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化生血液的物质基础为
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肾中精气的主要生理功能是
促进机体的生长发育
促进生殖功能的成熟
主生长发育和生殖
化生血液的物质基础
人体生命活动的根本
营气的生理功能有哪些
营养全身
温煦脏腑
化生血液
神的物质基础
推动血行
血液化生的主要物质基础不包括
水谷精微
肾精
营气
清气
津液
化生血液的主要物质基础是
元气
水谷之精
肾精
脏腑之精
生成血液的主要物质基础是______和______
肾中精气的主要生理功能是
促进机体的生长发育
促进生殖机能的成熟
主生长发育和生殖
化生血液的物质基础
人体生命活动的根本
肾中精气的主要生理功能为
促进机体的生长发育
化生血液的物质基础
主生长发育和生殖
促进生殖功能的成熟
人体生命活动的根本
肾中精气的生理功能主要是
促进生殖功能的成熟
促进机体的生长发育
主生长发育和生殖
化生血液的物质基础
人体生命活动的根本
乃气中之精粹是生命产生的是神化生的物质基础
血液化生的主要物质基础不包括
水谷精微
精髓
营气
清气
津液
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Thepeoplewhoanswerthephonegetanendlessstreamofcallsfrompeoplewhoareextremelyupsetthattheirelectricitygotturnedoffjustbecausetheyfailedtopaytheirbillfor297monthsorpeopleaskingquestionslike"IsitOKtooperateanelectricappliancewhiletakingabath" Solet’ssaythatyouhaveagenuineproblemwithyourelectricbill.Thepeoplein"CustomerService"havenowayofknowingthatyou’reanintelligentrationalperson.They’regoingtolumpyouinwiththeusualnot-so-brightpublic.Asfarasthey’reconcernedtherelevantfactsinanydisputebetweenyouandthemarethese: 1.Theyhaveabunchofelectricity. 2.Youneedit. 3.Soshutup. Thisiswhymoreandmorethepeoplein"CustomerService"won’teventalktoyou.TheyprefertoletyoutalktotheconvenientAutomaticPhoneAnsweringSystemuntilsuchatimeasyoudieofoldage"...IfyourFIRSTnamehasmorethaneightlettersandyourLASTnamebeginswith’H’through’L’press251NOW.IfyourfirstnamehasLESSthaneightlettersandyourlastnamecontainsatleasttwo’E’spress252NOW.Ifyour..." SoisthereanywaythatyouthelowlyconsumercangaintheseriousattentionofalargeandpowerfulbusinessIampleasedtoreportthatthereISawaywhichIfoundoutaboutthankstoanalertreaderwhosentmeanewsreportfromRussia.AccordingtothisreportaRussianelectriccompanygotintoadisputewithacustomerandcutoffthecustomer’selectricity.ThiscustomerhoweverhappenedtobeaunitoftheRussianArmy.Sothecommanderorderedatanktodriveovertotheelectriccompany’sofficeandaimitsgunatthewindows.Theelectricitywasturnedrightbackon. OnbehalfofconsumerseverywhereIwanttokissthismilitarycommanderonthelips.ImeanwhataGREATconcept.Imagineasaconsumerhowmuchmoreseriouslyyourcomplaintwouldhetakenifyouwerecomplainingfrominsideavehiclecapableofreducingtheentire"CustomerService"departmenttotinysmokingpieces.WhatIamsayingis:ForgettheAutomatedPhoneAnsweringSystem.Getatank. Perhapsyouarethinking:"Butatankcostsseveralmilliondollarsnotincludingfloormats.Idon’thavethatkindofmoney." Don’tbesilly.You’reaconsumerrightYouhavecreditcardsright Perhapsyouarethinking:"YesbuthowamIgoingtopaythecredit-cardcompany" Don’tbesilly.Youhaveatankright IfMr.HuntingtonSweetwantstoinquireaboutsomethingfromCustomerServiceheshouldpress
Tounderstandtheroughly100000genesinthehumangenomeresearcherssaytheymustinvestigateanevenmorecomplicatedsetofmolecules-proteins.Genesaretheblueprintsformakingproteinsandthe"sequence"ofagene—itsstructuralpattern—determinesthekindofproteinitmakes.Someproteinsbecomebuildingblocksforstructuralpartsofthecell.Otherproteinsbecomemolecular"machines"enzymeshormonesantibodiesthatcarryoutthemyriadactivitiesnecessarytokeepthecellandthebodyworkingproperly. Withanunderstandingofhumanproteinsortheproteomescientistswillbeabletofightdiseaseonmanyfronts.ForexamplescientistsattheCenterforProteomeAnalysisinOdenseDenmarkhaveisolatedaproteingalectinthatmayfightdiabetes.Diabetesseemstobecausedwheninsulin-producingcellsinthepancreasareinadvertentlykilledbythebody’simmunesystem. TheDanishscientistsspentyearsanalyzingtheproteinspresentindiabetes-proneanddiabetes-resistantcellsandtheytentativelyconcludedthatgalectinprotectsdiabetes-pronecellsfrombeingattackedbytheimmunesystem.Preliminaryanimaltestsinwhichthegalectingenehasbeeninsertedintodiabetes-pronecellsseemtoconfirmthehypothesis. EffectivecancerdrugsmayalsoarisefromadeeperunderstandingofgenesandproteinssaysKenCarterpresidentofTherapeuticGenomicsoneofthemanybiotechcompaniesworkingtodevisenewdrugsbasedongeneticknowledge.Soonscientistswillbeabletoquicklyandaccuratelycomparecancertissuewithnormaltissuetoseewhichgenesare"switchedon"andmakingproteinsandwhichgenesarenothesays. "Ifyoufoundagenethatwashighlyexpressedinprostatecancercellsbutnotothertissuesyoucoulddeducethatgenewasinvolvedinprostatecancer"accordingtoCarter."Wewouldtrytodevelopinthelabawaytoblocktheexpressionofthatgene."Onepossibilitywouldbea"smallmolecule"drugthatwouldattachtoandinactivatethatgene’sprotein. Finallydrugsthemselveswilllikelybecomesaferandmoreeffectivebecausetheywillbetailoredtoanindividual’sgeneticabilitytoprocessmedicinespredictsRobertWaterstondirectoroftheHumanGenomeProjectsequencingcenteratWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis. Inthefutureabloodtestcouldshowhowmuchofaparticulardrug-processingenzymeapersonhasWaterstonexplains.Thedoctorwouldthenadjustthedoseaccordinglyorprescribeadrugcustomdesignedforthatperson’sgeneticmakeup.Thisnewfieldcalledpharmacogenomicsshouldeliminatemanyofthedrugsideeffectsthatresultfromourcurrentcrudermethodsofdeterminingdosage. Accordingtothetextthefunctionofgenesis
Tounderstandtheroughly100000genesinthehumangenomeresearcherssaytheymustinvestigateanevenmorecomplicatedsetofmolecules-proteins.Genesaretheblueprintsformakingproteinsandthe"sequence"ofagene—itsstructuralpattern—determinesthekindofproteinitmakes.Someproteinsbecomebuildingblocksforstructuralpartsofthecell.Otherproteinsbecomemolecular"machines"enzymeshormonesantibodiesthatcarryoutthemyriadactivitiesnecessarytokeepthecellandthebodyworkingproperly. Withanunderstandingofhumanproteinsortheproteomescientistswillbeabletofightdiseaseonmanyfronts.ForexamplescientistsattheCenterforProteomeAnalysisinOdenseDenmarkhaveisolatedaproteingalectinthatmayfightdiabetes.Diabetesseemstobecausedwheninsulin-producingcellsinthepancreasareinadvertentlykilledbythebody’simmunesystem. TheDanishscientistsspentyearsanalyzingtheproteinspresentindiabetes-proneanddiabetes-resistantcellsandtheytentativelyconcludedthatgalectinprotectsdiabetes-pronecellsfrombeingattackedbytheimmunesystem.Preliminaryanimaltestsinwhichthegalectingenehasbeeninsertedintodiabetes-pronecellsseemtoconfirmthehypothesis. EffectivecancerdrugsmayalsoarisefromadeeperunderstandingofgenesandproteinssaysKenCarterpresidentofTherapeuticGenomicsoneofthemanybiotechcompaniesworkingtodevisenewdrugsbasedongeneticknowledge.Soonscientistswillbeabletoquicklyandaccuratelycomparecancertissuewithnormaltissuetoseewhichgenesare"switchedon"andmakingproteinsandwhichgenesarenothesays. "Ifyoufoundagenethatwashighlyexpressedinprostatecancercellsbutnotothertissuesyoucoulddeducethatgenewasinvolvedinprostatecancer"accordingtoCarter."Wewouldtrytodevelopinthelabawaytoblocktheexpressionofthatgene."Onepossibilitywouldbea"smallmolecule"drugthatwouldattachtoandinactivatethatgene’sprotein. Finallydrugsthemselveswilllikelybecomesaferandmoreeffectivebecausetheywillbetailoredtoanindividual’sgeneticabilitytoprocessmedicinespredictsRobertWaterstondirectoroftheHumanGenomeProjectsequencingcenteratWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis. Inthefutureabloodtestcouldshowhowmuchofaparticulardrug-processingenzymeapersonhasWaterstonexplains.Thedoctorwouldthenadjustthedoseaccordinglyorprescribeadrugcustomdesignedforthatperson’sgeneticmakeup.Thisnewfieldcalledpharmacogenomicsshouldeliminatemanyofthedrugsideeffectsthatresultfromourcurrentcrudermethodsofdeterminingdosage. Judgingfromitsformationthewordpharmacogenomicsprobablyrefersto
Lotsofcreaturesalreadyreproducewithoutsex.SincethebirthofLouiseBrownthefirsttest-tubebabyin19781ofhumanbeings2inlaboratoryglasswareratherthaninbed. Ifhumancloningbecomespossible—andsincethebirthofasheepcalledDolly3doubtthatitwillbefeasibletocloneapersonby2025—eventhelinkbetweensexorgansandreproduction4.Youwillthenbeabletotakeacuttingfromyourbodyandgrowanewperson5youwereawillowtree. 6wehavealreadydivorcedsexfromreproduction.Inthe1960sthecontraceptivepillfreedwomentoenjoysexforitsownsake.7greatertoleranceofhomosexualitysignaledsociety’sacceptanceofnonreproductivesexofanothersort.Thesechangesareonlycontinuationsofa8thatstartedperhapsamillionyearsago. Humanbeings9theinterestininfertilesocialsexwithafewotherspecies:dolphinsapesandsomebirds.But10sexistoogoodforhumanbeingsto11moreandmorepeoplewillabandonitasa12ofreproduction. Inthemodernworldyoucan13havesexandparenthoodwithoutsufferingthebit14.SomeHollywoodactresses15theurgeformotheringbyelectingtoadoptchildren16spoiltheirfiguresastheyseeitbychildbearing.Forpeopleasbeautifulasthisthetemptationto17aclonerearedinasurrogatewombcouldonedaybe18. Howeverhumancloninganddesignerbabiesareprobablynot19.Evenassumingthattheproceduresarejudgedsafeandefficientinfarmanimalsstillalongwayofftheywillbeheavily20ifnotbannedbymanygovernmentsforhumanbeings. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.19
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WhenIwas13mymotherdied.ThroughmyownsorrowIwasawareofthegreatlossthiswastoPop.Buthemadeonlyonereferencetohisownmisery.Hesaid"Tobehappyeverydayistobenothappyatall."Hewassayingtohissonsthathappinessisnotastateyouachieveandkeepbutsomethingthatmustbewonoverandovernomatterwhatthedefeatsandlosses. LaterthatyearIgotajobasanentertainerinsmallclubsandsuddenlyIknewthiswasthecareerIhadbeensearchingfor.TheworldofthetheaterwasfarremovedfromtheworldofmyfatheryetIfoundmyselfreturningtohimtimeandagainforthesamereasonhisfriendsdid. WhenIwas20Igotwhateveryactordreamsof—apermanentjob!AtthattimeatthedepthofthedepressionactorswereoutofworkbythehundredsyetIwantedtoquitthatjobbecauseIneedednewexperiencesandchallenges. Popheardmeoutthensaid"Therearesomepeoplewhoalwayshavetotestthemselvestostretchtheirwingsandtrynewwinds.Ifyouthinkyoucanfindmorehappinessandusefulnessthiswaythenyoushoulddoit."ThisadvicecamefromamanwhoneverleftasecurejobinhislifewhohadtheEuropeantraditionoffamilyresponsibilitybutwhoknewIwasdifferent.HeunderstoodwhatIneededtodoandhehelpedmedoit. ForthenextfewyearsIworkedinclubsandthenIgotmybigbreakappearinginamajormovie.AfterthatIwenttoHollywoodandfromthenonPoplivedwithmeandmyfamilythere.Wehadabigpartyoneevening.ThatnightIthoughtPopmightenjoyhearingsomeoftheoldfolksongsweusedtosingathome.WhenIbegantosingthemusicandthememoriesweretoomuchforhimtoresistandhecameovertojoinme.Ifadedawayandhewasinthemiddleoftheroomsingingalone—inacleartruevoice.Hesangfor15minutesbeforesomeoftheworld’shighest-paidstars.ThissimplekindlyoldmansingingofourEuropeanrootshadtouchedsomethingdeepinthesesophisticatedpeople.Whenhefinishedtherewasoverwhelmingapplause. Iknewtheapplausethatnightwasnotjustforaperformance;itwasforaman. Judgingfromthecontexttheauthor’scareerismostprobably
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Scienceisawayofthinkingmuchmorethanitisabodyofknowledge.46Itsgoalistofindouthowtheworldworkstoseekwhatregularitiestheremaybetopenetratetotheconnectionsofthings—fromsubnuclearparticleswhichmaybetheconstituentsofallmattertolivingorganismsthehumansocialcommunityandhencetothecosmosasawhole.Ourintuitionisbynomeansaninfallibleguide.Ourperceptionsmaybedistortedbytrainingandprejudiceormerelybecauseofthelimitationsofthephenomenaoftheworld.47EvensostraightforwardaquestionaswhetherintheabsenceoffrictionapoundofleadfallsfasterthanagramoffluffwasansweredincorrectlybyAristotleandalmosteveryoneelsebeforethetimeofGalileo.Scienceisbasedonexperimentonawillingnesstochallengeolddogmaonanopennesstoseetheuniverseasitreallyis.Accordinglysciencesometimesrequirescourage—attheveryleastthecouragetoquestiontheconventionalwisdom. 48Beyondthisthemaintrickofscienceistoreallythinkofsomething:theshapeofcloudsandtheiroccasionalsharpbottomedgesatthesamealtitudeeverywhereinthesky;theformationofadewdroponaleaf;theoriginofanameoraword;thereasonforhumansocialcustoms—theincesttabooforexample;howitisthatalensinsunlightcanmakepaperburn;howa"walkingstick"gottolooksomuchlikeatwig;whytheMoonseemstofollowusaswewalk;whatpreventsusfromdiggingaholedowntothecenteroftheEarth;whatthedefinitionisof"down"onasphericalearth;howitispossibleforthebodytoconvertyesterday’slunchintotoday’smuscleandsinew;orhowfarisup—doestheuniversegoonforeverorifitdoesnotisthereanymeaningtothequestionofwhatliesontheothersideSomeofthesequestionsareprettyeasy.Othersespeciallythelastaremysteriestowhichnooneeventodayknowstheanswer.Theyarenaturalquestionstoask.49Everyculturehasposedsuchquestionsinonewayoranotherandalmostalwaystheproposedanswersareinthenatureof"JustSoStories"attemptedexplanationsdivorcedfromexperimentorevenfromcarefulcomparativeobservations. Butthescientificcastofmindexaminestheworldcriticallyasifmanyalternativeworldsmightexistasifotherthingsmightbeherewhicharenot.Thenweareforcedtoaskwhywhatweseeispresentandnotsomethingelse.WhyaretheSunandtheMoonandtheplanetsspheresWhynotpyramidsorcubesordodecahedraWhynotirregularjumblyshapesWhysosymmetricalworlds50Ifyouspendanytimespinninghypothesescheckingtoseewhethertheymakesensewhethertheyconformtowhatelseweknowthinkingoftestsyoucanposetosubstantiateordeflateyourhypothesesyouwillfindyourselfdoingscience.Andasyoucometopracticethishabitofthoughtmoreandmoreyouwillgetbetterandbetteratit. EveryculturehasposedsuchquestionsinonewayoranotherandalmostalwaystheproposedanswersareinthenatureofJustSoStoriesattemptedexplanationsdivorcedfromexperimentorevenfromcarefulcomparativeobservations.
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Lotsofcreaturesalreadyreproducewithoutsex.SincethebirthofLouiseBrownthefirsttest-tubebabyin19781ofhumanbeings2inlaboratoryglasswareratherthaninbed. Ifhumancloningbecomespossible—andsincethebirthofasheepcalledDolly3doubtthatitwillbefeasibletocloneapersonby2025—eventhelinkbetweensexorgansandreproduction4.Youwillthenbeabletotakeacuttingfromyourbodyandgrowanewperson5youwereawillowtree. 6wehavealreadydivorcedsexfromreproduction.Inthe1960sthecontraceptivepillfreedwomentoenjoysexforitsownsake.7greatertoleranceofhomosexualitysignaledsociety’sacceptanceofnonreproductivesexofanothersort.Thesechangesareonlycontinuationsofa8thatstartedperhapsamillionyearsago. Humanbeings9theinterestininfertilesocialsexwithafewotherspecies:dolphinsapesandsomebirds.But10sexistoogoodforhumanbeingsto11moreandmorepeoplewillabandonitasa12ofreproduction. Inthemodernworldyoucan13havesexandparenthoodwithoutsufferingthebit14.SomeHollywoodactresses15theurgeformotheringbyelectingtoadoptchildren16spoiltheirfiguresastheyseeitbychildbearing.Forpeopleasbeautifulasthisthetemptationto17aclonerearedinasurrogatewombcouldonedaybe18. Howeverhumancloninganddesignerbabiesareprobablynot19.Evenassumingthattheproceduresarejudgedsafeandefficientinfarmanimalsstillalongwayofftheywillbeheavily20ifnotbannedbymanygovernmentsforhumanbeings. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.11
与邪交争驱邪外出属于气的
JohnWinstonLennonwasbornintoaworldatwarwithitself—aperfectsymboloftheinternalcontradictionsthatdefinedhislifeandmusic.Germanaircraftweredroppingbombsonhiscityattheverymomentofhisarrival. 41____________.LennonalsohadapowerfulattachmenttohismotherJuliathatlingeredlongaftershediedin1958;theclassic1968albumTheBeatlesknownasthe"WhiteAlbum"foritswhitealbumlinerincludedhissong"Julia"—anexquisiteexpressionofrawsorrow.WhenheandMcCartneyfirstmetonJuly6th1957—atachurchpicnicwhereLennon’sbandwasastarattraction—Lennonwasbuddingintoafusionofboldattitudekeenwitandhonestcharm.TheBeatlesgavehimtheroomtobloom. 42____________. Inafewwaysthecurrentboy-bandphenomenonissimplytheBeatleswithamoderntwist:hugerecordsalesadoringyoungwomenqueueduponthesidewalksoutsidetheirconcertsandthecircus-likeatmospheresurroundingtheireverymove.WithhissharphandsomefeaturesandanattractivewarmthcontrastedbyhisacidturnofphraseLennonevokedasmuchhystericalfemaledesireasanymemberoftheBackStreetBoysifnotallofthemputtogether.43____________. LennonandOnoskillfullyusedthedisbeliefandscornthatoftengreetedtheirprovocativeexploitstopromotetheirpeacecampaigns:demonstratingintheirbedclothesforanendtotheVietnamWarinthespringof1969andpayingforhuge"WARISOVER!"signsintwelvecitiesaroundtheworldthefollowingChristmas.44____________. ApeculiarironyofLennon’sstoryisthewaywetendtoworshiptheManandtheBeatleattheexpenseofthesoloartist.TobefrankLennonwasnotalwaysterrificonhisown.45____________. A.TodaythepopularityoftheBeatlesseemslikeadistantmiracleanancientexplosionofenergeticteenagejoy.Survivingfilmsandhistoricalaccountsonlyhintatthemagicofthetwoyears1963and1964inwhichtheBeatlesbroughtBritainandthenAmericahappilytotheirknees. B.TheBeatlesworesuitsandchattedcheerfullywithreportersinthatfirstcoupleofyears.Theyalsomovedquicklytoseizecontrol—oftheirmusictheircareersandtheirindividualdestinies. C.HisimageastheintellectualBeatle—theshybrilliantseekeroftruthwithastubbornstreakandasmartmouth—wasrootedinhisdaysasawould-beartstudentandteenagerebelwitharemarkableintellect.HefoundsubstitutefatherfiguresinAmericanrockmusicians. D.OnthefinaldayofhislifeLennongaveaninterviewtopromotewhatwouldbehisfinalalbum.Whenaskedabouthis1971singlerecording"PowertothePeople"Lennonsaidhenowbelievedthatpeopledohavethepower."Idon’tmeanthepowerofthegun"heexplained."Theyhavethepowertomakeandcreatethesocietytheywant." E.ThecoupleplantedtreesforpeaceatCoventryCathedralinEnglandandinearly1970cuttheirhairforpeace.InopenlycourtingpublicscornLennonandOnoengineeredavitalpublicdebateaboutpeaceandloveasrealisticgoalsnotjustnaivenonsense. F.Thekeylineinthose"WARISOVER!"signswasinthesmalltypenearthebottom:IFYOUWANTIT.WhenJohnLennondiedheleftuswithauniquebodyofworkandthemostvaluablelessonrock&rollhastooffer:anythingispossible—ifyouwantit. G.HeneverdidbetterthantheintensityandhowlofhisJohnLennon/PlasticOnoBandalbumbutthereismuchinLennon’spost-Beatlemusictobeappreciated.Recordedduringhisso-calledlostweekend—aperiodofseparationfromOno—the1974albumWallsandBridgesisastrikingtestimonytothewretcheddesperationhefelt. 41
Scienceisawayofthinkingmuchmorethanitisabodyofknowledge.46Itsgoalistofindouthowtheworldworkstoseekwhatregularitiestheremaybetopenetratetotheconnectionsofthings—fromsubnuclearparticleswhichmaybetheconstituentsofallmattertolivingorganismsthehumansocialcommunityandhencetothecosmosasawhole.Ourintuitionisbynomeansaninfallibleguide.Ourperceptionsmaybedistortedbytrainingandprejudiceormerelybecauseofthelimitationsofthephenomenaoftheworld.47EvensostraightforwardaquestionaswhetherintheabsenceoffrictionapoundofleadfallsfasterthanagramoffluffwasansweredincorrectlybyAristotleandalmosteveryoneelsebeforethetimeofGalileo.Scienceisbasedonexperimentonawillingnesstochallengeolddogmaonanopennesstoseetheuniverseasitreallyis.Accordinglysciencesometimesrequirescourage—attheveryleastthecouragetoquestiontheconventionalwisdom. 48Beyondthisthemaintrickofscienceistoreallythinkofsomething:theshapeofcloudsandtheiroccasionalsharpbottomedgesatthesamealtitudeeverywhereinthesky;theformationofadewdroponaleaf;theoriginofanameoraword;thereasonforhumansocialcustoms—theincesttabooforexample;howitisthatalensinsunlightcanmakepaperburn;howa"walkingstick"gottolooksomuchlikeatwig;whytheMoonseemstofollowusaswewalk;whatpreventsusfromdiggingaholedowntothecenteroftheEarth;whatthedefinitionisof"down"onasphericalearth;howitispossibleforthebodytoconvertyesterday’slunchintotoday’smuscleandsinew;orhowfarisup—doestheuniversegoonforeverorifitdoesnotisthereanymeaningtothequestionofwhatliesontheothersideSomeofthesequestionsareprettyeasy.Othersespeciallythelastaremysteriestowhichnooneeventodayknowstheanswer.Theyarenaturalquestionstoask.49Everyculturehasposedsuchquestionsinonewayoranotherandalmostalwaystheproposedanswersareinthenatureof"JustSoStories"attemptedexplanationsdivorcedfromexperimentorevenfromcarefulcomparativeobservations. Butthescientificcastofmindexaminestheworldcriticallyasifmanyalternativeworldsmightexistasifotherthingsmightbeherewhicharenot.Thenweareforcedtoaskwhywhatweseeispresentandnotsomethingelse.WhyaretheSunandtheMoonandtheplanetsspheresWhynotpyramidsorcubesordodecahedraWhynotirregularjumblyshapesWhysosymmetricalworlds50Ifyouspendanytimespinninghypothesescheckingtoseewhethertheymakesensewhethertheyconformtowhatelseweknowthinkingoftestsyoucanposetosubstantiateordeflateyourhypothesesyouwillfindyourselfdoingscience.Andasyoucometopracticethishabitofthoughtmoreandmoreyouwillgetbetterandbetteratit. EvensostraightforwardaquestionaswhetherintheabsenceoffrictionapoundofleadfallsfasterthanagramoffluffwasansweredincorrectlybyAristotleandalmosteveryoneelsebeforethetimeofGalileo.
Asimplepairofpantsmaycontainamultitudeofmeanings.Inthe1850sjeansweretheunemotionaldurabledressofthosethatcametoCaliforniatolaborinthegoldfields.Seamswerestrengthenedwithmetalpinstomakethemholdatechnologyborrowedfromtheconstructionofhorseblankets.Clothforbeastsofburdenwastranslatedtotheneedsofmenofburden.Theseweretheclothesofhard-laboringpeopleandthesepantsheldlittlepromiseforthemenwhoworethemsavethepromisethattheywouldbereadyforthenextday’slabors. DuringthesamedecadeinthecourtofoneEuropeanqueen"thegownwornbyafashionableladyinattendancecontained1100yardsofmaterialnotincludinglaceandotherornaments."Americanwomenofwealthwerealsowrappedinanabundanceofcloth.Whilemakersofjeansworriedoverhowmanymencouldbefittedintoagivenamountofclothforwomenofwealththeconcernwaswithhowmanyyardsofclothcouldbeattractivelyarrangeduponagivenindividual.Thiswasthemarkofprosperity:towearenoughmaterialonone’sbacktoclothemanyofmoremodestmeans. Thefashionablerichcouldnotimaginethemselveswearingthevulgarcanvaspantsofworkersand"peasants".Neithercouldworking-classpeoplereasonablyimaginethemselvesinthecostumesofwealthandpower.Tileonlyfashionlinkbetweenthem—subtleatbest—wasthesterntophatofwealthycapitalistsacoal-blackcylindersymbolizingthefactorychimneypipesthatbroughtprofittoonehardshiptotheother.Bluejeansonlysignifiedlaborandsweat. Yearslatertheclothingofnineteenth-centurylaborerswouldassumenewanddifferentmeanings.Humblebeginningsbecameincreasinglyobscurewithintheunfoldingofpopularculture.InthemoviesthehorseridersoftheearlycattleindustrywererebornassymbolsofanobleruralsimplicityandbluejeansbecameconspicuouswithinthelandscapeoftheAmericanmedia.Onthescreenthesepantsteasedtheimaginationsofcityfolkwholongedforasimplerandlesscorruptlife.Whilelaborerswouldcontinuetowearthematworknowthewell-offmightputonapairathomeorinthegarden—anescapefromthedisciplineofthebusinessworld. Inthe1950sbluejeansbecameastatementbythosewhowishedtoboycottthevaluesofaconsumer-basedsocietythatwasconcernedonlywithacquisition.Blue-jeans-wearingrebelsofpopularmovieswereanexpressionofcontempttowardstheemptyandobedientsilenceofCold-WarAmerica;thepositiveimagesofAmericanconsumersocietywereundersiege.WhathadbeenapieceoftraditionalAmericanculture—bluejeans—becamearejectionoftraditionalculture. Accordingtothepassagethebluejeans’popularitywascausedby
Thepeoplewhoanswerthephonegetanendlessstreamofcallsfrompeoplewhoareextremelyupsetthattheirelectricitygotturnedoffjustbecausetheyfailedtopaytheirbillfor297monthsorpeopleaskingquestionslike"IsitOKtooperateanelectricappliancewhiletakingabath" Solet’ssaythatyouhaveagenuineproblemwithyourelectricbill.Thepeoplein"CustomerService"havenowayofknowingthatyou’reanintelligentrationalperson.They’regoingtolumpyouinwiththeusualnot-so-brightpublic.Asfarasthey’reconcernedtherelevantfactsinanydisputebetweenyouandthemarethese: 1.Theyhaveabunchofelectricity. 2.Youneedit. 3.Soshutup. Thisiswhymoreandmorethepeoplein"CustomerService"won’teventalktoyou.TheyprefertoletyoutalktotheconvenientAutomaticPhoneAnsweringSystemuntilsuchatimeasyoudieofoldage"...IfyourFIRSTnamehasmorethaneightlettersandyourLASTnamebeginswith’H’through’L’press251NOW.IfyourfirstnamehasLESSthaneightlettersandyourlastnamecontainsatleasttwo’E’spress252NOW.Ifyour..." SoisthereanywaythatyouthelowlyconsumercangaintheseriousattentionofalargeandpowerfulbusinessIampleasedtoreportthatthereISawaywhichIfoundoutaboutthankstoanalertreaderwhosentmeanewsreportfromRussia.AccordingtothisreportaRussianelectriccompanygotintoadisputewithacustomerandcutoffthecustomer’selectricity.ThiscustomerhoweverhappenedtobeaunitoftheRussianArmy.Sothecommanderorderedatanktodriveovertotheelectriccompany’sofficeandaimitsgunatthewindows.Theelectricitywasturnedrightbackon. OnbehalfofconsumerseverywhereIwanttokissthismilitarycommanderonthelips.ImeanwhataGREATconcept.Imagineasaconsumerhowmuchmoreseriouslyyourcomplaintwouldhetakenifyouwerecomplainingfrominsideavehiclecapableofreducingtheentire"CustomerService"departmenttotinysmokingpieces.WhatIamsayingis:ForgettheAutomatedPhoneAnsweringSystem.Getatank. Perhapsyouarethinking:"Butatankcostsseveralmilliondollarsnotincludingfloormats.Idon’thavethatkindofmoney." Don’tbesilly.You’reaconsumerrightYouhavecreditcardsright Perhapsyouarethinking:"YesbuthowamIgoingtopaythecredit-cardcompany" Don’tbesilly.Youhaveatankright Thetoneofthispassagemaybeconsideredas
Lotsofcreaturesalreadyreproducewithoutsex.SincethebirthofLouiseBrownthefirsttest-tubebabyin19781ofhumanbeings2inlaboratoryglasswareratherthaninbed. Ifhumancloningbecomespossible—andsincethebirthofasheepcalledDolly3doubtthatitwillbefeasibletocloneapersonby2025—eventhelinkbetweensexorgansandreproduction4.Youwillthenbeabletotakeacuttingfromyourbodyandgrowanewperson5youwereawillowtree. 6wehavealreadydivorcedsexfromreproduction.Inthe1960sthecontraceptivepillfreedwomentoenjoysexforitsownsake.7greatertoleranceofhomosexualitysignaledsociety’sacceptanceofnonreproductivesexofanothersort.Thesechangesareonlycontinuationsofa8thatstartedperhapsamillionyearsago. Humanbeings9theinterestininfertilesocialsexwithafewotherspecies:dolphinsapesandsomebirds.But10sexistoogoodforhumanbeingsto11moreandmorepeoplewillabandonitasa12ofreproduction. Inthemodernworldyoucan13havesexandparenthoodwithoutsufferingthebit14.SomeHollywoodactresses15theurgeformotheringbyelectingtoadoptchildren16spoiltheirfiguresastheyseeitbychildbearing.Forpeopleasbeautifulasthisthetemptationto17aclonerearedinasurrogatewombcouldonedaybe18. Howeverhumancloninganddesignerbabiesareprobablynot19.Evenassumingthattheproceduresarejudgedsafeandefficientinfarmanimalsstillalongwayofftheywillbeheavily20ifnotbannedbymanygovernmentsforhumanbeings. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.15
卫气的分布
Thepeoplewhoanswerthephonegetanendlessstreamofcallsfrompeoplewhoareextremelyupsetthattheirelectricitygotturnedoffjustbecausetheyfailedtopaytheirbillfor297monthsorpeopleaskingquestionslike"IsitOKtooperateanelectricappliancewhiletakingabath" Solet’ssaythatyouhaveagenuineproblemwithyourelectricbill.Thepeoplein"CustomerService"havenowayofknowingthatyou’reanintelligentrationalperson.They’regoingtolumpyouinwiththeusualnot-so-brightpublic.Asfarasthey’reconcernedtherelevantfactsinanydisputebetweenyouandthemarethese: 1.Theyhaveabunchofelectricity. 2.Youneedit. 3.Soshutup. Thisiswhymoreandmorethepeoplein"CustomerService"won’teventalktoyou.TheyprefertoletyoutalktotheconvenientAutomaticPhoneAnsweringSystemuntilsuchatimeasyoudieofoldage"...IfyourFIRSTnamehasmorethaneightlettersandyourLASTnamebeginswith’H’through’L’press251NOW.IfyourfirstnamehasLESSthaneightlettersandyourlastnamecontainsatleasttwo’E’spress252NOW.Ifyour..." SoisthereanywaythatyouthelowlyconsumercangaintheseriousattentionofalargeandpowerfulbusinessIampleasedtoreportthatthereISawaywhichIfoundoutaboutthankstoanalertreaderwhosentmeanewsreportfromRussia.AccordingtothisreportaRussianelectriccompanygotintoadisputewithacustomerandcutoffthecustomer’selectricity.ThiscustomerhoweverhappenedtobeaunitoftheRussianArmy.Sothecommanderorderedatanktodriveovertotheelectriccompany’sofficeandaimitsgunatthewindows.Theelectricitywasturnedrightbackon. OnbehalfofconsumerseverywhereIwanttokissthismilitarycommanderonthelips.ImeanwhataGREATconcept.Imagineasaconsumerhowmuchmoreseriouslyyourcomplaintwouldhetakenifyouwerecomplainingfrominsideavehiclecapableofreducingtheentire"CustomerService"departmenttotinysmokingpieces.WhatIamsayingis:ForgettheAutomatedPhoneAnsweringSystem.Getatank. Perhapsyouarethinking:"Butatankcostsseveralmilliondollarsnotincludingfloormats.Idon’thavethatkindofmoney." Don’tbesilly.You’reaconsumerrightYouhavecreditcardsright Perhapsyouarethinking:"YesbuthowamIgoingtopaythecredit-cardcompany" Don’tbesilly.Youhaveatankright Fromthefirstparagraphwemayinferthat
Lotsofcreaturesalreadyreproducewithoutsex.SincethebirthofLouiseBrownthefirsttest-tubebabyin19781ofhumanbeings2inlaboratoryglasswareratherthaninbed. Ifhumancloningbecomespossible—andsincethebirthofasheepcalledDolly3doubtthatitwillbefeasibletocloneapersonby2025—eventhelinkbetweensexorgansandreproduction4.Youwillthenbeabletotakeacuttingfromyourbodyandgrowanewperson5youwereawillowtree. 6wehavealreadydivorcedsexfromreproduction.Inthe1960sthecontraceptivepillfreedwomentoenjoysexforitsownsake.7greatertoleranceofhomosexualitysignaledsociety’sacceptanceofnonreproductivesexofanothersort.Thesechangesareonlycontinuationsofa8thatstartedperhapsamillionyearsago. Humanbeings9theinterestininfertilesocialsexwithafewotherspecies:dolphinsapesandsomebirds.But10sexistoogoodforhumanbeingsto11moreandmorepeoplewillabandonitasa12ofreproduction. Inthemodernworldyoucan13havesexandparenthoodwithoutsufferingthebit14.SomeHollywoodactresses15theurgeformotheringbyelectingtoadoptchildren16spoiltheirfiguresastheyseeitbychildbearing.Forpeopleasbeautifulasthisthetemptationto17aclonerearedinasurrogatewombcouldonedaybe18. Howeverhumancloninganddesignerbabiesareprobablynot19.Evenassumingthattheproceduresarejudgedsafeandefficientinfarmanimalsstillalongwayofftheywillbeheavily20ifnotbannedbymanygovernmentsforhumanbeings. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.9
WhenIwas13mymotherdied.ThroughmyownsorrowIwasawareofthegreatlossthiswastoPop.Buthemadeonlyonereferencetohisownmisery.Hesaid"Tobehappyeverydayistobenothappyatall."Hewassayingtohissonsthathappinessisnotastateyouachieveandkeepbutsomethingthatmustbewonoverandovernomatterwhatthedefeatsandlosses. LaterthatyearIgotajobasanentertainerinsmallclubsandsuddenlyIknewthiswasthecareerIhadbeensearchingfor.TheworldofthetheaterwasfarremovedfromtheworldofmyfatheryetIfoundmyselfreturningtohimtimeandagainforthesamereasonhisfriendsdid. WhenIwas20Igotwhateveryactordreamsof—apermanentjob!AtthattimeatthedepthofthedepressionactorswereoutofworkbythehundredsyetIwantedtoquitthatjobbecauseIneedednewexperiencesandchallenges. Popheardmeoutthensaid"Therearesomepeoplewhoalwayshavetotestthemselvestostretchtheirwingsandtrynewwinds.Ifyouthinkyoucanfindmorehappinessandusefulnessthiswaythenyoushoulddoit."ThisadvicecamefromamanwhoneverleftasecurejobinhislifewhohadtheEuropeantraditionoffamilyresponsibilitybutwhoknewIwasdifferent.HeunderstoodwhatIneededtodoandhehelpedmedoit. ForthenextfewyearsIworkedinclubsandthenIgotmybigbreakappearinginamajormovie.AfterthatIwenttoHollywoodandfromthenonPoplivedwithmeandmyfamilythere.Wehadabigpartyoneevening.ThatnightIthoughtPopmightenjoyhearingsomeoftheoldfolksongsweusedtosingathome.WhenIbegantosingthemusicandthememoriesweretoomuchforhimtoresistandhecameovertojoinme.Ifadedawayandhewasinthemiddleoftheroomsingingalone—inacleartruevoice.Hesangfor15minutesbeforesomeoftheworld’shighest-paidstars.ThissimplekindlyoldmansingingofourEuropeanrootshadtouchedsomethingdeepinthesesophisticatedpeople.Whenhefinishedtherewasoverwhelmingapplause. Iknewtheapplausethatnightwasnotjustforaperformance;itwasforaman. Thebigpartyoneeveningwasarrangedfor
下列各项行于脉中其性精纯柔和者为
Lotsofcreaturesalreadyreproducewithoutsex.SincethebirthofLouiseBrownthefirsttest-tubebabyin19781ofhumanbeings2inlaboratoryglasswareratherthaninbed. Ifhumancloningbecomespossible—andsincethebirthofasheepcalledDolly3doubtthatitwillbefeasibletocloneapersonby2025—eventhelinkbetweensexorgansandreproduction4.Youwillthenbeabletotakeacuttingfromyourbodyandgrowanewperson5youwereawillowtree. 6wehavealreadydivorcedsexfromreproduction.Inthe1960sthecontraceptivepillfreedwomentoenjoysexforitsownsake.7greatertoleranceofhomosexualitysignaledsociety’sacceptanceofnonreproductivesexofanothersort.Thesechangesareonlycontinuationsofa8thatstartedperhapsamillionyearsago. Humanbeings9theinterestininfertilesocialsexwithafewotherspecies:dolphinsapesandsomebirds.But10sexistoogoodforhumanbeingsto11moreandmorepeoplewillabandonitasa12ofreproduction. Inthemodernworldyoucan13havesexandparenthoodwithoutsufferingthebit14.SomeHollywoodactresses15theurgeformotheringbyelectingtoadoptchildren16spoiltheirfiguresastheyseeitbychildbearing.Forpeopleasbeautifulasthisthetemptationto17aclonerearedinasurrogatewombcouldonedaybe18. Howeverhumancloninganddesignerbabiesareprobablynot19.Evenassumingthattheproceduresarejudgedsafeandefficientinfarmanimalsstillalongwayofftheywillbeheavily20ifnotbannedbymanygovernmentsforhumanbeings. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.7
下列各项属于营气的生理功能为
Tounderstandtheroughly100000genesinthehumangenomeresearcherssaytheymustinvestigateanevenmorecomplicatedsetofmolecules-proteins.Genesaretheblueprintsformakingproteinsandthe"sequence"ofagene—itsstructuralpattern—determinesthekindofproteinitmakes.Someproteinsbecomebuildingblocksforstructuralpartsofthecell.Otherproteinsbecomemolecular"machines"enzymeshormonesantibodiesthatcarryoutthemyriadactivitiesnecessarytokeepthecellandthebodyworkingproperly. Withanunderstandingofhumanproteinsortheproteomescientistswillbeabletofightdiseaseonmanyfronts.ForexamplescientistsattheCenterforProteomeAnalysisinOdenseDenmarkhaveisolatedaproteingalectinthatmayfightdiabetes.Diabetesseemstobecausedwheninsulin-producingcellsinthepancreasareinadvertentlykilledbythebody’simmunesystem. TheDanishscientistsspentyearsanalyzingtheproteinspresentindiabetes-proneanddiabetes-resistantcellsandtheytentativelyconcludedthatgalectinprotectsdiabetes-pronecellsfrombeingattackedbytheimmunesystem.Preliminaryanimaltestsinwhichthegalectingenehasbeeninsertedintodiabetes-pronecellsseemtoconfirmthehypothesis. EffectivecancerdrugsmayalsoarisefromadeeperunderstandingofgenesandproteinssaysKenCarterpresidentofTherapeuticGenomicsoneofthemanybiotechcompaniesworkingtodevisenewdrugsbasedongeneticknowledge.Soonscientistswillbeabletoquicklyandaccuratelycomparecancertissuewithnormaltissuetoseewhichgenesare"switchedon"andmakingproteinsandwhichgenesarenothesays. "Ifyoufoundagenethatwashighlyexpressedinprostatecancercellsbutnotothertissuesyoucoulddeducethatgenewasinvolvedinprostatecancer"accordingtoCarter."Wewouldtrytodevelopinthelabawaytoblocktheexpressionofthatgene."Onepossibilitywouldbea"smallmolecule"drugthatwouldattachtoandinactivatethatgene’sprotein. Finallydrugsthemselveswilllikelybecomesaferandmoreeffectivebecausetheywillbetailoredtoanindividual’sgeneticabilitytoprocessmedicinespredictsRobertWaterstondirectoroftheHumanGenomeProjectsequencingcenteratWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis. Inthefutureabloodtestcouldshowhowmuchofaparticulardrug-processingenzymeapersonhasWaterstonexplains.Thedoctorwouldthenadjustthedoseaccordinglyorprescribeadrugcustomdesignedforthatperson’sgeneticmakeup.Thisnewfieldcalledpharmacogenomicsshouldeliminatemanyofthedrugsideeffectsthatresultfromourcurrentcrudermethodsofdeterminingdosage. AccordingtoKenCartereffectivecancerdrugsmayalsoarisebymeansof
JohnWinstonLennonwasbornintoaworldatwarwithitself—aperfectsymboloftheinternalcontradictionsthatdefinedhislifeandmusic.Germanaircraftweredroppingbombsonhiscityattheverymomentofhisarrival. 41____________.LennonalsohadapowerfulattachmenttohismotherJuliathatlingeredlongaftershediedin1958;theclassic1968albumTheBeatlesknownasthe"WhiteAlbum"foritswhitealbumlinerincludedhissong"Julia"—anexquisiteexpressionofrawsorrow.WhenheandMcCartneyfirstmetonJuly6th1957—atachurchpicnicwhereLennon’sbandwasastarattraction—Lennonwasbuddingintoafusionofboldattitudekeenwitandhonestcharm.TheBeatlesgavehimtheroomtobloom. 42____________. Inafewwaysthecurrentboy-bandphenomenonissimplytheBeatleswithamoderntwist:hugerecordsalesadoringyoungwomenqueueduponthesidewalksoutsidetheirconcertsandthecircus-likeatmospheresurroundingtheireverymove.WithhissharphandsomefeaturesandanattractivewarmthcontrastedbyhisacidturnofphraseLennonevokedasmuchhystericalfemaledesireasanymemberoftheBackStreetBoysifnotallofthemputtogether.43____________. LennonandOnoskillfullyusedthedisbeliefandscornthatoftengreetedtheirprovocativeexploitstopromotetheirpeacecampaigns:demonstratingintheirbedclothesforanendtotheVietnamWarinthespringof1969andpayingforhuge"WARISOVER!"signsintwelvecitiesaroundtheworldthefollowingChristmas.44____________. ApeculiarironyofLennon’sstoryisthewaywetendtoworshiptheManandtheBeatleattheexpenseofthesoloartist.TobefrankLennonwasnotalwaysterrificonhisown.45____________. A.TodaythepopularityoftheBeatlesseemslikeadistantmiracleanancientexplosionofenergeticteenagejoy.Survivingfilmsandhistoricalaccountsonlyhintatthemagicofthetwoyears1963and1964inwhichtheBeatlesbroughtBritainandthenAmericahappilytotheirknees. B.TheBeatlesworesuitsandchattedcheerfullywithreportersinthatfirstcoupleofyears.Theyalsomovedquicklytoseizecontrol—oftheirmusictheircareersandtheirindividualdestinies. C.HisimageastheintellectualBeatle—theshybrilliantseekeroftruthwithastubbornstreakandasmartmouth—wasrootedinhisdaysasawould-beartstudentandteenagerebelwitharemarkableintellect.HefoundsubstitutefatherfiguresinAmericanrockmusicians. D.OnthefinaldayofhislifeLennongaveaninterviewtopromotewhatwouldbehisfinalalbum.Whenaskedabouthis1971singlerecording"PowertothePeople"Lennonsaidhenowbelievedthatpeopledohavethepower."Idon’tmeanthepowerofthegun"heexplained."Theyhavethepowertomakeandcreatethesocietytheywant." E.ThecoupleplantedtreesforpeaceatCoventryCathedralinEnglandandinearly1970cuttheirhairforpeace.InopenlycourtingpublicscornLennonandOnoengineeredavitalpublicdebateaboutpeaceandloveasrealisticgoalsnotjustnaivenonsense. F.Thekeylineinthose"WARISOVER!"signswasinthesmalltypenearthebottom:IFYOUWANTIT.WhenJohnLennondiedheleftuswithauniquebodyofworkandthemostvaluablelessonrock&rollhastooffer:anythingispossible—ifyouwantit. G.HeneverdidbetterthantheintensityandhowlofhisJohnLennon/PlasticOnoBandalbumbutthereismuchinLennon’spost-Beatlemusictobeappreciated.Recordedduringhisso-calledlostweekend—aperiodofseparationfromOno—the1974albumWallsandBridgesisastrikingtestimonytothewretcheddesperationhefelt. 45
Lotsofcreaturesalreadyreproducewithoutsex.SincethebirthofLouiseBrownthefirsttest-tubebabyin19781ofhumanbeings2inlaboratoryglasswareratherthaninbed. Ifhumancloningbecomespossible—andsincethebirthofasheepcalledDolly3doubtthatitwillbefeasibletocloneapersonby2025—eventhelinkbetweensexorgansandreproduction4.Youwillthenbeabletotakeacuttingfromyourbodyandgrowanewperson5youwereawillowtree. 6wehavealreadydivorcedsexfromreproduction.Inthe1960sthecontraceptivepillfreedwomentoenjoysexforitsownsake.7greatertoleranceofhomosexualitysignaledsociety’sacceptanceofnonreproductivesexofanothersort.Thesechangesareonlycontinuationsofa8thatstartedperhapsamillionyearsago. Humanbeings9theinterestininfertilesocialsexwithafewotherspecies:dolphinsapesandsomebirds.But10sexistoogoodforhumanbeingsto11moreandmorepeoplewillabandonitasa12ofreproduction. Inthemodernworldyoucan13havesexandparenthoodwithoutsufferingthebit14.SomeHollywoodactresses15theurgeformotheringbyelectingtoadoptchildren16spoiltheirfiguresastheyseeitbychildbearing.Forpeopleasbeautifulasthisthetemptationto17aclonerearedinasurrogatewombcouldonedaybe18. Howeverhumancloninganddesignerbabiesareprobablynot19.Evenassumingthattheproceduresarejudgedsafeandefficientinfarmanimalsstillalongwayofftheywillbeheavily20ifnotbannedbymanygovernmentsforhumanbeings. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.17
Lotsofcreaturesalreadyreproducewithoutsex.SincethebirthofLouiseBrownthefirsttest-tubebabyin19781ofhumanbeings2inlaboratoryglasswareratherthaninbed. Ifhumancloningbecomespossible—andsincethebirthofasheepcalledDolly3doubtthatitwillbefeasibletocloneapersonby2025—eventhelinkbetweensexorgansandreproduction4.Youwillthenbeabletotakeacuttingfromyourbodyandgrowanewperson5youwereawillowtree. 6wehavealreadydivorcedsexfromreproduction.Inthe1960sthecontraceptivepillfreedwomentoenjoysexforitsownsake.7greatertoleranceofhomosexualitysignaledsociety’sacceptanceofnonreproductivesexofanothersort.Thesechangesareonlycontinuationsofa8thatstartedperhapsamillionyearsago. Humanbeings9theinterestininfertilesocialsexwithafewotherspecies:dolphinsapesandsomebirds.But10sexistoogoodforhumanbeingsto11moreandmorepeoplewillabandonitasa12ofreproduction. Inthemodernworldyoucan13havesexandparenthoodwithoutsufferingthebit14.SomeHollywoodactresses15theurgeformotheringbyelectingtoadoptchildren16spoiltheirfiguresastheyseeitbychildbearing.Forpeopleasbeautifulasthisthetemptationto17aclonerearedinasurrogatewombcouldonedaybe18. Howeverhumancloninganddesignerbabiesareprobablynot19.Evenassumingthattheproceduresarejudgedsafeandefficientinfarmanimalsstillalongwayofftheywillbeheavily20ifnotbannedbymanygovernmentsforhumanbeings. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.5
Lotsofcreaturesalreadyreproducewithoutsex.SincethebirthofLouiseBrownthefirsttest-tubebabyin19781ofhumanbeings2inlaboratoryglasswareratherthaninbed. Ifhumancloningbecomespossible—andsincethebirthofasheepcalledDolly3doubtthatitwillbefeasibletocloneapersonby2025—eventhelinkbetweensexorgansandreproduction4.Youwillthenbeabletotakeacuttingfromyourbodyandgrowanewperson5youwereawillowtree. 6wehavealreadydivorcedsexfromreproduction.Inthe1960sthecontraceptivepillfreedwomentoenjoysexforitsownsake.7greatertoleranceofhomosexualitysignaledsociety’sacceptanceofnonreproductivesexofanothersort.Thesechangesareonlycontinuationsofa8thatstartedperhapsamillionyearsago. Humanbeings9theinterestininfertilesocialsexwithafewotherspecies:dolphinsapesandsomebirds.But10sexistoogoodforhumanbeingsto11moreandmorepeoplewillabandonitasa12ofreproduction. Inthemodernworldyoucan13havesexandparenthoodwithoutsufferingthebit14.SomeHollywoodactresses15theurgeformotheringbyelectingtoadoptchildren16spoiltheirfiguresastheyseeitbychildbearing.Forpeopleasbeautifulasthisthetemptationto17aclonerearedinasurrogatewombcouldonedaybe18. Howeverhumancloninganddesignerbabiesareprobablynot19.Evenassumingthattheproceduresarejudgedsafeandefficientinfarmanimalsstillalongwayofftheywillbeheavily20ifnotbannedbymanygovernmentsforhumanbeings. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.13
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