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国家统考科目《填空》真题及答案
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Directions: ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2. Beingagoodparentishardernowthatithaseverbeenbefore.Inpressurizedmodernlivesdemandstobeafulfilledindividualandagoodpartnerandagoodworkertakenoaccountofbeingagoodparent.46Wehaven’tleftspaceforthenurturingparentstocarefortheirchildrenandprovidethekindofcarethattheirchildrenneedresultinginthefactthatmanyfamiliesinthewesternworldjustdon’twork. Mostofushaveabitofyearningforatablefullofchildrendescendingneatlyinsizetheolderoneshelpingtheyoungerones.Let’scontrolournostalgia:that"traditionalfamily"hadmanyfaultsnotleastintherolesitimposedonfemales.47Theproblemisthatinthelastgenerationorsowe’vecometoassumethatwomenshouldbeableandwanttodoeverythingthatbothmenandwomenhavedonebytradition.Andit’sjustnotpossible.Indeedsinceadoptingamaleagendainlifeisprobablyonlyanotherformofthetraditionalethicsthatmenaresuperiortowomenquiteanumberofhighlyeducatedandeconomicallyprivilegedwomenarenowoptingtotakecareerbreakssoastobeathomewiththeirchildrenforlongerthanthe18weeks. Havingchildren--especiallythefirstchild--putsabiggerstrainonacouple’srelationshipthananythingelsetheyeverdo.48Facingtheever-enormousstresscausedbythekidssomewhostaytogetheremergestrongerandricherbutnumerouscouplesneverrecoverfromthestrain.Parentsareoftendividedatmanyaspectsofchildnurturingsuchasearlyeducationandhabitforming.49Soafutureofsmallerfamiliesandmorepeoplechoosingnottohavechildrenatallcouldwellleavecouplescloserthantheyaretoday;formanythepurposeofbeingtogetherwouldbesolelytopleasureandsupporteachother--aninterestingprospect.Let’shopepeopleinthefuturewillonlyhavechildreniftheyreallywantthem.Andthatshouldmeansomethingthatisseenasamuchmorepositivecommitmentthanitisnowandthatparentsaresociallysupportedandadmiredfordoingagoodjob. 50Thewholepointofmarriageisthatitimposesclearobligationsnotjusttherighttopursueyourownhappinessthemainpartofwhichistoprovidebothemotionalandpracticalnurtureforchildren.Childrendemandsacrificeandaltruismalong-terminvestmentofparentaltimeandmoney.Ofcoursethehighestrewardthatparentsexpectistoseetheirchildrendevelopandbecomeusefultalentsforthesociety. Theproblemisthatinthelastgenerationorsowe’vecometoassumethatwomenshouldbeableandwanttodoeverythingthatbothmenandwomenhavedonebytradition.
Directions: YobuhavearrangedteapartyandhaveinvitedyourfriendTom/Mary.Butnowyouhavesomethingurgentandyouhavetoputtheteapartyoffandsetanewdate.ThenyouhavetowriteanotetoTom/Marytoapologizeandarrangeanotherdate. Imaginesomedetailsaboutthereasonandthenewarrangement.Writeyournoteinnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use"LiMing"instead. Donotwritetheaddress.
Directions: ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2. Beingagoodparentishardernowthatithaseverbeenbefore.Inpressurizedmodernlivesdemandstobeafulfilledindividualandagoodpartnerandagoodworkertakenoaccountofbeingagoodparent.46Wehaven’tleftspaceforthenurturingparentstocarefortheirchildrenandprovidethekindofcarethattheirchildrenneedresultinginthefactthatmanyfamiliesinthewesternworldjustdon’twork. Mostofushaveabitofyearningforatablefullofchildrendescendingneatlyinsizetheolderoneshelpingtheyoungerones.Let’scontrolournostalgia:that"traditionalfamily"hadmanyfaultsnotleastintherolesitimposedonfemales.47Theproblemisthatinthelastgenerationorsowe’vecometoassumethatwomenshouldbeableandwanttodoeverythingthatbothmenandwomenhavedonebytradition.Andit’sjustnotpossible.Indeedsinceadoptingamaleagendainlifeisprobablyonlyanotherformofthetraditionalethicsthatmenaresuperiortowomenquiteanumberofhighlyeducatedandeconomicallyprivilegedwomenarenowoptingtotakecareerbreakssoastobeathomewiththeirchildrenforlongerthanthe18weeks. Havingchildren--especiallythefirstchild--putsabiggerstrainonacouple’srelationshipthananythingelsetheyeverdo.48Facingtheever-enormousstresscausedbythekidssomewhostaytogetheremergestrongerandricherbutnumerouscouplesneverrecoverfromthestrain.Parentsareoftendividedatmanyaspectsofchildnurturingsuchasearlyeducationandhabitforming.49Soafutureofsmallerfamiliesandmorepeoplechoosingnottohavechildrenatallcouldwellleavecouplescloserthantheyaretoday;formanythepurposeofbeingtogetherwouldbesolelytopleasureandsupporteachother--aninterestingprospect.Let’shopepeopleinthefuturewillonlyhavechildreniftheyreallywantthem.Andthatshouldmeansomethingthatisseenasamuchmorepositivecommitmentthanitisnowandthatparentsaresociallysupportedandadmiredfordoingagoodjob. 50Thewholepointofmarriageisthatitimposesclearobligationsnotjusttherighttopursueyourownhappinessthemainpartofwhichistoprovidebothemotionalandpracticalnurtureforchildren.Childrendemandsacrificeandaltruismalong-terminvestmentofparentaltimeandmoney.Ofcoursethehighestrewardthatparentsexpectistoseetheirchildrendevelopandbecomeusefultalentsforthesociety. Soafutureofsmallerfamiliesandmorepeoplechoosingnottohavechildrenatallcouldwellleavecouplescloserthantheyaretoday;formanythepurposeofbeingtogetherwouldbesolelytopleasureandsupporteachother--aninterestingprospect.
Directions: Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41--45youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA--Gtofillineachnumberedbox.ThefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.[ A]Butsoonthesettlerswantedbiggerfarmsandmorelandforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.MoreandmoreimmigrantswerecomingfromEuropeandallthesepeopleneededland.SotheEuropeansstartedtotakethelandfromtheIndians.TheIndianshadtomovebackintothecenterofthecontinentbecausethesettlersweretakingalltheirland. [B]By1857theIndianshadlostthefight:theywerelivinginspecialplacescalled"reservations".ButevenheretheWhiteMantooklandfromthem--perhapshewantedthewoodorperhapsthelandhadimportantmineralsinitorheevenwantedtomakenationalparksthere.SoevenontheirreservationstheIndianswerenotsafefromtheWhiteMan.Between1500and1900theIndianpopulationoftheareathatisnowtheUnitedStatesdeclinedfromcloseto1000000to300000.andforthoseremainedtheagonywasgreat.Manywereforcedtotakelandinnewandstrangeplaces.Theywereintroducedtonewtoolsimplementsandtechniques.Theywereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflife. [C]In1960sIndiansmovedingreatnumberstothenation’scities.ManyIndiansmovedintopovertyrows.Itwashardforthemtofindjobs.Itwashard--almostimpossible--tocompetewiththeWhiteManinthewhiteman’sworld.ManyIndiansreturnedtothereservations.Butifthereservationshadbeenbrokenuptherewasnoplacetogo.ThegapbetweenIndianAmericanandwhiteAmericanwasgrowingwider. [D]ThenativeAmericansthepeoplewecallthe"Indians"hadbeeninAmericaformanythousandsofyearsbeforeChristopherColumbusarrivedin1492.ColumbusthoughthehadarrivedinIndiasohecalledthenativePeople"Indians".TheIndianswerekindtotheearlysettlers.Theywerenotafraidofthemandtheywantedtohelpthem.Theyshowedthesettlersthenewworldaroundthem;theytaughtthemaboutthelocalcropslikesweetpotatoescornandpeanuts;theyintroducedtheEuropeanstochocolateandtotheturkey;andtheEuropeansdidbusinesswiththeIndians. [E]TheIndianscouldn’tunderstandthis.TheyhadaverydifferentideaoflandfromtheEuropeans.FortheIndiansthelandtheearthwastheirmothereverythingcamefromtheirmotherthelandandeverythingwentbacktoit.Thelandwasforeveryoneanditwasimpossibleforonemantoownit.HowcouldtheWhiteMandividetheearthintopartsHowcouldheputfencesrounditbuyitandsellitNaturallywhentheWhiteManstartedtakingalltheIndians’landtheIndiansstartedtofightback.TheywantedtokeeptheirlandtheywanttostoptheWhiteMantakingitallforhimself.ButtheWhiteManwasstrongerandclever.SlowlyhepushedtheIndiansintothosepartsofthecontinentthathedidn’twant--thepartswhereitwastoocoldortoodryortoomountainoustolivecomfortably. [F]MeanwhiletheIndianshavebeenworkinghardintheirowninterests.Theyarebuildingnewcommunitiesestablishingnewindustriesanderectingnewschools.Theyaredevelopingmotelsandotherrecreationalschemesonthereservations.ThereisagrowingPan-IndianGovernment.Indianshavebecomeactiveinwritingandpublishing.Sometribeshavebenefitedthroughsettlementoftheirlandorotherclaimsagainstthegovernment.Theyareusingthefundsfortheirowndevelopment.PerhapsanewdayhasalreadydawnedfortheAmericanIndians. [G]Manyoftheirtribeswereresettledonreservationsinthewest.ThelandbelongedtotheUnitedStatesGovernmentbutwasreservedtax-freefortheIndians.Thefederalgovernmentprovidedthetribeswithrationstoolsandequipment.Boardinganddayschoolsweresetup.Inmanycasesresponsibleagentsweresenttoadministerthereservations.ButthechangefromafreelifetotherestrictedlifeofreservationsbroughttheIndiansneardespair.Theydidnotchangeeasily. 45
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