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Part B Directions: The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order, for Questions 41—45, you ...
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SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10pointsThoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkinordertoleavemorejobsformentheideahasbeen1bybothwomenandmeninpublic2polls.Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomenare3intypesofworkwhichwere4formenandthatwomenshouldstepasidetomake5forunemployedyoungmen.Theyarguethatwomenespeciallywomenintheirchild--bearingyearsactuallydelayeconomicdevelopmentandresult6lower7poorqualityandinefficiency.Tosolvetheproblemtheysuggestedthatworkingwomenstayathome8theirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendoublewages.Theyarguethatunderthese9familieswouldremaintheirsamelevelofincomeandwomencouldrunthehouseand10childrenmuchbetter.Thesuggestion11hasbeenflatlyrejectedby9outof10people12.Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherway13"phasedemployment"theory.Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworkertake14fromherjobwhensheissevenmonths15andstayoffthejob16herbabyreachestheageof3.Itsuggeststhatwomenonleavereceive75percentoftheir17salaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthethree--yearperiod.Thiswill18childrenwomentheirfamiliesandthesocietyandit19seemstobemore20thanthesuggestionthatwomenreturntotheirhomesforever. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.12
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10pointsThoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkinordertoleavemorejobsformentheideahasbeen1bybothwomenandmeninpublic2polls.Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomenare3intypesofworkwhichwere4formenandthatwomenshouldstepasidetomake5forunemployedyoungmen.Theyarguethatwomenespeciallywomenintheirchild--bearingyearsactuallydelayeconomicdevelopmentandresult6lower7poorqualityandinefficiency.Tosolvetheproblemtheysuggestedthatworkingwomenstayathome8theirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendoublewages.Theyarguethatunderthese9familieswouldremaintheirsamelevelofincomeandwomencouldrunthehouseand10childrenmuchbetter.Thesuggestion11hasbeenflatlyrejectedby9outof10people12.Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherway13"phasedemployment"theory.Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworkertake14fromherjobwhensheissevenmonths15andstayoffthejob16herbabyreachestheageof3.Itsuggeststhatwomenonleavereceive75percentoftheir17salaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthethree--yearperiod.Thiswill18childrenwomentheirfamiliesandthesocietyandit19seemstobemore20thanthesuggestionthatwomenreturntotheirhomesforever. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.20
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10pointsThoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkinordertoleavemorejobsformentheideahasbeen1bybothwomenandmeninpublic2polls.Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomenare3intypesofworkwhichwere4formenandthatwomenshouldstepasidetomake5forunemployedyoungmen.Theyarguethatwomenespeciallywomenintheirchild--bearingyearsactuallydelayeconomicdevelopmentandresult6lower7poorqualityandinefficiency.Tosolvetheproblemtheysuggestedthatworkingwomenstayathome8theirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendoublewages.Theyarguethatunderthese9familieswouldremaintheirsamelevelofincomeandwomencouldrunthehouseand10childrenmuchbetter.Thesuggestion11hasbeenflatlyrejectedby9outof10people12.Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherway13"phasedemployment"theory.Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworkertake14fromherjobwhensheissevenmonths15andstayoffthejob16herbabyreachestheageof3.Itsuggeststhatwomenonleavereceive75percentoftheir17salaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthethree--yearperiod.Thiswill18childrenwomentheirfamiliesandthesocietyandit19seemstobemore20thanthesuggestionthatwomenreturntotheirhomesforever. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.6
SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readingthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.40pointsText1WhenitcomestosuingdoctorsPhiladelphiaishardlythecityofbrotherlylove.AcombinationofsprightlylawyersandsympatheticjurieshasmadePhiladelphiaahotspotformedical-malpracticelawsuits.Since1995Pennsylvaniastatecourtshaveawardedanaverageof$2minsuchcasesaccordingtoJuryVerdictResearchasurveyfirm.Somemedicalspecialistshaveseentheirmalpracticeinsurancepremiumsnearlydoubleoverthepastyear.Obstetriciansarenowpayingupto$104000ayeartoprotectthemselves.Theinsuranceindustryislargelytoblame.CarolGolintheMonitor’seditorarguesthatinthe1990sinsurerstriedtograbmarketsharebyofferingartificiallylowratesbettingthatanylosseswouldbecoveredbygainsontheirinvestments.Thestock-marketcorrectioncoupledwiththelargelegalawardshaserodedtheinsurers’reserves.ThreeinPennsylvaniaalonehavegonebust.Afewdoctors--particularlyolderones---willquit.Therestareadapting.Someareabandoninglitigation-proneproceduressuchasdeliveringbabies.Othersaremovingpartsoftheirpracticetoneighboringstateswhereinsuranceratesarelower.SomefromPennsylvaniahaveopenedofficesinNewJersey.Newdoctorsmayalsobedeterredfromsettingupshopinlitigationhavenshoweverprestigious.DespiteaRepublicanpresidenttortreformhasgotnowhereatthefederallevel.IndeeddoctorscouldgetclobberedindirectlybyaPatients’BillofRightswhichwouldfurtherexposemanagedcarecompaniestolawsuits.ThisprospecthasfuelledinterestamongdoctorsinPennsylvania’snewmedicalmalpracticereformbillwhichwassignedintolawonMarch20th.Itwillamongotherthingsgivedoctors$40mofstatefundstooffsettheirinsurancepremiumsspreadthepaymentofawardsoutovertimeandprohibitindividualsfromdouble-dippingthatissuingadoctorfordamagesthathavealreadybeenpaidbytheirhealthinsurer.ButwillitreallyhelpRandallBovbjergahealthpolicyexpertattheUrbanInstitutearguesthattheonlyproperwaytoslowdownthelitigationmachinewouldbetolimitthecompensationforpainandsufferingso-called"non-monetarydamages".Needlesstosayafixedcaponsuchawardsisresistedbymosttriallawyers.ButMrBovbjergreckonsamorenuancedapproachwithaslidingscaleofpaymentsbasedonwell-definedmeasuresofinjuryisabetterwayforward.Inthemeantimedoctorsandinsurersarebracingthemselvesforacouplemoreroughyearsbeforetheinsurancecycleturns.Nobodydisputesthathospitalstaffmakemistakes:a1999InstituteofMedicinereportclaimedthaterrorskillatleast44000patientsayear.Butthereislittleevidencethatmalpracticelawsuitsontheirownwillsolvetheproblem. BymentioningdoubledippingParagraph4theauthoristalkingabout
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10pointsThoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkinordertoleavemorejobsformentheideahasbeen1bybothwomenandmeninpublic2polls.Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomenare3intypesofworkwhichwere4formenandthatwomenshouldstepasidetomake5forunemployedyoungmen.Theyarguethatwomenespeciallywomenintheirchild--bearingyearsactuallydelayeconomicdevelopmentandresult6lower7poorqualityandinefficiency.Tosolvetheproblemtheysuggestedthatworkingwomenstayathome8theirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendoublewages.Theyarguethatunderthese9familieswouldremaintheirsamelevelofincomeandwomencouldrunthehouseand10childrenmuchbetter.Thesuggestion11hasbeenflatlyrejectedby9outof10people12.Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherway13"phasedemployment"theory.Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworkertake14fromherjobwhensheissevenmonths15andstayoffthejob16herbabyreachestheageof3.Itsuggeststhatwomenonleavereceive75percentoftheir17salaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthethree--yearperiod.Thiswill18childrenwomentheirfamiliesandthesocietyandit19seemstobemore20thanthesuggestionthatwomenreturntotheirhomesforever. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.18
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10pointsThoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkinordertoleavemorejobsformentheideahasbeen1bybothwomenandmeninpublic2polls.Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomenare3intypesofworkwhichwere4formenandthatwomenshouldstepasidetomake5forunemployedyoungmen.Theyarguethatwomenespeciallywomenintheirchild--bearingyearsactuallydelayeconomicdevelopmentandresult6lower7poorqualityandinefficiency.Tosolvetheproblemtheysuggestedthatworkingwomenstayathome8theirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendoublewages.Theyarguethatunderthese9familieswouldremaintheirsamelevelofincomeandwomencouldrunthehouseand10childrenmuchbetter.Thesuggestion11hasbeenflatlyrejectedby9outof10people12.Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherway13"phasedemployment"theory.Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworkertake14fromherjobwhensheissevenmonths15andstayoffthejob16herbabyreachestheageof3.Itsuggeststhatwomenonleavereceive75percentoftheir17salaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthethree--yearperiod.Thiswill18childrenwomentheirfamiliesandthesocietyandit19seemstobemore20thanthesuggestionthatwomenreturntotheirhomesforever. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.8
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10pointsThoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkinordertoleavemorejobsformentheideahasbeen1bybothwomenandmeninpublic2polls.Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomenare3intypesofworkwhichwere4formenandthatwomenshouldstepasidetomake5forunemployedyoungmen.Theyarguethatwomenespeciallywomenintheirchild--bearingyearsactuallydelayeconomicdevelopmentandresult6lower7poorqualityandinefficiency.Tosolvetheproblemtheysuggestedthatworkingwomenstayathome8theirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendoublewages.Theyarguethatunderthese9familieswouldremaintheirsamelevelofincomeandwomencouldrunthehouseand10childrenmuchbetter.Thesuggestion11hasbeenflatlyrejectedby9outof10people12.Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherway13"phasedemployment"theory.Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworkertake14fromherjobwhensheissevenmonths15andstayoffthejob16herbabyreachestheageof3.Itsuggeststhatwomenonleavereceive75percentoftheir17salaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthethree--yearperiod.Thiswill18childrenwomentheirfamiliesandthesocietyandit19seemstobemore20thanthesuggestionthatwomenreturntotheirhomesforever. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.14
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10pointsThoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkinordertoleavemorejobsformentheideahasbeen1bybothwomenandmeninpublic2polls.Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomenare3intypesofworkwhichwere4formenandthatwomenshouldstepasidetomake5forunemployedyoungmen.Theyarguethatwomenespeciallywomenintheirchild--bearingyearsactuallydelayeconomicdevelopmentandresult6lower7poorqualityandinefficiency.Tosolvetheproblemtheysuggestedthatworkingwomenstayathome8theirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendoublewages.Theyarguethatunderthese9familieswouldremaintheirsamelevelofincomeandwomencouldrunthehouseand10childrenmuchbetter.Thesuggestion11hasbeenflatlyrejectedby9outof10people12.Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherway13"phasedemployment"theory.Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworkertake14fromherjobwhensheissevenmonths15andstayoffthejob16herbabyreachestheageof3.Itsuggeststhatwomenonleavereceive75percentoftheir17salaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthethree--yearperiod.Thiswill18childrenwomentheirfamiliesandthesocietyandit19seemstobemore20thanthesuggestionthatwomenreturntotheirhomesforever. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.4
Text2AfterLosAngelesAtlantamaybeAmerica’smostcar-dependentcity.Atlantanssentimentallygivetheircarsnamescomparespeedingticketsandjealouslyguardanysidestreetwhereitispossibletopark.Thecity’sroadsaresowellwornthatthefirstactofthenewmayorShirleyFranklinwastostartrepairingpotholes.In199813metrocountieslostfederalhighwayfundsbecausetheirair-pollutionlevelsviolatedtheCleanAirAct.TheAmericanHighwayUsersAlliancerankedthreeAtlantainterchangesamongthe18worstbottlenecksinthecountry.Othercitiesinthesamefixhavereorganizedtheirhighwaysimposedcommuterandcartaxesorexpandedtheirpublic-transportsystems.Atlantadoesnotlikeanyofthesethings.Publictransportisavexedsubjecttoo.Atlanta’smetropolitanregionisdividedintonumerouscountyandsmallercitygovernmentswhichfindithardtoworktogether.Railwaysnowservethecitycenterandtheairportbutnotmuchelsebusstopsareoftennear-invisiblepolesofferingnoindicationofwhichbusmightstopthereorwhen.Georgia’sDemocraticgovernorRoyBarneswhohopesforre-electioninNovemberhasotherplans.TowinbackthefederalhighwaymoneylostundertheCleanAirActhecreatedtheGeorgiaRegionalTransportationAuthorityGRTAa15-memberboardwiththepowertomakethecountygovernmentsthecityandtheten-countyAtlantaRegionalCommissionco-operateontransportplanswhethertheylikeitornot.NowGRTAhasissueditsownpreliminaryplanallocating$4.5billionoverthenextthreeyearsforavarietyofschemes.TheplanearmarksmoneytowidenroadstohaveanelectricshuttlebusshuttletouristsamongtheelegantvillasofBuckheadandtocreateacommuterraillinkbetweenAtlantaandMacontwohourstothesouth.Countieswillbeencouragedwithgenerousten-to-onematchingfundstostartexpressbusservices.PublicgoodwillhowevermaynotstretchasfarasthenextplanwhichistobuildtheNorthernArchighwayfor65milesacrossthreecountiesnorthofthecitylimits.GRTAhasallotted$270mforthis.Supporterssayitwouldeasethecongestiononlocalroadsopponentsthinkitwouldworsenover-developmentandtraffic.ThecountiesaffectedandevenGRTA’sownboardaredivided.Thegovernorisinfavorhowever;andsincehecanappointandfireGRTA’Smembersthatisprobablytheendofthestory.MrBarneshasatendencytodoashewantsregardless.Hisarroganceontrafficmatterscouldalsolosehimvotes.ButMrBarnesthinkthatAtlanta’sslowingeconomycoulddohimmoreharmthantheanti-sprawlmovement. Whichofthefollowingisnotpartoftheanti-sprawlmovementasplannedbygovernorRoyBarnes
Text2AfterLosAngelesAtlantamaybeAmerica’smostcar-dependentcity.Atlantanssentimentallygivetheircarsnamescomparespeedingticketsandjealouslyguardanysidestreetwhereitispossibletopark.Thecity’sroadsaresowellwornthatthefirstactofthenewmayorShirleyFranklinwastostartrepairingpotholes.In199813metrocountieslostfederalhighwayfundsbecausetheirair-pollutionlevelsviolatedtheCleanAirAct.TheAmericanHighwayUsersAlliancerankedthreeAtlantainterchangesamongthe18worstbottlenecksinthecountry.Othercitiesinthesamefixhavereorganizedtheirhighwaysimposedcommuterandcartaxesorexpandedtheirpublic-transportsystems.Atlantadoesnotlikeanyofthesethings.Publictransportisavexedsubjecttoo.Atlanta’smetropolitanregionisdividedintonumerouscountyandsmallercitygovernmentswhichfindithardtoworktogether.Railwaysnowservethecitycenterandtheairportbutnotmuchelsebusstopsareoftennear-invisiblepolesofferingnoindicationofwhichbusmightstopthereorwhen.Georgia’sDemocraticgovernorRoyBarneswhohopesforre-electioninNovemberhasotherplans.TowinbackthefederalhighwaymoneylostundertheCleanAirActhecreatedtheGeorgiaRegionalTransportationAuthorityGRTAa15-memberboardwiththepowertomakethecountygovernmentsthecityandtheten-countyAtlantaRegionalCommissionco-operateontransportplanswhethertheylikeitornot.NowGRTAhasissueditsownpreliminaryplanallocating$4.5billionoverthenextthreeyearsforavarietyofschemes.TheplanearmarksmoneytowidenroadstohaveanelectricshuttlebusshuttletouristsamongtheelegantvillasofBuckheadandtocreateacommuterraillinkbetweenAtlantaandMacontwohourstothesouth.Countieswillbeencouragedwithgenerousten-to-onematchingfundstostartexpressbusservices.PublicgoodwillhowevermaynotstretchasfarasthenextplanwhichistobuildtheNorthernArchighwayfor65milesacrossthreecountiesnorthofthecitylimits.GRTAhasallotted$270mforthis.Supporterssayitwouldeasethecongestiononlocalroadsopponentsthinkitwouldworsenover-developmentandtraffic.ThecountiesaffectedandevenGRTA’sownboardaredivided.Thegovernorisinfavorhowever;andsincehecanappointandfireGRTA’Smembersthatisprobablytheendofthestory.MrBarneshasatendencytodoashewantsregardless.Hisarroganceontrafficmatterscouldalsolosehimvotes.ButMrBarnesthinkthatAtlanta’sslowingeconomycoulddohimmoreharmthantheanti-sprawlmovement. Theauthor'spresentationofAtlantans'car-dependenceismeant
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10pointsThoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkinordertoleavemorejobsformentheideahasbeen1bybothwomenandmeninpublic2polls.Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomenare3intypesofworkwhichwere4formenandthatwomenshouldstepasidetomake5forunemployedyoungmen.Theyarguethatwomenespeciallywomenintheirchild--bearingyearsactuallydelayeconomicdevelopmentandresult6lower7poorqualityandinefficiency.Tosolvetheproblemtheysuggestedthatworkingwomenstayathome8theirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendoublewages.Theyarguethatunderthese9familieswouldremaintheirsamelevelofincomeandwomencouldrunthehouseand10childrenmuchbetter.Thesuggestion11hasbeenflatlyrejectedby9outof10people12.Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherway13"phasedemployment"theory.Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworkertake14fromherjobwhensheissevenmonths15andstayoffthejob16herbabyreachestheageof3.Itsuggeststhatwomenonleavereceive75percentoftheir17salaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthethree--yearperiod.Thiswill18childrenwomentheirfamiliesandthesocietyandit19seemstobemore20thanthesuggestionthatwomenreturntotheirhomesforever. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.16
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10pointsThoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkinordertoleavemorejobsformentheideahasbeen1bybothwomenandmeninpublic2polls.Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomenare3intypesofworkwhichwere4formenandthatwomenshouldstepasidetomake5forunemployedyoungmen.Theyarguethatwomenespeciallywomenintheirchild--bearingyearsactuallydelayeconomicdevelopmentandresult6lower7poorqualityandinefficiency.Tosolvetheproblemtheysuggestedthatworkingwomenstayathome8theirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendoublewages.Theyarguethatunderthese9familieswouldremaintheirsamelevelofincomeandwomencouldrunthehouseand10childrenmuchbetter.Thesuggestion11hasbeenflatlyrejectedby9outof10people12.Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherway13"phasedemployment"theory.Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworkertake14fromherjobwhensheissevenmonths15andstayoffthejob16herbabyreachestheageof3.Itsuggeststhatwomenonleavereceive75percentoftheir17salaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthethree--yearperiod.Thiswill18childrenwomentheirfamiliesandthesocietyandit19seemstobemore20thanthesuggestionthatwomenreturntotheirhomesforever. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.2
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10pointsThoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkinordertoleavemorejobsformentheideahasbeen1bybothwomenandmeninpublic2polls.Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomenare3intypesofworkwhichwere4formenandthatwomenshouldstepasidetomake5forunemployedyoungmen.Theyarguethatwomenespeciallywomenintheirchild--bearingyearsactuallydelayeconomicdevelopmentandresult6lower7poorqualityandinefficiency.Tosolvetheproblemtheysuggestedthatworkingwomenstayathome8theirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendoublewages.Theyarguethatunderthese9familieswouldremaintheirsamelevelofincomeandwomencouldrunthehouseand10childrenmuchbetter.Thesuggestion11hasbeenflatlyrejectedby9outof10people12.Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherway13"phasedemployment"theory.Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworkertake14fromherjobwhensheissevenmonths15andstayoffthejob16herbabyreachestheageof3.Itsuggeststhatwomenonleavereceive75percentoftheir17salaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthethree--yearperiod.Thiswill18childrenwomentheirfamiliesandthesocietyandit19seemstobemore20thanthesuggestionthatwomenreturntotheirhomesforever. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10
Text2AfterLosAngelesAtlantamaybeAmerica’smostcar-dependentcity.Atlantanssentimentallygivetheircarsnamescomparespeedingticketsandjealouslyguardanysidestreetwhereitispossibletopark.Thecity’sroadsaresowellwornthatthefirstactofthenewmayorShirleyFranklinwastostartrepairingpotholes.In199813metrocountieslostfederalhighwayfundsbecausetheirair-pollutionlevelsviolatedtheCleanAirAct.TheAmericanHighwayUsersAlliancerankedthreeAtlantainterchangesamongthe18worstbottlenecksinthecountry.Othercitiesinthesamefixhavereorganizedtheirhighwaysimposedcommuterandcartaxesorexpandedtheirpublic-transportsystems.Atlantadoesnotlikeanyofthesethings.Publictransportisavexedsubjecttoo.Atlanta’smetropolitanregionisdividedintonumerouscountyandsmallercitygovernmentswhichfindithardtoworktogether.Railwaysnowservethecitycenterandtheairportbutnotmuchelsebusstopsareoftennear-invisiblepolesofferingnoindicationofwhichbusmightstopthereorwhen.Georgia’sDemocraticgovernorRoyBarneswhohopesforre-electioninNovemberhasotherplans.TowinbackthefederalhighwaymoneylostundertheCleanAirActhecreatedtheGeorgiaRegionalTransportationAuthorityGRTAa15-memberboardwiththepowertomakethecountygovernmentsthecityandtheten-countyAtlantaRegionalCommissionco-operateontransportplanswhethertheylikeitornot.NowGRTAhasissueditsownpreliminaryplanallocating$4.5billionoverthenextthreeyearsforavarietyofschemes.TheplanearmarksmoneytowidenroadstohaveanelectricshuttlebusshuttletouristsamongtheelegantvillasofBuckheadandtocreateacommuterraillinkbetweenAtlantaandMacontwohourstothesouth.Countieswillbeencouragedwithgenerousten-to-onematchingfundstostartexpressbusservices.PublicgoodwillhowevermaynotstretchasfarasthenextplanwhichistobuildtheNorthernArchighwayfor65milesacrossthreecountiesnorthofthecitylimits.GRTAhasallotted$270mforthis.Supporterssayitwouldeasethecongestiononlocalroadsopponentsthinkitwouldworsenover-developmentandtraffic.ThecountiesaffectedandevenGRTA’sownboardaredivided.Thegovernorisinfavorhowever;andsincehecanappointandfireGRTA’Smembersthatisprobablytheendofthestory.MrBarneshasatendencytodoashewantsregardless.Hisarroganceontrafficmatterscouldalsolosehimvotes.ButMrBarnesthinkthatAtlanta’sslowingeconomycoulddohimmoreharmthantheanti-sprawlmovement. ItcanbelearntfromthetextthatGeorgia'sGovernorRoyBarnes
SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readingthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.40pointsText1WhenitcomestosuingdoctorsPhiladelphiaishardlythecityofbrotherlylove.AcombinationofsprightlylawyersandsympatheticjurieshasmadePhiladelphiaahotspotformedical-malpracticelawsuits.Since1995Pennsylvaniastatecourtshaveawardedanaverageof$2minsuchcasesaccordingtoJuryVerdictResearchasurveyfirm.Somemedicalspecialistshaveseentheirmalpracticeinsurancepremiumsnearlydoubleoverthepastyear.Obstetriciansarenowpayingupto$104000ayeartoprotectthemselves.Theinsuranceindustryislargelytoblame.CarolGolintheMonitor’seditorarguesthatinthe1990sinsurerstriedtograbmarketsharebyofferingartificiallylowratesbettingthatanylosseswouldbecoveredbygainsontheirinvestments.Thestock-marketcorrectioncoupledwiththelargelegalawardshaserodedtheinsurers’reserves.ThreeinPennsylvaniaalonehavegonebust.Afewdoctors--particularlyolderones---willquit.Therestareadapting.Someareabandoninglitigation-proneproceduressuchasdeliveringbabies.Othersaremovingpartsoftheirpracticetoneighboringstateswhereinsuranceratesarelower.SomefromPennsylvaniahaveopenedofficesinNewJersey.Newdoctorsmayalsobedeterredfromsettingupshopinlitigationhavenshoweverprestigious.DespiteaRepublicanpresidenttortreformhasgotnowhereatthefederallevel.IndeeddoctorscouldgetclobberedindirectlybyaPatients’BillofRightswhichwouldfurtherexposemanagedcarecompaniestolawsuits.ThisprospecthasfuelledinterestamongdoctorsinPennsylvania’snewmedicalmalpracticereformbillwhichwassignedintolawonMarch20th.Itwillamongotherthingsgivedoctors$40mofstatefundstooffsettheirinsurancepremiumsspreadthepaymentofawardsoutovertimeandprohibitindividualsfromdouble-dippingthatissuingadoctorfordamagesthathavealreadybeenpaidbytheirhealthinsurer.ButwillitreallyhelpRandallBovbjergahealthpolicyexpertattheUrbanInstitutearguesthattheonlyproperwaytoslowdownthelitigationmachinewouldbetolimitthecompensationforpainandsufferingso-called"non-monetarydamages".Needlesstosayafixedcaponsuchawardsisresistedbymosttriallawyers.ButMrBovbjergreckonsamorenuancedapproachwithaslidingscaleofpaymentsbasedonwell-definedmeasuresofinjuryisabetterwayforward.Inthemeantimedoctorsandinsurersarebracingthemselvesforacouplemoreroughyearsbeforetheinsurancecycleturns.Nobodydisputesthathospitalstaffmakemistakes:a1999InstituteofMedicinereportclaimedthaterrorskillatleast44000patientsayear.Butthereislittleevidencethatmalpracticelawsuitsontheirownwillsolvetheproblem. AtthetimewhenthisarticlewaswrittenthesituationfordoctorsinPhiladelphiaseemedtobe
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