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blows out the exhaust gases supplies oxygen for combustion cools the valves and cylinder walls all of the above
exhaust manifold valve bridge pressure of the fresh air charge valve adjusting gear
smoky a little bit dense visible almost invisible
（1） only （2） only both （1） and （2） neither （1） nor （2）
discharge exhaust gases and smoke furnish energy to the turbocharger reduce engine room noise all of the above
provide exhaust back pressure prevent exhaust smoke emissions power a reciprocating supercharger muffle exhaust gas noise
scavenging forced draft turbo-charging aspiration
During operation at low speed During operation at rated speed, but low power output During acceleration All of the above
increasing the linear velocity of the exhaust gases changing directions of exhaust gas flow decreasing the temperature of the exhaust gases accelerating the exhaust gas through a reduced size orifice
a modern diesel engine, a turbine wheel a modem diesel engine, exhaust gases a compressor, an exhaust gas turbocharger a compressor, a turbine wheel
increased engine back pressure sulfuric acid corrosion surface pitting of the turbocharger moisture impingement on the turbocharger compressor blade
Gas exchange Charging Scavenging Supercharging
temperature of the exhaust gases energy supplied to the turbocharger air pressure to the intake manifold purge of exhausted gases from the cylinders
air cooler economizer injector air blower
the suction the compression the removal the deliver
reduce heat radiation to the engine room aid in preventing turbocharger overheating condense and drain moisture from exhaust gases dampen exhaust gas pulsations in the manifold
injecting fuel oil into a cylinder removing exhaust gases from the cylinder forcing air into the cylinders under pressure after the exhaust valve has dosed a combination of all the above
charging supercharging starting scavenging
downwards/upwards upwards/downwards downwards/downwards upwards/upwards
improve fuel flow volume cool the exhaust valves reduce the intake air charge density increase the temperature of exhaust gases
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