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Successful Language Learners ? ?1. Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can...
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SuccessfulLanguageLearners??1.Somepeopleseemtohave
SuccessfulLanguageLearners??1.Somepeopleseemtohave
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SuccessfulLanguageLearners??1.Somepeopleseemtohave
SuccessfulLanguageLearners??1.Somepeopleseemtohave
Ifwetakeacloselookatsuccessfullanguagelearnerswema
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First of all
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SuccessfulLanguageLearners??1.Somepeopleseemtohave
阅读下列短文根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文Learningalanguageis
阅读下列短文根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文Learningfllanguagei
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Hebeganhistalkbygivingaconcisedefinitionofpost-modernism.
DiningCustom EverylandhasitsowndiningcustomandtheUnitedStatesisnoexception.Americansfeelthatthefirstruleofbeingapoliteguestistobeontime.Ifapersonisinvitedtodinnerat6:30thehostessexpectshimtobethereat6:30ornotmorethanafewminutesafter.Becausesheusuallydoesherowncookingshetimesthemealsothatthecoffeeandmeatwillbeattheirbestatthetimesheaskstheguesttocome.Ifheislatethefoodwillnotbesogoodandthehostesswillbedisappointed.Whentheguestcannotcomeontimehecallshishostorhostessonthetelephonegivesthereasonandtellsatwhattimehethinkshecancome Asguestscontinuetoarrivethemeninthegroupstandwhenawomanentersandremainstandinguntilshefindsachair.Amanalwaysriseswhenheisbeingintroducedtoawoman.Awomandoesnotrisewhensheisbeingintroducedeithertoamanorawomanunlessthewomanismucholder. Whentheguestssitdownatadinnertableitiscustomaryforthementohelptheladiesbypushingtheirchairsunderthem. EvenanAmericanmaybeconfusedbythenumberofknivesforksandspoonsbesideshisplatewhenhesitsdowntoaformaldinner.Theruleissimplehowever:usethemintheorderinwhichtheyliebeginningfromtheoutside.Orwatchthehostessanddowhatshedoes.Thesmallforkontheoutsideontheleftisforsaladwhichisoftenservedwiththesoup.Thespoonontheoutsideattherightisforsoupandsoon.Sometimesthereisaseparatelittleknifecalledabutterspreaderonasmallbread-and-butterplateattheleft.Asthebreadispassedeachguestputshispieceonthebread-and-butterplate. Therightordertousetheknivesforksandspoonsataformaldinnerisfromthelefttotheright.
{{*HTML*}}OldManMythsandRealities??1.Whendoesamiddle-agedmanbecomeanoldman?Officiallyofcourseit’swhenwereachretirementage.Butasweallknowthisisafairlyblunt生硬的methodofdecisionmaking.Aslifeexpectancy预期寿命increasesretirementplanningneedstobechanged.Thisisbecausebeinganoldmantodayisverydifferentfromwhatitwasagenerationorsoago.??2.Sixty-fiveisthenewmiddle-agedman.Thesedayspeoplearetalkingabouttheyoung-oldthatisages70—75andthoseover75astheold-old.Theyoung-oldfrequentlycontinueingoodhealthandmaintainstronglinkswithfriendsandfamily.Theold-oldhaveamuchhigherchanceofpoorhealthandsocialisolation.??3.Althoughmenarelivinglongertherearestillmoreoldwomenthanoldmen.Thisfactaloneshouldarouseinterestastowhy.Relativelylittleisactuallyknownaboutwhythisisthecaseorabouttheexperiencesoftheoldman.Sureweareawarethattheoldmanexperiencesanxietyfinancialproblemslonelinessetc.butthat’sreallyaboutallweknow.??4.Itisusuallybelievedthattheoldmanoftencomplainsabouttheirhealth.Infactmostoldmanthinktheirhealthisgoodeventhoughmostarediagnosedwithatleastonechronicillness.Thephysicalhealthoftheoldmanisstronglyaffectedbytheirhealthbehaviorwhentheywereyounger.{{*HTML*}}A.NewDefinitionsoftheOldMan??B.ChangingConceptoftheOldMan??C.HealthoftheOldMan??D.HappyOldManAndSadOldMan??E.LimitedKnowledgeoftheOldMan’sExperiences??F.ContemptfortheOldMan??Paragraph1______
Itissaidthatthehousesalongthisstreetwillsoonbedemolished.
DiningCustom EverylandhasitsowndiningcustomandtheUnitedStatesisnoexception.Americansfeelthatthefirstruleofbeingapoliteguestistobeontime.Ifapersonisinvitedtodinnerat6:30thehostessexpectshimtobethereat6:30ornotmorethanafewminutesafter.Becausesheusuallydoesherowncookingshetimesthemealsothatthecoffeeandmeatwillbeattheirbestatthetimesheaskstheguesttocome.Ifheislatethefoodwillnotbesogoodandthehostesswillbedisappointed.Whentheguestcannotcomeontimehecallshishostorhostessonthetelephonegivesthereasonandtellsatwhattimehethinkshecancome Asguestscontinuetoarrivethemeninthegroupstandwhenawomanentersandremainstandinguntilshefindsachair.Amanalwaysriseswhenheisbeingintroducedtoawoman.Awomandoesnotrisewhensheisbeingintroducedeithertoamanorawomanunlessthewomanismucholder. Whentheguestssitdownatadinnertableitiscustomaryforthementohelptheladiesbypushingtheirchairsunderthem. EvenanAmericanmaybeconfusedbythenumberofknivesforksandspoonsbesideshisplatewhenhesitsdowntoaformaldinner.Theruleissimplehowever:usethemintheorderinwhichtheyliebeginningfromtheoutside.Orwatchthehostessanddowhatshedoes.Thesmallforkontheoutsideontheleftisforsaladwhichisoftenservedwiththesoup.Thespoonontheoutsideattherightisforsoupandsoon.Sometimesthereisaseparatelittleknifecalledabutterspreaderonasmallbread-and-butterplateattheleft.Asthebreadispassedeachguestputshispieceonthebread-and-butterplate. Atadinnertableitiscustomaryforthementoarrangechairsforladies.
MedicalJournals Medicaljournalsarepublicationsthatreportmedicalinformationtophysiciansandotherhealthprofessionals. Inthepastthesejournalswereavailableonlyinprint.WiththedevelopmentofelectronicpublishingmanymedicaljournalsnowhaveWebsitesontheInternetandsomejournalspublishonlyonline.AfewmedicaljournalsliketheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationareconsideredgeneralmedicaljournalsbecausetheycovermanyfieldsofmedicine.Mostmedicaljournalsarespecialtyjournalsthatfocusonaparticularareaofmedicine. Medicaljournalspublishmanytypesofarticles.Researcharticlesreporttheresultsofresearchstudiesonarangeoftopicsvaryingfromthebasicmechanismsofdiseasestoclinicaltrialsthatcompareoutcomesofdifferenttreatments.Reviewarticlessummarizeandanalyzetheinformationavailableonaspecifictopicbasedonacarefulsearchofthemedicalliterature. Becausetheresultsofindividualresearchstudiescanbeaffectedbymanyfactorscombiningresultsfromdifferentstudiesonthesametopiccanbehelpfulinreachingconclusionsaboutthescientificevidenceforpreventingdiagnosingortreatingaparticulardisease.Caseconferencesandcasereportsmaybepublishedinmedicaljournalstoeducatephysiciansaboutparticularillnessesandhowtotreatatthem.Editorialsinmedicaljournalsareshortessaysthatexpresstheviewsoftheauthorsoftenregardingaresearchorreviewarticlepublishedinthesameissue. Editorialsprovideperspectiveonhowthecurrentarticlefitswithotherinformationonthesametopic.Letterstotheeditorprovideawayforreadersofthemedicaljournaltoexpresscommentsquestionsorcriticismsaboutarticlespublishedinthatjournal. Themainreadersofmedicaljournalsare
DiningCustom EverylandhasitsowndiningcustomandtheUnitedStatesisnoexception.Americansfeelthatthefirstruleofbeingapoliteguestistobeontime.Ifapersonisinvitedtodinnerat6:30thehostessexpectshimtobethereat6:30ornotmorethanafewminutesafter.Becausesheusuallydoesherowncookingshetimesthemealsothatthecoffeeandmeatwillbeattheirbestatthetimesheaskstheguesttocome.Ifheislatethefoodwillnotbesogoodandthehostesswillbedisappointed.Whentheguestcannotcomeontimehecallshishostorhostessonthetelephonegivesthereasonandtellsatwhattimehethinkshecancome Asguestscontinuetoarrivethemeninthegroupstandwhenawomanentersandremainstandinguntilshefindsachair.Amanalwaysriseswhenheisbeingintroducedtoawoman.Awomandoesnotrisewhensheisbeingintroducedeithertoamanorawomanunlessthewomanismucholder. Whentheguestssitdownatadinnertableitiscustomaryforthementohelptheladiesbypushingtheirchairsunderthem. EvenanAmericanmaybeconfusedbythenumberofknivesforksandspoonsbesideshisplatewhenhesitsdowntoaformaldinner.Theruleissimplehowever:usethemintheorderinwhichtheyliebeginningfromtheoutside.Orwatchthehostessanddowhatshedoes.Thesmallforkontheoutsideontheleftisforsaladwhichisoftenservedwiththesoup.Thespoonontheoutsideattherightisforsoupandsoon.Sometimesthereisaseparatelittleknifecalledabutterspreaderonasmallbread-and-butterplateattheleft.Asthebreadispassedeachguestputshispieceonthebread-and-butterplate. Theguestisexpectedtoarriveontimebecausethecoffeeandmeatwillbeattheirbestatthetimeheisrequiredtocome.
Readingthejobadhewonderedwhetherhewaseligibletoapplyforit.
Thenewjobwillprovideyouwithinvaluableexperience.
{{*HTML*}}HowOneSimpleMovementCanLetSliptheSecretsoftheMind??Bodylanguageisthequietsecretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itissaidthatourbodymovementscommunicateabout50percentofwhatwereallymeanwhilewordsthemselvesonlyexpress7percent.Sowhileyourmouthisclosedjustwhatisyourbodysaying.???Arms.?46?Ifyoukeepyourarmstothesidesofyourbodyorbehindyourbackthissuggestsyouarenotafraidoftakingonwhatevercomesyourway.?47?Ifsomeoneupsetsyoujustcrossyourarmstoshowyou’reunhappy!???Head.Whenyouwanttoappearconfidentkeepyourheadlevel.Ifyouaremonitorinclassyoucanalsotakeonthispositionwhenyouwantyourwordstobetakenseriously.?48????Legs.Yourlegstendtomovearoundalotmorethannormalwhenyouarenervousortellinglies.Ifyouareatinterviewstrytokeepthemstill!???Posture.Agoodposturemakesyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.?49?Thismakesbreathingmoredifficultwhichinturncanmakeyoufeelnervousoruncomfortable.???Mouth.Whenyouarethinkingyouoftenpurseyourlips.Youmightalsousethispositiontoholdbackallangrycommentyoudon’twishtoshow.?50????A.Ifyouarefeelingdownyounormallydon’tsitstraightwithyourshouldersinwards.???B.Ifyouarepleasedyouusuallyopenyoureyeswideandpeoplecannoticethis.???C.Outgoingpeoplegenerallyusetheirarmswithbigmovementswhilequieterpeoplekeepthemclosetotheirbodies.???D.Howyouholdyourarmsshowshowopenandreceptiveyouaretopeopleyoumeet.???E.Howeveritwillprobablystillbenoticedandpeoplewillknowyou’renotpleased.???F.Howevertobefriendlyinlisteningorspeakingyoumustmoveyourheadalittletooneside.
MedicalJournals Medicaljournalsarepublicationsthatreportmedicalinformationtophysiciansandotherhealthprofessionals. Inthepastthesejournalswereavailableonlyinprint.WiththedevelopmentofelectronicpublishingmanymedicaljournalsnowhaveWebsitesontheInternetandsomejournalspublishonlyonline.AfewmedicaljournalsliketheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationareconsideredgeneralmedicaljournalsbecausetheycovermanyfieldsofmedicine.Mostmedicaljournalsarespecialtyjournalsthatfocusonaparticularareaofmedicine. Medicaljournalspublishmanytypesofarticles.Researcharticlesreporttheresultsofresearchstudiesonarangeoftopicsvaryingfromthebasicmechanismsofdiseasestoclinicaltrialsthatcompareoutcomesofdifferenttreatments.Reviewarticlessummarizeandanalyzetheinformationavailableonaspecifictopicbasedonacarefulsearchofthemedicalliterature. Becausetheresultsofindividualresearchstudiescanbeaffectedbymanyfactorscombiningresultsfromdifferentstudiesonthesametopiccanbehelpfulinreachingconclusionsaboutthescientificevidenceforpreventingdiagnosingortreatingaparticulardisease.Caseconferencesandcasereportsmaybepublishedinmedicaljournalstoeducatephysiciansaboutparticularillnessesandhowtotreatatthem.Editorialsinmedicaljournalsareshortessaysthatexpresstheviewsoftheauthorsoftenregardingaresearchorreviewarticlepublishedinthesameissue. Editorialsprovideperspectiveonhowthecurrentarticlefitswithotherinformationonthesametopic.Letterstotheeditorprovideawayforreadersofthemedicaljournaltoexpresscommentsquestionsorcriticismsaboutarticlespublishedinthatjournal. Howmanymajortypesofarticlesarementionedinthepassage
FordAbandonsElectricVehicles TheFordmotorcompany’sabandonmentofelectriccarseffectivelysignalstheendoftheroadforthetechnologyanalystssay. GeneralMotorsandHondaceasedproductionofbattery-poweredcarsin1999tofocusonfuelcellandhybridelectricgasolineengineswhicharemoreattractivetotheconsumers.Fordhasnowannounceditwilldothesame. ThreeyearsagothecompanyintroducedtheThinkCitytwo-seatercarandagolfcartcalledtheTHINKorThinkNeighbor.Ithopedtosell5000carseachyearand10000carts.Butalackofdemandmeansonlyabout1000ofthecarshavebeenproducedandlessthan1700cartshavebeensoldsofarin2002. "Thebottomlineiswedon’tbelievethatthisisthefutureofenvironmenttransportforthemassmarket"TimHolmesofFordEuropesaidonFriday."Wefeelwehavegivenelectricourbestshot." TheThinkCityhasarangeofonlyabout53milesanduptoasix-hourbatteryrechargetime.GeneralMotors’EVIelectricvehiclealsohadalimitedrangeofabout100miles. Theveryexpensivebatteriesalsomeanelectriccarscostmuchmorethanpetrol-poweredalternatives.AnelectricToyotaRAV4EVvehiclecostsover$42000intheUScomparedwithjust$17000forthepetrolversion.ToyotaandNissanarenowtheonlymajorautomanufacturerstoproduceelectricvehicles. "Thereisafeelingthatbatteryelectrichasbeengivenitschance.Fordnowhastomoveonwithitshybridprogramandthatiswhatwewillbejudgingthemon"RogerHigmanaseniortransportcampaigneratUKFriendsoftheEarthtoldtheEnvironmentNewsService. HybridcarsintroducedbyToyotaandHondainthepastfewyearshavesoldwell.Hybridenginesoffergreatermileagethanpetrol—onlyenginesandthebatteriesrechargethemselves.Fordsaysitthinkssuchvehicleswillhelpitmeetplannednewguidelines"onvehicleemissions"intheUS. Howeveritisnotyetclearexactlywhatthoseguidelineswillpermit.InJuneGeneralMotorsandDaimlerChryslerwonacourtinjunctiondelayingbytwoyearsCalifornianlegislationrequiringcar-makerstooffer100000zero-emissionandotherlow-emissionvehiclesinthestateby2003.Carmanufacturershopethelegislationwillberewrittentoallowformorelow-emissionratherthanzero-emissionvehicles. Whichautomanufacturersarestillproducingelectricvehicles
WhereDidAlltheShipsGo TheBermudaTriangleisone51thegreatestmysteriesofthesea.InthistriangularareabetweenFloridaPuertoRicoandBermudainAtlanticshipsandairplanes52todisappearmoreoftenthanin53partsoftheocean.Andtheydoso54leavinganysignofallaccidentoranydeadbodies. Itis55thatChristopherColumbuswasthefirstpersontorecordstrangehappeningsinthearea.Hiscompassstoppedworkingaflamecameclownfromtheskyandawave100to200-feet-highcarriedhisshipaboutamileaway. ThemostfamousdisappearanceintheBermudaTrianglewastheUSNavalAirFlight19.56December51945fivebomberplanescarrying14men57onatrainingmissionfromtheFloridacoast.LaterthatdayallcommunicationswithFlight19werelost.Theyjustdisappearedwithoutatrace. Thenextmorning242planesand19shipstookpartinthelargestair-seasearchinhistory.Buttheyfoundnothing. Somepeopleblamethedisappearances58supernaturalforces.Itissuggestedthe59shipsandplaneswereeithertransportedtoothertimesandplaceskidnappedbyaliens60attackedbyseacreatures. Thereare61naturalexplanationsthough.TheUSNavysaysthattheBermudaTriangleisoneoftwoplacesonearth52amagneticcompasspointstowardstruenorth63magneticnorth.64planesandshipscanlosetheirwayiftheydon’tmakeadjustments. Theareaalsohaschangingweatherandisknown65itshighwaves.Stormscanturnupsuddenlyanddestroyaplaneorship.Fastcurrentscouldthensweepawayanytraceofanaccident. 53
{{*HTML*}}OldManMythsandRealities??1.Whendoesamiddle-agedmanbecomeanoldman?Officiallyofcourseit’swhenwereachretirementage.Butasweallknowthisisafairlyblunt生硬的methodofdecisionmaking.Aslifeexpectancy预期寿命increasesretirementplanningneedstobechanged.Thisisbecausebeinganoldmantodayisverydifferentfromwhatitwasagenerationorsoago.??2.Sixty-fiveisthenewmiddle-agedman.Thesedayspeoplearetalkingabouttheyoung-oldthatisages70—75andthoseover75astheold-old.Theyoung-oldfrequentlycontinueingoodhealthandmaintainstronglinkswithfriendsandfamily.Theold-oldhaveamuchhigherchanceofpoorhealthandsocialisolation.??3.Althoughmenarelivinglongertherearestillmoreoldwomenthanoldmen.Thisfactaloneshouldarouseinterestastowhy.Relativelylittleisactuallyknownaboutwhythisisthecaseorabouttheexperiencesoftheoldman.Sureweareawarethattheoldmanexperiencesanxietyfinancialproblemslonelinessetc.butthat’sreallyaboutallweknow.??4.Itisusuallybelievedthattheoldmanoftencomplainsabouttheirhealth.Infactmostoldmanthinktheirhealthisgoodeventhoughmostarediagnosedwithatleastonechronicillness.Thephysicalhealthoftheoldmanisstronglyaffectedbytheirhealthbehaviorwhentheywereyounger.Moreresearchshouldbedoneontheexperiencesof______
Itwashardtosaywhythemandeservedsuchshabbytreatment.
FordAbandonsElectricVehicles TheFordmotorcompany’sabandonmentofelectriccarseffectivelysignalstheendoftheroadforthetechnologyanalystssay. GeneralMotorsandHondaceasedproductionofbattery-poweredcarsin1999tofocusonfuelcellandhybridelectricgasolineengineswhicharemoreattractivetotheconsumers.Fordhasnowannounceditwilldothesame. ThreeyearsagothecompanyintroducedtheThinkCitytwo-seatercarandagolfcartcalledtheTHINKorThinkNeighbor.Ithopedtosell5000carseachyearand10000carts.Butalackofdemandmeansonlyabout1000ofthecarshavebeenproducedandlessthan1700cartshavebeensoldsofarin2002. "Thebottomlineiswedon’tbelievethatthisisthefutureofenvironmenttransportforthemassmarket"TimHolmesofFordEuropesaidonFriday."Wefeelwehavegivenelectricourbestshot." TheThinkCityhasarangeofonlyabout53milesanduptoasix-hourbatteryrechargetime.GeneralMotors’EVIelectricvehiclealsohadalimitedrangeofabout100miles. Theveryexpensivebatteriesalsomeanelectriccarscostmuchmorethanpetrol-poweredalternatives.AnelectricToyotaRAV4EVvehiclecostsover$42000intheUScomparedwithjust$17000forthepetrolversion.ToyotaandNissanarenowtheonlymajorautomanufacturerstoproduceelectricvehicles. "Thereisafeelingthatbatteryelectrichasbeengivenitschance.Fordnowhastomoveonwithitshybridprogramandthatiswhatwewillbejudgingthemon"RogerHigmanaseniortransportcampaigneratUKFriendsoftheEarthtoldtheEnvironmentNewsService. HybridcarsintroducedbyToyotaandHondainthepastfewyearshavesoldwell.Hybridenginesoffergreatermileagethanpetrol—onlyenginesandthebatteriesrechargethemselves.Fordsaysitthinkssuchvehicleswillhelpitmeetplannednewguidelines"onvehicleemissions"intheUS. Howeveritisnotyetclearexactlywhatthoseguidelineswillpermit.InJuneGeneralMotorsandDaimlerChryslerwonacourtinjunctiondelayingbytwoyearsCalifornianlegislationrequiringcar-makerstooffer100000zero-emissionandotherlow-emissionvehiclesinthestateby2003.Carmanufacturershopethelegislationwillberewrittentoallowformorelow-emissionratherthanzero-emissionvehicles. Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthehopeofcarmanufacturersaccordingtothelastparagraph
FordAbandonsElectricVehicles TheFordmotorcompany’sabandonmentofelectriccarseffectivelysignalstheendoftheroadforthetechnologyanalystssay. GeneralMotorsandHondaceasedproductionofbattery-poweredcarsin1999tofocusonfuelcellandhybridelectricgasolineengineswhicharemoreattractivetotheconsumers.Fordhasnowannounceditwilldothesame. ThreeyearsagothecompanyintroducedtheThinkCitytwo-seatercarandagolfcartcalledtheTHINKorThinkNeighbor.Ithopedtosell5000carseachyearand10000carts.Butalackofdemandmeansonlyabout1000ofthecarshavebeenproducedandlessthan1700cartshavebeensoldsofarin2002. "Thebottomlineiswedon’tbelievethatthisisthefutureofenvironmenttransportforthemassmarket"TimHolmesofFordEuropesaidonFriday."Wefeelwehavegivenelectricourbestshot." TheThinkCityhasarangeofonlyabout53milesanduptoasix-hourbatteryrechargetime.GeneralMotors’EVIelectricvehiclealsohadalimitedrangeofabout100miles. Theveryexpensivebatteriesalsomeanelectriccarscostmuchmorethanpetrol-poweredalternatives.AnelectricToyotaRAV4EVvehiclecostsover$42000intheUScomparedwithjust$17000forthepetrolversion.ToyotaandNissanarenowtheonlymajorautomanufacturerstoproduceelectricvehicles. "Thereisafeelingthatbatteryelectrichasbeengivenitschance.Fordnowhastomoveonwithitshybridprogramandthatiswhatwewillbejudgingthemon"RogerHigmanaseniortransportcampaigneratUKFriendsoftheEarthtoldtheEnvironmentNewsService. HybridcarsintroducedbyToyotaandHondainthepastfewyearshavesoldwell.Hybridenginesoffergreatermileagethanpetrol—onlyenginesandthebatteriesrechargethemselves.Fordsaysitthinkssuchvehicleswillhelpitmeetplannednewguidelines"onvehicleemissions"intheUS. Howeveritisnotyetclearexactlywhatthoseguidelineswillpermit.InJuneGeneralMotorsandDaimlerChryslerwonacourtinjunctiondelayingbytwoyearsCalifornianlegislationrequiringcar-makerstooffer100000zero-emissionandotherlow-emissionvehiclesinthestateby2003.Carmanufacturershopethelegislationwillberewrittentoallowformorelow-emissionratherthanzero-emissionvehicles. WhathavetheFordmotorcompanyGeneralMotorsandHondadoneconcerningelectriccars
MedicalJournals Medicaljournalsarepublicationsthatreportmedicalinformationtophysiciansandotherhealthprofessionals. Inthepastthesejournalswereavailableonlyinprint.WiththedevelopmentofelectronicpublishingmanymedicaljournalsnowhaveWebsitesontheInternetandsomejournalspublishonlyonline.AfewmedicaljournalsliketheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationareconsideredgeneralmedicaljournalsbecausetheycovermanyfieldsofmedicine.Mostmedicaljournalsarespecialtyjournalsthatfocusonaparticularareaofmedicine. Medicaljournalspublishmanytypesofarticles.Researcharticlesreporttheresultsofresearchstudiesonarangeoftopicsvaryingfromthebasicmechanismsofdiseasestoclinicaltrialsthatcompareoutcomesofdifferenttreatments.Reviewarticlessummarizeandanalyzetheinformationavailableonaspecifictopicbasedonacarefulsearchofthemedicalliterature. Becausetheresultsofindividualresearchstudiescanbeaffectedbymanyfactorscombiningresultsfromdifferentstudiesonthesametopiccanbehelpfulinreachingconclusionsaboutthescientificevidenceforpreventingdiagnosingortreatingaparticulardisease.Caseconferencesandcasereportsmaybepublishedinmedicaljournalstoeducatephysiciansaboutparticularillnessesandhowtotreatatthem.Editorialsinmedicaljournalsareshortessaysthatexpresstheviewsoftheauthorsoftenregardingaresearchorreviewarticlepublishedinthesameissue. Editorialsprovideperspectiveonhowthecurrentarticlefitswithotherinformationonthesametopic.Letterstotheeditorprovideawayforreadersofthemedicaljournaltoexpresscommentsquestionsorcriticismsaboutarticlespublishedinthatjournal. Letterstotheeditorenablereadersofamedicaljournaltoexpresscommentson.
WhereDidAlltheShipsGo TheBermudaTriangleisone51thegreatestmysteriesofthesea.InthistriangularareabetweenFloridaPuertoRicoandBermudainAtlanticshipsandairplanes52todisappearmoreoftenthanin53partsoftheocean.Andtheydoso54leavinganysignofallaccidentoranydeadbodies. Itis55thatChristopherColumbuswasthefirstpersontorecordstrangehappeningsinthearea.Hiscompassstoppedworkingaflamecameclownfromtheskyandawave100to200-feet-highcarriedhisshipaboutamileaway. ThemostfamousdisappearanceintheBermudaTrianglewastheUSNavalAirFlight19.56December51945fivebomberplanescarrying14men57onatrainingmissionfromtheFloridacoast.LaterthatdayallcommunicationswithFlight19werelost.Theyjustdisappearedwithoutatrace. Thenextmorning242planesand19shipstookpartinthelargestair-seasearchinhistory.Buttheyfoundnothing. Somepeopleblamethedisappearances58supernaturalforces.Itissuggestedthe59shipsandplaneswereeithertransportedtoothertimesandplaceskidnappedbyaliens60attackedbyseacreatures. Thereare61naturalexplanationsthough.TheUSNavysaysthattheBermudaTriangleisoneoftwoplacesonearth52amagneticcompasspointstowardstruenorth63magneticnorth.64planesandshipscanlosetheirwayiftheydon’tmakeadjustments. Theareaalsohaschangingweatherandisknown65itshighwaves.Stormscanturnupsuddenlyanddestroyaplaneorship.Fastcurrentscouldthensweepawayanytraceofanaccident. 57
{{*HTML*}}OldManMythsandRealities??1.Whendoesamiddle-agedmanbecomeanoldman?Officiallyofcourseit’swhenwereachretirementage.Butasweallknowthisisafairlyblunt生硬的methodofdecisionmaking.Aslifeexpectancy预期寿命increasesretirementplanningneedstobechanged.Thisisbecausebeinganoldmantodayisverydifferentfromwhatitwasagenerationorsoago.??2.Sixty-fiveisthenewmiddle-agedman.Thesedayspeoplearetalkingabouttheyoung-oldthatisages70—75andthoseover75astheold-old.Theyoung-oldfrequentlycontinueingoodhealthandmaintainstronglinkswithfriendsandfamily.Theold-oldhaveamuchhigherchanceofpoorhealthandsocialisolation.??3.Althoughmenarelivinglongertherearestillmoreoldwomenthanoldmen.Thisfactaloneshouldarouseinterestastowhy.Relativelylittleisactuallyknownaboutwhythisisthecaseorabouttheexperiencesoftheoldman.Sureweareawarethattheoldmanexperiencesanxietyfinancialproblemslonelinessetc.butthat’sreallyaboutallweknow.??4.Itisusuallybelievedthattheoldmanoftencomplainsabouttheirhealth.Infactmostoldmanthinktheirhealthisgoodeventhoughmostarediagnosedwithatleastonechronicillness.Thephysicalhealthoftheoldmanisstronglyaffectedbytheirhealthbehaviorwhentheywereyounger.Paragraph3______
Inhistwo-hour-longlecturehemadeanexhaustiveanalysisoftheissue.
Animals’"SixthSense" AtsunamiwastriggeredbyanearthquakeintheIndianOceaninDecember2004.ItkilledtensofthousandsofpeopleinAsiaandEastAfrica.Wildanimals51seemtohaveescapedthatterribletsunami.Thisphenomenonaddsweighttonotionsthattheypossessa"sixthsense"for52expertssaid. SriLankanwildlifeofficialshavesaidthegiantwavesthatkilledover24000peoplealongtheIndianOceanisland’scoastclearly53wildbeastswithnodeadanimalsfound. "Noelephantsaredeadnot54adeadrabbit.Ithinkanimalscan55disaster.Theyhaveasixthsense.Theyknowwhenthingsarehappening"H.D.RatnayakedeputydirectorofSriLanka’sWildlifeDepartmentsaidaboutonemonthafterthetsunamiattack.The56washedfloodwatersupto2milesinlandatYalaNationalParkintheravagedsoutheastSriLanka’sbiggestwildlife57andhometohundredsofwildelephantsandseveralleopards. "Therehasbeenalotof58evidenceaboutdogsbarkingorbirdsmigratingbeforevolcaniceruptionsorearthquakes.Butithasnotbeenproven"saidMatthewvanLieropananimalbehavior59atJohannesburgZoo. "Therehavebeenno60studiesbecauseyoucan’treallytestitinalaborfieldsetting"hetoldReuters.Otherauthoritiesconcurredwiththis61. "Wildlifeseemtobeabletopickupcertain62especiallybirds...therearemanyreportsofbirdsdetectingimpendingdisasters"saidCliveWalkerwhohaswrittenseveralbooksonAfricanwildlife.Animals63relyontheknownsensessuchassmellorhearingtoavoiddangersuchaspredators. Thenotionofananimal"sixthsense"—or64othermythicalpowerisanenduringonewhichtheevidenceonSriLanka’sravagedcoastislikelytoaddto. TheRomanssawowls65omensofimpendingdisasterandmanyancientculturesviewedelephantsassacredanimalsendowedwithspecialpowerorattributes. 64
Theconstructionoftherailwayissaidtohavebeenterminated.
{{*HTML*}}OldManMythsandRealities??1.Whendoesamiddle-agedmanbecomeanoldman?Officiallyofcourseit’swhenwereachretirementage.Butasweallknowthisisafairlyblunt生硬的methodofdecisionmaking.Aslifeexpectancy预期寿命increasesretirementplanningneedstobechanged.Thisisbecausebeinganoldmantodayisverydifferentfromwhatitwasagenerationorsoago.??2.Sixty-fiveisthenewmiddle-agedman.Thesedayspeoplearetalkingabouttheyoung-oldthatisages70—75andthoseover75astheold-old.Theyoung-oldfrequentlycontinueingoodhealthandmaintainstronglinkswithfriendsandfamily.Theold-oldhaveamuchhigherchanceofpoorhealthandsocialisolation.??3.Althoughmenarelivinglongertherearestillmoreoldwomenthanoldmen.Thisfactaloneshouldarouseinterestastowhy.Relativelylittleisactuallyknownaboutwhythisisthecaseorabouttheexperiencesoftheoldman.Sureweareawarethattheoldmanexperiencesanxietyfinancialproblemslonelinessetc.butthat’sreallyaboutallweknow.??4.Itisusuallybelievedthattheoldmanoftencomplainsabouttheirhealth.Infactmostoldmanthinktheirhealthisgoodeventhoughmostarediagnosedwithatleastonechronicillness.Thephysicalhealthoftheoldmanisstronglyaffectedbytheirhealthbehaviorwhentheywereyounger.{{*HTML*}}A.ingoodhealth??B.inthepast??C.inthewrong??D.theoldman??E.amiddle-agedman??F.ayoungman??Nowadaysmengenerallylivelongerthan______
{{*HTML*}}HowOneSimpleMovementCanLetSliptheSecretsoftheMind??Bodylanguageisthequietsecretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itissaidthatourbodymovementscommunicateabout50percentofwhatwereallymeanwhilewordsthemselvesonlyexpress7percent.Sowhileyourmouthisclosedjustwhatisyourbodysaying.???Arms.?46?Ifyoukeepyourarmstothesidesofyourbodyorbehindyourbackthissuggestsyouarenotafraidoftakingonwhatevercomesyourway.?47?Ifsomeoneupsetsyoujustcrossyourarmstoshowyou’reunhappy!???Head.Whenyouwanttoappearconfidentkeepyourheadlevel.Ifyouaremonitorinclassyoucanalsotakeonthispositionwhenyouwantyourwordstobetakenseriously.?48????Legs.Yourlegstendtomovearoundalotmorethannormalwhenyouarenervousortellinglies.Ifyouareatinterviewstrytokeepthemstill!???Posture.Agoodposturemakesyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.?49?Thismakesbreathingmoredifficultwhichinturncanmakeyoufeelnervousoruncomfortable.???Mouth.Whenyouarethinkingyouoftenpurseyourlips.Youmightalsousethispositiontoholdbackallangrycommentyoudon’twishtoshow.?50????A.Ifyouarefeelingdownyounormallydon’tsitstraightwithyourshouldersinwards.???B.Ifyouarepleasedyouusuallyopenyoureyeswideandpeoplecannoticethis.???C.Outgoingpeoplegenerallyusetheirarmswithbigmovementswhilequieterpeoplekeepthemclosetotheirbodies.???D.Howyouholdyourarmsshowshowopenandreceptiveyouaretopeopleyoumeet.???E.Howeveritwillprobablystillbenoticedandpeoplewillknowyou’renotpleased.???F.Howevertobefriendlyinlisteningorspeakingyoumustmoveyourheadalittletooneside.
FeastOnTurkeyandGoodWishesatThanksgiving FourweeksagoUSchildrendressedasmonstersandaskedforsweets.ThatwasHalloween.InafewweeksAmericanhouseswillberedandgreenandfilledwithpresents.ForChristmas. Asifallthisisn’tenoughonThursdaythisweekAmericawillenjoyanotherfestival—Thanksgiving. Childrenwillhavetwodaysoffschoolshopswillcloseandhouseswillbefilledwithfamiliesenjoyingmountainsoffood.EveryyearinGainesvilleFloridaallentireclasscelebrateThanksgivingtogether.Theclassdressesupandputsonplaysfortheirfamilies.AftertheplaysthefamiliesshareafeastoftraditionalThanksgivingfoodsliketurkeyandpumpkinpie. DeanFosteran11-year-oldboywilltakepartinthiscelebration.Hesaid:"IloveThanksgivingbecauseitmeanstimeoffschoollotsofnicefoodandahappyfamily." HisbrotherBenninesaid:"ThebestthingaboutThanksgivingisthatwhenitisfinisheditistimetostartChristmas." Butbehindthefoodandthelargeamountofmoneyspentthereisanothermessage.OnThursdayeveningDeanandBen’sfamilywillmakeabasketandputitonthetableastheyeattheireveningmeal. Eachofthemwillwritealistofthingsthattheyarethankfulforandplacethepaperinthebasket.ThefamilywillreadthepiecesofpaperandtaketimetothankGodandeachotherforprovidingthemwithcomfortableandhappylives. Thanksgivingisatraditionalfestivalthatstartedin1621whenthefirstpilgrimsarrivedintheUStostartanewlife.Afterahardyeartheyhadabigautumnharvest.TheyheldafeastandinvitedthenativeAmericanIndiansalongtothankGodforgivingthemenoughfood. ManycountriescelebrateThanksgiving.Theyoftenfallafterthefieldshavebeenharvestedandthecropscollectedforwinter. ManychildrenintheUnitedStateslikeThanksgivingbecause
Notallmemberstatesabidedbytheprincipletheyhadagreedonpreviously.
FeastOnTurkeyandGoodWishesatThanksgiving FourweeksagoUSchildrendressedasmonstersandaskedforsweets.ThatwasHalloween.InafewweeksAmericanhouseswillberedandgreenandfilledwithpresents.ForChristmas. Asifallthisisn’tenoughonThursdaythisweekAmericawillenjoyanotherfestival—Thanksgiving. Childrenwillhavetwodaysoffschoolshopswillcloseandhouseswillbefilledwithfamiliesenjoyingmountainsoffood.EveryyearinGainesvilleFloridaallentireclasscelebrateThanksgivingtogether.Theclassdressesupandputsonplaysfortheirfamilies.AftertheplaysthefamiliesshareafeastoftraditionalThanksgivingfoodsliketurkeyandpumpkinpie. DeanFosteran11-year-oldboywilltakepartinthiscelebration.Hesaid:"IloveThanksgivingbecauseitmeanstimeoffschoollotsofnicefoodandahappyfamily." HisbrotherBenninesaid:"ThebestthingaboutThanksgivingisthatwhenitisfinisheditistimetostartChristmas." Butbehindthefoodandthelargeamountofmoneyspentthereisanothermessage.OnThursdayeveningDeanandBen’sfamilywillmakeabasketandputitonthetableastheyeattheireveningmeal. Eachofthemwillwritealistofthingsthattheyarethankfulforandplacethepaperinthebasket.ThefamilywillreadthepiecesofpaperandtaketimetothankGodandeachotherforprovidingthemwithcomfortableandhappylives. Thanksgivingisatraditionalfestivalthatstartedin1621whenthefirstpilgrimsarrivedintheUStostartanewlife.Afterahardyeartheyhadabigautumnharvest.TheyheldafeastandinvitedthenativeAmericanIndiansalongtothankGodforgivingthemenoughfood. ManycountriescelebrateThanksgiving.Theyoftenfallafterthefieldshavebeenharvestedandthecropscollectedforwinter. Whenareturkeyandpumpkinpieeaten
WhereDidAlltheShipsGo TheBermudaTriangleisone51thegreatestmysteriesofthesea.InthistriangularareabetweenFloridaPuertoRicoandBermudainAtlanticshipsandairplanes52todisappearmoreoftenthanin53partsoftheocean.Andtheydoso54leavinganysignofallaccidentoranydeadbodies. Itis55thatChristopherColumbuswasthefirstpersontorecordstrangehappeningsinthearea.Hiscompassstoppedworkingaflamecameclownfromtheskyandawave100to200-feet-highcarriedhisshipaboutamileaway. ThemostfamousdisappearanceintheBermudaTrianglewastheUSNavalAirFlight19.56December51945fivebomberplanescarrying14men57onatrainingmissionfromtheFloridacoast.LaterthatdayallcommunicationswithFlight19werelost.Theyjustdisappearedwithoutatrace. Thenextmorning242planesand19shipstookpartinthelargestair-seasearchinhistory.Buttheyfoundnothing. Somepeopleblamethedisappearances58supernaturalforces.Itissuggestedthe59shipsandplaneswereeithertransportedtoothertimesandplaceskidnappedbyaliens60attackedbyseacreatures. Thereare61naturalexplanationsthough.TheUSNavysaysthattheBermudaTriangleisoneoftwoplacesonearth52amagneticcompasspointstowardstruenorth63magneticnorth.64planesandshipscanlosetheirwayiftheydon’tmakeadjustments. Theareaalsohaschangingweatherandisknown65itshighwaves.Stormscanturnupsuddenlyanddestroyaplaneorship.Fastcurrentscouldthensweepawayanytraceofanaccident. 51
WhereDidAlltheShipsGo TheBermudaTriangleisone51thegreatestmysteriesofthesea.InthistriangularareabetweenFloridaPuertoRicoandBermudainAtlanticshipsandairplanes52todisappearmoreoftenthanin53partsoftheocean.Andtheydoso54leavinganysignofallaccidentoranydeadbodies. Itis55thatChristopherColumbuswasthefirstpersontorecordstrangehappeningsinthearea.Hiscompassstoppedworkingaflamecameclownfromtheskyandawave100to200-feet-highcarriedhisshipaboutamileaway. ThemostfamousdisappearanceintheBermudaTrianglewastheUSNavalAirFlight19.56December51945fivebomberplanescarrying14men57onatrainingmissionfromtheFloridacoast.LaterthatdayallcommunicationswithFlight19werelost.Theyjustdisappearedwithoutatrace. Thenextmorning242planesand19shipstookpartinthelargestair-seasearchinhistory.Buttheyfoundnothing. Somepeopleblamethedisappearances58supernaturalforces.Itissuggestedthe59shipsandplaneswereeithertransportedtoothertimesandplaceskidnappedbyaliens60attackedbyseacreatures. Thereare61naturalexplanationsthough.TheUSNavysaysthattheBermudaTriangleisoneoftwoplacesonearth52amagneticcompasspointstowardstruenorth63magneticnorth.64planesandshipscanlosetheirwayiftheydon’tmakeadjustments. Theareaalsohaschangingweatherandisknown65itshighwaves.Stormscanturnupsuddenlyanddestroyaplaneorship.Fastcurrentscouldthensweepawayanytraceofanaccident. 55
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