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已知向量,且 (1)求tanA的值; (2)求函数f(x)=cos2x+tanAsinx(x∈R)的值域.
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WhereisloveHowcanwefindloveThepastagesofmanhaveallbeencarefullylabeledbyanthropologists.DescriptionslikePaleolithicManNeolithicManetc.neatlysumupthewholeperiods.WhenthetimecomesforanthropologiststoturntheirattentiontothetwentiethcenturytheywillsurelychoosethelabelLeglessMan.Historiesofthetimewillgosomethinglikethis:inthetwentiethcenturypeopleforgothowtousetheirlegs.Menandwomenmovedaboutincarsbusesandtrainsfromaveryearlyage.Therewereliftsandescalatorsinalllargebuildingstopreventpeoplefromwalking.Thissituationwasforceduponearthdwellersofthattimebecauseofmileseachday.Butthesurprisingthingisthattheydidn’tusetheirlegsevenwhentheywentonholiday.Theybuiltcablerailwaysskiliftsandroadstothetopofeveryhugemountain.Allthebeautyspotsonearthweremarredbythepresenceoflargecarparks.Thefuturehistorybooksmightalsorecordthatweweredeprivedoftheuseofoureyes.Inourhurrytogetfromoneplacetoanotherwefailedtoseeanythingontheway.Airtravelgivesyouabird’seyeviewoftheworld—orevenlessifthewingoftheaircrafthappenstogetinyourway.Whenyoutravelbycarortrainablurredimageofthecountrysideconstantlysmearsthewindows.Cardriversinparticularareforeverobsessedwiththeurgetogoonandon:theyneverwanttostop.IsitthelureofthegreatmotorwaysorwhatAndasforseatravelithardlydeservesmention.Itisperfectlysummedupinthewordsoftheoldsong:IjoinedthenavytoseetheworldandwhatdidIseeIsawthesea.ThetypicaltwentiethcenturytraveleristhemanwhoalwayssaysI’vebeenthere.YoumentiontheremotestmostevocativeplacenamesintheworldlikeE1DoradoKabulIrkutskandsomeoneisboundtosayI’vebeenthere—meaningIdrovethroughitat100milesanhouronthewaytosomewhereelse.Whenyoutravelathighspeedthepresentmeansnothing:youlivemainlyinthefuturebecauseyouspendmostofyourtimelookingforwardtoarrivingatsomeotherplace.Butactualarrivalwhenitisachievedismeaningless.Youwanttomoveonagain.Bytravelinglikethisyoususpendallexperience;thepresentceasestobeareality:youmightjustaswellbedead.Thetraveleronfootontheotherhandlivesconstantlyinthepresent.Forhimtravelingandarrivingareoneandthesamething:hearrivessomewherewitheverystephemakes.Heexperiencesthepresentmomentwithhiseyeshisearsandthewholeofhisbody.Attheendofhisjourneyhefeelsadeliciousphysicalweariness.Heknowsthatsound.Satisfyingsleepwillbehis:thejustrewardofalltruetravelers.Anthropologistslabelnowadays’menLeglessbecause______.
WhereisloveHowcanwefindloveThepastagesofmanhaveallbeencarefullylabeledbyanthropologists.DescriptionslikePaleolithicManNeolithicManetc.neatlysumupthewholeperiods.WhenthetimecomesforanthropologiststoturntheirattentiontothetwentiethcenturytheywillsurelychoosethelabelLeglessMan.Historiesofthetimewillgosomethinglikethis:inthetwentiethcenturypeopleforgothowtousetheirlegs.Menandwomenmovedaboutincarsbusesandtrainsfromaveryearlyage.Therewereliftsandescalatorsinalllargebuildingstopreventpeoplefromwalking.Thissituationwasforceduponearthdwellersofthattimebecauseofmileseachday.Butthesurprisingthingisthattheydidn’tusetheirlegsevenwhentheywentonholiday.Theybuiltcablerailwaysskiliftsandroadstothetopofeveryhugemountain.Allthebeautyspotsonearthweremarredbythepresenceoflargecarparks.Thefuturehistorybooksmightalsorecordthatweweredeprivedoftheuseofoureyes.Inourhurrytogetfromoneplacetoanotherwefailedtoseeanythingontheway.Airtravelgivesyouabird’seyeviewoftheworld—orevenlessifthewingoftheaircrafthappenstogetinyourway.Whenyoutravelbycarortrainablurredimageofthecountrysideconstantlysmearsthewindows.Cardriversinparticularareforeverobsessedwiththeurgetogoonandon:theyneverwanttostop.IsitthelureofthegreatmotorwaysorwhatAndasforseatravelithardlydeservesmention.Itisperfectlysummedupinthewordsoftheoldsong:IjoinedthenavytoseetheworldandwhatdidIseeIsawthesea.ThetypicaltwentiethcenturytraveleristhemanwhoalwayssaysI’vebeenthere.YoumentiontheremotestmostevocativeplacenamesintheworldlikeE1DoradoKabulIrkutskandsomeoneisboundtosayI’vebeenthere—meaningIdrovethroughitat100milesanhouronthewaytosomewhereelse.Whenyoutravelathighspeedthepresentmeansnothing:youlivemainlyinthefuturebecauseyouspendmostofyourtimelookingforwardtoarrivingatsomeotherplace.Butactualarrivalwhenitisachievedismeaningless.Youwanttomoveonagain.Bytravelinglikethisyoususpendallexperience;thepresentceasestobeareality:youmightjustaswellbedead.Thetraveleronfootontheotherhandlivesconstantlyinthepresent.Forhimtravelingandarrivingareoneandthesamething:hearrivessomewherewitheverystephemakes.Heexperiencesthepresentmomentwithhiseyeshisearsandthewholeofhisbody.Attheendofhisjourneyhefeelsadeliciousphysicalweariness.Heknowsthatsound.Satisfyingsleepwillbehis:thejustrewardofalltruetravelers.Whatdoesabird’seyeviewmean
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WhereisloveHowcanwefindloveThepastagesofmanhaveallbeencarefullylabeledbyanthropologists.DescriptionslikePaleolithicManNeolithicManetc.neatlysumupthewholeperiods.WhenthetimecomesforanthropologiststoturntheirattentiontothetwentiethcenturytheywillsurelychoosethelabelLeglessMan.Historiesofthetimewillgosomethinglikethis:inthetwentiethcenturypeopleforgothowtousetheirlegs.Menandwomenmovedaboutincarsbusesandtrainsfromaveryearlyage.Therewereliftsandescalatorsinalllargebuildingstopreventpeoplefromwalking.Thissituationwasforceduponearthdwellersofthattimebecauseofmileseachday.Butthesurprisingthingisthattheydidn’tusetheirlegsevenwhentheywentonholiday.Theybuiltcablerailwaysskiliftsandroadstothetopofeveryhugemountain.Allthebeautyspotsonearthweremarredbythepresenceoflargecarparks.Thefuturehistorybooksmightalsorecordthatweweredeprivedoftheuseofoureyes.Inourhurrytogetfromoneplacetoanotherwefailedtoseeanythingontheway.Airtravelgivesyouabird’seyeviewoftheworld—orevenlessifthewingoftheaircrafthappenstogetinyourway.Whenyoutravelbycarortrainablurredimageofthecountrysideconstantlysmearsthewindows.Cardriversinparticularareforeverobsessedwiththeurgetogoonandon:theyneverwanttostop.IsitthelureofthegreatmotorwaysorwhatAndasforseatravelithardlydeservesmention.Itisperfectlysummedupinthewordsoftheoldsong:IjoinedthenavytoseetheworldandwhatdidIseeIsawthesea.ThetypicaltwentiethcenturytraveleristhemanwhoalwayssaysI’vebeenthere.YoumentiontheremotestmostevocativeplacenamesintheworldlikeE1DoradoKabulIrkutskandsomeoneisboundtosayI’vebeenthere—meaningIdrovethroughitat100milesanhouronthewaytosomewhereelse.Whenyoutravelathighspeedthepresentmeansnothing:youlivemainlyinthefuturebecauseyouspendmostofyourtimelookingforwardtoarrivingatsomeotherplace.Butactualarrivalwhenitisachievedismeaningless.Youwanttomoveonagain.Bytravelinglikethisyoususpendallexperience;thepresentceasestobeareality:youmightjustaswellbedead.Thetraveleronfootontheotherhandlivesconstantlyinthepresent.Forhimtravelingandarrivingareoneandthesamething:hearrivessomewherewitheverystephemakes.Heexperiencesthepresentmomentwithhiseyeshisearsandthewholeofhisbody.Attheendofhisjourneyhefeelsadeliciousphysicalweariness.Heknowsthatsound.Satisfyingsleepwillbehis:thejustrewardofalltruetravelers.Whydoestheauthorsaywearedeprivedoftheuseofoureyes
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Behindourhouseisthestartofafascinatingtrail小径.Thistrailisoneoftheoldroadsthatwindthroughuntoldmilesofforest.My36BeansandIwalkthetrailfrequently.NormallyBeanssniffsalongsidethetrailtofollowthesmellofadeertrackorexploresomecauseknownonlytohim. Beansisawhitedogquitehandsomeandverysmart.Henotonlyunderstandswhatwetellhimbutalsooftenmakessoundsasifheweretryingto37back. Onemorningwetookadifferentroutewhichledustoanunfamiliartrail.Iwassurethistrailwouldeventuallyleadustoourfamiliar38.Butno.Weseemedtobefaroffcourse.AftertwohoursIsuddenlyrealizedthatBeansprobably39thewayhome.SoIurged"Beanstakemehome."Herandownanewtrail.Butitmerelyledtoanintersection岔道口oftrails. Soonitbecame40thatweweregettingnowhere.Ibegantopicturetherestofthedayinthe41withoutfoodordrink.Wehadwalkedabouttenmiles.ButBeansseemedtotally42Thesniffingandexploringwasgoingwellforhim. Finallywe43acrossroadnearahighway.LadyLucksuggestedIshouldturnleft.Wedidand44reachedacottagebesideafield.Iknockedonthedoorandexplainedmysituationtoanoldman.Helaughedandthendroveushome. SinceouradventureI45thatBeansprobablyknewallalonghowtogethome. Hewasjusthavingtoomuchfanexploringnewtrails. 42
Behindourhouseisthestartofafascinatingtrail小径.Thistrailisoneoftheoldroadsthatwindthroughuntoldmilesofforest.My36BeansandIwalkthetrailfrequently.NormallyBeanssniffsalongsidethetrailtofollowthesmellofadeertrackorexploresomecauseknownonlytohim. Beansisawhitedogquitehandsomeandverysmart.Henotonlyunderstandswhatwetellhimbutalsooftenmakessoundsasifheweretryingto37back. Onemorningwetookadifferentroutewhichledustoanunfamiliartrail.Iwassurethistrailwouldeventuallyleadustoourfamiliar38.Butno.Weseemedtobefaroffcourse.AftertwohoursIsuddenlyrealizedthatBeansprobably39thewayhome.SoIurged"Beanstakemehome."Herandownanewtrail.Butitmerelyledtoanintersection岔道口oftrails. Soonitbecame40thatweweregettingnowhere.Ibegantopicturetherestofthedayinthe41withoutfoodordrink.Wehadwalkedabouttenmiles.ButBeansseemedtotally42Thesniffingandexploringwasgoingwellforhim. Finallywe43acrossroadnearahighway.LadyLucksuggestedIshouldturnleft.Wedidand44reachedacottagebesideafield.Iknockedonthedoorandexplainedmysituationtoanoldman.Helaughedandthendroveushome. SinceouradventureI45thatBeansprobablyknewallalonghowtogethome. Hewasjusthavingtoomuchfanexploringnewtrails. 38
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WhenIlivedinSpainsomeSpanishfriendsofminedecidedtovisitEnglandbycar.Beforetheylefttheyaskedmeforadviceabouthowtofindaccommodation.IsuggestedthattheyshouldstayatbedandbreakfasthousesbecausethiskindofaccommodationgivesaforeignvisitoragoodchancetospeakEnglishwiththefamily.Myfriendslistenedtomyadvicebuttheycamebackwithsomefunnystories.Wedidn’tstayatbedandbreakfasthousestheysaidbecausewefoundthatmostfamilieswereawayonholiday.Ithoughtthiswasstrange.FinallyIunderstoodwhathadhappened.MyfriendsspokelittleEnglishandtheythoughtVACANCIESmeantholidaysbecausetheSpanishwordforholidayisvacation.SotheydidnotgotohousewherethesignoutsidesaidVACANCIESwhichinEnglishmeanstherearefreerooms.ThenmyfriendswenttohousewherethesignsaidNOVACANCIESbecausetheythoughtthismeantthepeoplewhoownedthehousewerenotawayonholiday.Buttheyfoundthatthesehouseswereallfull.Asaresulttheystayedathotels!Welaughedaboutthisandaboutmistakesmyfriendsmadeinreadingothersigns.InSpanishthewordDIVERSIONmeansfun.InEnglishitmeansthatworkmenarerepairingtheroadandthatyoumusttakeadifferentroad.WhenmyfriendssawthewordDIVERSIONonaroadsigntheythoughttheyweregoingtohavefun.Insteadtheroadisblockedbyacrowd.Englishpeoplehaveproblemstoowhentheylearnforeignlanguages.OnceinPariswhensomeoneofferedmesomemorecoffeeIsaidThankyouinFrench.ImeantthatIwouldlikesomemore.Howevertomysurprisethecoffeepotwastakenaway!LaterIfoundoutthatThankyouinFrenchmeansNothankyou.IwassurprisedwhenthecoffeepotwastakenawaybecauseI______.
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Behindourhouseisthestartofafascinatingtrail小径.Thistrailisoneoftheoldroadsthatwindthroughuntoldmilesofforest.My36BeansandIwalkthetrailfrequently.NormallyBeanssniffsalongsidethetrailtofollowthesmellofadeertrackorexploresomecauseknownonlytohim. Beansisawhitedogquitehandsomeandverysmart.Henotonlyunderstandswhatwetellhimbutalsooftenmakessoundsasifheweretryingto37back. Onemorningwetookadifferentroutewhichledustoanunfamiliartrail.Iwassurethistrailwouldeventuallyleadustoourfamiliar38.Butno.Weseemedtobefaroffcourse.AftertwohoursIsuddenlyrealizedthatBeansprobably39thewayhome.SoIurged"Beanstakemehome."Herandownanewtrail.Butitmerelyledtoanintersection岔道口oftrails. Soonitbecame40thatweweregettingnowhere.Ibegantopicturetherestofthedayinthe41withoutfoodordrink.Wehadwalkedabouttenmiles.ButBeansseemedtotally42Thesniffingandexploringwasgoingwellforhim. Finallywe43acrossroadnearahighway.LadyLucksuggestedIshouldturnleft.Wedidand44reachedacottagebesideafield.Iknockedonthedoorandexplainedmysituationtoanoldman.Helaughedandthendroveushome. SinceouradventureI45thatBeansprobablyknewallalonghowtogethome. Hewasjusthavingtoomuchfanexploringnewtrails. 44
Behindourhouseisthestartofafascinatingtrail小径.Thistrailisoneoftheoldroadsthatwindthroughuntoldmilesofforest.My36BeansandIwalkthetrailfrequently.NormallyBeanssniffsalongsidethetrailtofollowthesmellofadeertrackorexploresomecauseknownonlytohim. Beansisawhitedogquitehandsomeandverysmart.Henotonlyunderstandswhatwetellhimbutalsooftenmakessoundsasifheweretryingto37back. Onemorningwetookadifferentroutewhichledustoanunfamiliartrail.Iwassurethistrailwouldeventuallyleadustoourfamiliar38.Butno.Weseemedtobefaroffcourse.AftertwohoursIsuddenlyrealizedthatBeansprobably39thewayhome.SoIurged"Beanstakemehome."Herandownanewtrail.Butitmerelyledtoanintersection岔道口oftrails. Soonitbecame40thatweweregettingnowhere.Ibegantopicturetherestofthedayinthe41withoutfoodordrink.Wehadwalkedabouttenmiles.ButBeansseemedtotally42Thesniffingandexploringwasgoingwellforhim. Finallywe43acrossroadnearahighway.LadyLucksuggestedIshouldturnleft.Wedidand44reachedacottagebesideafield.Iknockedonthedoorandexplainedmysituationtoanoldman.Helaughedandthendroveushome. SinceouradventureI45thatBeansprobablyknewallalonghowtogethome. Hewasjusthavingtoomuchfanexploringnewtrails. 36
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WhenIlivedinSpainsomeSpanishfriendsofminedecidedtovisitEnglandbycar.Beforetheylefttheyaskedmeforadviceabouthowtofindaccommodation.IsuggestedthattheyshouldstayatbedandbreakfasthousesbecausethiskindofaccommodationgivesaforeignvisitoragoodchancetospeakEnglishwiththefamily.Myfriendslistenedtomyadvicebuttheycamebackwithsomefunnystories.Wedidn’tstayatbedandbreakfasthousestheysaidbecausewefoundthatmostfamilieswereawayonholiday.Ithoughtthiswasstrange.FinallyIunderstoodwhathadhappened.MyfriendsspokelittleEnglishandtheythoughtVACANCIESmeantholidaysbecausetheSpanishwordforholidayisvacation.SotheydidnotgotohousewherethesignoutsidesaidVACANCIESwhichinEnglishmeanstherearefreerooms.ThenmyfriendswenttohousewherethesignsaidNOVACANCIESbecausetheythoughtthismeantthepeoplewhoownedthehousewerenotawayonholiday.Buttheyfoundthatthesehouseswereallfull.Asaresulttheystayedathotels!Welaughedaboutthisandaboutmistakesmyfriendsmadeinreadingothersigns.InSpanishthewordDIVERSIONmeansfun.InEnglishitmeansthatworkmenarerepairingtheroadandthatyoumusttakeadifferentroad.WhenmyfriendssawthewordDIVERSIONonaroadsigntheythoughttheyweregoingtohavefun.Insteadtheroadisblockedbyacrowd.Englishpeoplehaveproblemstoowhentheylearnforeignlanguages.OnceinPariswhensomeoneofferedmesomemorecoffeeIsaidThankyouinFrench.ImeantthatIwouldlikesomemore.Howevertomysurprisethecoffeepotwastakenaway!LaterIfoundoutthatThankyouinFrenchmeansNothankyou.IfyouseearoadsignthatsaysDiversionyouwill______.
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Behindourhouseisthestartofafascinatingtrail小径.Thistrailisoneoftheoldroadsthatwindthroughuntoldmilesofforest.My36BeansandIwalkthetrailfrequently.NormallyBeanssniffsalongsidethetrailtofollowthesmellofadeertrackorexploresomecauseknownonlytohim. Beansisawhitedogquitehandsomeandverysmart.Henotonlyunderstandswhatwetellhimbutalsooftenmakessoundsasifheweretryingto37back. Onemorningwetookadifferentroutewhichledustoanunfamiliartrail.Iwassurethistrailwouldeventuallyleadustoourfamiliar38.Butno.Weseemedtobefaroffcourse.AftertwohoursIsuddenlyrealizedthatBeansprobably39thewayhome.SoIurged"Beanstakemehome."Herandownanewtrail.Butitmerelyledtoanintersection岔道口oftrails. Soonitbecame40thatweweregettingnowhere.Ibegantopicturetherestofthedayinthe41withoutfoodordrink.Wehadwalkedabouttenmiles.ButBeansseemedtotally42Thesniffingandexploringwasgoingwellforhim. Finallywe43acrossroadnearahighway.LadyLucksuggestedIshouldturnleft.Wedidand44reachedacottagebesideafield.Iknockedonthedoorandexplainedmysituationtoanoldman.Helaughedandthendroveushome. SinceouradventureI45thatBeansprobablyknewallalonghowtogethome. Hewasjusthavingtoomuchfanexploringnewtrails. 40
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Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthatwhoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowonhighunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhavetofindwaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomefundamentalquestionsaboutthefuturework.ShouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenormShouldwenotratherencouragemanywaysforself-respectingpeopletoworkShouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselvesratherthanforanemployerShouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhoodaswellasthefactoryandtheofficeascentersofproductionandworkTheindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople’sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanendandsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.Butinfactitcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemploymentasitshistoryshowshasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseofthelandandthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople’shomes.Laterastransportimprovedfirstbyrailandthenbyroadpeoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntileventuallymanypeople’sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylive.Meanwhileemploymentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpreindustrialtimesmenandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemploymentleavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamiliestohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtodayandrestrictmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofworkyoungpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded—aproblemnowasmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalcrea-tingjobsforalltotheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs.Whatdoestheworddauntinginthethirdparagraphmean
Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthatwhoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowonhighunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhavetofindwaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomefundamentalquestionsaboutthefuturework.ShouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenormShouldwenotratherencouragemanywaysforself-respectingpeopletoworkShouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselvesratherthanforanemployerShouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhoodaswellasthefactoryandtheofficeascentersofproductionandworkTheindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople’sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanendandsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.Butinfactitcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemploymentasitshistoryshowshasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseofthelandandthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople’shomes.Laterastransportimprovedfirstbyrailandthenbyroadpeoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntileventuallymanypeople’sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylive.Meanwhileemploymentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpreindustrialtimesmenandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemploymentleavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamiliestohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtodayandrestrictmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofworkyoungpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded—aproblemnowasmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalcrea-tingjobsforalltotheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTmentionedasafactorcontributingtothespreadofemployment
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