveforatleastfiveconsecutiveyearsfull-timeinthenewgenderroleandtoengage54mentaltherapyforatleastoneyear.Beforesurgerycantakeplaceacandidatemustreceivearecommendationfortheoperationfroma55afteranappropriateseriesoftherapysessions.Alsoseverallegalrequirements56bemetbeforetheprocedure.Thecandidatemustprovideprooffrompolicethatheorshehasdoesnothaveanycriminaloffensesinthepast.Policemustalsoagreetochangethesexstatusontheidentitycardofthe57receiverbeforetheoperationcantake58.Theadventofsuchaguideline59toshowthatthegovernmentisconcerned60theneedsofarelativelysmall61ofpeoplewhowanttochangesex.Butdoctorsalsowarnthatallstakeholdersincludingthehospitalandprospectivereceiversshouldbehighlycautiousaboutthissurgery.Theoperationismorethanamedicalproceduredue62itshugesocialandlegalconsequences.Doctorsshouldmakeitcleartothose63sex-changesurgeriesthattheoptionalwaysremainstocontinuetoliveintheoriginalrole.Theguidelinerequiressurgeonstotellpatientsaboutotheroptions64hormonetherapy.Theyarealsorequiredtoexplaintherisksinvolvedandunderlyingsocialbarriersincludingdiscriminationandadministrativerecognitionandapproval.Forthecandidatesthesurgeryitselfisnotthebigissue65thelongrun.Therealissueisthekindoflifeheorshewillhavetoleadafterward.
MarriageSixteenyearsagoEileenDoyle’shusbandanengineertookhisfourchildrenupforanearlymorningcupofteapackedasmallcaseandwasneverseenorheardofagain.Eileenwasastonishedandinastateofdespair.Theyhadbeenahappyfamilyandasfarassheknewtherehadbeennothingwrongwiththeirmarriage.Everydayoftheyearasmallgroupofmenandwomenquietlypackafewbelongingsandwithoutsomuchasanoteoragood-byeclosethefrontdoorforthelasttimeleavingtheirdebtstheirworriesandtheirconfusedfamiliesbehindthem.Lastyearmorethan1200menandnearlyasmanywomenwerereportedmissingfromhome—thehighestin15years.Manydidreturnhomewithinayearbutothersrejectedthepastcompletelyandarenowlivinganewlifesomewhereunderadifferentidentity.Tothoseleftbehindthisformofdesertionisaterribleblowtotheirprideandself-confidence.Eventhefinalityofdeathmightbepreferable.Atleastitdoesnotimplyrejectionorfailure.Worsethanthatpeoplecanbeleftwithanunfinishedmarriagenotknowingwhethertheywillhavetowaitsevenyearsbeforetheyarefreetostartafreshlife.ClinicalpsychologistPaulBrownbelievesmostdeparturesofthiskindtobewellplannedratherthanimpulsive.It’stypicalofthekindofpersonalitywhichseemsabletoignoreotherpeople’spainanddifficulties.Runningawaylikekillingyourselfisahighlyaggressiveact.Bycreatinganabsencethepeopleleftbehindfeelguiltyupsetandempty.TheSalvationArmy’sInvestigationDepartmenthasa70percentsuccessrateintrackingmissingpeopledown.AccordingtoLt.Co.BramwellPrattheadofthedepartmentmenandwomenrunawayforverydifferentreasonsthoughlackofcommunicationisoftenthebiggestmotive.Thethingsthatdisturbaman’spersonalityareproblemslikebeingtiedupindebtorseriousworriesaboutwork.Andsomewomenmakeimpossibledemandsontheirhusbands.Womenusuallyleaveformoreobviousreasonsbutfearisattherootofit.Menaremoreoftenpreparedtogivetheirmarriageanothertrythanwomenbutweareawarethatforsomewivesitwouldbeatotalimpossibilitytoreturnafterthewaythey’vebeentreated./Themanorwomanleftbehindusually______.
SexChangeSurgeryGuidelinesDraftedChinaissetto51itsfirstclinicalguidelineonsex-changesurgeryaccordingtoanoticeputonthewebsiteoftheMinistryofHealthyesterday.Theministryisnowsolicitingpublicandprofessionalopinionsonthedraftguideline.Thecomingguidelineaimstoregulateandstandardizesexreassignmentsurgerypartofatreatmentforgenderidentitydisorderintranssexuals.Experts52nearly2000Chinesehaveundergonesex-changesurgerywhile100000to400000arestillconsideringit.Howevernoofficialnumberisavailable.InthedrafttheMOHsets53criteriaforbothsurgicalcandidatesandmedicalinstitutions.Candidatesforthesurgerymustbeolderthan20andsinglethedraftguidelinesaid.Theyarealsorequiredtoproveapersistentdesireforasexchangetoliveforatleastfiveconsecutiveyearsfull-timeinthenewgenderroleandtoengage54mentaltherapyforatleastoneyear.Beforesurgerycantakeplaceacandidatemustreceivearecommendationfortheoperationfroma55afteranappropriateseriesoftherapysessions.Alsoseverallegalrequirements56bemetbeforetheprocedure.Thecandidatemustprovideprooffrompolicethatheorshehasdoesnothaveanycriminaloffensesinthepast.Policemustalsoagreetochangethesexstatusontheidentitycardofthe57receiverbeforetheoperationcantake58.Theadventofsuchaguideline59toshowthatthegovernmentisconcerned60theneedsofarelativelysmall61ofpeoplewhowanttochangesex.Butdoctorsalsowarnthatallstakeholdersincludingthehospitalandprospectivereceiversshouldbehighlycautiousaboutthissurgery.Theoperationismorethanamedicalproceduredue62itshugesocialandlegalconsequences.Doctorsshouldmakeitcleartothose63sex-changesurgeriesthattheoptionalwaysremainstocontinuetoliveintheoriginalrole.Theguidelinerequiressurgeonstotellpatientsaboutotheroptions64hormonetherapy.Theyarealsorequiredtoexplaintherisksinvolvedandunderlyingsocialbarriersincludingdiscriminationandadministrativerecognitionandapproval.Forthecandidatesthesurgeryitselfisnotthebigissue65thelongrun.Therealissueisthekindoflifeheorshewillhavetoleadafterward.
DuringtheSecondWorldWarallimportantresourcesintheU.Swereallocatedbythefederalgovernment.
TheWorld’sLongestBridgeRumorhasitthatalegendarysix-headedmonsterlurksintiledeepwatersoftheTyrrhenianSeabetweenItalyandtheislandofSicily.46.Whencompletedin2010theworld’slongestbridgewillweighnearly300000tansequivalenttotheicebergthatsanktheTitanicandstretch5kilometerslong.That’snearly50percentlongerthananyotherbridgeeverbuiltsaysstructuralengineerShaneRixon.47.They’resuspensionbridgesmassivestructuresbuilttospanvastwaterchannelsorgorges.Asuspensionbridgeneedsjusttwotowerstoshoulderthestructure’smammothweightthankstoheftysupportingcablesslungbetweenthetowersandanchoredfirmlyindeeppoolsofcementateachendofthebridge.TheMessingStraitBridgewillhavetwo54100-tontowerswhichwillsupportmostofthebridge’sload.Thebeefycablesofthebridgeeach1.2meterindiameterwillholdupthelongestandwidestbridgedeckeverbuilt.WhenconstructionbeginsontheMessinastraitBridgein2005thefirstjobwillbetoerecttwo370-meter-tallsteeltowers.48.Gettingthesecablesupwillbesomething.It’snotjusttheirlengthtotally5.3kilometersbuttheirweight.49Afterloweringverticalsuspendercablesfromthemaincablesbuilderswillerecta60-meter-wide54630-tonsteelroadwayordeckwideenoughtoaccommodate12lanesoftraffic.Thedeck’sweightwillpulldownonthecableswithaforceof70500tons.Inreturnthecablesyankupagainsttheirfirmlyrootedanchorswithaforceof139000tonsequivalenttotheweightofabout100000cars.Thoseanchorsareessential.50A.Someenvironmentalistsareagainsttheprojectonbiologicalgrounds.B.Whatdotheworld’slongestbridgeshaveincommonC.Iftrueonedayyoumightspythebeastwhilezipping呼啸而过acrosstheMessinaStraitBridge.D.They’rewhatwillkeepthebridgefromgoinganywhere.E.Thesecondjobwillbetopulltwosetsofsteelcablesacrossthestraitseachsetbeingabundleof44352individualsteelwires.F.Theywilltipupthescalesat166500tonsmorethanhalfthebridge’stotalmass.
Johnremovedhisovercoat.
SexChangeSurgeryGuidelinesDraftedChinaissetto51itsfirstclinicalguidelineonsex-changesurgeryaccordingtoanoticeputonthewebsiteoftheMinistryofHealthyesterday.Theministryisnowsolicitingpublicandprofessionalopinionsonthedraftguideline.Thecomingguidelineaimstoregulateandstandardizesexreassignmentsurgerypartofatreatmentforgenderidentitydisorderintranssexuals.Experts52nearly2000Chinesehaveundergonesex-changesurgerywhile100000to400000arestillconsideringit.Howevernoofficialnumberisavailable.InthedrafttheMOHsets53criteriaforbothsurgicalcandidatesandmedicalinstitutions.Candidatesforthesurgerymustbeolderthan20andsinglethedraftguidelinesaid.Theyarealsorequiredtoproveapersistentdesireforasexchangetoliveforatleastfiveconsecutiveyearsfull-timeinthenewgenderroleandtoengage54mentaltherapyforatleastoneyear.Beforesurgerycantakeplaceacandidatemustreceivearecommendationfortheoperationfroma55afteranappropriateseriesoftherapysessions.Alsoseverallegalrequirements56bemetbeforetheprocedure.Thecandidatemustprovideprooffrompolicethatheorshehasdoesnothaveanycriminaloffensesinthepast.Policemustalsoagreetochangethesexstatusontheidentitycardofthe57receiverbeforetheoperationcantake58.Theadventofsuchaguideline59toshowthatthegovernmentisconcerned60theneedsofarelativelysmall61ofpeoplewhowanttochangesex.Butdoctorsalsowarnthatallstakeholdersincludingthehospitalandprospectivereceiversshouldbehighlycautiousaboutthissurgery.Theoperationismorethanamedicalproceduredue62itshugesocialandlegalconsequences.Doctorsshouldmakeitcleartothose63sex-changesurgeriesthattheoptionalwaysremainstocontinuetoliveintheoriginalrole.Theguidelinerequiressurgeonstotellpatientsaboutotheroptions64hormonetherapy.Theyarealsorequiredtoexplaintherisksinvolvedandunderlyingsocialbarriersincludingdiscriminationandadministrativerecognitionandapproval.Forthecandidatesthesurgeryitselfisnotthebigissue65thelongrun.Therealissueisthekindoflifeheorshewillhavetoleadafterward.
Aastranger’slessmaturetypeofthinkingBtheMostcomplexareasofourcortexCtheimmatureformofthinkingofaveryyoungchildDtiremeaningofincomingsensoryinformationEthesightsandsoundsoftheworldFanopportunitytoanalyzedifferentformsofthinkingSensoryinformationisonethatisperceivedthrough______.
SharkThelargestsharkknowntousMegalodonisextinct.OrisitCarcharodonMegalodoncommonlyknownasMegalodonisbelievedtohavelivedbetween1millionand5millionyearsagoandthoughttohavebeen52feetlong.Itisorwasasharkthathadajaw7ormorefeetwide.Fairlyrecentlytherehasbeensomespeculationaboutwhetheritisextinctorjustoutofreach.ButfewpeoplebelievethatMegalodonhasfoundahomedeepintheocean.TherearemanyknownLivingFossils:CoelacanthSeaCucumbersSeaUrchinsLobstersSeaStars.Thecommononeslikelobstersandseaurchinsarenotreallylookedonasanythingamazing.They’vebeenaroundforthousandsofyearsormoreandareeasilyaccessibletous.Whatiftheyweren’taccessibleandyetstillexistedWewouldlabelthemextinct.ThediscoveryofaliveCoelacanthafishlongbelievedextinctchallengedsomescientists’long-heldbeliefsonextinction.Therehavebeenrecentdiscoveriesofincrediblylargesquidanddeep-seafishneverbeforeseenbyscientists.Inthe1960stheU.S.NavysetupunderwatermicrophonesaroundtheworldtotrackSovietsubmarines.ThenetworkknownastheSoundSurveillanceSystemstillliesdeepbelowtheocean’ssurfaceinalayerofwaterknownasthedeepsoundchannel.Thetemperatureandpressureofthechannelallowsoundwavestotravelundisturbed.NOAA’sAcousticMonitoringProjecthasbeenusingtheSoundSurveillanceSystemtolistenforchangesinoceanstructurelikeoceancurrentsorvolcanicactivity.Mostofthesoundsrecordedarecommonandofnoconcern.Onesoundidentifiedin1977byU.S.Navyspysensorswasodd.Itwasobviouslyamarineanimalbutthecallwasmorepowerfulthananyofthecallsmadebyanyotherreportedseacreature.Itwastoobigforawhale.Coulditbeadeep-seamonsterOnepossibilitywasagiantsquidbutnooneissure.ItwasnamedBloop.CoulditbeMegalodonIfMegalodonisstillalivedowninthebottomoftheoceanwemaysomedaysoondiscoverit.ThenwhatDeepseadivingwillneverbethesamethat’sforsure!WhatmakesscientistsdoubtaboutthebeliefthatMegalodonisextinct
SexChangeSurgeryGuidelinesDraftedChinaissetto51itsfirstclinicalguidelineonsex-changesurgeryaccordingtoanoticeputonthewebsiteoftheMinistryofHealthyesterday.Theministryisnowsolicitingpublicandprofessionalopinionsonthedraftguideline.Thecomingguidelineaimstoregulateandstandardizesexreassignmentsurgerypartofatreatmentforgenderidentitydisorderintranssexuals.Experts52nearly2000Chinesehaveundergonesex-changesurgerywhile100000to400000arestillconsideringit.Howevernoofficialnumberisavailable.InthedrafttheMOHsets53criteriaforbothsurgicalcandidatesandmedicalinstitutions.Candidatesforthesurgerymustbeolderthan20andsinglethedraftguidelinesaid.Theyarealsorequiredtoproveapersistentdesireforasexchangetoliveforatleastfiveconsecutiveyearsfull-timeinthenewgenderroleandtoengage54mentaltherapyforatleastoneyear.Beforesurgerycantakeplaceacandidatemustreceivearecommendationfortheoperationfroma55afteranappropriateseriesoftherapysessions.Alsoseverallegalrequirements56bemetbeforetheprocedure.Thecandidatemustprovideprooffrompolicethatheorshehasdoesnothaveanycriminaloffensesinthepast.Policemustalsoagreetochangethesexstatusontheidentitycardofthe57receiverbeforetheoperationcantake58.Theadventofsuchaguideline59toshowthatthegovernmentisconcerned60theneedsofarelativelysmall61ofpeoplewhowanttochangesex.Butdoctorsalsowarnthatallstakeholdersincludingthehospitalandprospectivereceiversshouldbehighlycautiousaboutthissurgery.Theoperationismorethanamedicalproceduredue62itshugesocialandlegalconsequences.Doctorsshouldmakeitcleartothose63sex-changesurgeriesthattheoptionalwaysremainstocontinuetoliveintheoriginalrole.Theguidelinerequiressurgeonstotellpatientsaboutotheroptions64hormonetherapy.Theyarealsorequiredtoexplaintherisksinvolvedandunderlyingsocialbarriersincludingdiscriminationandadministrativerecognitionandapproval.Forthecandidatesthesurgeryitselfisnotthebigissue65thelongrun.Therealissueisthekindoflifeheorshewillhavetoleadafterward.
Thechairmanproposedthatweshouldstopthemeeting.
MarriageSixteenyearsagoEileenDoyle’shusbandanengineertookhisfourchildrenupforanearlymorningcupofteapackedasmallcaseandwasneverseenorheardofagain.Eileenwasastonishedandinastateofdespair.Theyhadbeenahappyfamilyandasfarassheknewtherehadbeennothingwrongwiththeirmarriage.Everydayoftheyearasmallgroupofmenandwomenquietlypackafewbelongingsandwithoutsomuchasanoteoragood-byeclosethefrontdoorforthelasttimeleavingtheirdebtstheirworriesandtheirconfusedfamiliesbehindthem.Lastyearmorethan1200menandnearlyasmanywomenwerereportedmissingfromhome—thehighestin15years.Manydidreturnhomewithinayearbutothersrejectedthepastcompletelyandarenowlivinganewlifesomewhereunderadifferentidentity.Tothoseleftbehindthisformofdesertionisaterribleblowtotheirprideandself-confidence.Eventhefinalityofdeathmightbepreferable.Atleastitdoesnotimplyrejectionorfailure.Worsethanthatpeoplecanbeleftwithanunfinishedmarriagenotknowingwhethertheywillhavetowaitsevenyearsbeforetheyarefreetostartafreshlife.ClinicalpsychologistPaulBrownbelievesmostdeparturesofthiskindtobewellplannedratherthanimpulsive.It’stypicalofthekindofpersonalitywhichseemsabletoignoreotherpeople’spainanddifficulties.Runningawaylikekillingyourselfisahighlyaggressiveact.Bycreatinganabsencethepeopleleftbehindfeelguiltyupsetandempty.TheSalvationArmy’sInvestigationDepartmenthasa70percentsuccessrateintrackingmissingpeopledown.AccordingtoLt.Co.BramwellPrattheadofthedepartmentmenandwomenrunawayforverydifferentreasonsthoughlackofcommunicationisoftenthebiggestmotive.Thethingsthatdisturbaman’spersonalityareproblemslikebeingtiedupindebtorseriousworriesaboutwork.Andsomewomenmakeimpossibledemandsontheirhusbands.Womenusuallyleaveformoreobviousreasonsbutfearisattherootofit.Menaremoreoftenpreparedtogivetheirmarriageanothertrythanwomenbutweareawarethatforsomewivesitwouldbeatotalimpossibilitytoreturnafterthewaythey’vebeentreated./WhenherhusbandlefthomeEileenDoyle______.
Thetraincametoanabruptstopmakinguswonderwherewewere.
SexChangeSurgeryGuidelinesDraftedChinaissetto51itsfirstclinicalguidelineonsex-changesurgeryaccordingtoanoticeputonthewebsiteoftheMinistryofHealthyesterday.Theministryisnowsolicitingpublicandprofessionalopinionsonthedraftguideline.Thecomingguidelineaimstoregulateandstandardizesexreassignmentsurgerypartofatreatmentforgenderidentitydisorderintranssexuals.Experts52nearly2000Chinesehaveundergonesex-changesurgerywhile100000to400000arestillconsideringit.Howevernoofficialnumberisavailable.InthedrafttheMOHsets53criteriaforbothsurgicalcandidatesandmedicalinstitutions.Candidatesforthesurgerymustbeolderthan20andsinglethedraftguidelinesaid.Theyarealsorequiredtoproveapersistentdesireforasexchangetoliveforatleastfiveconsecutiveyearsfull-timeinthenewgenderroleandtoengage54mentaltherapyforatleastoneyear.Beforesurgerycantakeplaceacandidatemustreceivearecommendationfortheoperationfroma55afteranappropriateseriesoftherapysessions.Alsoseverallegalrequirements56bemetbeforetheprocedure.Thecandidatemustprovideprooffrompolicethatheorshehasdoesnothaveanycriminaloffensesinthepast.Policemustalsoagreetochangethesexstatusontheidentitycardofthe57receiverbeforetheoperationcantake58.Theadventofsuchaguideline59toshowthatthegovernmentisconcerned60theneedsofarelativelysmall61ofpeoplewhowanttochangesex.Butdoctorsalsowarnthatallstakeholdersincludingthehospitalandprospectivereceiversshouldbehighlycautiousaboutthissurgery.Theoperationismorethanamedicalproceduredue62itshugesocialandlegalconsequences.Doctorsshouldmakeitcleartothose63sex-changesurgeriesthattheoptionalwaysremainstocontinuetoliveintheoriginalrole.Theguidelinerequiressurgeonstotellpatientsaboutotheroptions64hormonetherapy.Theyarealsorequiredtoexplaintherisksinvolvedandunderlyingsocialbarriersincludingdiscriminationandadministrativerecognitionandapproval.Forthecandidatesthesurgeryitselfisnotthebigissue65thelongrun.Therealissueisthekindoflifeheorshewillhavetoleadafterward.
ShopliftersMostshoplifters商店扒手agreethattheJanuarysalesofferwonderfulopportunitiesforthehard-workingthief.Withtheshopssocrowdedandthestaffsobusyitdoesnotrequireanyextraordinarytalenttohelpyoutotakeoneortwolittlethingsandescapeunnoticed.Itisknowninthebusinessashoisting.Butthehoistinggameisnotwhatitusedtobe.Evenattheheightofthesalesshoplifterstodayneverknowiftheyarebeingwatchedbyoneofthoseevillittleballsthathangfromtheceilingsofsomanydepartmentstoresabovethemostdesirablegoods.Asifthatwasnottroubleenoughforthemtheycannowbefilmedatworkandobligedtoattendashowingoftheirperformanceincourt.SelfridgeswasthefirstbigLondonstoretoinstallclosed-circuitvideotapeequipmenttowatchitssalesfloors.InOctoberlastyearthestorewonitsfirstcourtcaseforshopliftingusingaevidenceavideotapeclearlyshowingacouplestealingdresses.Itwasanimportanttestcasewhichencouragedotherstorestoinstallsimilarequipment.Whentheballscalledsputniksfirstmakeanappearanceinshopsitwaswidelybelievedthattheironlyfunctionwastofrightenshoplifters.Theirsomewhatridiculousappearancesthecuriousholesandredlightsgoingonandoffcertainlymakethetheorybelievable.Itdidnottakelonghoweverforseriousshoplifterstostartshowingsuitablerespect.SoonaftertheequipmentwasinoperationatSelfridgesstoredetectiveBrianChadwickwassittinginthecontrolroomwatchingawomansecretlyputtingbottlesofperfumeintoherbag.AssheturnedtogoChadwickrecalledshesuddenlylookedupatthe’sputnik’andstopped.ShecouldnotpossiblyhaveseenthatthecamerawastrainedonherbecauseitiscompletelyhiddenbutshemusthavehadafeelingthatIwaslookingather.Foramomentshepausedbutthenshereturnedtocounterandstartedputtingeverythingback.Whenshehadfinishedsheopenedherbagtowardsthecameratoshowitwasemptyandhurriedoutofthestore./Thewoman’sactionbeforeleavingthestoreshowsthatshe______.
Itispostulatedthatpopulationtrendshaveaneffectoneconomicfluctuations.
SharkThelargestsharkknowntousMegalodonisextinct.OrisitCarcharodonMegalodoncommonlyknownasMegalodonisbelievedtohavelivedbetween1millionand5millionyearsagoandthoughttohavebeen52feetlong.Itisorwasasharkthathadajaw7ormorefeetwide.Fairlyrecentlytherehasbeensomespeculationaboutwhetheritisextinctorjustoutofreach.ButfewpeoplebelievethatMegalodonhasfoundahomedeepintheocean.TherearemanyknownLivingFossils:CoelacanthSeaCucumbersSeaUrchinsLobstersSeaStars.Thecommononeslikelobstersandseaurchinsarenotreallylookedonasanythingamazing.They’vebeenaroundforthousandsofyearsormoreandareeasilyaccessibletous.Whatiftheyweren’taccessibleandyetstillexistedWewouldlabelthemextinct.ThediscoveryofaliveCoelacanthafishlongbelievedextinctchallengedsomescientists’long-heldbeliefsonextinction.Therehavebeenrecentdiscoveriesofincrediblylargesquidanddeep-seafishneverbeforeseenbyscientists.Inthe1960stheU.S.NavysetupunderwatermicrophonesaroundtheworldtotrackSovietsubmarines.ThenetworkknownastheSoundSurveillanceSystemstillliesdeepbelowtheocean’ssurfaceinalayerofwaterknownasthedeepsoundchannel.Thetemperatureandpressureofthechannelallowsoundwavestotravelundisturbed.NOAA’sAcousticMonitoringProjecthasbeenusingtheSoundSurveillanceSystemtolistenforchangesinoceanstructurelikeoceancurrentsorvolcanicactivity.Mostofthesoundsrecordedarecommonandofnoconcern.Onesoundidentifiedin1977byU.S.Navyspysensorswasodd.Itwasobviouslyamarineanimalbutthecallwasmorepowerfulthananyofthecallsmadebyanyotherreportedseacreature.Itwastoobigforawhale.Coulditbeadeep-seamonsterOnepossibilitywasagiantsquidbutnooneissure.ItwasnamedBloop.CoulditbeMegalodonIfMegalodonisstillalivedowninthebottomoftheoceanwemaysomedaysoondiscoverit.ThenwhatDeepseadivingwillneverbethesamethat’sforsure!Whatwasspecialintheirrecordedsounds
SexChangeSurgeryGuidelinesDraftedChinaissetto51itsfirstclinicalguidelineonsex-changesurgeryaccordingtoanoticeputonthewebsiteoftheMinistryofHealthyesterday.Theministryisnowsolicitingpublicandprofessionalopinionsonthedraftguideline.Thecomingguidelineaimstoregulateandstandardizesexreassignmentsurgerypartofatreatmentforgenderidentitydisorderintranssexuals.Experts52nearly2000Chinesehaveundergonesex-changesurgerywhile100000to400000arestillconsideringit.Howevernoofficialnumberisavailable.InthedrafttheMOHsets53criteriaforbothsurgicalcandidatesandmedicalinstitutions.Candidatesforthesurgerymustbeolderthan20andsinglethedraftguidelinesaid.Theyarealsorequiredtoproveapersistentdesireforasexchangetoliveforatleastfiveconsecutiveyearsfull-timeinthenewgenderroleandtoengage54mentaltherapyforatleastoneyear.Beforesurgerycantakeplaceacandidatemustreceivearecommendationfortheoperationfroma55afteranappropriateseriesoftherapysessions.Alsoseverallegalrequirements56bemetbeforetheprocedure.Thecandidatemustprovideprooffrompolicethatheorshehasdoesnothaveanycriminaloffensesinthepast.Policemustalsoagreetochangethesexstatusontheidentitycardofthe57receiverbeforetheoperationcantake58.Theadventofsuchaguideline59toshowthatthegovernmentisconcerned60theneedsofarelativelysmall61ofpeoplewhowanttochangesex.Butdoctorsalsowarnthatallstakeholdersincludingthehospitalandprospectivereceiversshouldbehighlycautiousaboutthissurgery.Theoperationismorethanamedicalproceduredue62itshugesocialandlegalconsequences.Doctorsshouldmakeitcleartothose63sex-changesurgeriesthattheoptionalwaysremainstocontinuetoliveintheoriginalrole.Theguidelinerequiressurgeonstotellpatientsaboutotheroptions64hormonetherapy.Theyarealsorequiredtoexplaintherisksinvolvedandunderlyingsocialbarriersincludingdiscriminationandadministrativerecognitionandapproval.Forthecandidatesthesurgeryitselfisnotthebigissue65thelongrun.Therealissueisthekindoflifeheorshewillhavetoleadafterward.
MarriageSixteenyearsagoEileenDoyle’shusbandanengineertookhisfourchildrenupforanearlymorningcupofteapackedasmallcaseandwasneverseenorheardofagain.Eileenwasastonishedandinastateofdespair.Theyhadbeenahappyfamilyandasfarassheknewtherehadbeennothingwrongwiththeirmarriage.Everydayoftheyearasmallgroupofmenandwomenquietlypackafewbelongingsandwithoutsomuchasanoteoragood-byeclosethefrontdoorforthelasttimeleavingtheirdebtstheirworriesandtheirconfusedfamiliesbehindthem.Lastyearmorethan1200menandnearlyasmanywomenwerereportedmissingfromhome—thehighestin15years.Manydidreturnhomewithinayearbutothersrejectedthepastcompletelyandarenowlivinganewlifesomewhereunderadifferentidentity.Tothoseleftbehindthisformofdesertionisaterribleblowtotheirprideandself-confidence.Eventhefinalityofdeathmightbepreferable.Atleastitdoesnotimplyrejectionorfailure.Worsethanthatpeoplecanbeleftwithanunfinishedmarriagenotknowingwhethertheywillhavetowaitsevenyearsbeforetheyarefreetostartafreshlife.ClinicalpsychologistPaulBrownbelievesmostdeparturesofthiskindtobewellplannedratherthanimpulsive.It’stypicalofthekindofpersonalitywhichseemsabletoignoreotherpeople’spainanddifficulties.Runningawaylikekillingyourselfisahighlyaggressiveact.Bycreatinganabsencethepeopleleftbehindfeelguiltyupsetandempty.TheSalvationArmy’sInvestigationDepartmenthasa70percentsuccessrateintrackingmissingpeopledown.AccordingtoLt.Co.BramwellPrattheadofthedepartmentmenandwomenrunawayforverydifferentreasonsthoughlackofcommunicationisoftenthebiggestmotive.Thethingsthatdisturbaman’spersonalityareproblemslikebeingtiedupindebtorseriousworriesaboutwork.Andsomewomenmakeimpossibledemandsontheirhusbands.Womenusuallyleaveformoreobviousreasonsbutfearisattherootofit.Menaremoreoftenpreparedtogivetheirmarriageanothertrythanwomenbutweareawarethatforsomewivesitwouldbeatotalimpossibilitytoreturnafterthewaythey’vebeentreated./TheSalvationArmybelievesthat______.
HowWeFormFirstImpression.1Weallhavefirstimpressionofsomeonewejustmet.Butwhydoweformanopinionaboutsomeonewithoutreallyknowinganythingabouthimorherasideperhapsfromafewremarksorreadilyobservabletraits.2Theanswerisrelatedtohowyourbrainallowsyoutobeawareoftheworld.Yourbrainissosensitiveinpickingupfacialtraitsevenveryminordifferenceinhowaperson’seyesearsnoseormouthareplacedinrelationtoeachothermakeyouseahimorherasdifferent.Infactyourbraincontinuouslyprocessesincomingsensoryinformationthesightsandsoundsofyourworld.Theseincomingsignalsarecomparedagainstahostofmemoriesstoredinthebrainareascalledthecortexsystemtodeterminewhatthesenewsignalsmean.3Ifyouseesomeoneyouknowandlikeatschoolyourbrainsaysfamiliarandsafe.Ifyouseesomeonenewitsaysnewpotentiallythreatening.Thenyourbrainstartsmatchfeaturesofthisstrangerwithotherknownmemories.Theheightweightdressethnicitygesturesandtoneofvoiceareallmatchedup.ThemoreunfamiliarthecharacteristicsthemoreyourbrainmaysayThisisnew.Idon’tlikethisperson.Orelse’Tmintrigued.Oryourbrainmayperceiveanewfacebutfamiliarclothesethnicitygestureslikeyourotherfriends;soyourbrainsays:Ilikethisperson.Butthesepreliminaryimpressionscanbedeadwrong.4Whenwestereotypepeopleweusealessmatureformofthinkingnotunliketheimmaturethinkingofaveryyoungchildthatmakessimplisticandcategoricalimpressionsofothers.Ratherthanlearnaboutthedepthandbreadthofpeople--theirhistoryinterestvaluesstrengthsandtruecharacterwecategorizethemasjocksgeeksorfreaks.5Howeverifweresistinitialstereotypicalimpressionswehaveachancetobeawareofwhatapersonistrulylike.Ifwespend-timewithapersonhearabouthisorherlifehopesdreamsandbecomeawareoftheperson’scharacterweuseadifferentmorematurestyleofthinkingandthemostcomplexareasofourcortexwhichallowustobehumane.AWaysofDeparturefromImmatureandSimplisticImpressionsBCommentonFirstimpressionCIllustrationofFirstImpressionDComparingIncomingSensoryInformationAgainstMemoriesEThreateningAspectofFirstImpressionsFDifferencesAmongJocksGeeksandFreaksParagraph4______
PlantsandMankindBotany植物学thestudyofplantsoccupiesapeculiarpositioninthehistoryofhumanknowledge.Wedon’tknowwhatourStoneAgeancestorsknewaboutplantsbutfromwhatwecanobserveofpre-industrialsocietiesthatstillexistadetailedlearningofplantsandtheirpropertiesmustbeextremelyancient.Theyhavealwaysbeenenormouslyimportanttothewelfareofpeoplenotonlyforfoodbutalsoforclothingweaponstoolsdyesnaedicinesshelterandmanyotherpurposes.TribeslivingtodayinthejungleoftheAmazonrecognizehundredsofplantsandknowmanypropertiesofeach.Tothembotanyhasnonameandisprobablynotevenrecognizedasaspecialbranchofknowledgeatall.Unfortunatelythemoreindustrializedwebecomethefartherawaywemovefromdirectcontactwithplants.Andthelessdistinctourknowledgeofbotanygrows.Yeteveryonecomesunconsciouslyonanamazingamountofbotanicalknowledgeandfewpeoplewillfailtorecognizearoseanappleoranorchid.WhenourNeolithicancestorslivingintheMiddleEastabout10000yearsagodiscoveredthatcertaingrassescouldbeharvestedandtheirseedsplantedforricheryieldsthenextseasonthefirstgreatstepinanewassociationofplantsandhumanswastaken.Grainswerediscoveredandfromthemflewthemarvelofagriculture:cultivatedcrops.Fromthenonhumanswouldincreasinglytaketheirlivingfromthecontrolledproductionofafewplantsratherthangettingalittlehereandalittletherefrommanyvarietiesthatgrewwildandtheaccumulatedknowledgeoftensofthousandsofyearsofexperienceandintimacywithplantsinthewildwouldbegintofadeaway.Ourdirectcontactwithplantsgrowswiththeprocessofindustrialization.
Aastranger’slessmaturetypeofthinkingBtheMostcomplexareasofourcortexCtheimmatureformofthinkingofaveryyoungchildDtiremeaningofincomingsensoryinformationEthesightsandsoundsoftheworldFanopportunitytoanalyzedifferentformsofthinkingThewaywestereotypepeopleisaJessmatureformofthinkingwhichissimilarto______.
Shehasprovedthatshecanbereliedoninacrisis.
ShopliftersMostshoplifters商店扒手agreethattheJanuarysalesofferwonderfulopportunitiesforthehard-workingthief.Withtheshopssocrowdedandthestaffsobusyitdoesnotrequireanyextraordinarytalenttohelpyoutotakeoneortwolittlethingsandescapeunnoticed.Itisknowninthebusinessashoisting.Butthehoistinggameisnotwhatitusedtobe.Evenattheheightofthesalesshoplifterstodayneverknowiftheyarebeingwatchedbyoneofthoseevillittleballsthathangfromtheceilingsofsomanydepartmentstoresabovethemostdesirablegoods.Asifthatwasnottroubleenoughforthemtheycannowbefilmedatworkandobligedtoattendashowingoftheirperformanceincourt.SelfridgeswasthefirstbigLondonstoretoinstallclosed-circuitvideotapeequipmenttowatchitssalesfloors.InOctoberlastyearthestorewonitsfirstcourtcaseforshopliftingusingaevidenceavideotapeclearlyshowingacouplestealingdresses.Itwasanimportanttestcasewhichencouragedotherstorestoinstallsimilarequipment.Whentheballscalledsputniksfirstmakeanappearanceinshopsitwaswidelybelievedthattheironlyfunctionwastofrightenshoplifters.Theirsomewhatridiculousappearancesthecuriousholesandredlightsgoingonandoffcertainlymakethetheorybelievable.Itdidnottakelonghoweverforseriousshoplifterstostartshowingsuitablerespect.SoonaftertheequipmentwasinoperationatSelfridgesstoredetectiveBrianChadwickwassittinginthecontrolroomwatchingawomansecretlyputtingbottlesofperfumeintoherbag.AssheturnedtogoChadwickrecalledshesuddenlylookedupatthe’sputnik’andstopped.ShecouldnotpossiblyhaveseenthatthecamerawastrainedonherbecauseitiscompletelyhiddenbutshemusthavehadafeelingthatIwaslookingather.Foramomentshepausedbutthenshereturnedtocounterandstartedputtingeverythingback.Whenshehadfinishedsheopenedherbagtowardsthecameratoshowitwasemptyandhurriedoutofthestore./ThecaselastOctoberwasimportantbecause______.
SexChangeSurgeryGuidelinesDraftedChinaissetto51itsfirstclinicalguidelineonsex-changesurgeryaccordingtoanoticeputonthewebsiteoftheMinistryofHealthyesterday.Theministryisnowsolicitingpublicandprofessionalopinionsonthedraftguideline.Thecomingguidelineaimstoregulateandstandardizesexreassignmentsurgerypartofatreatmentforgenderidentitydisorderintranssexuals.Experts52nearly2000Chinesehaveundergonesex-changesurgerywhile100000to400000arestillconsideringit.Howevernoofficialnumberisavailable.InthedrafttheMOHsets53criteriaforbothsurgicalcandidatesandmedicalinstitutions.Candidatesforthesurgerymustbeolderthan20andsinglethedraftguidelinesaid.Theyarealsorequiredtoproveapersistentdesireforasexchangetoliveforatleastfiveconsecutiveyearsfull-timeinthenewgenderroleandtoengage54mentaltherapyforatleastoneyear.Beforesurgerycantakeplaceacandidatemustreceivearecommendationfortheoperationfroma55afteranappropriateseriesoftherapysessions.Alsoseverallegalrequirements56bemetbeforetheprocedure.Thecandidatemustprovideprooffrompolicethatheorshehasdoesnothaveanycriminaloffensesinthepast.Policemustalsoagreetochangethesexstatusontheidentitycardofthe57receiverbeforetheoperationcantake58.Theadventofsuchaguideline59toshowthatthegovernmentisconcerned60theneedsofarelativelysmall61ofpeoplewhowanttochangesex.Butdoctorsalsowarnthatallstakeholdersincludingthehospitalandprospectivereceiversshouldbehighlycautiousaboutthissurgery.Theoperationismorethanamedicalproceduredue62itshugesocialandlegalconsequences.Doctorsshouldmakeitcleartothose63sex-changesurgeriesthattheoptionalwaysremainstocontinuetoliveintheoriginalrole.Theguidelinerequiressurgeonstotellpatientsaboutotheroptions64hormonetherapy.Theyarealsorequiredtoexplaintherisksinvolvedandunderlyingsocialbarriersincludingdiscriminationandadministrativerecognitionandapproval.Forthecandidatesthesurgeryitselfisnotthebigissue65thelongrun.Therealissueisthekindoflifeheorshewillhavetoleadafterward.
PlantsandMankindBotany植物学thestudyofplantsoccupiesapeculiarpositioninthehistoryofhumanknowledge.Wedon’tknowwhatourStoneAgeancestorsknewaboutplantsbutfromwhatwecanobserveofpre-industrialsocietiesthatstillexistadetailedlearningofplantsandtheirpropertiesmustbeextremelyancient.Theyhavealwaysbeenenormouslyimportanttothewelfareofpeoplenotonlyforfoodbutalsoforclothingweaponstoolsdyesnaedicinesshelterandmanyotherpurposes.TribeslivingtodayinthejungleoftheAmazonrecognizehundredsofplantsandknowmanypropertiesofeach.Tothembotanyhasnonameandisprobablynotevenrecognizedasaspecialbranchofknowledgeatall.Unfortunatelythemoreindustrializedwebecomethefartherawaywemovefromdirectcontactwithplants.Andthelessdistinctourknowledgeofbotanygrows.Yeteveryonecomesunconsciouslyonanamazingamountofbotanicalknowledgeandfewpeoplewillfailtorecognizearoseanappleoranorchid.WhenourNeolithicancestorslivingintheMiddleEastabout10000yearsagodiscoveredthatcertaingrassescouldbeharvestedandtheirseedsplantedforricheryieldsthenextseasonthefirstgreatstepinanewassociationofplantsandhumanswastaken.Grainswerediscoveredandfromthemflewthemarvelofagriculture:cultivatedcrops.Fromthenonhumanswouldincreasinglytaketheirlivingfromthecontrolledproductionofafewplantsratherthangettingalittlehereandalittletherefrommanyvarietiesthatgrewwildandtheaccumulatedknowledgeoftensofthousandsofyearsofexperienceandintimacywithplantsinthewildwouldbegintofadeaway.PeoplelivingintheMiddleEastfirstlearnedtogrowplantsforfoodabout10000yearsago.
SexChangeSurgeryGuidelinesDraftedChinaissetto51itsfirstclinicalguidelineonsex-changesurgeryaccordingtoanoticeputonthewebsiteoftheMinistryofHealthyesterday.Theministryisnowsolicitingpublicandprofessionalopinionsonthedraftguideline.Thecomingguidelineaimstoregulateandstandardizesexreassignmentsurgerypartofatreatmentforgenderidentitydisorderintranssexuals.Experts52nearly2000Chinesehaveundergonesex-changesurgerywhile100000to400000arestillconsideringit.Howevernoofficialnumberisavailable.InthedrafttheMOHsets53criteriaforbothsurgicalcandidatesandmedicalinstitutions.Candidatesforthesurgerymustbeolderthan20andsinglethedraftguidelinesaid.Theyarealsorequiredtoproveapersistentdesireforasexchangetoliveforatleastfiveconsecutiveyearsfull-timeinthenewgenderroleandtoengage54mentaltherapyforatleastoneyear.Beforesurgerycantakeplaceacandidatemustreceivearecommendationfortheoperationfroma55afteranappropriateseriesoftherapysessions.Alsoseverallegalrequirements56bemetbeforetheprocedure.Thecandidatemustprovideprooffrompolicethatheorshehasdoesnothaveanycriminaloffensesinthepast.Policemustalsoagreetochangethesexstatusontheidentitycardofthe57receiverbeforetheoperationcantake58.Theadventofsuchaguideline59toshowthatthegovernmentisconcerned60theneedsofarelativelysmall61ofpeoplewhowanttochangesex.Butdoctorsalsowarnthatallstakeholdersincludingthehospitalandprospectivereceiversshouldbehighlycautiousaboutthissurgery.Theoperationismorethanamedicalproceduredue62itshugesocialandlegalconsequences.Doctorsshouldmakeitcleartothose63sex-changesurgeriesthattheoptionalwaysremainstocontinuetoliveintheoriginalrole.Theguidelinerequiressurgeonstotellpatientsaboutotheroptions64hormonetherapy.Theyarealsorequiredtoexplaintherisksinvolvedandunderlyingsocialbarriersincludingdiscriminationandadministrativerecognitionandapproval.Forthecandidatesthesurgeryitselfisnotthebigissue65thelongrun.Therealissueisthekindoflifeheorshewillhavetoleadafterward.
ShopliftersMostshoplifters商店扒手agreethattheJanuarysalesofferwonderfulopportunitiesforthehard-workingthief.Withtheshopssocrowdedandthestaffsobusyitdoesnotrequireanyextraordinarytalenttohelpyoutotakeoneortwolittlethingsandescapeunnoticed.Itisknowninthebusinessashoisting.Butthehoistinggameisnotwhatitusedtobe.Evenattheheightofthesalesshoplifterstodayneverknowiftheyarebeingwatchedbyoneofthoseevillittleballsthathangfromtheceilingsofsomanydepartmentstoresabovethemostdesirablegoods.Asifthatwasnottroubleenoughforthemtheycannowbefilmedatworkandobligedtoattendashowingoftheirperformanceincourt.SelfridgeswasthefirstbigLondonstoretoinstallclosed-circuitvideotapeequipmenttowatchitssalesfloors.InOctoberlastyearthestorewonitsfirstcourtcaseforshopliftingusingaevidenceavideotapeclearlyshowingacouplestealingdresses.Itwasanimportanttestcasewhichencouragedotherstorestoinstallsimilarequipment.Whentheballscalledsputniksfirstmakeanappearanceinshopsitwaswidelybelievedthattheironlyfunctionwastofrightenshoplifters.Theirsomewhatridiculousappearancesthecuriousholesandredlightsgoingonandoffcertainlymakethetheorybelievable.Itdidnottakelonghoweverforseriousshoplifterstostartshowingsuitablerespect.SoonaftertheequipmentwasinoperationatSelfridgesstoredetectiveBrianChadwickwassittinginthecontrolroomwatchingawomansecretlyputtingbottlesofperfumeintoherbag.AssheturnedtogoChadwickrecalledshesuddenlylookedupatthe’sputnik’andstopped.ShecouldnotpossiblyhaveseenthatthecamerawastrainedonherbecauseitiscompletelyhiddenbutshemusthavehadafeelingthatIwaslookingather.Foramomentshepausedbutthenshereturnedtocounterandstartedputtingeverythingback.Whenshehadfinishedsheopenedherbagtowardsthecameratoshowitwasemptyandhurriedoutofthestore./Januaryisagoodmonthforshopliftersbecause______.
TheWorld’sLongestBridgeRumorhasitthatalegendarysix-headedmonsterlurksintiledeepwatersoftheTyrrhenianSeabetweenItalyandtheislandofSicily.46.Whencompletedin2010theworld’slongestbridgewillweighnearly300000tansequivalenttotheicebergthatsanktheTitanicandstretch5kilometerslong.That’snearly50percentlongerthananyotherbridgeeverbuiltsaysstructuralengineerShaneRixon.47.They’resuspensionbridgesmassivestructuresbuilttospanvastwaterchannelsorgorges.Asuspensionbridgeneedsjusttwotowerstoshoulderthestructure’smammothweightthankstoheftysupportingcablesslungbetweenthetowersandanchoredfirmlyindeeppoolsofcementateachendofthebridge.TheMessingStraitBridgewillhavetwo54100-tontowerswhichwillsupportmostofthebridge’sload.Thebeefycablesofthebridgeeach1.2meterindiameterwillholdupthelongestandwidestbridgedeckeverbuilt.WhenconstructionbeginsontheMessinastraitBridgein2005thefirstjobwillbetoerecttwo370-meter-tallsteeltowers.48.Gettingthesecablesupwillbesomething.It’snotjusttheirlengthtotally5.3kilometersbuttheirweight.49Afterloweringverticalsuspendercablesfromthemaincablesbuilderswillerecta60-meter-wide54630-tonsteelroadwayordeckwideenoughtoaccommodate12lanesoftraffic.Thedeck’sweightwillpulldownonthecableswithaforceof70500tons.Inreturnthecablesyankupagainsttheirfirmlyrootedanchorswithaforceof139000tonsequivalenttotheweightofabout100000cars.Thoseanchorsareessential.50A.Someenvironmentalistsareagainsttheprojectonbiologicalgrounds.B.Whatdotheworld’slongestbridgeshaveincommonC.Iftrueonedayyoumightspythebeastwhilezipping呼啸而过acrosstheMessinaStraitBridge.D.They’rewhatwillkeepthebridgefromgoinganywhere.E.Thesecondjobwillbetopulltwosetsofsteelcablesacrossthestraitseachsetbeingabundleof44352individualsteelwires.F.Theywilltipupthescalesat166500tonsmorethanhalfthebridge’stotalmass.
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