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Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. 学生们应该德、智、体全面发展。
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Whatthecorrespondentsentusisannewsreport.Wecandependonit.
英语课程标准规定______为9年级结束时应达到的基本要求第八级为______时所应达到的基本要求
影响外语学习的非智力因素有哪些
Itisessentialthattheseapplicationformsbackasearlyaspossible.
EddieMcKayaonceforgottenpilotisasubjectofgreatinteresttoagroupofhistorystudentsinCanada. ItallstartedwhenGrahamBroadaprofessorattheUniversityofWesternOntariofoundMcKay’snameinafootnoteinabookaboutuniversityhistory.MckaywasincludedinalistofuniversityalumniwhohadservedduringtheFirstWorldWarbuthisnamewasunfamiliartoBroadaspecialistinmilitaryhistory.OutofcuriosityBroadspenthoursatthelocalarchivesinafruitlesssearchforinformationonMcKay.Tiredanddiscouragedhefinallygaveup.OnhiswayoutBroad’sglancehappenedtofallonanexhibitingcaseshowingsomeoldnewspapers.Hiseyewasdrawntoanoldpictureofayoungmaninarugbyuniform.Ashereadthewordsbesidethepictureheexperiencedathrillingrealization."Afterlookingforhimalldaytherehewasstaringupatmeoutoftheexhibitingcase"saidBroad.ExcitedbythefindBroadaskedhisstudentstocontinuehissearch.Theycombedoldnewspapersandothermaterialsforclues.Graduallyapicturecameintoview. CaptainAlfredEdwinMcKayjoinedtheBritishRoyalFlyingCorpsin1916.HedownedtenenemyplanesoutlivedhisentiresquadronasaWW1flyerspentsometimeasaflyinginstructorinEnglandthenreturnedtothefrontwherehewaseventuallyshotdownoverBelgiumandkilledinDecember1917.Butthere’smoretohisstory."Forabrieftimein1916hewasprobablythemostfamouspilotintheworld"saysBroad."HewascreditedwithdowningOswaldBoelckethemostfamousGermanpilotatthetime."YetinaletterhomeMcKayrefusedtotakecreditsayingthatBoelckehadactuallycrashedintoanotherGermanplane. McKay’swarrecordsweredestroyedduringWorldWarTwoairbombingonLondon-anexplanationforwhyhewasallbutforgotten. ButnowthankstotheeffortsofBroadandhisstudentsamarkerinMcKay’smemorywasplacedontheuniversitygroundsinNovember2007."IfoundmyeyesfillingwithtearsasIreadtheword’deceased’nexttohisname."saidCoreyEverrettastudentwhofoundapictureofMckayinhisuniform."ThiswassuchasimpleexampleofthefactthathehadbeenastudentjustlikeusbutinsteadoffinishinghistimeatWesternhechosetofightanddieforhiscountry./ WecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatMcKay.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways1youbutdon’tunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly2friendsleavefootprints. Ishallalwaysrecalltheautumnandthegirlwiththe3.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves4withthecool5.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves6tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa7seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreeclaysalwaysgetme8.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin9intomyearslikeastreamflowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas10inplayingherviolin. Ihad11seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidn’tknowthatIhadbeen12thereforsolongbutmyexistencedidnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecomerofthebuilding13Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame14.15wedidn’tknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly16.Tomyastonishmentthegirlcameovertome. "Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin."shesaid. "Yes.Andyouplayverywell.Whydidyoustop"Iasked. Suddenlya17expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. "IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat18me."shesaid. "Infactitwasyourplaying19gavemeameaningfulautumn"Ianswered"Let’sbefriends." ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigureofthegirl.Sheislikea20—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful. 4.
Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderablysomebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwithanindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisreared.Ifanindividualishandicappedenvironmentallyitislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable. Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecaseoftheidenticaltwinsPeterandMarkBeingidenticalthetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirthandtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsoldtheirparentsdiedandtheywereplacedinseparatefosterhomes.Peterwasrearedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwelltodoparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachildsenttogoodschoolsandgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteenswhentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark’sIQwas125twentyfivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunitiesthetwinshavingidenticalbrainswouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel. Thispassagesuggeststhatanindividual’sIQ.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways1youbutdon’tunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly2friendsleavefootprints. Ishallalwaysrecalltheautumnandthegirlwiththe3.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves4withthecool5.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves6tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa7seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreeclaysalwaysgetme8.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin9intomyearslikeastreamflowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas10inplayingherviolin. Ihad11seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidn’tknowthatIhadbeen12thereforsolongbutmyexistencedidnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecomerofthebuilding13Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame14.15wedidn’tknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly16.Tomyastonishmentthegirlcameovertome. "Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin."shesaid. "Yes.Andyouplayverywell.Whydidyoustop"Iasked. Suddenlya17expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. "IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat18me."shesaid. "Infactitwasyourplaying19gavemeameaningfulautumn"Ianswered"Let’sbefriends." ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigureofthegirl.Sheislikea20—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful. 6.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways1youbutdon’tunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly2friendsleavefootprints. Ishallalwaysrecalltheautumnandthegirlwiththe3.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves4withthecool5.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves6tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa7seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreeclaysalwaysgetme8.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin9intomyearslikeastreamflowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas10inplayingherviolin. Ihad11seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidn’tknowthatIhadbeen12thereforsolongbutmyexistencedidnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecomerofthebuilding13Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame14.15wedidn’tknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly16.Tomyastonishmentthegirlcameovertome. "Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin."shesaid. "Yes.Andyouplayverywell.Whydidyoustop"Iasked. Suddenlya17expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. "IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat18me."shesaid. "Infactitwasyourplaying19gavemeameaningfulautumn"Ianswered"Let’sbefriends." ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigureofthegirl.Sheislikea20—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful. 8.
英语课程在目标设定教学过程课程评价和教学资源的开发等方面都突出______的思想
Weoncehadapostercompetitioninourfifthgradeartclass. "Youcouldwinprizes"ourteachertoldusasshewrotetheposterinformationontheblackboard.Shepassedoutsheetsofconstructionpaperwhilecontinuing."Thefirstprizeistendollars.Youjusthavetomakesurethatthewordsontheblackboardappearsomewhereonyourposter." Westudiedtheboardcritically.Someofuslookedwithoneeyeandheldupcertaincolorsagainsttheblackboardrockingthesheetstotherightorleftwhileweconjuredupourdesigns.Otherstwistedtheirhairaroundtheirfingersorchewedtheireraserswhiledeepinthought.Wehadplansforthatten-dollargrandprizeeachandeveryoneofus.I’mgoingtospendmineoncandiesonehopefulwouldannouncewhileanotherpracticedlookingseriouswiseandrich. Everyoneintheclassmadeaposter.Someofususedpartsofthosefancypapernapkinswhileothersusednothingbutcoloredconstructionpaper.Someofususedbigdesignsandsomeofuspreferredtogatherourarttidilydowninonecomerofourposterandletthespacedrawtheviewer’sattentiontoit.Someofuswouldwanderpastthegoodstudents’desksandthenreturntoourownprojectswithagrowingsenseofhopelessness.Itwasyetanothergrownuptrickofthesorttheyseemedespeciallyfondofmakingallofusbelievewehadafairchanceandthenalways—always—rewardingthesameoldwinners. IbelieveIdrewasailboatbutIcan’tsaythatwithanycertainty.Imadeit.Iadmiredit.IdeterminedittobetheverybestofallofthepostersIhadseenandthenIturneditin. Minutespassed. NoonecamealongtogivemethegrandprizeandthensomeonedistractedmeandIprobablyneverwouldhavethoughtaboutthatposteragain. IwasstillsittingatmydeskthinkingwhatposterWhentheteachergavemeanenvelopewithaten-dollarbillinitandeveryoneintheclassapplaudedforme. Whatwastheteacher’srequirementfortheposter
Directions:Forthispartyouarerequiredtowriteacompositiononthetopic:CampusLife.Youshouldwriteatleast120words.
我每天放学后看卡通片但昨天我没有看我做家庭作业了
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways1youbutdon’tunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly2friendsleavefootprints. Ishallalwaysrecalltheautumnandthegirlwiththe3.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves4withthecool5.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves6tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa7seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreeclaysalwaysgetme8.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin9intomyearslikeastreamflowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas10inplayingherviolin. Ihad11seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidn’tknowthatIhadbeen12thereforsolongbutmyexistencedidnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecomerofthebuilding13Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame14.15wedidn’tknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly16.Tomyastonishmentthegirlcameovertome. "Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin."shesaid. "Yes.Andyouplayverywell.Whydidyoustop"Iasked. Suddenlya17expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. "IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat18me."shesaid. "Infactitwasyourplaying19gavemeameaningfulautumn"Ianswered"Let’sbefriends." ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigureofthegirl.Sheislikea20—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful. 2.
Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Itmymother.It'stimeforhertobeback.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways1youbutdon’tunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly2friendsleavefootprints. Ishallalwaysrecalltheautumnandthegirlwiththe3.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves4withthecool5.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves6tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa7seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreeclaysalwaysgetme8.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin9intomyearslikeastreamflowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas10inplayingherviolin. Ihad11seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidn’tknowthatIhadbeen12thereforsolongbutmyexistencedidnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecomerofthebuilding13Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame14.15wedidn’tknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly16.Tomyastonishmentthegirlcameovertome. "Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin."shesaid. "Yes.Andyouplayverywell.Whydidyoustop"Iasked. Suddenlya17expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. "IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat18me."shesaid. "Infactitwasyourplaying19gavemeameaningfulautumn"Ianswered"Let’sbefriends." ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigureofthegirl.Sheislikea20—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful. 12..
Iwasdisappointedwiththefilm.Ihadexpectedtobemuchbetter.
LetterA DearRose Ilikeyourprogrammesverymuch.I’mnowwritingtoaskyousomethingaboutAmericansocialcustoms.MyAmericanfriendswantmetojointhemintheirdinnerparty.IamveryhappyandhavedecidedtogobutI’malittleworriedaboutittoo.ThesocialcustomsinmycountryareverydifferentfromheresoI’mafraidofmakingmistakes. ShouldIbringapresentsuchassweetsorflowersShouldIarriveontimeoralittlelateAtthedinnertablehowcanIknowwhichforkorknifetouseHowcanIletthefamilyknowthatI’mthankfulfortheirkindness WangLin LetterB DearWangLin It’sagoodideatobringasmallpresentwhenyougotoadinnerparty.Flowersarealwaysniceoryoumaybringabottleofwineifyouknowthatyourfriendsdrinkit. Youshouldarriveontimeorfivetotenminuteslate.Don’tgetthereearly.Ifyou’regoingtobemorethanfifteenminuteslateyoushouldcallandtellthem. Trytobefreeatthedinnertable.Ifyoudon’tknowaboutchoosingtherightforkorknifejustwatchtheotherpeopleandfollowthem.Ifyoustillhavenoideaofwhattodoaskthepersonnexttoyou. Ifyoulikethefoodsayso.Ofcourseyou’llthankthemforthemealandfortheirkindness.It’salsoagoodideatosendathankyoucardthedayafter. Rose WhichofthefollowingisNOTproperforjoininginadinnerparty
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways1youbutdon’tunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly2friendsleavefootprints. Ishallalwaysrecalltheautumnandthegirlwiththe3.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves4withthecool5.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves6tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa7seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreeclaysalwaysgetme8.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin9intomyearslikeastreamflowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas10inplayingherviolin. Ihad11seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidn’tknowthatIhadbeen12thereforsolongbutmyexistencedidnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecomerofthebuilding13Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame14.15wedidn’tknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly16.Tomyastonishmentthegirlcameovertome. "Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin."shesaid. "Yes.Andyouplayverywell.Whydidyoustop"Iasked. Suddenlya17expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. "IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat18me."shesaid. "Infactitwasyourplaying19gavemeameaningfulautumn"Ianswered"Let’sbefriends." ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigureofthegirl.Sheislikea20—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful. 14.
Insomeremoteplacestherearestillverypoorpeoplewhocan'taffordtoliveinconditions.
Weoncehadapostercompetitioninourfifthgradeartclass. "Youcouldwinprizes"ourteachertoldusasshewrotetheposterinformationontheblackboard.Shepassedoutsheetsofconstructionpaperwhilecontinuing."Thefirstprizeistendollars.Youjusthavetomakesurethatthewordsontheblackboardappearsomewhereonyourposter." Westudiedtheboardcritically.Someofuslookedwithoneeyeandheldupcertaincolorsagainsttheblackboardrockingthesheetstotherightorleftwhileweconjuredupourdesigns.Otherstwistedtheirhairaroundtheirfingersorchewedtheireraserswhiledeepinthought.Wehadplansforthatten-dollargrandprizeeachandeveryoneofus.I’mgoingtospendmineoncandiesonehopefulwouldannouncewhileanotherpracticedlookingseriouswiseandrich. Everyoneintheclassmadeaposter.Someofususedpartsofthosefancypapernapkinswhileothersusednothingbutcoloredconstructionpaper.Someofususedbigdesignsandsomeofuspreferredtogatherourarttidilydowninonecomerofourposterandletthespacedrawtheviewer’sattentiontoit.Someofuswouldwanderpastthegoodstudents’desksandthenreturntoourownprojectswithagrowingsenseofhopelessness.Itwasyetanothergrownuptrickofthesorttheyseemedespeciallyfondofmakingallofusbelievewehadafairchanceandthenalways—always—rewardingthesameoldwinners. IbelieveIdrewasailboatbutIcan’tsaythatwithanycertainty.Imadeit.Iadmiredit.IdeterminedittobetheverybestofallofthepostersIhadseenandthenIturneditin. Minutespassed. NoonecamealongtogivemethegrandprizeandthensomeonedistractedmeandIprobablyneverwouldhavethoughtaboutthatposteragain. IwasstillsittingatmydeskthinkingwhatposterWhentheteachergavemeanenvelopewithaten-dollarbillinitandeveryoneintheclassapplaudedforme. Aftertheteacher’swordsallthestudentsintheclass.
Whilefashionisthoughtofusuallyclothingitisimportanttorealizethatitcoversamuchwiderdomain.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways1youbutdon’tunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly2friendsleavefootprints. Ishallalwaysrecalltheautumnandthegirlwiththe3.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves4withthecool5.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves6tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa7seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreeclaysalwaysgetme8.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin9intomyearslikeastreamflowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas10inplayingherviolin. Ihad11seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidn’tknowthatIhadbeen12thereforsolongbutmyexistencedidnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecomerofthebuilding13Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame14.15wedidn’tknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly16.Tomyastonishmentthegirlcameovertome. "Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin."shesaid. "Yes.Andyouplayverywell.Whydidyoustop"Iasked. Suddenlya17expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. "IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat18me."shesaid. "Infactitwasyourplaying19gavemeameaningfulautumn"Ianswered"Let’sbefriends." ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigureofthegirl.Sheislikea20—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful. 10.
______sherealizeditwastoolatetogohome.
Mypostcardisstillonthedesk.Whyyouit
Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderablysomebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwithanindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisreared.Ifanindividualishandicappedenvironmentallyitislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable. Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecaseoftheidenticaltwinsPeterandMarkBeingidenticalthetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirthandtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsoldtheirparentsdiedandtheywereplacedinseparatefosterhomes.Peterwasrearedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwelltodoparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachildsenttogoodschoolsandgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteenswhentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark’sIQwas125twentyfivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunitiesthetwinshavingidenticalbrainswouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel. AccordingtothepassagetheaverageIQis.
Weoncehadapostercompetitioninourfifthgradeartclass. "Youcouldwinprizes"ourteachertoldusasshewrotetheposterinformationontheblackboard.Shepassedoutsheetsofconstructionpaperwhilecontinuing."Thefirstprizeistendollars.Youjusthavetomakesurethatthewordsontheblackboardappearsomewhereonyourposter." Westudiedtheboardcritically.Someofuslookedwithoneeyeandheldupcertaincolorsagainsttheblackboardrockingthesheetstotherightorleftwhileweconjuredupourdesigns.Otherstwistedtheirhairaroundtheirfingersorchewedtheireraserswhiledeepinthought.Wehadplansforthatten-dollargrandprizeeachandeveryoneofus.I’mgoingtospendmineoncandiesonehopefulwouldannouncewhileanotherpracticedlookingseriouswiseandrich. Everyoneintheclassmadeaposter.Someofususedpartsofthosefancypapernapkinswhileothersusednothingbutcoloredconstructionpaper.Someofususedbigdesignsandsomeofuspreferredtogatherourarttidilydowninonecomerofourposterandletthespacedrawtheviewer’sattentiontoit.Someofuswouldwanderpastthegoodstudents’desksandthenreturntoourownprojectswithagrowingsenseofhopelessness.Itwasyetanothergrownuptrickofthesorttheyseemedespeciallyfondofmakingallofusbelievewehadafairchanceandthenalways—always—rewardingthesameoldwinners. IbelieveIdrewasailboatbutIcan’tsaythatwithanycertainty.Imadeit.Iadmiredit.IdeterminedittobetheverybestofallofthepostersIhadseenandthenIturneditin. Minutespassed. NoonecamealongtogivemethegrandprizeandthensomeonedistractedmeandIprobablyneverwouldhavethoughtaboutthatposteragain. IwasstillsittingatmydeskthinkingwhatposterWhentheteachergavemeanenvelopewithaten-dollarbillinitandeveryoneintheclassapplaudedforme. Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthor.
Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderablysomebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwithanindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisreared.Ifanindividualishandicappedenvironmentallyitislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable. Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecaseoftheidenticaltwinsPeterandMarkBeingidenticalthetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirthandtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsoldtheirparentsdiedandtheywereplacedinseparatefosterhomes.Peterwasrearedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwelltodoparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachildsenttogoodschoolsandgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteenswhentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark’sIQwas125twentyfivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunitiesthetwinshavingidenticalbrainswouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel. Thisselectioncanbestbetitled
LetterA DearRose Ilikeyourprogrammesverymuch.I’mnowwritingtoaskyousomethingaboutAmericansocialcustoms.MyAmericanfriendswantmetojointhemintheirdinnerparty.IamveryhappyandhavedecidedtogobutI’malittleworriedaboutittoo.ThesocialcustomsinmycountryareverydifferentfromheresoI’mafraidofmakingmistakes. ShouldIbringapresentsuchassweetsorflowersShouldIarriveontimeoralittlelateAtthedinnertablehowcanIknowwhichforkorknifetouseHowcanIletthefamilyknowthatI’mthankfulfortheirkindness WangLin LetterB DearWangLin It’sagoodideatobringasmallpresentwhenyougotoadinnerparty.Flowersarealwaysniceoryoumaybringabottleofwineifyouknowthatyourfriendsdrinkit. Youshouldarriveontimeorfivetotenminuteslate.Don’tgetthereearly.Ifyou’regoingtobemorethanfifteenminuteslateyoushouldcallandtellthem. Trytobefreeatthedinnertable.Ifyoudon’tknowaboutchoosingtherightforkorknifejustwatchtheotherpeopleandfollowthem.Ifyoustillhavenoideaofwhattodoaskthepersonnexttoyou. Ifyoulikethefoodsayso.Ofcourseyou’llthankthemforthemealandfortheirkindness.It’salsoagoodideatosendathankyoucardthedayafter. Rose Roseispossibly.
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