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The United States In 1782 【51】 the United States won its independ...
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Nurses Thephysiciansinahospitalformthecoreofthemedicalstaff.Buttheycouldnotprovideeffectivemedicalcaretotheirpatientswithoutthehelpofnumerousothermedicalworkers.Fromtheangleofthepatientsthenursingstaffisparticularlyimportant.Nursesareusuallyinclosecontactwithpatientsaslongastheyareinthehospital. Anursedoesnotstudyforasmanyyearsasadoctor.Howevereachmustbeequallytrained.Caringforsickpersonsrequiresagreatdealofpatienceandconcern.Mostnursesworklongdaysandtheyoftenmustworkatoddhoursorduringthenight. Thenursingstaffinahospitalisusuallyquitelargeandvarious.Nursingservicesafterallmustbeprovidedona24-hourbasis.Thereareprofessional专业的nursespracticalnursesnursesaidsandorderlies勤杂工.Thegeneraltermnursereferstoapersontrainedtoofferbedsidecaretosickpersons. Underthesupervision管理oftheheadnursethenursingstaffinahospitalwardmustattendtopatients’’needs.Thisresponsibilitycontinuesaroundtheclockandsonursesmustworkinshifts.Ashiftisaperiodofdutyusuallyeighthoursinlength.Thenursesonthewardrotate轮换theirshifts.Sometaketurnsworkingnightduty;othersworkoddshifts.Allofthemworkoutofacentralareaonthewardcalledthenursesstation. Anursemustalwaysbeonherguard.Shecanneveraffordtobecareless.Thisistrueinallnursingsituationsbutitisespeciallytrueintheintensivecareunit.Patientsunderintensivecarearecriticallyillandtheymustbemonitoredatalltimes.Thenurseswhodointensivecaredutyhaveoneofthemostdemandingjobsinthehospital. Nurseswhoworkintheintensivecareunitinahospitalarebettertrainedthanothernurses.
Nurses Thephysiciansinahospitalformthecoreofthemedicalstaff.Buttheycouldnotprovideeffectivemedicalcaretotheirpatientswithoutthehelpofnumerousothermedicalworkers.Fromtheangleofthepatientsthenursingstaffisparticularlyimportant.Nursesareusuallyinclosecontactwithpatientsaslongastheyareinthehospital. Anursedoesnotstudyforasmanyyearsasadoctor.Howevereachmustbeequallytrained.Caringforsickpersonsrequiresagreatdealofpatienceandconcern.Mostnursesworklongdaysandtheyoftenmustworkatoddhoursorduringthenight. Thenursingstaffinahospitalisusuallyquitelargeandvarious.Nursingservicesafterallmustbeprovidedona24-hourbasis.Thereareprofessional专业的nursespracticalnursesnursesaidsandorderlies勤杂工.Thegeneraltermnursereferstoapersontrainedtoofferbedsidecaretosickpersons. Underthesupervision管理oftheheadnursethenursingstaffinahospitalwardmustattendtopatients’’needs.Thisresponsibilitycontinuesaroundtheclockandsonursesmustworkinshifts.Ashiftisaperiodofdutyusuallyeighthoursinlength.Thenursesonthewardrotate轮换theirshifts.Sometaketurnsworkingnightduty;othersworkoddshifts.Allofthemworkoutofacentralareaonthewardcalledthenursesstation. Anursemustalwaysbeonherguard.Shecanneveraffordtobecareless.Thisistrueinallnursingsituationsbutitisespeciallytrueintheintensivecareunit.Patientsunderintensivecarearecriticallyillandtheymustbemonitoredatalltimes.Thenurseswhodointensivecaredutyhaveoneofthemostdemandingjobsinthehospital. Thephysiciansinahospitalarelessimportantthanthenursingstaff.
Securityofficialssaythatcomputercrimeiseasytoaccomplishandhardtodetect.
AdaptationofLivingThings Certainanimalsandplantsdevelopcharacteristicsthathelpthemcopewiththeirenvironmentbetterthanothersoftheirkind.Thisnaturalbiologicalprocessiscalledadaptation.Amongthesuperiorcharacteristicsdevelopedthroughadaptationarethosethatmayhelpingettingfoodorshelterinprovidingprotectionandinproducingandprotectingtheyoung.Thatresultsintheevolutionofmoreandmoreorganismsthatarebetterfittedtotheirenvironments. Eachlivingthingisadaptedtoitswayoflifeinageneralwaybuteachisadaptedespeciallytoitsowndistinctclass.Aplantforexampledependsuponitsrootstofixitselffirmlyandtoabsorbwaterandinorganicchemicals.Itdependsuponitsgreenleavesforusingthesun’’senergytomakefoodfrominorganicchemicals.Thesearegeneraladaptationscommontomostplants.Inadditiontherearespecialadaptationsthatonlycertainkindsofplantshave. Manyanimalshaveadaptationsthathelpthemescapefromtheirenemies.Someinsectsarehiddenbytheirbodycolororshapeandmanylooklikealeaforalittlebranch.Thecoatsofdeerarecoloredtomixwiththesurroundings.Manyanimalshavetheabilitytoremaincompletelystillwhenanenemyisnear. Organismshaveagreatvarietyofwaysofadapting.Theymayadaptintheirstructurefunctionandgenetics;intheirdevelopmentandproductionoftheyoung;andinotherrespects.Anorganismmaycreateitswonenvironmentasdowarm-bloodedmammalswhichhavetheabilitytoadjustbodyheatexactlytomaintaintheiridealtemperaturedespitechangingweather.Usuallyadaptationsareanadvantagebutsometimesanorganismissowelladaptedtoaparticularenvironmentthatifconditionschangeitfindsitdifficultorimpossibletoreadapttothenewconditions. Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethatthefeathersofabirdcarecolored______.
Heenduredallkindsofhardshipsinhissolosailingaroundtheworld.
RichardWagner RichardWagner1813~1883isregardedbymany【51】TheRevolutionistofOperawhodemolishedalloldformsandwhoreconstructedthemusicdrama【52】principlesentirelyhisown.Inthestrictest【53】thisbeliefisnotjustifiedforWagnersimplyreturnedtotheoldestversionofthemusicdrama.HefoundthattheidealconstructionoftheoperainFlorencehadbeentoproduceworkinwhichthemusicdramaandinterpretationshouldbe【54】equalimportance.WagnerstudiedthechangesandabuseswhichGluckhad【55】correctandfoundthattheopera【56】ofthenineteenthcenturyhad【57】backintomanyoftheoldcustomswiththeresultthattherewasnolongeracomplete【58】ofthethreefundamentalsofopera. WagnertellsusinhisautobiographythathisearlylifewasinfluencedbythedramasofShakespearthesymphoniesofBeethovenandtheoperasofVonWeber.HisfirstoperaswereconstructedonthelinesoftheFrenchgrandopera.Thefirsttwowereabsolutefailuresbutwiththe【59】ofRienziin1842Wagnerwasproclaimedtheequalifnotthesuperior【60】BelliniDonizettiandMeyerbeer.Inthewritingofthisworkhehaddiscoveredthedramaticabsurditiesoftheform【61】inhisnextworkTheFlyingDutchmanheattemptedhisfirstimportantuseoftheleitmotiforcharacteristic【62】forhisdifferentpersonagesandalsousedthesethemesinanticipationoftheadventofhischaractersinamannerhelaterdescribedasmakingtheaudienceapartofthebeing.【63】hiswaytoDresdentoconductRienziWagnervisitedtheWartburgCastleandtherehebecamefamiliar【64】thelegendarystorieswhichheusedinallhislaterworks.TannhausergivesanactualdescriptionoftheMinnesingerKnightswhoinspiredWagner【65】TeutonicversionsofTheRingoftheNibelungsLohengrinTristanandIsoldeandParsifal.
Nurses Thephysiciansinahospitalformthecoreofthemedicalstaff.Buttheycouldnotprovideeffectivemedicalcaretotheirpatientswithoutthehelpofnumerousothermedicalworkers.Fromtheangleofthepatientsthenursingstaffisparticularlyimportant.Nursesareusuallyinclosecontactwithpatientsaslongastheyareinthehospital. Anursedoesnotstudyforasmanyyearsasadoctor.Howevereachmustbeequallytrained.Caringforsickpersonsrequiresagreatdealofpatienceandconcern.Mostnursesworklongdaysandtheyoftenmustworkatoddhoursorduringthenight. Thenursingstaffinahospitalisusuallyquitelargeandvarious.Nursingservicesafterallmustbeprovidedona24-hourbasis.Thereareprofessional专业的nursespracticalnursesnursesaidsandorderlies勤杂工.Thegeneraltermnursereferstoapersontrainedtoofferbedsidecaretosickpersons. Underthesupervision管理oftheheadnursethenursingstaffinahospitalwardmustattendtopatients’’needs.Thisresponsibilitycontinuesaroundtheclockandsonursesmustworkinshifts.Ashiftisaperiodofdutyusuallyeighthoursinlength.Thenursesonthewardrotate轮换theirshifts.Sometaketurnsworkingnightduty;othersworkoddshifts.Allofthemworkoutofacentralareaonthewardcalledthenursesstation. Anursemustalwaysbeonherguard.Shecanneveraffordtobecareless.Thisistrueinallnursingsituationsbutitisespeciallytrueintheintensivecareunit.Patientsunderintensivecarearecriticallyillandtheymustbemonitoredatalltimes.Thenurseswhodointensivecaredutyhaveoneofthemostdemandingjobsinthehospital. Nursingservicesinahospitalaregenerallyavailablearoundtheclock.
Experimentsenableyoungscientiststojudgeaccuratelywhatmustbeacceptedandwhatmustbeviewedwithsuspicion.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????TheAmericanFamily{{/B}}??Inthe Americanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecisionmaking. Whenthechildrenare{{U}}?51?{{/U}}enoughtheytakepartaswell. Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness宽容ofAmericanparents. Theoldrulethatchildrenshouldbeseenandnotheardisrarely{{U}} ?52?{{/U}}andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo{{U}}?53 ?{{/U}}theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldom expectshischildrentolistentohim{{U}}?54?{{/U}}questionand childrenareencouragedtobe{{U}}?55?{{/U}}atanearlyage.Some peoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom{{U}}?56 ?{{/U}}far.Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot{{U}}?57 ?{{/U}}theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericans emphasizetheimportanceofindependenceyoungpeopleareexpectedto{{U}} ?58?{{/U}}theirparentalfamiliesbythetimetheyhave{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}theirlateteensorearlytwenties.Indeednottodosoisoften regardedasA.{{U}}?60?{{/U}}akindofweakdependence.? ?Thispatternofindependenceoftenresultsinserious{{U}}?61 ?{{/U}}fortheagingparentsofasmallfamily.TheaverageAmericanis expectedtolive{{U}}?62?{{/U}}theageof70.Thejob-retirementage is{{U}}?63?{{/U}}65.Thechildrenhavelefthomemarriedand{{U}} ?64?{{/U}}theirownhouseholds.Atleast20percentofallpeople over.65donothaveenoughretirementincomes.{{U}}?65?{{/U}}the majorproblemofmanyelderlycouplesisnoteconomic.Theyfeeluselessand lonelywithneitheranoccupationnoraclosefamily group.
MemoryClass StanFieldknowswhatagecandotoaperson’’smemoryandhe’’snottakinganychanceswithhis.Hechooseshisfoodcarefullyandgetsplentyofexercise.Healsoavoidsstresscocacolaandcigarettesmoke. What’’smoreatbreakfasteachmorningthe69-year-oldchemicalengineerswallowsaplatefulofpillsinthehopeofboostinghisbrainpower. MichelleAmoveislessthanhalfField’’sagebutnolessconcernedabouthermemory.Whileworkingroundtheclocktofinishadegreeinfilmstudiesthe33-year-oldNewYorkerhadthealarmingsensationthatshehadstoppedretaininganything.Icouldn’’tevenremembernamesshesays.IthoughtOhnoI’’mover30.It’’salldownhillfromhere.BesidesloadinguponsupplementsAmovesignedupforamemoryenhancingcourseatNewYork’’sMountSianiMedicalCenter.Andwhenshegotthereshefoundherselfsurroundedbypeoplewhowerejustasworriedasshewas. FormillionsofAmericansandespeciallyforbabyboomers生育高峰出生的人thedemandsoftheInformationAgeconflictwithasenseofdecliningphysicalpower.Whenboomerswereintheir30sand40stheylaunchedthefitnessboomsaysCynthiaGreenthepsychologistwhoteachesMountSinai’’smemoryclass.Nowwehavethemental-fitnessboomMemoryistheboomers’’newlife-crisisissue.Andofcourseamajormarketingopportunity.ThedemandforbooksandseminarshasneverbeengreatersaysJackLannomalongtimememorytrainerwhoseweeklyTVshowMindUnlimitedgoesoutto33millionhomesontheChristianNetwork.Anxiousconsumersarerushingtobuydo-it-yourselfprogramsandsupplementmakersaretryingtoselleverythingbutsawdust木屑asabrainbooster. Butbeforeyougetoutyourcheckbookafewquestionsareinorder.Doeseverydayforgetfulnesssignaldecliningbrainfunction?Ismegamemory超级记忆arealisticgoalfornormalpeople?Andifyoucouldhaveaperfectmemorywouldyoureallywantit?Untilrecentlynoonecouldaddressthoseissueswithmuchauthoritybutourknowledgeofmemoryisexploding.Newtechniquesarerevealinghowdifferentpartsofthebraininteracttopreservemeaningfulexperiences.Biologistsaretryingtounderstandtheunderlying潜在的chemicalprocessesandneuroscientists神经系统科学家arediscoveringhowagestressandotherfactorscandisruptthem.Nooneisclosetofindingthesecrettoperfectrecallbutasyou’’llseethatmaybejustaswell. Whatisthemeaningofworkingroundtheclock?
Theyjoinedthearmywillingly.
RichardWagner RichardWagner1813~1883isregardedbymany【51】TheRevolutionistofOperawhodemolishedalloldformsandwhoreconstructedthemusicdrama【52】principlesentirelyhisown.Inthestrictest【53】thisbeliefisnotjustifiedforWagnersimplyreturnedtotheoldestversionofthemusicdrama.HefoundthattheidealconstructionoftheoperainFlorencehadbeentoproduceworkinwhichthemusicdramaandinterpretationshouldbe【54】equalimportance.WagnerstudiedthechangesandabuseswhichGluckhad【55】correctandfoundthattheopera【56】ofthenineteenthcenturyhad【57】backintomanyoftheoldcustomswiththeresultthattherewasnolongeracomplete【58】ofthethreefundamentalsofopera. WagnertellsusinhisautobiographythathisearlylifewasinfluencedbythedramasofShakespearthesymphoniesofBeethovenandtheoperasofVonWeber.HisfirstoperaswereconstructedonthelinesoftheFrenchgrandopera.Thefirsttwowereabsolutefailuresbutwiththe【59】ofRienziin1842Wagnerwasproclaimedtheequalifnotthesuperior【60】BelliniDonizettiandMeyerbeer.Inthewritingofthisworkhehaddiscoveredthedramaticabsurditiesoftheform【61】inhisnextworkTheFlyingDutchmanheattemptedhisfirstimportantuseoftheleitmotiforcharacteristic【62】forhisdifferentpersonagesandalsousedthesethemesinanticipationoftheadventofhischaractersinamannerhelaterdescribedasmakingtheaudienceapartofthebeing.【63】hiswaytoDresdentoconductRienziWagnervisitedtheWartburgCastleandtherehebecamefamiliar【64】thelegendarystorieswhichheusedinallhislaterworks.TannhausergivesanactualdescriptionoftheMinnesingerKnightswhoinspiredWagner【65】TeutonicversionsofTheRingoftheNibelungsLohengrinTristanandIsoldeandParsifal.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????TheAmericanFamily{{/B}}??Inthe Americanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecisionmaking. Whenthechildrenare{{U}}?51?{{/U}}enoughtheytakepartaswell. Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness宽容ofAmericanparents. Theoldrulethatchildrenshouldbeseenandnotheardisrarely{{U}} ?52?{{/U}}andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo{{U}}?53 ?{{/U}}theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldom expectshischildrentolistentohim{{U}}?54?{{/U}}questionand childrenareencouragedtobe{{U}}?55?{{/U}}atanearlyage.Some peoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom{{U}}?56 ?{{/U}}far.Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot{{U}}?57 ?{{/U}}theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericans emphasizetheimportanceofindependenceyoungpeopleareexpectedto{{U}} ?58?{{/U}}theirparentalfamiliesbythetimetheyhave{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}theirlateteensorearlytwenties.Indeednottodosoisoften regardedasA.{{U}}?60?{{/U}}akindofweakdependence.? ?Thispatternofindependenceoftenresultsinserious{{U}}?61 ?{{/U}}fortheagingparentsofasmallfamily.TheaverageAmericanis expectedtolive{{U}}?62?{{/U}}theageof70.Thejob-retirementage is{{U}}?63?{{/U}}65.Thechildrenhavelefthomemarriedand{{U}} ?64?{{/U}}theirownhouseholds.Atleast20percentofallpeople over.65donothaveenoughretirementincomes.{{U}}?65?{{/U}}the majorproblemofmanyelderlycouplesisnoteconomic.Theyfeeluselessand lonelywithneitheranoccupationnoraclosefamily group.
RichardWagner RichardWagner1813~1883isregardedbymany【51】TheRevolutionistofOperawhodemolishedalloldformsandwhoreconstructedthemusicdrama【52】principlesentirelyhisown.Inthestrictest【53】thisbeliefisnotjustifiedforWagnersimplyreturnedtotheoldestversionofthemusicdrama.HefoundthattheidealconstructionoftheoperainFlorencehadbeentoproduceworkinwhichthemusicdramaandinterpretationshouldbe【54】equalimportance.WagnerstudiedthechangesandabuseswhichGluckhad【55】correctandfoundthattheopera【56】ofthenineteenthcenturyhad【57】backintomanyoftheoldcustomswiththeresultthattherewasnolongeracomplete【58】ofthethreefundamentalsofopera. WagnertellsusinhisautobiographythathisearlylifewasinfluencedbythedramasofShakespearthesymphoniesofBeethovenandtheoperasofVonWeber.HisfirstoperaswereconstructedonthelinesoftheFrenchgrandopera.Thefirsttwowereabsolutefailuresbutwiththe【59】ofRienziin1842Wagnerwasproclaimedtheequalifnotthesuperior【60】BelliniDonizettiandMeyerbeer.Inthewritingofthisworkhehaddiscoveredthedramaticabsurditiesoftheform【61】inhisnextworkTheFlyingDutchmanheattemptedhisfirstimportantuseoftheleitmotiforcharacteristic【62】forhisdifferentpersonagesandalsousedthesethemesinanticipationoftheadventofhischaractersinamannerhelaterdescribedasmakingtheaudienceapartofthebeing.【63】hiswaytoDresdentoconductRienziWagnervisitedtheWartburgCastleandtherehebecamefamiliar【64】thelegendarystorieswhichheusedinallhislaterworks.TannhausergivesanactualdescriptionoftheMinnesingerKnightswhoinspiredWagner【65】TeutonicversionsofTheRingoftheNibelungsLohengrinTristanandIsoldeandParsifal.
MemoryClass StanFieldknowswhatagecandotoaperson’’smemoryandhe’’snottakinganychanceswithhis.Hechooseshisfoodcarefullyandgetsplentyofexercise.Healsoavoidsstresscocacolaandcigarettesmoke. What’’smoreatbreakfasteachmorningthe69-year-oldchemicalengineerswallowsaplatefulofpillsinthehopeofboostinghisbrainpower. MichelleAmoveislessthanhalfField’’sagebutnolessconcernedabouthermemory.Whileworkingroundtheclocktofinishadegreeinfilmstudiesthe33-year-oldNewYorkerhadthealarmingsensationthatshehadstoppedretaininganything.Icouldn’’tevenremembernamesshesays.IthoughtOhnoI’’mover30.It’’salldownhillfromhere.BesidesloadinguponsupplementsAmovesignedupforamemoryenhancingcourseatNewYork’’sMountSianiMedicalCenter.Andwhenshegotthereshefoundherselfsurroundedbypeoplewhowerejustasworriedasshewas. FormillionsofAmericansandespeciallyforbabyboomers生育高峰出生的人thedemandsoftheInformationAgeconflictwithasenseofdecliningphysicalpower.Whenboomerswereintheir30sand40stheylaunchedthefitnessboomsaysCynthiaGreenthepsychologistwhoteachesMountSinai’’smemoryclass.Nowwehavethemental-fitnessboomMemoryistheboomers’’newlife-crisisissue.Andofcourseamajormarketingopportunity.ThedemandforbooksandseminarshasneverbeengreatersaysJackLannomalongtimememorytrainerwhoseweeklyTVshowMindUnlimitedgoesoutto33millionhomesontheChristianNetwork.Anxiousconsumersarerushingtobuydo-it-yourselfprogramsandsupplementmakersaretryingtoselleverythingbutsawdust木屑asabrainbooster. Butbeforeyougetoutyourcheckbookafewquestionsareinorder.Doeseverydayforgetfulnesssignaldecliningbrainfunction?Ismegamemory超级记忆arealisticgoalfornormalpeople?Andifyoucouldhaveaperfectmemorywouldyoureallywantit?Untilrecentlynoonecouldaddressthoseissueswithmuchauthoritybutourknowledgeofmemoryisexploding.Newtechniquesarerevealinghowdifferentpartsofthebraininteracttopreservemeaningfulexperiences.Biologistsaretryingtounderstandtheunderlying潜在的chemicalprocessesandneuroscientists神经系统科学家arediscoveringhowagestressandotherfactorscandisruptthem.Nooneisclosetofindingthesecrettoperfectrecallbutasyou’’llseethatmaybejustaswell. WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTindicatepeoplesenhancedawarenessoftheimportanceofmemory?
RichardWagner RichardWagner1813~1883isregardedbymany【51】TheRevolutionistofOperawhodemolishedalloldformsandwhoreconstructedthemusicdrama【52】principlesentirelyhisown.Inthestrictest【53】thisbeliefisnotjustifiedforWagnersimplyreturnedtotheoldestversionofthemusicdrama.HefoundthattheidealconstructionoftheoperainFlorencehadbeentoproduceworkinwhichthemusicdramaandinterpretationshouldbe【54】equalimportance.WagnerstudiedthechangesandabuseswhichGluckhad【55】correctandfoundthattheopera【56】ofthenineteenthcenturyhad【57】backintomanyoftheoldcustomswiththeresultthattherewasnolongeracomplete【58】ofthethreefundamentalsofopera. WagnertellsusinhisautobiographythathisearlylifewasinfluencedbythedramasofShakespearthesymphoniesofBeethovenandtheoperasofVonWeber.HisfirstoperaswereconstructedonthelinesoftheFrenchgrandopera.Thefirsttwowereabsolutefailuresbutwiththe【59】ofRienziin1842Wagnerwasproclaimedtheequalifnotthesuperior【60】BelliniDonizettiandMeyerbeer.Inthewritingofthisworkhehaddiscoveredthedramaticabsurditiesoftheform【61】inhisnextworkTheFlyingDutchmanheattemptedhisfirstimportantuseoftheleitmotiforcharacteristic【62】forhisdifferentpersonagesandalsousedthesethemesinanticipationoftheadventofhischaractersinamannerhelaterdescribedasmakingtheaudienceapartofthebeing.【63】hiswaytoDresdentoconductRienziWagnervisitedtheWartburgCastleandtherehebecamefamiliar【64】thelegendarystorieswhichheusedinallhislaterworks.TannhausergivesanactualdescriptionoftheMinnesingerKnightswhoinspiredWagner【65】TeutonicversionsofTheRingoftheNibelungsLohengrinTristanandIsoldeandParsifal.
RichardWagner RichardWagner1813~1883isregardedbymany【51】TheRevolutionistofOperawhodemolishedalloldformsandwhoreconstructedthemusicdrama【52】principlesentirelyhisown.Inthestrictest【53】thisbeliefisnotjustifiedforWagnersimplyreturnedtotheoldestversionofthemusicdrama.HefoundthattheidealconstructionoftheoperainFlorencehadbeentoproduceworkinwhichthemusicdramaandinterpretationshouldbe【54】equalimportance.WagnerstudiedthechangesandabuseswhichGluckhad【55】correctandfoundthattheopera【56】ofthenineteenthcenturyhad【57】backintomanyoftheoldcustomswiththeresultthattherewasnolongeracomplete【58】ofthethreefundamentalsofopera. WagnertellsusinhisautobiographythathisearlylifewasinfluencedbythedramasofShakespearthesymphoniesofBeethovenandtheoperasofVonWeber.HisfirstoperaswereconstructedonthelinesoftheFrenchgrandopera.Thefirsttwowereabsolutefailuresbutwiththe【59】ofRienziin1842Wagnerwasproclaimedtheequalifnotthesuperior【60】BelliniDonizettiandMeyerbeer.Inthewritingofthisworkhehaddiscoveredthedramaticabsurditiesoftheform【61】inhisnextworkTheFlyingDutchmanheattemptedhisfirstimportantuseoftheleitmotiforcharacteristic【62】forhisdifferentpersonagesandalsousedthesethemesinanticipationoftheadventofhischaractersinamannerhelaterdescribedasmakingtheaudienceapartofthebeing.【63】hiswaytoDresdentoconductRienziWagnervisitedtheWartburgCastleandtherehebecamefamiliar【64】thelegendarystorieswhichheusedinallhislaterworks.TannhausergivesanactualdescriptionoftheMinnesingerKnightswhoinspiredWagner【65】TeutonicversionsofTheRingoftheNibelungsLohengrinTristanandIsoldeandParsifal.
RichardWagner RichardWagner1813~1883isregardedbymany【51】TheRevolutionistofOperawhodemolishedalloldformsandwhoreconstructedthemusicdrama【52】principlesentirelyhisown.Inthestrictest【53】thisbeliefisnotjustifiedforWagnersimplyreturnedtotheoldestversionofthemusicdrama.HefoundthattheidealconstructionoftheoperainFlorencehadbeentoproduceworkinwhichthemusicdramaandinterpretationshouldbe【54】equalimportance.WagnerstudiedthechangesandabuseswhichGluckhad【55】correctandfoundthattheopera【56】ofthenineteenthcenturyhad【57】backintomanyoftheoldcustomswiththeresultthattherewasnolongeracomplete【58】ofthethreefundamentalsofopera. WagnertellsusinhisautobiographythathisearlylifewasinfluencedbythedramasofShakespearthesymphoniesofBeethovenandtheoperasofVonWeber.HisfirstoperaswereconstructedonthelinesoftheFrenchgrandopera.Thefirsttwowereabsolutefailuresbutwiththe【59】ofRienziin1842Wagnerwasproclaimedtheequalifnotthesuperior【60】BelliniDonizettiandMeyerbeer.Inthewritingofthisworkhehaddiscoveredthedramaticabsurditiesoftheform【61】inhisnextworkTheFlyingDutchmanheattemptedhisfirstimportantuseoftheleitmotiforcharacteristic【62】forhisdifferentpersonagesandalsousedthesethemesinanticipationoftheadventofhischaractersinamannerhelaterdescribedasmakingtheaudienceapartofthebeing.【63】hiswaytoDresdentoconductRienziWagnervisitedtheWartburgCastleandtherehebecamefamiliar【64】thelegendarystorieswhichheusedinallhislaterworks.TannhausergivesanactualdescriptionoftheMinnesingerKnightswhoinspiredWagner【65】TeutonicversionsofTheRingoftheNibelungsLohengrinTristanandIsoldeandParsifal.
AHierarchyofHormones Allofthecellsinaparticularplantstartoutwiththesamecomplementofgenes.Howthencanthesecellsdifferentiateandfromstructuresasdifferentasrootsstemsleavesandfruits?Theansweristhatonlyasmallsubsetofthegenesinaparticularkindofcellareexpressedorturnedonatagiventime.Thisisaccomplishedbyacomplexsystemofchemicalmessengersthatinplantsincludehormonesandotherregulatorymolecules.Fivemajorhormoneshavebeenidentified;auxin生长素abscisicacid脱落酸cytokinin细胞激动素hetylene乙烯andgibberellin赤霉素.Studiesofplantshavenowidentifiedanewclassofregulatorymoleculescalledoligosaccharins. Unliketheoligosaccharinsthefivewell-knownplanthormonesarepleiotropic多向性的ratherthanspecificthatiseachhasmorethanoneeffectonthegrowthanddevelopmentofplants.Thefivehavesomanysimultaneouseffectsthattheyarenotveryusefulinartificiallycontrollingthegrowthofcrops.Auxinforinstancestimulatestherateofcellelongation拉长causesshootstogrowupandrootstogrowdownandinhibitsthegrowthoflateral侧面的shoots.Auxinalsocausestheplanttodevelopavascular维管的systemtofromlateralrootsandtoproduceethylene. Thepleiotropyofthefivewell-studiedplanthormonesissomewhatanalogous类似的tothatofcertainhormonesinanimal.Forexamplehormonesfromthehypothalamus下五脑inthebrainstimulatetheanterior前面的lobeofthepituitaryglandtosynthesizeandreleasemanydifferenthormonesoneofwhichstimulatesthereleaseofhormonesfromtheadrenal肾上腺的cortex皮质|.Thesehormoneshavespecificeffectsontargetorgansalloverthebody.Onehormonestimulatesthethyroid甲状腺的glandforexampleanothertheovarian子房folliclecellsandsoforth.Inotherwordsthereisahierarchy统治集团ofhormones. Suchahierarchymayalsoexistinplants.Oligosaccharinsarefragmentsofthecellwallreleasedbyenzymes酶:differentenzymesreleasedifferentoligosaccharins.Thereareindicationsthatpleiotropicplanthormonesmayactuallyfunctionbyactivatingtheenzymesthatreleasetheseothermorespecificchemicalmessengersfromthecellwall. Thepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingisafunctionlikelytobeperformedbyanoligosacharin?
Nurses Thephysiciansinahospitalformthecoreofthemedicalstaff.Buttheycouldnotprovideeffectivemedicalcaretotheirpatientswithoutthehelpofnumerousothermedicalworkers.Fromtheangleofthepatientsthenursingstaffisparticularlyimportant.Nursesareusuallyinclosecontactwithpatientsaslongastheyareinthehospital. Anursedoesnotstudyforasmanyyearsasadoctor.Howevereachmustbeequallytrained.Caringforsickpersonsrequiresagreatdealofpatienceandconcern.Mostnursesworklongdaysandtheyoftenmustworkatoddhoursorduringthenight. Thenursingstaffinahospitalisusuallyquitelargeandvarious.Nursingservicesafterallmustbeprovidedona24-hourbasis.Thereareprofessional专业的nursespracticalnursesnursesaidsandorderlies勤杂工.Thegeneraltermnursereferstoapersontrainedtoofferbedsidecaretosickpersons. Underthesupervision管理oftheheadnursethenursingstaffinahospitalwardmustattendtopatients’’needs.Thisresponsibilitycontinuesaroundtheclockandsonursesmustworkinshifts.Ashiftisaperiodofdutyusuallyeighthoursinlength.Thenursesonthewardrotate轮换theirshifts.Sometaketurnsworkingnightduty;othersworkoddshifts.Allofthemworkoutofacentralareaonthewardcalledthenursesstation. Anursemustalwaysbeonherguard.Shecanneveraffordtobecareless.Thisistrueinallnursingsituationsbutitisespeciallytrueintheintensivecareunit.Patientsunderintensivecarearecriticallyillandtheymustbemonitoredatalltimes.Thenurseswhodointensivecaredutyhaveoneofthemostdemandingjobsinthehospital. Anurseisnotqualifiedifshedoesnothavepatienceandshowconcernforherpatients.
Thedoctorsoonmadetheworriedpatientfeelcomfortable.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????TheAmericanFamily{{/B}}??Inthe Americanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecisionmaking. Whenthechildrenare{{U}}?51?{{/U}}enoughtheytakepartaswell. Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness宽容ofAmericanparents. Theoldrulethatchildrenshouldbeseenandnotheardisrarely{{U}} ?52?{{/U}}andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo{{U}}?53 ?{{/U}}theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldom expectshischildrentolistentohim{{U}}?54?{{/U}}questionand childrenareencouragedtobe{{U}}?55?{{/U}}atanearlyage.Some peoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom{{U}}?56 ?{{/U}}far.Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot{{U}}?57 ?{{/U}}theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericans emphasizetheimportanceofindependenceyoungpeopleareexpectedto{{U}} ?58?{{/U}}theirparentalfamiliesbythetimetheyhave{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}theirlateteensorearlytwenties.Indeednottodosoisoften regardedasA.{{U}}?60?{{/U}}akindofweakdependence.? ?Thispatternofindependenceoftenresultsinserious{{U}}?61 ?{{/U}}fortheagingparentsofasmallfamily.TheaverageAmericanis expectedtolive{{U}}?62?{{/U}}theageof70.Thejob-retirementage is{{U}}?63?{{/U}}65.Thechildrenhavelefthomemarriedand{{U}} ?64?{{/U}}theirownhouseholds.Atleast20percentofallpeople over.65donothaveenoughretirementincomes.{{U}}?65?{{/U}}the majorproblemofmanyelderlycouplesisnoteconomic.Theyfeeluselessand lonelywithneitheranoccupationnoraclosefamily group.
AHierarchyofHormones Allofthecellsinaparticularplantstartoutwiththesamecomplementofgenes.Howthencanthesecellsdifferentiateandfromstructuresasdifferentasrootsstemsleavesandfruits?Theansweristhatonlyasmallsubsetofthegenesinaparticularkindofcellareexpressedorturnedonatagiventime.Thisisaccomplishedbyacomplexsystemofchemicalmessengersthatinplantsincludehormonesandotherregulatorymolecules.Fivemajorhormoneshavebeenidentified;auxin生长素abscisicacid脱落酸cytokinin细胞激动素hetylene乙烯andgibberellin赤霉素.Studiesofplantshavenowidentifiedanewclassofregulatorymoleculescalledoligosaccharins. Unliketheoligosaccharinsthefivewell-knownplanthormonesarepleiotropic多向性的ratherthanspecificthatiseachhasmorethanoneeffectonthegrowthanddevelopmentofplants.Thefivehavesomanysimultaneouseffectsthattheyarenotveryusefulinartificiallycontrollingthegrowthofcrops.Auxinforinstancestimulatestherateofcellelongation拉长causesshootstogrowupandrootstogrowdownandinhibitsthegrowthoflateral侧面的shoots.Auxinalsocausestheplanttodevelopavascular维管的systemtofromlateralrootsandtoproduceethylene. Thepleiotropyofthefivewell-studiedplanthormonesissomewhatanalogous类似的tothatofcertainhormonesinanimal.Forexamplehormonesfromthehypothalamus下五脑inthebrainstimulatetheanterior前面的lobeofthepituitaryglandtosynthesizeandreleasemanydifferenthormonesoneofwhichstimulatesthereleaseofhormonesfromtheadrenal肾上腺的cortex皮质|.Thesehormoneshavespecificeffectsontargetorgansalloverthebody.Onehormonestimulatesthethyroid甲状腺的glandforexampleanothertheovarian子房folliclecellsandsoforth.Inotherwordsthereisahierarchy统治集团ofhormones. Suchahierarchymayalsoexistinplants.Oligosaccharinsarefragmentsofthecellwallreleasedbyenzymes酶:differentenzymesreleasedifferentoligosaccharins.Thereareindicationsthatpleiotropicplanthormonesmayactuallyfunctionbyactivatingtheenzymesthatreleasetheseothermorespecificchemicalmessengersfromthecellwall. Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingbestdescribesafunctionperformedbyoligosacchains?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????TheAmericanFamily{{/B}}??Inthe Americanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecisionmaking. Whenthechildrenare{{U}}?51?{{/U}}enoughtheytakepartaswell. Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness宽容ofAmericanparents. Theoldrulethatchildrenshouldbeseenandnotheardisrarely{{U}} ?52?{{/U}}andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo{{U}}?53 ?{{/U}}theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldom expectshischildrentolistentohim{{U}}?54?{{/U}}questionand childrenareencouragedtobe{{U}}?55?{{/U}}atanearlyage.Some peoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom{{U}}?56 ?{{/U}}far.Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot{{U}}?57 ?{{/U}}theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericans emphasizetheimportanceofindependenceyoungpeopleareexpectedto{{U}} ?58?{{/U}}theirparentalfamiliesbythetimetheyhave{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}theirlateteensorearlytwenties.Indeednottodosoisoften regardedasA.{{U}}?60?{{/U}}akindofweakdependence.? ?Thispatternofindependenceoftenresultsinserious{{U}}?61 ?{{/U}}fortheagingparentsofasmallfamily.TheaverageAmericanis expectedtolive{{U}}?62?{{/U}}theageof70.Thejob-retirementage is{{U}}?63?{{/U}}65.Thechildrenhavelefthomemarriedand{{U}} ?64?{{/U}}theirownhouseholds.Atleast20percentofallpeople over.65donothaveenoughretirementincomes.{{U}}?65?{{/U}}the majorproblemofmanyelderlycouplesisnoteconomic.Theyfeeluselessand lonelywithneitheranoccupationnoraclosefamily group.
RichardWagner RichardWagner1813~1883isregardedbymany【51】TheRevolutionistofOperawhodemolishedalloldformsandwhoreconstructedthemusicdrama【52】principlesentirelyhisown.Inthestrictest【53】thisbeliefisnotjustifiedforWagnersimplyreturnedtotheoldestversionofthemusicdrama.HefoundthattheidealconstructionoftheoperainFlorencehadbeentoproduceworkinwhichthemusicdramaandinterpretationshouldbe【54】equalimportance.WagnerstudiedthechangesandabuseswhichGluckhad【55】correctandfoundthattheopera【56】ofthenineteenthcenturyhad【57】backintomanyoftheoldcustomswiththeresultthattherewasnolongeracomplete【58】ofthethreefundamentalsofopera. WagnertellsusinhisautobiographythathisearlylifewasinfluencedbythedramasofShakespearthesymphoniesofBeethovenandtheoperasofVonWeber.HisfirstoperaswereconstructedonthelinesoftheFrenchgrandopera.Thefirsttwowereabsolutefailuresbutwiththe【59】ofRienziin1842Wagnerwasproclaimedtheequalifnotthesuperior【60】BelliniDonizettiandMeyerbeer.Inthewritingofthisworkhehaddiscoveredthedramaticabsurditiesoftheform【61】inhisnextworkTheFlyingDutchmanheattemptedhisfirstimportantuseoftheleitmotiforcharacteristic【62】forhisdifferentpersonagesandalsousedthesethemesinanticipationoftheadventofhischaractersinamannerhelaterdescribedasmakingtheaudienceapartofthebeing.【63】hiswaytoDresdentoconductRienziWagnervisitedtheWartburgCastleandtherehebecamefamiliar【64】thelegendarystorieswhichheusedinallhislaterworks.TannhausergivesanactualdescriptionoftheMinnesingerKnightswhoinspiredWagner【65】TeutonicversionsofTheRingoftheNibelungsLohengrinTristanandIsoldeandParsifal.
AdaptationofLivingThings Certainanimalsandplantsdevelopcharacteristicsthathelpthemcopewiththeirenvironmentbetterthanothersoftheirkind.Thisnaturalbiologicalprocessiscalledadaptation.Amongthesuperiorcharacteristicsdevelopedthroughadaptationarethosethatmayhelpingettingfoodorshelterinprovidingprotectionandinproducingandprotectingtheyoung.Thatresultsintheevolutionofmoreandmoreorganismsthatarebetterfittedtotheirenvironments. Eachlivingthingisadaptedtoitswayoflifeinageneralwaybuteachisadaptedespeciallytoitsowndistinctclass.Aplantforexampledependsuponitsrootstofixitselffirmlyandtoabsorbwaterandinorganicchemicals.Itdependsuponitsgreenleavesforusingthesun’’senergytomakefoodfrominorganicchemicals.Thesearegeneraladaptationscommontomostplants.Inadditiontherearespecialadaptationsthatonlycertainkindsofplantshave. Manyanimalshaveadaptationsthathelpthemescapefromtheirenemies.Someinsectsarehiddenbytheirbodycolororshapeandmanylooklikealeaforalittlebranch.Thecoatsofdeerarecoloredtomixwiththesurroundings.Manyanimalshavetheabilitytoremaincompletelystillwhenanenemyisnear. Organismshaveagreatvarietyofwaysofadapting.Theymayadaptintheirstructurefunctionandgenetics;intheirdevelopmentandproductionoftheyoung;andinotherrespects.Anorganismmaycreateitswonenvironmentasdowarm-bloodedmammalswhichhavetheabilitytoadjustbodyheatexactlytomaintaintheiridealtemperaturedespitechangingweather.Usuallyadaptationsareanadvantagebutsometimesanorganismissowelladaptedtoaparticularenvironmentthatifconditionschangeitfindsitdifficultorimpossibletoreadapttothenewconditions. Someplantsandanimalsdevelopsuperiorcharacteristicssothattheymay______.
Theworkersfinallycalledoffthestrike.
Thedoctorshaveabandonedthehopetorescuetheoldman.
AdaptationofLivingThings Certainanimalsandplantsdevelopcharacteristicsthathelpthemcopewiththeirenvironmentbetterthanothersoftheirkind.Thisnaturalbiologicalprocessiscalledadaptation.Amongthesuperiorcharacteristicsdevelopedthroughadaptationarethosethatmayhelpingettingfoodorshelterinprovidingprotectionandinproducingandprotectingtheyoung.Thatresultsintheevolutionofmoreandmoreorganismsthatarebetterfittedtotheirenvironments. Eachlivingthingisadaptedtoitswayoflifeinageneralwaybuteachisadaptedespeciallytoitsowndistinctclass.Aplantforexampledependsuponitsrootstofixitselffirmlyandtoabsorbwaterandinorganicchemicals.Itdependsuponitsgreenleavesforusingthesun’’senergytomakefoodfrominorganicchemicals.Thesearegeneraladaptationscommontomostplants.Inadditiontherearespecialadaptationsthatonlycertainkindsofplantshave. Manyanimalshaveadaptationsthathelpthemescapefromtheirenemies.Someinsectsarehiddenbytheirbodycolororshapeandmanylooklikealeaforalittlebranch.Thecoatsofdeerarecoloredtomixwiththesurroundings.Manyanimalshavetheabilitytoremaincompletelystillwhenanenemyisnear. Organismshaveagreatvarietyofwaysofadapting.Theymayadaptintheirstructurefunctionandgenetics;intheirdevelopmentandproductionoftheyoung;andinotherrespects.Anorganismmaycreateitswonenvironmentasdowarm-bloodedmammalswhichhavetheabilitytoadjustbodyheatexactlytomaintaintheiridealtemperaturedespitechangingweather.Usuallyadaptationsareanadvantagebutsometimesanorganismissowelladaptedtoaparticularenvironmentthatifconditionschangeitfindsitdifficultorimpossibletoreadapttothenewconditions. Theauthorcitesthebehaviorofwarm-bloodedmammalsinordertoillustratewhichofthefollowing?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????TheAmericanFamily{{/B}}??Inthe Americanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecisionmaking. Whenthechildrenare{{U}}?51?{{/U}}enoughtheytakepartaswell. Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness宽容ofAmericanparents. Theoldrulethatchildrenshouldbeseenandnotheardisrarely{{U}} ?52?{{/U}}andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo{{U}}?53 ?{{/U}}theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldom expectshischildrentolistentohim{{U}}?54?{{/U}}questionand childrenareencouragedtobe{{U}}?55?{{/U}}atanearlyage.Some peoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom{{U}}?56 ?{{/U}}far.Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot{{U}}?57 ?{{/U}}theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericans emphasizetheimportanceofindependenceyoungpeopleareexpectedto{{U}} ?58?{{/U}}theirparentalfamiliesbythetimetheyhave{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}theirlateteensorearlytwenties.Indeednottodosoisoften regardedasA.{{U}}?60?{{/U}}akindofweakdependence.? ?Thispatternofindependenceoftenresultsinserious{{U}}?61 ?{{/U}}fortheagingparentsofasmallfamily.TheaverageAmericanis expectedtolive{{U}}?62?{{/U}}theageof70.Thejob-retirementage is{{U}}?63?{{/U}}65.Thechildrenhavelefthomemarriedand{{U}} ?64?{{/U}}theirownhouseholds.Atleast20percentofallpeople over.65donothaveenoughretirementincomes.{{U}}?65?{{/U}}the majorproblemofmanyelderlycouplesisnoteconomic.Theyfeeluselessand lonelywithneitheranoccupationnoraclosefamily group.
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