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四季的阴阳属性中秋天属于
阳中之阳
阳中之阴
阴中之阴
阴中之阳
阴中之至阴
根据阴阳属性的相对性下午属于
阳中之阳
阳中之阴
阴中之阳
阴中之阴
阴中之至阴
根据阴阳的属性与可分性昼夜之中属于阴中之阴的时间是________属于阳中之阴的时间是_______
根据阴阳属性的可分性一日之中属于阴中之阴的是
下午
后半夜
上午
前半夜
四季的阴阳属性中春天属于
阳中之阳
阳中之阴
阴中之阴
阴中之阳
阴中之至阴
根据阴阳的属性与可分性一天之中属于阴中之阳的时间是属于阳之阴的时间是
根据阴阳属性的可分性五脏中属于阴中之阴的脏是
心
肺
肝
脾
肾
根据阴阳属性的可分性五脏中属于阴中之阴的脏是
肺
肾
心
肝
以下哪项不属于阴阳中阴的属性
寒凉的
功能的
沉静的
抑制的
下列属于阴的属性的是
温暖的
向上的
运动的
有形的
四季的阴阳属性中夏天属于
阳中之阳
阳中之阴
阴中之阴
阴中之阳
阴中之至阴
以下哪项不属于阴阳中阴的属性
寒凉的
功能的
沉静的
抑制的
下列属于阴的属性是
向上的
温暖的
无形的
下降的
属于阴的属性有
发散
明亮
温煦
抑制
晦暗
四季的阴阳属性中冬天属于
阳中之阳
阳中之阴
阴中之阴
阴中之阳
阴中之至阴
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PartADirections:Readthe followingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABC orD．Text1 Itistheworld’sfourth-most-important foodcropaftermaizewheatandrice.Itprovidesmorecaloriesmorequickly usinglesslandandinawiderrangeofclimatesthananyOtherplant.Itisof Coursethepotato.TheUnitedNationshasdeclared2008 theInternationalYearofthePotato.Ithopesthatgreaterawarenessofthe meritsofpotatoeswillcontributetotheachievementofitsMillennium DevelopmentGoalsbyhelpingtoalleviatepovertyimprovefoodsecurityand promoteeconomicdevelopment.Itisalwaystheinternationalyearofthisor monthofthat.Butthepotato’sunusualhistorymeansitiswellworth celebratingbyreadersofTheEconomistbecausethepotatoisintertwinedwith economicdevelopmenttradeliberalisationandglobalisation. Unlikelythoughitseemsthepotatopromotedeconomicdevelopmentby underpinningtheindustrialrevolutioninEnglandinthe19thcentury.It providedacheapsourceofcaloriesandwaseasytocultivatesoitliberated workersfromtheland.PotatoesbecamepopularinthenorthofEnglandas peopletherespecialisedinlivestockfarminganddomesticindustrywhile farmersinthesouthwherethesoilwasmoresuitableconcentratedonwheat production.Byahappyaccidentthisconcentratedindustrialactivityinthe regionswherecoalwasreadilyavailableandapotato-drivenpopulationboom providedampleworkersforthenewfactories.FriedrichEngelsevendeclared thatthepotatowastheequalofironforitshistoricallyrevolutionaryrole. Thepotatopromotedfreetradebycontributingtothe abolitionofBritain’sCornLaws-thecausewhichpromptedthefoundingofThe Economistin1843.TheCornLawsrestrictedimportsofgrainintotheUnited Kingdominordertoprotectdomesticwheatproducers.Landownerssupportedthe lawssincecheapimportedgrainwouldreducetheirincomebutindustrialists opposedthembecauseimportswoulddrivedownthecostoffoodallowingpeople tospendmoreonmanufacturedgoods.Ultimatelyitwasnottheeloquenceofthe argumentsagainsttheCornLawsthatledtotheirabolition-andmore’sthepity. ItwasthetragedyoftheIrishpotatofamineof1845inwhich1millionIrish perishedwhenthepotatocroponwhichtheysubsistedsuccumbedtoblight.The needtoimportgraintorelievethesituationinIrelandforcedthegovernment whichwasdominatedbylandownerswhobackedtheCornLawstoreverseits position.Thispavedthewayforliberalisationinother areasandfreetradebecameBritishpolicy.AstheDukeofWellington complainedatthetimerottenpotatoeshavedoneitall. IntheformofFrenchfriesservedalongsideburgersandCoca-Cola potatoesarenowaniconofglobalisation.Thisisquiteaturnaroundgiventhe scepticismwhichfirstgreetedthemontheirarrivalintheOldWorldinthe 16thcentury.Spudswerevariouslythoughttocauseleprosytobefitonlyfor animalstobeassociatedwiththedevilortobepoisonous.Theytookholdin 18thcenturyEuropeonlywhenwarandfaminemeanttherewasnothingelseto eat;peoplethenrealisedjusthowversatileandreliabletheywere.AsAdam Smithoneofthepotato’smanyadmirersobservedatthetimeThevery generalusewhichismadeofpotatoesinthesekingdomsasfoodformanisa convincingproofthattheprejudicesofanationwithregardtodiethowever deeplyrootedarebynomeansunconquerable.Mashedfriedboiledandroast ahumbletuberchangedtheworldandfree-tradingglobaliserseverywhereshould celebrateit.WhywerepotatoesatlastacceptedbyEuropeans
Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choose thebestwordsforeachnumberedblank. Weakdollarorno$46000-theprice forasingleyearofundergraduateinstructionamidtheredbrickofHarvard Yard-is1Butnowadayscostis2 barriertoentryatmanyofAmerica’sbestuniversities.Formidable financial-assistancepolicieshave3feesorslashedthem deeplyforneedystudents.AndlastmonthHarvardannouncedanewplandesigned to4thesticker-shockforundergraduatesfrommiddleand evenupper-incomefamiliestoo.Sincethenotherrich Americanuniversitieshaveunveiled5initiatives. YaleHarvard’sbitterest6revealeditsplanson January14th.Studentswhosefamiliesmake7than$60000a yearwillpaynothingatall.Familiesearningupto$200000ayearwillhave topayanaverageof10%oftheirincomes.Theuniversitywill8 itsfinancial-assistancebudgetby43%toover$80m. Harvardwillhaveasimilararrangementforfamilies makingupto$180000.ThatmakesthepriceofgoingtoHarvardorYale 9toattendingastate-rununiversityformiddle-and upper-incomestudents.Theuniversitieswillalsonotrequireanystudentto takeout10topayfortheir11a policyintroducedbyPrincetonin2001andbytheUniversityofPennsylvania justafterHarvard’s12.Noapplicantwhogainsadmission officialssayshouldfeel13togoelsewherebecauseheor shecan’taffordthefees.Noneofthatisquiteas altruisticasitsounds.HarvardandYaleareafterallnowlikelytolure morestudentsawayfrompreviously14optionsparticularly state-rununiversities15theiralreadyimpressive admissionsfiguresandreputations.Theschemesalso providea16forstructuringuniversityfeesinwhichhigh pricesforrichstudentshelpoffsetmodestpricesforpooreronesandfamilies areless17onfederalgrantsandgovernment-backedloans. Lesswealthyprivatecollegeswhosefeesarehighwill notbeableto18HarvardorYaleeasily.ButAmerica’s state-rununiversitieswhichhavetraditionallykepttheirfeeslowandstable mightwelltryadifferentiated19schemeastheyraise cashtocompeteacademicallywiththeirprivate20. IndeedtheUniversityofCaliforniasystemhasalreadystartedtoimplementa sliding-feescale.
Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choose thebestwordsforeachnumberedblank. Weakdollarorno$46000-theprice forasingleyearofundergraduateinstructionamidtheredbrickofHarvard Yard-is1Butnowadayscostis2 barriertoentryatmanyofAmerica’sbestuniversities.Formidable financial-assistancepolicieshave3feesorslashedthem deeplyforneedystudents.AndlastmonthHarvardannouncedanewplandesigned to4thesticker-shockforundergraduatesfrommiddleand evenupper-incomefamiliestoo.Sincethenotherrich Americanuniversitieshaveunveiled5initiatives. YaleHarvard’sbitterest6revealeditsplanson January14th.Studentswhosefamiliesmake7than$60000a yearwillpaynothingatall.Familiesearningupto$200000ayearwillhave topayanaverageof10%oftheirincomes.Theuniversitywill8 itsfinancial-assistancebudgetby43%toover$80m. Harvardwillhaveasimilararrangementforfamilies makingupto$180000.ThatmakesthepriceofgoingtoHarvardorYale 9toattendingastate-rununiversityformiddle-and upper-incomestudents.Theuniversitieswillalsonotrequireanystudentto takeout10topayfortheir11a policyintroducedbyPrincetonin2001andbytheUniversityofPennsylvania justafterHarvard’s12.Noapplicantwhogainsadmission officialssayshouldfeel13togoelsewherebecauseheor shecan’taffordthefees.Noneofthatisquiteas altruisticasitsounds.HarvardandYaleareafterallnowlikelytolure morestudentsawayfrompreviously14optionsparticularly state-rununiversities15theiralreadyimpressive admissionsfiguresandreputations.Theschemesalso providea16forstructuringuniversityfeesinwhichhigh pricesforrichstudentshelpoffsetmodestpricesforpooreronesandfamilies areless17onfederalgrantsandgovernment-backedloans. Lesswealthyprivatecollegeswhosefeesarehighwill notbeableto18HarvardorYaleeasily.ButAmerica’s state-rununiversitieswhichhavetraditionallykepttheirfeeslowandstable mightwelltryadifferentiated19schemeastheyraise cashtocompeteacademicallywiththeirprivate20. IndeedtheUniversityofCaliforniasystemhasalreadystartedtoimplementa sliding-feescale.
SN1反应活性A．异丙基氯B．苄基氯C．丙烯基氯D．对-甲氧基苄基氯
PartADirections:Readthe followingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABC orD．Text1 Itistheworld’sfourth-most-important foodcropaftermaizewheatandrice.Itprovidesmorecaloriesmorequickly usinglesslandandinawiderrangeofclimatesthananyOtherplant.Itisof Coursethepotato.TheUnitedNationshasdeclared2008 theInternationalYearofthePotato.Ithopesthatgreaterawarenessofthe meritsofpotatoeswillcontributetotheachievementofitsMillennium DevelopmentGoalsbyhelpingtoalleviatepovertyimprovefoodsecurityand promoteeconomicdevelopment.Itisalwaystheinternationalyearofthisor monthofthat.Butthepotato’sunusualhistorymeansitiswellworth celebratingbyreadersofTheEconomistbecausethepotatoisintertwinedwith economicdevelopmenttradeliberalisationandglobalisation. Unlikelythoughitseemsthepotatopromotedeconomicdevelopmentby underpinningtheindustrialrevolutioninEnglandinthe19thcentury.It providedacheapsourceofcaloriesandwaseasytocultivatesoitliberated workersfromtheland.PotatoesbecamepopularinthenorthofEnglandas peopletherespecialisedinlivestockfarminganddomesticindustrywhile farmersinthesouthwherethesoilwasmoresuitableconcentratedonwheat production.Byahappyaccidentthisconcentratedindustrialactivityinthe regionswherecoalwasreadilyavailableandapotato-drivenpopulationboom providedampleworkersforthenewfactories.FriedrichEngelsevendeclared thatthepotatowastheequalofironforitshistoricallyrevolutionaryrole. Thepotatopromotedfreetradebycontributingtothe abolitionofBritain’sCornLaws-thecausewhichpromptedthefoundingofThe Economistin1843.TheCornLawsrestrictedimportsofgrainintotheUnited Kingdominordertoprotectdomesticwheatproducers.Landownerssupportedthe lawssincecheapimportedgrainwouldreducetheirincomebutindustrialists opposedthembecauseimportswoulddrivedownthecostoffoodallowingpeople tospendmoreonmanufacturedgoods.Ultimatelyitwasnottheeloquenceofthe argumentsagainsttheCornLawsthatledtotheirabolition-andmore’sthepity. ItwasthetragedyoftheIrishpotatofamineof1845inwhich1millionIrish perishedwhenthepotatocroponwhichtheysubsistedsuccumbedtoblight.The needtoimportgraintorelievethesituationinIrelandforcedthegovernment whichwasdominatedbylandownerswhobackedtheCornLawstoreverseits position.Thispavedthewayforliberalisationinother areasandfreetradebecameBritishpolicy.AstheDukeofWellington complainedatthetimerottenpotatoeshavedoneitall. IntheformofFrenchfriesservedalongsideburgersandCoca-Cola potatoesarenowaniconofglobalisation.Thisisquiteaturnaroundgiventhe scepticismwhichfirstgreetedthemontheirarrivalintheOldWorldinthe 16thcentury.Spudswerevariouslythoughttocauseleprosytobefitonlyfor animalstobeassociatedwiththedevilortobepoisonous.Theytookholdin 18thcenturyEuropeonlywhenwarandfaminemeanttherewasnothingelseto eat;peoplethenrealisedjusthowversatileandreliabletheywere.AsAdam Smithoneofthepotato’smanyadmirersobservedatthetimeThevery generalusewhichismadeofpotatoesinthesekingdomsasfoodformanisa convincingproofthattheprejudicesofanationwithregardtodiethowever deeplyrootedarebynomeansunconquerable.Mashedfriedboiledandroast ahumbletuberchangedtheworldandfree-tradingglobaliserseverywhereshould celebrateit.Accordingtothetextwhatarethefeaturesofpotatoes
以苯为原料运用付一克反应制备一烷基苯实验证明需用过量的苯其原因是
112-三甲基环丙烷与HBr加成的主要产物是
碱性 A．吡咯 B．嘧啶 C．四氢吡咯 D．吡啶
Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choose thebestwordsforeachnumberedblank. Weakdollarorno$46000-theprice forasingleyearofundergraduateinstructionamidtheredbrickofHarvard Yard-is1Butnowadayscostis2 barriertoentryatmanyofAmerica’sbestuniversities.Formidable financial-assistancepolicieshave3feesorslashedthem deeplyforneedystudents.AndlastmonthHarvardannouncedanewplandesigned to4thesticker-shockforundergraduatesfrommiddleand evenupper-incomefamiliestoo.Sincethenotherrich Americanuniversitieshaveunveiled5initiatives. YaleHarvard’sbitterest6revealeditsplanson January14th.Studentswhosefamiliesmake7than$60000a yearwillpaynothingatall.Familiesearningupto$200000ayearwillhave topayanaverageof10%oftheirincomes.Theuniversitywill8 itsfinancial-assistancebudgetby43%toover$80m. Harvardwillhaveasimilararrangementforfamilies makingupto$180000.ThatmakesthepriceofgoingtoHarvardorYale 9toattendingastate-rununiversityformiddle-and upper-incomestudents.Theuniversitieswillalsonotrequireanystudentto takeout10topayfortheir11a policyintroducedbyPrincetonin2001andbytheUniversityofPennsylvania justafterHarvard’s12.Noapplicantwhogainsadmission officialssayshouldfeel13togoelsewherebecauseheor shecan’taffordthefees.Noneofthatisquiteas altruisticasitsounds.HarvardandYaleareafterallnowlikelytolure morestudentsawayfrompreviously14optionsparticularly state-rununiversities15theiralreadyimpressive admissionsfiguresandreputations.Theschemesalso providea16forstructuringuniversityfeesinwhichhigh pricesforrichstudentshelpoffsetmodestpricesforpooreronesandfamilies areless17onfederalgrantsandgovernment-backedloans. Lesswealthyprivatecollegeswhosefeesarehighwill notbeableto18HarvardorYaleeasily.ButAmerica’s state-rununiversitieswhichhavetraditionallykepttheirfeeslowandstable mightwelltryadifferentiated19schemeastheyraise cashtocompeteacademicallywiththeirprivate20. IndeedtheUniversityofCaliforniasystemhasalreadystartedtoimplementa sliding-feescale.
Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choose thebestwordsforeachnumberedblank. Weakdollarorno$46000-theprice forasingleyearofundergraduateinstructionamidtheredbrickofHarvard Yard-is1Butnowadayscostis2 barriertoentryatmanyofAmerica’sbestuniversities.Formidable financial-assistancepolicieshave3feesorslashedthem deeplyforneedystudents.AndlastmonthHarvardannouncedanewplandesigned to4thesticker-shockforundergraduatesfrommiddleand evenupper-incomefamiliestoo.Sincethenotherrich Americanuniversitieshaveunveiled5initiatives. YaleHarvard’sbitterest6revealeditsplanson January14th.Studentswhosefamiliesmake7than$60000a yearwillpaynothingatall.Familiesearningupto$200000ayearwillhave topayanaverageof10%oftheirincomes.Theuniversitywill8 itsfinancial-assistancebudgetby43%toover$80m. Harvardwillhaveasimilararrangementforfamilies makingupto$180000.ThatmakesthepriceofgoingtoHarvardorYale 9toattendingastate-rununiversityformiddle-and upper-incomestudents.Theuniversitieswillalsonotrequireanystudentto takeout10topayfortheir11a policyintroducedbyPrincetonin2001andbytheUniversityofPennsylvania justafterHarvard’s12.Noapplicantwhogainsadmission officialssayshouldfeel13togoelsewherebecauseheor shecan’taffordthefees.Noneofthatisquiteas altruisticasitsounds.HarvardandYaleareafterallnowlikelytolure morestudentsawayfrompreviously14optionsparticularly state-rununiversities15theiralreadyimpressive admissionsfiguresandreputations.Theschemesalso providea16forstructuringuniversityfeesinwhichhigh pricesforrichstudentshelpoffsetmodestpricesforpooreronesandfamilies areless17onfederalgrantsandgovernment-backedloans. Lesswealthyprivatecollegeswhosefeesarehighwill notbeableto18HarvardorYaleeasily.ButAmerica’s state-rununiversitieswhichhavetraditionallykepttheirfeeslowandstable mightwelltryadifferentiated19schemeastheyraise cashtocompeteacademicallywiththeirprivate20. IndeedtheUniversityofCaliforniasystemhasalreadystartedtoimplementa sliding-feescale.
Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choose thebestwordsforeachnumberedblank. Weakdollarorno$46000-theprice forasingleyearofundergraduateinstructionamidtheredbrickofHarvard Yard-is1Butnowadayscostis2 barriertoentryatmanyofAmerica’sbestuniversities.Formidable financial-assistancepolicieshave3feesorslashedthem deeplyforneedystudents.AndlastmonthHarvardannouncedanewplandesigned to4thesticker-shockforundergraduatesfrommiddleand evenupper-incomefamiliestoo.Sincethenotherrich Americanuniversitieshaveunveiled5initiatives. YaleHarvard’sbitterest6revealeditsplanson January14th.Studentswhosefamiliesmake7than$60000a yearwillpaynothingatall.Familiesearningupto$200000ayearwillhave topayanaverageof10%oftheirincomes.Theuniversitywill8 itsfinancial-assistancebudgetby43%toover$80m. Harvardwillhaveasimilararrangementforfamilies makingupto$180000.ThatmakesthepriceofgoingtoHarvardorYale 9toattendingastate-rununiversityformiddle-and upper-incomestudents.Theuniversitieswillalsonotrequireanystudentto takeout10topayfortheir11a policyintroducedbyPrincetonin2001andbytheUniversityofPennsylvania justafterHarvard’s12.Noapplicantwhogainsadmission officialssayshouldfeel13togoelsewherebecauseheor shecan’taffordthefees.Noneofthatisquiteas altruisticasitsounds.HarvardandYaleareafterallnowlikelytolure morestudentsawayfrompreviously14optionsparticularly state-rununiversities15theiralreadyimpressive admissionsfiguresandreputations.Theschemesalso providea16forstructuringuniversityfeesinwhichhigh pricesforrichstudentshelpoffsetmodestpricesforpooreronesandfamilies areless17onfederalgrantsandgovernment-backedloans. Lesswealthyprivatecollegeswhosefeesarehighwill notbeableto18HarvardorYaleeasily.ButAmerica’s state-rununiversitieswhichhavetraditionallykepttheirfeeslowandstable mightwelltryadifferentiated19schemeastheyraise cashtocompeteacademicallywiththeirprivate20. IndeedtheUniversityofCaliforniasystemhasalreadystartedtoimplementa sliding-feescale.
Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choose thebestwordsforeachnumberedblank. Weakdollarorno$46000-theprice forasingleyearofundergraduateinstructionamidtheredbrickofHarvard Yard-is1Butnowadayscostis2 barriertoentryatmanyofAmerica’sbestuniversities.Formidable financial-assistancepolicieshave3feesorslashedthem deeplyforneedystudents.AndlastmonthHarvardannouncedanewplandesigned to4thesticker-shockforundergraduatesfrommiddleand evenupper-incomefamiliestoo.Sincethenotherrich Americanuniversitieshaveunveiled5initiatives. YaleHarvard’sbitterest6revealeditsplanson January14th.Studentswhosefamiliesmake7than$60000a yearwillpaynothingatall.Familiesearningupto$200000ayearwillhave topayanaverageof10%oftheirincomes.Theuniversitywill8 itsfinancial-assistancebudgetby43%toover$80m. Harvardwillhaveasimilararrangementforfamilies makingupto$180000.ThatmakesthepriceofgoingtoHarvardorYale 9toattendingastate-rununiversityformiddle-and upper-incomestudents.Theuniversitieswillalsonotrequireanystudentto takeout10topayfortheir11a policyintroducedbyPrincetonin2001andbytheUniversityofPennsylvania justafterHarvard’s12.Noapplicantwhogainsadmission officialssayshouldfeel13togoelsewherebecauseheor shecan’taffordthefees.Noneofthatisquiteas altruisticasitsounds.HarvardandYaleareafterallnowlikelytolure morestudentsawayfrompreviously14optionsparticularly state-rununiversities15theiralreadyimpressive admissionsfiguresandreputations.Theschemesalso providea16forstructuringuniversityfeesinwhichhigh pricesforrichstudentshelpoffsetmodestpricesforpooreronesandfamilies areless17onfederalgrantsandgovernment-backedloans. Lesswealthyprivatecollegeswhosefeesarehighwill notbeableto18HarvardorYaleeasily.ButAmerica’s state-rununiversitieswhichhavetraditionallykepttheirfeeslowandstable mightwelltryadifferentiated19schemeastheyraise cashtocompeteacademicallywiththeirprivate20. IndeedtheUniversityofCaliforniasystemhasalreadystartedtoimplementa sliding-feescale.
Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choose thebestwordsforeachnumberedblank. Weakdollarorno$46000-theprice forasingleyearofundergraduateinstructionamidtheredbrickofHarvard Yard-is1Butnowadayscostis2 barriertoentryatmanyofAmerica’sbestuniversities.Formidable financial-assistancepolicieshave3feesorslashedthem deeplyforneedystudents.AndlastmonthHarvardannouncedanewplandesigned to4thesticker-shockforundergraduatesfrommiddleand evenupper-incomefamiliestoo.Sincethenotherrich Americanuniversitieshaveunveiled5initiatives. YaleHarvard’sbitterest6revealeditsplanson January14th.Studentswhosefamiliesmake7than$60000a yearwillpaynothingatall.Familiesearningupto$200000ayearwillhave topayanaverageof10%oftheirincomes.Theuniversitywill8 itsfinancial-assistancebudgetby43%toover$80m. Harvardwillhaveasimilararrangementforfamilies makingupto$180000.ThatmakesthepriceofgoingtoHarvardorYale 9toattendingastate-rununiversityformiddle-and upper-incomestudents.Theuniversitieswillalsonotrequireanystudentto takeout10topayfortheir11a policyintroducedbyPrincetonin2001andbytheUniversityofPennsylvania justafterHarvard’s12.Noapplicantwhogainsadmission officialssayshouldfeel13togoelsewherebecauseheor shecan’taffordthefees.Noneofthatisquiteas altruisticasitsounds.HarvardandYaleareafterallnowlikelytolure morestudentsawayfrompreviously14optionsparticularly state-rununiversities15theiralreadyimpressive admissionsfiguresandreputations.Theschemesalso providea16forstructuringuniversityfeesinwhichhigh pricesforrichstudentshelpoffsetmodestpricesforpooreronesandfamilies areless17onfederalgrantsandgovernment-backedloans. Lesswealthyprivatecollegeswhosefeesarehighwill notbeableto18HarvardorYaleeasily.ButAmerica’s state-rununiversitieswhichhavetraditionallykepttheirfeeslowandstable mightwelltryadifferentiated19schemeastheyraise cashtocompeteacademicallywiththeirprivate20. IndeedtheUniversityofCaliforniasystemhasalreadystartedtoimplementa sliding-feescale.
PartADirections:Readthe followingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABC orD．Text1 Itistheworld’sfourth-most-important foodcropaftermaizewheatandrice.Itprovidesmorecaloriesmorequickly usinglesslandandinawiderrangeofclimatesthananyOtherplant.Itisof Coursethepotato.TheUnitedNationshasdeclared2008 theInternationalYearofthePotato.Ithopesthatgreaterawarenessofthe meritsofpotatoeswillcontributetotheachievementofitsMillennium DevelopmentGoalsbyhelpingtoalleviatepovertyimprovefoodsecurityand promoteeconomicdevelopment.Itisalwaystheinternationalyearofthisor monthofthat.Butthepotato’sunusualhistorymeansitiswellworth celebratingbyreadersofTheEconomistbecausethepotatoisintertwinedwith economicdevelopmenttradeliberalisationandglobalisation. Unlikelythoughitseemsthepotatopromotedeconomicdevelopmentby underpinningtheindustrialrevolutioninEnglandinthe19thcentury.It providedacheapsourceofcaloriesandwaseasytocultivatesoitliberated workersfromtheland.PotatoesbecamepopularinthenorthofEnglandas peopletherespecialisedinlivestockfarminganddomesticindustrywhile farmersinthesouthwherethesoilwasmoresuitableconcentratedonwheat production.Byahappyaccidentthisconcentratedindustrialactivityinthe regionswherecoalwasreadilyavailableandapotato-drivenpopulationboom providedampleworkersforthenewfactories.FriedrichEngelsevendeclared thatthepotatowastheequalofironforitshistoricallyrevolutionaryrole. Thepotatopromotedfreetradebycontributingtothe abolitionofBritain’sCornLaws-thecausewhichpromptedthefoundingofThe Economistin1843.TheCornLawsrestrictedimportsofgrainintotheUnited Kingdominordertoprotectdomesticwheatproducers.Landownerssupportedthe lawssincecheapimportedgrainwouldreducetheirincomebutindustrialists opposedthembecauseimportswoulddrivedownthecostoffoodallowingpeople tospendmoreonmanufacturedgoods.Ultimatelyitwasnottheeloquenceofthe argumentsagainsttheCornLawsthatledtotheirabolition-andmore’sthepity. ItwasthetragedyoftheIrishpotatofamineof1845inwhich1millionIrish perishedwhenthepotatocroponwhichtheysubsistedsuccumbedtoblight.The needtoimportgraintorelievethesituationinIrelandforcedthegovernment whichwasdominatedbylandownerswhobackedtheCornLawstoreverseits position.Thispavedthewayforliberalisationinother areasandfreetradebecameBritishpolicy.AstheDukeofWellington complainedatthetimerottenpotatoeshavedoneitall. IntheformofFrenchfriesservedalongsideburgersandCoca-Cola potatoesarenowaniconofglobalisation.Thisisquiteaturnaroundgiventhe scepticismwhichfirstgreetedthemontheirarrivalintheOldWorldinthe 16thcentury.Spudswerevariouslythoughttocauseleprosytobefitonlyfor animalstobeassociatedwiththedevilortobepoisonous.Theytookholdin 18thcenturyEuropeonlywhenwarandfaminemeanttherewasnothingelseto eat;peoplethenrealisedjusthowversatileandreliabletheywere.AsAdam Smithoneofthepotato’smanyadmirersobservedatthetimeThevery generalusewhichismadeofpotatoesinthesekingdomsasfoodformanisa convincingproofthattheprejudicesofanationwithregardtodiethowever deeplyrootedarebynomeansunconquerable.Mashedfriedboiledandroast ahumbletuberchangedtheworldandfree-tradingglobaliserseverywhereshould celebrateit.FriedrichEngelsdeclaredthatthepotatowastheequalofironforitshistoricallyrevolutionaryrolethenaccordingtothetextwhatdoesthishistoricallyrevolutionaryrolereferto
Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choose thebestwordsforeachnumberedblank. Weakdollarorno$46000-theprice forasingleyearofundergraduateinstructionamidtheredbrickofHarvard Yard-is1Butnowadayscostis2 barriertoentryatmanyofAmerica’sbestuniversities.Formidable financial-assistancepolicieshave3feesorslashedthem deeplyforneedystudents.AndlastmonthHarvardannouncedanewplandesigned to4thesticker-shockforundergraduatesfrommiddleand evenupper-incomefamiliestoo.Sincethenotherrich Americanuniversitieshaveunveiled5initiatives. YaleHarvard’sbitterest6revealeditsplanson January14th.Studentswhosefamiliesmake7than$60000a yearwillpaynothingatall.Familiesearningupto$200000ayearwillhave topayanaverageof10%oftheirincomes.Theuniversitywill8 itsfinancial-assistancebudgetby43%toover$80m. Harvardwillhaveasimilararrangementforfamilies makingupto$180000.ThatmakesthepriceofgoingtoHarvardorYale 9toattendingastate-rununiversityformiddle-and upper-incomestudents.Theuniversitieswillalsonotrequireanystudentto takeout10topayfortheir11a policyintroducedbyPrincetonin2001andbytheUniversityofPennsylvania justafterHarvard’s12.Noapplicantwhogainsadmission officialssayshouldfeel13togoelsewherebecauseheor shecan’taffordthefees.Noneofthatisquiteas altruisticasitsounds.HarvardandYaleareafterallnowlikelytolure morestudentsawayfrompreviously14optionsparticularly state-rununiversities15theiralreadyimpressive admissionsfiguresandreputations.Theschemesalso providea16forstructuringuniversityfeesinwhichhigh pricesforrichstudentshelpoffsetmodestpricesforpooreronesandfamilies areless17onfederalgrantsandgovernment-backedloans. Lesswealthyprivatecollegeswhosefeesarehighwill notbeableto18HarvardorYaleeasily.ButAmerica’s state-rununiversitieswhichhavetraditionallykepttheirfeeslowandstable mightwelltryadifferentiated19schemeastheyraise cashtocompeteacademicallywiththeirprivate20. IndeedtheUniversityofCaliforniasystemhasalreadystartedtoimplementa sliding-feescale.
下列哪个化合物能与
SE反应活性A．甲苯B．β-苯基乙酸乙酯C．苯甲酸乙酯D．氯苯
Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choose thebestwordsforeachnumberedblank. Weakdollarorno$46000-theprice forasingleyearofundergraduateinstructionamidtheredbrickofHarvard Yard-is1Butnowadayscostis2 barriertoentryatmanyofAmerica’sbestuniversities.Formidable financial-assistancepolicieshave3feesorslashedthem deeplyforneedystudents.AndlastmonthHarvardannouncedanewplandesigned to4thesticker-shockforundergraduatesfrommiddleand evenupper-incomefamiliestoo.Sincethenotherrich Americanuniversitieshaveunveiled5initiatives. YaleHarvard’sbitterest6revealeditsplanson January14th.Studentswhosefamiliesmake7than$60000a yearwillpaynothingatall.Familiesearningupto$200000ayearwillhave topayanaverageof10%oftheirincomes.Theuniversitywill8 itsfinancial-assistancebudgetby43%toover$80m. Harvardwillhaveasimilararrangementforfamilies makingupto$180000.ThatmakesthepriceofgoingtoHarvardorYale 9toattendingastate-rununiversityformiddle-and upper-incomestudents.Theuniversitieswillalsonotrequireanystudentto takeout10topayfortheir11a policyintroducedbyPrincetonin2001andbytheUniversityofPennsylvania justafterHarvard’s12.Noapplicantwhogainsadmission officialssayshouldfeel13togoelsewherebecauseheor shecan’taffordthefees.Noneofthatisquiteas altruisticasitsounds.HarvardandYaleareafterallnowlikelytolure morestudentsawayfrompreviously14optionsparticularly state-rununiversities15theiralreadyimpressive admissionsfiguresandreputations.Theschemesalso providea16forstructuringuniversityfeesinwhichhigh pricesforrichstudentshelpoffsetmodestpricesforpooreronesandfamilies areless17onfederalgrantsandgovernment-backedloans. Lesswealthyprivatecollegeswhosefeesarehighwill notbeableto18HarvardorYaleeasily.ButAmerica’s state-rununiversitieswhichhavetraditionallykepttheirfeeslowandstable mightwelltryadifferentiated19schemeastheyraise cashtocompeteacademicallywiththeirprivate20. IndeedtheUniversityofCaliforniasystemhasalreadystartedtoimplementa sliding-feescale.
Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choose thebestwordsforeachnumberedblank. Weakdollarorno$46000-theprice forasingleyearofundergraduateinstructionamidtheredbrickofHarvard Yard-is1Butnowadayscostis2 barriertoentryatmanyofAmerica’sbestuniversities.Formidable financial-assistancepolicieshave3feesorslashedthem deeplyforneedystudents.AndlastmonthHarvardannouncedanewplandesigned to4thesticker-shockforundergraduatesfrommiddleand evenupper-incomefamiliestoo.Sincethenotherrich Americanuniversitieshaveunveiled5initiatives. YaleHarvard’sbitterest6revealeditsplanson January14th.Studentswhosefamiliesmake7than$60000a yearwillpaynothingatall.Familiesearningupto$200000ayearwillhave topayanaverageof10%oftheirincomes.Theuniversitywill8 itsfinancial-assistancebudgetby43%toover$80m. Harvardwillhaveasimilararrangementforfamilies makingupto$180000.ThatmakesthepriceofgoingtoHarvardorYale 9toattendingastate-rununiversityformiddle-and upper-incomestudents.Theuniversitieswillalsonotrequireanystudentto takeout10topayfortheir11a policyintroducedbyPrincetonin2001andbytheUniversityofPennsylvania justafterHarvard’s12.Noapplicantwhogainsadmission officialssayshouldfeel13togoelsewherebecauseheor shecan’taffordthefees.Noneofthatisquiteas altruisticasitsounds.HarvardandYaleareafterallnowlikelytolure morestudentsawayfrompreviously14optionsparticularly state-rununiversities15theiralreadyimpressive admissionsfiguresandreputations.Theschemesalso providea16forstructuringuniversityfeesinwhichhigh pricesforrichstudentshelpoffsetmodestpricesforpooreronesandfamilies areless17onfederalgrantsandgovernment-backedloans. Lesswealthyprivatecollegeswhosefeesarehighwill notbeableto18HarvardorYaleeasily.ButAmerica’s state-rununiversitieswhichhavetraditionallykepttheirfeeslowandstable mightwelltryadifferentiated19schemeastheyraise cashtocompeteacademicallywiththeirprivate20. IndeedtheUniversityofCaliforniasystemhasalreadystartedtoimplementa sliding-feescale.
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