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Directions: Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41—45youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA—Gtofillineachnumberedbox.ThefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1. [A]IsthatwhattheAmericanviewingpublicisgettingPerhaps10%ofprime-timenetworkprogrammingisahappycombinationofentertainmentandenrichment.Thereusedtobetelevisionmoviesrichinhumanvaluesbuttheyhavenowbecomeanendangeredspecies.IfindtelevisiontoomuchconcernedwithwhatpeoplehaveandtoolittleconcernedwithwhotheyareveryconcernedwithtakingcareofNo.1andnotatallconcernedwithsharingthemselveswithotherpeople.Alltoooftenittellsusthehalftruthwewanttohearratherthanthewholetruthweneedtohear. [B]WhyistelevisionnotmorefullyrealizingitshumanizingpotentialIsthecreativecommunityatfaultPartially.Butnotprimarily.Ihavelivedandworkedinthatcommunityfor32yearsasbothpriestandproducer.Asagroupthesepeoplehavevalues.InfactinHollywoodinrecentmonthsaudienceenrichmenthasbecometheinthing.AcoalitionofmediacompanieshasendowedtheHumanitasPrizesothatitcanrecognizeandcelebratethosewhoaccomplishit. [C]Everygoodstorywillnotonlycaptivateitsviewersbutalsogivethemsomeinsightintowhatitmeanstobeahumanbeing.BysodoingitcanhelpthemgrowintothedeeplycenteredsovereignfreejoyouslylovinghumanbeingGodmadethemtobe.Meaningfreedomandlove--thesupremehumanvalues.AndthisisthekindofhumanenrichmenttheAmericanviewingpublichasarighttoexpectfromthosewhomakeitsentertainment. [D]TheproblemwithAmericanTVisnotthelackofstorytellersofconsciencebutthecommercialsystemwithinwhichtheyhavetooperate.TelevisionintheU.S.isabusiness.Inthepastthebusinesssidehasbeenbalancedbyacommitmenttopublicservice.ButinrecentyearsthefragmentationofthemassaudiencehugeinterestpaymentsandskyrocketingproductioncostshavecombinedwiththeFCC’sabdicationofitsresponsibilitytoprotectthecommongoodtoproduceanalmosttotalpreoccupationwiththebottomline.Thenetworksarestrugglingtosurvive.Andthatthestatisticsseemtoindicateismindlessheartlessescapistfare.IfwearedissatisfiedwiththemoralcontentofwhatweareinvitedtowatchIthinkweshouldbeginbyexaminingourownconsciences.Whenwetuneinarewereadytoplungeintoreality;soastoextractitsmeaningorarewehopingtoescapeintoasedatedworldofillusionAndifchurchleaderswanttoelevatethequalityofthecountry’sentertainmenttheyshouldforgetaboutboycottsproductioncodesandcensor-ship.Theyshouldworkateducatingtheirpeopleinmedialiteracyandatmobilizingthemtosupportqualityshowsinhugenumbers. [E]Itisnotaquestionofentertainmentorenrichment.Thesearecomplementaryconcernsandpresupposeeachother.Thestorythatentertainswithoutenrichingissuperficialandescapist.Thestorythatenricheswithoutentertainingissimplydull.Thestorythatdoesbothisadelight. [F]ThatistheonlysurewaytoimprovethemoralcontentofAmerica’sentertainment. [G]DespitequestionsofthemotivationbehindthemtheattacksbythePresidentandtheVicePresidentonthemoralcontentoftelevisionentertainmenthavefoundanechointhechambersoftheAmericansoul.Manywhorejectthemessengersstillacceptthemessage.TheydonotlikethemoraltoneofAmericanTV.Inoursocietyonlythehumanfamilysurpassestelevisioninitscapacitytocommunicatevaluesproviderolemodelsformconsciencesandmotivatehumanbehavior.Feweducatorchurchleadersorpoliticianspossessthemoralinfluenceofthosewhocreatethenation’sentertainment. Order: 41
WhatwouldhappenifconsumersdecidedtosimplifytheirlivesandspendlessonmaterialgoodsandservicesThis1istakingonacertainurgencyasratesofeconomicgrowthcontinuetodeceleratethroughouttheindustrializedworldand2millionsofconsumersappeartobe3formorefrugallifestyle.TheStanfordResearchInstitutewhichhasdonesomeofthemostextensiveworkonthefrugalityphenomenon4thatnearlyfivemillionAmericanadultsnumber"5toandactonsomebutnotall"ofitsbasictenets. Thefrugalityphenomenonfirstachievedprominenceasamiddle-class6ofhigh-consumptionlifestyleintheindustrialworldduringthe50’sand60’s.IntheSilentRevolutionRonaldIngehartoftheUniversityofMichingan’sInstituteofSocialResearchexaminedthis7intheUnitedStatesand10WesternEuropeannations.Heconcludedthatachangehastakenplace"froman8emphasisonmaterialwell-beingandphysicalsecurity9greateremphasisonthequalityoflife"thatis"a10frommaterialismtopost-materialism". Inglehartcallsthe60sthe"fatyear".Amongtheirmorevisibletrappingsweretheraggedbluejeansfavoredbytheaffluentyoung.Mostofthem11frommaterialism;howeverthiswas12.ComfortablyfixedAmericansweregoing1314makingthingslastlongersharingthingswithotherslearningtodothingsforthemselvesandsoon.But15economicallysignificantitwashardly16inaUSGrossNationalProductclimbingvigorouslytowardthe＄2thousandbillionmark. 17asthefrugalityphenomenonmatured--growingoutofthesoaring80sandintothesomber90s--itseemedtoundergoa18transformation.Americanconsumerscontinuedtolose19inmaterialismandwerebeingjoinedbynewconvertswhowere20frugalitybecauseofthedarkeningeconomicskiestheysawahead. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.11
实现我国经济建设和经济体制改革的基本目标有赖于社会主义文化建设提供强大的精神动力新时期以来我国经济实现持续20多年的快速发展近13亿人民的生活总体上达到了小康水平这是了不起的成就但是现在达到的小康还是低水平的不全面的发展很不平衡的小康巩固和提高这个小康水平还需要进行长时期的艰苦奋斗经过全党和全国各族人民的共同努力我们初步建立了社会主义市场经济体制但是社会主义市场经济体制还需要完善一些深层次矛盾亟待解决经济体制改革的任务仍很艰巨伟大的奋斗需要有强大的精神动力社会主义文化建设的一个重要职责就是为我们的人民提供强大的精神动力始终保持昂扬奋发的精神状态应当看到在发展社会主义市场经济条件我国社会生活发生了广泛而深刻的变化社会经济成分组织形成利益分配和就业方式等的多样化已经出现并将进一步发展因此越是发展社会主义市场经济越是必须加强社会主义文化建设使全体人民凝聚在马克思列宁主义__思想__理论和三个代表重要思想的旗帜下在根本利益一致的基础上加强团结进一步调动全社会全民族的积极性创造性全面建设惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会 文化的力量求是2004年第2期 根据上述材料回答大力发展社会主义文化对全面建设小康社会有何意义
ScienceFictioncanprovidestudentsinterestedinthefuturewithabasicintroductiontotheconceptofthinkingaboutpossiblefuturesinaseriouswayasenseoftheemotionalforcesintheirownculturethatareaffectingtheshapethefuturemaytakeandamultitudeofpredictionsregardingtheresultsofpresenttrends. AlthoughSFseemstotakeasitsfuturesocialsettingsnothingmoreambiguousthanthecurrentstatusquooritstotallyevilvariantSFisactuallyamoreimportantvehicleforspeculativevisionsaboutmacroscopicsocialchange.Atthislevelitishardtodealwithanyprecisionastowhengeneralvaluechangesorevolvingsocialinstitutionsmightappearbutitismostimportanttothinkaboutthekindsofsocietiesthatcouldresultfromtheriseofnewformsofinteractionevenifonecannotpredictexactlywhentheymightoccur. Inperformingthis"whatif..."functionSFcanactasasociallaboratoryasauthorsruminateupontheformssocialrelationshipscouldtakeifkeyvariablesintheirownsocietiesweredifferentanduponwhatnewbeliefsystemsormythologiescouldariseinthefuturetoprovidethebasicrationalizationsforhumanactivities.IfitistruethatmostpeoplefinditdifficulttoconceiveofthewaysinwhichtheirsocietyorhumannatureitselfcouldundergofundamentalchangesthenSFofthistypemayprovokeone’simagination--toconsiderthediversityofpathspotentiallyopentosociety. MoreoverifSFisthelaboratoryoftheimaginationitsexperimentsareoftenofthekindthatmaysignificantlyalterthesubjectmatterevenastheyarebeingcarriedout.ThatisSFhasalwayshadacertaincyberneticeffectonsocietyasitsvisionsemotionallyengagethefuture--consciousnessofthemasspublicregardingespeciallydesirableandundesirablepossibilities.Theshapeasocietytakesinthepresentisinpartinfluencedbyitsimageofthefuture;inthiswayparticularlypowerfulSFimagesmaybecomeself-fulfillingorself-avoidingpropheciesforsociety.ForthatmattersomeindividualsinrecentyearshaveevenshapedtheirownlifestylesafterappealingmodelsprovidedbySFstories.ThereincarnationanddiffusionofSFfuturisticimagesofalternativesocietiesthroughthemediaofmoviesandtelevisionmayhavespeededupandaugmentedSF’ssocialfeedbackeffects.ThusSFisnotonlychangespeculatorbutchangeagentsendanechofromthefuturethatisbecomingintothepresentthatissculptingit.Thisfactalonemakesimperativeinanyeducationsystemthestudyofthekindsofworksdiscussedinthissection. FromParagraph2wecaninferthat
ScienceFictioncanprovidestudentsinterestedinthefuturewithabasicintroductiontotheconceptofthinkingaboutpossiblefuturesinaseriouswayasenseoftheemotionalforcesintheirownculturethatareaffectingtheshapethefuturemaytakeandamultitudeofpredictionsregardingtheresultsofpresenttrends. AlthoughSFseemstotakeasitsfuturesocialsettingsnothingmoreambiguousthanthecurrentstatusquooritstotallyevilvariantSFisactuallyamoreimportantvehicleforspeculativevisionsaboutmacroscopicsocialchange.Atthislevelitishardtodealwithanyprecisionastowhengeneralvaluechangesorevolvingsocialinstitutionsmightappearbutitismostimportanttothinkaboutthekindsofsocietiesthatcouldresultfromtheriseofnewformsofinteractionevenifonecannotpredictexactlywhentheymightoccur. Inperformingthis"whatif..."functionSFcanactasasociallaboratoryasauthorsruminateupontheformssocialrelationshipscouldtakeifkeyvariablesintheirownsocietiesweredifferentanduponwhatnewbeliefsystemsormythologiescouldariseinthefuturetoprovidethebasicrationalizationsforhumanactivities.IfitistruethatmostpeoplefinditdifficulttoconceiveofthewaysinwhichtheirsocietyorhumannatureitselfcouldundergofundamentalchangesthenSFofthistypemayprovokeone’simagination--toconsiderthediversityofpathspotentiallyopentosociety. MoreoverifSFisthelaboratoryoftheimaginationitsexperimentsareoftenofthekindthatmaysignificantlyalterthesubjectmatterevenastheyarebeingcarriedout.ThatisSFhasalwayshadacertaincyberneticeffectonsocietyasitsvisionsemotionallyengagethefuture--consciousnessofthemasspublicregardingespeciallydesirableandundesirablepossibilities.Theshapeasocietytakesinthepresentisinpartinfluencedbyitsimageofthefuture;inthiswayparticularlypowerfulSFimagesmaybecomeself-fulfillingorself-avoidingpropheciesforsociety.ForthatmattersomeindividualsinrecentyearshaveevenshapedtheirownlifestylesafterappealingmodelsprovidedbySFstories.ThereincarnationanddiffusionofSFfuturisticimagesofalternativesocietiesthroughthemediaofmoviesandtelevisionmayhavespeededupandaugmentedSF’ssocialfeedbackeffects.ThusSFisnotonlychangespeculatorbutchangeagentsendanechofromthefuturethatisbecomingintothepresentthatissculptingit.Thisfactalonemakesimperativeinanyeducationsystemthestudyofthekindsofworksdiscussedinthissection. Thistextismostlikelytobe
Itisthestaffofdreamsandnightmares.WhereTonyBlair’sattemptstomakeBritainlovetheeurohavefallenondeafearsitsincarnationasnotesandcoinswillsucceed.ThesewillbeusednotjustintheeuroareabutinBritain.AstheBritishbecomeaccustomedtotheeuroasacashcurrencytheywillwarmtoit—pavingthewayforayesnoteinareferendum. Theideaofeurocreepappealstobothsidesoftheeuroargument.AccordingtotheprosasBritonsbecomefamiliarwiththeeuromembershipwillstarttolookinevitablesothoseinfavorareboundtowin.AccordingtotheantisasBritonsbecomefamiliarwiththeeuromembershipwillstarttolookinevitablesothoseopposedmustmobilizeforthefight. DreamornightmareeurocreepenvisagesthesinglecurrencywormingitswayfirstintotheBritisheconomyandthenintotheaffectionsofvoters.BritishtouristswillcomebackfromtheirEuropeanholidaysladenwitheuroswhichtheywillspendnotjustatairportsbutinhighstreetshops.Sotoowillforeignvisitors.Astheeurobecomesaparallelcurrencythosewhomakeupthecurrenttwo-to-onemajoritywillchangetheirminds.Fromthereitwillbeashortsteptodecidetodispensewiththepound. NeilKinnockaEuropeancommissionerandformerleaderoftheLaborPartypredictsthattheeurowillsoonbecomeBritain’ssecondcurrency.HansEicheltheGermanfinanceministeralsosaysthatitwillbecomeaparallelcurrencyincountrieslikeSwitzerlandandBritain.PeterHaintheEuropeanministerwhoisactingasacheerleaderformembershipsaystheeurowillbecome"apracticalday-to-dayrealityandthatwillenablepeopletomakeasensibledecisionaboutit.’AsmanyasathirdofBritain’sbiggestretailerssuchasMarksandSpencerhavesaidtheywilltakeeurosinsomeoftheirshops.BPhasalsoannouncedthatitwillaccepteurosatsomeofitsgarages. Butthereislesstothisthanmeettheeye.BritishtouristscannowwithdrawmoneyfromcashpointfromEuropeanholidaydestinationssotheyarelesslikelythaninthepasttoendupwithexcessforeignmoney.EveniftheydotheygenerallygetridofitattheendoftheirholidayssaysDavidSouthwellaspokesmanfortheBritishRetailConsortiumBRC. WhatdoesthewriterintendtoillustratewithMarksandSpencer
WhatwouldhappenifconsumersdecidedtosimplifytheirlivesandspendlessonmaterialgoodsandservicesThis1istakingonacertainurgencyasratesofeconomicgrowthcontinuetodeceleratethroughouttheindustrializedworldand2millionsofconsumersappeartobe3formorefrugallifestyle.TheStanfordResearchInstitutewhichhasdonesomeofthemostextensiveworkonthefrugalityphenomenon4thatnearlyfivemillionAmericanadultsnumber"5toandactonsomebutnotall"ofitsbasictenets. Thefrugalityphenomenonfirstachievedprominenceasamiddle-class6ofhigh-consumptionlifestyleintheindustrialworldduringthe50’sand60’s.IntheSilentRevolutionRonaldIngehartoftheUniversityofMichingan’sInstituteofSocialResearchexaminedthis7intheUnitedStatesand10WesternEuropeannations.Heconcludedthatachangehastakenplace"froman8emphasisonmaterialwell-beingandphysicalsecurity9greateremphasisonthequalityoflife"thatis"a10frommaterialismtopost-materialism". Inglehartcallsthe60sthe"fatyear".Amongtheirmorevisibletrappingsweretheraggedbluejeansfavoredbytheaffluentyoung.Mostofthem11frommaterialism;howeverthiswas12.ComfortablyfixedAmericansweregoing1314makingthingslastlongersharingthingswithotherslearningtodothingsforthemselvesandsoon.But15economicallysignificantitwashardly16inaUSGrossNationalProductclimbingvigorouslytowardthe＄2thousandbillionmark. 17asthefrugalityphenomenonmatured--growingoutofthesoaring80sandintothesomber90s--itseemedtoundergoa18transformation.Americanconsumerscontinuedtolose19inmaterialismandwerebeingjoinedbynewconvertswhowere20frugalitybecauseofthedarkeningeconomicskiestheysawahead. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.19
EINinoisthetermusedfortheperiodwhenseasurfacetemperaturesareabovenormalofftheSouthAmericancoastalongtheequatorialPacificsometimescalledtheEarth’sheartbeatandisadramaticbutmysteriousclimatesystemthatperiodicallyragesacrossthePacific. EINinomeans"thelittleboy"or"theChristchild"inSpanishandissocalledbecauseitswarmcurrentisfeltalongcoastalPeruandEcuadoraroundChristmas.ButthelocalwarmingisjustpartofanintricatesetofchangesintheoceanandatmosphereacrossthetropicalPacificwhichcoversathirdoftheEarth’scircumference.Itsintensityissuchthatitaffectstemperaturesstormtracksandrainfallaroundtheworld. DroughtsinAfricaandAustraliatropicalstormsinthePacifictorrentialrainsalongtheCaliforniancoastandlushgreeningofPeruviandesertshaveallbeenascribedtothewhimofEINino.Untilrecentlyithasbeenreturningabouteverythreetofiveyears.Butrecentlyithasbecomemorefrequent--forthefirsttimeonrecordithasreturnedforafourthconsecutiveyear--andatthesametimeagiantpoolofunusuallywarmwaterhassettledclowninthemiddleofthePacificandisshowingnosignsofmoving. Climatologistsdon’tyetknowwhythoughsomearesayingtheseaberrationsmaysignalaworldwidechangeinclimate.TheproblemisthatnobodyreallyseemssurewhatcausestheEINinotostartupandwhatmakessomestrongerthanothers.Andthismakesitparticularlyhardtoexplainwhyithassuddenlystartedbehavingsodifferently. IntheabsenceofEINinoanditscoldcounterpartLaNinaconditionsinthetropicaleasternPacificaretheoppositeofthoseinthewest:theeastiscoolanddrywhilethewestishotandwet.Intheeastit’sthewindsandcurrentsthatkeepthingscool.Itworkslikethis.StrongsteadywindscalledtradewindsblowingwestacrossthePacificdragthesurfacewateralongwiththem.ThevaryinginfluenceoftheEarth’srotationatdifferentlatitudesknownastheCorioliseffectcausesthesesurfacewindsandwatertoveertowardsthepolesnorthinthenorthernhemisphereandsouthinthesouthernhemisphere.Thesurfacewaterisreplacedbycolderwaterfromdeeperintheoceaninaprocessknownasupwelling. Thecoldsurfacewaterinturnchillstheairaboveit.Thiscolddenseaircannotrisehighenoughforwatervaportocondenseintoclouds.ThedenseaircreatesanareaofhighpressuresothattheatmosphereovertheequatorialeasternPacificisessentiallydevoidofrainfall. Thewriterbeginsthetextwith
Itisthestaffofdreamsandnightmares.WhereTonyBlair’sattemptstomakeBritainlovetheeurohavefallenondeafearsitsincarnationasnotesandcoinswillsucceed.ThesewillbeusednotjustintheeuroareabutinBritain.AstheBritishbecomeaccustomedtotheeuroasacashcurrencytheywillwarmtoit—pavingthewayforayesnoteinareferendum. Theideaofeurocreepappealstobothsidesoftheeuroargument.AccordingtotheprosasBritonsbecomefamiliarwiththeeuromembershipwillstarttolookinevitablesothoseinfavorareboundtowin.AccordingtotheantisasBritonsbecomefamiliarwiththeeuromembershipwillstarttolookinevitablesothoseopposedmustmobilizeforthefight. DreamornightmareeurocreepenvisagesthesinglecurrencywormingitswayfirstintotheBritisheconomyandthenintotheaffectionsofvoters.BritishtouristswillcomebackfromtheirEuropeanholidaysladenwitheuroswhichtheywillspendnotjustatairportsbutinhighstreetshops.Sotoowillforeignvisitors.Astheeurobecomesaparallelcurrencythosewhomakeupthecurrenttwo-to-onemajoritywillchangetheirminds.Fromthereitwillbeashortsteptodecidetodispensewiththepound. NeilKinnockaEuropeancommissionerandformerleaderoftheLaborPartypredictsthattheeurowillsoonbecomeBritain’ssecondcurrency.HansEicheltheGermanfinanceministeralsosaysthatitwillbecomeaparallelcurrencyincountrieslikeSwitzerlandandBritain.PeterHaintheEuropeanministerwhoisactingasacheerleaderformembershipsaystheeurowillbecome"apracticalday-to-dayrealityandthatwillenablepeopletomakeasensibledecisionaboutit.’AsmanyasathirdofBritain’sbiggestretailerssuchasMarksandSpencerhavesaidtheywilltakeeurosinsomeoftheirshops.BPhasalsoannouncedthatitwillaccepteurosatsomeofitsgarages. Butthereislesstothisthanmeettheeye.BritishtouristscannowwithdrawmoneyfromcashpointfromEuropeanholidaydestinationssotheyarelesslikelythaninthepasttoendupwithexcessforeignmoney.EveniftheydotheygenerallygetridofitattheendoftheirholidayssaysDavidSouthwellaspokesmanfortheBritishRetailConsortiumBRC. Thewriterseems
WhatwouldhappenifconsumersdecidedtosimplifytheirlivesandspendlessonmaterialgoodsandservicesThis1istakingonacertainurgencyasratesofeconomicgrowthcontinuetodeceleratethroughouttheindustrializedworldand2millionsofconsumersappeartobe3formorefrugallifestyle.TheStanfordResearchInstitutewhichhasdonesomeofthemostextensiveworkonthefrugalityphenomenon4thatnearlyfivemillionAmericanadultsnumber"5toandactonsomebutnotall"ofitsbasictenets. Thefrugalityphenomenonfirstachievedprominenceasamiddle-class6ofhigh-consumptionlifestyleintheindustrialworldduringthe50’sand60’s.IntheSilentRevolutionRonaldIngehartoftheUniversityofMichingan’sInstituteofSocialResearchexaminedthis7intheUnitedStatesand10WesternEuropeannations.Heconcludedthatachangehastakenplace"froman8emphasisonmaterialwell-beingandphysicalsecurity9greateremphasisonthequalityoflife"thatis"a10frommaterialismtopost-materialism". Inglehartcallsthe60sthe"fatyear".Amongtheirmorevisibletrappingsweretheraggedbluejeansfavoredbytheaffluentyoung.Mostofthem11frommaterialism;howeverthiswas12.ComfortablyfixedAmericansweregoing1314makingthingslastlongersharingthingswithotherslearningtodothingsforthemselvesandsoon.But15economicallysignificantitwashardly16inaUSGrossNationalProductclimbingvigorouslytowardthe＄2thousandbillionmark. 17asthefrugalityphenomenonmatured--growingoutofthesoaring80sandintothesomber90s--itseemedtoundergoa18transformation.Americanconsumerscontinuedtolose19inmaterialismandwerebeingjoinedbynewconvertswhowere20frugalitybecauseofthedarkeningeconomicskiestheysawahead. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.5
Itisthestaffofdreamsandnightmares.WhereTonyBlair’sattemptstomakeBritainlovetheeurohavefallenondeafearsitsincarnationasnotesandcoinswillsucceed.ThesewillbeusednotjustintheeuroareabutinBritain.AstheBritishbecomeaccustomedtotheeuroasacashcurrencytheywillwarmtoit—pavingthewayforayesnoteinareferendum. Theideaofeurocreepappealstobothsidesoftheeuroargument.AccordingtotheprosasBritonsbecomefamiliarwiththeeuromembershipwillstarttolookinevitablesothoseinfavorareboundtowin.AccordingtotheantisasBritonsbecomefamiliarwiththeeuromembershipwillstarttolookinevitablesothoseopposedmustmobilizeforthefight. DreamornightmareeurocreepenvisagesthesinglecurrencywormingitswayfirstintotheBritisheconomyandthenintotheaffectionsofvoters.BritishtouristswillcomebackfromtheirEuropeanholidaysladenwitheuroswhichtheywillspendnotjustatairportsbutinhighstreetshops.Sotoowillforeignvisitors.Astheeurobecomesaparallelcurrencythosewhomakeupthecurrenttwo-to-onemajoritywillchangetheirminds.Fromthereitwillbeashortsteptodecidetodispensewiththepound. NeilKinnockaEuropeancommissionerandformerleaderoftheLaborPartypredictsthattheeurowillsoonbecomeBritain’ssecondcurrency.HansEicheltheGermanfinanceministeralsosaysthatitwillbecomeaparallelcurrencyincountrieslikeSwitzerlandandBritain.PeterHaintheEuropeanministerwhoisactingasacheerleaderformembershipsaystheeurowillbecome"apracticalday-to-dayrealityandthatwillenablepeopletomakeasensibledecisionaboutit.’AsmanyasathirdofBritain’sbiggestretailerssuchasMarksandSpencerhavesaidtheywilltakeeurosinsomeoftheirshops.BPhasalsoannouncedthatitwillaccepteurosatsomeofitsgarages. Butthereislesstothisthanmeettheeye.BritishtouristscannowwithdrawmoneyfromcashpointfromEuropeanholidaydestinationssotheyarelesslikelythaninthepasttoendupwithexcessforeignmoney.EveniftheydotheygenerallygetridofitattheendoftheirholidayssaysDavidSouthwellaspokesmanfortheBritishRetailConsortiumBRC. ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatinBritaineurohasbeenaccepted
EINinoisthetermusedfortheperiodwhenseasurfacetemperaturesareabovenormalofftheSouthAmericancoastalongtheequatorialPacificsometimescalledtheEarth’sheartbeatandisadramaticbutmysteriousclimatesystemthatperiodicallyragesacrossthePacific. EINinomeans"thelittleboy"or"theChristchild"inSpanishandissocalledbecauseitswarmcurrentisfeltalongcoastalPeruandEcuadoraroundChristmas.ButthelocalwarmingisjustpartofanintricatesetofchangesintheoceanandatmosphereacrossthetropicalPacificwhichcoversathirdoftheEarth’scircumference.Itsintensityissuchthatitaffectstemperaturesstormtracksandrainfallaroundtheworld. DroughtsinAfricaandAustraliatropicalstormsinthePacifictorrentialrainsalongtheCaliforniancoastandlushgreeningofPeruviandesertshaveallbeenascribedtothewhimofEINino.Untilrecentlyithasbeenreturningabouteverythreetofiveyears.Butrecentlyithasbecomemorefrequent--forthefirsttimeonrecordithasreturnedforafourthconsecutiveyear--andatthesametimeagiantpoolofunusuallywarmwaterhassettledclowninthemiddleofthePacificandisshowingnosignsofmoving. Climatologistsdon’tyetknowwhythoughsomearesayingtheseaberrationsmaysignalaworldwidechangeinclimate.TheproblemisthatnobodyreallyseemssurewhatcausestheEINinotostartupandwhatmakessomestrongerthanothers.Andthismakesitparticularlyhardtoexplainwhyithassuddenlystartedbehavingsodifferently. IntheabsenceofEINinoanditscoldcounterpartLaNinaconditionsinthetropicaleasternPacificaretheoppositeofthoseinthewest:theeastiscoolanddrywhilethewestishotandwet.Intheeastit’sthewindsandcurrentsthatkeepthingscool.Itworkslikethis.StrongsteadywindscalledtradewindsblowingwestacrossthePacificdragthesurfacewateralongwiththem.ThevaryinginfluenceoftheEarth’srotationatdifferentlatitudesknownastheCorioliseffectcausesthesesurfacewindsandwatertoveertowardsthepolesnorthinthenorthernhemisphereandsouthinthesouthernhemisphere.Thesurfacewaterisreplacedbycolderwaterfromdeeperintheoceaninaprocessknownasupwelling. Thecoldsurfacewaterinturnchillstheairaboveit.Thiscolddenseaircannotrisehighenoughforwatervaportocondenseintoclouds.ThedenseaircreatesanareaofhighpressuresothattheatmosphereovertheequatorialeasternPacificisessentiallydevoidofrainfall. ThewordaberrationsParagraph4canbestbereplacedby
EINinoisthetermusedfortheperiodwhenseasurfacetemperaturesareabovenormalofftheSouthAmericancoastalongtheequatorialPacificsometimescalledtheEarth’sheartbeatandisadramaticbutmysteriousclimatesystemthatperiodicallyragesacrossthePacific. EINinomeans"thelittleboy"or"theChristchild"inSpanishandissocalledbecauseitswarmcurrentisfeltalongcoastalPeruandEcuadoraroundChristmas.ButthelocalwarmingisjustpartofanintricatesetofchangesintheoceanandatmosphereacrossthetropicalPacificwhichcoversathirdoftheEarth’scircumference.Itsintensityissuchthatitaffectstemperaturesstormtracksandrainfallaroundtheworld. DroughtsinAfricaandAustraliatropicalstormsinthePacifictorrentialrainsalongtheCaliforniancoastandlushgreeningofPeruviandesertshaveallbeenascribedtothewhimofEINino.Untilrecentlyithasbeenreturningabouteverythreetofiveyears.Butrecentlyithasbecomemorefrequent--forthefirsttimeonrecordithasreturnedforafourthconsecutiveyear--andatthesametimeagiantpoolofunusuallywarmwaterhassettledclowninthemiddleofthePacificandisshowingnosignsofmoving. Climatologistsdon’tyetknowwhythoughsomearesayingtheseaberrationsmaysignalaworldwidechangeinclimate.TheproblemisthatnobodyreallyseemssurewhatcausestheEINinotostartupandwhatmakessomestrongerthanothers.Andthismakesitparticularlyhardtoexplainwhyithassuddenlystartedbehavingsodifferently. IntheabsenceofEINinoanditscoldcounterpartLaNinaconditionsinthetropicaleasternPacificaretheoppositeofthoseinthewest:theeastiscoolanddrywhilethewestishotandwet.Intheeastit’sthewindsandcurrentsthatkeepthingscool.Itworkslikethis.StrongsteadywindscalledtradewindsblowingwestacrossthePacificdragthesurfacewateralongwiththem.ThevaryinginfluenceoftheEarth’srotationatdifferentlatitudesknownastheCorioliseffectcausesthesesurfacewindsandwatertoveertowardsthepolesnorthinthenorthernhemisphereandsouthinthesouthernhemisphere.Thesurfacewaterisreplacedbycolderwaterfromdeeperintheoceaninaprocessknownasupwelling. Thecoldsurfacewaterinturnchillstheairaboveit.Thiscolddenseaircannotrisehighenoughforwatervaportocondenseintoclouds.ThedenseaircreatesanareaofhighpressuresothattheatmosphereovertheequatorialeasternPacificisessentiallydevoidofrainfall. InexploringtheeffectofElNinotheauthormainlyfocuseson
WhatwouldhappenifconsumersdecidedtosimplifytheirlivesandspendlessonmaterialgoodsandservicesThis1istakingonacertainurgencyasratesofeconomicgrowthcontinuetodeceleratethroughouttheindustrializedworldand2millionsofconsumersappeartobe3formorefrugallifestyle.TheStanfordResearchInstitutewhichhasdonesomeofthemostextensiveworkonthefrugalityphenomenon4thatnearlyfivemillionAmericanadultsnumber"5toandactonsomebutnotall"ofitsbasictenets. Thefrugalityphenomenonfirstachievedprominenceasamiddle-class6ofhigh-consumptionlifestyleintheindustrialworldduringthe50’sand60’s.IntheSilentRevolutionRonaldIngehartoftheUniversityofMichingan’sInstituteofSocialResearchexaminedthis7intheUnitedStatesand10WesternEuropeannations.Heconcludedthatachangehastakenplace"froman8emphasisonmaterialwell-beingandphysicalsecurity9greateremphasisonthequalityoflife"thatis"a10frommaterialismtopost-materialism". Inglehartcallsthe60sthe"fatyear".Amongtheirmorevisibletrappingsweretheraggedbluejeansfavoredbytheaffluentyoung.Mostofthem11frommaterialism;howeverthiswas12.ComfortablyfixedAmericansweregoing1314makingthingslastlongersharingthingswithotherslearningtodothingsforthemselvesandsoon.But15economicallysignificantitwashardly16inaUSGrossNationalProductclimbingvigorouslytowardthe＄2thousandbillionmark. 17asthefrugalityphenomenonmatured--growingoutofthesoaring80sandintothesomber90s--itseemedtoundergoa18transformation.Americanconsumerscontinuedtolose19inmaterialismandwerebeingjoinedbynewconvertswhowere20frugalitybecauseofthedarkeningeconomicskiestheysawahead. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.9
TheU.S.SupremeCourt’sdecisionMondaytoletstandarulinginanonlinedefamationcasewillmakeitmoredifficulttodeterminecorrectlegaljurisdictionsinotherInterneteaseslegalexpertssaid. Byoptingnottotakethecasethehighcourteffectivelyendorsedalowercourt’sdecisionthataColoradocompanythatpostsratingsofhealthplansontheInternetcouldbesuedfordefamationinaWashingtoncourt.ThelowercourtrulingisoneofseveralthatmakesiteasierforplaintiffstosueWebsiteoperatorsintheirownjurisdictionsratherthanwheretheoperatorsmaintainaphysicalpresence. ThecaseinvolvedadefamationsuitfiledbyChehalisWash.-basedNorthwestHealthcareAllianceagainstLakewoodColo.-basedHealthgrades.com.TheAlliancesuedinWashingtonfederalcourtafterHealthgrades.compostedanegativerankingofNorthwestHealthcare’shomehealthservicesontheInternet.Healthgrades.comarguedthatitshouldnotbesubjecttothejurisdictionofacourtinWashingtonbecauseitspublishingoperationisinColorado. ObserverssaidthefactthattheSupremeCourtoptednottohearthecaseonlycloudsthelegalsituationforWebsiteoperators. GeoffStewartapartneratJonesDayinWashingtonD.C.saidthattheSupremeCourteventuallymustactontheissueasInternetsitesthatrateeverythingfromautomobiledealershipstocreditofferscouldscalebacktheirofferingstoavoidlawsuitsoriginatingnumerousjurisdictions. OnlinepublishersalsomighthavetoworryaboutbeingdraggedintolawsuitsinforeigncourtssaidDowLohnes＆AlbertsonattorneyJonHartwhohasrepresentedtheOnlineNewsAssociation. "ThemuchmoredifficultproblemsforU.S.mediacompaniesarisewhenclaimsarebroughtinforeigncountriesovercontentpublishedintheUnitedStates"Hartsaid.HartcitedarecentcaseinwhichanAustraliancourtruledthatDowJonesmustappearinaVictoriaAustraliacourttodefenditspublicationofanarticleontheU.S.-basedWattStreetJournalWebsite. AccordingtoHartthepotentialchillingeffectofthosesortsofjurisdictionaldecisionsissubstantial."Ihavenotyetseenpublishersholdingbackonwhattheyotherwisepublishbecausethey’reafraidthey’regoingtogetsuedinanothercountrybutthatdoesn’tmeanitWon’thappenifweseearashofU.S.libelcasesagainstU.S.mediacompaniesbeingbroughtinforeigncountries"hesaid. UntilthehighcourtdecidestoweighindirectlyonthisissueWebsiteoperatorsthatofferinformationandservicestouserslocatedoutsideoftheirhomestatesmustdealwithathornylegallandscapesaidJohnMorganapartneratPerkinsCoieLLPandanexpertinInternetlaw. GeoffStewardmaintainsthattheSupremeCourt’sdecisionwillmakeInternetcompanies
WhatwouldhappenifconsumersdecidedtosimplifytheirlivesandspendlessonmaterialgoodsandservicesThis1istakingonacertainurgencyasratesofeconomicgrowthcontinuetodeceleratethroughouttheindustrializedworldand2millionsofconsumersappeartobe3formorefrugallifestyle.TheStanfordResearchInstitutewhichhasdonesomeofthemostextensiveworkonthefrugalityphenomenon4thatnearlyfivemillionAmericanadultsnumber"5toandactonsomebutnotall"ofitsbasictenets. Thefrugalityphenomenonfirstachievedprominenceasamiddle-class6ofhigh-consumptionlifestyleintheindustrialworldduringthe50’sand60’s.IntheSilentRevolutionRonaldIngehartoftheUniversityofMichingan’sInstituteofSocialResearchexaminedthis7intheUnitedStatesand10WesternEuropeannations.Heconcludedthatachangehastakenplace"froman8emphasisonmaterialwell-beingandphysicalsecurity9greateremphasisonthequalityoflife"thatis"a10frommaterialismtopost-materialism". Inglehartcallsthe60sthe"fatyear".Amongtheirmorevisibletrappingsweretheraggedbluejeansfavoredbytheaffluentyoung.Mostofthem11frommaterialism;howeverthiswas12.ComfortablyfixedAmericansweregoing1314makingthingslastlongersharingthingswithotherslearningtodothingsforthemselvesandsoon.But15economicallysignificantitwashardly16inaUSGrossNationalProductclimbingvigorouslytowardthe＄2thousandbillionmark. 17asthefrugalityphenomenonmatured--growingoutofthesoaring80sandintothesomber90s--itseemedtoundergoa18transformation.Americanconsumerscontinuedtolose19inmaterialismandwerebeingjoinedbynewconvertswhowere20frugalitybecauseofthedarkeningeconomicskiestheysawahead. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.13
阅读下列欧美关系的材料 材料1 指明该条约同时也加强与其他盟国的团结特别是欧洲同美利坚合众国之间的紧密伙伴关系实现在由欧洲共同体开创的道路上的欧洲联合把大不列颠吸引进来 ——摘自德法友好合作条约 材料2 法国扬言要使用否决权此举使得在伊拉克动武问题上舌战骤然升级 法国坚称它将阻止美国在核查人员尚能和平解决问题的情况下用武力解除伊拉克武装的行为法国获得了在联合国安理会拥有否决权的中国和俄罗斯的支持也得到了颇有影响力的盟国德国的支持法国这一立场21日在华盛顿引起了美国总统布什的不满美国匆忙发起了外交反击 ——摘自[美]洛杉矶时报 针对巴黎和柏林联合反对美国强烈要求尽早发动对伊战争的行为拉姆斯菲尔德日前形容德法是个问题他说我认为那是老欧洲如果你现在看看整个北约欧洲的话你就会发现北约的重心正在东移并且加入了许多新的成员 ——摘自[英]每日电讯报 材料3 北约组织围绕协防土耳其问题产生的内部对立．因法德两国继续持反对态度迄今达成协议的迹象美国与法德两国依然针锋相对各不相让两者长期对立将会对北约军事同盟的前景产生影响自从法国德国和比利时对土耳其行使协防协议否决权以来在连日举行的北约紧急理事会上就连北约新成员波兰也对法德比三国提出了严厉批评称这是关系到北约信誉的问题是拿北约的前途开玩笑 ——摘自[日]朝日新闻文章北约面临史无前例的危机 请回答 1伊拉克战争使得传统的欧美联盟发生什么变化 2促成这种变化的主要原因是什么 3这种变化对当今世界政治发展趋势有何影响
WhatwouldhappenifconsumersdecidedtosimplifytheirlivesandspendlessonmaterialgoodsandservicesThis1istakingonacertainurgencyasratesofeconomicgrowthcontinuetodeceleratethroughouttheindustrializedworldand2millionsofconsumersappeartobe3formorefrugallifestyle.TheStanfordResearchInstitutewhichhasdonesomeofthemostextensiveworkonthefrugalityphenomenon4thatnearlyfivemillionAmericanadultsnumber"5toandactonsomebutnotall"ofitsbasictenets. Thefrugalityphenomenonfirstachievedprominenceasamiddle-class6ofhigh-consumptionlifestyleintheindustrialworldduringthe50’sand60’s.IntheSilentRevolutionRonaldIngehartoftheUniversityofMichingan’sInstituteofSocialResearchexaminedthis7intheUnitedStatesand10WesternEuropeannations.Heconcludedthatachangehastakenplace"froman8emphasisonmaterialwell-beingandphysicalsecurity9greateremphasisonthequalityoflife"thatis"a10frommaterialismtopost-materialism". Inglehartcallsthe60sthe"fatyear".Amongtheirmorevisibletrappingsweretheraggedbluejeansfavoredbytheaffluentyoung.Mostofthem11frommaterialism;howeverthiswas12.ComfortablyfixedAmericansweregoing1314makingthingslastlongersharingthingswithotherslearningtodothingsforthemselvesandsoon.But15economicallysignificantitwashardly16inaUSGrossNationalProductclimbingvigorouslytowardthe＄2thousandbillionmark. 17asthefrugalityphenomenonmatured--growingoutofthesoaring80sandintothesomber90s--itseemedtoundergoa18transformation.Americanconsumerscontinuedtolose19inmaterialismandwerebeingjoinedbynewconvertswhowere20frugalitybecauseofthedarkeningeconomicskiestheysawahead. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.1
WhatwouldhappenifconsumersdecidedtosimplifytheirlivesandspendlessonmaterialgoodsandservicesThis1istakingonacertainurgencyasratesofeconomicgrowthcontinuetodeceleratethroughouttheindustrializedworldand2millionsofconsumersappeartobe3formorefrugallifestyle.TheStanfordResearchInstitutewhichhasdonesomeofthemostextensiveworkonthefrugalityphenomenon4thatnearlyfivemillionAmericanadultsnumber"5toandactonsomebutnotall"ofitsbasictenets. Thefrugalityphenomenonfirstachievedprominenceasamiddle-class6ofhigh-consumptionlifestyleintheindustrialworldduringthe50’sand60’s.IntheSilentRevolutionRonaldIngehartoftheUniversityofMichingan’sInstituteofSocialResearchexaminedthis7intheUnitedStatesand10WesternEuropeannations.Heconcludedthatachangehastakenplace"froman8emphasisonmaterialwell-beingandphysicalsecurity9greateremphasisonthequalityoflife"thatis"a10frommaterialismtopost-materialism". Inglehartcallsthe60sthe"fatyear".Amongtheirmorevisibletrappingsweretheraggedbluejeansfavoredbytheaffluentyoung.Mostofthem11frommaterialism;howeverthiswas12.ComfortablyfixedAmericansweregoing1314makingthingslastlongersharingthingswithotherslearningtodothingsforthemselvesandsoon.But15economicallysignificantitwashardly16inaUSGrossNationalProductclimbingvigorouslytowardthe＄2thousandbillionmark. 17asthefrugalityphenomenonmatured--growingoutofthesoaring80sandintothesomber90s--itseemedtoundergoa18transformation.Americanconsumerscontinuedtolose19inmaterialismandwerebeingjoinedbynewconvertswhowere20frugalitybecauseofthedarkeningeconomicskiestheysawahead. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.15
Directions: Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41—45youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA—Gtofillineachnumberedbox.ThefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1. [A]IsthatwhattheAmericanviewingpublicisgettingPerhaps10%ofprime-timenetworkprogrammingisahappycombinationofentertainmentandenrichment.Thereusedtobetelevisionmoviesrichinhumanvaluesbuttheyhavenowbecomeanendangeredspecies.IfindtelevisiontoomuchconcernedwithwhatpeoplehaveandtoolittleconcernedwithwhotheyareveryconcernedwithtakingcareofNo.1andnotatallconcernedwithsharingthemselveswithotherpeople.Alltoooftenittellsusthehalftruthwewanttohearratherthanthewholetruthweneedtohear. [B]WhyistelevisionnotmorefullyrealizingitshumanizingpotentialIsthecreativecommunityatfaultPartially.Butnotprimarily.Ihavelivedandworkedinthatcommunityfor32yearsasbothpriestandproducer.Asagroupthesepeoplehavevalues.InfactinHollywoodinrecentmonthsaudienceenrichmenthasbecometheinthing.AcoalitionofmediacompanieshasendowedtheHumanitasPrizesothatitcanrecognizeandcelebratethosewhoaccomplishit. [C]Everygoodstorywillnotonlycaptivateitsviewersbutalsogivethemsomeinsightintowhatitmeanstobeahumanbeing.BysodoingitcanhelpthemgrowintothedeeplycenteredsovereignfreejoyouslylovinghumanbeingGodmadethemtobe.Meaningfreedomandlove--thesupremehumanvalues.AndthisisthekindofhumanenrichmenttheAmericanviewingpublichasarighttoexpectfromthosewhomakeitsentertainment. [D]TheproblemwithAmericanTVisnotthelackofstorytellersofconsciencebutthecommercialsystemwithinwhichtheyhavetooperate.TelevisionintheU.S.isabusiness.Inthepastthebusinesssidehasbeenbalancedbyacommitmenttopublicservice.ButinrecentyearsthefragmentationofthemassaudiencehugeinterestpaymentsandskyrocketingproductioncostshavecombinedwiththeFCC’sabdicationofitsresponsibilitytoprotectthecommongoodtoproduceanalmosttotalpreoccupationwiththebottomline.Thenetworksarestrugglingtosurvive.Andthatthestatisticsseemtoindicateismindlessheartlessescapistfare.IfwearedissatisfiedwiththemoralcontentofwhatweareinvitedtowatchIthinkweshouldbeginbyexaminingourownconsciences.Whenwetuneinarewereadytoplungeintoreality;soastoextractitsmeaningorarewehopingtoescapeintoasedatedworldofillusionAndifchurchleaderswanttoelevatethequalityofthecountry’sentertainmenttheyshouldforgetaboutboycottsproductioncodesandcensor-ship.Theyshouldworkateducatingtheirpeopleinmedialiteracyandatmobilizingthemtosupportqualityshowsinhugenumbers. [E]Itisnotaquestionofentertainmentorenrichment.Thesearecomplementaryconcernsandpresupposeeachother.Thestorythatentertainswithoutenrichingissuperficialandescapist.Thestorythatenricheswithoutentertainingissimplydull.Thestorythatdoesbothisadelight. [F]ThatistheonlysurewaytoimprovethemoralcontentofAmerica’sentertainment. [G]DespitequestionsofthemotivationbehindthemtheattacksbythePresidentandtheVicePresidentonthemoralcontentoftelevisionentertainmenthavefoundanechointhechambersoftheAmericansoul.Manywhorejectthemessengersstillacceptthemessage.TheydonotlikethemoraltoneofAmericanTV.Inoursocietyonlythehumanfamilysurpassestelevisioninitscapacitytocommunicatevaluesproviderolemodelsformconsciencesandmotivatehumanbehavior.Feweducatorchurchleadersorpoliticianspossessthemoralinfluenceofthosewhocreatethenation’sentertainment. Order: 43
2005年9月15日____在联合国成立60周年首脑会议上发表了努力建设持久和平共同繁荣的和谐世界的讲话他提出
文化和文明是密切联系而相区别的两个范畴二者的关系表现在
中共十五届五中全会强调制定十五计划并顺利实现十五计划规定的我国经济社会发展的主要奋斗目标必须
价值转化为生产价格后价值生产价格和价格的关系是
WhatwouldhappenifconsumersdecidedtosimplifytheirlivesandspendlessonmaterialgoodsandservicesThis1istakingonacertainurgencyasratesofeconomicgrowthcontinuetodeceleratethroughouttheindustrializedworldand2millionsofconsumersappeartobe3formorefrugallifestyle.TheStanfordResearchInstitutewhichhasdonesomeofthemostextensiveworkonthefrugalityphenomenon4thatnearlyfivemillionAmericanadultsnumber"5toandactonsomebutnotall"ofitsbasictenets. Thefrugalityphenomenonfirstachievedprominenceasamiddle-class6ofhigh-consumptionlifestyleintheindustrialworldduringthe50’sand60’s.IntheSilentRevolutionRonaldIngehartoftheUniversityofMichingan’sInstituteofSocialResearchexaminedthis7intheUnitedStatesand10WesternEuropeannations.Heconcludedthatachangehastakenplace"froman8emphasisonmaterialwell-beingandphysicalsecurity9greateremphasisonthequalityoflife"thatis"a10frommaterialismtopost-materialism". Inglehartcallsthe60sthe"fatyear".Amongtheirmorevisibletrappingsweretheraggedbluejeansfavoredbytheaffluentyoung.Mostofthem11frommaterialism;howeverthiswas12.ComfortablyfixedAmericansweregoing1314makingthingslastlongersharingthingswithotherslearningtodothingsforthemselvesandsoon.But15economicallysignificantitwashardly16inaUSGrossNationalProductclimbingvigorouslytowardthe＄2thousandbillionmark. 17asthefrugalityphenomenonmatured--growingoutofthesoaring80sandintothesomber90s--itseemedtoundergoa18transformation.Americanconsumerscontinuedtolose19inmaterialismandwerebeingjoinedbynewconvertswhowere20frugalitybecauseofthedarkeningeconomicskiestheysawahead. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.3
WhatwouldhappenifconsumersdecidedtosimplifytheirlivesandspendlessonmaterialgoodsandservicesThis1istakingonacertainurgencyasratesofeconomicgrowthcontinuetodeceleratethroughouttheindustrializedworldand2millionsofconsumersappeartobe3formorefrugallifestyle.TheStanfordResearchInstitutewhichhasdonesomeofthemostextensiveworkonthefrugalityphenomenon4thatnearlyfivemillionAmericanadultsnumber"5toandactonsomebutnotall"ofitsbasictenets. Thefrugalityphenomenonfirstachievedprominenceasamiddle-class6ofhigh-consumptionlifestyleintheindustrialworldduringthe50’sand60’s.IntheSilentRevolutionRonaldIngehartoftheUniversityofMichingan’sInstituteofSocialResearchexaminedthis7intheUnitedStatesand10WesternEuropeannations.Heconcludedthatachangehastakenplace"froman8emphasisonmaterialwell-beingandphysicalsecurity9greateremphasisonthequalityoflife"thatis"a10frommaterialismtopost-materialism". Inglehartcallsthe60sthe"fatyear".Amongtheirmorevisibletrappingsweretheraggedbluejeansfavoredbytheaffluentyoung.Mostofthem11frommaterialism;howeverthiswas12.ComfortablyfixedAmericansweregoing1314makingthingslastlongersharingthingswithotherslearningtodothingsforthemselvesandsoon.But15economicallysignificantitwashardly16inaUSGrossNationalProductclimbingvigorouslytowardthe＄2thousandbillionmark. 17asthefrugalityphenomenonmatured--growingoutofthesoaring80sandintothesomber90s--itseemedtoundergoa18transformation.Americanconsumerscontinuedtolose19inmaterialismandwerebeingjoinedbynewconvertswhowere20frugalitybecauseofthedarkeningeconomicskiestheysawahead. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.17
TheU.S.SupremeCourt’sdecisionMondaytoletstandarulinginanonlinedefamationcasewillmakeitmoredifficulttodeterminecorrectlegaljurisdictionsinotherInterneteaseslegalexpertssaid. Byoptingnottotakethecasethehighcourteffectivelyendorsedalowercourt’sdecisionthataColoradocompanythatpostsratingsofhealthplansontheInternetcouldbesuedfordefamationinaWashingtoncourt.ThelowercourtrulingisoneofseveralthatmakesiteasierforplaintiffstosueWebsiteoperatorsintheirownjurisdictionsratherthanwheretheoperatorsmaintainaphysicalpresence. ThecaseinvolvedadefamationsuitfiledbyChehalisWash.-basedNorthwestHealthcareAllianceagainstLakewoodColo.-basedHealthgrades.com.TheAlliancesuedinWashingtonfederalcourtafterHealthgrades.compostedanegativerankingofNorthwestHealthcare’shomehealthservicesontheInternet.Healthgrades.comarguedthatitshouldnotbesubjecttothejurisdictionofacourtinWashingtonbecauseitspublishingoperationisinColorado. ObserverssaidthefactthattheSupremeCourtoptednottohearthecaseonlycloudsthelegalsituationforWebsiteoperators. GeoffStewartapartneratJonesDayinWashingtonD.C.saidthattheSupremeCourteventuallymustactontheissueasInternetsitesthatrateeverythingfromautomobiledealershipstocreditofferscouldscalebacktheirofferingstoavoidlawsuitsoriginatingnumerousjurisdictions. OnlinepublishersalsomighthavetoworryaboutbeingdraggedintolawsuitsinforeigncourtssaidDowLohnes＆AlbertsonattorneyJonHartwhohasrepresentedtheOnlineNewsAssociation. "ThemuchmoredifficultproblemsforU.S.mediacompaniesarisewhenclaimsarebroughtinforeigncountriesovercontentpublishedintheUnitedStates"Hartsaid.HartcitedarecentcaseinwhichanAustraliancourtruledthatDowJonesmustappearinaVictoriaAustraliacourttodefenditspublicationofanarticleontheU.S.-basedWattStreetJournalWebsite. AccordingtoHartthepotentialchillingeffectofthosesortsofjurisdictionaldecisionsissubstantial."Ihavenotyetseenpublishersholdingbackonwhattheyotherwisepublishbecausethey’reafraidthey’regoingtogetsuedinanothercountrybutthatdoesn’tmeanitWon’thappenifweseearashofU.S.libelcasesagainstU.S.mediacompaniesbeingbroughtinforeigncountries"hesaid. UntilthehighcourtdecidestoweighindirectlyonthisissueWebsiteoperatorsthatofferinformationandservicestouserslocatedoutsideoftheirhomestatesmustdealwithathornylegallandscapesaidJohnMorganapartneratPerkinsCoieLLPandanexpertinInternetlaw. WhatdoesthecaseHartcitedinanAustraliacourtillustrate
WhatwouldhappenifconsumersdecidedtosimplifytheirlivesandspendlessonmaterialgoodsandservicesThis1istakingonacertainurgencyasratesofeconomicgrowthcontinuetodeceleratethroughouttheindustrializedworldand2millionsofconsumersappeartobe3formorefrugallifestyle.TheStanfordResearchInstitutewhichhasdonesomeofthemostextensiveworkonthefrugalityphenomenon4thatnearlyfivemillionAmericanadultsnumber"5toandactonsomebutnotall"ofitsbasictenets. Thefrugalityphenomenonfirstachievedprominenceasamiddle-class6ofhigh-consumptionlifestyleintheindustrialworldduringthe50’sand60’s.IntheSilentRevolutionRonaldIngehartoftheUniversityofMichingan’sInstituteofSocialResearchexaminedthis7intheUnitedStatesand10WesternEuropeannations.Heconcludedthatachangehastakenplace"froman8emphasisonmaterialwell-beingandphysicalsecurity9greateremphasisonthequalityoflife"thatis"a10frommaterialismtopost-materialism". Inglehartcallsthe60sthe"fatyear".Amongtheirmorevisibletrappingsweretheraggedbluejeansfavoredbytheaffluentyoung.Mostofthem11frommaterialism;howeverthiswas12.ComfortablyfixedAmericansweregoing1314makingthingslastlongersharingthingswithotherslearningtodothingsforthemselvesandsoon.But15economicallysignificantitwashardly16inaUSGrossNationalProductclimbingvigorouslytowardthe＄2thousandbillionmark. 17asthefrugalityphenomenonmatured--growingoutofthesoaring80sandintothesomber90s--itseemedtoundergoa18transformation.Americanconsumerscontinuedtolose19inmaterialismandwerebeingjoinedbynewconvertswhowere20frugalitybecauseofthedarkeningeconomicskiestheysawahead. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.7
坚持与时俱进意味着
Directions: Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41—45youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA—Gtofillineachnumberedbox.ThefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1. [A]IsthatwhattheAmericanviewingpublicisgettingPerhaps10%ofprime-timenetworkprogrammingisahappycombinationofentertainmentandenrichment.Thereusedtobetelevisionmoviesrichinhumanvaluesbuttheyhavenowbecomeanendangeredspecies.IfindtelevisiontoomuchconcernedwithwhatpeoplehaveandtoolittleconcernedwithwhotheyareveryconcernedwithtakingcareofNo.1andnotatallconcernedwithsharingthemselveswithotherpeople.Alltoooftenittellsusthehalftruthwewanttohearratherthanthewholetruthweneedtohear. [B]WhyistelevisionnotmorefullyrealizingitshumanizingpotentialIsthecreativecommunityatfaultPartially.Butnotprimarily.Ihavelivedandworkedinthatcommunityfor32yearsasbothpriestandproducer.Asagroupthesepeoplehavevalues.InfactinHollywoodinrecentmonthsaudienceenrichmenthasbecometheinthing.AcoalitionofmediacompanieshasendowedtheHumanitasPrizesothatitcanrecognizeandcelebratethosewhoaccomplishit. [C]Everygoodstorywillnotonlycaptivateitsviewersbutalsogivethemsomeinsightintowhatitmeanstobeahumanbeing.BysodoingitcanhelpthemgrowintothedeeplycenteredsovereignfreejoyouslylovinghumanbeingGodmadethemtobe.Meaningfreedomandlove--thesupremehumanvalues.AndthisisthekindofhumanenrichmenttheAmericanviewingpublichasarighttoexpectfromthosewhomakeitsentertainment. [D]TheproblemwithAmericanTVisnotthelackofstorytellersofconsciencebutthecommercialsystemwithinwhichtheyhavetooperate.TelevisionintheU.S.isabusiness.Inthepastthebusinesssidehasbeenbalancedbyacommitmenttopublicservice.ButinrecentyearsthefragmentationofthemassaudiencehugeinterestpaymentsandskyrocketingproductioncostshavecombinedwiththeFCC’sabdicationofitsresponsibilitytoprotectthecommongoodtoproduceanalmosttotalpreoccupationwiththebottomline.Thenetworksarestrugglingtosurvive.Andthatthestatisticsseemtoindicateismindlessheartlessescapistfare.IfwearedissatisfiedwiththemoralcontentofwhatweareinvitedtowatchIthinkweshouldbeginbyexaminingourownconsciences.Whenwetuneinarewereadytoplungeintoreality;soastoextractitsmeaningorarewehopingtoescapeintoasedatedworldofillusionAndifchurchleaderswanttoelevatethequalityofthecountry’sentertainmenttheyshouldforgetaboutboycottsproductioncodesandcensor-ship.Theyshouldworkateducatingtheirpeopleinmedialiteracyandatmobilizingthemtosupportqualityshowsinhugenumbers. [E]Itisnotaquestionofentertainmentorenrichment.Thesearecomplementaryconcernsandpresupposeeachother.Thestorythatentertainswithoutenrichingissuperficialandescapist.Thestorythatenricheswithoutentertainingissimplydull.Thestorythatdoesbothisadelight. [F]ThatistheonlysurewaytoimprovethemoralcontentofAmerica’sentertainment. [G]DespitequestionsofthemotivationbehindthemtheattacksbythePresidentandtheVicePresidentonthemoralcontentoftelevisionentertainmenthavefoundanechointhechambersoftheAmericansoul.Manywhorejectthemessengersstillacceptthemessage.TheydonotlikethemoraltoneofAmericanTV.Inoursocietyonlythehumanfamilysurpassestelevisioninitscapacitytocommunicatevaluesproviderolemodelsformconsciencesandmotivatehumanbehavior.Feweducatorchurchleadersorpoliticianspossessthemoralinfluenceofthosewhocreatethenation’sentertainment. Order: 45
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