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Text 3 On a weekday night this January, thousands of flag-waving youths packed Olaya Street, Ri...
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Thecentreisopenfrom9a.m.to6onweekdaysowecangothere
Myfatherusuallyworksverylate. A.onnight B.innigh
Theboylivesinavillage_____therearenoschools.Thushe
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Heisverytired.Heneeds.A.anightrestB.arestnightC.an
返回字符表达式中值的总和的函数为
Weekday(date)
Hour(date)
Date( )
Sum
Thehighjumpisthefirstintheafternoon. A.event B.e
以下程序的输出结果是enumweekdaysun=7mon=1tuewedthufrisatmain
tuesday=2 sunday=7;tuesday=2 sunday=7;1 2 3 4 5 6 7
tuesday=2 sunday=7;tuesday=9 sunday=3;1 2 3 4 5 6 7
tuesday=0 sunday=7;tuesday=2 sunday=3;1 2 3 4 5 6 7
tuesday=1 sunday=2;tuesday=3 sunday=4;1 2 3 4 5 6 7
—_______classesdoyouhaveeveryweekday?—Sevenclasses
How many
How much
How long
How often
Iwouldlovetoworkonweekday.
WehaveanEnglishclasseveryweekday.用now改写句子 WeanEn
Didshedoherhomeworklastnightatseveno'clocklastnigh
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Thebabycontinuedtocry. A.allnight B.thenightwhol
Mymotheralwaysgoestobedverylate.A.innight B.inthen
Withoutthegamesheexpectsthebar'sweekdaysalesto____
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put back
drop out
cut out
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8:00
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Amurderwouldmostlikelyoccur_____.
on a weekend night in summer
on a weekend afternoon in summer
on a weekend night in winter
on a weekday afternoon in spring
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5
4
3
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Therehasarisenduringthistwentiethcenturyasitarosebeforeinageswhichweliketocalldarkapronouncedantiintellectualismafeelingthatbothstudiesandliteraturearenotmerelyvainbutalso1untrustworthy.Withpeopleswayedbythiswrong2thatthereislittleuseinarguingeitherforhistoryorliteratureorforpoetryormusicorforthearts3. Withothersthereisstillfaiththatanycivilizationworthyofthenamemustbe4inaceaselesspursuitoftruth.Whethertruthis5throughstudyorthroughtheartsmakesnodifference.Anypursuitoftruthisnotonly6;itisthefoundationstoneofcivilization. The7forandreadingofhistoryisoneofthoseapproachestotruth.Itisonlyonesalltheartsandsciencesaresuch8.Allhavetheirplace;allaregood;andeach9withtheother.Theyarenotairtightcompartments.Itisonlyinafewinstitutionssubjectedto10misinformationthateventsliketheIndustrialRevolutionare11entirelytothehistoriansthesocialscientistsorthephysicalscientists.Onlywithinthepasthundredyearshavehistorians12thatwhatpeoplehavedoneinliteratureandartisapartoftheirhistory.BookslikeUncleTom’sCabinhavethemselveshelpedto13history. Evenatthemomentwhenscientific14becomesmoreandmorespecializedandthehistorianconcentratesmoreandmorefiercelyonperiodsand15itisbecomingmore16tothelaymanthatallthisispartofonewhole.Evenonan17whentextbooksarebeingwrittentointroducetothetheoreticalphysicisthiscolleagueswhoareworkingaschemistsorengineersonperhapsthesameproblemthelaymanisfarenough18fromallthisspecializationtoseethewholepossiblyevenmoreclearlythandothe19.Betweenhistorybiographytheartsandsciencesandevenjournalismwhocoulddrawairtight20Notlaymen.Isnotyesterday’snewspaperhistoryandmayitnotbecomeliterature Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCarDonANSWERSHEET1.6
Text3 Couldmoneycuresickhealth-caresystemsinBritainwhichwillbetheplacetolookforproofin2003.TheNationalHealthServiceNHSwhichoffersfreehealthcarefinancedbytaxesisreceivinganemergencyno-expense-sparedinjectionofcash.By2007totalhealthspendinginBritainwillreachover9%ofGDP--thesameshareFrancehadwhenitwasratedtheworld’sbesthealthservicebytheWorldHealthOrganizationin2000. TheLaborgovernment’sresponsewasnottoconductafundamentalreviewabouthowbesttoreformhealthcareforthe21stcentury.Ratheritconcludedthatshortageofmoneynottheformoffinancingorprovisionwasthemainproblem.In2002GordonBrownthepowerfulchancelloroftheexchequerusedareviewoftheNHS’sfuturefinancingrequirementstorejectalternativefundingmodelsthatwouldallowpatientstosignupwithcompetinginsurersandsoexercisegreatercontrolovertheirownhealthcare. AlanMilburnthehealthministerhasmadesometentativestepsbacktowardstheinternalmarketintroducedbytheConservativegovernment.Itmeansthatadozentop-rankinghospitalswillalsohavebeengivengreaterfreedomtoruntheirownaffairs.Howeverthesereformswillnotdeliverrealconsumerpowertopatients. AsaresultthereturnonthemoneypouringintotheNHSlookssettobedisappointinglymeager.Alreadythereareworryingsignsthatmuchofthecashcascadewillbesoakedupinhigherpayandshorterhoursforstaffandbearlittlerelationtoextraeffortproductivityandquality.Someimprovementswilloccurbutfarlessthanmightbeexpectedfromsuchafinancialwindfall. Health-caresystemsinthedevelopedworldshareacommonhistoryarguesDavidCutleratHarvardUniversity.Firstgovernmentsfoundedgenerousuniversalsystemsafterthesecondworldwar.Withfewcontrolsoverthedemandformedicalcareoritssupplycoststhenspiraledup.Startinginthe1980stherewasadrivetocontainexpenditureoftenthroughcrudeconstraintsonmedicalbudgetswhichrancountertorisingpatientexpectationsNowthisstrategyhasrunitscourse:athirdwaveofreformsisunderwaytoincreaseefficiencyandrestraindemandthroughcost-sharingbetweeninsurersandpatients.Viewedfromthisperspectivethegovernment’splantoshowercashonalargelyunreformedNHSlooksanomalous.ButbeforemorefundamentalchangecanbecontemplatedinBritaintheoldsystemmustbeshowntobeincapableofcurethroughmoney.Thisharshlessonislikelytobelearntasearlyas2003. TheviewsofAlanMilburnandDavidCulteronthereformsofhealth-caresystemsare
Text4 Duringthe1990sboomDellComputer’scustomersgothookedonspeed.Mostwerewillingtopayapremiumtohavetheircomputersshippedbyovernightairexpress.Buttodaytheequationhasflipped.Customersprizecostsavingsoverspeed."NowmostofourcomputersintheU.S.areshippedontheground--andwecanstillreachjustabouteveryonewithintwodays"saysFredMontoyaDell’svice-presidentforworldwidelogistics. Expressairshippingisn’tinadeathspiral.Butrecession-spookedconsumersandmanufacturersarelesswillingtopayforovernightdeliverywhichisthreetofivetimesmoreexpensivethangroundshipping.Evenwhentheypaysatisfactionisnotguaranteed.AfterSeptember11thsecurityscrutinyofairfreightcanresultinlongdelays-whichmeansroadsmayactuallybefaster.That’sanotherreasonwhythenumberofpackagesshippedbyairdomesticallyfell7.6%in2001.Andevenwiththerecoveryunderwayair-expressvolumeisforecasttoreboundbyjust3%thisyear."There’samassmigrationfromairtotrucks"saysJerryLevymarketingdirectorforairshipperBaxGlobalInc. Theindustry’sgiantsarereadytorollwiththechange.InthepastseveralyearsFe-dExandUPShaverebuilttheirgroundnetworksasaseriesofregionalhubsabletodelivermostpackagesovernightwithina700-mileradius."Nowwecanmoveapackageinthemostexpedientway-groundorairoracombinationofboth"saysTomWeidemeyerUPS’chiefoperatingofficerandpresidentofitsairlineunit.Newtechnologies--includingbarcodingsatellitetrackingonlinebillingandstatus--areeasingthetransition.Evenimpatientcustomersarewillingtodowithoutovernightdelivery"iftheyknowwhenashipmentwillarrive"notesBrianClancyaprincipalatindustryconsultantMerge-GlobalInc. ThegroundingofsomuchfreightissolidifyingtheleadofUPSandFedEx."We’reabletokeepbusinessinthefamilythatwemighthavelost"saysWilliamMargaritisFedEx’scorporatevice-presidentforworldwidecommunications.Hiscompanyhasinvested$700millioninanewground-deliverynetworkwhiledeferringthedeliveryof123aircraft.AndstrictnewsecurityrequirementshaveforcedthepassengerairlinestostopcarryingpackagesfortheU.S.PostalServicenotesRichardLungdirectorofrevenuemanagementatUnitedAirlinesInc.’scargounit.Andsmallshipperswhetherairortrucklackthecapitaltobuildhybridnetworks."Wegotcaughtwithourpantsdown"saysLevyofBaxGlobalwhichaddedaground-deliveryunitin2000.Slowandsteadyreallydoeswintherace. AfterSeptember11thlongdelaysofexpressairshippingoftenarisebecauseof
Text1 Penny-pinchingconsumersandfiercepricewarsarebadnewsforthetravelindustry.Badthatisforeveryoneexcepttheboomingonlinetravelgiants.Considerthesharpreboundofsuchon-lineplayersasTravelocityandExpedia.WhiletheysufferedinthewakeoftheSeptember11thterroristattackswithbookingsoffasmuchas70%intheweeksthatfollowedbusinesshassnappedback."Thespeedwithwhichthosebusinessesbouncedbacksurprisedeventhepeoplemostbullishaboutthesector"saysMitchellJ.RubinamoneymanageratNewYork-basedBaronCapitalaninvestorinon-linetravelstocks. Thetravelindustry’spainisoftentheon-lineindustry’sgainassupplierspushmorediscountedairlineseatsandhotelroomstowinbackcustomers.Andmanyofthosedealsareavailableonlyondine.Atthesametimeon-lineagenciesrelyprimarilyonleisuretravelerswheretraffichasreboundedmorequicklythanonthebusinessside. ThetwobiggestplayersTravelocityCom.Inc.andExpediaInc.arelockedincombatforthetopspot.Bothsoldsome$3billionworthoftravellastyearthoughExpediatoppedTravelocityinthefourthquarteringrossbookings.AndthanksinparttoagreateremphasisonwholesaledealswithsuppliersExpediaismoreprofitable.ForthequarterendedinDecemberExpediaposteditsfirstnetprofit$5.2millionevenwithnoncashandnonrecurringchargescomparedwithTravelocity’s$25millionloss. Theairlines’latestcostcuttingmovesmayonlyspurtheon-linestampede.MajorcarriersareeliminatingtravelagentcommissionsintheU.S..ThatcouldleadtogrowingservicechargesforconsumersattraditionalagenciesdrivingstillmoretravelerstotheWeb.JupiterMediaMetrixispredictingthatonlinetravelsalesintheU.S.willjump29%0to$31billionthisyearandto$50billionby2005.Abouthalfofthatisfromairlines’andothersuppliers’ownWebsitesbutthatstillleavesplentyofroomfortheonlineagents. Thisgrowingmarketisdrawingplentyofcompetitionandnewplayers.HotelandcarrentalfranchiserCendantCorp.snappedupCheapTicketslastOctober.BarryDiller’sUSANetworksInc.boughtacontrollingstakeinExpedia.AndagroupofhotelsincludingHiltonHotelsandHyattCorp.arelaunchingtheirownbusinessthissummertomarkethotelroomsontheNet. IsthefieldtoocrowdedAnalystsandon-lineagenciesaren’tworriedfiguringthatthere’splentyofnewbusinesstogoaround.Butfornowtheclearwinnersareconsumerswhocancountonfindingbetterservicesandbetterdealsonline. Whobenefitedthemostfromthecompetitionamongtravelagencies
Yourshouldwritenolessthan200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.
Text2 ImaginetheU.S.economicgainsofthe1990sandwhatcomestomindPerhapsitwashowthestockmarketruled:Allthoseinitialpublicofferingsthatrakedinunprecedentedbillionsforventurecapitalists. Andwasn’titagreattimetobeatopmanagerwithproductivitygainsboostingthebottomlineandignitingexecutivepayWhileitwasgoingonventurecapitalistL.JohnDoerrcalledtheboomthe"largestsinglelegalcreationofwealthinhistory." Wellyesandno.Withtherecessionapparentlyoverit’snowpossibletomakeamorerealisticassessmentoftheentirebusinesscycleofthe1990s:ThesluggishrecoverythatstartedinMarch1991theextraordinaryboomthetechbustandthedownturnof2001.AndguesswhatAlotofthingshappenedthatdefytheconventionalbeliefsaboutthedecade. Overthis10-yearperiodproductivityroseata2.2%annualrateroughlyhalfapercentagepointfasterthaninthe1980s--asignificantgain.Buttherealstunneristhis:Thebiggestwinnersfromthefasterproductivitygrowthofthe1990swereworkersnotinvestors.Inmanywaysthemosttangiblesignofworkergainsinthe1990swasthehome-buyingboom.Thisrevelationhelpsusunderstandwhyconsumerspendingstayedsostrongintherecession--andwhybusinessesmaystillstruggleinthemonthsahead. Bycontrastthereturnonthestockmarketinthe1990sbusinesscyclewasactuallylowerthanitwasinthebusinesscycleofthe1980s.AdjustedforinflationandincludingdividendsaverageannualreturnsontheS&P--500indexfromMarch1991totheendof2001were11.1%comparedwith12.8%inthepreviousbusinesscycle. OverallBusinessWeekcalculatesthatU.S.workersreceived99%ofthegainsfromfasterproductivitygrowthinthe1990satnonfinancialcorporations.Corporateprofitsdidrisesharplybutmuchofthatgainwasfueledbylowerinterestratesratherthanincreasedproductivity. Whydidworkersfaresowellinthe1990sTheeducationlevelofmanyAmericansmadeanimpressiveleapinthe1990sputtingtheminabetterpositiontoqualifyforthesortsofjobsthattheNewEconomycreated.Lowunemploymentratesdroveupwages.AndatorrentofforeignmoneycomingintotheU.S.creatednewjobsandfinancedproductivity-enhancingequipmentinvestment. Asitturnsouttheoriginalperceptionsofwhobenefitedmostfromtheproductivitygainsofthe1990swasflippedonitshead.Lookingaheadtheeconomicpieisgrowingbiggerallthetimebutit’sstillupforgrabswhowillgetthelargestpieceinthefuture.Andintheendthat’sthereallessonofthe1990s. Accordingtothewritertheoriginalnotionontheproductivitygainsofthe1990sturnsouttobe
Text2 PlansforbuildingsthatarenotjustbigbuttrulyhugeadornthewallsofKohnPedersenFoxKPFanarchitecturalfirminNewYork.Fewpeopleaspireto200storeys.IntheaftermathoftheWorldTradeCentre’scollapse18monthsagosuchtoweringschemesseemedtohavenochanceofbecomingreality.YetinAprilKPFwillcompleteworkonaTokyocomplexwithacentralskyscraperthatwillfeatureoneofthehighestfloorsinJapan.Submissionsarebeingreadiedforstillbiggerprojectsinseveraldifferentcountries. Whether"bigness"makesbusinesssenseisthesubjectofintensedebate.Europehaslargelystayedoutoftheskyscraperrace.Aproposed66-storeyLondonBridgeTowerwhichwouldbethecontinent’slargestbuildingmayeventuallygoup.ItwouldnotstandoutinManhattan. ExecutivesintheCityofLondonEurope’slargestfinancialmarketcontendthateveninanon-earthquake-proneareaonceabuildingrisesmuchabove50storeysthedemandforadditionalelevatorsstairwellsandstructuralsupportsmakesthemunacceptablyinefficient. TrueuptoapointsaysPaulKatzthearchitectatKPFbutthemostefficientbuildingisnotnecessarilythemostvaluable.Therearesomeexplicitbenefitsfromskyscrapersnotablyefficientenergyusagepluslesstangibleonessuchasthesavingsandbenefitsthatcomefromclusteringemployeesinoneplace.Typicallywherefirmsmostliketooperatesitesarescarce.Asaresultitoftenmakessensetoaddfloorsevenatevergreatercost. SkyscrapershaverisenslowlyinJapanduetoearthquakefearsbutnowtheyaregoingup.WithNewYork’seconomysufferingredundanciesmountingandcontinuingfearofterrorismitishardtoimagineanybodyfinancingnewconstructioninthecityletaloneavastnewskyscraperonasitethatmanybelieveshouldbeusedonlyasamemorial.ButevenbeforetheeventsofSeptember11thconstructiontechniqueswerechangingtoresolveshortcomingsthatexistedinthe1960swhenworkbeganontheWorldTradeCenter.Ratherthanbeingsupportedmerelybysteelcurtainwallsthenewskyscrapershaveconcretecoreslinkedtostrongcolumnsintheouterwalls. Nobodynowunderestimatesthedevastationthatwouldbecausedifanaircraftstrikesabuilding;butattheleastthenewcropoftallbuildingsaredesignedsothattheywouldnotcollapseifhitbyeventhelargestpassengerplane.Thatmaynotsoundparticularlyreassuringtoanyoneaskedtoworkonthe100thfloor.ButthebusinessofbuildingtotheskydatesbackatleasttothetowerofBabel--andnodisasterhasstoppeditforlong. Thebesttitleforthispassagemaybe
Therehasarisenduringthistwentiethcenturyasitarosebeforeinageswhichweliketocalldarkapronouncedantiintellectualismafeelingthatbothstudiesandliteraturearenotmerelyvainbutalso1untrustworthy.Withpeopleswayedbythiswrong2thatthereislittleuseinarguingeitherforhistoryorliteratureorforpoetryormusicorforthearts3. Withothersthereisstillfaiththatanycivilizationworthyofthenamemustbe4inaceaselesspursuitoftruth.Whethertruthis5throughstudyorthroughtheartsmakesnodifference.Anypursuitoftruthisnotonly6;itisthefoundationstoneofcivilization. The7forandreadingofhistoryisoneofthoseapproachestotruth.Itisonlyonesalltheartsandsciencesaresuch8.Allhavetheirplace;allaregood;andeach9withtheother.Theyarenotairtightcompartments.Itisonlyinafewinstitutionssubjectedto10misinformationthateventsliketheIndustrialRevolutionare11entirelytothehistoriansthesocialscientistsorthephysicalscientists.Onlywithinthepasthundredyearshavehistorians12thatwhatpeoplehavedoneinliteratureandartisapartoftheirhistory.BookslikeUncleTom’sCabinhavethemselveshelpedto13history. Evenatthemomentwhenscientific14becomesmoreandmorespecializedandthehistorianconcentratesmoreandmorefiercelyonperiodsand15itisbecomingmore16tothelaymanthatallthisispartofonewhole.Evenonan17whentextbooksarebeingwrittentointroducetothetheoreticalphysicisthiscolleagueswhoareworkingaschemistsorengineersonperhapsthesameproblemthelaymanisfarenough18fromallthisspecializationtoseethewholepossiblyevenmoreclearlythandothe19.Betweenhistorybiographytheartsandsciencesandevenjournalismwhocoulddrawairtight20Notlaymen.Isnotyesterday’snewspaperhistoryandmayitnotbecomeliterature Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCarDonANSWERSHEET1.18
Therehasarisenduringthistwentiethcenturyasitarosebeforeinageswhichweliketocalldarkapronouncedantiintellectualismafeelingthatbothstudiesandliteraturearenotmerelyvainbutalso1untrustworthy.Withpeopleswayedbythiswrong2thatthereislittleuseinarguingeitherforhistoryorliteratureorforpoetryormusicorforthearts3. Withothersthereisstillfaiththatanycivilizationworthyofthenamemustbe4inaceaselesspursuitoftruth.Whethertruthis5throughstudyorthroughtheartsmakesnodifference.Anypursuitoftruthisnotonly6;itisthefoundationstoneofcivilization. The7forandreadingofhistoryisoneofthoseapproachestotruth.Itisonlyonesalltheartsandsciencesaresuch8.Allhavetheirplace;allaregood;andeach9withtheother.Theyarenotairtightcompartments.Itisonlyinafewinstitutionssubjectedto10misinformationthateventsliketheIndustrialRevolutionare11entirelytothehistoriansthesocialscientistsorthephysicalscientists.Onlywithinthepasthundredyearshavehistorians12thatwhatpeoplehavedoneinliteratureandartisapartoftheirhistory.BookslikeUncleTom’sCabinhavethemselveshelpedto13history. Evenatthemomentwhenscientific14becomesmoreandmorespecializedandthehistorianconcentratesmoreandmorefiercelyonperiodsand15itisbecomingmore16tothelaymanthatallthisispartofonewhole.Evenonan17whentextbooksarebeingwrittentointroducetothetheoreticalphysicisthiscolleagueswhoareworkingaschemistsorengineersonperhapsthesameproblemthelaymanisfarenough18fromallthisspecializationtoseethewholepossiblyevenmoreclearlythandothe19.Betweenhistorybiographytheartsandsciencesandevenjournalismwhocoulddrawairtight20Notlaymen.Isnotyesterday’snewspaperhistoryandmayitnotbecomeliterature Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCarDonANSWERSHEET1.14
Text4 Duringthe1990sboomDellComputer’scustomersgothookedonspeed.Mostwerewillingtopayapremiumtohavetheircomputersshippedbyovernightairexpress.Buttodaytheequationhasflipped.Customersprizecostsavingsoverspeed."NowmostofourcomputersintheU.S.areshippedontheground--andwecanstillreachjustabouteveryonewithintwodays"saysFredMontoyaDell’svice-presidentforworldwidelogistics. Expressairshippingisn’tinadeathspiral.Butrecession-spookedconsumersandmanufacturersarelesswillingtopayforovernightdeliverywhichisthreetofivetimesmoreexpensivethangroundshipping.Evenwhentheypaysatisfactionisnotguaranteed.AfterSeptember11thsecurityscrutinyofairfreightcanresultinlongdelays-whichmeansroadsmayactuallybefaster.That’sanotherreasonwhythenumberofpackagesshippedbyairdomesticallyfell7.6%in2001.Andevenwiththerecoveryunderwayair-expressvolumeisforecasttoreboundbyjust3%thisyear."There’samassmigrationfromairtotrucks"saysJerryLevymarketingdirectorforairshipperBaxGlobalInc. Theindustry’sgiantsarereadytorollwiththechange.InthepastseveralyearsFe-dExandUPShaverebuilttheirgroundnetworksasaseriesofregionalhubsabletodelivermostpackagesovernightwithina700-mileradius."Nowwecanmoveapackageinthemostexpedientway-groundorairoracombinationofboth"saysTomWeidemeyerUPS’chiefoperatingofficerandpresidentofitsairlineunit.Newtechnologies--includingbarcodingsatellitetrackingonlinebillingandstatus--areeasingthetransition.Evenimpatientcustomersarewillingtodowithoutovernightdelivery"iftheyknowwhenashipmentwillarrive"notesBrianClancyaprincipalatindustryconsultantMerge-GlobalInc. ThegroundingofsomuchfreightissolidifyingtheleadofUPSandFedEx."We’reabletokeepbusinessinthefamilythatwemighthavelost"saysWilliamMargaritisFedEx’scorporatevice-presidentforworldwidecommunications.Hiscompanyhasinvested$700millioninanewground-deliverynetworkwhiledeferringthedeliveryof123aircraft.AndstrictnewsecurityrequirementshaveforcedthepassengerairlinestostopcarryingpackagesfortheU.S.PostalServicenotesRichardLungdirectorofrevenuemanagementatUnitedAirlinesInc.’scargounit.Andsmallshipperswhetherairortrucklackthecapitaltobuildhybridnetworks."Wegotcaughtwithourpantsdown"saysLevyofBaxGlobalwhichaddedaground-deliveryunitin2000.Slowandsteadyreallydoeswintherace. Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat
Therehasarisenduringthistwentiethcenturyasitarosebeforeinageswhichweliketocalldarkapronouncedantiintellectualismafeelingthatbothstudiesandliteraturearenotmerelyvainbutalso1untrustworthy.Withpeopleswayedbythiswrong2thatthereislittleuseinarguingeitherforhistoryorliteratureorforpoetryormusicorforthearts3. Withothersthereisstillfaiththatanycivilizationworthyofthenamemustbe4inaceaselesspursuitoftruth.Whethertruthis5throughstudyorthroughtheartsmakesnodifference.Anypursuitoftruthisnotonly6;itisthefoundationstoneofcivilization. The7forandreadingofhistoryisoneofthoseapproachestotruth.Itisonlyonesalltheartsandsciencesaresuch8.Allhavetheirplace;allaregood;andeach9withtheother.Theyarenotairtightcompartments.Itisonlyinafewinstitutionssubjectedto10misinformationthateventsliketheIndustrialRevolutionare11entirelytothehistoriansthesocialscientistsorthephysicalscientists.Onlywithinthepasthundredyearshavehistorians12thatwhatpeoplehavedoneinliteratureandartisapartoftheirhistory.BookslikeUncleTom’sCabinhavethemselveshelpedto13history. Evenatthemomentwhenscientific14becomesmoreandmorespecializedandthehistorianconcentratesmoreandmorefiercelyonperiodsand15itisbecomingmore16tothelaymanthatallthisispartofonewhole.Evenonan17whentextbooksarebeingwrittentointroducetothetheoreticalphysicisthiscolleagueswhoareworkingaschemistsorengineersonperhapsthesameproblemthelaymanisfarenough18fromallthisspecializationtoseethewholepossiblyevenmoreclearlythandothe19.Betweenhistorybiographytheartsandsciencesandevenjournalismwhocoulddrawairtight20Notlaymen.Isnotyesterday’snewspaperhistoryandmayitnotbecomeliterature Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCarDonANSWERSHEET1.8
Text3 Couldmoneycuresickhealth-caresystemsinBritainwhichwillbetheplacetolookforproofin2003.TheNationalHealthServiceNHSwhichoffersfreehealthcarefinancedbytaxesisreceivinganemergencyno-expense-sparedinjectionofcash.By2007totalhealthspendinginBritainwillreachover9%ofGDP--thesameshareFrancehadwhenitwasratedtheworld’sbesthealthservicebytheWorldHealthOrganizationin2000. TheLaborgovernment’sresponsewasnottoconductafundamentalreviewabouthowbesttoreformhealthcareforthe21stcentury.Ratheritconcludedthatshortageofmoneynottheformoffinancingorprovisionwasthemainproblem.In2002GordonBrownthepowerfulchancelloroftheexchequerusedareviewoftheNHS’sfuturefinancingrequirementstorejectalternativefundingmodelsthatwouldallowpatientstosignupwithcompetinginsurersandsoexercisegreatercontrolovertheirownhealthcare. AlanMilburnthehealthministerhasmadesometentativestepsbacktowardstheinternalmarketintroducedbytheConservativegovernment.Itmeansthatadozentop-rankinghospitalswillalsohavebeengivengreaterfreedomtoruntheirownaffairs.Howeverthesereformswillnotdeliverrealconsumerpowertopatients. AsaresultthereturnonthemoneypouringintotheNHSlookssettobedisappointinglymeager.Alreadythereareworryingsignsthatmuchofthecashcascadewillbesoakedupinhigherpayandshorterhoursforstaffandbearlittlerelationtoextraeffortproductivityandquality.Someimprovementswilloccurbutfarlessthanmightbeexpectedfromsuchafinancialwindfall. Health-caresystemsinthedevelopedworldshareacommonhistoryarguesDavidCutleratHarvardUniversity.Firstgovernmentsfoundedgenerousuniversalsystemsafterthesecondworldwar.Withfewcontrolsoverthedemandformedicalcareoritssupplycoststhenspiraledup.Startinginthe1980stherewasadrivetocontainexpenditureoftenthroughcrudeconstraintsonmedicalbudgetswhichrancountertorisingpatientexpectationsNowthisstrategyhasrunitscourse:athirdwaveofreformsisunderwaytoincreaseefficiencyandrestraindemandthroughcost-sharingbetweeninsurersandpatients.Viewedfromthisperspectivethegovernment’splantoshowercashonalargelyunreformedNHSlooksanomalous.ButbeforemorefundamentalchangecanbecontemplatedinBritaintheoldsystemmustbeshowntobeincapableofcurethroughmoney.Thisharshlessonislikelytobelearntasearlyas2003. Concerninghealth-caresystemsinBritaintheauthorislikelytoagreetothestatementthat
Text4 Duringthe1990sboomDellComputer’scustomersgothookedonspeed.Mostwerewillingtopayapremiumtohavetheircomputersshippedbyovernightairexpress.Buttodaytheequationhasflipped.Customersprizecostsavingsoverspeed."NowmostofourcomputersintheU.S.areshippedontheground--andwecanstillreachjustabouteveryonewithintwodays"saysFredMontoyaDell’svice-presidentforworldwidelogistics. Expressairshippingisn’tinadeathspiral.Butrecession-spookedconsumersandmanufacturersarelesswillingtopayforovernightdeliverywhichisthreetofivetimesmoreexpensivethangroundshipping.Evenwhentheypaysatisfactionisnotguaranteed.AfterSeptember11thsecurityscrutinyofairfreightcanresultinlongdelays-whichmeansroadsmayactuallybefaster.That’sanotherreasonwhythenumberofpackagesshippedbyairdomesticallyfell7.6%in2001.Andevenwiththerecoveryunderwayair-expressvolumeisforecasttoreboundbyjust3%thisyear."There’samassmigrationfromairtotrucks"saysJerryLevymarketingdirectorforairshipperBaxGlobalInc. Theindustry’sgiantsarereadytorollwiththechange.InthepastseveralyearsFe-dExandUPShaverebuilttheirgroundnetworksasaseriesofregionalhubsabletodelivermostpackagesovernightwithina700-mileradius."Nowwecanmoveapackageinthemostexpedientway-groundorairoracombinationofboth"saysTomWeidemeyerUPS’chiefoperatingofficerandpresidentofitsairlineunit.Newtechnologies--includingbarcodingsatellitetrackingonlinebillingandstatus--areeasingthetransition.Evenimpatientcustomersarewillingtodowithoutovernightdelivery"iftheyknowwhenashipmentwillarrive"notesBrianClancyaprincipalatindustryconsultantMerge-GlobalInc. ThegroundingofsomuchfreightissolidifyingtheleadofUPSandFedEx."We’reabletokeepbusinessinthefamilythatwemighthavelost"saysWilliamMargaritisFedEx’scorporatevice-presidentforworldwidecommunications.Hiscompanyhasinvested$700millioninanewground-deliverynetworkwhiledeferringthedeliveryof123aircraft.AndstrictnewsecurityrequirementshaveforcedthepassengerairlinestostopcarryingpackagesfortheU.S.PostalServicenotesRichardLungdirectorofrevenuemanagementatUnitedAirlinesInc.’scargounit.Andsmallshipperswhetherairortrucklackthecapitaltobuildhybridnetworks."Wegotcaughtwithourpantsdown"saysLevyofBaxGlobalwhichaddedaground-deliveryunitin2000.Slowandsteadyreallydoeswintherace. Wecanlearnfromthebeginningofthetextthat
Text1 Penny-pinchingconsumersandfiercepricewarsarebadnewsforthetravelindustry.Badthatisforeveryoneexcepttheboomingonlinetravelgiants.Considerthesharpreboundofsuchon-lineplayersasTravelocityandExpedia.WhiletheysufferedinthewakeoftheSeptember11thterroristattackswithbookingsoffasmuchas70%intheweeksthatfollowedbusinesshassnappedback."Thespeedwithwhichthosebusinessesbouncedbacksurprisedeventhepeoplemostbullishaboutthesector"saysMitchellJ.RubinamoneymanageratNewYork-basedBaronCapitalaninvestorinon-linetravelstocks. Thetravelindustry’spainisoftentheon-lineindustry’sgainassupplierspushmorediscountedairlineseatsandhotelroomstowinbackcustomers.Andmanyofthosedealsareavailableonlyondine.Atthesametimeon-lineagenciesrelyprimarilyonleisuretravelerswheretraffichasreboundedmorequicklythanonthebusinessside. ThetwobiggestplayersTravelocityCom.Inc.andExpediaInc.arelockedincombatforthetopspot.Bothsoldsome$3billionworthoftravellastyearthoughExpediatoppedTravelocityinthefourthquarteringrossbookings.AndthanksinparttoagreateremphasisonwholesaledealswithsuppliersExpediaismoreprofitable.ForthequarterendedinDecemberExpediaposteditsfirstnetprofit$5.2millionevenwithnoncashandnonrecurringchargescomparedwithTravelocity’s$25millionloss. Theairlines’latestcostcuttingmovesmayonlyspurtheon-linestampede.MajorcarriersareeliminatingtravelagentcommissionsintheU.S..ThatcouldleadtogrowingservicechargesforconsumersattraditionalagenciesdrivingstillmoretravelerstotheWeb.JupiterMediaMetrixispredictingthatonlinetravelsalesintheU.S.willjump29%0to$31billionthisyearandto$50billionby2005.Abouthalfofthatisfromairlines’andothersuppliers’ownWebsitesbutthatstillleavesplentyofroomfortheonlineagents. Thisgrowingmarketisdrawingplentyofcompetitionandnewplayers.HotelandcarrentalfranchiserCendantCorp.snappedupCheapTicketslastOctober.BarryDiller’sUSANetworksInc.boughtacontrollingstakeinExpedia.AndagroupofhotelsincludingHiltonHotelsandHyattCorp.arelaunchingtheirownbusinessthissummertomarkethotelroomsontheNet. IsthefieldtoocrowdedAnalystsandon-lineagenciesaren’tworriedfiguringthatthere’splentyofnewbusinesstogoaround.Butfornowtheclearwinnersareconsumerswhocancountonfindingbetterservicesandbetterdealsonline. ThewordbullishParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto
Text4 PresidentBushtakestothebullypulpittodeliverasternlecturetoAmerica’sbusinesselite.TheJusticeDept.stunstheaccountingprofessionbyfilingacriminalindictmentofArthurAndersenLLPfordestroyingdocumentsrelatedtoitsauditsofEnronCorp.OnCapitolHillsomecongressionalpanelspushonwithbiasedhearingsonEnron’scollapseandnowanotherbustedNewEconomystartelecom’sGlobalCrossing.Lawmakerssignontonewbillsaimedattighteningoversightofeverythingfrompensionsandaccountingtoexecutivepay. ToanyspectatorsitwouldbeeasytoconcludethatthewindsofchangearesweepingCorporateAmericaledbyGeorgeW.Bushwhoranas"areformerwithresult".ButfarfromdeconstructingthecorporateworldbrickbybrickintosomethingcleanersparerandstrongerBushaidesandmanylegislatorsarepreparingmodestlegislativeandadministrativereforms.InsteadofanoverhaulBushesteamiscountingonitsenforcersJusticeandanewlyempoweredSecurities&ExchangeCommissiontomakeexamplesofthemostegregiousoffenders.Theideaisthatbusinesswillquicklygetthemessageandcleanupitsownact. Whywon’ttheoutragedrhetoricresultinmorechangesForstarterstheBushAdministrationwarnsthatanyrushtolegislatecorporatebehaviorcouldproducearaftofflawedbillsthatraisecostswithouthaltingabuses.Businesshasstriventodrivethepointhomewithanintenselobbyingblitzthathasconvincedmanylawmakersthatover-regulationcouldstartlethestockmarketandperhapsendangerthenascenteconomicrecovery. AllthissetsthestageforWashingtontogetbusywithpredictablymodestresults.Asurgeofcautionissweepingwould-bereformersontheHill."Theyknowtheydon’twanttomakeabigmistake"saysJerryJ.JasinowskipresidentoftheNationalAssociationofManufacturers.Thatgo-slowapproachsuitstheWhiteHouse.AidessaythePresidentwhilepersonallydisgustedbyEnron’sselloutofitspensionersisreluctanttoembracenewsanctionsthatfrustrateevenlaw-abidingcorporationsandcreatealitigationbonanzafortriallawyers.InsteadtheWhiteHousewillpushfornarrowlytargetedactionmostofitcarriedoutbytheSECtheTreasuryDept.andtheLaborDept..TherightoutcomeTreasurySecretaryPaulH.O’NeillsaidonMar.15th"dependsontheCongressnotlegislatingthingsthatareoverthetop." ToO’NeillandBushthatmeansenforcingcurrentlawsbeforepassingtoomanynewones.NowhereisthatstanceclearerthanintheAndersenindictment.SotheBushAdministrationleftthedecisiontoJusticeDept.prosecutorsratherthanWhiteHousepoliticaloperativesortheirreformistfellowsattheSEC. TheconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetextthatinthewakeofAndersen%scandalthegovernment
In1959theaverageAmericanfamilypaid$989forayear’ssupplyoffood.In1972thefamilypaid$1311.Thatwasapriceincreaseofnearlyone-third.Everyfamilyhashadthissortofexperience.Everyoneagreesthatthecostoffeedingafamilyhasrisensharply.Butthereislessagreementwhenreasonsfortherisearebeingdiscussed.WhoisreallyresponsibleManyblamethefarmerswhoproducethevegetablesfruitmeateggsandcheesethatstoresofferforsale.AccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculturethefarmer’sshareofthe$1311spentbythefamilyin1972was$521.Thiswas31percentmorethanthefarmerhadreceivedin1959. 41____________.Theyparticularlyblamethosewhoprocessthefarmproductsaftertheproductsleavethefarm.Theseincludetruckdriversmeatpackersmanufacturersofpackagesandotherfoodcontainersandtheownersofstoreswherefoodissold. 42____________. Ofthe$1311familyfoodbillin1972middlemenreceived$790whichwas33percentmorethantheyhadreceivedin1959.Itappearsthatthemiddlemen’sprofithasincreasedmorethanfarmer’s.Butsomeeconomistsclaimthatthemiddlemen’sactualprofitwasverylow.AccordingtoeconomistsattheFirstNationalCityBanktheprofitformeatpackersandfoodstoresamountedtolessthanonepercent.Duringthesameperiodallothermanufacturersweremakingaprofitofmorethan5percent.Bycomparisonwithothermembersoftheeconomicsystembothfarmersandmiddlemenhaveprofitedsurprisinglylittlefromtheriseinfoodprices. 43____________.Vegetablesandchickencostmorewhentheyhavebeencutintopiecesbysomeoneotherthantheonewhobuysit.Afamilyshouldexpecttopaymorewhenseveral"TVdinners"aretakenhomefromthestore.Thesearefullycookedmealsconsistingofmeatvegetablesandsometimesdesertallarrangedonametaldish.Thedishisputintotheovenandheatedwhilethehousewifeisdoingsomethingelse.Suchaconveniencecostsmoney.44____________. Economistsremindusthatmanymodernhousewiveshavejobsoutsidethehome.Theyearnmoneythathelpstopaythefamilyfoodbills.Thehousewifenaturallyhaslesstimeandenergyforcookingafteraday’swork.Shewantstobuymanykindsoffoodthatcanbeputonherfamily’stableeasilyandquickly.Itappearsthattheanswertothequestionofrisingpricesisnotasimpleone.Producersconsumersandmiddlemenallsharetheresponsibilityforthesharpriseinfoodcosts.45. [A]Economistsdonotagreeonsomeofthepredictions.Theyalsodonotagreeonthevalueofdifferentdecisions.Someeconomistssupportaparticulardecisionwhileotherscriticizelt. [B]Howeversomeeconomistsbelievethatcontrolscanhavenegativeeffectsoveralongperiodoftime.Incitieswithrentcontrolthecitygovernmentsetsthemaximumrentthatalandlordcanchargeforanapartment. [C]WhothenisactuallyresponsibleforthesizeofthebillahousewifemustpaybeforeshecarriesthefoodhomefromthestoreTheeconomistsatFirstNationalCityBankhaveananswertogivehousewivesbutmanypeoplewillnotlikeit.Theseeconomistsblamethehousewifeherselfforthejumpinfoodprices.Theysaythatfoodcostsmorenowbecausewomendon’twanttospendmuchtimeinthekitchen.Womenprefertobuyfoodwhichhasalreadybeenpreparedbeforeitreachesthemarket. [D]"Ifthehousewifewantsallofthese"theeconomistssay"thatisherprivilegebutshemustbepreparedtopayfortheservicesofthosewhomakeherworkeasier." [E]Theyareamongthe"middlemen"whostandbetweenthefarmerandthepeoplewhobuyandeatthefood.Aremiddlementheonestoblameforrisingfoodprices [F]Thusaseconomistspointout"Someofthebasicreasonsforwideningfoodpricespreadsareeasilytraceabletotheincreasinguseofconveniencefoodswhichtransfermuchofthetimeandworkofmealpreparationfromthekitchentothefoodprocessor’splant." [G]Butfarmersclaimthatthisincreasewasverysmallcomparedtotheincreaseintheircostofliving.Farmerstendtoblameothersforthesharpriseinfoodprices. 42
Text2 ImaginetheU.S.economicgainsofthe1990sandwhatcomestomindPerhapsitwashowthestockmarketruled:Allthoseinitialpublicofferingsthatrakedinunprecedentedbillionsforventurecapitalists. Andwasn’titagreattimetobeatopmanagerwithproductivitygainsboostingthebottomlineandignitingexecutivepayWhileitwasgoingonventurecapitalistL.JohnDoerrcalledtheboomthe"largestsinglelegalcreationofwealthinhistory." Wellyesandno.Withtherecessionapparentlyoverit’snowpossibletomakeamorerealisticassessmentoftheentirebusinesscycleofthe1990s:ThesluggishrecoverythatstartedinMarch1991theextraordinaryboomthetechbustandthedownturnof2001.AndguesswhatAlotofthingshappenedthatdefytheconventionalbeliefsaboutthedecade. Overthis10-yearperiodproductivityroseata2.2%annualrateroughlyhalfapercentagepointfasterthaninthe1980s--asignificantgain.Buttherealstunneristhis:Thebiggestwinnersfromthefasterproductivitygrowthofthe1990swereworkersnotinvestors.Inmanywaysthemosttangiblesignofworkergainsinthe1990swasthehome-buyingboom.Thisrevelationhelpsusunderstandwhyconsumerspendingstayedsostrongintherecession--andwhybusinessesmaystillstruggleinthemonthsahead. Bycontrastthereturnonthestockmarketinthe1990sbusinesscyclewasactuallylowerthanitwasinthebusinesscycleofthe1980s.AdjustedforinflationandincludingdividendsaverageannualreturnsontheS&P--500indexfromMarch1991totheendof2001were11.1%comparedwith12.8%inthepreviousbusinesscycle. OverallBusinessWeekcalculatesthatU.S.workersreceived99%ofthegainsfromfasterproductivitygrowthinthe1990satnonfinancialcorporations.Corporateprofitsdidrisesharplybutmuchofthatgainwasfueledbylowerinterestratesratherthanincreasedproductivity. Whydidworkersfaresowellinthe1990sTheeducationlevelofmanyAmericansmadeanimpressiveleapinthe1990sputtingtheminabetterpositiontoqualifyforthesortsofjobsthattheNewEconomycreated.Lowunemploymentratesdroveupwages.AndatorrentofforeignmoneycomingintotheU.S.creatednewjobsandfinancedproductivity-enhancingequipmentinvestment. Asitturnsouttheoriginalperceptionsofwhobenefitedmostfromtheproductivitygainsofthe1990swasflippedonitshead.Lookingaheadtheeconomicpieisgrowingbiggerallthetimebutit’sstillupforgrabswhowillgetthelargestpieceinthefuture.Andintheendthat’sthereallessonofthe1990s. Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthistextis
Text3 Asthick-skinnedelectedofficialsgoFIFAPresidentJosephS.BlotterisrightuptherewithBillClinton.ThechiefoftheZurich-basedgroupthatoverseesWorldCupSoccerhasn’tbeenaccusedofgropinganyinternsbutthat’saboutallhehasn’tbeenaccusedof.Votebuyingmismanagementcronyism-andthat’sjustforstarters.Yetthe66-yearoldSwissshowsnosignofabandoninghiscampaignforasecondfour-yearterm. BlatterageekofdispensingFIFA’shundredsofmillioninannualrevenuetoinspireloyaltyevenstandsagoodchanceofreelection.Atleasthedid.Sincemid-MarchhehasseenacrediblechallengeremergeinIssaHayatoupresidentoftheAfricanFootballConfederation.Hayatoua55-year-oldfromCameroonleadsagroupofFIFAreformersthatalsoincludesFIFAVice-PresidentLennartJohanssonaSwedewholostthepresidentialelectiontoBlatterin1998.Thesecontenders’mission:toendwhattheycallthecultureofsecrecyandlackofaccountabilitythatthreatensFIFAwithfinancialdisaster. Representativesoftheworld’s204nationalsoccerassociationsmeetinSeoulonMay29andtherebelsaregivenachanceofunseatingBlatter.ButeventheyconcedethattheFIFAhonchowon’tbeeasytodislodge.Blatter’sstayingpowerseemsincrediblegiventhearrayofmisdeedsattributedtohimandhiscircle.HowevertherearesignsthatFIFA’stroublesarebiggerthanBlatterissaying. Theinsurgentshavealreadywononevictory:TheypersuadedtherestoftheexecutiveboardtoorderanauditofFIFAfinances.ButBlatter—whoclaimsthroughaspokesmanthattheaccusationsareasmearcampaign--shouldnotbeunderestimated.Atleastpubliclysponsorsandmemberassociationsremainremarkablysilentwiththecontroversy.ForexamplethereisnooutwardsignofoutragefromGermansportsequipmentmakerAdidas-Salomonwhichisspendingmuchofits$625millionmarketingbudgetontheWorldCup."Wedon’texpectcurrentdevelopmentswithinFIFAtohaveanegativeimpactonourexpectations"fortheWorldCupsaysMichaelRiehlAdidasheadofglobalsportsmarketing. Theconventionalwisdomisthatfansdon’tcareaboutFIFApolitics.SaysBerndSchiphorstpresidentofHerthaBSCBerlinatop-rankedGermanteam:"I’venofearthatallthesediscussionsaregoingtotouchtheevent."StilltheOlympicbriberyscandalsandthedopingaffairintheTourdeFranceshowthatsleazydealingscanstainthemostvenerableathleticspectacle."FortheGoodoftheGame"isFIFA’sofficialmotto.Thenextfewmonthsshouldshowwhetheritringstrue. BymentioningthedopingaffairintheTourdeFrancetheauthoristalkingabout
Therehasarisenduringthistwentiethcenturyasitarosebeforeinageswhichweliketocalldarkapronouncedantiintellectualismafeelingthatbothstudiesandliteraturearenotmerelyvainbutalso1untrustworthy.Withpeopleswayedbythiswrong2thatthereislittleuseinarguingeitherforhistoryorliteratureorforpoetryormusicorforthearts3. Withothersthereisstillfaiththatanycivilizationworthyofthenamemustbe4inaceaselesspursuitoftruth.Whethertruthis5throughstudyorthroughtheartsmakesnodifference.Anypursuitoftruthisnotonly6;itisthefoundationstoneofcivilization. The7forandreadingofhistoryisoneofthoseapproachestotruth.Itisonlyonesalltheartsandsciencesaresuch8.Allhavetheirplace;allaregood;andeach9withtheother.Theyarenotairtightcompartments.Itisonlyinafewinstitutionssubjectedto10misinformationthateventsliketheIndustrialRevolutionare11entirelytothehistoriansthesocialscientistsorthephysicalscientists.Onlywithinthepasthundredyearshavehistorians12thatwhatpeoplehavedoneinliteratureandartisapartoftheirhistory.BookslikeUncleTom’sCabinhavethemselveshelpedto13history. Evenatthemomentwhenscientific14becomesmoreandmorespecializedandthehistorianconcentratesmoreandmorefiercelyonperiodsand15itisbecomingmore16tothelaymanthatallthisispartofonewhole.Evenonan17whentextbooksarebeingwrittentointroducetothetheoreticalphysicisthiscolleagueswhoareworkingaschemistsorengineersonperhapsthesameproblemthelaymanisfarenough18fromallthisspecializationtoseethewholepossiblyevenmoreclearlythandothe19.Betweenhistorybiographytheartsandsciencesandevenjournalismwhocoulddrawairtight20Notlaymen.Isnotyesterday’snewspaperhistoryandmayitnotbecomeliterature Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCarDonANSWERSHEET1.4
Therehasarisenduringthistwentiethcenturyasitarosebeforeinageswhichweliketocalldarkapronouncedantiintellectualismafeelingthatbothstudiesandliteraturearenotmerelyvainbutalso1untrustworthy.Withpeopleswayedbythiswrong2thatthereislittleuseinarguingeitherforhistoryorliteratureorforpoetryormusicorforthearts3. Withothersthereisstillfaiththatanycivilizationworthyofthenamemustbe4inaceaselesspursuitoftruth.Whethertruthis5throughstudyorthroughtheartsmakesnodifference.Anypursuitoftruthisnotonly6;itisthefoundationstoneofcivilization. The7forandreadingofhistoryisoneofthoseapproachestotruth.Itisonlyonesalltheartsandsciencesaresuch8.Allhavetheirplace;allaregood;andeach9withtheother.Theyarenotairtightcompartments.Itisonlyinafewinstitutionssubjectedto10misinformationthateventsliketheIndustrialRevolutionare11entirelytothehistoriansthesocialscientistsorthephysicalscientists.Onlywithinthepasthundredyearshavehistorians12thatwhatpeoplehavedoneinliteratureandartisapartoftheirhistory.BookslikeUncleTom’sCabinhavethemselveshelpedto13history. Evenatthemomentwhenscientific14becomesmoreandmorespecializedandthehistorianconcentratesmoreandmorefiercelyonperiodsand15itisbecomingmore16tothelaymanthatallthisispartofonewhole.Evenonan17whentextbooksarebeingwrittentointroducetothetheoreticalphysicisthiscolleagueswhoareworkingaschemistsorengineersonperhapsthesameproblemthelaymanisfarenough18fromallthisspecializationtoseethewholepossiblyevenmoreclearlythandothe19.Betweenhistorybiographytheartsandsciencesandevenjournalismwhocoulddrawairtight20Notlaymen.Isnotyesterday’snewspaperhistoryandmayitnotbecomeliterature Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCarDonANSWERSHEET1.12
Thesimpleperceptionofnaturalformsisadelight.46Theinfluenceoftheformsandactionsinnatureissoneedfultomanthatinitslowestfunctionsitseemstolieontheconfinesofcommodityandbeauty.Tothebodyandmindwhichhavebeencrampedbynoxiousworkorcompanynatureismedicinalandrestorestheirtone.Thetradesmantheattorneycomesoutofthedinandcraftofthestreetandseestheskyandthewoodsandisamanagain.Intheireternalcalmhefindshimself.Thehealthoftheeyeseemstodemandahorizon.Wearenevertiredsolongaswecanseefarenough. 47ButinotherhoursNaturesatisfiesthesoulpurelybyitslovelinessandwithoutanymixtureofcorporealbenefit.Iseethespectacleofmorningfromthehilltopoveragainstmyhousefromdaybreaktosunrisewithemotionswhichanangelmightshare.Thelongslenderbarsofcloudfloatlikefishesintheseaofcrimsonlight.48FromtheearthasashoreIlookoutintothatsilentsea.Iseemtoshareitsrapidtransformations;theactiveenchantmentreachesmydust;andIdilateandconspirewiththemorningwind.HowdoesNaturedeifyuswithafewandcheapelements!GivemehealthandadayandIwillmakethepompofemperorsridiculous.ThedawnismyAssyria;thesunsetandmoonrisemyPaphosandunimaginablerealmoffaerie;broadnoonshallbemyEnglandofthesensesandtheunderstanding;thenightshallbemyGermanyofmysticphilosophyaddreams. NotlessexcellentexceptforourlesssusceptibilityintheafternoonwasthecharmlasteveningofaJanuarysunset.49Thewesterncloudsdividedandsubdividedthemselvesintopinkflakesmodulatedwithtintsofunspeakablesoftnessandtheairhassomuchlifeandsweetnessthatitwasapaintocomewithindoors.WhatwasitthatnaturewouldsayWastherenomeaninginthelivereposeofthevalleybehindthemillandwhichHomerorShakespearecouldnotreformformeinwords50Theleaflesstreesbecomespiresofflameinthesunset;withthebluecastfortheirbackgroundandthestarsofthedeadcalicesofflowersandeverywitheredstemandstubblerimedwithfrostcontributesomethingtothemutemusic. Theinfluenceoftheformsandactionsinnatureissoneedfultomanthatinitslowestfunctionsitseemstolieontheconfinesofcommodityandbeauty
Text2 ImaginetheU.S.economicgainsofthe1990sandwhatcomestomindPerhapsitwashowthestockmarketruled:Allthoseinitialpublicofferingsthatrakedinunprecedentedbillionsforventurecapitalists. Andwasn’titagreattimetobeatopmanagerwithproductivitygainsboostingthebottomlineandignitingexecutivepayWhileitwasgoingonventurecapitalistL.JohnDoerrcalledtheboomthe"largestsinglelegalcreationofwealthinhistory." Wellyesandno.Withtherecessionapparentlyoverit’snowpossibletomakeamorerealisticassessmentoftheentirebusinesscycleofthe1990s:ThesluggishrecoverythatstartedinMarch1991theextraordinaryboomthetechbustandthedownturnof2001.AndguesswhatAlotofthingshappenedthatdefytheconventionalbeliefsaboutthedecade. Overthis10-yearperiodproductivityroseata2.2%annualrateroughlyhalfapercentagepointfasterthaninthe1980s--asignificantgain.Buttherealstunneristhis:Thebiggestwinnersfromthefasterproductivitygrowthofthe1990swereworkersnotinvestors.Inmanywaysthemosttangiblesignofworkergainsinthe1990swasthehome-buyingboom.Thisrevelationhelpsusunderstandwhyconsumerspendingstayedsostrongintherecession--andwhybusinessesmaystillstruggleinthemonthsahead. Bycontrastthereturnonthestockmarketinthe1990sbusinesscyclewasactuallylowerthanitwasinthebusinesscycleofthe1980s.AdjustedforinflationandincludingdividendsaverageannualreturnsontheS&P--500indexfromMarch1991totheendof2001were11.1%comparedwith12.8%inthepreviousbusinesscycle. OverallBusinessWeekcalculatesthatU.S.workersreceived99%ofthegainsfromfasterproductivitygrowthinthe1990satnonfinancialcorporations.Corporateprofitsdidrisesharplybutmuchofthatgainwasfueledbylowerinterestratesratherthanincreasedproductivity. Whydidworkersfaresowellinthe1990sTheeducationlevelofmanyAmericansmadeanimpressiveleapinthe1990sputtingtheminabetterpositiontoqualifyforthesortsofjobsthattheNewEconomycreated.Lowunemploymentratesdroveupwages.AndatorrentofforeignmoneycomingintotheU.S.creatednewjobsandfinancedproductivity-enhancingequipmentinvestment. Asitturnsouttheoriginalperceptionsofwhobenefitedmostfromtheproductivitygainsofthe1990swasflippedonitshead.Lookingaheadtheeconomicpieisgrowingbiggerallthetimebutit’sstillupforgrabswhowillgetthelargestpieceinthefuture.Andintheendthat’sthereallessonofthe1990s. WhenmentioningaverageannualreturnsParagraph5theauthoristalkingabout
In1959theaverageAmericanfamilypaid$989forayear’ssupplyoffood.In1972thefamilypaid$1311.Thatwasapriceincreaseofnearlyone-third.Everyfamilyhashadthissortofexperience.Everyoneagreesthatthecostoffeedingafamilyhasrisensharply.Butthereislessagreementwhenreasonsfortherisearebeingdiscussed.WhoisreallyresponsibleManyblamethefarmerswhoproducethevegetablesfruitmeateggsandcheesethatstoresofferforsale.AccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculturethefarmer’sshareofthe$1311spentbythefamilyin1972was$521.Thiswas31percentmorethanthefarmerhadreceivedin1959. 41____________.Theyparticularlyblamethosewhoprocessthefarmproductsaftertheproductsleavethefarm.Theseincludetruckdriversmeatpackersmanufacturersofpackagesandotherfoodcontainersandtheownersofstoreswherefoodissold. 42____________. Ofthe$1311familyfoodbillin1972middlemenreceived$790whichwas33percentmorethantheyhadreceivedin1959.Itappearsthatthemiddlemen’sprofithasincreasedmorethanfarmer’s.Butsomeeconomistsclaimthatthemiddlemen’sactualprofitwasverylow.AccordingtoeconomistsattheFirstNationalCityBanktheprofitformeatpackersandfoodstoresamountedtolessthanonepercent.Duringthesameperiodallothermanufacturersweremakingaprofitofmorethan5percent.Bycomparisonwithothermembersoftheeconomicsystembothfarmersandmiddlemenhaveprofitedsurprisinglylittlefromtheriseinfoodprices. 43____________.Vegetablesandchickencostmorewhentheyhavebeencutintopiecesbysomeoneotherthantheonewhobuysit.Afamilyshouldexpecttopaymorewhenseveral"TVdinners"aretakenhomefromthestore.Thesearefullycookedmealsconsistingofmeatvegetablesandsometimesdesertallarrangedonametaldish.Thedishisputintotheovenandheatedwhilethehousewifeisdoingsomethingelse.Suchaconveniencecostsmoney.44____________. Economistsremindusthatmanymodernhousewiveshavejobsoutsidethehome.Theyearnmoneythathelpstopaythefamilyfoodbills.Thehousewifenaturallyhaslesstimeandenergyforcookingafteraday’swork.Shewantstobuymanykindsoffoodthatcanbeputonherfamily’stableeasilyandquickly.Itappearsthattheanswertothequestionofrisingpricesisnotasimpleone.Producersconsumersandmiddlemenallsharetheresponsibilityforthesharpriseinfoodcosts.45. [A]Economistsdonotagreeonsomeofthepredictions.Theyalsodonotagreeonthevalueofdifferentdecisions.Someeconomistssupportaparticulardecisionwhileotherscriticizelt. [B]Howeversomeeconomistsbelievethatcontrolscanhavenegativeeffectsoveralongperiodoftime.Incitieswithrentcontrolthecitygovernmentsetsthemaximumrentthatalandlordcanchargeforanapartment. [C]WhothenisactuallyresponsibleforthesizeofthebillahousewifemustpaybeforeshecarriesthefoodhomefromthestoreTheeconomistsatFirstNationalCityBankhaveananswertogivehousewivesbutmanypeoplewillnotlikeit.Theseeconomistsblamethehousewifeherselfforthejumpinfoodprices.Theysaythatfoodcostsmorenowbecausewomendon’twanttospendmuchtimeinthekitchen.Womenprefertobuyfoodwhichhasalreadybeenpreparedbeforeitreachesthemarket. [D]"Ifthehousewifewantsallofthese"theeconomistssay"thatisherprivilegebutshemustbepreparedtopayfortheservicesofthosewhomakeherworkeasier." [E]Theyareamongthe"middlemen"whostandbetweenthefarmerandthepeoplewhobuyandeatthefood.Aremiddlementheonestoblameforrisingfoodprices [F]Thusaseconomistspointout"Someofthebasicreasonsforwideningfoodpricespreadsareeasilytraceabletotheincreasinguseofconveniencefoodswhichtransfermuchofthetimeandworkofmealpreparationfromthekitchentothefoodprocessor’splant." [G]Butfarmersclaimthatthisincreasewasverysmallcomparedtotheincreaseintheircostofliving.Farmerstendtoblameothersforthesharpriseinfoodprices. 44
Therehasarisenduringthistwentiethcenturyasitarosebeforeinageswhichweliketocalldarkapronouncedantiintellectualismafeelingthatbothstudiesandliteraturearenotmerelyvainbutalso1untrustworthy.Withpeopleswayedbythiswrong2thatthereislittleuseinarguingeitherforhistoryorliteratureorforpoetryormusicorforthearts3. Withothersthereisstillfaiththatanycivilizationworthyofthenamemustbe4inaceaselesspursuitoftruth.Whethertruthis5throughstudyorthroughtheartsmakesnodifference.Anypursuitoftruthisnotonly6;itisthefoundationstoneofcivilization. The7forandreadingofhistoryisoneofthoseapproachestotruth.Itisonlyonesalltheartsandsciencesaresuch8.Allhavetheirplace;allaregood;andeach9withtheother.Theyarenotairtightcompartments.Itisonlyinafewinstitutionssubjectedto10misinformationthateventsliketheIndustrialRevolutionare11entirelytothehistoriansthesocialscientistsorthephysicalscientists.Onlywithinthepasthundredyearshavehistorians12thatwhatpeoplehavedoneinliteratureandartisapartoftheirhistory.BookslikeUncleTom’sCabinhavethemselveshelpedto13history. Evenatthemomentwhenscientific14becomesmoreandmorespecializedandthehistorianconcentratesmoreandmorefiercelyonperiodsand15itisbecomingmore16tothelaymanthatallthisispartofonewhole.Evenonan17whentextbooksarebeingwrittentointroducetothetheoreticalphysicisthiscolleagueswhoareworkingaschemistsorengineersonperhapsthesameproblemthelaymanisfarenough18fromallthisspecializationtoseethewholepossiblyevenmoreclearlythandothe19.Betweenhistorybiographytheartsandsciencesandevenjournalismwhocoulddrawairtight20Notlaymen.Isnotyesterday’snewspaperhistoryandmayitnotbecomeliterature Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCarDonANSWERSHEET1.2
Therehasarisenduringthistwentiethcenturyasitarosebeforeinageswhichweliketocalldarkapronouncedantiintellectualismafeelingthatbothstudiesandliteraturearenotmerelyvainbutalso1untrustworthy.Withpeopleswayedbythiswrong2thatthereislittleuseinarguingeitherforhistoryorliteratureorforpoetryormusicorforthearts3. Withothersthereisstillfaiththatanycivilizationworthyofthenamemustbe4inaceaselesspursuitoftruth.Whethertruthis5throughstudyorthroughtheartsmakesnodifference.Anypursuitoftruthisnotonly6;itisthefoundationstoneofcivilization. The7forandreadingofhistoryisoneofthoseapproachestotruth.Itisonlyonesalltheartsandsciencesaresuch8.Allhavetheirplace;allaregood;andeach9withtheother.Theyarenotairtightcompartments.Itisonlyinafewinstitutionssubjectedto10misinformationthateventsliketheIndustrialRevolutionare11entirelytothehistoriansthesocialscientistsorthephysicalscientists.Onlywithinthepasthundredyearshavehistorians12thatwhatpeoplehavedoneinliteratureandartisapartoftheirhistory.BookslikeUncleTom’sCabinhavethemselveshelpedto13history. Evenatthemomentwhenscientific14becomesmoreandmorespecializedandthehistorianconcentratesmoreandmorefiercelyonperiodsand15itisbecomingmore16tothelaymanthatallthisispartofonewhole.Evenonan17whentextbooksarebeingwrittentointroducetothetheoreticalphysicisthiscolleagueswhoareworkingaschemistsorengineersonperhapsthesameproblemthelaymanisfarenough18fromallthisspecializationtoseethewholepossiblyevenmoreclearlythandothe19.Betweenhistorybiographytheartsandsciencesandevenjournalismwhocoulddrawairtight20Notlaymen.Isnotyesterday’snewspaperhistoryandmayitnotbecomeliterature Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCarDonANSWERSHEET1.20
Therehasarisenduringthistwentiethcenturyasitarosebeforeinageswhichweliketocalldarkapronouncedantiintellectualismafeelingthatbothstudiesandliteraturearenotmerelyvainbutalso1untrustworthy.Withpeopleswayedbythiswrong2thatthereislittleuseinarguingeitherforhistoryorliteratureorforpoetryormusicorforthearts3. Withothersthereisstillfaiththatanycivilizationworthyofthenamemustbe4inaceaselesspursuitoftruth.Whethertruthis5throughstudyorthroughtheartsmakesnodifference.Anypursuitoftruthisnotonly6;itisthefoundationstoneofcivilization. The7forandreadingofhistoryisoneofthoseapproachestotruth.Itisonlyonesalltheartsandsciencesaresuch8.Allhavetheirplace;allaregood;andeach9withtheother.Theyarenotairtightcompartments.Itisonlyinafewinstitutionssubjectedto10misinformationthateventsliketheIndustrialRevolutionare11entirelytothehistoriansthesocialscientistsorthephysicalscientists.Onlywithinthepasthundredyearshavehistorians12thatwhatpeoplehavedoneinliteratureandartisapartoftheirhistory.BookslikeUncleTom’sCabinhavethemselveshelpedto13history. Evenatthemomentwhenscientific14becomesmoreandmorespecializedandthehistorianconcentratesmoreandmorefiercelyonperiodsand15itisbecomingmore16tothelaymanthatallthisispartofonewhole.Evenonan17whentextbooksarebeingwrittentointroducetothetheoreticalphysicisthiscolleagueswhoareworkingaschemistsorengineersonperhapsthesameproblemthelaymanisfarenough18fromallthisspecializationtoseethewholepossiblyevenmoreclearlythandothe19.Betweenhistorybiographytheartsandsciencesandevenjournalismwhocoulddrawairtight20Notlaymen.Isnotyesterday’snewspaperhistoryandmayitnotbecomeliterature Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCarDonANSWERSHEET1.16
Therehasarisenduringthistwentiethcenturyasitarosebeforeinageswhichweliketocalldarkapronouncedantiintellectualismafeelingthatbothstudiesandliteraturearenotmerelyvainbutalso1untrustworthy.Withpeopleswayedbythiswrong2thatthereislittleuseinarguingeitherforhistoryorliteratureorforpoetryormusicorforthearts3. Withothersthereisstillfaiththatanycivilizationworthyofthenamemustbe4inaceaselesspursuitoftruth.Whethertruthis5throughstudyorthroughtheartsmakesnodifference.Anypursuitoftruthisnotonly6;itisthefoundationstoneofcivilization. The7forandreadingofhistoryisoneofthoseapproachestotruth.Itisonlyonesalltheartsandsciencesaresuch8.Allhavetheirplace;allaregood;andeach9withtheother.Theyarenotairtightcompartments.Itisonlyinafewinstitutionssubjectedto10misinformationthateventsliketheIndustrialRevolutionare11entirelytothehistoriansthesocialscientistsorthephysicalscientists.Onlywithinthepasthundredyearshavehistorians12thatwhatpeoplehavedoneinliteratureandartisapartoftheirhistory.BookslikeUncleTom’sCabinhavethemselveshelpedto13history. Evenatthemomentwhenscientific14becomesmoreandmorespecializedandthehistorianconcentratesmoreandmorefiercelyonperiodsand15itisbecomingmore16tothelaymanthatallthisispartofonewhole.Evenonan17whentextbooksarebeingwrittentointroducetothetheoreticalphysicisthiscolleagueswhoareworkingaschemistsorengineersonperhapsthesameproblemthelaymanisfarenough18fromallthisspecializationtoseethewholepossiblyevenmoreclearlythandothe19.Betweenhistorybiographytheartsandsciencesandevenjournalismwhocoulddrawairtight20Notlaymen.Isnotyesterday’snewspaperhistoryandmayitnotbecomeliterature Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCarDonANSWERSHEET1.10
Thesimpleperceptionofnaturalformsisadelight.46Theinfluenceoftheformsandactionsinnatureissoneedfultomanthatinitslowestfunctionsitseemstolieontheconfinesofcommodityandbeauty.Tothebodyandmindwhichhavebeencrampedbynoxiousworkorcompanynatureismedicinalandrestorestheirtone.Thetradesmantheattorneycomesoutofthedinandcraftofthestreetandseestheskyandthewoodsandisamanagain.Intheireternalcalmhefindshimself.Thehealthoftheeyeseemstodemandahorizon.Wearenevertiredsolongaswecanseefarenough. 47ButinotherhoursNaturesatisfiesthesoulpurelybyitslovelinessandwithoutanymixtureofcorporealbenefit.Iseethespectacleofmorningfromthehilltopoveragainstmyhousefromdaybreaktosunrisewithemotionswhichanangelmightshare.Thelongslenderbarsofcloudfloatlikefishesintheseaofcrimsonlight.48FromtheearthasashoreIlookoutintothatsilentsea.Iseemtoshareitsrapidtransformations;theactiveenchantmentreachesmydust;andIdilateandconspirewiththemorningwind.HowdoesNaturedeifyuswithafewandcheapelements!GivemehealthandadayandIwillmakethepompofemperorsridiculous.ThedawnismyAssyria;thesunsetandmoonrisemyPaphosandunimaginablerealmoffaerie;broadnoonshallbemyEnglandofthesensesandtheunderstanding;thenightshallbemyGermanyofmysticphilosophyaddreams. NotlessexcellentexceptforourlesssusceptibilityintheafternoonwasthecharmlasteveningofaJanuarysunset.49Thewesterncloudsdividedandsubdividedthemselvesintopinkflakesmodulatedwithtintsofunspeakablesoftnessandtheairhassomuchlifeandsweetnessthatitwasapaintocomewithindoors.WhatwasitthatnaturewouldsayWastherenomeaninginthelivereposeofthevalleybehindthemillandwhichHomerorShakespearecouldnotreformformeinwords50Theleaflesstreesbecomespiresofflameinthesunset;withthebluecastfortheirbackgroundandthestarsofthedeadcalicesofflowersandeverywitheredstemandstubblerimedwithfrostcontributesomethingtothemutemusic. Theleaflesstreesbecomespiresofflameinthesunset;withthebluecastfortheirbackgroundandthestarsofthedeadcalicesofflowersandeverywitheredstemandstubblerimedwithfrostcontributesomethingtothemutemusic.
Text3 Asthick-skinnedelectedofficialsgoFIFAPresidentJosephS.BlotterisrightuptherewithBillClinton.ThechiefoftheZurich-basedgroupthatoverseesWorldCupSoccerhasn’tbeenaccusedofgropinganyinternsbutthat’saboutallhehasn’tbeenaccusedof.Votebuyingmismanagementcronyism-andthat’sjustforstarters.Yetthe66-yearoldSwissshowsnosignofabandoninghiscampaignforasecondfour-yearterm. BlatterageekofdispensingFIFA’shundredsofmillioninannualrevenuetoinspireloyaltyevenstandsagoodchanceofreelection.Atleasthedid.Sincemid-MarchhehasseenacrediblechallengeremergeinIssaHayatoupresidentoftheAfricanFootballConfederation.Hayatoua55-year-oldfromCameroonleadsagroupofFIFAreformersthatalsoincludesFIFAVice-PresidentLennartJohanssonaSwedewholostthepresidentialelectiontoBlatterin1998.Thesecontenders’mission:toendwhattheycallthecultureofsecrecyandlackofaccountabilitythatthreatensFIFAwithfinancialdisaster. Representativesoftheworld’s204nationalsoccerassociationsmeetinSeoulonMay29andtherebelsaregivenachanceofunseatingBlatter.ButeventheyconcedethattheFIFAhonchowon’tbeeasytodislodge.Blatter’sstayingpowerseemsincrediblegiventhearrayofmisdeedsattributedtohimandhiscircle.HowevertherearesignsthatFIFA’stroublesarebiggerthanBlatterissaying. Theinsurgentshavealreadywononevictory:TheypersuadedtherestoftheexecutiveboardtoorderanauditofFIFAfinances.ButBlatter—whoclaimsthroughaspokesmanthattheaccusationsareasmearcampaign--shouldnotbeunderestimated.Atleastpubliclysponsorsandmemberassociationsremainremarkablysilentwiththecontroversy.ForexamplethereisnooutwardsignofoutragefromGermansportsequipmentmakerAdidas-Salomonwhichisspendingmuchofits$625millionmarketingbudgetontheWorldCup."Wedon’texpectcurrentdevelopmentswithinFIFAtohaveanegativeimpactonourexpectations"fortheWorldCupsaysMichaelRiehlAdidasheadofglobalsportsmarketing. Theconventionalwisdomisthatfansdon’tcareaboutFIFApolitics.SaysBerndSchiphorstpresidentofHerthaBSCBerlinatop-rankedGermanteam:"I’venofearthatallthesediscussionsaregoingtotouchtheevent."StilltheOlympicbriberyscandalsandthedopingaffairintheTourdeFranceshowthatsleazydealingscanstainthemostvenerableathleticspectacle."FortheGoodoftheGame"isFIFA’sofficialmotto.Thenextfewmonthsshouldshowwhetheritringstrue. ThecontendersasmentionedinthetextcriticizedBlatterforhis
Thesimpleperceptionofnaturalformsisadelight.46Theinfluenceoftheformsandactionsinnatureissoneedfultomanthatinitslowestfunctionsitseemstolieontheconfinesofcommodityandbeauty.Tothebodyandmindwhichhavebeencrampedbynoxiousworkorcompanynatureismedicinalandrestorestheirtone.Thetradesmantheattorneycomesoutofthedinandcraftofthestreetandseestheskyandthewoodsandisamanagain.Intheireternalcalmhefindshimself.Thehealthoftheeyeseemstodemandahorizon.Wearenevertiredsolongaswecanseefarenough. 47ButinotherhoursNaturesatisfiesthesoulpurelybyitslovelinessandwithoutanymixtureofcorporealbenefit.Iseethespectacleofmorningfromthehilltopoveragainstmyhousefromdaybreaktosunrisewithemotionswhichanangelmightshare.Thelongslenderbarsofcloudfloatlikefishesintheseaofcrimsonlight.48FromtheearthasashoreIlookoutintothatsilentsea.Iseemtoshareitsrapidtransformations;theactiveenchantmentreachesmydust;andIdilateandconspirewiththemorningwind.HowdoesNaturedeifyuswithafewandcheapelements!GivemehealthandadayandIwillmakethepompofemperorsridiculous.ThedawnismyAssyria;thesunsetandmoonrisemyPaphosandunimaginablerealmoffaerie;broadnoonshallbemyEnglandofthesensesandtheunderstanding;thenightshallbemyGermanyofmysticphilosophyaddreams. NotlessexcellentexceptforourlesssusceptibilityintheafternoonwasthecharmlasteveningofaJanuarysunset.49Thewesterncloudsdividedandsubdividedthemselvesintopinkflakesmodulatedwithtintsofunspeakablesoftnessandtheairhassomuchlifeandsweetnessthatitwasapaintocomewithindoors.WhatwasitthatnaturewouldsayWastherenomeaninginthelivereposeofthevalleybehindthemillandwhichHomerorShakespearecouldnotreformformeinwords50Theleaflesstreesbecomespiresofflameinthesunset;withthebluecastfortheirbackgroundandthestarsofthedeadcalicesofflowersandeverywitheredstemandstubblerimedwithfrostcontributesomethingtothemutemusic. FromtheearthasashoreIlookoutintothatsilentsea.Iseemtoshareitsrapidtransformations;theactiveenchantmentreachesmydust;andIdilateandconspirewiththemorningwind
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