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从供选择的答案中选出应填入下列叙述中( )内的正确答案： SQL是一种(A) 语言，集(B) 功能于一体，SQL查询语句的一种典型句型是： SELECTX1,X2,．．，，Xn FROMA1,...
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中级数据库系统工程师《填空》真题及答案
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OneoftheguidelinesinwritingtheCcodeforasoftwaretoolisasfollows:writecodethatisasclearandassimplea76.TheClanguagecanbedifficulttoreadifyoucombineall77featuresinasinglestatement.Breakcomplicated78intoseveraleasytounderstandstatementsforthe79ofreadability.Thisstylehelpstomakeyourprogramsmore80anderror-free. 79
在软件项目管理中可以使用各种图形工具来辅助决策下面对Gantt图的描述中不正确的是
ApplicationdevelopmentincreasinglymeansWindowsdevelopmentandthepopularityofvisualdevelopmenttoolshas95intandemwithWindowsitself.Thesetoolscreatebeautifulwindowing96andtheirfastdevelopmentcyclesandeasylearningcurvesmakethemagood97formanytypesofPCdevelopmentprojects.Today’sdevelopersareleveragingthesetoolsandtheabundanceofheappowerfulPCstoshiftthebalanceofpowertothedesktop. AstheworldmovesinexorablytowardWindowsandother98userinterfacesdeveloperscanchoosefromanabundanceof99orientedtools.PopularexamplesincludeMicrosoftCorp.’sVisualBasicPowersoftCorp.’sPowerBuilderGuptaTechnologyCorp.’sSQLWindowsandsoon. 97
Thegrowthofswitchinghas135anewgenerationofnetworkmanagementtoolsthathelp136copewiththechallenges137themtocorrelatedevicealarmsinorderto138pinpointrootcausesortomonitorservicelevelswithoutdependingonIPsubnetschemes.Thesenewtoolshavebecomeessentialtocopingwiththeprimary139effectofanytreatmentthatsignificantlyincreasesnetworkflexibility:addedcomplexity. 138
ApplicationdevelopmentincreasinglymeansWindowsdevelopmentandthepopularityofvisualdevelopmenttoolshas95intandemwithWindowsitself.Thesetoolscreatebeautifulwindowing96andtheirfastdevelopmentcyclesandeasylearningcurvesmakethemagood97formanytypesofPCdevelopmentprojects.Today’sdevelopersareleveragingthesetoolsandtheabundanceofheappowerfulPCstoshiftthebalanceofpowertothedesktop. AstheworldmovesinexorablytowardWindowsandother98userinterfacesdeveloperscanchoosefromanabundanceof99orientedtools.PopularexamplesincludeMicrosoftCorp.’sVisualBasicPowersoftCorp.’sPowerBuilderGuptaTechnologyCorp.’sSQLWindowsandsoon. 99
OriginallyintroducedbyNetscapeCommunications21areageneralmechanismwhichHTTPServersideapplicationssuchasCGI22canusetobothstoreandretrieveinformationontheHTTP23sideoftheconnection.BasicallyCookiescanbeusedtocompensateforthe24natureofHTTP.Theadditionofasimplepersistentclient-sidestatesignificantlyextendsthecapabilitiesofWWW-based25. 21
In85softwareonequestionofnear-universalinterestishowrapidlyWindowsNTwhichbeganshippinglastsummerwillbe86inthemarketplaceandforwhatuses.Forthemostpartobserversare87abouttheoperatingsystem’slongtermprospectsbutexpectittoremainon88ratherthandesktopsduring1994sayingthatitwon’tbecomeamainstreamproductuntil89PCstypicallyhave16to24MBofRAMwhichisunlikelytohappennextyear. 85是
OriginallyintroducedbyNetscapeCommunications21areageneralmechanismwhichHTTPServersideapplicationssuchasCGI22canusetobothstoreandretrieveinformationontheHTTP23sideoftheconnection.BasicallyCookiescanbeusedtocompensateforthe24natureofHTTP.Theadditionofasimplepersistentclient-sidestatesignificantlyextendsthecapabilitiesofWWW-based25. 25
在软件开发过程中常用图作为描述工具如DFD就是面向50分析方法的描述工具在一套分层DFD中如果某一张图中有N个加工process则这张图允许有51张子图在一张DFD图中任意两个加工之间52在画分层DFD时应注意保持53之间的平衡 53
TheRationalUnifiedProcessRUPisasoftwareengineeringprocesswhichcapturesmanyofbestpracticesinmodemsoftwaredevelopment.Thenotionsof36andscenarioshavebeenproventobeanexcellentwaytocapturefunctionrequirements.RUPcanbedescribedintwodimensions-timeandcontent.Inthetimedimensionthesoftwarelifecycleisbrokenintocycles.Eachcycleisdividedintofourconsecutive37whichisconcludedwithawell-defined38andcanbefurtherbrokendowninto39-acompletedevelopmentloopresultinginareleaseofanexecutableproductasubsetofthefinalproductunderdevelopmentwhichgrowsincrementallytobecomethefinalsystem.Thecontentstructurereferstothedisciplineswhichgroup40logicallybynature. 37
OriginallyintroducedbyNetscapeCommunications21areageneralmechanismwhichHTTPServersideapplicationssuchasCGI22canusetobothstoreandretrieveinformationontheHTTP23sideoftheconnection.BasicallyCookiescanbeusedtocompensateforthe24natureofHTTP.Theadditionofasimplepersistentclient-sidestatesignificantlyextendsthecapabilitiesofWWW-based25. 23
100whethertogowithasharedorswitchedfastLANtechnologyonceyoustarttomaxoutyoursharedEthernetoftoken-ringLANistoughcall.Usersandanalystsinvolvedin101high-speedLANshavelearnedthebenefitsofeach.Howevertherearetrade-offstoeachand102whichfastLANtechnologytochooseiscriticalfor103networkperformanceproblemsand104costlypurchasingmistakes. 102
Withthewidespreaduseofthepersonalcomputermanyauthoritiesinthefieldof56havepointedouttheneedforcomputerliteracy. Unfortunatelythereisno57agreementastowhattheterm"computerliteracy"means.Somefeelthatcomputerliteracymeansknowinghowtomakethecomputer"compute";thatisknowinghowtoprogramcomputersinoneormoreprogramminglanguages. Othersfeelthatknowinghowtoprogramismerelyasmallsegmentofcomputerliteracy.Thesepeople58themajoremphasisinschoolsshouldbeonteachinghowtoeffectivelyusethemanysoftwarepackagesthatareavailable. Stillotherssuggestthatcomputerliteracyeducationisnotrequired.Theysuggestthatcomputersarebeingsorapidlyintegratedintooursocietythatusingacomputerwillbeas59asusingatelephoneoravideotaperecorderandthatspecialeducationwillnotbenecessary.60ofone’sdefinitionofcomputerliteracyitisrecognizedbymostthatlearningtouseacomputerisindeedanimportantskillinmodernsociety. 58
Withthewidespreaduseofthepersonalcomputermanyauthoritiesinthefieldof56havepointedouttheneedforcomputerliteracy. Unfortunatelythereisno57agreementastowhattheterm"computerliteracy"means.Somefeelthatcomputerliteracymeansknowinghowtomakethecomputer"compute";thatisknowinghowtoprogramcomputersinoneormoreprogramminglanguages. Othersfeelthatknowinghowtoprogramismerelyasmallsegmentofcomputerliteracy.Thesepeople58themajoremphasisinschoolsshouldbeonteachinghowtoeffectivelyusethemanysoftwarepackagesthatareavailable. Stillotherssuggestthatcomputerliteracyeducationisnotrequired.Theysuggestthatcomputersarebeingsorapidlyintegratedintooursocietythatusingacomputerwillbeas59asusingatelephoneoravideotaperecorderandthatspecialeducationwillnotbenecessary.60ofone’sdefinitionofcomputerliteracyitisrecognizedbymostthatlearningtouseacomputerisindeedanimportantskillinmodernsociety. 56
在软件开发过程中常用图作为描述工具如DFD就是面向50分析方法的描述工具在一套分层DFD中如果某一张图中有N个加工process则这张图允许有51张子图在一张DFD图中任意两个加工之间52在画分层DFD时应注意保持53之间的平衡 51
100whethertogowithasharedorswitchedfastLANtechnologyonceyoustarttomaxoutyoursharedEthernetoftoken-ringLANistoughcall.Usersandanalystsinvolvedin101high-speedLANshavelearnedthebenefitsofeach.Howevertherearetrade-offstoeachand102whichfastLANtechnologytochooseiscriticalfor103networkperformanceproblemsand104costlypurchasingmistakes. 100
100whethertogowithasharedorswitchedfastLANtechnologyonceyoustarttomaxoutyoursharedEthernetoftoken-ringLANistoughcall.Usersandanalystsinvolvedin101high-speedLANshavelearnedthebenefitsofeach.Howevertherearetrade-offstoeachand102whichfastLANtechnologytochooseiscriticalfor103networkperformanceproblemsand104costlypurchasingmistakes. 104
在用白箱法设计测试用例时常用的5种覆盖标准是语句覆盖判定覆盖条件覆盖判定/条件覆盖多重条件组合覆盖 假设A和B是两种覆盖标准我们用AB表示A包含B用AB表示B包含A用A≡B表示A与B相同用A≠B表示A和B互不包含于是上述5种覆盖标准之间的某些关系可表示为 语句覆盖37判定覆盖 语句覆盖38条件覆盖 判定覆盖39条件覆盖 判定覆盖40判定/条件覆盖 判定/条件覆盖41多重条件组合覆盖 41
在用白箱法设计测试用例时常用的5种覆盖标准是语句覆盖判定覆盖条件覆盖判定/条件覆盖多重条件组合覆盖 假设A和B是两种覆盖标准我们用AB表示A包含B用AB表示B包含A用A≡B表示A与B相同用A≠B表示A和B互不包含于是上述5种覆盖标准之间的某些关系可表示为 语句覆盖37判定覆盖 语句覆盖38条件覆盖 判定覆盖39条件覆盖 判定覆盖40判定/条件覆盖 判定/条件覆盖41多重条件组合覆盖 39
OneoftheguidelinesinwritingtheCcodeforasoftwaretoolisasfollows:writecodethatisasclearandassimplea76.TheClanguagecanbedifficulttoreadifyoucombineall77featuresinasinglestatement.Breakcomplicated78intoseveraleasytounderstandstatementsforthe79ofreadability.Thisstylehelpstomakeyourprogramsmore80anderror-free. 77
In85softwareonequestionofnear-universalinterestishowrapidlyWindowsNTwhichbeganshippinglastsummerwillbe86inthemarketplaceandforwhatuses.Forthemostpartobserversare87abouttheoperatingsystem’slongtermprospectsbutexpectittoremainon88ratherthandesktopsduring1994sayingthatitwon’tbecomeamainstreamproductuntil89PCstypicallyhave16to24MBofRAMwhichisunlikelytohappennextyear. 87是
ApplicationdevelopmentincreasinglymeansWindowsdevelopmentandthepopularityofvisualdevelopmenttoolshas95intandemwithWindowsitself.Thesetoolscreatebeautifulwindowing96andtheirfastdevelopmentcyclesandeasylearningcurvesmakethemagood97formanytypesofPCdevelopmentprojects.Today’sdevelopersareleveragingthesetoolsandtheabundanceofheappowerfulPCstoshiftthebalanceofpowertothedesktop. AstheworldmovesinexorablytowardWindowsandother98userinterfacesdeveloperscanchoosefromanabundanceof99orientedtools.PopularexamplesincludeMicrosoftCorp.’sVisualBasicPowersoftCorp.’sPowerBuilderGuptaTechnologyCorp.’sSQLWindowsandsoon. 95
Thepurposeoftherequirementsdefinitionphaseistoproduceaclearcompleteconsistentandtestable6ofthetechnicalrequirementsforthesoftwareproduct. Duringtherequirementsdefinitionphasetherequirementsdefinitionteamusesaniterativeprocesstoexpandabroadstatementofthesystemrequirementsintoacompleteanddetailedspecificationofeachfunctionthatthesoftwaremustperformandeach7thatitmustmeet.Thestartingpointisusuallyasetofhigh-levelrequirementsfromthe8thatdescribetheprojectorproblem. Ineithercasetherequirementsdefinitionteamformulatesanoverallconceptforthesystemandthendefines9showinghowthesystemwillbeoperatedpublishesthesystemandoperationsconceptdocumentandconductsasystemconceptreviewSCR. FollowingtheSCRtheteamderives10requirementsforthesystemfromthehighlevelrequirementsandthesystemandoperationsconcept.Usingstructuredorobject-orientedanalysistheteamspecifiesthesoftwarefunctionsandalgorithmsneededtosatisfyeachdetailedrequirement. 7
在测试用例设计中有语句覆盖条件覆盖判定覆盖即分支覆盖路径覆盖等其中43是最强的覆盖准则为了对如图9-2所示的程序段进行覆盖测试必须适当地选取测试数据组若xy是两个变量可供选择的测试数据组共有ⅠⅡⅢⅣ四组如表9-3所示则实现判定覆盖至少应采用的测试数据组是44实现条件覆盖至少应采用的测试数据组是45实现路径覆盖至少应采用的测试数据组是46或47 表9-3测试数据组 z y 测试数据组Ⅰ 0 3 测试数据组Ⅱ 1 2 测试数据组Ⅲ -1 2 测试数据组Ⅳ 3 1 45
TheRationalUnifiedProcessRUPisasoftwareengineeringprocesswhichcapturesmanyofbestpracticesinmodemsoftwaredevelopment.Thenotionsof36andscenarioshavebeenproventobeanexcellentwaytocapturefunctionrequirements.RUPcanbedescribedintwodimensions-timeandcontent.Inthetimedimensionthesoftwarelifecycleisbrokenintocycles.Eachcycleisdividedintofourconsecutive37whichisconcludedwithawell-defined38andcanbefurtherbrokendowninto39-acompletedevelopmentloopresultinginareleaseofanexecutableproductasubsetofthefinalproductunderdevelopmentwhichgrowsincrementallytobecomethefinalsystem.Thecontentstructurereferstothedisciplineswhichgroup40logicallybynature. 39
Thepurposeoftherequirementsdefinitionphaseistoproduceaclearcompleteconsistentandtestable6ofthetechnicalrequirementsforthesoftwareproduct. Duringtherequirementsdefinitionphasetherequirementsdefinitionteamusesaniterativeprocesstoexpandabroadstatementofthesystemrequirementsintoacompleteanddetailedspecificationofeachfunctionthatthesoftwaremustperformandeach7thatitmustmeet.Thestartingpointisusuallyasetofhigh-levelrequirementsfromthe8thatdescribetheprojectorproblem. Ineithercasetherequirementsdefinitionteamformulatesanoverallconceptforthesystemandthendefines9showinghowthesystemwillbeoperatedpublishesthesystemandoperationsconceptdocumentandconductsasystemconceptreviewSCR. FollowingtheSCRtheteamderives10requirementsforthesystemfromthehighlevelrequirementsandthesystemandoperationsconcept.Usingstructuredorobject-orientedanalysistheteamspecifiesthesoftwarefunctionsandalgorithmsneededtosatisfyeachdetailedrequirement. 9
在测试用例设计中有语句覆盖条件覆盖判定覆盖即分支覆盖路径覆盖等其中43是最强的覆盖准则为了对如图9-2所示的程序段进行覆盖测试必须适当地选取测试数据组若xy是两个变量可供选择的测试数据组共有ⅠⅡⅢⅣ四组如表9-3所示则实现判定覆盖至少应采用的测试数据组是44实现条件覆盖至少应采用的测试数据组是45实现路径覆盖至少应采用的测试数据组是46或47 表9-3测试数据组 z y 测试数据组Ⅰ 0 3 测试数据组Ⅱ 1 2 测试数据组Ⅲ -1 2 测试数据组Ⅳ 3 1 43
在测试用例设计中有语句覆盖条件覆盖判定覆盖即分支覆盖路径覆盖等其中43是最强的覆盖准则为了对如图9-2所示的程序段进行覆盖测试必须适当地选取测试数据组若xy是两个变量可供选择的测试数据组共有ⅠⅡⅢⅣ四组如表9-3所示则实现判定覆盖至少应采用的测试数据组是44实现条件覆盖至少应采用的测试数据组是45实现路径覆盖至少应采用的测试数据组是46或47 表9-3测试数据组 z y 测试数据组Ⅰ 0 3 测试数据组Ⅱ 1 2 测试数据组Ⅲ -1 2 测试数据组Ⅳ 3 1 47
Thegrowthofswitchinghas135anewgenerationofnetworkmanagementtoolsthathelp136copewiththechallenges137themtocorrelatedevicealarmsinorderto138pinpointrootcausesortomonitorservicelevelswithoutdependingonIPsubnetschemes.Thesenewtoolshavebecomeessentialtocopingwiththeprimary139effectofanytreatmentthatsignificantlyincreasesnetworkflexibility:addedcomplexity. 136
Withthewidespreaduseofthepersonalcomputermanyauthoritiesinthefieldof56havepointedouttheneedforcomputerliteracy. Unfortunatelythereisno57agreementastowhattheterm"computerliteracy"means.Somefeelthatcomputerliteracymeansknowinghowtomakethecomputer"compute";thatisknowinghowtoprogramcomputersinoneormoreprogramminglanguages. Othersfeelthatknowinghowtoprogramismerelyasmallsegmentofcomputerliteracy.Thesepeople58themajoremphasisinschoolsshouldbeonteachinghowtoeffectivelyusethemanysoftwarepackagesthatareavailable. Stillotherssuggestthatcomputerliteracyeducationisnotrequired.Theysuggestthatcomputersarebeingsorapidlyintegratedintooursocietythatusingacomputerwillbeas59asusingatelephoneoravideotaperecorderandthatspecialeducationwillnotbenecessary.60ofone’sdefinitionofcomputerliteracyitisrecognizedbymostthatlearningtouseacomputerisindeedanimportantskillinmodernsociety. 60
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