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普济消毒饮的组成是
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以下方剂组成中不含有连翘薄荷的是
凉膈散
银翘散
桑菊饮
普济消毒饮
仙方活命饮
温病条辨中提出温毒见咽痛喉肿耳前耳后肿颊肿面正赤治疗当用
普济消毒饮去元参、板蓝根
普济消毒饮去柴胡、升麻
普济消毒饮加大黄
普济消毒饮加重黄芩、黄连
普济消毒饮去马勃、僵蚕
下列方剂组成中不含有连翘薄荷的是
银翘散
桑菊饮
凉膈散
普济消毒饮
仙方活命饮
仙方活命饮与普济消毒饮均是清热解毒的方剂但仙方活命饮用治普济消毒饮用治
下列哪个方剂组成中没有石膏
清瘟败毒饮
普济消毒饮
清燥救肺汤
宣白承气汤
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InOctober2002GoldmanSachsandDeutscheBank1anewelectronicmarketwww.gs.com/econderivsforeconomicindicesthat2substantialeconomicriskssuchasnonfarmpayrollameasureofjobavailabilityandretailsales.Thisnewmarketwasmadepossiblebya3tradingtechnologydevelopedbyLongitudeaNewYorkcompanyprovidingsoftwareforfinancialmarkets4theParimutuelDigitalCallAuction.Thisis"digital"5ofadigitaloption:ieitpaysoutonlyifanunderlyingindexliesinanarrowdiscreterange.IneffectLongitudehascreatedahorseracewhereeach"horse"winsifand6thespecifiedindexfallsinaspecifiedrange.Bycreatinghorsesforeverypossible7oftheindexandallowingpeopletobet8anynumberofrunnersthecompanyhasproducedaliquidintegratedelectronicmarketforawidearrayofoptionsoneconomicindices. Tenyearsagoitwas9impossibletomakeuseofelectronicinformationabouthomevalues.Nowmortgagelendershaveonlineautomatedvaluationmodelsthatallowthemtoestimatevaluesandto10theriskintheirportfolios.Thishasledtoaproliferationoftypesofhomeloansomeof11haveimprovedrisk-managementcharacteristics. Wearealsobeginningtoseenewkindsof12forhomeswhichwillmakeitpossibletoprotectthevalueof13formostpeopleisthesinglemostimportant14oftheirwealth.TheYaleUniversity-NeighbourhoodReinvestmentCorporationprogramme15lastyearinthecityofSyracuseinNewYorkStatemaybeamodelforhome-equityinsurancepoliciesthat16sophisticatedeconomicindicesofhousepricestodefinethe17ofthepolicy.ElectronicfuturesmarketsthatarebasedoneconometricindicesofhousepricesbycityalreadybegunbyCityIndexandIGIndexinBritainandnow18developedintheUnitedStateswillenablehome-equityinsurerstohedgetherisksthattheyacquirebywritingthesepolicies. Theseexamplesarenotimpressivesuccessesyet.Butthey19asearlyprecursorsofatechnologythatshouldonedayhelpustodealwiththemassiverisksofinequalitythat20willbesetusincomingyears. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.19
Britain’sbosseswouldhaveyoubelievethatbusinessinBritainisgroaningunderredtapeandpunitivetaxlevelsinhibitingenterpriseandputtingBritishfirmsatadisadvantagecomparedwithoverseascompetitors. AsusualrealitypaintsafardifferentpicturefromthetawdryimagescrawledbytheCBIandToryfrontbenchers.NotonlydoBritishbusinessespaylowerlevelsofcorporationtaxthantheircounterpartsabroadbuttheybenefitfromthemostsavagelegalhamstringingoftradeunionism. ButboardroomfatcatsinBritainhaveonefurtheradvantageovertheircompetitorswhichistheirtotalinabilitytofeelanysenseofshame. Therelativelypoorperformancesincethe1990sofpensioninvestmentfundsoverseenbythetopcompaniesthemselveshasbroughtaboutawide-rangingcullofoccupationalpensionschemes.Finalsalaryschemeshavebeenaxedinfavourofmoneypurchaseorhavebeenbarredtonewemployeesandinmanycompaniesstaffhavebeentoldthattheywillhavetoincreasepensionsfundpaymentstoensurepreviouslyguaranteedbenefits. Atatimewhenthegovernmenthasbeendeliberatelyrunningdownthevalueofthestateretirementpensionanddrivingpensionerstowardsmeans-testedbenefitstheincreasinglyshakynatureofoccupationalschemeshasbroughtabouthigherlevelsofinsecurityamongworkingpeople. Howeverit’snotalldoomandgloom.Thereisasilverlining. Unfortunatelythatsilverliningdoesn’tshinetoobrightlyoutsidethecorridorsofcorporatepowerwheredirectorsaredoingwhattheyarebestat--lookingafternumberone.Bossesarenotonlyslurpinguphugesalarieseach-waybonusesandgoldenparachutes.TheyhavealsoasTUCgeneralsecretaryBrendanBarbersaysgot"theirsnoutsinapensionstrough." Ifhavingcontributionsworthone-thirtiethoftheirsalaryeachyearpaidintoapensionschemeisgoodenoughfordirectorswhydomostworkersonlyreceiveone-sixtiethAndifcompaniesonlydonate6percentofanemployee’ssalaryformoneypurchaseschemeswhydotheygive20～30percentfordirectors’schemes TheanswerwhichwillbenosecrettomanytradeUnionistsisthatweliveinaclassdividedsocietyinwhichbigbusinessandtherichcalltheshots. TheChildPovertyActionGrouprevelationthatBritainalsohastheworstregionalsocialinequalityintheindustrialisedworld--secondonlytoMexico--illustrateshowfatuousareclaimsthatthiscountryenjoyssocialjusticeandopportunitiesforall.ThestarkfactsofinequalityBasedonclassgenderageandracethatareoutlinedintheCPAGPovertybookoughttodictateanewgovernmentapproachtotacklingpoverty. InequalityandpovertycannotbetackledbyallowingBigbusinessandtherichtododgetheirresponsibilitiestosocietyandtousetheirpositionsofpowertoseizethelion’sshare. Thetradeunionistsseemtobeonthesideof
Directions: Youaregoingtoreadatextoftipsoninterviewfollowedbyalistofexplanationsorexamples.Choosethebestexplanation/examplefromthelistA--Fforeachnumberedsubheading41--45.Thereisoneextraexplanation/examplewhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheet1. Attirebodylanguageandmannerscountduringinterviews.Afterallinterviewersareregularpeopleliketherestofuseasilyimpressedbygoodbehaviorandjustaseasilyoffendedbyinappropriatebehavior.Yetsurveysshowthatjobcandidates’interviewmannersandotherprofessionalismsareonthedecline. Onthenextpagesaretipsforactingprofessionallybeforeduringandafterinterviewstoavoidoffendinginterviewersandincreaseyourchancesoflandingajob.Formoreinterviewtipsandotherjob-searchinghelpclickonthelinksinthesidebarunderRelatedResources.TheseinterviewtipsarebasedongoodmannersintheUnitedStates.Goodmannersareappreciatedeverywherebutwhatconstitutesthenmaydifferamongothercountries. 41.Doyourhomework: Researchthecompanyandstudythejobdescriptionbeforeyouinterviewasyourinterviewerwilllikelyaskwhatyouknowaboutthecompanyandwhyyouwantthejob. 42.Getyourpersonalpapersready: Collectandneatlyarrangeyourimportantpapersandworksamplesinanicebriefcaseorportfolio. Dressappropriately: Practicegoodhygienecomborbrushyourhairanddressappropriately.Evenifyouknowthatthecompanydressisbusiness-casualdressupanyway.Itshowsprofessionalismandrespectandmostimportantlythatyouknowhowtodressforinterviews. 43.Bepunctual: Unlessotherwiseinstructede.g.tofilloutajobapplicationarrivefivetotenminutesearlyfortheinterview; Sitwithgoodpasture: Ifyoudon’tknowwhattodowithyourhandskeepthemfoldedinyourlap.Thisisanotherindicationofgoodmanners.Avoidcrossingyourarmsoveryourchestyasitsubliminallydemonstratesaclosedmindtosome. 44.Readthemood: 45.Maintaineyecontact: Maintaineyecontactwiththeinterviewer. It’sokaytoaskquestionstobetteranswerthequestionstheinterviewerasksyou.Butwithholdthebulkofyourquestionsuntiltheinterviewerasksifyouhaveanywhichistypicallytowardtheendoftheinterview.Avoidaskingthefrivolousjustbecauseinterviewersexpectyoutohavequestions.Insteadaskaboutimportantmatterssuchasjobdutiesmanagementstyleandthefinancialhealthofthecompany.It’snotagoodideatoaskquestionsaboutvacationsickdayslunchbreaksandsoonrightoffthebat.Askaboutthelessermattersofimportanceduringfollow-upinterviews. Typicallyyou’llnegotiatesalarybenefitsperksandsuchinafollow-upinterview.Regardlessdon’tbringitupuntilaskedyetbereadytodiscussitatanytime. A.Thismakesyoulookorganizedandprofessional.Remembertopackrelevantdocumentssuchasextraresumesandreferencelistsimmigrantwork-authorizationpaperslettersofrecommendationandinformationrequiredonjobapplications.Bringatleastonepenandpencilandanotepadtoo. B.Iftheinterviewerisformalthenyouprobablyshouldbetoo.Iftheintervieweriscasualthenfollowalongwhileremainingcourteousandprofessional.Ineithercasetrytoappeartoberelaxedbutnottoorelaxed.It’snotagoodideatoputyourfeetupontheinterviewer’sdesk! C.Avoidstaringoryoumightmaketheintervieweruncomfortablebutdon’tlookawaytooofteneither.Tosomefailuretomaintainacomfortablelevelofeyecontactindicatesthatyouarelyingreachingforanswersorlackingconfidence. D.Italsohelpsyoutoformulatequestionsaboutthecompanyandjob.Interviewerstypicallyexpectyoutoasksuchquestions. E.Ifit’spossiblewithoutmakingacommotionscootyourchairalittleclosertotheinterviewer’sdeskortakethechairclosettothedesklikeyou’rereadytodiverightin.Thisshowsinterestandconfidence.Butdon’tinvadetheinterviewer’spersonalspaceaperimeterofabouttwofeetbyU.8.standards. F.Thisshowsthatyouareeagerandpunctual.Ifyou’renotatleastfiveminutesearlyforaninterviewyou’refiveminuteslate!Butdon’tarrivemorethantenminutesearlyaaitmightbeinconvenientforyourinterviewers.Definitelydon’tbelate! 41
瘰疬的病机与下列哪项有关
败毒散中配伍少量人参的意义在于
患者卒然心腹胀痛痛如锥刺大便不通气急口噤脉象沉实治疗宜选用
InOctober2002GoldmanSachsandDeutscheBank1anewelectronicmarketwww.gs.com/econderivsforeconomicindicesthat2substantialeconomicriskssuchasnonfarmpayrollameasureofjobavailabilityandretailsales.Thisnewmarketwasmadepossiblebya3tradingtechnologydevelopedbyLongitudeaNewYorkcompanyprovidingsoftwareforfinancialmarkets4theParimutuelDigitalCallAuction.Thisis"digital"5ofadigitaloption:ieitpaysoutonlyifanunderlyingindexliesinanarrowdiscreterange.IneffectLongitudehascreatedahorseracewhereeach"horse"winsifand6thespecifiedindexfallsinaspecifiedrange.Bycreatinghorsesforeverypossible7oftheindexandallowingpeopletobet8anynumberofrunnersthecompanyhasproducedaliquidintegratedelectronicmarketforawidearrayofoptionsoneconomicindices. Tenyearsagoitwas9impossibletomakeuseofelectronicinformationabouthomevalues.Nowmortgagelendershaveonlineautomatedvaluationmodelsthatallowthemtoestimatevaluesandto10theriskintheirportfolios.Thishasledtoaproliferationoftypesofhomeloansomeof11haveimprovedrisk-managementcharacteristics. Wearealsobeginningtoseenewkindsof12forhomeswhichwillmakeitpossibletoprotectthevalueof13formostpeopleisthesinglemostimportant14oftheirwealth.TheYaleUniversity-NeighbourhoodReinvestmentCorporationprogramme15lastyearinthecityofSyracuseinNewYorkStatemaybeamodelforhome-equityinsurancepoliciesthat16sophisticatedeconomicindicesofhousepricestodefinethe17ofthepolicy.ElectronicfuturesmarketsthatarebasedoneconometricindicesofhousepricesbycityalreadybegunbyCityIndexandIGIndexinBritainandnow18developedintheUnitedStateswillenablehome-equityinsurerstohedgetherisksthattheyacquirebywritingthesepolicies. Theseexamplesarenotimpressivesuccessesyet.Butthey19asearlyprecursorsofatechnologythatshouldonedayhelpustodealwiththemassiverisksofinequalitythat20willbesetusincomingyears. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.17
寒邪致病症见肢体屈伸不利是由于
绛舌黄白苔的主病是
Successitisoftensaidhasmanyfathers--andoneofthemanyfathersofcomputingthatmostsuccessfulofindustrieswasCharlesBabbagea19th-centuryBritishmathematician.ExasperatedbyerrorsinthemathematicaltablesthatwerewidelyusedascalculationaidsatthetimeBabbagedreamedofbuildingamechanicalenginethatcouldproduceflawlesstablesautomatically.Buthisattemptstomakesuchamachineinthe1920sfailedandthesignificanceofhisworkwasonlyrediscoveredthiscentury. Nextyearatlastthefirstsetofprintedtablesshouldemergefromacalculating"differenceengine"builttoBabbage’sdesign.Babbagewillhavebeenvindicated.Buttherealizationofhisdreamwillalsounderscoretheextenttowhichhewasamanbornaheadofhistime. TheefforttoprovethatBabbage’sdesignswerelogicallyandpracticallysoundbeganin1985whenateamofresearchersattheScienceMuseuminLondonsetouttobuildadifferenceengineintimeforthe200thanniversaryofBabbage’sbirthin1992.Theteamledbythemuseum’scuratorofcomputingDoronSwadeconstructedamonstrousdeviceofbronzeironandsteel.Itwas11feetlongsevenfeettallweighedthreetonscostaround$500000andtookayeartopiecetogether.Anditworkedperfectlycrankingoutsuccessivevaluesofseventh-orderpolynomialequationsto:31significantfigures.Butitwasincomplete.Tosavemoneyanentiresectionofthemachinetheprinterwasomitted. ToBabbagetheprinterwasavitalpartofdesign.Eveniftheengineproducedthecorrectanswerstherewasstilltheriskthatatranscriptionortypesettingerrorwouldresultinthefinishedmathematicaltablesbeinginaccurate.Theonlywaytoguaranteeerror-freetableswastoautomatetheprintingprocessaswell.Sohisplansincludedspecificationsforaprinteralmostascomplicatedasthecalculatingengineitselfwithadjustablemarginstwoseparatefontsandtheabilitytoprintintwothreeorfourcolumns. InJanuaryafteryearsofsearchingforasponsorfortheprintertheScienceMuseumannouncedthatabackerhadbeenfound.NathanMyhrvoldthechieftechnologyofficeratMicrosoftagreedtopayforitsconstructionwhichisexpectedtocost$373000withoneProviso:thattheScienceMuseumteamwouldbuildhimanidenticalcalculatingengineandprintertodecoratehisnewhomeonLakeWashingtonnearSeattle.Constructionoftheprinterwillbegin--infullviewofthepublic--attheScienceMuseumlaterthismonth.Thefullmachinewillbecompletednextyear. ItisaniceironythatBabbage’splansshouldberealizedonlythankstoaninfusionofcashfromamanwhogotrichinthecomputerrevolutionthatBabbagehelpedtofoment.Morestrikingstillevenusing20th-centurymanufacturingtechnologytheenginewillhavecostover$830000tobuild.AllowingforinflationthisisroughlyathirdofwhatitmighthavecosttobuildinBabbage’sday-incontrasttothecostofelectronic-computertechnologywhichhalvesinpriceevery18months.ThatsuggeststhatevenhadBabbagesucceededaVictoriancomputerrevolutionbasedonmechanicaltechnologywouldnotnecessarilyhavefollowed. TheauthorseemstoregardBabbage’sworkwith
病人胸胁疼痛胸闷不舒胸痛如灼或感刺痛呼吸不畅或有闷咳甚则迁延经久不已天阴时更为明显舌黯脉弦治疗宜选
喘证辨证应当首先辨
Directions: Youaregoingtoreadatextoftipsoninterviewfollowedbyalistofexplanationsorexamples.Choosethebestexplanation/examplefromthelistA--Fforeachnumberedsubheading41--45.Thereisoneextraexplanation/examplewhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheet1. Attirebodylanguageandmannerscountduringinterviews.Afterallinterviewersareregularpeopleliketherestofuseasilyimpressedbygoodbehaviorandjustaseasilyoffendedbyinappropriatebehavior.Yetsurveysshowthatjobcandidates’interviewmannersandotherprofessionalismsareonthedecline. Onthenextpagesaretipsforactingprofessionallybeforeduringandafterinterviewstoavoidoffendinginterviewersandincreaseyourchancesoflandingajob.Formoreinterviewtipsandotherjob-searchinghelpclickonthelinksinthesidebarunderRelatedResources.TheseinterviewtipsarebasedongoodmannersintheUnitedStates.Goodmannersareappreciatedeverywherebutwhatconstitutesthenmaydifferamongothercountries. 41.Doyourhomework: Researchthecompanyandstudythejobdescriptionbeforeyouinterviewasyourinterviewerwilllikelyaskwhatyouknowaboutthecompanyandwhyyouwantthejob. 42.Getyourpersonalpapersready: Collectandneatlyarrangeyourimportantpapersandworksamplesinanicebriefcaseorportfolio. Dressappropriately: Practicegoodhygienecomborbrushyourhairanddressappropriately.Evenifyouknowthatthecompanydressisbusiness-casualdressupanyway.Itshowsprofessionalismandrespectandmostimportantlythatyouknowhowtodressforinterviews. 43.Bepunctual: Unlessotherwiseinstructede.g.tofilloutajobapplicationarrivefivetotenminutesearlyfortheinterview; Sitwithgoodpasture: Ifyoudon’tknowwhattodowithyourhandskeepthemfoldedinyourlap.Thisisanotherindicationofgoodmanners.Avoidcrossingyourarmsoveryourchestyasitsubliminallydemonstratesaclosedmindtosome. 44.Readthemood: 45.Maintaineyecontact: Maintaineyecontactwiththeinterviewer. It’sokaytoaskquestionstobetteranswerthequestionstheinterviewerasksyou.Butwithholdthebulkofyourquestionsuntiltheinterviewerasksifyouhaveanywhichistypicallytowardtheendoftheinterview.Avoidaskingthefrivolousjustbecauseinterviewersexpectyoutohavequestions.Insteadaskaboutimportantmatterssuchasjobdutiesmanagementstyleandthefinancialhealthofthecompany.It’snotagoodideatoaskquestionsaboutvacationsickdayslunchbreaksandsoonrightoffthebat.Askaboutthelessermattersofimportanceduringfollow-upinterviews. Typicallyyou’llnegotiatesalarybenefitsperksandsuchinafollow-upinterview.Regardlessdon’tbringitupuntilaskedyetbereadytodiscussitatanytime. A.Thismakesyoulookorganizedandprofessional.Remembertopackrelevantdocumentssuchasextraresumesandreferencelistsimmigrantwork-authorizationpaperslettersofrecommendationandinformationrequiredonjobapplications.Bringatleastonepenandpencilandanotepadtoo. B.Iftheinterviewerisformalthenyouprobablyshouldbetoo.Iftheintervieweriscasualthenfollowalongwhileremainingcourteousandprofessional.Ineithercasetrytoappeartoberelaxedbutnottoorelaxed.It’snotagoodideatoputyourfeetupontheinterviewer’sdesk! C.Avoidstaringoryoumightmaketheintervieweruncomfortablebutdon’tlookawaytooofteneither.Tosomefailuretomaintainacomfortablelevelofeyecontactindicatesthatyouarelyingreachingforanswersorlackingconfidence. D.Italsohelpsyoutoformulatequestionsaboutthecompanyandjob.Interviewerstypicallyexpectyoutoasksuchquestions. E.Ifit’spossiblewithoutmakingacommotionscootyourchairalittleclosertotheinterviewer’sdeskortakethechairclosettothedesklikeyou’rereadytodiverightin.Thisshowsinterestandconfidence.Butdon’tinvadetheinterviewer’spersonalspaceaperimeterofabouttwofeetbyU.8.standards. F.Thisshowsthatyouareeagerandpunctual.Ifyou’renotatleastfiveminutesearlyforaninterviewyou’refiveminuteslate!Butdon’tarrivemorethantenminutesearlyaaitmightbeinconvenientforyourinterviewers.Definitelydon’tbelate! 45
ThestudyoflawhasbeenrecognizedforcenturiesasabasicintellectualdisciplineinEuropeanuniversities.HoweveronlyinrecentyearshasitbecomeafeatureofundergraduateprogramsinEnglish-Canadianuniversities.Traditionallylegallearninghasbeenviewedinsuchinstitutionsasthespecialpreserveoflawyersratherthananecessarypartoftheintellectualequipmentofaneducatedperson.HappilytheolderandmorecontinentalviewoflegaleducationisestablishingitselfinanumberofCanadianuniversitiesandsomehaveevenbeguntoofferundergraduatedegreesinlaw. Ifthestudyoflawisbeginningtoestablishitselfaspartandparcelofageneraleducationitsaimsandmethodsshouldappealdirectlytojournalismeducators.Lawisadisciplinewhichencouragesresponsiblejudgment.Ontheonehanditprovidesopportunitiestoanalyzesuchideasasjusticedemocracyandfreedom.Ontheotheritlinkstheseconceptstoeverydayrealitiesinamannerwhichisparalleltothelinksjournalistsforgeonadailybasisastheycoverandcommentonthenews.Forexamplenotionsofevidenceandfactofbasicrightsandpublicinterestareatworkintheprocessofjournalisticjudgmentandproductionjustasincourtsoflaw.Sharpeningjudgmentbyabsorbingandreflectingonlawisadesirablecomponentofajournalist’sintellectualpreparationforhisorhercareer. Buttheideathatthejournalistmustunderstandthelawmoreprofoundlythananordinarycitizenturnsonanunderstandingoftheestablishedconventionsandspecialresponsibilitiesofthenewsmedia.Politicsormorebroadlythefunctioningofthestateisamajorsubjectforjournalists.Thebetterinformedtheyareaboutthewaythestateworksthebettertheirreportingwillbe.InfactitisdifficulttoseehowjournalistswhodonothaveacleargraspofthebasicfeaturesoftheCanadianConstitutioncandoacompetentjobonpoliticalstories. Furthermorethelegalsystemandtheeventswhichoccurwithinitareprimarysubjectsforjournalists.Whilethequalityoflegaljournalismvariesgreatlythereisanunduerelianceamongstmanyjournalistsoninterpretationssuppliedtothembylawyers.Whilecommentandreactionfromlawyersmayenhancestoriesitispreferableforjournaliststorelyontheirownnotionsofsignificanceandmaketheirownjudgments.Thesecanonlycomefromawell-groundedunderstandingofthelegalsystem. Inthefirstparagraphtheauthorismainlyconcernedwith
Directions: Youaregoingtoreadatextoftipsoninterviewfollowedbyalistofexplanationsorexamples.Choosethebestexplanation/examplefromthelistA--Fforeachnumberedsubheading41--45.Thereisoneextraexplanation/examplewhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheet1. Attirebodylanguageandmannerscountduringinterviews.Afterallinterviewersareregularpeopleliketherestofuseasilyimpressedbygoodbehaviorandjustaseasilyoffendedbyinappropriatebehavior.Yetsurveysshowthatjobcandidates’interviewmannersandotherprofessionalismsareonthedecline. Onthenextpagesaretipsforactingprofessionallybeforeduringandafterinterviewstoavoidoffendinginterviewersandincreaseyourchancesoflandingajob.Formoreinterviewtipsandotherjob-searchinghelpclickonthelinksinthesidebarunderRelatedResources.TheseinterviewtipsarebasedongoodmannersintheUnitedStates.Goodmannersareappreciatedeverywherebutwhatconstitutesthenmaydifferamongothercountries. 41.Doyourhomework: Researchthecompanyandstudythejobdescriptionbeforeyouinterviewasyourinterviewerwilllikelyaskwhatyouknowaboutthecompanyandwhyyouwantthejob. 42.Getyourpersonalpapersready: Collectandneatlyarrangeyourimportantpapersandworksamplesinanicebriefcaseorportfolio. Dressappropriately: Practicegoodhygienecomborbrushyourhairanddressappropriately.Evenifyouknowthatthecompanydressisbusiness-casualdressupanyway.Itshowsprofessionalismandrespectandmostimportantlythatyouknowhowtodressforinterviews. 43.Bepunctual: Unlessotherwiseinstructede.g.tofilloutajobapplicationarrivefivetotenminutesearlyfortheinterview; Sitwithgoodpasture: Ifyoudon’tknowwhattodowithyourhandskeepthemfoldedinyourlap.Thisisanotherindicationofgoodmanners.Avoidcrossingyourarmsoveryourchestyasitsubliminallydemonstratesaclosedmindtosome. 44.Readthemood: 45.Maintaineyecontact: Maintaineyecontactwiththeinterviewer. It’sokaytoaskquestionstobetteranswerthequestionstheinterviewerasksyou.Butwithholdthebulkofyourquestionsuntiltheinterviewerasksifyouhaveanywhichistypicallytowardtheendoftheinterview.Avoidaskingthefrivolousjustbecauseinterviewersexpectyoutohavequestions.Insteadaskaboutimportantmatterssuchasjobdutiesmanagementstyleandthefinancialhealthofthecompany.It’snotagoodideatoaskquestionsaboutvacationsickdayslunchbreaksandsoonrightoffthebat.Askaboutthelessermattersofimportanceduringfollow-upinterviews. Typicallyyou’llnegotiatesalarybenefitsperksandsuchinafollow-upinterview.Regardlessdon’tbringitupuntilaskedyetbereadytodiscussitatanytime. A.Thismakesyoulookorganizedandprofessional.Remembertopackrelevantdocumentssuchasextraresumesandreferencelistsimmigrantwork-authorizationpaperslettersofrecommendationandinformationrequiredonjobapplications.Bringatleastonepenandpencilandanotepadtoo. B.Iftheinterviewerisformalthenyouprobablyshouldbetoo.Iftheintervieweriscasualthenfollowalongwhileremainingcourteousandprofessional.Ineithercasetrytoappeartoberelaxedbutnottoorelaxed.It’snotagoodideatoputyourfeetupontheinterviewer’sdesk! C.Avoidstaringoryoumightmaketheintervieweruncomfortablebutdon’tlookawaytooofteneither.Tosomefailuretomaintainacomfortablelevelofeyecontactindicatesthatyouarelyingreachingforanswersorlackingconfidence. D.Italsohelpsyoutoformulatequestionsaboutthecompanyandjob.Interviewerstypicallyexpectyoutoasksuchquestions. E.Ifit’spossiblewithoutmakingacommotionscootyourchairalittleclosertotheinterviewer’sdeskortakethechairclosettothedesklikeyou’rereadytodiverightin.Thisshowsinterestandconfidence.Butdon’tinvadetheinterviewer’spersonalspaceaperimeterofabouttwofeetbyU.8.standards. F.Thisshowsthatyouareeagerandpunctual.Ifyou’renotatleastfiveminutesearlyforaninterviewyou’refiveminuteslate!Butdon’tarrivemorethantenminutesearlyaaitmightbeinconvenientforyourinterviewers.Definitelydon’tbelate! 43
火柿舌的主病为
素问·五藏生成篇说多食辛可致
ThestudyoflawhasbeenrecognizedforcenturiesasabasicintellectualdisciplineinEuropeanuniversities.HoweveronlyinrecentyearshasitbecomeafeatureofundergraduateprogramsinEnglish-Canadianuniversities.Traditionallylegallearninghasbeenviewedinsuchinstitutionsasthespecialpreserveoflawyersratherthananecessarypartoftheintellectualequipmentofaneducatedperson.HappilytheolderandmorecontinentalviewoflegaleducationisestablishingitselfinanumberofCanadianuniversitiesandsomehaveevenbeguntoofferundergraduatedegreesinlaw. Ifthestudyoflawisbeginningtoestablishitselfaspartandparcelofageneraleducationitsaimsandmethodsshouldappealdirectlytojournalismeducators.Lawisadisciplinewhichencouragesresponsiblejudgment.Ontheonehanditprovidesopportunitiestoanalyzesuchideasasjusticedemocracyandfreedom.Ontheotheritlinkstheseconceptstoeverydayrealitiesinamannerwhichisparalleltothelinksjournalistsforgeonadailybasisastheycoverandcommentonthenews.Forexamplenotionsofevidenceandfactofbasicrightsandpublicinterestareatworkintheprocessofjournalisticjudgmentandproductionjustasincourtsoflaw.Sharpeningjudgmentbyabsorbingandreflectingonlawisadesirablecomponentofajournalist’sintellectualpreparationforhisorhercareer. Buttheideathatthejournalistmustunderstandthelawmoreprofoundlythananordinarycitizenturnsonanunderstandingoftheestablishedconventionsandspecialresponsibilitiesofthenewsmedia.Politicsormorebroadlythefunctioningofthestateisamajorsubjectforjournalists.Thebetterinformedtheyareaboutthewaythestateworksthebettertheirreportingwillbe.InfactitisdifficulttoseehowjournalistswhodonothaveacleargraspofthebasicfeaturesoftheCanadianConstitutioncandoacompetentjobonpoliticalstories. Furthermorethelegalsystemandtheeventswhichoccurwithinitareprimarysubjectsforjournalists.Whilethequalityoflegaljournalismvariesgreatlythereisanunduerelianceamongstmanyjournalistsoninterpretationssuppliedtothembylawyers.Whilecommentandreactionfromlawyersmayenhancestoriesitispreferableforjournaliststorelyontheirownnotionsofsignificanceandmaketheirownjudgments.Thesecanonlycomefromawell-groundedunderstandingofthelegalsystem. Accordingtothepassagesoundjournalisticjudgment
Directions: ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonAnswerSheet2. Forthefirsttimeindecadesdoctorshavebegunmakingmajorchangesinthetreatmentoflungcancerbasedonresearchprovingthatchemotherapycansignificantlylengthenlifeformanypatientsforwhomitwaspreviouslythoughttobeuseless. Theshiftincareappliestoabout50000peopleayearintheUnitedStateswhohaveearlycasesofthemostcommonformofthediseasenon-small-celllungcancerandwhosetumorsareremovedbysurgery.46Manyofthesepatientswhojustafewyearsagowouldhavebeentreatedwithsurgeryalonearenowbeinggivenchemotherapyaswelljustasitisroutinelygivenaftersurgeryforbreastorcolon结肠cancer.Thenewapproachhasbrightenedapicturethatwasoftenbleak. "Thebenefitisatleastasgoodandmaybebetterthanintheothercancers"saidDr.JohnMinnaalungcancerexpertandresearchdirectorattheUniversityofTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenterinDallas.Hesaidnewdiscoverieswerehelpingtoeliminatedoctors’"nihilistic"attitudesaboutchemotherapyforlungcancer. "Thestandardofcarehaschanged"saidDr.ChristopherG.AzzolialungcancerspecialistatMemorialSloan-KetteringCancerCenterinNewYork. 47Amajorimpetusforthechangecameayearagowhentwostudiespresentedatacancerconferenceshowedmarkedincreasesinsurvivalinpatientswhoreceivedadjuvant辅助的chemotherapymeaningthedrugsweregivenaftersurgery.Inonestudyof482patientsinCanadaandtheUnitedStatesledbyDr.TimothyWintonasurgeonfromtheUniversityofAlberta69percentofpatientswhohadsurgeryandchemotherapywerestillalivefiveyearslaterascomparedwith54percentwhohadjustsurgery.Thepatientsweregivenacombinationoftwodrugscisplatinandvinorelbineonceaweekfor16weeks. Intheworldoflungcancerresearchasurvivaldifferenceof15percentagepointsisenormous.48Overallthepatientsgivenchemotherapylived94monthsversus73monthsinthosewhohadonlysurgery--alsoahugedifferenceinafieldinwhichatreatmentishailedasasuccessifitgivespatientseventhreeorfourextramonths. AsecondstudyalsoannouncedattheconferencelastyearhadsimilarfindingsandsodidathirdpresentedjustamonthagoattheannualmeetingofthesamecancergrouptheAmericanSocietyofClinicalOncology Atmajormedicalcentersdoctorsquicklybegantoputtheresultsintopractice. 49"Thefindingsweresostunningfromthesestudiesayearagothattheybegantochangethestandardofcare"saidDr.PasiJannealungcancerspecialistatthe-DanaFarberCancerInstituteinBoston."Overthelastyearthenumberofpatientswe’vehadreferredhereforadjuvantchemotherapyhasgoneupsteadily." 50ButsomedoctorshesitatedtomakechangesDr.Wintonsaidwantingfirsttoseethestudiespublishedinamedicaljournalwhichwouldmeanthedatahadstooduptothescrutiny仔细的检查ofeditorsandexpertreviewers. Nowhisstudyhasbecomethefirstofthethreetopassthattest.ItisbeingpublishedtodayinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinealongwithaneditorialbyDr.KatherineM.S.PistersalungcancerspecialistattheM.D.AndersonCancerCenterinHouston. ThefindingsweresostunningfromthesestudiesayearagothattheybegantochangethestandardofcaresaidDr.PasiJannealungcancerspecialistatthe-DanaFarberCancerInstituteinBoston.
Directions: ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonAnswerSheet2. Forthefirsttimeindecadesdoctorshavebegunmakingmajorchangesinthetreatmentoflungcancerbasedonresearchprovingthatchemotherapycansignificantlylengthenlifeformanypatientsforwhomitwaspreviouslythoughttobeuseless. Theshiftincareappliestoabout50000peopleayearintheUnitedStateswhohaveearlycasesofthemostcommonformofthediseasenon-small-celllungcancerandwhosetumorsareremovedbysurgery.46Manyofthesepatientswhojustafewyearsagowouldhavebeentreatedwithsurgeryalonearenowbeinggivenchemotherapyaswelljustasitisroutinelygivenaftersurgeryforbreastorcolon结肠cancer.Thenewapproachhasbrightenedapicturethatwasoftenbleak. "Thebenefitisatleastasgoodandmaybebetterthanintheothercancers"saidDr.JohnMinnaalungcancerexpertandresearchdirectorattheUniversityofTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenterinDallas.Hesaidnewdiscoverieswerehelpingtoeliminatedoctors’"nihilistic"attitudesaboutchemotherapyforlungcancer. "Thestandardofcarehaschanged"saidDr.ChristopherG.AzzolialungcancerspecialistatMemorialSloan-KetteringCancerCenterinNewYork. 47Amajorimpetusforthechangecameayearagowhentwostudiespresentedatacancerconferenceshowedmarkedincreasesinsurvivalinpatientswhoreceivedadjuvant辅助的chemotherapymeaningthedrugsweregivenaftersurgery.Inonestudyof482patientsinCanadaandtheUnitedStatesledbyDr.TimothyWintonasurgeonfromtheUniversityofAlberta69percentofpatientswhohadsurgeryandchemotherapywerestillalivefiveyearslaterascomparedwith54percentwhohadjustsurgery.Thepatientsweregivenacombinationoftwodrugscisplatinandvinorelbineonceaweekfor16weeks. Intheworldoflungcancerresearchasurvivaldifferenceof15percentagepointsisenormous.48Overallthepatientsgivenchemotherapylived94monthsversus73monthsinthosewhohadonlysurgery--alsoahugedifferenceinafieldinwhichatreatmentishailedasasuccessifitgivespatientseventhreeorfourextramonths. AsecondstudyalsoannouncedattheconferencelastyearhadsimilarfindingsandsodidathirdpresentedjustamonthagoattheannualmeetingofthesamecancergrouptheAmericanSocietyofClinicalOncology Atmajormedicalcentersdoctorsquicklybegantoputtheresultsintopractice. 49"Thefindingsweresostunningfromthesestudiesayearagothattheybegantochangethestandardofcare"saidDr.PasiJannealungcancerspecialistatthe-DanaFarberCancerInstituteinBoston."Overthelastyearthenumberofpatientswe’vehadreferredhereforadjuvantchemotherapyhasgoneupsteadily." 50ButsomedoctorshesitatedtomakechangesDr.Wintonsaidwantingfirsttoseethestudiespublishedinamedicaljournalwhichwouldmeanthedatahadstooduptothescrutiny仔细的检查ofeditorsandexpertreviewers. Nowhisstudyhasbecomethefirstofthethreetopassthattest.ItisbeingpublishedtodayinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinealongwithaneditorialbyDr.KatherineM.S.PistersalungcancerspecialistattheM.D.AndersonCancerCenterinHouston. Amajorimpetusforthechangecameayearagowhentwostudiespresentedatacancerconferenceshowedmarkedincreasesinsurvivalinpatientswhoreceivedadjuvant辅助的chemotherapymeaningthedrugsweregivenaftersurgery
Successitisoftensaidhasmanyfathers--andoneofthemanyfathersofcomputingthatmostsuccessfulofindustrieswasCharlesBabbagea19th-centuryBritishmathematician.ExasperatedbyerrorsinthemathematicaltablesthatwerewidelyusedascalculationaidsatthetimeBabbagedreamedofbuildingamechanicalenginethatcouldproduceflawlesstablesautomatically.Buthisattemptstomakesuchamachineinthe1920sfailedandthesignificanceofhisworkwasonlyrediscoveredthiscentury. Nextyearatlastthefirstsetofprintedtablesshouldemergefromacalculating"differenceengine"builttoBabbage’sdesign.Babbagewillhavebeenvindicated.Buttherealizationofhisdreamwillalsounderscoretheextenttowhichhewasamanbornaheadofhistime. TheefforttoprovethatBabbage’sdesignswerelogicallyandpracticallysoundbeganin1985whenateamofresearchersattheScienceMuseuminLondonsetouttobuildadifferenceengineintimeforthe200thanniversaryofBabbage’sbirthin1992.Theteamledbythemuseum’scuratorofcomputingDoronSwadeconstructedamonstrousdeviceofbronzeironandsteel.Itwas11feetlongsevenfeettallweighedthreetonscostaround$500000andtookayeartopiecetogether.Anditworkedperfectlycrankingoutsuccessivevaluesofseventh-orderpolynomialequationsto:31significantfigures.Butitwasincomplete.Tosavemoneyanentiresectionofthemachinetheprinterwasomitted. ToBabbagetheprinterwasavitalpartofdesign.Eveniftheengineproducedthecorrectanswerstherewasstilltheriskthatatranscriptionortypesettingerrorwouldresultinthefinishedmathematicaltablesbeinginaccurate.Theonlywaytoguaranteeerror-freetableswastoautomatetheprintingprocessaswell.Sohisplansincludedspecificationsforaprinteralmostascomplicatedasthecalculatingengineitselfwithadjustablemarginstwoseparatefontsandtheabilitytoprintintwothreeorfourcolumns. InJanuaryafteryearsofsearchingforasponsorfortheprintertheScienceMuseumannouncedthatabackerhadbeenfound.NathanMyhrvoldthechieftechnologyofficeratMicrosoftagreedtopayforitsconstructionwhichisexpectedtocost$373000withoneProviso:thattheScienceMuseumteamwouldbuildhimanidenticalcalculatingengineandprintertodecoratehisnewhomeonLakeWashingtonnearSeattle.Constructionoftheprinterwillbegin--infullviewofthepublic--attheScienceMuseumlaterthismonth.Thefullmachinewillbecompletednextyear. ItisaniceironythatBabbage’splansshouldberealizedonlythankstoaninfusionofcashfromamanwhogotrichinthecomputerrevolutionthatBabbagehelpedtofoment.Morestrikingstillevenusing20th-centurymanufacturingtechnologytheenginewillhavecostover$830000tobuild.AllowingforinflationthisisroughlyathirdofwhatitmighthavecosttobuildinBabbage’sday-incontrasttothecostofelectronic-computertechnologywhichhalvesinpriceevery18months.ThatsuggeststhatevenhadBabbagesucceededaVictoriancomputerrevolutionbasedonmechanicaltechnologywouldnotnecessarilyhavefollowed. Babbagewishedtobuildamechanicalenginebecause
ThestudyoflawhasbeenrecognizedforcenturiesasabasicintellectualdisciplineinEuropeanuniversities.HoweveronlyinrecentyearshasitbecomeafeatureofundergraduateprogramsinEnglish-Canadianuniversities.Traditionallylegallearninghasbeenviewedinsuchinstitutionsasthespecialpreserveoflawyersratherthananecessarypartoftheintellectualequipmentofaneducatedperson.HappilytheolderandmorecontinentalviewoflegaleducationisestablishingitselfinanumberofCanadianuniversitiesandsomehaveevenbeguntoofferundergraduatedegreesinlaw. Ifthestudyoflawisbeginningtoestablishitselfaspartandparcelofageneraleducationitsaimsandmethodsshouldappealdirectlytojournalismeducators.Lawisadisciplinewhichencouragesresponsiblejudgment.Ontheonehanditprovidesopportunitiestoanalyzesuchideasasjusticedemocracyandfreedom.Ontheotheritlinkstheseconceptstoeverydayrealitiesinamannerwhichisparalleltothelinksjournalistsforgeonadailybasisastheycoverandcommentonthenews.Forexamplenotionsofevidenceandfactofbasicrightsandpublicinterestareatworkintheprocessofjournalisticjudgmentandproductionjustasincourtsoflaw.Sharpeningjudgmentbyabsorbingandreflectingonlawisadesirablecomponentofajournalist’sintellectualpreparationforhisorhercareer. Buttheideathatthejournalistmustunderstandthelawmoreprofoundlythananordinarycitizenturnsonanunderstandingoftheestablishedconventionsandspecialresponsibilitiesofthenewsmedia.Politicsormorebroadlythefunctioningofthestateisamajorsubjectforjournalists.Thebetterinformedtheyareaboutthewaythestateworksthebettertheirreportingwillbe.InfactitisdifficulttoseehowjournalistswhodonothaveacleargraspofthebasicfeaturesoftheCanadianConstitutioncandoacompetentjobonpoliticalstories. Furthermorethelegalsystemandtheeventswhichoccurwithinitareprimarysubjectsforjournalists.Whilethequalityoflegaljournalismvariesgreatlythereisanunduerelianceamongstmanyjournalistsoninterpretationssuppliedtothembylawyers.Whilecommentandreactionfromlawyersmayenhancestoriesitispreferableforjournaliststorelyontheirownnotionsofsignificanceandmaketheirownjudgments.Thesecanonlycomefromawell-groundedunderstandingofthelegalsystem. Theauthorwritesthisarticleprimarilyinorderto
AfterashakystarttheMartianflotillathathasarrivedoverthepastfewweeksisgettingdowntobusiness.Twoofthefivecraftinitseemtobeworkingperfectly.TwoarelostAndafifthissickbutundergoingtreatment. ThemostspectacularpicturessofarhavebeenprovidedbyMarsEmpresstheEuropeanSpaceAgency’scontributiontothefleet.OnJanuary28ththisreacheditsfinalworkingorbitwhichtakesitoverbothpolesandthusallowsittoseethewholeofMarsoverthecourseofafewdaysastheplanetrevolvesbeneathit.IthashoweverbeensendingbackdatasinceshortlyafteritarrivedandafewdaysagoitscontrollersreleasedaseriesofbeautifulphotographsincludingastereoimageofVallesMarinerisahugecanyonthatmayhavebeenformedbyflowingwater. ThemostscientificallysignificantresultthoughhascomefromOpportunityAmerica’ssecondMarsrover.OneofOpportunity’scamerashasphotographedevidenceofstratification.innearbyrocks.Suchstratificationindicatesthattherocksconcernedaresedimentary.Thelayerscouldberepeatedwind-blowndepositsorconsistofashfromsuccessivevolcaniceruptions.Buttheterrestrialrockstheymostresembleareonesthathaveformedunderwater. ThereasoneveryoneisgettingsoexcitedisBecausethereisawidespreadassumptionthatanyformoftirewhichmightdwellonMarswouldneedliquidwatertolive--orevenifitcouldnowsubsistbyextractingmoisturefromicewouldhaveneededliquidwatertoevolvetothatstage.Marshasseenmoreprobeslaunchedtowardsitthanalloftheotherplanetsputtogetherpreciselybecauseofthishopethatitmightharbourlife.Sothereisalotridingontheanswer--notleastthefundingoffuturemissions. BesidesitsscientificsignificancethesuccessofOpportunityhasalsohelpedtodistractattentionfromthesuddenrefusalofSpiritthefirstAmericanrovertoarriveonMarstotalktoitscontrollers.Thiscrafthadtentativelybutsuccessfullynoseditswayoffitslandingplatformandwasabouttodrillitswayintoanearbyrockpriortodoingaspotofchemicalanalysiswhenitwentsilent. HowevertheengineersatNASAAmerica’sspaceagencyarenothingifnotresourcefulandtheyhaveagoodrecordofcarryingoutrunningrepairsonspacecraftthataremillionsofkilometresaway.InthecaseofSpirittheythinkthatoneofthecraft’smemorychipshasgotclutteredupwithfilescreatedOnthejourneytoMars.Thatcausedanotherchipwhichmanagesthefirsttothrowawobblyandtokeeprebootingthecomputer.Theyarecurrentlytestingthisideabyloadingadiagnosticprogramontothecomputer.InadditionasaprecautiontheyhavedeletedexcessfilesfromtheequivalentmemorychiponOpportunity. Spirit’sspiritsmaythusrevive.AstothefailurestheJapaneseabandonedtheirfly-bycraftNozomiinDecemberandtheBritishteaminchargeofBeagle2whichispresumedtohavelandedonDecember25thbutfromwhichnosignalhasbeenreceivedalsoseemstohavecalleditquits.Stilla40～60%successratedependingonwhetherSpiritisbroughtbackintocommissionisnotbadbythehistoricalstandardsofmissionstoMars.Nowtherealsciencebegins Spiritfailedtotalktoitscontrollersprobablybecauseof
AfterashakystarttheMartianflotillathathasarrivedoverthepastfewweeksisgettingdowntobusiness.Twoofthefivecraftinitseemtobeworkingperfectly.TwoarelostAndafifthissickbutundergoingtreatment. ThemostspectacularpicturessofarhavebeenprovidedbyMarsEmpresstheEuropeanSpaceAgency’scontributiontothefleet.OnJanuary28ththisreacheditsfinalworkingorbitwhichtakesitoverbothpolesandthusallowsittoseethewholeofMarsoverthecourseofafewdaysastheplanetrevolvesbeneathit.IthashoweverbeensendingbackdatasinceshortlyafteritarrivedandafewdaysagoitscontrollersreleasedaseriesofbeautifulphotographsincludingastereoimageofVallesMarinerisahugecanyonthatmayhavebeenformedbyflowingwater. ThemostscientificallysignificantresultthoughhascomefromOpportunityAmerica’ssecondMarsrover.OneofOpportunity’scamerashasphotographedevidenceofstratification.innearbyrocks.Suchstratificationindicatesthattherocksconcernedaresedimentary.Thelayerscouldberepeatedwind-blowndepositsorconsistofashfromsuccessivevolcaniceruptions.Buttheterrestrialrockstheymostresembleareonesthathaveformedunderwater. ThereasoneveryoneisgettingsoexcitedisBecausethereisawidespreadassumptionthatanyformoftirewhichmightdwellonMarswouldneedliquidwatertolive--orevenifitcouldnowsubsistbyextractingmoisturefromicewouldhaveneededliquidwatertoevolvetothatstage.Marshasseenmoreprobeslaunchedtowardsitthanalloftheotherplanetsputtogetherpreciselybecauseofthishopethatitmightharbourlife.Sothereisalotridingontheanswer--notleastthefundingoffuturemissions. BesidesitsscientificsignificancethesuccessofOpportunityhasalsohelpedtodistractattentionfromthesuddenrefusalofSpiritthefirstAmericanrovertoarriveonMarstotalktoitscontrollers.Thiscrafthadtentativelybutsuccessfullynoseditswayoffitslandingplatformandwasabouttodrillitswayintoanearbyrockpriortodoingaspotofchemicalanalysiswhenitwentsilent. HowevertheengineersatNASAAmerica’sspaceagencyarenothingifnotresourcefulandtheyhaveagoodrecordofcarryingoutrunningrepairsonspacecraftthataremillionsofkilometresaway.InthecaseofSpirittheythinkthatoneofthecraft’smemorychipshasgotclutteredupwithfilescreatedOnthejourneytoMars.Thatcausedanotherchipwhichmanagesthefirsttothrowawobblyandtokeeprebootingthecomputer.Theyarecurrentlytestingthisideabyloadingadiagnosticprogramontothecomputer.InadditionasaprecautiontheyhavedeletedexcessfilesfromtheequivalentmemorychiponOpportunity. Spirit’sspiritsmaythusrevive.AstothefailurestheJapaneseabandonedtheirfly-bycraftNozomiinDecemberandtheBritishteaminchargeofBeagle2whichispresumedtohavelandedonDecember25thbutfromwhichnosignalhasbeenreceivedalsoseemstohavecalleditquits.Stilla40～60%successratedependingonwhetherSpiritisbroughtbackintocommissionisnotbadbythehistoricalstandardsofmissionstoMars.Nowtherealsciencebegins WhatdoesthewordtheyPara.3Line5referto
Successitisoftensaidhasmanyfathers--andoneofthemanyfathersofcomputingthatmostsuccessfulofindustrieswasCharlesBabbagea19th-centuryBritishmathematician.ExasperatedbyerrorsinthemathematicaltablesthatwerewidelyusedascalculationaidsatthetimeBabbagedreamedofbuildingamechanicalenginethatcouldproduceflawlesstablesautomatically.Buthisattemptstomakesuchamachineinthe1920sfailedandthesignificanceofhisworkwasonlyrediscoveredthiscentury. Nextyearatlastthefirstsetofprintedtablesshouldemergefromacalculating"differenceengine"builttoBabbage’sdesign.Babbagewillhavebeenvindicated.Buttherealizationofhisdreamwillalsounderscoretheextenttowhichhewasamanbornaheadofhistime. TheefforttoprovethatBabbage’sdesignswerelogicallyandpracticallysoundbeganin1985whenateamofresearchersattheScienceMuseuminLondonsetouttobuildadifferenceengineintimeforthe200thanniversaryofBabbage’sbirthin1992.Theteamledbythemuseum’scuratorofcomputingDoronSwadeconstructedamonstrousdeviceofbronzeironandsteel.Itwas11feetlongsevenfeettallweighedthreetonscostaround$500000andtookayeartopiecetogether.Anditworkedperfectlycrankingoutsuccessivevaluesofseventh-orderpolynomialequationsto:31significantfigures.Butitwasincomplete.Tosavemoneyanentiresectionofthemachinetheprinterwasomitted. ToBabbagetheprinterwasavitalpartofdesign.Eveniftheengineproducedthecorrectanswerstherewasstilltheriskthatatranscriptionortypesettingerrorwouldresultinthefinishedmathematicaltablesbeinginaccurate.Theonlywaytoguaranteeerror-freetableswastoautomatetheprintingprocessaswell.Sohisplansincludedspecificationsforaprinteralmostascomplicatedasthecalculatingengineitselfwithadjustablemarginstwoseparatefontsandtheabilitytoprintintwothreeorfourcolumns. InJanuaryafteryearsofsearchingforasponsorfortheprintertheScienceMuseumannouncedthatabackerhadbeenfound.NathanMyhrvoldthechieftechnologyofficeratMicrosoftagreedtopayforitsconstructionwhichisexpectedtocost$373000withoneProviso:thattheScienceMuseumteamwouldbuildhimanidenticalcalculatingengineandprintertodecoratehisnewhomeonLakeWashingtonnearSeattle.Constructionoftheprinterwillbegin--infullviewofthepublic--attheScienceMuseumlaterthismonth.Thefullmachinewillbecompletednextyear. ItisaniceironythatBabbage’splansshouldberealizedonlythankstoaninfusionofcashfromamanwhogotrichinthecomputerrevolutionthatBabbagehelpedtofoment.Morestrikingstillevenusing20th-centurymanufacturingtechnologytheenginewillhavecostover$830000tobuild.AllowingforinflationthisisroughlyathirdofwhatitmighthavecosttobuildinBabbage’sday-incontrasttothecostofelectronic-computertechnologywhichhalvesinpriceevery18months.ThatsuggeststhatevenhadBabbagesucceededaVictoriancomputerrevolutionbasedonmechanicaltechnologywouldnotnecessarilyhavefollowed. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNottrue
睑废属
Directions: TheStudents’UnionofyouruniversityisplanningartEnglishSpeakingContest.Writeanannouncementwhichcoversthefollowinginformation: 1thepurposeofthecontest 2timeandplaceofthecontest 3whatisrequiredofthecandidates 4detailsofthejudgesandawards. Youshouldwriteabout100wordsneatlyonAnswerSheet2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.UseStudents’Unionattheendoftheannouncement.
大青叶的功效为
Britain’sbosseswouldhaveyoubelievethatbusinessinBritainisgroaningunderredtapeandpunitivetaxlevelsinhibitingenterpriseandputtingBritishfirmsatadisadvantagecomparedwithoverseascompetitors. AsusualrealitypaintsafardifferentpicturefromthetawdryimagescrawledbytheCBIandToryfrontbenchers.NotonlydoBritishbusinessespaylowerlevelsofcorporationtaxthantheircounterpartsabroadbuttheybenefitfromthemostsavagelegalhamstringingoftradeunionism. ButboardroomfatcatsinBritainhaveonefurtheradvantageovertheircompetitorswhichistheirtotalinabilitytofeelanysenseofshame. Therelativelypoorperformancesincethe1990sofpensioninvestmentfundsoverseenbythetopcompaniesthemselveshasbroughtaboutawide-rangingcullofoccupationalpensionschemes.Finalsalaryschemeshavebeenaxedinfavourofmoneypurchaseorhavebeenbarredtonewemployeesandinmanycompaniesstaffhavebeentoldthattheywillhavetoincreasepensionsfundpaymentstoensurepreviouslyguaranteedbenefits. Atatimewhenthegovernmenthasbeendeliberatelyrunningdownthevalueofthestateretirementpensionanddrivingpensionerstowardsmeans-testedbenefitstheincreasinglyshakynatureofoccupationalschemeshasbroughtabouthigherlevelsofinsecurityamongworkingpeople. Howeverit’snotalldoomandgloom.Thereisasilverlining. Unfortunatelythatsilverliningdoesn’tshinetoobrightlyoutsidethecorridorsofcorporatepowerwheredirectorsaredoingwhattheyarebestat--lookingafternumberone.Bossesarenotonlyslurpinguphugesalarieseach-waybonusesandgoldenparachutes.TheyhavealsoasTUCgeneralsecretaryBrendanBarbersaysgot"theirsnoutsinapensionstrough." Ifhavingcontributionsworthone-thirtiethoftheirsalaryeachyearpaidintoapensionschemeisgoodenoughfordirectorswhydomostworkersonlyreceiveone-sixtiethAndifcompaniesonlydonate6percentofanemployee’ssalaryformoneypurchaseschemeswhydotheygive20～30percentfordirectors’schemes TheanswerwhichwillbenosecrettomanytradeUnionistsisthatweliveinaclassdividedsocietyinwhichbigbusinessandtherichcalltheshots. TheChildPovertyActionGrouprevelationthatBritainalsohastheworstregionalsocialinequalityintheindustrialisedworld--secondonlytoMexico--illustrateshowfatuousareclaimsthatthiscountryenjoyssocialjusticeandopportunitiesforall.ThestarkfactsofinequalityBasedonclassgenderageandracethatareoutlinedintheCPAGPovertybookoughttodictateanewgovernmentapproachtotacklingpoverty. InequalityandpovertycannotbetackledbyallowingBigbusinessandtherichtododgetheirresponsibilitiestosocietyandtousetheirpositionsofpowertoseizethelion’sshare. Britishbosses’shamelessnessisrevealedinallthefollowingfactsExcept
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