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我国请代《本草纲目抬遗》中记载了药物“鼻冲水”，“贮以玻璃瓶．紧塞其口，勿使泄气，则药力不减，气甚辛烈，触人脑，非有病不可嗅．”“鼻冲水”是指（ ）
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高三上学期化学《》真题及答案
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我国已知最早的药物学专著是
《神农本草经》
《新修本草》
《本草纲目》
《本草纲目拾遗》
《证类本草》
本草纲目拾遗中在药物名鼻冲水条目下写到贮以玻璃瓶紧塞其口勿使漏气则药力不减气甚辛烈触人脑非有病不可嗅
氢氟酸、食盐水
食醋、石灰水
氨水、碘酒
稀硫酸、稀硝酸
我国清代本草纲目拾遗中记载药物鼻冲水写道贮以玻璃瓶紧塞其口勿使泄气则药力不减气甚辛烈触人脑非有病不可
硝酸
氨水
醋
卤水
我国最早的药物专著是
《神农本草经》
《神农本草经集注》
《新修本草》
《本草纲目》
《本草纲目拾遗》
我清代本草纲目拾遗中记载药物鼻冲水写道贮以玻璃瓶紧塞其口勿使泄气则药力不减气甚辛烈触人脑非有病不可
氨水
氢氟酸
醋
稀硫酸
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AnewcollectionofphotosbringsanunsuccessfulAntarcticvoyagebacktolife.FrankHurley'spictureswouldbeoutstanding﹣﹣﹣﹣undoubtedlyfirst﹣ratephoto﹣journalism﹣﹣﹣iftheyhadbeenmadelastweek.Infacttheywereshotfrom1914through1916mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck海难byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival.Manyoftheimageswerestoredinanicechestunderfreezingwaterinthedamagedwoodenship.TheshipwastheEnduranceasmalltightNorwegian﹣builtthree﹣masterthatwasintendedtotakeSirErnestShackletonandasmallcrewofseamenandscientists27meninalltothesouthernmostshoreofAntarctica'sWeddellSea.FromthatpointShackletonwantedtoforceapassagebydogsled雪橇acrossthecontinent.ThejourneywasintendedtoachievemorethanwhatCaptainRobertFalconScotthaddone.CaptainScotthadreachedtheSouthPoleearlyin1912buthaddiedwithhisfourcompanionsonthemarchback.AswriterCarolineAlexandermakesclearinherforcefulandwell﹣researchedstoryTheEnduranceadventuringwaseventhenathoroughlycommercialeffort.Scott'slastjourneycompletedasbelayinatentdyingofcoldandhungercaughttheworld'simaginationandafilmmadeinhishonordrewcrowds.ShackletonaonetimeBritishmerchant﹣navyofficerwhohadgottowithin100milesoftheSouthPolein1908startedabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieandstillphotography.FrankHurleyaconfidentandgiftedAustralianphotographerwhoknewtheAntarcticwashiredtomaketheimagesmostofwhichhaveneverbeforebeenpublished.33.WhatdoweknowaboutthephotostakenbyHurley?A.TheyweremadelastweekB.TheyshowedunderseasceneriesC.TheywerefoundbyacameramanD.Theyrecordedadisastrousadventure34.WhoreachedtheSouthPolefirstaccordingtothetext?A.FrankHurleyB.ErnestShackletonC.RobertFalconScottD.CarolineAlexander35.WhatdoesAlexanderthinkwasthepurposeofthe1914voyage?A.ArtisticcreationB.ScientificresearchC.MoneymakingD.Treasurehunting.
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10分WhenIwasakidMomusedtocookfoodforus.Onenightinparticularafter1spendalongharddayatworkMomplacedaplateofbreadjamand2extremeburnttoastinfrontofmydad.Iwaswaiting3seeifanyonenoticedit.ButwhileeatinghistoastDadjustaskedme4mydaywasatschoo1.Idon'trememberwhatItoldhimthatnight5IdorememberIheardMomapologizingtoDadforburningthetoast.AndI'llneverforgetwhathesaid'HoneyIloveburnttoast.'LaterthatnightI6gotokissDaddygoodnightandaskedhimifhereallylikedhistoastburned.Hegaveme7bighugandsaid'Yourmammaputinalongharddayatworktodayreally8tire.Andbesidesaburnttoastneverhurtsanyonebutcoldwordsdo!'WhatI'velearnedovertheyears9bethatlearningtoaccepteachother'sfaultsisoneofthemostimportant10keytocreatingahealthygrowingandlastingrelationship.
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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加删除或修改. 增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号Λ并在其下面写出该加的词. 删除把多余的词用斜线﹨划掉. 删除在错的词下划一横线并在该词下面写出修改后的词. 注意1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词 2.只允许修改10处多者从第11处起不计分. Thesummerholidayiscoming.MyclassmatesandIaretalkingabouthowtododuringtheholiday.Wecanchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.Ifwestayathomeitiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.Butinthatcasewewilllearnlittleaboutworld.Ifwegoonatripabroadwecanbroadenyouviewandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks.Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby.Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.Itdoesnotcostmanyyetwecanstilllearnalot.
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实验室用氧化锌矿粉主要含ZnOFeCO3CuO等制备碱式碳酸锌[Zn2OH2CO3]并将其用于合成氨工艺脱硫研究． 1“酸浸”时保持H2SO4过量的目的是． 2已知Mn2+开始沉淀的pH＝8.1． ①写出加入KMnO4溶液除铁的离子方程式． ②流程中调节pH＝5.4所加试剂X为填化学式试剂XKMnO4溶液加入顺序能否互换请判断并说明理由． 3上述流程中的“滤液”可以用作化肥该滤液的主要成分为填化学式． 4合成氨原料气脱硫原理如图碱式碳酸锌吸收硫化氢的化学方程式为．
10分Therelationshipbetweenexerciseandcancerhaslongbothintriguedandpuzzledoncologistsandexercisephysiologists.Exerciseisstronglyassociatedwithloweredrisksformanytypesofcancer.Atthesametimeexerciseinvolvesbiologicalstresswhichtypicallyleadstoashort﹣termincreaseininflammation发炎whichcancontributetohigherrisksformanycancers.Nowanewstudyinmicemayoffersomecluesintotheexercise﹣cancerparadox.Itsuggeststhatexercisemaychangehowtheimmunesystemdealswithcancerbyboostingadrenaline肾上腺素certainimmunecellsandotherchemicalsthattogethercanreducetheseverityofcancerorfightitoffaltogether.TotrytobetterunderstandhowexercisecanbothelevateinflammationandsimultaneouslyprotectthebodyagainstcancerscientistsattheUniversityofCopenhageninDenmarkandotherinstitutionsdecidedtocloselyexaminewhathappensinsidemiceathighriskforthedisease.Soforthenewstudytheybeganbygatheringagroupofadultlabmice.Theseanimalsgenerallyliketorun.Thescientiststhenimplantedmelanoma黑素瘤skincancercellsintothemicebeforeprovidinghalfofthemwithrunningwheelsintheircageswhiletheotheranimalsremainedsedentary.Afterfourweeksfarfeweroftherunnershaddevelopedfull﹣blownmelanomathanthesedentarymiceandthosethathadbeendiagnosedwiththediseaseshowedfewerandsmallerlesions.Theydrewbloodfromboththeexercisingandsedentaryanimalsandcellsfromanytumorsinbothgroups.Asexpectedtheyfoundmuchhigherlevelsofthehormoneadrenalineinthebloodoftheexercisinganimalsespeciallyrightaftertheyhadbeenworkingoutonthewheelsbutalsoatothertimesoftheday.Thebodyreleasesadrenalineinresponsetoalmostanytypeofstressfulexperienceincludingexercise.Theyalsofoundhigherlevelsofinterleukin﹣6inthebloodoftherunners.Thisisasubstancethatisreleasedbyworkingmusclesandisbelievedtobothincreaseanddecreaseinflammationinthebodydependingonwhereandhowitgoestowork.Perhapsmostimportanttheyfoundmuchhighernumbersinthebloodstreamsofrunnersthaninthesedentarymiceofatypeofimmunecellnamednaturalkillercellsthatareknowntobestrongcancerfighters.Sothescientistsrepeatedtheiroriginalexperimentmultipletimesinducingcancerwhileallowingsomemicetorunandotherstosit.Insomeofthesefollow﹣upexperimentsthescientistsinjectedtherunnerswithasubstancethatblockedtheproductionofadrenalineandgavesedentaryanimalslargedosesofaddedadrenaline.Whattheynowfoundwasthatwhenrunningmicecouldnotproduceadrenalinetheydevelopedcanceratthesamerateasthesedentaryanimalswhilethesedentaryanimalsthathadbeeninjectedwithextraadrenalinefoughtofftheirtumorsbetterthanothersittingmice.Moreremarkablythescientistsdeterminedthatadrenalineseemedtobesendingbiochemicalsignalstosomeoftheanimals'IL﹣6cellsmakingthemphysiologicallymorealertsothatwhenatumorbegantodevelopintheaffectedanimalthoseIL﹣6cellsinturnactivatedthenaturalkillercellsinthebloodstreamandactuallydirectedthemtothetumorslikeminuteguidefish.Withtheseresults'weshowthatvoluntarywheelrunninginmicecanreducethegrowthoftumorsandwehaveidentifiedanexercise﹣dependentmobilizationofnaturalkillercellsastheunderlyingcauseofthisprotection'saidPernilleHojmanaresearcherattheUniversityofCopenhagenwhooversawthenewstudy.Itperhapsprovidesonemoreincentiveforustogetupandmove.1TherelationshipbetweenexerciseandcancerhaslongpuzzledoncologistsandexercisephysiologistsbecauseA.exerciseisstronglyassociatedwithloweredrisksformanytypesofcancer.B.exercisecanbothelevateinflammationwhichcancontributetohigherrisksformanycancersandmeanwhileprotectthebodyagainstcancer.C.exercisemaychangecanreducetheseverityofcancerorfightitoffaltogether.D.exercisecanleadtoashort﹣termincreaseininflammationwhichcancontributetoelevatedrisksformanycancers.2Inthefirstexperimentwhichoneisthemostimportantresultthescientistsfound?A.naturalkillercellsaremuchmoreinthebloodstreamsofrunnersthaninthesedentarymice.B.levelsofinterleukin﹣6arehigherinthebloodoftherunnersthaninthesedentarymice.C.exercisesuchasrunningseemedtohelpthemicefightagainstthecancer.D.adrenalinecanreducetheseverityofcancerorfightitoff.3Whatdoestheunderlinedword'sedentary'mean?A.runB.moveC.sitD.sleep4Inthefollow﹣upexperimentsthescientistsfound?A.thehormoneadrenalinehasmuchhigherlevelsinthebloodoftheexercisinganimals.B.howtheseelementsintherunners﹣theirincreasedadrenalineIL﹣6andnaturalkillerimmunecellsfightagainsttumor.C.interleukin﹣6canbothincreaseanddecreaseinflammationinthebodydependingonwhereandhowitgoestowork.D.whathappensinsidemiceathighriskforthedisease.5Accordingtothestudywecaninferthefundamentalsubstancetofightthecanceroffis.A.adrenalineB.interleukin﹣6C.naturalkillercellsD.genes
下列各装置能够达到相应实验目的是
某药物中间体X其结构如图所示．下列说法正确的是
10分Whetheryou'reachildteenageryoungadultoraremiddle﹣agedrespectforyourparentsisanimportantvalue.Yourparentsarethepeoplewhoraisedyoudevotingtimeenergyandmoneytoyourdevelopment.1Nomatteryouragethereare5waystoshowrespect.●Respecttheirbelongings.Oneimportantwaytoshowrespectistoshowregardforthethingsimportanttoyourparents.Foryoungerchildrenthismaymeannottouchingjewelryorothervaluablethings.Forgrownchildrenrespectmaymeanreturningaborrowedtoolingoodconditionandontime.Lackofrespectforaparent'sbelongingsisaviolationofpersonalboundaries.2Andneverborrowthingswithoutaskingfirst.●Punctuality.3Thereforealwaysbeontime.Forteenagersshowingupontimemeanscominghomebycurfew宵禁.Adultchildrenshouldshowupontimeforfamilydinnersoreventsortopickaparentupforamedicalappointment.Callifyou'regoingtobelatebecauseparentsworryaboutchildrennomattertheirage.●4Rememberingbirthdaysanniversariesandotherspecialdaysisasignthatyouhonoryourparents.Makeplanstotakethemtolunchordinnerorbakeacakeorcookies.Mostparentsdon'texpectexpensivegiftsbutahandmadegiftisalwaysappreciated.Aphonecallfromagrownchildwholivestoofarforavisitisawelcomesignofrespect.●Bekind.Kindwordsandaffectionaresimplewaystoshowrespect.Tellyourparentsyoulovethem.Listenandallowyourparentstospeakwithoutinterruption.Showasincereinterestinwhatyourparentshavetosay.Bepatientwithyourparentsanddon'trushthem.Nevertalkbackorberudeordisrespectful.Acknowledgeyourparents'achievements.5A.Beagoodlistener.B.Celebratewiththem.C.Latenessindicatesalackofrespect.D.Treatyourparentsthewayyouwouldliketobetreated.E.Andtheyloveyouunconditionallythroughoutyourlife.F.Beingrespectfulhelpsbuildpositiverelationshipswithothers.G.Don'ttakeadvantageofyourparents'kindnessandgenerosity.
Focusingontheunfairnessofcircumstanceskeepsyoucomparingyourselveswithothers_____appreciatingyourownspecialuniqueness. A.ratherthan B.morethan C.betterthan D.otherthan
Mostofemployersareplanningtocutdownonwagesinsteadoflayingoffemployees______theeconomicdepression. A.indefenseof B.withregardto C.onbehalfof D.inresponseto
﹣﹣﹣CanIreallygetanapple6plusasarewardifIwinthecompetition? ﹣﹣﹣Absolutely!________. A.Sowillyou B.Italldepends C.Imeanit D.That'sallright
钴及其化合物广泛应用于磁性材料电池材料及超硬材料等领域． 1CoxNi1﹣xFe2O4其中CoNi均为+2可用作H2O2分解的催化剂具有较高的活性． ①该催化剂中铁元素的化合价为． ②图1表示两种不同方法制得的催化剂CoxNi1﹣xFe2O4在10℃时催化分解6%的H2O2溶液的相对初始速率随x变化曲线．由图中信息可知法制取得到的催化剂活性更高Co2+Ni2+两种离子中催化效果更好的是． 2草酸钴是制备钴的氧化物的重要原料．下图2为二水合草酸钴CoC2O4•2H2O在空气中受热的质量变化曲线曲线中300℃及以上所得固体均为钴氧化物． ①通过计算确定C点剩余固体的化学成分为填化学式．试写出B点对应的物质与O2在225℃～300℃发生反应的化学方程式． ②取一定质量的二水合草酸钴分解后的钴氧化物其中Co的化合价为+2+3用480mL5mol/L盐酸恰好完全溶解固体得到CoCl2溶液和4.48L标准状况黄绿色气体．试确定该钴氧化物中CoO的物质的量之比．
8分2015WasaWarmWildYear.What'sNext?2015sawthingsheatupandgetoutofhandandnotjustinpolitics.ArecordwarmDecemberraisedaveragetemperaturesenoughtomake2015thesecondhottestyearonrecordinthecontiguousUnitedStatesaccordingtotheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration'sNationalClimateMonitoringAnnualReportwhichwasreleasedThursday.TheUnitedNationshadpreviouslyreportedthat2015wasshapinguptobethewarmestyearonrecordforthewholeplanet.LastyearwasalsothethirdwettestonrecordintheU.S.andsawtenweather﹣orclimate﹣relateddisastersthateachcausedatleast﹩1billionindamageintheU.S.andkilledatotalof155people.Theseincludeadroughttwofloodsfiveseverestormsawildfireandawinterstorm.TheaverageU.S.temperaturewas54.4°F2.4°Fabovethe20thcenturyaverageandsecondonlyto2012'srecordwarmth.Thiswasalsothe19thconsecutiveyearwithaveragetemperaturesabovetheaverageforthecentury.Everystatereportedabove﹣averageannualtemperatures.ThewarmingwasparticularlypronouncedacrossmostoftheeasternhalfofthecountryinDecemberwhenmanyplacessawtemperatures30degreesabovenormalandmanyrecordswereset.ThismirroredchangesseenintheArcticthatmonthwhentemperaturesspikedto50degreesabovenormal.PartofthiswarmingwasdrivenbyastrongElNiñoorperiodicwarminginthePacificOceanbutsomeofitcanalsobeattributedtoglobalwarmingsaysmeteorologistEricHolthauswhowasnotinvolvedwiththefederalreport.TheanalysiscomeslessthanamonthaftertheU.S.and194othercountriessignedanagreementinParistomoreaggressivelycountertheeffectsofclimatechange.'EvenifalltheinitialtargetsinParisaremetwe'llonlybepartofthewaytherewhenitcomestoreducingcarbonfromtheatmosphere'saidPresidentBarackObamaatthetime.Stilltheagreementrepresented'aturningpoint'bysettingup'thearchitecture'fordoingsohesaid.NOAA'sclimatemonitoringcenterdoesn'tissuepredictionsforfutureweatherbuttheagency'sClimatePredictionCenterdoes.Thatteam'sforecastforthenextthreemonthscallsforwarmer﹣than﹣averagetemperaturesinmuchofthecountryalthoughpartsofTexasandtheSoutheastmaybealittlecoolerthanusual.AsLancasterUniversityProfessorGailWhitemantoldtheWeatherChannel'climatechangemeansextremeweatheristhenewnormal.'1AccordingtothepassagethewarmestyearintheU.S.isA.2014B.2015C.notmentionedD.20122Accordingtothepassagewhichstatementisright?A.2015wasthethirdwettestyearonrecordinthewholeplanet.B.Tenweather﹣orclimate﹣relateddisastersintheU.S.includeadroughttwofloodsfourseverestormstwowildfiresandawinterstorm.C.The20thcenturyaveragetemperatureintheU.S.was52°F.D.ThewarmingwaspronouncedacrossmostofthewesternhalfofthecountryinDecember.3TheagreementtheUS.and194countriessignedaimedtoA.reducecarbonfromtheatmosphereB.countereffectsofclimatechange.C.setupthearchitectureD.findartificialwaystocooldowntheextremeweather4WhatdoesProfessorGailWhitemanmeaninthefuture?A.Extremeweatherwillbecommoninthefuture.B.Climatechangewillbenormal.C.Extremeweatherwillbenormalifwedon'ttakemeasures.D.Climatechangeleadtoextremeweather.
Lifeislikeawindingpathsurroundedbyflowersbutterfliesanddeliciousfruits______manyofusspendmuchtimelookingforhappinessaroundthenextcorner A.therefore B.though C.moreover D.otherwise
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