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阅读下面的文字,完成⑴-⑷题。(25分) 爱国科学家邓叔群 ...
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D Peoplearen’twalkinganymore---iftheycanfigureoutawaytoavoidit. IfeltsuperioraboutthismatteruntiltheotherdayItookmycartomailasmallparcel.Thejourneyisamatterof281steps.ButIusedthecar.AndIwasn’tinayhurryeitherIhadmerelybecomeonemorevictimofanationalsickness:motorosis. ItisanillnesstowhichIhadthoughtmyselfimmuneforIwasbredinthetraditionofgoingtoplacesonmyowntwolegs.Atthattimeweregarded25milesasgoodday’swalkandtheabilitytocoversuchadistanceintenhoursassignofstrengthandskill.Itdidnotoccurtousthatwalkingwasahardship.Andtheeffectwaslasting.WhenIwas45yearsoldIraced–andbeat—ateenagefootballplayerthe168stepsuptheStatureofLiberty. Suchenterprisestodayareregardedbymanymiddle-agedpersonsasbadfortheheart.Butawell-knownBritishphysicianSirAdolpheAbrhamspointedoutrecentlythatheartsandbodiesneedproperismorelikelytohaveillnessesthanonewhoexercisesregularly.Andwlakingisanidealformofexercise---themostfamiliarandnaturalofall. ItwasHenryThoreauwhoshowedmankindtherichnessofgoingonfoot.ThemanwalkingcanlearnthetreesflowerinsectsbirdsandanimalsthesignificanceofseasonstheveryfeelofhimselfasalivingcreatureinalivingworldHecannotlearninacar. Thecarisaconvenientmeansoftransportbutwehavemadeitourwayoflife.Manypeopledon’tdaretoapproachNatureanymore;tothemtheworldtheywereborntoenjoyisallthreat.Tothemsecurityisasteelriverthunderingonaconcreteroad.Andmuchoftheirthinkingtakesplacewhilewaitingforthetrafficlighttoturngreen. Isaythatthegreenofforestsisthemind’sbestlight.Andnonebutthemanonfootcanevaluatewhatisbasicandeverlasting.WhatiscomparedtoasteelriverinParagraph6
C DadIsayoneday..takeatrip.Whydon’tyouflyandmeetme Myfatherhadjustreired..Hisjobfilledhisdayhisthoughthislife.WhilehewokeupandtookawarmshowerIscreamedunderafreezingwaterfallPeru.WhilehetiedatieandputonthesameSwisswatchIrowedaboatacrossLakeoftheOzarks. Myfatherseesmedrftingaimlesslynothingtoshowformy33yearsbutapassportfulloffunnystamps.HewantsmetosettledownbutnowIwanthimtofindanadventure. Heagreestotravelwithmethroughthenationalparks.WemeetfourweekslaterinRapidCity. Whatisourfirststopasksmyfather. Whattimeisit Stilldon’thaveawatch LessthananhourawayisMountRushmore.AshestaresupatthefourPresidentscarvedingranitehismouthandeyesopenslowlylikethoseoflittleboy. UnbelievablehesaysHowwasthisdone AfilmintheinformationcentershowssculptorGutzonBorglumdevoted14yearstothesculptureandthenleftthefinaltouchestohisson. WestareupandIaskmyselfWouldIeverdevotemylifetoanything NodirectionsIalwaysusedtohearthosewordsinmyfather’svoice.NowIheartheminmyown. Thenextdaywe’reatYellowstoneNationalParkwherewehaveapicnic. DidyouevertravelwithyourdadIask. Onlyoncehesays.Ineverspokemuchwithmyfather.Welovedeachother---butneversaidit.Whateverhecouldgivemehegave.> Thekastsebtebce----it’sprobablythesamethingI’ssayaboutmyfather.AndwhatI’dwantmychildtosayaboutme. InGlacierNationalParkmyfathersaysI’veneverseenwatersoblue.IhaveinseveralplacesoftheworldIcankeeptravelingIrealize---andmaybearegularjobwon’tbeasdullasIfeared. WeeksafterourtripIcallmyfather. Thephotosfromthetriparewonderfulhesays.Wehavegottotakeanothertriplikethatsometime. ItellhimI’velearndecidedtosettledownandI’mwearingawatch.WecanlearnfromParagraphs2and3thatthefather_________.
B Aworld-famousCanadianauthorMargaretAtwoodhascreatedtheworld’sfirstlong-distancesigningdevice装置theLongPen. AftermanytiringfromcitytocityAtwoodthoughttheremustbeabetterwaytodothem.Shehiredsometechnicalexpertsandstartedherowncompanyin2004.TogethertheydesignedtheLongPen.Here’showitworks:Theauthorwritesapersonalmessageandsignatureonacomputertablet手写板usingaspecialpen.Onthereceivingendinanothercityaroboticarmfittedwitharegularpensignsthebook.Theauthorandfancantalkwitheachotherviawebcams网络摄像机andcomputerscreens WorkontheLongPenbeganinAtwood’sbasement地下室.Atfirsttheyhadnoideaitwouldbeashardasitturnedouttobe.Thedevicewentthroughseveralversionsincludingonethatactuallyhadsmokecomingoutofit.TheinvestingfinallycompletedteatrunsweremadeinOttawaandtheLongPenwasofficiallylaunchedatthe2006LondonBookFair.FromhereAtwoodconductedtwotransatlanticbooksigningsofherlatestbookforfansinTorontoandNewYorkCity. TheLongPenproducesauniquesignatureeachtimebecauseitcopiesthemovementoftheauthorinrealtime.Ithasseveralotherpotentialapplications.Itcouldincreasecreditcardsecurityandallowpeopletosigncontractsfromanotherprovince.ThevideoexchangebetweensignerandreceivercanberecordedonDVDforproofwhenlegaldocumentsareused. It’sreallyfunsaidtheownerofabookstorewhowaspresentforoneofthetestruns.Obviouslyyoucan’tshakehandswiththeauthorbuttherearechancesforaconnectionthatyoudon’tgetfromaregularbooksigning.. Theresponsetotheinventionhasnotbeenallfavorable.Atwoodhasreceivedcriticismfromauthorswhothinksheistryingtoendbooktours.ButshesaidItwillbepossibletogotoplacesthatyounevergotsenttobeforebecausethepublisherscouldn’taffordit.HowdoestheLongPenwork
阅读下面的文字完成1—4题“千门万户曈曈日总把新桃换日符”贴春联是中国人过年时的一项传统民俗活动人们通常在除夕这天将写好的春联贴于门上春联的字数可多可少但上下联必须构成对仗如四言联“春安夏泰秋稔rěn冬祥”六言联“冬尽梅花点点□□□□□□”春联寓意吉祥言简意赅gāi深受人们喜爱春联是仅在春节这一特定时节张贴的对联而对联还有其他种类如婚联寿联挽联以及为园林建筑甲题写/题签的楹yíng联等对联的撰写往往注重其乙蕴涵/内涵与品位尤其是名联佳对文辞讲究意蕴丰富丙吟咏/涵咏起来锒锒上口齿颊留香对联或镌jùn刻或书写楷行隶篆其中不乏艺术精品 文中加短横线字的注音和字形都不正确的一项是
阅读短文按照题目要求用英语回答问题 LastDecemberDorisLowturned90.OnceaweekshestilldrivestotheCanadianNationalInstitutefortheBlindCNIBinTorontowhereshehelpstransformliteratureintoBrailletobringthepowerofstoryandknowledgetothehearsandmindsofblindreaders.Shehasbeenvolunteeringhertimeandtalentstosuchenterprisesfoemorethan40years. AfterworkinginthebusinessworldforawhileLowgotfedup.Sosheturnedtoteachingatatechnicalschoolandlatermovedintothelibrary. Low’smotherlikedreading.Ashereyesbegantofaillowreadtoher.ThenhearinganadvertisementencouragingpeopletolearnBrailleIdecidedtogiveitatry.In1973shewascertifiedasabrailletranscriber转译者andbegantranscribingbooksasavolunteerfortheCNIBlibrary. Thejobwasstrenuous---shecouldgettotheendofapagemakeamistakeonthelastlineandhavetodothewholethingagain.ForanumberofyearslowalsoworkedintheCNIBsoundstudioreadingbooksontotape.Threeyearsagoshetookupproofreading校对attheCNIB’swordfactory. InAprilduringVolunteerWeektheCNIBrecognizedLowforhergreatcontributions.ThankstovolunteerslikeLowtheCNIBlibraryhasgotmorethan80000accessiblematerialsforpeopleunabletoreadtraditionalprint.Ican’timaginehowmanyreadersofallageshavebenefitedfrom Doris’scontributionasaskilledvolunteerthroughherrichvoiceandherhighdegreeofaccuracyinthehundredsofbooksshehasbrailledandproofreadovertheyears---andsheisstilldoingsosaidaCNIBofficial. FormesaidLowtheCNIBismorethanjustaplacetovolunteer.Threethinsmattermostinmylife:alittleplayalittleworkalittlelove.I’vefoundthemallhere.whatdoestheunderlinedwordstrenuousmostprobablymean1word
B Aworld-famousCanadianauthorMargaretAtwoodhascreatedtheworld’sfirstlong-distancesigningdevice装置theLongPen. AftermanytiringfromcitytocityAtwoodthoughttheremustbeabetterwaytodothem.Shehiredsometechnicalexpertsandstartedherowncompanyin2004.TogethertheydesignedtheLongPen.Here’showitworks:Theauthorwritesapersonalmessageandsignatureonacomputertablet手写板usingaspecialpen.Onthereceivingendinanothercityaroboticarmfittedwitharegularpensignsthebook.Theauthorandfancantalkwitheachotherviawebcams网络摄像机andcomputerscreens WorkontheLongPenbeganinAtwood’sbasement地下室.Atfirsttheyhadnoideaitwouldbeashardasitturnedouttobe.Thedevicewentthroughseveralversionsincludingonethatactuallyhadsmokecomingoutofit.TheinvestingfinallycompletedteatrunsweremadeinOttawaandtheLongPenwasofficiallylaunchedatthe2006LondonBookFair.FromhereAtwoodconductedtwotransatlanticbooksigningsofherlatestbookforfansinTorontoandNewYorkCity. TheLongPenproducesauniquesignatureeachtimebecauseitcopiesthemovementoftheauthorinrealtime.Ithasseveralotherpotentialapplications.Itcouldincreasecreditcardsecurityandallowpeopletosigncontractsfromanotherprovince.ThevideoexchangebetweensignerandreceivercanberecordedonDVDforproofwhenlegaldocumentsareused. It’sreallyfunsaidtheownerofabookstorewhowaspresentforoneofthetestruns.Obviouslyyoucan’tshakehandswiththeauthorbuttherearechancesforaconnectionthatyoudon’tgetfromaregularbooksigning.. Theresponsetotheinventionhasnotbeenallfavorable.Atwoodhasreceivedcriticismfromauthorswhothinksheistryingtoendbooktours.ButshesaidItwillbepossibletogotoplacesthatyounevergotsenttobeforebecausethepublisherscouldn’taffordit.HowcouldtheLongPenbeusedinthefuture
下面语段横线处应填入的词句最恰当的一组是 中国文人对审美具有________感知力他们可以再安然怡悦中________鸟翼几乎无声的浦东还有灰板簌簌飘落的声音他们喜爱________那种让静寂更显清幽的氛围
废墟之美“废墟”在很多中国人的心目中是一个跟文化和美学不相干的贬义词甚至现代汉语词典对“废墟”一词的解释也仅仅是“城市村庄遭受破坏或灾害后变成的荒凉地方”现代汉语词典的解释并没有错但若用世界知识来衡量这样的理解就很不够了在欧洲“废墟”的含义自近代以来有了明显的丰富和扩充这个语词被赋予了更为深厚的内涵“废墟”的词义变化是从欧洲的文艺复兴开始的早在15世纪人们从偶然的废墟挖掘中发现了古代希腊罗马时代那些生机勃勃的壁画雕塑等绝妙艺术品受到极大的震撼和鼓舞于是决心以古代为榜样来复兴文学和艺术古代那些巍峨的神庙和宫殿尽管多半都在战火和天灾中沦为废墟了但它们依然令人肃然起敬不仅引起人们思古的幽情更激发人们对艺术创造的热情从那时起欧洲人就渐渐养成了对所谓“残缺美”的欣赏习惯于是各地残破的古建筑遗址越来越成为文学艺术家描写和表现的对象“文物”的意识也在人们心中萌发了废墟的美学价值及品位的提升另一个重要进程是18世纪末19世纪初的浪漫主义运动这一历史时期欧洲工业化运动的弊端已开始显现出来加上启蒙运动中提出的“返归自然”的主张这些都在浪漫主义运动中引起强烈的反响一些浪漫派作家厌恶工业化的喧嚣缅怀中世纪的田园生活和情调创作中喜好远古的题材追求神奇和神秘爱好废墟的景象欧洲常见的古堡遗址很符合他们的审美理想第三股推动力量是1820年爱琴海米罗岛上的女性雕塑阿弗洛狄忒即“断臂维纳斯”的发现这尊被认为世界上最美的女性雕塑多少人想复原她的双臂姿势都以失败告终“断臂维纳斯”也由此作为残缺美的经典永远定格为废墟的残缺美进入美学殿堂提供了有力的依据使保护废墟遗址成为一种文化行为有位外国作家在观赏希腊卫城废墟的时候发出这样的惊叹“那种想象的喜悦不是所谓的空想的诗而是悟性的陶醉”我国有作家旅欧时也兴发类似的惊叹“看到一座古堡废墟耸立在多瑙河畔就像看到了600年前塞尔维亚人的智慧和力量”美学家朱光潜说“年代的久远常常使一种最寻常的物体也具有一种美”那些遥远年代创造的宏伟的宫殿陵寝庙宇城墙古桥古塔等包含着前人非凡的智慧和巨大的辛劳不管它毁于兵燹还是天灾都会引起人们的痛惜抚残体以思整体产生心灵的震撼和共鸣而这种震撼和共鸣就是一个审美的过程一见残破的废墟就觉得碍眼不惜工本修葺一新这在某种意义上是缺乏文化素养的表现重修伟大的长城废墟这一“石头的史诗”修了一段又一段然后把这些新长城当作旅游点吸引游人来看这假古董这是对国民文物意识的严重误导!殊不知这种以假乱真的做法对那些稍有文物意识的游客来说是倒胃口的笔者曾多次陪同来自各地的朋友游览长城人家往往事先就提出要求“可不要领我们去看新的长城哦!”一次我陪两对外国夫妇游览司马台长城起初我也不知道它是“修旧如旧”过的以为是被岁月特赦了的直到走完最后一个完好的岗楼时眼前突然出现乱石满地的残破的长城遗迹大家不约而同喊了起来“长城在这里呢!”不顾一切地攀爬了起来不难理解人家要瞻仰和领悟的是那尽管残破却带着岁月沧桑因而能唤起“悟性的陶醉”的伟大长城废墟而不是任何用钱就能换来的崭新建筑联系近年来重修圆明园的呼声特别是上世纪90年代以来无数大拆大建事件不难看出关于废墟美的意识在有些人那里还是“○”!取材于叶廷芳保护废墟欣赏废墟之美 下列对文章内容的理解不正确的两项是
偃虹堤记 有自岳阳至者以滕侯【1】之书洞庭之图来告曰“愿有所记”予发书按图自岳阳门西距金鸡之右其外隐然隆高以长者曰偃虹堤问其作而名者曰“吾滕侯之所为也”问其所以作之利害曰“洞庭天下之至险而岳阳荆潭黔蜀四会之冲也昔舟之往来湖中者至无所寓则皆泊南津其有事于州者远且劳而又常有__之恐覆溺之虞今舟之至者皆泊堤下有事于州者近而且无患”问其大小之制用人之力曰“长一千尺高三十尺厚加二尺用民力万有五千五百工而不逾时以成”问其始作之谋曰“州以事上转运使转运使择其吏之能者行视可否凡三反复而又上于朝廷决之三司然后曰可而皆不能易吾侯之议也”曰“此君子之作也可以书矣” 盖虑于民也深则其谋始也精故能用力少而为功多夫以百步之堤御天下至险不测之虞惠其民而及于荆潭黔蜀凡往来湖中无远迩之人皆蒙其利焉且岳阳四会之冲舟之来而止者日凡有几!使堤土石幸久不朽则滕侯之惠利于人物可以数计哉夫事不患于不成而患于易坏盖作者未始不欲其久存而继者常至于殆废自古贤智之士为其民捍患兴利其遗迹往往而在使其继者皆如始作之心则民到于今受其赐天下岂有遗利乎此滕侯之所以虑而欲有纪于后也 滕侯志大材高名闻当世方朝廷用兵急人之时常显用之而功未及就退守一州无所用心略施其余以利及物夫虑熟谋审力不劳而功倍作事可以为后法一宜书不苟一时之誉思为利于无穷而告来者不以废二宜书岳之民人与湖中之往来者皆欲为滕侯纪三宜书以三宜书不可以不书乃为之书 庆历六年某月某日记 取材于欧阳文忠公集 注释【1】滕侯即滕子京北宋人屡遭贬黜其时被贬任岳州知州 用斜线/给上面文言文画长横线的部分断句
日常交际中“得体”是语言表达的一项基本要求完成①②题 ②午宴上某中学生遇到父母的朋友劝酒下列回应得体的一项是
A AGuidetotheUniversity Food TheTWUCafeteriaisopen7amto8pm.Itservessnacksdrinksicecreambarsandmeals.YoucanpaywithcashoryourIDcards.YoucanaddmealmoneytoyourIDcardsattheFrontDesk.Evenifyoudonotbuyyourfoodinthecafeteriayoucanusethetablestoeatyourlunchtohavemeetingsandtostudy. IfyouareoncampusintheeveningorlatatnightyoucanbuysnacksfastfoodanddrinksintheLowerCafélocatedinthebottomleveloftheGouglasCentre.ThisareaisoftenusedforentertainmentsuchasconcertsgamesorTVwatching. Relaxation TheGlobelocatedinthebottomlevelofMcMillanHallisavailableforrelaxingstudyingcookingandeating.Monthlyactivitiesareheldhereforallinternationalstudents.Hoursare10amto10pmclosedonSundays. Health LocatedonthetopfloorofDouglasHalltheWellnessCentreiscommittedtophysicalemotionalandsocialhealth.Adoctorandnurseisavailableifyouhavehealthquestionsorneedimmediatemedicalhelporpersonaladvice.Thecostofthisisincludedinyourmedicalinsurance.HoursareMondaytoFriday9amtonoonand1;00to4;30pm. AcademicSupport AllstudentshaveaccesstotheWritingCentreontheupperfloorofDouglasHall.Herequalifiedvolunteerswillworkwithyouonwrittenworkgrammarvocabularyandotheracademicskills.Youcansignupforanappointmentonthesign-upsheetoutsidethedoortwo30–minuteappointmentsperweekmaximum.Thisserviceisfree. Transportation TheTWUExpressisashuttleservice.TheshuttletransportsstudentsbetweencampusandtheshoppingcentreleavingfromtheMattsonCentre.Operationhoursarebetween8amand3pm.Saturdaysonly.Roundtripfareis$1.WhatcanyoudointheTWUCafeteria
以下四副对联分别对应四位文学家全部正确的一组是 ①金石文章空八代江山姓氏著千秋 ②刚正不阿留得正气凌霄汉幽而发愤著成信使照尘寰 ③何处招魂香草还生三户地当年呵壁湘流应识九歌心 ④大河百代众浪齐奔淘尽万个英雄汉词苑千载群芳竞秀盛开一枝女儿花
C DadIsayoneday..takeatrip.Whydon’tyouflyandmeetme Myfatherhadjustreired..Hisjobfilledhisdayhisthoughthislife.WhilehewokeupandtookawarmshowerIscreamedunderafreezingwaterfallPeru.WhilehetiedatieandputonthesameSwisswatchIrowedaboatacrossLakeoftheOzarks. Myfatherseesmedrftingaimlesslynothingtoshowformy33yearsbutapassportfulloffunnystamps.HewantsmetosettledownbutnowIwanthimtofindanadventure. Heagreestotravelwithmethroughthenationalparks.WemeetfourweekslaterinRapidCity. Whatisourfirststopasksmyfather. Whattimeisit Stilldon’thaveawatch LessthananhourawayisMountRushmore.AshestaresupatthefourPresidentscarvedingranitehismouthandeyesopenslowlylikethoseoflittleboy. UnbelievablehesaysHowwasthisdone AfilmintheinformationcentershowssculptorGutzonBorglumdevoted14yearstothesculptureandthenleftthefinaltouchestohisson. WestareupandIaskmyselfWouldIeverdevotemylifetoanything NodirectionsIalwaysusedtohearthosewordsinmyfather’svoice.NowIheartheminmyown. Thenextdaywe’reatYellowstoneNationalParkwherewehaveapicnic. DidyouevertravelwithyourdadIask. Onlyoncehesays.Ineverspokemuchwithmyfather.Welovedeachother---butneversaidit.Whateverhecouldgivemehegave.> Thekastsebtebce----it’sprobablythesamethingI’ssayaboutmyfather.AndwhatI’dwantmychildtosayaboutme. InGlacierNationalParkmyfathersaysI’veneverseenwatersoblue.IhaveinseveralplacesoftheworldIcankeeptravelingIrealize---andmaybearegularjobwon’tbeasdullasIfeared. WeeksafterourtripIcallmyfather. Thephotosfromthetriparewonderfulhesays.Wehavegottotakeanothertriplikethatsometime. ItellhimI’velearndecidedtosettledownandI’mwearingawatch.Fromtheunderlinedparagraphwecanseethattheauthor________.
阅读短文按照题目要求用英语回答问题 LastDecemberDorisLowturned90.OnceaweekshestilldrivestotheCanadianNationalInstitutefortheBlindCNIBinTorontowhereshehelpstransformliteratureintoBrailletobringthepowerofstoryandknowledgetothehearsandmindsofblindreaders.Shehasbeenvolunteeringhertimeandtalentstosuchenterprisesfoemorethan40years. AfterworkinginthebusinessworldforawhileLowgotfedup.Sosheturnedtoteachingatatechnicalschoolandlatermovedintothelibrary. Low’smotherlikedreading.Ashereyesbegantofaillowreadtoher.ThenhearinganadvertisementencouragingpeopletolearnBrailleIdecidedtogiveitatry.In1973shewascertifiedasabrailletranscriber转译者andbegantranscribingbooksasavolunteerfortheCNIBlibrary. Thejobwasstrenuous---shecouldgettotheendofapagemakeamistakeonthelastlineandhavetodothewholethingagain.ForanumberofyearslowalsoworkedintheCNIBsoundstudioreadingbooksontotape.Threeyearsagoshetookupproofreading校对attheCNIB’swordfactory. InAprilduringVolunteerWeektheCNIBrecognizedLowforhergreatcontributions.ThankstovolunteerslikeLowtheCNIBlibraryhasgotmorethan80000accessiblematerialsforpeopleunabletoreadtraditionalprint.Ican’timaginehowmanyreadersofallageshavebenefitedfrom Doris’scontributionasaskilledvolunteerthroughherrichvoiceandherhighdegreeofaccuracyinthehundredsofbooksshehasbrailledandproofreadovertheyears---andsheisstilldoingsosaidaCNIBofficial. FormesaidLowtheCNIBismorethanjustaplacetovolunteer.Threethinsmattermostinmylife:alittleplayalittleworkalittlelove.I’vefoundthemallhere.WhatdoesLowstilldoattheageof90attheCNIBnomorethan10words
下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一组是
微写作10分 从下面三个题目中任选一题按要求作答不超过150字 ①毕业前语文老师请同学们把自己学习语文的体会写下来与下一届同学分享要求所写的体会具体切实易记忆 ②今天早晨是家长送你来考场的吗请对家长送考现象予以评论要求观点明确有理有据 ③写一段抒情文字可写诗歌纪念自己的18岁要求感情真挚富有文采
偃虹堤记 有自岳阳至者以滕侯【1】之书洞庭之图来告曰“愿有所记”予发书按图自岳阳门西距金鸡之右其外隐然隆高以长者曰偃虹堤问其作而名者曰“吾滕侯之所为也”问其所以作之利害曰“洞庭天下之至险而岳阳荆潭黔蜀四会之冲也昔舟之往来湖中者至无所寓则皆泊南津其有事于州者远且劳而又常有__之恐覆溺之虞今舟之至者皆泊堤下有事于州者近而且无患”问其大小之制用人之力曰“长一千尺高三十尺厚加二尺用民力万有五千五百工而不逾时以成”问其始作之谋曰“州以事上转运使转运使择其吏之能者行视可否凡三反复而又上于朝廷决之三司然后曰可而皆不能易吾侯之议也”曰“此君子之作也可以书矣” 盖虑于民也深则其谋始也精故能用力少而为功多夫以百步之堤御天下至险不测之虞惠其民而及于荆潭黔蜀凡往来湖中无远迩之人皆蒙其利焉且岳阳四会之冲舟之来而止者日凡有几!使堤土石幸久不朽则滕侯之惠利于人物可以数计哉夫事不患于不成而患于易坏盖作者未始不欲其久存而继者常至于殆废自古贤智之士为其民捍患兴利其遗迹往往而在使其继者皆如始作之心则民到于今受其赐天下岂有遗利乎此滕侯之所以虑而欲有纪于后也 滕侯志大材高名闻当世方朝廷用兵急人之时常显用之而功未及就退守一州无所用心略施其余以利及物夫虑熟谋审力不劳而功倍作事可以为后法一宜书不苟一时之誉思为利于无穷而告来者不以废二宜书岳之民人与湖中之往来者皆欲为滕侯纪三宜书以三宜书不可以不书乃为之书 庆历六年某月某日记 取材于欧阳文忠公集 注释【1】滕侯即滕子京北宋人屡遭贬黜其时被贬任岳州知州 下列对文中语句的理解不符合文意的一项是
阅读下面诗歌完成①—③题 奉陪郑驸马韦曲【1】 杜甫 韦曲花无赖家家恼煞人绿樽须尽日白发好禁【2】春 石角钩衣破藤梢刺眼新何时占丛竹头戴小乌巾 注释【1】韦曲唐代长安游览胜地杜甫作此诗时求仕于长安而未果【2】禁消瘦 ③前人引南史注诗中小乌巾刘岩隐逸不仕常著缁衣小乌巾结合这一注解谈谈诗的最后两句表达了诗人怎样的思想感情
阅读下面的文字完成1—4题“千门万户曈曈日总把新桃换日符”贴春联是中国人过年时的一项传统民俗活动人们通常在除夕这天将写好的春联贴于门上春联的字数可多可少但上下联必须构成对仗如四言联“春安夏泰秋稔rěn冬祥”六言联“冬尽梅花点点□□□□□□”春联寓意吉祥言简意赅gāi深受人们喜爱春联是仅在春节这一特定时节张贴的对联而对联还有其他种类如婚联寿联挽联以及为园林建筑甲题写/题签的楹yíng联等对联的撰写往往注重其乙蕴涵/内涵与品位尤其是名联佳对文辞讲究意蕴丰富丙吟咏/涵咏起来锒锒上口齿颊留香对联或镌jùn刻或书写楷行隶篆其中不乏艺术精品 在文中甲乙丙处依次填入词语恰当的一项是
A AGuidetotheUniversity Food TheTWUCafeteriaisopen7amto8pm.Itservessnacksdrinksicecreambarsandmeals.YoucanpaywithcashoryourIDcards.YoucanaddmealmoneytoyourIDcardsattheFrontDesk.Evenifyoudonotbuyyourfoodinthecafeteriayoucanusethetablestoeatyourlunchtohavemeetingsandtostudy. IfyouareoncampusintheeveningorlatatnightyoucanbuysnacksfastfoodanddrinksintheLowerCafélocatedinthebottomleveloftheGouglasCentre.ThisareaisoftenusedforentertainmentsuchasconcertsgamesorTVwatching. Relaxation TheGlobelocatedinthebottomlevelofMcMillanHallisavailableforrelaxingstudyingcookingandeating.Monthlyactivitiesareheldhereforallinternationalstudents.Hoursare10amto10pmclosedonSundays. Health LocatedonthetopfloorofDouglasHalltheWellnessCentreiscommittedtophysicalemotionalandsocialhealth.Adoctorandnurseisavailableifyouhavehealthquestionsorneedimmediatemedicalhelporpersonaladvice.Thecostofthisisincludedinyourmedicalinsurance.HoursareMondaytoFriday9amtonoonand1;00to4;30pm. AcademicSupport AllstudentshaveaccesstotheWritingCentreontheupperfloorofDouglasHall.Herequalifiedvolunteerswillworkwithyouonwrittenworkgrammarvocabularyandotheracademicskills.Youcansignupforanappointmentonthesign-upsheetoutsidethedoortwo30–minuteappointmentsperweekmaximum.Thisserviceisfree. Transportation TheTWUExpressisashuttleservice.TheshuttletransportsstudentsbetweencampusandtheshoppingcentreleavingfromtheMattsonCentre.Operationhoursarebetween8amand3pm.Saturdaysonly.Roundtripfareis$1.WhatisthefunctionofTWUExpress
D Peoplearen’twalkinganymore---iftheycanfigureoutawaytoavoidit. IfeltsuperioraboutthismatteruntiltheotherdayItookmycartomailasmallparcel.Thejourneyisamatterof281steps.ButIusedthecar.AndIwasn’tinayhurryeitherIhadmerelybecomeonemorevictimofanationalsickness:motorosis. ItisanillnesstowhichIhadthoughtmyselfimmuneforIwasbredinthetraditionofgoingtoplacesonmyowntwolegs.Atthattimeweregarded25milesasgoodday’swalkandtheabilitytocoversuchadistanceintenhoursassignofstrengthandskill.Itdidnotoccurtousthatwalkingwasahardship.Andtheeffectwaslasting.WhenIwas45yearsoldIraced–andbeat—ateenagefootballplayerthe168stepsuptheStatureofLiberty. Suchenterprisestodayareregardedbymanymiddle-agedpersonsasbadfortheheart.Butawell-knownBritishphysicianSirAdolpheAbrhamspointedoutrecentlythatheartsandbodiesneedproperismorelikelytohaveillnessesthanonewhoexercisesregularly.Andwlakingisanidealformofexercise---themostfamiliarandnaturalofall. ItwasHenryThoreauwhoshowedmankindtherichnessofgoingonfoot.ThemanwalkingcanlearnthetreesflowerinsectsbirdsandanimalsthesignificanceofseasonstheveryfeelofhimselfasalivingcreatureinalivingworldHecannotlearninacar. Thecarisaconvenientmeansoftransportbutwehavemadeitourwayoflife.Manypeopledon’tdaretoapproachNatureanymore;tothemtheworldtheywereborntoenjoyisallthreat.Tothemsecurityisasteelriverthunderingonaconcreteroad.Andmuchoftheirthinkingtakesplacewhilewaitingforthetrafficlighttoturngreen. Isaythatthegreenofforestsisthemind’sbestlight.Andnonebutthemanonfootcanevaluatewhatisbasicandeverlasting.Whatwaslifelikewhentheauthorwasyoung
C DadIsayoneday..takeatrip.Whydon’tyouflyandmeetme Myfatherhadjustreired..Hisjobfilledhisdayhisthoughthislife.WhilehewokeupandtookawarmshowerIscreamedunderafreezingwaterfallPeru.WhilehetiedatieandputonthesameSwisswatchIrowedaboatacrossLakeoftheOzarks. Myfatherseesmedrftingaimlesslynothingtoshowformy33yearsbutapassportfulloffunnystamps.HewantsmetosettledownbutnowIwanthimtofindanadventure. Heagreestotravelwithmethroughthenationalparks.WemeetfourweekslaterinRapidCity. Whatisourfirststopasksmyfather. Whattimeisit Stilldon’thaveawatch LessthananhourawayisMountRushmore.AshestaresupatthefourPresidentscarvedingranitehismouthandeyesopenslowlylikethoseoflittleboy. UnbelievablehesaysHowwasthisdone AfilmintheinformationcentershowssculptorGutzonBorglumdevoted14yearstothesculptureandthenleftthefinaltouchestohisson. WestareupandIaskmyselfWouldIeverdevotemylifetoanything NodirectionsIalwaysusedtohearthosewordsinmyfather’svoice.NowIheartheminmyown. Thenextdaywe’reatYellowstoneNationalParkwherewehaveapicnic. DidyouevertravelwithyourdadIask. Onlyoncehesays.Ineverspokemuchwithmyfather.Welovedeachother---butneversaidit.Whateverhecouldgivemehegave.> Thekastsebtebce----it’sprobablythesamethingI’ssayaboutmyfather.AndwhatI’dwantmychildtosayaboutme. InGlacierNationalParkmyfathersaysI’veneverseenwatersoblue.IhaveinseveralplacesoftheworldIcankeeptravelingIrealize---andmaybearegularjobwon’tbeasdullasIfeared. WeeksafterourtripIcallmyfather. Thephotosfromthetriparewonderfulhesays.Wehavegottotakeanothertriplikethatsometime. ItellhimI’velearndecidedtosettledownandI’mwearingawatch.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage
阅读下面诗歌完成①—③题 奉陪郑驸马韦曲【1】 杜甫 韦曲花无赖家家恼煞人绿樽须尽日白发好禁【2】春 石角钩衣破藤梢刺眼新何时占丛竹头戴小乌巾 注释【1】韦曲唐代长安游览胜地杜甫作此诗时求仕于长安而未果【2】禁消瘦 ①下列对本诗的理解不正确的一项是
阅读短文按照题目要求用英语回答问题 LastDecemberDorisLowturned90.OnceaweekshestilldrivestotheCanadianNationalInstitutefortheBlindCNIBinTorontowhereshehelpstransformliteratureintoBrailletobringthepowerofstoryandknowledgetothehearsandmindsofblindreaders.Shehasbeenvolunteeringhertimeandtalentstosuchenterprisesfoemorethan40years. AfterworkinginthebusinessworldforawhileLowgotfedup.Sosheturnedtoteachingatatechnicalschoolandlatermovedintothelibrary. Low’smotherlikedreading.Ashereyesbegantofaillowreadtoher.ThenhearinganadvertisementencouragingpeopletolearnBrailleIdecidedtogiveitatry.In1973shewascertifiedasabrailletranscriber转译者andbegantranscribingbooksasavolunteerfortheCNIBlibrary. Thejobwasstrenuous---shecouldgettotheendofapagemakeamistakeonthelastlineandhavetodothewholethingagain.ForanumberofyearslowalsoworkedintheCNIBsoundstudioreadingbooksontotape.Threeyearsagoshetookupproofreading校对attheCNIB’swordfactory. InAprilduringVolunteerWeektheCNIBrecognizedLowforhergreatcontributions.ThankstovolunteerslikeLowtheCNIBlibraryhasgotmorethan80000accessiblematerialsforpeopleunabletoreadtraditionalprint.Ican’timaginehowmanyreadersofallageshavebenefitedfrom Doris’scontributionasaskilledvolunteerthroughherrichvoiceandherhighdegreeofaccuracyinthehundredsofbooksshehasbrailledandproofreadovertheyears---andsheisstilldoingsosaidaCNIBofficial. FormesaidLowtheCNIBismorethanjustaplacetovolunteer.Threethinsmattermostinmylife:alittleplayalittleworkalittlelove.I’vefoundthemallhere.WhatdoyouthinkofLowGiveyourreasons.nomorethan20words
废墟之美“废墟”在很多中国人的心目中是一个跟文化和美学不相干的贬义词甚至现代汉语词典对“废墟”一词的解释也仅仅是“城市村庄遭受破坏或灾害后变成的荒凉地方”现代汉语词典的解释并没有错但若用世界知识来衡量这样的理解就很不够了在欧洲“废墟”的含义自近代以来有了明显的丰富和扩充这个语词被赋予了更为深厚的内涵“废墟”的词义变化是从欧洲的文艺复兴开始的早在15世纪人们从偶然的废墟挖掘中发现了古代希腊罗马时代那些生机勃勃的壁画雕塑等绝妙艺术品受到极大的震撼和鼓舞于是决心以古代为榜样来复兴文学和艺术古代那些巍峨的神庙和宫殿尽管多半都在战火和天灾中沦为废墟了但它们依然令人肃然起敬不仅引起人们思古的幽情更激发人们对艺术创造的热情从那时起欧洲人就渐渐养成了对所谓“残缺美”的欣赏习惯于是各地残破的古建筑遗址越来越成为文学艺术家描写和表现的对象“文物”的意识也在人们心中萌发了废墟的美学价值及品位的提升另一个重要进程是18世纪末19世纪初的浪漫主义运动这一历史时期欧洲工业化运动的弊端已开始显现出来加上启蒙运动中提出的“返归自然”的主张这些都在浪漫主义运动中引起强烈的反响一些浪漫派作家厌恶工业化的喧嚣缅怀中世纪的田园生活和情调创作中喜好远古的题材追求神奇和神秘爱好废墟的景象欧洲常见的古堡遗址很符合他们的审美理想第三股推动力量是1820年爱琴海米罗岛上的女性雕塑阿弗洛狄忒即“断臂维纳斯”的发现这尊被认为世界上最美的女性雕塑多少人想复原她的双臂姿势都以失败告终“断臂维纳斯”也由此作为残缺美的经典永远定格为废墟的残缺美进入美学殿堂提供了有力的依据使保护废墟遗址成为一种文化行为有位外国作家在观赏希腊卫城废墟的时候发出这样的惊叹“那种想象的喜悦不是所谓的空想的诗而是悟性的陶醉”我国有作家旅欧时也兴发类似的惊叹“看到一座古堡废墟耸立在多瑙河畔就像看到了600年前塞尔维亚人的智慧和力量”美学家朱光潜说“年代的久远常常使一种最寻常的物体也具有一种美”那些遥远年代创造的宏伟的宫殿陵寝庙宇城墙古桥古塔等包含着前人非凡的智慧和巨大的辛劳不管它毁于兵燹还是天灾都会引起人们的痛惜抚残体以思整体产生心灵的震撼和共鸣而这种震撼和共鸣就是一个审美的过程一见残破的废墟就觉得碍眼不惜工本修葺一新这在某种意义上是缺乏文化素养的表现重修伟大的长城废墟这一“石头的史诗”修了一段又一段然后把这些新长城当作旅游点吸引游人来看这假古董这是对国民文物意识的严重误导!殊不知这种以假乱真的做法对那些稍有文物意识的游客来说是倒胃口的笔者曾多次陪同来自各地的朋友游览长城人家往往事先就提出要求“可不要领我们去看新的长城哦!”一次我陪两对外国夫妇游览司马台长城起初我也不知道它是“修旧如旧”过的以为是被岁月特赦了的直到走完最后一个完好的岗楼时眼前突然出现乱石满地的残破的长城遗迹大家不约而同喊了起来“长城在这里呢!”不顾一切地攀爬了起来不难理解人家要瞻仰和领悟的是那尽管残破却带着岁月沧桑因而能唤起“悟性的陶醉”的伟大长城废墟而不是任何用钱就能换来的崭新建筑联系近年来重修圆明园的呼声特别是上世纪90年代以来无数大拆大建事件不难看出关于废墟美的意识在有些人那里还是“○”!取材于叶廷芳保护废墟欣赏废墟之美 文章勾勒了欧洲自近代以来理解废墟过程中的三个重要历史节点请分别概括三个节点中人们对废墟的不同审美感悟
“月”是中国古典文学中常见的意象本题与“月”的意象相关完成①—③题 ②秦时明月汉时关意思是秦汉时的明月秦汉时的关下列与这一表现手法相同的一项是
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说到光伏发电人们往往会想到的是那些巨大的太阳能电池阵列年轻的朋友们也许会联想到美国电影变形金刚中那些具有“超能力”的“汽车人”所配备的能量块其实______________________光伏效应就是太阳光射在硅材料上产生电流直接发电使其能量达到最佳转换的效果以硅材料的应用开发形成的产业链条业内称之为光伏产业光伏效应的重要条件就是离不开太阳能资源而太阳能资源则具有永不枯竭的优势光伏发电可以追溯到上个世纪的70年代由于两次石油危机的影响光伏发电在发达国家受到高度重视发展较快自1969年法国建成世界上第一座太阳能发电站太阳能发电的比例在欧美国家逐渐提高太阳能光伏技术也得到了不断发展在太阳能发电系统中并网发电和独立式发电应用系统已经实实在在地出现在我们的生活之中在很多大中型城市甚至一些偏远地区太阳能路灯的使用已经很普及还有住宅区的照明机场照明医院照明公交站牌指示灯等都可以不依赖城市电网供电只用太阳能电池组件将光能直接转换成了电能多余的电量被储存在蓄电池里待需要时再释放出来在特殊天气和自然灾害来临时光伏发电的独特优势更是显现无遗由于各个组成部分相对密闭且在生产时大都进行了抗强风暴雨地震雪压等极端恶劣天气的试验在面对灾害时光伏独立发电产品往往能够平安度过当传统电力系统无法供电时这些太阳能发电设备却可以迅速恢复供电成为救命的能源实践证明太阳能光伏发电系统的优势非常适合在偏远山区或牧区应用其既可以为农牧民提供家庭用电又可以驱动水泵灌溉农田这些地方光照强遮挡少太阳能资源丰富独立式光伏发电系统的优势得到了充分的发挥中国可谓是名副其实的太阳能资源大国具备了广泛应用光伏发电技术的地理条件我国的光照资源主要分布在西北地区1平方公里可安装100兆瓦光伏阵列每年可发电1.5亿度我国有荒漠面积108万平方公里如果开发利用1%的荒漠就可以发出相当于2003年全国一年的用电量丰富的太阳能资源为光伏发电技术的发展提供了可靠的基础能源值得欣慰的是为鼓励新能源的开发和利用国家近年内出台了一些关于发展新能源的政策其中关于实施金太阳示范工程的通知已公布实施2013年更是加快了光伏发电示范项目和相关基础能力建设的步伐体现了国家政策对正在起步阶段的光伏发电技术的扶持和鼓励取材于2013年科技生活陈雷博的文章链接材料光伏发电系统的主要部件是太阳能电池蓄电池控制器和逆变器其特点是可靠性高使用寿命长不污染环境能独立发电又能并网运行受到各国企业组织的青睐具有广阔的发展前景 下列对文章有关内容含链接材料的理解与分析正确的两项是
偃虹堤记 有自岳阳至者以滕侯【1】之书洞庭之图来告曰“愿有所记”予发书按图自岳阳门西距金鸡之右其外隐然隆高以长者曰偃虹堤问其作而名者曰“吾滕侯之所为也”问其所以作之利害曰“洞庭天下之至险而岳阳荆潭黔蜀四会之冲也昔舟之往来湖中者至无所寓则皆泊南津其有事于州者远且劳而又常有__之恐覆溺之虞今舟之至者皆泊堤下有事于州者近而且无患”问其大小之制用人之力曰“长一千尺高三十尺厚加二尺用民力万有五千五百工而不逾时以成”问其始作之谋曰“州以事上转运使转运使择其吏之能者行视可否凡三反复而又上于朝廷决之三司然后曰可而皆不能易吾侯之议也”曰“此君子之作也可以书矣” 盖虑于民也深则其谋始也精故能用力少而为功多夫以百步之堤御天下至险不测之虞惠其民而及于荆潭黔蜀凡往来湖中无远迩之人皆蒙其利焉且岳阳四会之冲舟之来而止者日凡有几!使堤土石幸久不朽则滕侯之惠利于人物可以数计哉夫事不患于不成而患于易坏盖作者未始不欲其久存而继者常至于殆废自古贤智之士为其民捍患兴利其遗迹往往而在使其继者皆如始作之心则民到于今受其赐天下岂有遗利乎此滕侯之所以虑而欲有纪于后也 滕侯志大材高名闻当世方朝廷用兵急人之时常显用之而功未及就退守一州无所用心略施其余以利及物夫虑熟谋审力不劳而功倍作事可以为后法一宜书不苟一时之誉思为利于无穷而告来者不以废二宜书岳之民人与湖中之往来者皆欲为滕侯纪三宜书以三宜书不可以不书乃为之书 庆历六年某月某日记 取材于欧阳文忠公集 注释【1】滕侯即滕子京北宋人屡遭贬黜其时被贬任岳州知州 偃虹堤记写到滕侯功未及就退守一州无所用心略施其余以利及物请在方格里填写岳阳楼记中内容与之相关的文句
下列句子中加横线的俗语使用不正确的一项是
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