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Crankshaft revolution Type of engine (diesel or gasoline) Distance a piston travels during a stroke Number of pistons
Pressure and temperature decrease Pressure and temperature increase Pressure decreases and temperature increases Pressure increases and temperature decreases
rapid reduction of ship ’s friction force shaft system over mechanical load sharp growth of the torque of diesel engine propeller torque change along J= 0 curve
increasing the quantity of starting air increasing the lube oil pressure heating the engine fuel supply heating the engine coolant
During operation at low speed During operation at rated speed, but low power output During acceleration All of the above
Intake stroke Compression stroke Exhaust stroke Pumping stroke
The coolant temperature must be maintained at 180 ℃ The thermostatic bypass valves must be manually opened before the engine is started The pressure cap must be removed while the engine is secured Electrical power to the heater must be secured before the cooling system is drained
piston skirt pinion crosshead compression rings
most critical in a four-stroke cycle diesel engine most critical in a two-stroke/cycle diesel engine most critical in a four-stroke/cycle diesel engine if it is turbocharged of equal importance in a two-stroke/cycle diesel engine as in a four-stroke/cyclediesel engine
the water produced during combustion the sulfur in the fuel unburned fuel oil all of the above
quantity of air it takes in and retains in the cylinders during a given time period proportion of trapped air that is utilized in the combustion process thermodynamic efficiency of the engine cycle all of the above
crankshaft revolution mechanical cycle of operation period of two combustion cycles cycle of two events
Hydraulic starting Electric starting Ignition Fuel
Flywheel inertia Admission of starting air The way of the vessel securing of fuel to the cylinders
increasing the quantity of starting air increasing the lube oil pressure heating the engine fuel supply heating the engine jacket water
intake stroke exhaust stroke power stroke compression stroke
at TDC before TDC after TDC during air starting
compression stroke suction stroke expansion stroke exhaust stroke
free entry of air to the crankcase water entering the crankcase while engine wash-downs are being performed excessive oil leakage during periods of increased blow-by sub-cooling internal components
notify the duty officer, reduce the engine speed, take some measures to remove failures notify the duty officer and stop the engine immediately, find the cause and removefailures notify the C/E notify the captain
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