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Text 4 Picture-taking is a technique both for reflecting the objective world and for expressing...
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在横线上填上运算符号或括号使等式成立．4444=144+44=24444=34444=4．
化简下列各式﹣﹣4=+﹣4=﹣|﹣4|=+|﹣4|=．
推理填空如图EF∥AD∠1＝∠2∠BAC＝80°．求∠AGD． 解∵EF∥AD ∴∠2＝ ∵
有一个VBA计算程序的功能如下该程序用户界面由4个文本框和3个按钮组成4个文本框的名称分别为Text
4.04从右边起第一个4在位上表示4个第二个4在位上表示4个它比4.004．
上面计数器上的数位最高位是位左边的4表示4个中间的4表示4个右边的4表示4个．
0.424中最左边的4表示4个0.1最右边的4表示4个0.01．．判断对错
例4在下面添上运算符号和小括号组成3个不同的等式使得数都是2．4444=24444=24444=2
下列等式成立的是
-|-4|-|4|=0
-4-4=0
|-4|-|4|=0
-4-|-4|=0
24.04是位小数左边的4在位上表示4个右边的4在位上表示4个．
5.00分在4.04中左边的4在位它表示右边的4在位它表示左边的4是右边的4的倍．
下列式子可以用=连接的是
5+4
12-5
7+（-4）
7-（+4）
2+4（-2）
-12
2（3-4）
23-4
有一组数据44346410这组数据的平均数是中位数是众数是．
有一个VBA计算程序的功能如下该程序用户界面由4个文本框和3个按钮组成4个文本框的名称分别为Text
4是5的%4比5少%5比4多%．
在4.04中左边的4在位它表示右边的4在位它表示左边的4是右边的4的倍．
巧填+﹣×÷使等式成立．4444=14444=54444=24444=9．
找规律在横线上填入适当的数.145494134．
一个比的后项是4比值是4前项是假如这个比的前项是4比值是4后项是．
巧填+﹣×÷使等式成立．4444=14444=54444=24444=94444=34444=15．
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Text4 TheU.S.SupremeCourt’sdecisionMondaytoletstandarulinginanonlinedefamationcasewillmakeitmoredifficulttodeterminecorrectlegaljurisdictionsinotherInternetcaseslegalexpertssaid. Byoptingnottotakethecasethehighcourteffectivelyendorsedalowercourt’sdecisionthataColoradocompanythatpostsratingsofhealthplansontheInternetcouldbesuedfordefamationinaWashingtoncourt.ThelowercourtrulingisoneofseveralthatmakesiteasierforplaintiffstosueWebsiteoperatorsintheirownjurisdictionsratherthanwheretheoperatorsmaintainaphysicalpresence. ThecaseinvolvedadefamationsuitfiledbyChehalisWash.-basedNorthwestHealthcareAllianceagainstLakewoodColo.basedHealthgrades.com.TheAlliancesuedinWashingtonfederalcourtafterHealthgrades.compostedanegativerankingofNorthwestHealtheareshomehealthservicesontheInternet.Healthgrades.cornarguedthatitshouldnotbesubjecttothejurisdictionofacourtinWashingtonbecauseitspublishingoperationisinColorado. ObserverssaidthefactthattheSupremeCourtoptednottohearthecaseonlycloudsthelegalsituationforWebsiteoperators. GeoffStewartapartneratJonesDayinWashingtonD.C.saidthattheSupremeCourteventuallymustactontheissueasInternetsitesthatrateeverythingfromautomobiledealershipstocreditofferscouldscalebacktheir9fferingstoavoidlawsuitsoriginatingnumerousjurisdictions. OnlinepublishersalsomighthavetoworryaboutbeingdraggedintolawsuitsinforeigncourtssaidDowLohnes&AlbertsonattorneyJonHartwhohasrepresentedtheOnlineNewsAssociation. "ThemuchmoredifficultproblemsforU.S.mediacompaniesarisewhenclaimsarebroughtinforeigncountriesovercontentpublishedintheUnitedStates"Hartsaid.HartcitedarecentcaseinwhichanAustraliancourtruledthatDowJonesmustappearinaVictoriaAustraliacourttodefenditspublicationofanarticleontheU.S.-basedWallStreetJournalWebsite. AccordingtoHartthepotentialchillingeffectofthosesortsofjurisdictionaldecisionsissubstantial."Ihavenotyetseenpublishersholdingbackonwhattheyotherwisepublishbecausethey’reafraidthey’regoingtogetsuedinanothercountrybutthatdoesn’tmeanitwon’thappenifweseearashofU.S.libelcasesagainstU.S.mediacompaniesbeingbroughtinforeigncountries’besaid. UntilthehighcourtdecidestoweighindirectlyonthisissueWebsiteoperatorsthatofferinformationandservicestouserslocatedoutsideoftheirhomestatesmustdealwithathornylegallandscapesaidJohnMorganapartneratPerkinsCoieLLPandanexpertinInternetlaw. HartcitedacaseinanAustraliancourttoindicatethat
WiththeMetOfficepredictingasummerheatwaveMacmillanCancerReliefthisweek 1itscustomarywarningaboutthesun’sultravioletrays:2itsaysforthehugeriseinskincancersaffecting70000peopleayear.3ahatandlong-sleevedshirtitadviseskeepinthe4inthemiddleofthedayandslap5suncreamwithaprotectionfactorof15orabove. Weallknowit6it’sthemessagethat’sbeendrummedintousforthepast20years.Toomuchsun7Butnowthere’saflyinthesuntanlotioncomplicatingthemessage’sclarity.Itcomes8athinquietly-spokenandofficiallyretiredNasascientistProfessorWilliamGrantwhosaysthatsundoesn’tkill;infactitdoesustheworldof9.What’skillingushesaysisour10withprotectingourselvesfromskincancer. Grantistryingtoturnthescientificworld11down.TalkingtomeonatriptoBritainthisweekhe12hisstartling—andatfirstappearanceoff-the-wall—newcalculationthat13excessiveexposuretothesuniscosting1600deathsayearintheUKfrommelanomaskincancers14exposuretothesunisthecauseof25000deathsayearfromcancergenerally.Inotherwordsonesixthofallcancerdeathscouldbeprevented15wesunnedourselvesalittlemore;incomparisonthemelanoma16isinsignificant. ThereasonisvitaminD.GrantthedirectoroftheSunlightNutritionandHealthResearchCentreSUNARChe17inCaliforniaayearagosaysthatheandotherscientistshave18vitaminDdeficiencyasakeycause1917differenttypesofcancerincludingmelanomaosteoporosisdiabetesmultiplesclerosisandotherneurological20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonAnswerSheet1.16
Text2 ThebiggestdangerfacingtheglobalairlineindustryisnottheeffectsofterrorismwarSARSandeconomicdownturn.ItisthattheseblowswhichhavehelpedgroundthreenationalflagcarriersandforcetwoAmericanairlinesintobankruptcywilldivertattentionfromtheinherentweaknessesofaviationwhichtheyhaveexacerbated.AsinthecrisisthatattendedthefirstGulfWarmanyairlineshopethattrafficwillsoonbouncebackandafewcatastrophicyearswillbefollowedbyfullerplaneshappierpassengersandareturntoprofitability.Yettheindustry’sproblemsaredeeper—andolder—thanthetraumaofthepasttwoyearsimplies. AsthecentenaryofthefirstpoweredflightapproachesinDecembertheindustryitlaunchedisstillremarkablyprimitive.ThecarindustrycreatednotlongaftertheWrightBrothersmadehistoryisnowaglobalindustrydominatedbyadozenfirmsatleasthalfofwhichmakegoodprofits.Yetcommercialaviationconsistsof267internationalcarriersandanother500-plusdomesticones.Theworld’sbiggestcarrierAmericanAirlineshasbarely7%oftheglobalmarketwhereastheworld’sbiggestcarmakerGeneralMotorshaswithitsassociatedfirmsaboutaquarteroftheworld’sautomobilemarket. Aviationhasbeenincompletelyderegulatedandinonlytwomarkets:AmericaandEurope.Everywhereelsegovernmentsdictatewhofliesunderwhatrules.Theseaimtopreservestate-ownednationalflag-carriersrunforprestigeratherthanprofit.Andnumerousrestrictionsonforeignownershipimpedecross-borderairlinemergers. InAmericathebignetworkcarriersfacebarrierstoexitwhichhavekepttheirroutenetworkstoolarge.TradeunionsresistingjobcutsandCongressmenopposingrouteclosuresintheirterritoryconspiretoblockchange.InEuropeliberalizationislimitedbybilateraldealsthatpreventforinstanceBritishAirwaysBAflyingtoAmericafromFrankfurtorParisorLufthansaofferingtransatlanticflightsfromLondon’sHeathrow.TousethecarindustryanalogyitisasifonlyRenaultswereallowedtodriveonFrenchmotorways. Inairlinestheoptimistsarethosewhothinkthatthingsarenowsobadthattheindustryhasnooptionbuttoevolve.FrederickReidpresidentofDeltaAirLinessaidearlierthisyearthateventssincetheSeptemberllthattacksaretheequivalentofameteorstrikechangingtheclimatecreatingasortofnuclearwinterandleadingtoa"compressedevolutionarycycle".Sohowlookingonthebrightsidemighttheindustrylookafterfiveyearsofaccelerateddevelopment Oneofthefactsthatreflecttheprimitivenessofairlineindustryis
WiththeMetOfficepredictingasummerheatwaveMacmillanCancerReliefthisweek 1itscustomarywarningaboutthesun’sultravioletrays:2itsaysforthehugeriseinskincancersaffecting70000peopleayear.3ahatandlong-sleevedshirtitadviseskeepinthe4inthemiddleofthedayandslap5suncreamwithaprotectionfactorof15orabove. Weallknowit6it’sthemessagethat’sbeendrummedintousforthepast20years.Toomuchsun7Butnowthere’saflyinthesuntanlotioncomplicatingthemessage’sclarity.Itcomes8athinquietly-spokenandofficiallyretiredNasascientistProfessorWilliamGrantwhosaysthatsundoesn’tkill;infactitdoesustheworldof9.What’skillingushesaysisour10withprotectingourselvesfromskincancer. Grantistryingtoturnthescientificworld11down.TalkingtomeonatriptoBritainthisweekhe12hisstartling—andatfirstappearanceoff-the-wall—newcalculationthat13excessiveexposuretothesuniscosting1600deathsayearintheUKfrommelanomaskincancers14exposuretothesunisthecauseof25000deathsayearfromcancergenerally.Inotherwordsonesixthofallcancerdeathscouldbeprevented15wesunnedourselvesalittlemore;incomparisonthemelanoma16isinsignificant. ThereasonisvitaminD.GrantthedirectoroftheSunlightNutritionandHealthResearchCentreSUNARChe17inCaliforniaayearagosaysthatheandotherscientistshave18vitaminDdeficiencyasakeycause1917differenttypesofcancerincludingmelanomaosteoporosisdiabetesmultiplesclerosisandotherneurological20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonAnswerSheet1.2
Text3 MediamogulTedTurneryesterdaysoldmorethanhalfofhisAOLTimeWarnerInc.holdingsforabout$780millionamovethatreflectshiseffortstoslashhisfinancialstakeinthemediagiant. AfterthecloseofregulartradingyesterdayTurnersoldablockof60millionsharestoGoldmanSachs&Co.for$13.07pershareor31centsbelowthestock’sclosingpriceyesterday.GoldmanwassaidbyWallStreetsourcestobeofferingthestocktomajorinvestorsfor$13.15. AnoutspokencriticofthecorporationTurnerremainsAOLTimeWarner’slargestindividualshareholderwith45millionsharesandamemberofitsboardofdirectors.AspokeswomanforTurnerreferredquestionstoAOLTimeWarner. AthispeakTurnerownedabout130millionsharesbuthelostbillionsofdollarsinwealthandgrewbitterafterthestockplungedfollowingthemergerofAmericaOnlineandTimeWarnerinJanuary2001. TurnerwhoinitiallysupportedthemergerlaterexpressedoutrageoverrevelationsthatAmericaOnlinehadmanipulateditsfinancialresults.TheSecuritiesandExchangeCommissionisinvestigatingAOLandthecorporationhasacknowledgeddiscoveringtensofmillionsofdollarsofoverstatedrevenue. TurnerresignedasvicechairmanearlierthisyearandhasbeenspendinglessofhistimeonAOLTimeWarnermatters.HesteppeddownafterachievinghisgoalofpressuringAmericaOnlinefounderSteveCasetoresignasthecorporation’schairman.Casesaidhewasgivinguptheposttoavoidabruisingpublichattleforreelectionatnextweek’sannualmeeting. IntheefforttooustCaseTurnerteamedupwithGordonCrawfordtheseniormediaportfoliomanageratCapitalResearch&ManagementthelargestinstitutionalshareholderinAOLTimeWarner.CapitalResearchhasindicateditwillvoteagainstCase’selectiontoremainontheboardofdirectorsnextweek—apositionthatanalystssaidshouldnotaffecttheoutcome.TurnermeanwhilehassaidhewillsupportthemanagementslatethatincludesCaseandwillmakeRichardD.Parsonsthecompany’schairmanandchiefexecutive. TurneravisionarywhostartedCableNewsNetworkisinthemidstofrollingoutanewchainofrestaurantsTed’sMontanaGrillfeaturingbisonburgers.HerecentlymovedhisresidencefromGeorgiatoFloridaforestate-planningpurposesandisspendingtimeandmoneyonhisindependentfilmcompanywhichlostmillionsofdollarsonalengthymovieabouttheCivilWar. Thebesttitleforthispassagecouldbe
Text4 Britain’sbosseswouldhaveyoubelievethatbusinessinBritainisgroaningunderredtapeandpunitivetaxlevelsinhibitingenterpriseandputtingBritishfirmsatadisadvantagecomparedwithoverseascompetitors. AsusualrealitypaintsafardifferentpicturefromthetawdryimagescrawledbytheCBIandToryfrontbenchers.NotonlydoBritishbusinessespaylowerlevelsofcorporationtaxthantheircounterpartsabroadbuttheybenefitfromthemostsavagelegalhamstringingoftradeunionism. ButboardroomfatcatsinBritainhaveonefurtheradvantageovertheircompetitorswhichistheirtotalinabilitytofeelanysenseofshame. Therelativelypoorperformancesincethe1990sofpensioninvestmentfundsoverseenbythetopcompaniesthemselveshasbroughtaboutawide-rangingcullofoccupationalpensionschemes.Finalsalaryschemeshavebeenaxedinfavourofmoneypurchaseorhavebeenbarredtonewemployeesandinmanycompaniesstaffhavebeentoldthattheywillhavetoincreasepensionsfundpaymentstoensurepreviouslyguaranteedbenefits. Atatimewhenthegovernmenthasbeendeliberatelyrunningdownthevalueofthestateretirementpensionanddrivingpensionerstowardsmeans-testedbenefitstheincreasinglyshakynatureofoccupationalschemeshasbroughtabouthigherlevelsofinsecurityamongworkingpeople. Howeverit’snotalldoomandgloom.Thereisasilverlining. Unfortunatelythatsilverliningdoesn’tshinetoobrightlyoutsidethecorridorsofcorporatepowerwheredirectorsaredoingwhattheyarebestat—lookingafternumberone.Bossesarenotonlyslurpinguphugesalarieseach-waybonusesandgoldenparachutes.TheyhavealsoasTUCgeneralsecretaryBrendanBarbersaysgot"theirsnoutsinapensionstrough." Ifhavingcontributionsworthone-thirtiethoftheirsalaryeachyearpaidintoapensionschemeisgoodenoughfordirectorswhydomostworkersonlyreceiveone-sixtiethAndifcompaniesonlydonate6percentofanemployee’ssalaryformoneypurchaseschemeswhydotheygive20430percentfordirectors’schemes Theanswerwhichwillbenosecrettomanytradeunionistsisthatweliveinaclass-dividedsocietyinwhichbigbusinessandtherichcalltheshots. TheChildPovertyActionGrouprevelationthatBritainalsohastheworstregionalsocialinequalityintheindustrialisedworld—secondonlytoMexico—illustrateshowfatuousareclaimsthatthiscountryenjoyssocialjusticeandopportunitiesforall.ThestarkfactsofinequalitybasedonclassgenderageandracethatareoutlinedintheCPAGPovertybookoughttodictateanewgovernmentapproachtotacklingpoverty. Inequalityandpovertycannotbetackledbyallowingbigbusinessandtherichtododgetheirresponsibilitiestosocietyandtousetheirpositionsofpowertoseizethelion’sshare. AccordingtotheauthorBritishbusinesses
Text4 TheU.S.SupremeCourt’sdecisionMondaytoletstandarulinginanonlinedefamationcasewillmakeitmoredifficulttodeterminecorrectlegaljurisdictionsinotherInternetcaseslegalexpertssaid. Byoptingnottotakethecasethehighcourteffectivelyendorsedalowercourt’sdecisionthataColoradocompanythatpostsratingsofhealthplansontheInternetcouldbesuedfordefamationinaWashingtoncourt.ThelowercourtrulingisoneofseveralthatmakesiteasierforplaintiffstosueWebsiteoperatorsintheirownjurisdictionsratherthanwheretheoperatorsmaintainaphysicalpresence. ThecaseinvolvedadefamationsuitfiledbyChehalisWash.-basedNorthwestHealthcareAllianceagainstLakewoodColo.basedHealthgrades.com.TheAlliancesuedinWashingtonfederalcourtafterHealthgrades.compostedanegativerankingofNorthwestHealtheareshomehealthservicesontheInternet.Healthgrades.cornarguedthatitshouldnotbesubjecttothejurisdictionofacourtinWashingtonbecauseitspublishingoperationisinColorado. ObserverssaidthefactthattheSupremeCourtoptednottohearthecaseonlycloudsthelegalsituationforWebsiteoperators. GeoffStewartapartneratJonesDayinWashingtonD.C.saidthattheSupremeCourteventuallymustactontheissueasInternetsitesthatrateeverythingfromautomobiledealershipstocreditofferscouldscalebacktheir9fferingstoavoidlawsuitsoriginatingnumerousjurisdictions. OnlinepublishersalsomighthavetoworryaboutbeingdraggedintolawsuitsinforeigncourtssaidDowLohnes&AlbertsonattorneyJonHartwhohasrepresentedtheOnlineNewsAssociation. "ThemuchmoredifficultproblemsforU.S.mediacompaniesarisewhenclaimsarebroughtinforeigncountriesovercontentpublishedintheUnitedStates"Hartsaid.HartcitedarecentcaseinwhichanAustraliancourtruledthatDowJonesmustappearinaVictoriaAustraliacourttodefenditspublicationofanarticleontheU.S.-basedWallStreetJournalWebsite. AccordingtoHartthepotentialchillingeffectofthosesortsofjurisdictionaldecisionsissubstantial."Ihavenotyetseenpublishersholdingbackonwhattheyotherwisepublishbecausethey’reafraidthey’regoingtogetsuedinanothercountrybutthatdoesn’tmeanitwon’thappenifweseearashofU.S.libelcasesagainstU.S.mediacompaniesbeingbroughtinforeigncountries’besaid. UntilthehighcourtdecidestoweighindirectlyonthisissueWebsiteoperatorsthatofferinformationandservicestouserslocatedoutsideoftheirhomestatesmustdealwithathornylegallandscapesaidJohnMorganapartneratPerkinsCoieLLPandanexpertinInternetlaw. AccordingtoGeoffStewartthehighcourt'sdecisionwill
Text4 TheU.S.SupremeCourt’sdecisionMondaytoletstandarulinginanonlinedefamationcasewillmakeitmoredifficulttodeterminecorrectlegaljurisdictionsinotherInternetcaseslegalexpertssaid. Byoptingnottotakethecasethehighcourteffectivelyendorsedalowercourt’sdecisionthataColoradocompanythatpostsratingsofhealthplansontheInternetcouldbesuedfordefamationinaWashingtoncourt.ThelowercourtrulingisoneofseveralthatmakesiteasierforplaintiffstosueWebsiteoperatorsintheirownjurisdictionsratherthanwheretheoperatorsmaintainaphysicalpresence. ThecaseinvolvedadefamationsuitfiledbyChehalisWash.-basedNorthwestHealthcareAllianceagainstLakewoodColo.basedHealthgrades.com.TheAlliancesuedinWashingtonfederalcourtafterHealthgrades.compostedanegativerankingofNorthwestHealtheareshomehealthservicesontheInternet.Healthgrades.cornarguedthatitshouldnotbesubjecttothejurisdictionofacourtinWashingtonbecauseitspublishingoperationisinColorado. ObserverssaidthefactthattheSupremeCourtoptednottohearthecaseonlycloudsthelegalsituationforWebsiteoperators. GeoffStewartapartneratJonesDayinWashingtonD.C.saidthattheSupremeCourteventuallymustactontheissueasInternetsitesthatrateeverythingfromautomobiledealershipstocreditofferscouldscalebacktheir9fferingstoavoidlawsuitsoriginatingnumerousjurisdictions. OnlinepublishersalsomighthavetoworryaboutbeingdraggedintolawsuitsinforeigncourtssaidDowLohnes&AlbertsonattorneyJonHartwhohasrepresentedtheOnlineNewsAssociation. "ThemuchmoredifficultproblemsforU.S.mediacompaniesarisewhenclaimsarebroughtinforeigncountriesovercontentpublishedintheUnitedStates"Hartsaid.HartcitedarecentcaseinwhichanAustraliancourtruledthatDowJonesmustappearinaVictoriaAustraliacourttodefenditspublicationofanarticleontheU.S.-basedWallStreetJournalWebsite. AccordingtoHartthepotentialchillingeffectofthosesortsofjurisdictionaldecisionsissubstantial."Ihavenotyetseenpublishersholdingbackonwhattheyotherwisepublishbecausethey’reafraidthey’regoingtogetsuedinanothercountrybutthatdoesn’tmeanitwon’thappenifweseearashofU.S.libelcasesagainstU.S.mediacompaniesbeingbroughtinforeigncountries’besaid. UntilthehighcourtdecidestoweighindirectlyonthisissueWebsiteoperatorsthatofferinformationandservicestouserslocatedoutsideoftheirhomestatesmustdealwithathornylegallandscapesaidJohnMorganapartneratPerkinsCoieLLPandanexpertinInternetlaw. TheauthorseemstobelievethattheSupremeCourt'sdecision
Attirebodylanguageandmannerscountduringinterviews.Afterallinterviewersareregularpeopleliketherestofuseasily’impressedbygoodbehaviorandjustaseasilyoffendedbyinappropriatebehavior.Yetsurveysshowthatjobcandidates’interviewmannersandotherprofessionalismsareonthedecline. Onthenextpagesaretipsforactingprofessionallybeforeduringandafterinterviewstoavoidoffendinginterviewersandincreaseyourchancesoflandingajob.Formoreinterviewtipsandotherjob-searchinghelpclickonthelinksinthesidebarunderRelatedResources.TheseinterviewtipsarebasedongoodmannersintheUnitedStates.Goodmannersareappreciatedeverywherebutwhatconstitutesthemmaydifferamongothercountries. 41.Doyourhomework: Researchthecompanyandstudythejobdescriptionbeforeyouinterviewasyourinterviewerwilllikelyaskwhatyouknowaboutthecompanyandwhyyouwantthejob. 42.Getyourpersonalpapersready: Collectandneatlyarrangeyourimportantpapersandworksamplesinanicebriefcaseorportfolio.Dressappropriately: Practicegoodhygienecomborbrushyourhairanddressappropriately.Evenifyou knowthatthecompanydressisbusiness-casualdressupanyway.Itshowsprofessionalismandrespectandmostimportantlythatyouknowhowtodressforinterviews. 43.Bepunctual: Unlessotherwiseinstructede.g.tofilloutajobapplicationarrivefivetotenminutesearlyfortheinterview. Sitwithgoodposture: Ifyoudon’tknowwhattodowithyourhandskeepthemfoldedinyourlap.Thisisanotherindicationofgoodmanners.Avoidcrossingyourarmsoveryourchestasitsubliminallydemonstratesaclosedmindtosome. 44.Readthemood: 45.Maintaineyecontact: Maintaineyecontactwiththeinterviewer. It’sokaytoaskquestionstobetteranswerthequestionstheinterviewerasksyou.Butwithholdthebulkofyourquestionsuntiltheinterviewerasksifyouhaveanywhichistypicallytowardtheendoftheinterview.Avoidaskingthefrivolousjustbecauseinterviewersexpectyoutohavequestions.Insteadaskaboutimportantmatterssuchasjobdutiesmanagementstyleandthefinancialhealthofthecompany.It’snotagoodideatoaskquestionsaboutvacationsickdayslunchbreaksandsoonrightoffthebat.Askaboutthelessermattersofimportanceduringfollow-upinterviews. Typicallyyou’llnegotiatesalarybenefitsperksandsuchinafollow-upinterview.Regardlessdon’tbringitupuntilaskedyetbereadytodiscussitatanytime. A.Thismakesyoulookorganizedandprofessional.Remembertopackrelevantdocumentssuchasextraresumesandreferencelistsimmigrantwork-authorizationpaperslettersofrecommendationandinformationrequiredonjobapplications.Bringatleastonepenandpencilandanotepadtoo. B.Iftheinterviewerisformalthenyouprobablyshouldbetoo.Iftheintervieweriscasualthenfollowalongwhileremainingcourteousandprofessional.Ineithercasetrytoappeartoberelaxedbutnottoorelaxed.It’snotagoodideatoputyourfeetupontheinterviewer’sdesk! C.Avoidstaringoryoumightmaketheintervieweruncomfortablebutdon’tlookawaytooofteneither.Tosomefailuretomaintainacomfortablelevelofeyecontactindicatesthatyouarelyingreachingforanswersorlackingconfidence. D.Italsohelpsyoutoformulatequestionsaboutthecompanyandjob.Interviewerstypicallyexpectyoutoasksuchquestions. E.Ifit’spossiblewithoutmakingacommotionscootyourchairalittleclosertotheinterviewer’sdeskortakethechairclosettothedesklikeyou’rereadytodiverightin.Thisshowsinterestandconfidence.Butdon’tinvadetheinterviewer’spersonalspaceaperimeterofabouttwofeetbyU.S.standards. F.Thisshowsthatyouareeagerandpunctual.Ifyou’renotatleastfiveminutesearlyforaninterviewyou’refiveminuteslate!Butdon’tarrivemorethantenminutesearlyasitmightbeinconvenientforyourinterviewers.Definitelydon’tbelate! 44
Text3 Successitisoftensaidhasmanyfathers—andoneofthemanyfathersofcomputingthatmostsuccessfulofindustrieswasCharlesBabbagea19th-centuryBritishmathematician.ExasperatedbyerrorsinthemathematicaltablesthatwerewidelyusedascalculationaidsatthetimeBabbagedreamedofbuildingamechanicalenginethatcouldproduceflawlesstablesautomatically.Buthisattemptstomakesuchamachineinthe1920sfailedandthesignificanceofhisworkwasonlyrediscoveredthiscentury. Nextyearatlastthefirstsetofprintedtablesshouldemergefromacalculating"differenceengine"builttoBabbage’sdesign.Babbagewillhavebeenvindicated.Buttherealizationofhisdreamwillalsounderscoretheextenttowhichhewasamanbornaheadofhistime. TheefforttoprovethatBabbage’sdesignswerelogicallyandpracticallysoundbeganin1985whenateamofresearchersattheScienceMuseuminLondonsetouttobuildadifferenceengineintimeforthe200thanniversaryofBabbage’sbirthin1992.Theteamledbythemuseum’scuratorofcomputingDoronSwadeconstructedamonstrousdeviceofbronzeironandsteel.Itwas11feetlongsevenfeettallweighedthreetonscostaround$500000andtookayeartopiecetogether.Anditworkedperfectlycrankingoutsuccessivevaluesofseventh-orderpolynomialequationsto31significantfigures.Butitwasincomplete.Tosavemoneyanentiresectionofthemachinetheprinterwasomitted. ToBabbagetheprinterwasavitalpartofdesign.Eveniftheengineproducedthecorrectanswerstherewasstilltheriskthatatranscriptionortypesettingerrorwouldresultinthefinishedmathematicaltablesbeinginaccurate.Theonlywaytoguaranteeerror-freetableswastoautomatetheprintingprocessaswell.Sohisplansincludedspecificationsforaprinteralmostascomplicatedasthecalculatingengineitselfwithadjustablemarginstwoseparatefontsandtheabilitytoprintintwothreeorfourcolumns. InJanuaryafteryearsofsearchingforasponsorfortheprintertheScienceMuseumannouncedthatabackerhadbeenfound.NathanMyhrvoldthechieftechnologyofficeratMicrosoftagreedtopayforitsconstructionwhichisexpectedtocost$373000withoneproviso:thattheScienceMuseumteamwouldbuildhimanidenticalcalculatingengineandprintertodecoratehisnewhomeonLakeWashingtonnearSeattle.Constructionoftheprinterwillbegin—infullviewofthepublic—attheScienceMuseumlaterthismonth.Thefullmachinewillbecompletednextyear. ItisaniceironythatBabbage’splansshouldberealizedonlythankstoaninfusionofcashfromamanwhogotrichinthecomputerrevolutionthatBabbagehelpedtofoment.Morestrikingstillevenusing20th-centurymanufacturingtechnologytheenginewillhavecostover$830000tobuild.AllowingforinflationthisisroughlyathirdofwhatitmighthavecosttobuildinBabbage’sday-incontrasttothecostofelectronic-computertechnologywhichhalvesinpriceevery18months.ThatsuggeststhatevenhadBabbagesucceededaVictoriancomputerrevolutionbasedonmechanicaltechnologywouldnotnecessarilyhavefollowed. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNottrue
Text1 Violentlyricsinsongsincreaseaggression-relatedthoughtsandemotionsandcouldindirectlycreateamorehostilesocialenvironmentastudyreleasedonSundaybyaU.S.psychologyassociationfound.TheWashingtonD.C.-basedAmericanPsychologicalAssociationAPAreleasedthestudyresultingfromfiveexperimentsinvolvingover500collegestudentsintheMayissueoftheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology. Theviolentsongsincreasedfeelingsofhostilitywithoutprovocationorthreataccordingtothestudy.Itsaidtheeffectwasnottheresultofdifferencesinmusicalstylespecificperformingartistorarousalpropertiesofthesongs.Eventhehumorousviolentsongsincreasedaggressivethoughtsthestudysaid. Thegroupsaidthestudycontradictsapopularnotionthatlisteningtoangryviolentmusicactuallyservesasapositivecatharsisforpeople. ThemusicindustrycameundercriticismfromlawmakersinOctoberforfailingtousemoredescriptiveparentaladvisorylabelsthatspecifywhetherthemusiccontainssexviolenceorstronglanguage. ButtheRecordingIndustryAssociationofAmericaRIAAhassaidthatcurrentCDlabelsgiveparentsenoughinformationwithoutviolatingtherighttofreeexpression.TheRIAAisthetradegroupfortheworld’sfivebiglabelsincludingAOLTimeWarnerInc.EMIGroupPie.BertelsmannAGVivendiUniversal’sUniversalMusicandSonyCorp.. ResultsoftheAPA’sexperimentsshowedthatviolentsongsledtomoreaggressiveinterpretationsofambiguouslyaggressivewordsandincreasedtherelativespeedwithwhichpeoplereadaggressiveversusnon-aggressivewords."Suchaggression-biasedinterpretationscaninturninstigateamoreaggressiveresponseverbalorphysicalthanwouldhavebeenemittedinanonbiasedstatethusprovokinganaggressiveescalatoryspiralofantisocialexchanges"saidresearcherCraigAndersoninastatement. Whileresearcherssaidrepeatedexposuretoviolentlyricscouldindirectlycreateamorehostilesocialenvironmenttheysaiditwaspossibletheeffectsofviolentsongsmaylastonlyafairlyshorttime. Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue
WiththeMetOfficepredictingasummerheatwaveMacmillanCancerReliefthisweek 1itscustomarywarningaboutthesun’sultravioletrays:2itsaysforthehugeriseinskincancersaffecting70000peopleayear.3ahatandlong-sleevedshirtitadviseskeepinthe4inthemiddleofthedayandslap5suncreamwithaprotectionfactorof15orabove. Weallknowit6it’sthemessagethat’sbeendrummedintousforthepast20years.Toomuchsun7Butnowthere’saflyinthesuntanlotioncomplicatingthemessage’sclarity.Itcomes8athinquietly-spokenandofficiallyretiredNasascientistProfessorWilliamGrantwhosaysthatsundoesn’tkill;infactitdoesustheworldof9.What’skillingushesaysisour10withprotectingourselvesfromskincancer. Grantistryingtoturnthescientificworld11down.TalkingtomeonatriptoBritainthisweekhe12hisstartling—andatfirstappearanceoff-the-wall—newcalculationthat13excessiveexposuretothesuniscosting1600deathsayearintheUKfrommelanomaskincancers14exposuretothesunisthecauseof25000deathsayearfromcancergenerally.Inotherwordsonesixthofallcancerdeathscouldbeprevented15wesunnedourselvesalittlemore;incomparisonthemelanoma16isinsignificant. ThereasonisvitaminD.GrantthedirectoroftheSunlightNutritionandHealthResearchCentreSUNARChe17inCaliforniaayearagosaysthatheandotherscientistshave18vitaminDdeficiencyasakeycause1917differenttypesofcancerincludingmelanomaosteoporosisdiabetesmultiplesclerosisandotherneurological20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonAnswerSheet1.6
Text3 MediamogulTedTurneryesterdaysoldmorethanhalfofhisAOLTimeWarnerInc.holdingsforabout$780millionamovethatreflectshiseffortstoslashhisfinancialstakeinthemediagiant. AfterthecloseofregulartradingyesterdayTurnersoldablockof60millionsharestoGoldmanSachs&Co.for$13.07pershareor31centsbelowthestock’sclosingpriceyesterday.GoldmanwassaidbyWallStreetsourcestobeofferingthestocktomajorinvestorsfor$13.15. AnoutspokencriticofthecorporationTurnerremainsAOLTimeWarner’slargestindividualshareholderwith45millionsharesandamemberofitsboardofdirectors.AspokeswomanforTurnerreferredquestionstoAOLTimeWarner. AthispeakTurnerownedabout130millionsharesbuthelostbillionsofdollarsinwealthandgrewbitterafterthestockplungedfollowingthemergerofAmericaOnlineandTimeWarnerinJanuary2001. TurnerwhoinitiallysupportedthemergerlaterexpressedoutrageoverrevelationsthatAmericaOnlinehadmanipulateditsfinancialresults.TheSecuritiesandExchangeCommissionisinvestigatingAOLandthecorporationhasacknowledgeddiscoveringtensofmillionsofdollarsofoverstatedrevenue. TurnerresignedasvicechairmanearlierthisyearandhasbeenspendinglessofhistimeonAOLTimeWarnermatters.HesteppeddownafterachievinghisgoalofpressuringAmericaOnlinefounderSteveCasetoresignasthecorporation’schairman.Casesaidhewasgivinguptheposttoavoidabruisingpublichattleforreelectionatnextweek’sannualmeeting. IntheefforttooustCaseTurnerteamedupwithGordonCrawfordtheseniormediaportfoliomanageratCapitalResearch&ManagementthelargestinstitutionalshareholderinAOLTimeWarner.CapitalResearchhasindicateditwillvoteagainstCase’selectiontoremainontheboardofdirectorsnextweek—apositionthatanalystssaidshouldnotaffecttheoutcome.TurnermeanwhilehassaidhewillsupportthemanagementslatethatincludesCaseandwillmakeRichardD.Parsonsthecompany’schairmanandchiefexecutive. TurneravisionarywhostartedCableNewsNetworkisinthemidstofrollingoutanewchainofrestaurantsTed’sMontanaGrillfeaturingbisonburgers.HerecentlymovedhisresidencefromGeorgiatoFloridaforestate-planningpurposesandisspendingtimeandmoneyonhisindependentfilmcompanywhichlostmillionsofdollarsonalengthymovieabouttheCivilWar. Thelastparagraphshowsthat
WiththeMetOfficepredictingasummerheatwaveMacmillanCancerReliefthisweek 1itscustomarywarningaboutthesun’sultravioletrays:2itsaysforthehugeriseinskincancersaffecting70000peopleayear.3ahatandlong-sleevedshirtitadviseskeepinthe4inthemiddleofthedayandslap5suncreamwithaprotectionfactorof15orabove. Weallknowit6it’sthemessagethat’sbeendrummedintousforthepast20years.Toomuchsun7Butnowthere’saflyinthesuntanlotioncomplicatingthemessage’sclarity.Itcomes8athinquietly-spokenandofficiallyretiredNasascientistProfessorWilliamGrantwhosaysthatsundoesn’tkill;infactitdoesustheworldof9.What’skillingushesaysisour10withprotectingourselvesfromskincancer. Grantistryingtoturnthescientificworld11down.TalkingtomeonatriptoBritainthisweekhe12hisstartling—andatfirstappearanceoff-the-wall—newcalculationthat13excessiveexposuretothesuniscosting1600deathsayearintheUKfrommelanomaskincancers14exposuretothesunisthecauseof25000deathsayearfromcancergenerally.Inotherwordsonesixthofallcancerdeathscouldbeprevented15wesunnedourselvesalittlemore;incomparisonthemelanoma16isinsignificant. ThereasonisvitaminD.GrantthedirectoroftheSunlightNutritionandHealthResearchCentreSUNARChe17inCaliforniaayearagosaysthatheandotherscientistshave18vitaminDdeficiencyasakeycause1917differenttypesofcancerincludingmelanomaosteoporosisdiabetesmultiplesclerosisandotherneurological20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonAnswerSheet1.10
Forthefirsttimeindecadesdoctorshavebegunmakingmajorchangesinthetreatmentoflungcancerbasedonresearchprovingthatchemotherapycansignificantlylengthenlifeformanypatientsforwhomitwaspreviouslythoughttobeuseless. Theshiftincareappliestoabout50000peopleayearintheUnitedStateswhohaveearlycasesofthemostcommonformofthediseasenon-small-celllungcancerandwhosetumorsareremovedbysurgery.46Manyofthesepatientswhojustafewyearsagowouldhavebeentreatedwithsurgeryalonearenowbeinggivenchemotherapyaswelljustas.itisroutinelygivenaftersurgeryforbreastorcolon结肠cancer.Thenewapproachhasbrightenedapicturethatwasoftenbleak. "Thebenefitisatleastasgoodandmaybebetterthanintheothercancers"saidDr.JohnMinnaalungcancerexpertandresearchdirectorattheUniversityofTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenterinDallas.Hesaidnewdiscoverieswerehelpingtoeliminatedoctors’"nihilistic"attitudesaboutchemotherapyforlungcancer. "Thestandardofcarehaschanged"saidDr.ChristopherG.AzzolialungcancerspecialistatMemorialSloan-KetteringCancerCenterinNewYork. 47Amajorimpetusforthechangecameayearagowhentwostudiespresentedatacancerconferenceshowedmarkedincreasesinsurvivalinpatientswhoreceivedadjuvant辅助的chemotherapymeaningthedrugsweregivenaftersurgery.Inonestudyof482patientsinCanadaandtheUnitedStatesledbyDr.TimothyWintonasurgeonfromtheUniversityofAlberta69percentofpatientswhohadsurgeryandchemotherapywerestillalivefiveyearslaterascomparedwith54percentwhohadjustsurgery.Thepatientsweregivenacombinationoftwodrugscisplatinandvinorelbineonceaweekfor16weeks. Intheworldoflungcancerresearchasurvivaldifferenceof15percentagepointsisenormous.48Overallthepatientsgivenchemotherapylived94monthsversus73monthsinthosewhohadonlysurgery—alsoahugedifferenceinafieldinwhichatreatmentishailedasasuccessifitgivespatientseventhreeorfourextramonths. AsecondstudyalsoannouncedattheconferencelastyearhadsimilarfindingsandsodidathirdpresentedjustamonthagoattheannualmeetingofthesamecancergrouptheAmericanSocietyofClinicalOneology. Atmajormedicalcentersdoctorsquicklybegantoputtheresultsintopractice. 49"Thefindingsweresostunningfromthesestudiesayearagothattheybegantochangethestandardofcare"saidDr.PasiJannealungcancerspecialistattheDanaFarberCancerInstituteinBoston."Overthelastyearthenumberofpatientswe’vehadreferredhereforadjuvantchemotherapyhasgoneupsteadily." 50ButsomedoctorshesitatedtomakechangesDr.Wintonsaidwantingfirsttoseethestudiespublishedinamedicaljournalwhichwouldmeanthedatahadstooduptotheserutiny仔细的检查ofeditorsandexpertreviewers. Nowhisstudyhasbecomethefirstofthethreetopassthattest.ItisbeingpublishedtodayinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinealongwithaneditorialbyDr.KatherineM.S.Pistersalungcancerspecialistatthem.D.AndersonCancerCenterinHouston. Manyofthesepatientswhojustafewyearsagowouldhavebeentreatedwithsurgeryalonearenowbeinggivenchemotherapyaswelljustas.itisroutinelygivenaftersurgeryforbreastorcolon结肠cancer.
WiththeMetOfficepredictingasummerheatwaveMacmillanCancerReliefthisweek 1itscustomarywarningaboutthesun’sultravioletrays:2itsaysforthehugeriseinskincancersaffecting70000peopleayear.3ahatandlong-sleevedshirtitadviseskeepinthe4inthemiddleofthedayandslap5suncreamwithaprotectionfactorof15orabove. Weallknowit6it’sthemessagethat’sbeendrummedintousforthepast20years.Toomuchsun7Butnowthere’saflyinthesuntanlotioncomplicatingthemessage’sclarity.Itcomes8athinquietly-spokenandofficiallyretiredNasascientistProfessorWilliamGrantwhosaysthatsundoesn’tkill;infactitdoesustheworldof9.What’skillingushesaysisour10withprotectingourselvesfromskincancer. Grantistryingtoturnthescientificworld11down.TalkingtomeonatriptoBritainthisweekhe12hisstartling—andatfirstappearanceoff-the-wall—newcalculationthat13excessiveexposuretothesuniscosting1600deathsayearintheUKfrommelanomaskincancers14exposuretothesunisthecauseof25000deathsayearfromcancergenerally.Inotherwordsonesixthofallcancerdeathscouldbeprevented15wesunnedourselvesalittlemore;incomparisonthemelanoma16isinsignificant. ThereasonisvitaminD.GrantthedirectoroftheSunlightNutritionandHealthResearchCentreSUNARChe17inCaliforniaayearagosaysthatheandotherscientistshave18vitaminDdeficiencyasakeycause1917differenttypesofcancerincludingmelanomaosteoporosisdiabetesmultiplesclerosisandotherneurological20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonAnswerSheet1.4
WiththeMetOfficepredictingasummerheatwaveMacmillanCancerReliefthisweek 1itscustomarywarningaboutthesun’sultravioletrays:2itsaysforthehugeriseinskincancersaffecting70000peopleayear.3ahatandlong-sleevedshirtitadviseskeepinthe4inthemiddleofthedayandslap5suncreamwithaprotectionfactorof15orabove. Weallknowit6it’sthemessagethat’sbeendrummedintousforthepast20years.Toomuchsun7Butnowthere’saflyinthesuntanlotioncomplicatingthemessage’sclarity.Itcomes8athinquietly-spokenandofficiallyretiredNasascientistProfessorWilliamGrantwhosaysthatsundoesn’tkill;infactitdoesustheworldof9.What’skillingushesaysisour10withprotectingourselvesfromskincancer. Grantistryingtoturnthescientificworld11down.TalkingtomeonatriptoBritainthisweekhe12hisstartling—andatfirstappearanceoff-the-wall—newcalculationthat13excessiveexposuretothesuniscosting1600deathsayearintheUKfrommelanomaskincancers14exposuretothesunisthecauseof25000deathsayearfromcancergenerally.Inotherwordsonesixthofallcancerdeathscouldbeprevented15wesunnedourselvesalittlemore;incomparisonthemelanoma16isinsignificant. ThereasonisvitaminD.GrantthedirectoroftheSunlightNutritionandHealthResearchCentreSUNARChe17inCaliforniaayearagosaysthatheandotherscientistshave18vitaminDdeficiencyasakeycause1917differenttypesofcancerincludingmelanomaosteoporosisdiabetesmultiplesclerosisandotherneurological20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonAnswerSheet1.12
Text4 Britain’sbosseswouldhaveyoubelievethatbusinessinBritainisgroaningunderredtapeandpunitivetaxlevelsinhibitingenterpriseandputtingBritishfirmsatadisadvantagecomparedwithoverseascompetitors. AsusualrealitypaintsafardifferentpicturefromthetawdryimagescrawledbytheCBIandToryfrontbenchers.NotonlydoBritishbusinessespaylowerlevelsofcorporationtaxthantheircounterpartsabroadbuttheybenefitfromthemostsavagelegalhamstringingoftradeunionism. ButboardroomfatcatsinBritainhaveonefurtheradvantageovertheircompetitorswhichistheirtotalinabilitytofeelanysenseofshame. Therelativelypoorperformancesincethe1990sofpensioninvestmentfundsoverseenbythetopcompaniesthemselveshasbroughtaboutawide-rangingcullofoccupationalpensionschemes.Finalsalaryschemeshavebeenaxedinfavourofmoneypurchaseorhavebeenbarredtonewemployeesandinmanycompaniesstaffhavebeentoldthattheywillhavetoincreasepensionsfundpaymentstoensurepreviouslyguaranteedbenefits. Atatimewhenthegovernmenthasbeendeliberatelyrunningdownthevalueofthestateretirementpensionanddrivingpensionerstowardsmeans-testedbenefitstheincreasinglyshakynatureofoccupationalschemeshasbroughtabouthigherlevelsofinsecurityamongworkingpeople. Howeverit’snotalldoomandgloom.Thereisasilverlining. Unfortunatelythatsilverliningdoesn’tshinetoobrightlyoutsidethecorridorsofcorporatepowerwheredirectorsaredoingwhattheyarebestat—lookingafternumberone.Bossesarenotonlyslurpinguphugesalarieseach-waybonusesandgoldenparachutes.TheyhavealsoasTUCgeneralsecretaryBrendanBarbersaysgot"theirsnoutsinapensionstrough." Ifhavingcontributionsworthone-thirtiethoftheirsalaryeachyearpaidintoapensionschemeisgoodenoughfordirectorswhydomostworkersonlyreceiveone-sixtiethAndifcompaniesonlydonate6percentofanemployee’ssalaryformoneypurchaseschemeswhydotheygive20430percentfordirectors’schemes Theanswerwhichwillbenosecrettomanytradeunionistsisthatweliveinaclass-dividedsocietyinwhichbigbusinessandtherichcalltheshots. TheChildPovertyActionGrouprevelationthatBritainalsohastheworstregionalsocialinequalityintheindustrialisedworld—secondonlytoMexico—illustrateshowfatuousareclaimsthatthiscountryenjoyssocialjusticeandopportunitiesforall.ThestarkfactsofinequalitybasedonclassgenderageandracethatareoutlinedintheCPAGPovertybookoughttodictateanewgovernmentapproachtotacklingpoverty. Inequalityandpovertycannotbetackledbyallowingbigbusinessandtherichtododgetheirresponsibilitiestosocietyandtousetheirpositionsofpowertoseizethelion’sshare. Thetradeunionistsseemtobeonthesideof
WiththeMetOfficepredictingasummerheatwaveMacmillanCancerReliefthisweek 1itscustomarywarningaboutthesun’sultravioletrays:2itsaysforthehugeriseinskincancersaffecting70000peopleayear.3ahatandlong-sleevedshirtitadviseskeepinthe4inthemiddleofthedayandslap5suncreamwithaprotectionfactorof15orabove. Weallknowit6it’sthemessagethat’sbeendrummedintousforthepast20years.Toomuchsun7Butnowthere’saflyinthesuntanlotioncomplicatingthemessage’sclarity.Itcomes8athinquietly-spokenandofficiallyretiredNasascientistProfessorWilliamGrantwhosaysthatsundoesn’tkill;infactitdoesustheworldof9.What’skillingushesaysisour10withprotectingourselvesfromskincancer. Grantistryingtoturnthescientificworld11down.TalkingtomeonatriptoBritainthisweekhe12hisstartling—andatfirstappearanceoff-the-wall—newcalculationthat13excessiveexposuretothesuniscosting1600deathsayearintheUKfrommelanomaskincancers14exposuretothesunisthecauseof25000deathsayearfromcancergenerally.Inotherwordsonesixthofallcancerdeathscouldbeprevented15wesunnedourselvesalittlemore;incomparisonthemelanoma16isinsignificant. ThereasonisvitaminD.GrantthedirectoroftheSunlightNutritionandHealthResearchCentreSUNARChe17inCaliforniaayearagosaysthatheandotherscientistshave18vitaminDdeficiencyasakeycause1917differenttypesofcancerincludingmelanomaosteoporosisdiabetesmultiplesclerosisandotherneurological20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonAnswerSheet1.18
WiththeMetOfficepredictingasummerheatwaveMacmillanCancerReliefthisweek 1itscustomarywarningaboutthesun’sultravioletrays:2itsaysforthehugeriseinskincancersaffecting70000peopleayear.3ahatandlong-sleevedshirtitadviseskeepinthe4inthemiddleofthedayandslap5suncreamwithaprotectionfactorof15orabove. Weallknowit6it’sthemessagethat’sbeendrummedintousforthepast20years.Toomuchsun7Butnowthere’saflyinthesuntanlotioncomplicatingthemessage’sclarity.Itcomes8athinquietly-spokenandofficiallyretiredNasascientistProfessorWilliamGrantwhosaysthatsundoesn’tkill;infactitdoesustheworldof9.What’skillingushesaysisour10withprotectingourselvesfromskincancer. Grantistryingtoturnthescientificworld11down.TalkingtomeonatriptoBritainthisweekhe12hisstartling—andatfirstappearanceoff-the-wall—newcalculationthat13excessiveexposuretothesuniscosting1600deathsayearintheUKfrommelanomaskincancers14exposuretothesunisthecauseof25000deathsayearfromcancergenerally.Inotherwordsonesixthofallcancerdeathscouldbeprevented15wesunnedourselvesalittlemore;incomparisonthemelanoma16isinsignificant. ThereasonisvitaminD.GrantthedirectoroftheSunlightNutritionandHealthResearchCentreSUNARChe17inCaliforniaayearagosaysthatheandotherscientistshave18vitaminDdeficiencyasakeycause1917differenttypesofcancerincludingmelanomaosteoporosisdiabetesmultiplesclerosisandotherneurological20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonAnswerSheet1.20
WiththeMetOfficepredictingasummerheatwaveMacmillanCancerReliefthisweek 1itscustomarywarningaboutthesun’sultravioletrays:2itsaysforthehugeriseinskincancersaffecting70000peopleayear.3ahatandlong-sleevedshirtitadviseskeepinthe4inthemiddleofthedayandslap5suncreamwithaprotectionfactorof15orabove. Weallknowit6it’sthemessagethat’sbeendrummedintousforthepast20years.Toomuchsun7Butnowthere’saflyinthesuntanlotioncomplicatingthemessage’sclarity.Itcomes8athinquietly-spokenandofficiallyretiredNasascientistProfessorWilliamGrantwhosaysthatsundoesn’tkill;infactitdoesustheworldof9.What’skillingushesaysisour10withprotectingourselvesfromskincancer. Grantistryingtoturnthescientificworld11down.TalkingtomeonatriptoBritainthisweekhe12hisstartling—andatfirstappearanceoff-the-wall—newcalculationthat13excessiveexposuretothesuniscosting1600deathsayearintheUKfrommelanomaskincancers14exposuretothesunisthecauseof25000deathsayearfromcancergenerally.Inotherwordsonesixthofallcancerdeathscouldbeprevented15wesunnedourselvesalittlemore;incomparisonthemelanoma16isinsignificant. ThereasonisvitaminD.GrantthedirectoroftheSunlightNutritionandHealthResearchCentreSUNARChe17inCaliforniaayearagosaysthatheandotherscientistshave18vitaminDdeficiencyasakeycause1917differenttypesofcancerincludingmelanomaosteoporosisdiabetesmultiplesclerosisandotherneurological20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonAnswerSheet1.8
Text2 ThebiggestdangerfacingtheglobalairlineindustryisnottheeffectsofterrorismwarSARSandeconomicdownturn.ItisthattheseblowswhichhavehelpedgroundthreenationalflagcarriersandforcetwoAmericanairlinesintobankruptcywilldivertattentionfromtheinherentweaknessesofaviationwhichtheyhaveexacerbated.AsinthecrisisthatattendedthefirstGulfWarmanyairlineshopethattrafficwillsoonbouncebackandafewcatastrophicyearswillbefollowedbyfullerplaneshappierpassengersandareturntoprofitability.Yettheindustry’sproblemsaredeeper—andolder—thanthetraumaofthepasttwoyearsimplies. AsthecentenaryofthefirstpoweredflightapproachesinDecembertheindustryitlaunchedisstillremarkablyprimitive.ThecarindustrycreatednotlongaftertheWrightBrothersmadehistoryisnowaglobalindustrydominatedbyadozenfirmsatleasthalfofwhichmakegoodprofits.Yetcommercialaviationconsistsof267internationalcarriersandanother500-plusdomesticones.Theworld’sbiggestcarrierAmericanAirlineshasbarely7%oftheglobalmarketwhereastheworld’sbiggestcarmakerGeneralMotorshaswithitsassociatedfirmsaboutaquarteroftheworld’sautomobilemarket. Aviationhasbeenincompletelyderegulatedandinonlytwomarkets:AmericaandEurope.Everywhereelsegovernmentsdictatewhofliesunderwhatrules.Theseaimtopreservestate-ownednationalflag-carriersrunforprestigeratherthanprofit.Andnumerousrestrictionsonforeignownershipimpedecross-borderairlinemergers. InAmericathebignetworkcarriersfacebarrierstoexitwhichhavekepttheirroutenetworkstoolarge.TradeunionsresistingjobcutsandCongressmenopposingrouteclosuresintheirterritoryconspiretoblockchange.InEuropeliberalizationislimitedbybilateraldealsthatpreventforinstanceBritishAirwaysBAflyingtoAmericafromFrankfurtorParisorLufthansaofferingtransatlanticflightsfromLondon’sHeathrow.TousethecarindustryanalogyitisasifonlyRenaultswereallowedtodriveonFrenchmotorways. Inairlinestheoptimistsarethosewhothinkthatthingsarenowsobadthattheindustryhasnooptionbuttoevolve.FrederickReidpresidentofDeltaAirLinessaidearlierthisyearthateventssincetheSeptemberllthattacksaretheequivalentofameteorstrikechangingtheclimatecreatingasortofnuclearwinterandleadingtoa"compressedevolutionarycycle".Sohowlookingonthebrightsidemighttheindustrylookafterfiveyearsofaccelerateddevelopment Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat
Text1 Violentlyricsinsongsincreaseaggression-relatedthoughtsandemotionsandcouldindirectlycreateamorehostilesocialenvironmentastudyreleasedonSundaybyaU.S.psychologyassociationfound.TheWashingtonD.C.-basedAmericanPsychologicalAssociationAPAreleasedthestudyresultingfromfiveexperimentsinvolvingover500collegestudentsintheMayissueoftheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology. Theviolentsongsincreasedfeelingsofhostilitywithoutprovocationorthreataccordingtothestudy.Itsaidtheeffectwasnottheresultofdifferencesinmusicalstylespecificperformingartistorarousalpropertiesofthesongs.Eventhehumorousviolentsongsincreasedaggressivethoughtsthestudysaid. Thegroupsaidthestudycontradictsapopularnotionthatlisteningtoangryviolentmusicactuallyservesasapositivecatharsisforpeople. ThemusicindustrycameundercriticismfromlawmakersinOctoberforfailingtousemoredescriptiveparentaladvisorylabelsthatspecifywhetherthemusiccontainssexviolenceorstronglanguage. ButtheRecordingIndustryAssociationofAmericaRIAAhassaidthatcurrentCDlabelsgiveparentsenoughinformationwithoutviolatingtherighttofreeexpression.TheRIAAisthetradegroupfortheworld’sfivebiglabelsincludingAOLTimeWarnerInc.EMIGroupPie.BertelsmannAGVivendiUniversal’sUniversalMusicandSonyCorp.. ResultsoftheAPA’sexperimentsshowedthatviolentsongsledtomoreaggressiveinterpretationsofambiguouslyaggressivewordsandincreasedtherelativespeedwithwhichpeoplereadaggressiveversusnon-aggressivewords."Suchaggression-biasedinterpretationscaninturninstigateamoreaggressiveresponseverbalorphysicalthanwouldhavebeenemittedinanonbiasedstatethusprovokinganaggressiveescalatoryspiralofantisocialexchanges"saidresearcherCraigAndersoninastatement. Whileresearcherssaidrepeatedexposuretoviolentlyricscouldindirectlycreateamorehostilesocialenvironmenttheysaiditwaspossibletheeffectsofviolentsongsmaylastonlyafairlyshorttime. AccordingtothestudybyAPAintensifiedaggressionhadnothingtodowith
Attirebodylanguageandmannerscountduringinterviews.Afterallinterviewersareregularpeopleliketherestofuseasily’impressedbygoodbehaviorandjustaseasilyoffendedbyinappropriatebehavior.Yetsurveysshowthatjobcandidates’interviewmannersandotherprofessionalismsareonthedecline. Onthenextpagesaretipsforactingprofessionallybeforeduringandafterinterviewstoavoidoffendinginterviewersandincreaseyourchancesoflandingajob.Formoreinterviewtipsandotherjob-searchinghelpclickonthelinksinthesidebarunderRelatedResources.TheseinterviewtipsarebasedongoodmannersintheUnitedStates.Goodmannersareappreciatedeverywherebutwhatconstitutesthemmaydifferamongothercountries. 41.Doyourhomework: Researchthecompanyandstudythejobdescriptionbeforeyouinterviewasyourinterviewerwilllikelyaskwhatyouknowaboutthecompanyandwhyyouwantthejob. 42.Getyourpersonalpapersready: Collectandneatlyarrangeyourimportantpapersandworksamplesinanicebriefcaseorportfolio.Dressappropriately: Practicegoodhygienecomborbrushyourhairanddressappropriately.Evenifyou knowthatthecompanydressisbusiness-casualdressupanyway.Itshowsprofessionalismandrespectandmostimportantlythatyouknowhowtodressforinterviews. 43.Bepunctual: Unlessotherwiseinstructede.g.tofilloutajobapplicationarrivefivetotenminutesearlyfortheinterview. Sitwithgoodposture: Ifyoudon’tknowwhattodowithyourhandskeepthemfoldedinyourlap.Thisisanotherindicationofgoodmanners.Avoidcrossingyourarmsoveryourchestasitsubliminallydemonstratesaclosedmindtosome. 44.Readthemood: 45.Maintaineyecontact: Maintaineyecontactwiththeinterviewer. It’sokaytoaskquestionstobetteranswerthequestionstheinterviewerasksyou.Butwithholdthebulkofyourquestionsuntiltheinterviewerasksifyouhaveanywhichistypicallytowardtheendoftheinterview.Avoidaskingthefrivolousjustbecauseinterviewersexpectyoutohavequestions.Insteadaskaboutimportantmatterssuchasjobdutiesmanagementstyleandthefinancialhealthofthecompany.It’snotagoodideatoaskquestionsaboutvacationsickdayslunchbreaksandsoonrightoffthebat.Askaboutthelessermattersofimportanceduringfollow-upinterviews. Typicallyyou’llnegotiatesalarybenefitsperksandsuchinafollow-upinterview.Regardlessdon’tbringitupuntilaskedyetbereadytodiscussitatanytime. A.Thismakesyoulookorganizedandprofessional.Remembertopackrelevantdocumentssuchasextraresumesandreferencelistsimmigrantwork-authorizationpaperslettersofrecommendationandinformationrequiredonjobapplications.Bringatleastonepenandpencilandanotepadtoo. B.Iftheinterviewerisformalthenyouprobablyshouldbetoo.Iftheintervieweriscasualthenfollowalongwhileremainingcourteousandprofessional.Ineithercasetrytoappeartoberelaxedbutnottoorelaxed.It’snotagoodideatoputyourfeetupontheinterviewer’sdesk! C.Avoidstaringoryoumightmaketheintervieweruncomfortablebutdon’tlookawaytooofteneither.Tosomefailuretomaintainacomfortablelevelofeyecontactindicatesthatyouarelyingreachingforanswersorlackingconfidence. D.Italsohelpsyoutoformulatequestionsaboutthecompanyandjob.Interviewerstypicallyexpectyoutoasksuchquestions. E.Ifit’spossiblewithoutmakingacommotionscootyourchairalittleclosertotheinterviewer’sdeskortakethechairclosettothedesklikeyou’rereadytodiverightin.Thisshowsinterestandconfidence.Butdon’tinvadetheinterviewer’spersonalspaceaperimeterofabouttwofeetbyU.S.standards. F.Thisshowsthatyouareeagerandpunctual.Ifyou’renotatleastfiveminutesearlyforaninterviewyou’refiveminuteslate!Butdon’tarrivemorethantenminutesearlyasitmightbeinconvenientforyourinterviewers.Definitelydon’tbelate! 42
Text4 Britain’sbosseswouldhaveyoubelievethatbusinessinBritainisgroaningunderredtapeandpunitivetaxlevelsinhibitingenterpriseandputtingBritishfirmsatadisadvantagecomparedwithoverseascompetitors. AsusualrealitypaintsafardifferentpicturefromthetawdryimagescrawledbytheCBIandToryfrontbenchers.NotonlydoBritishbusinessespaylowerlevelsofcorporationtaxthantheircounterpartsabroadbuttheybenefitfromthemostsavagelegalhamstringingoftradeunionism. ButboardroomfatcatsinBritainhaveonefurtheradvantageovertheircompetitorswhichistheirtotalinabilitytofeelanysenseofshame. Therelativelypoorperformancesincethe1990sofpensioninvestmentfundsoverseenbythetopcompaniesthemselveshasbroughtaboutawide-rangingcullofoccupationalpensionschemes.Finalsalaryschemeshavebeenaxedinfavourofmoneypurchaseorhavebeenbarredtonewemployeesandinmanycompaniesstaffhavebeentoldthattheywillhavetoincreasepensionsfundpaymentstoensurepreviouslyguaranteedbenefits. Atatimewhenthegovernmenthasbeendeliberatelyrunningdownthevalueofthestateretirementpensionanddrivingpensionerstowardsmeans-testedbenefitstheincreasinglyshakynatureofoccupationalschemeshasbroughtabouthigherlevelsofinsecurityamongworkingpeople. Howeverit’snotalldoomandgloom.Thereisasilverlining. Unfortunatelythatsilverliningdoesn’tshinetoobrightlyoutsidethecorridorsofcorporatepowerwheredirectorsaredoingwhattheyarebestat—lookingafternumberone.Bossesarenotonlyslurpinguphugesalarieseach-waybonusesandgoldenparachutes.TheyhavealsoasTUCgeneralsecretaryBrendanBarbersaysgot"theirsnoutsinapensionstrough." Ifhavingcontributionsworthone-thirtiethoftheirsalaryeachyearpaidintoapensionschemeisgoodenoughfordirectorswhydomostworkersonlyreceiveone-sixtiethAndifcompaniesonlydonate6percentofanemployee’ssalaryformoneypurchaseschemeswhydotheygive20430percentfordirectors’schemes Theanswerwhichwillbenosecrettomanytradeunionistsisthatweliveinaclass-dividedsocietyinwhichbigbusinessandtherichcalltheshots. TheChildPovertyActionGrouprevelationthatBritainalsohastheworstregionalsocialinequalityintheindustrialisedworld—secondonlytoMexico—illustrateshowfatuousareclaimsthatthiscountryenjoyssocialjusticeandopportunitiesforall.ThestarkfactsofinequalitybasedonclassgenderageandracethatareoutlinedintheCPAGPovertybookoughttodictateanewgovernmentapproachtotacklingpoverty. Inequalityandpovertycannotbetackledbyallowingbigbusinessandtherichtododgetheirresponsibilitiestosocietyandtousetheirpositionsofpowertoseizethelion’sshare. Britishbosses'shamelessnessisrevealedinallthefollowingfactsExcept
Forthefirsttimeindecadesdoctorshavebegunmakingmajorchangesinthetreatmentoflungcancerbasedonresearchprovingthatchemotherapycansignificantlylengthenlifeformanypatientsforwhomitwaspreviouslythoughttobeuseless. Theshiftincareappliestoabout50000peopleayearintheUnitedStateswhohaveearlycasesofthemostcommonformofthediseasenon-small-celllungcancerandwhosetumorsareremovedbysurgery.46Manyofthesepatientswhojustafewyearsagowouldhavebeentreatedwithsurgeryalonearenowbeinggivenchemotherapyaswelljustas.itisroutinelygivenaftersurgeryforbreastorcolon结肠cancer.Thenewapproachhasbrightenedapicturethatwasoftenbleak. "Thebenefitisatleastasgoodandmaybebetterthanintheothercancers"saidDr.JohnMinnaalungcancerexpertandresearchdirectorattheUniversityofTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenterinDallas.Hesaidnewdiscoverieswerehelpingtoeliminatedoctors’"nihilistic"attitudesaboutchemotherapyforlungcancer. "Thestandardofcarehaschanged"saidDr.ChristopherG.AzzolialungcancerspecialistatMemorialSloan-KetteringCancerCenterinNewYork. 47Amajorimpetusforthechangecameayearagowhentwostudiespresentedatacancerconferenceshowedmarkedincreasesinsurvivalinpatientswhoreceivedadjuvant辅助的chemotherapymeaningthedrugsweregivenaftersurgery.Inonestudyof482patientsinCanadaandtheUnitedStatesledbyDr.TimothyWintonasurgeonfromtheUniversityofAlberta69percentofpatientswhohadsurgeryandchemotherapywerestillalivefiveyearslaterascomparedwith54percentwhohadjustsurgery.Thepatientsweregivenacombinationoftwodrugscisplatinandvinorelbineonceaweekfor16weeks. Intheworldoflungcancerresearchasurvivaldifferenceof15percentagepointsisenormous.48Overallthepatientsgivenchemotherapylived94monthsversus73monthsinthosewhohadonlysurgery—alsoahugedifferenceinafieldinwhichatreatmentishailedasasuccessifitgivespatientseventhreeorfourextramonths. AsecondstudyalsoannouncedattheconferencelastyearhadsimilarfindingsandsodidathirdpresentedjustamonthagoattheannualmeetingofthesamecancergrouptheAmericanSocietyofClinicalOneology. Atmajormedicalcentersdoctorsquicklybegantoputtheresultsintopractice. 49"Thefindingsweresostunningfromthesestudiesayearagothattheybegantochangethestandardofcare"saidDr.PasiJannealungcancerspecialistattheDanaFarberCancerInstituteinBoston."Overthelastyearthenumberofpatientswe’vehadreferredhereforadjuvantchemotherapyhasgoneupsteadily." 50ButsomedoctorshesitatedtomakechangesDr.Wintonsaidwantingfirsttoseethestudiespublishedinamedicaljournalwhichwouldmeanthedatahadstooduptotheserutiny仔细的检查ofeditorsandexpertreviewers. Nowhisstudyhasbecomethefirstofthethreetopassthattest.ItisbeingpublishedtodayinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinealongwithaneditorialbyDr.KatherineM.S.Pistersalungcancerspecialistatthem.D.AndersonCancerCenterinHouston. Overallthepatientsgivenchemotherapylived94monthsversus73monthsinthosewhohadonlysurgery—alsoahugedifferenceinafieldinwhichatreatmentishailedasasuccessifitgivespatientseventhreeorfourextramonths.
Forthefirsttimeindecadesdoctorshavebegunmakingmajorchangesinthetreatmentoflungcancerbasedonresearchprovingthatchemotherapycansignificantlylengthenlifeformanypatientsforwhomitwaspreviouslythoughttobeuseless. Theshiftincareappliestoabout50000peopleayearintheUnitedStateswhohaveearlycasesofthemostcommonformofthediseasenon-small-celllungcancerandwhosetumorsareremovedbysurgery.46Manyofthesepatientswhojustafewyearsagowouldhavebeentreatedwithsurgeryalonearenowbeinggivenchemotherapyaswelljustas.itisroutinelygivenaftersurgeryforbreastorcolon结肠cancer.Thenewapproachhasbrightenedapicturethatwasoftenbleak. "Thebenefitisatleastasgoodandmaybebetterthanintheothercancers"saidDr.JohnMinnaalungcancerexpertandresearchdirectorattheUniversityofTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenterinDallas.Hesaidnewdiscoverieswerehelpingtoeliminatedoctors’"nihilistic"attitudesaboutchemotherapyforlungcancer. "Thestandardofcarehaschanged"saidDr.ChristopherG.AzzolialungcancerspecialistatMemorialSloan-KetteringCancerCenterinNewYork. 47Amajorimpetusforthechangecameayearagowhentwostudiespresentedatacancerconferenceshowedmarkedincreasesinsurvivalinpatientswhoreceivedadjuvant辅助的chemotherapymeaningthedrugsweregivenaftersurgery.Inonestudyof482patientsinCanadaandtheUnitedStatesledbyDr.TimothyWintonasurgeonfromtheUniversityofAlberta69percentofpatientswhohadsurgeryandchemotherapywerestillalivefiveyearslaterascomparedwith54percentwhohadjustsurgery.Thepatientsweregivenacombinationoftwodrugscisplatinandvinorelbineonceaweekfor16weeks. Intheworldoflungcancerresearchasurvivaldifferenceof15percentagepointsisenormous.48Overallthepatientsgivenchemotherapylived94monthsversus73monthsinthosewhohadonlysurgery—alsoahugedifferenceinafieldinwhichatreatmentishailedasasuccessifitgivespatientseventhreeorfourextramonths. AsecondstudyalsoannouncedattheconferencelastyearhadsimilarfindingsandsodidathirdpresentedjustamonthagoattheannualmeetingofthesamecancergrouptheAmericanSocietyofClinicalOneology. Atmajormedicalcentersdoctorsquicklybegantoputtheresultsintopractice. 49"Thefindingsweresostunningfromthesestudiesayearagothattheybegantochangethestandardofcare"saidDr.PasiJannealungcancerspecialistattheDanaFarberCancerInstituteinBoston."Overthelastyearthenumberofpatientswe’vehadreferredhereforadjuvantchemotherapyhasgoneupsteadily." 50ButsomedoctorshesitatedtomakechangesDr.Wintonsaidwantingfirsttoseethestudiespublishedinamedicaljournalwhichwouldmeanthedatahadstooduptotheserutiny仔细的检查ofeditorsandexpertreviewers. Nowhisstudyhasbecomethefirstofthethreetopassthattest.ItisbeingpublishedtodayinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinealongwithaneditorialbyDr.KatherineM.S.Pistersalungcancerspecialistatthem.D.AndersonCancerCenterinHouston. ButsomedoctorshesitatedtomakechangesDr.Wintonsaidwantingfirsttoseethestudiespublishedinamedicaljournalwhichwouldmeanthedatahadstooduptotheserutiny仔细的检查ofeditorsandexpertreviewers.
Text2 ThebiggestdangerfacingtheglobalairlineindustryisnottheeffectsofterrorismwarSARSandeconomicdownturn.ItisthattheseblowswhichhavehelpedgroundthreenationalflagcarriersandforcetwoAmericanairlinesintobankruptcywilldivertattentionfromtheinherentweaknessesofaviationwhichtheyhaveexacerbated.AsinthecrisisthatattendedthefirstGulfWarmanyairlineshopethattrafficwillsoonbouncebackandafewcatastrophicyearswillbefollowedbyfullerplaneshappierpassengersandareturntoprofitability.Yettheindustry’sproblemsaredeeper—andolder—thanthetraumaofthepasttwoyearsimplies. AsthecentenaryofthefirstpoweredflightapproachesinDecembertheindustryitlaunchedisstillremarkablyprimitive.ThecarindustrycreatednotlongaftertheWrightBrothersmadehistoryisnowaglobalindustrydominatedbyadozenfirmsatleasthalfofwhichmakegoodprofits.Yetcommercialaviationconsistsof267internationalcarriersandanother500-plusdomesticones.Theworld’sbiggestcarrierAmericanAirlineshasbarely7%oftheglobalmarketwhereastheworld’sbiggestcarmakerGeneralMotorshaswithitsassociatedfirmsaboutaquarteroftheworld’sautomobilemarket. Aviationhasbeenincompletelyderegulatedandinonlytwomarkets:AmericaandEurope.Everywhereelsegovernmentsdictatewhofliesunderwhatrules.Theseaimtopreservestate-ownednationalflag-carriersrunforprestigeratherthanprofit.Andnumerousrestrictionsonforeignownershipimpedecross-borderairlinemergers. InAmericathebignetworkcarriersfacebarrierstoexitwhichhavekepttheirroutenetworkstoolarge.TradeunionsresistingjobcutsandCongressmenopposingrouteclosuresintheirterritoryconspiretoblockchange.InEuropeliberalizationislimitedbybilateraldealsthatpreventforinstanceBritishAirwaysBAflyingtoAmericafromFrankfurtorParisorLufthansaofferingtransatlanticflightsfromLondon’sHeathrow.TousethecarindustryanalogyitisasifonlyRenaultswereallowedtodriveonFrenchmotorways. Inairlinestheoptimistsarethosewhothinkthatthingsarenowsobadthattheindustryhasnooptionbuttoevolve.FrederickReidpresidentofDeltaAirLinessaidearlierthisyearthateventssincetheSeptemberllthattacksaretheequivalentofameteorstrikechangingtheclimatecreatingasortofnuclearwinterandleadingtoa"compressedevolutionarycycle".Sohowlookingonthebrightsidemighttheindustrylookafterfiveyearsofaccelerateddevelopment WhatdoestheauthormeanbyAviationhasbeenincompletelyderegulated....ParA．3
WiththeMetOfficepredictingasummerheatwaveMacmillanCancerReliefthisweek 1itscustomarywarningaboutthesun’sultravioletrays:2itsaysforthehugeriseinskincancersaffecting70000peopleayear.3ahatandlong-sleevedshirtitadviseskeepinthe4inthemiddleofthedayandslap5suncreamwithaprotectionfactorof15orabove. Weallknowit6it’sthemessagethat’sbeendrummedintousforthepast20years.Toomuchsun7Butnowthere’saflyinthesuntanlotioncomplicatingthemessage’sclarity.Itcomes8athinquietly-spokenandofficiallyretiredNasascientistProfessorWilliamGrantwhosaysthatsundoesn’tkill;infactitdoesustheworldof9.What’skillingushesaysisour10withprotectingourselvesfromskincancer. Grantistryingtoturnthescientificworld11down.TalkingtomeonatriptoBritainthisweekhe12hisstartling—andatfirstappearanceoff-the-wall—newcalculationthat13excessiveexposuretothesuniscosting1600deathsayearintheUKfrommelanomaskincancers14exposuretothesunisthecauseof25000deathsayearfromcancergenerally.Inotherwordsonesixthofallcancerdeathscouldbeprevented15wesunnedourselvesalittlemore;incomparisonthemelanoma16isinsignificant. ThereasonisvitaminD.GrantthedirectoroftheSunlightNutritionandHealthResearchCentreSUNARChe17inCaliforniaayearagosaysthatheandotherscientistshave18vitaminDdeficiencyasakeycause1917differenttypesofcancerincludingmelanomaosteoporosisdiabetesmultiplesclerosisandotherneurological20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonAnswerSheet1.14
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