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全身营养不良时,首先发生萎缩的组织或器官是
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全身营养不良时.首先发生萎缩的组织或器官是
脂肪组织
心肌
肝
脑
骨骼肌
全身营养不良时首先发生萎缩的组织或器官
肌肉组织
脂肪组织
肝、胃
脑
心肌
全身营养不良时首先发生萎缩的组织或器官是
肌肉组织
脂肪组织
肝、肾
脑
心肌
全身营养不良时首先发生萎缩的组织或器官是
心肌
骨骼肌
到下脂肪组织
脑
肝
全身营养不良时首先发生萎缩的组织或器官是
骨骼肌
脂肪组织
肝
脑
心肌
全身营养不良时首先发生萎缩的组织或器官是
心
肝
脑
脂肪组织
肌肉组织
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肾细胞癌的典型临床表现是
畸胎瘤
关于结节性甲状腺肿下列叙述哪一项是错误的
结核坏死灶光镜下改变
41____________________ Throughlazinessandcowardicealargepartofmankindevenafternaturehasfreedthemfromalienguidancegladlyremainimmature.Itisbecauseoflazinessandcowardicethatitissoeasyforotherstousurptheroleofguardians. Itissocomfortabletobeaminor!IfIhaveabookwhichprovidesmeaningformeadoctorwhowilljudgemydietformeandsoonthenIdonotneedtoexertmyself.Idonothaveanyneedtothink;ifIcanpayotherswilltakeoverthetediousjobforme.Theguardianswhohavekindlyundertakenthesupervisionwillseetoitthatbyfarthelargestpartofmankindincludingtheentire"beautifulsex"shouldconsiderthestepintomaturitynotonlyasdifficultbutasverydangerous. 42________________________ Itisdifficultfortheisolatedindividualtoworkhimseffoutoftheimmaturitywhichhasbecomealmostnaturalforhim.Hehasevenbecomefondofitandforthetimebeingisincapableofemployinghisownintelligencebecausehehasneverbeenallowedtomaketheattempt.Statuesandformulasthesemechanicaltoolsofaserviceableuseorrathermisuseofhisnaturalfacultiesaretheankle-chainsofacontinuousimmaturity.Whoeverthrewitoffwouldmakeanuncertainjumpoverthesmallesttrenchbecauseheisnotaccustomedtosuchfreemovement.Thereforethereareonlyafewwhohavepursuedafirmpathandhavesucceededinescapingfromimmaturitybytheirowncultivationofthemind. Butitismorenearlypossibleforapublictoenlightenitself:thisiseveninescapableifonlythepublicisgivenitsfreedom.Fortherewillalwaysbesomepeoplewhothinkforthemselvesevenamongtheself-appointedguardiansofthegreatmasswhoafterhavingthrownofftheyokeofimmaturitythemselveswillspreadaboutthemthespiritofareasonableestimateoftheirownvalueandoftheneedforeverymantothinkforhimself.43____________________ Throughrevolutiontheabandonmentofpersonaldespotismmaybeengenderedandtheendofprofit-seekinganddomineeringoppressionmayoccurbutneveratruereformofthestateofmind.Insteadnewprejudicesjustliketheoldoneswillserveastheguidingreinsofthegreatunthinkingmass.44___________________ ButIhearpeopleclamoronallsides:Don’targue!Theofficersays:Don’targuedrill!Thetaxcollector:Don’targuepay!Thepastor:Don’targuebelieve!…Herewehaverestrictionsonfreedomeverywhere.WhichrestrictionishamperingenlightenmentandwhichdoesnotorevenpromotesitIanswer:Thepublicuseofaman’sreasonmustbefreeatalltimesandthisalonecanbringenlightenmentamongmen. Thequestionmaynowbeput:Doweliveatpresentinanenlightenedage 45____________________ [A]Allthatisrequiredforthisenlightenmentisfreedom;andparticularlytheleastharmfulofthatmaybecalledfreedomnamelythefreedomformantomakepublicuseofhisreasoninallmatters. [B]Enlightenmentisman’sleavinghisself-causedimmaturity.Immaturityistheincapacitytouseone’sintelligencewithouttheguidanceofanother.Suchimmaturityisself-causedifitisnotcausedbylackofintelligencebutbylackofdeterminationandcouragetouseone’sintelligencewithoutbeingguidedbyanother.Havethecouragetouseyourownintelligence!ItisthereforethemottooftheEnlightenment. [C]Theansweris:Nobutinanageofenlightenment.Muchstillpreventsmenfrombeingplacedinapositiontousetheirownmindssecurelyandwellinmattersofreligion.Butwedohaveverydefiniteindicationsthatthisfieldofendeavorisbeingopenedupformentoworkfreelyandreducegraduallythehindrancespreventingageneralenlightenmentandanescapefromself-causedimmaturity. [D]Icallthissoaringwealthandshrinkingspirit"theAmericanparadox."Morethaneverwehavebighousesandbrokenhomeshighincomesandlowmoralesecuredrightsanddiminishedcivility.Weexcelatmakingalivingbutoftenfailatmakingalife.Wecelebrateourprosperitybutyearnforpurpose.Wecherishourfreedomsbutlongforconnection.Inanageofplentywefeelspiritualhunger. [E]Apubliccanonlyarriveatenlightenmentslowly. [F]Afterhavingmadetheirdomesticanimalsdumbandhavingcarefullypreventedthesequietcreaturesfromdaringtotakeanystepbeyondthelead-stringstowhichtheyhavefastenedthemtheseguardiansthenshowthemthedangerwhichthreatensthemshouldtheyattempttowalkalone.Nowthisdangerisnotreallysoverygreat;fortheywouldpresumablylearntowalkaftersomestumbling.Howeveranexampleofthiskindintimidatesandfrightenspeopleoutofallfurtherattempts. [G]Attitudesaboutdivorcehavedramaticallychanged.Inthepastitwasseenasthelastresortofawomanwhohadbeenbeatenuporcheatedon.Womenwerevictims.TodaymanywomenchoosetogetdivorcedbecausetheythinktheywillhaveabetterlifeasaSINDIthanbystayinginastalemarriage.In74percentofcasesitiswomenwhonowinstigatedivorceproceedings. 45
类风湿性关节炎的关节病变是
急性弥漫性增生性肾小球肾炎的病变包括
AmericanMuseumofNaturalHistoryisoneofthelargestnaturalandhistoricmuseumsintheworldandoneofthemainnaturalhistoryresearchandeducationcentresintheUnitedStatessetupin1869andlocatedinthewestoftheCentralParkManhattanDistrictNewYork.It17hectaresinitstotalarea2classicaltypesofbuildings.The3ofancientcreaturesandhumanityis4thefirstplaceofallthemuseumsintheworld5therepresentativesamplesfromSouthAmericaAfricaEuropeAsiaandAustraliawerecollectedbesidesthosefromthe6countrytheUnitedStates. Inthemuseumtherearefivekindsofexhibitsincludingastronomymineralogyhumanhistoryandanimalsinthe7timesandthoseinmoderntimes.Therearethirty-eightexhibitionhallswithdifferent8from500to1500squaremetres.BesidesthesethereisaRooseveltMemorialHallin9ofPresidentRooseveltwhosupportedthe10ofthemuseumwhichisalsousedtohaveaspecialexhibitionshowingthenewimportant11onnaturalsciencesand12affairsandsocialproblemsandspecialtopicsconnectedcloselywiththelifeofthecitizens.Besidesthisitisalsousedforavocation13tohaveallkindsofscientificactivitiesinthelaboratoriescentresofnaturalscienceandcentresforcitizens.Therearemorethan1014researchdepartmentsmainly 15 forcollectionofsamplesresearchandworkofpublication. Inthemuseumthereare16 andsub-librariesofAulspondancientamniotewithabout300thousandbooksandmagazines17naturalhistorymanyof 18 areveryvaluablemonographsforthefirstedition.Ithaspublishedmanyexpertbooksandmagazinesandalargenumberofpropagandamaterials19whicharethetwomagazinesNaturalHistoryandMembersofMuseumthathavethebiggest20oftheirmagazines. 19
一般来说下列哪一种变性的病变程度最轻
Fearseemstobethedominantmoodofthemoment.Hurricanestidalwavesfloodsearthquakesandterrorismthisyearhaveallbroughtwiththemnotonlyappallingscenesofdevastationdeathandsufferingbutalsooutrageatthelackofpreparationstoavoidorcopewiththesedisasters.Noweventhebirdsoftheairareathreatwearetold.Thatmigratingflockvisibleonthehorizonatsunsetonceaconsolingreminderoftheeternalrhythmsofnaturecouldbecarryingtheviruswhichmightsoonkilltensofmillionsofpeople. Giventhemanyfingerspointedatgovernmentsinthewakeofotherdisastersthisyearitishardlysurprisingthattheyarescramblingtorespondtothethreatposedbyavianinfluenza.AfterconfirmationthisweekthattheH5N1strainofbirdfluwhichhasbeenspreadingquicklyinAsiahadbeendiscoveredinRomaniaandperhapsGreeceEuropeanUnionforeignministersconvenedanemergencymeeting.PresidentGeorgeBushstillsmartingfromatorrentofcriticismofhisgovernment’sclumsyresponsetoHurricaneKatrinahaspromisedtorushoutemergencyplansfordealingwithanoutbreakofpandemicfluwhichhavebeenstalledforyears.CountriesaroundtheworldarehurryingtostockpiletheonlycurrentantiviraldrugTamifluwhichmightbeeffectiveinsavinglivesinanypandemicorcurbingitsspread.TheWorldHealthOrganisationiscallingforaninternationallyco-ordinatedeffort.HealthministersfromaroundtheglobeareduetomeetnextweekinCanadatodiscusswhatstepstotake. IsanyofthiseffortjustifiedOrarepoliticianssimplyhelpingtofeedpublicpanicandthencoveringthemselvesbypromisingtospendlavishlyagainstathreatwhichmaynevermaterializeandtoreduceariskwhichtheydonotunderstandToaskthesequestionsisnottocounselcomplacencybuttoapplythekindoftestwhichisrequiredinanykindofdisasterplanningnotleastbecausetheworldisaninherentlydangerousplaceanditisimpossibletoplanagainsteverypossibledisaster.Withthemediafullofwarningsofimpendingmassdeathanoverreactionisalltoopossible. Whichofthefollowingremarksonouravailableantiviralmedicationwouldtheauthormake
TheclueliesintheJapanesenamethathasbeenadoptedforthemaroundtheworld:tsunami.46Formedfromthecharactersforharbourandwaveandcommemoratedinthe19th-centurywoodblockprintbyHokusaithatdecoratessomanybooksandarticlesaboutthesubjectthewordshowsthatthesesuddendevastatingwaveshavemainlyinthepastoccurredinthePacificOceanringedasitisbyvolcanoesandearthquakezones.Thankstoonetsunamiin1946thatkilled165peoplemainlyinHawaiithecountriesaroundthePacifichavesharedatsunamiwarningcentreeversince.47ThosearoundtheIndianOceanhavenosuchcentrebeingluckyenoughnottohavesufferedmanybigtsunamisbeforeandunluckyenoughnottocounttheworld’stwobiggestandmosttechnologicallyadvancedeconomiestheUnitedStatesandJapanamongtheirnumber. SowhenonDecember26ththeworld’sstrongestearthquakein40yearsshooktheregionwithitsepicenterundertheseanearthenorthernmosttipoftheIndonesianarchipelagotherewasnoestablishedmechanismtopasswarningstothecountriesaroundtheocean’sshores.Therewouldhavebeenbetween90and150minutesinwhichtobroadcastwarningsbyradiotelevisionandloudspeakerintheareasmostaffectedtheIndonesianprovinceofAcehSriLankaandtheIndianchainoftheAndamanandNicobarislands.48Hadsuchwarningsbeenbroadcastthenmanyofthetensofthousandsofliveslostwouldhavebeensaved.49Howmanynobodycanknowforthetaskofevacuationwouldhavebeenfarfromeasyinmanyofthesecrowdedpoorandlow-lyingcoastalcommunities.Equallythoughitwillprobablyneverbeknownexactlyhowmanypeoplehavedied.50Whereasinmanydisasterstheinitialestimatesoffatalitiesprovetoohightheoppositeisoccurringinthiscase. 47
41____________________ Throughlazinessandcowardicealargepartofmankindevenafternaturehasfreedthemfromalienguidancegladlyremainimmature.Itisbecauseoflazinessandcowardicethatitissoeasyforotherstousurptheroleofguardians. Itissocomfortabletobeaminor!IfIhaveabookwhichprovidesmeaningformeadoctorwhowilljudgemydietformeandsoonthenIdonotneedtoexertmyself.Idonothaveanyneedtothink;ifIcanpayotherswilltakeoverthetediousjobforme.Theguardianswhohavekindlyundertakenthesupervisionwillseetoitthatbyfarthelargestpartofmankindincludingtheentire"beautifulsex"shouldconsiderthestepintomaturitynotonlyasdifficultbutasverydangerous. 42________________________ Itisdifficultfortheisolatedindividualtoworkhimseffoutoftheimmaturitywhichhasbecomealmostnaturalforhim.Hehasevenbecomefondofitandforthetimebeingisincapableofemployinghisownintelligencebecausehehasneverbeenallowedtomaketheattempt.Statuesandformulasthesemechanicaltoolsofaserviceableuseorrathermisuseofhisnaturalfacultiesaretheankle-chainsofacontinuousimmaturity.Whoeverthrewitoffwouldmakeanuncertainjumpoverthesmallesttrenchbecauseheisnotaccustomedtosuchfreemovement.Thereforethereareonlyafewwhohavepursuedafirmpathandhavesucceededinescapingfromimmaturitybytheirowncultivationofthemind. Butitismorenearlypossibleforapublictoenlightenitself:thisiseveninescapableifonlythepublicisgivenitsfreedom.Fortherewillalwaysbesomepeoplewhothinkforthemselvesevenamongtheself-appointedguardiansofthegreatmasswhoafterhavingthrownofftheyokeofimmaturitythemselveswillspreadaboutthemthespiritofareasonableestimateoftheirownvalueandoftheneedforeverymantothinkforhimself.43____________________ Throughrevolutiontheabandonmentofpersonaldespotismmaybeengenderedandtheendofprofit-seekinganddomineeringoppressionmayoccurbutneveratruereformofthestateofmind.Insteadnewprejudicesjustliketheoldoneswillserveastheguidingreinsofthegreatunthinkingmass.44___________________ ButIhearpeopleclamoronallsides:Don’targue!Theofficersays:Don’targuedrill!Thetaxcollector:Don’targuepay!Thepastor:Don’targuebelieve!…Herewehaverestrictionsonfreedomeverywhere.WhichrestrictionishamperingenlightenmentandwhichdoesnotorevenpromotesitIanswer:Thepublicuseofaman’sreasonmustbefreeatalltimesandthisalonecanbringenlightenmentamongmen. Thequestionmaynowbeput:Doweliveatpresentinanenlightenedage 45____________________ [A]Allthatisrequiredforthisenlightenmentisfreedom;andparticularlytheleastharmfulofthatmaybecalledfreedomnamelythefreedomformantomakepublicuseofhisreasoninallmatters. [B]Enlightenmentisman’sleavinghisself-causedimmaturity.Immaturityistheincapacitytouseone’sintelligencewithouttheguidanceofanother.Suchimmaturityisself-causedifitisnotcausedbylackofintelligencebutbylackofdeterminationandcouragetouseone’sintelligencewithoutbeingguidedbyanother.Havethecouragetouseyourownintelligence!ItisthereforethemottooftheEnlightenment. [C]Theansweris:Nobutinanageofenlightenment.Muchstillpreventsmenfrombeingplacedinapositiontousetheirownmindssecurelyandwellinmattersofreligion.Butwedohaveverydefiniteindicationsthatthisfieldofendeavorisbeingopenedupformentoworkfreelyandreducegraduallythehindrancespreventingageneralenlightenmentandanescapefromself-causedimmaturity. [D]Icallthissoaringwealthandshrinkingspirit"theAmericanparadox."Morethaneverwehavebighousesandbrokenhomeshighincomesandlowmoralesecuredrightsanddiminishedcivility.Weexcelatmakingalivingbutoftenfailatmakingalife.Wecelebrateourprosperitybutyearnforpurpose.Wecherishourfreedomsbutlongforconnection.Inanageofplentywefeelspiritualhunger. [E]Apubliccanonlyarriveatenlightenmentslowly. [F]Afterhavingmadetheirdomesticanimalsdumbandhavingcarefullypreventedthesequietcreaturesfromdaringtotakeanystepbeyondthelead-stringstowhichtheyhavefastenedthemtheseguardiansthenshowthemthedangerwhichthreatensthemshouldtheyattempttowalkalone.Nowthisdangerisnotreallysoverygreat;fortheywouldpresumablylearntowalkaftersomestumbling.Howeveranexampleofthiskindintimidatesandfrightenspeopleoutofallfurtherattempts. [G]Attitudesaboutdivorcehavedramaticallychanged.Inthepastitwasseenasthelastresortofawomanwhohadbeenbeatenuporcheatedon.Womenwerevictims.TodaymanywomenchoosetogetdivorcedbecausetheythinktheywillhaveabetterlifeasaSINDIthanbystayinginastalemarriage.In74percentofcasesitiswomenwhonowinstigatedivorceproceedings. 41
梗死
下列哪项关于纤维素性炎症的叙述是正确的
Fearseemstobethedominantmoodofthemoment.Hurricanestidalwavesfloodsearthquakesandterrorismthisyearhaveallbroughtwiththemnotonlyappallingscenesofdevastationdeathandsufferingbutalsooutrageatthelackofpreparationstoavoidorcopewiththesedisasters.Noweventhebirdsoftheairareathreatwearetold.Thatmigratingflockvisibleonthehorizonatsunsetonceaconsolingreminderoftheeternalrhythmsofnaturecouldbecarryingtheviruswhichmightsoonkilltensofmillionsofpeople. Giventhemanyfingerspointedatgovernmentsinthewakeofotherdisastersthisyearitishardlysurprisingthattheyarescramblingtorespondtothethreatposedbyavianinfluenza.AfterconfirmationthisweekthattheH5N1strainofbirdfluwhichhasbeenspreadingquicklyinAsiahadbeendiscoveredinRomaniaandperhapsGreeceEuropeanUnionforeignministersconvenedanemergencymeeting.PresidentGeorgeBushstillsmartingfromatorrentofcriticismofhisgovernment’sclumsyresponsetoHurricaneKatrinahaspromisedtorushoutemergencyplansfordealingwithanoutbreakofpandemicfluwhichhavebeenstalledforyears.CountriesaroundtheworldarehurryingtostockpiletheonlycurrentantiviraldrugTamifluwhichmightbeeffectiveinsavinglivesinanypandemicorcurbingitsspread.TheWorldHealthOrganisationiscallingforaninternationallyco-ordinatedeffort.HealthministersfromaroundtheglobeareduetomeetnextweekinCanadatodiscusswhatstepstotake. IsanyofthiseffortjustifiedOrarepoliticianssimplyhelpingtofeedpublicpanicandthencoveringthemselvesbypromisingtospendlavishlyagainstathreatwhichmaynevermaterializeandtoreduceariskwhichtheydonotunderstandToaskthesequestionsisnottocounselcomplacencybuttoapplythekindoftestwhichisrequiredinanykindofdisasterplanningnotleastbecausetheworldisaninherentlydangerousplaceanditisimpossibletoplanagainsteverypossibledisaster.Withthemediafullofwarningsofimpendingmassdeathanoverreactionisalltoopossible. Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat
胃肠道好发下列哪种肿瘤
Increasinglyoverthepasttenyearspeople—especiallyyoungpeople—havebecomeawareoftheneedtochangetheireatinghabitsbecausemuchofthefoodtheyeatparticularlyprocessedfoodisnotgoodforthehealth.Consequentlytherehasbeenagrowinginterestinnaturalfoods:foodswhichdonotcontainchemicaladditivesandwhichhavenotbeenaffectedbychemicalfertilizerswidelyusedinfarmingtoday.Naturalfoodsforexamplearevegetablesfruitandgrainwhichhavebeengrowninsoilthatisrichinorganicmatter.Insimpletermsthismeansthatthesoilhasbeennourishedbyunusedvegetablematterwhichprovidesitwithessentialvitaminsandminerals.Thisinitselfisanaturalprocesscomparedwiththeuseofchemicalsandfertilizersthemainpurposeofwhichistoincreasetheamount—butnotthequality—offoodsgrownincommercialfarmingareas.Naturalfoodsalsoincludeanimalswhichhavebeenallowedtofeedandmovefreelyinhealthypastures.Comparethiswithwhathappensinthemassproductionofpoultrytherearebatteryfarmsforexamplewherethousandsofchickenslivecrowdedtogetherinonebuildingandarefedonfoodwhichislittlebetterthanrubbish.Chickenskeptinthiswayarenotonlytastelessasfoodtheyalsoproduceeggswhichlackimportantvitamins.Thereareotheraspectsofhealthyeatingwhicharenowreceivingincreasingattentionfromexpertsondiet.Takeforexamplethequestionofsugar.Thisisactuallyanonessentialfood!Althoughanaturalalternativesuchashoneycanbeusedtosweetenfoodifthisisnecessarywecaninfactdowithoutit.ItistruethatsugarhasgrownsteadilyoverthelasttwocenturiesandinBritaintodayeachpersonconsumesanaverageof200pounds90kgayear!Yetallitdoesistoprovideuswithenergyintheformofcalories.Therearenovitaminsinitnomineralsandnofiber.Itissignificantthatnowadaysfiberisconsideredtobeanimportantpartofahealthydiet.Inwhitebreadforexamplethefiberhasbeenremoved.Butitispresentinunrefinedflourandofcourseinvegetables.Itisinterestingtonotethatincountrieswherethenationaldietcontainslargequantitiesofunrefinedflourandvegetablescertaindiseasesarecomparativelyrare.Hencetheemphasisisplacedontheeatingofwhole-mealbreadandmorevegetablesbymodernexpertsonhealthyeating.
Fearseemstobethedominantmoodofthemoment.Hurricanestidalwavesfloodsearthquakesandterrorismthisyearhaveallbroughtwiththemnotonlyappallingscenesofdevastationdeathandsufferingbutalsooutrageatthelackofpreparationstoavoidorcopewiththesedisasters.Noweventhebirdsoftheairareathreatwearetold.Thatmigratingflockvisibleonthehorizonatsunsetonceaconsolingreminderoftheeternalrhythmsofnaturecouldbecarryingtheviruswhichmightsoonkilltensofmillionsofpeople. Giventhemanyfingerspointedatgovernmentsinthewakeofotherdisastersthisyearitishardlysurprisingthattheyarescramblingtorespondtothethreatposedbyavianinfluenza.AfterconfirmationthisweekthattheH5N1strainofbirdfluwhichhasbeenspreadingquicklyinAsiahadbeendiscoveredinRomaniaandperhapsGreeceEuropeanUnionforeignministersconvenedanemergencymeeting.PresidentGeorgeBushstillsmartingfromatorrentofcriticismofhisgovernment’sclumsyresponsetoHurricaneKatrinahaspromisedtorushoutemergencyplansfordealingwithanoutbreakofpandemicfluwhichhavebeenstalledforyears.CountriesaroundtheworldarehurryingtostockpiletheonlycurrentantiviraldrugTamifluwhichmightbeeffectiveinsavinglivesinanypandemicorcurbingitsspread.TheWorldHealthOrganisationiscallingforaninternationallyco-ordinatedeffort.HealthministersfromaroundtheglobeareduetomeetnextweekinCanadatodiscusswhatstepstotake. IsanyofthiseffortjustifiedOrarepoliticianssimplyhelpingtofeedpublicpanicandthencoveringthemselvesbypromisingtospendlavishlyagainstathreatwhichmaynevermaterializeandtoreduceariskwhichtheydonotunderstandToaskthesequestionsisnottocounselcomplacencybuttoapplythekindoftestwhichisrequiredinanykindofdisasterplanningnotleastbecausetheworldisaninherentlydangerousplaceanditisimpossibletoplanagainsteverypossibledisaster.Withthemediafullofwarningsofimpendingmassdeathanoverreactionisalltoopossible. Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphofthetextthat
Theideaisasaudaciousasitaltruistic:provideapersonallaptopcomputertoeveryschoolchild—particularlyinthepoorestpartsoftheworld.Thefirststeptomakingthathappeniswhittlingthepricedownto$100.AndthatisthegoalofagroupofAmericantechno-gurusledbyNicholasNegropontethefounderofthefabledMITMediaLab.WhenheunveiledtheideaattheWorldEconomicForuminJanuaryitseemedwildlyambitious.Butsurprisinglyitisstartingtobecomeareality.Mr.NegroponteplanstodisplaythefirstprototypeinNovemberataUNsummit.Fourcountries—BrazilEgyptThailandandSouthAfrica—havesaidtheywillbuyover1munitseach.Productionisduetostartinlate2006. HowisthegroupcalledOneLaptopPerChildOLPCabletocreatealaptopsoinexpensivelyItismainlyamatterofcleverlycombiningexistingtechnologiesinnewways.ThelaptopwillhaveabasicprocessormadebyAMDflashmemoryinsteadofaharddiskwillbepoweredbybatteriesorahand-crankandwillrunopen-sourcesoftware.The$100laptopalsoputsallthecomponentsbehindthescreennotunderthekeyboardsothereisnoneedforanexpensivehinge.SofarOLPChasgotthepricedowntoaround$130. Butgoodnewsfortheworld’spoormaynotbesuchgreatnewsfortheworld’scomputermanufacturers.Thenewmachineisnotsimplyofinterestinthedevelopingworld.OnSeptember22ndMittRomneythegovernorofMassachusettssaidthestateshouldpurchaseoneforeverysecondary-schoolstudentwhentheybecomeavailable. Salestoschoolsarejustonewayinwhichthe$100laptopcouldchangethecomputerindustrymorebroadly.Bydepressingpricesandfuellingthetrendfor"good-enoughcomputing"wherecustomersupgradelessoftenitcouldeventuallyputpressureontheworld’sbiggestPC-makers. MittRomneyismentionedinthetextsoasto
TheclueliesintheJapanesenamethathasbeenadoptedforthemaroundtheworld:tsunami.46Formedfromthecharactersforharbourandwaveandcommemoratedinthe19th-centurywoodblockprintbyHokusaithatdecoratessomanybooksandarticlesaboutthesubjectthewordshowsthatthesesuddendevastatingwaveshavemainlyinthepastoccurredinthePacificOceanringedasitisbyvolcanoesandearthquakezones.Thankstoonetsunamiin1946thatkilled165peoplemainlyinHawaiithecountriesaroundthePacifichavesharedatsunamiwarningcentreeversince.47ThosearoundtheIndianOceanhavenosuchcentrebeingluckyenoughnottohavesufferedmanybigtsunamisbeforeandunluckyenoughnottocounttheworld’stwobiggestandmosttechnologicallyadvancedeconomiestheUnitedStatesandJapanamongtheirnumber. SowhenonDecember26ththeworld’sstrongestearthquakein40yearsshooktheregionwithitsepicenterundertheseanearthenorthernmosttipoftheIndonesianarchipelagotherewasnoestablishedmechanismtopasswarningstothecountriesaroundtheocean’sshores.Therewouldhavebeenbetween90and150minutesinwhichtobroadcastwarningsbyradiotelevisionandloudspeakerintheareasmostaffectedtheIndonesianprovinceofAcehSriLankaandtheIndianchainoftheAndamanandNicobarislands.48Hadsuchwarningsbeenbroadcastthenmanyofthetensofthousandsofliveslostwouldhavebeensaved.49Howmanynobodycanknowforthetaskofevacuationwouldhavebeenfarfromeasyinmanyofthesecrowdedpoorandlow-lyingcoastalcommunities.Equallythoughitwillprobablyneverbeknownexactlyhowmanypeoplehavedied.50Whereasinmanydisasterstheinitialestimatesoffatalitiesprovetoohightheoppositeisoccurringinthiscase. 49
metaplasia
IfsoldieringwasforthemoneytheSpecialAirServiceSASandtheSpecialBoatServiceSBSwouldhavedisintegratedinrecentyears.SuchhasbeentheexplosioninprivatemilitarycompaniesPMCsthattheyemployanestimated30000inIraqalone—andnogovernmentcanmatchtheirfatsalaries.AyoungSAStrooperearnsabout£2000$3500amonth;onthe"circuit"assoldierscalltheprivateworldhecouldget£15000.Whywouldhenot’ Forreasonsbothwarm-heartedandcool-headed.Firstforloveofregimentandcomradesbondsthattendtobetightestinthemostselectunits.Secondfortheoperationalsupportnotablyfieldmedicineandthesecurityincludinglifeassuranceandpensionthatcomewiththequeen’spaltryshilling. AlthoughtherehasbeennohaemorrhagingofspecialforceSFfighterstotheprivatesectortherehasbeenenoughofatrickletocauseofficialunease.AmemorecentlycirculatedintheMinistryofDefencedetailedthelossof24SFseniornon-commissionedofficerstoprivatecompaniesinthepastyear.Allhadcompleted22yearsofserviceandsowereeligibleforafullpensionandneartheendoftheircareers.Yetthereisnowashortageofhard-bittenveteranstofilltrainingandotherjobsearmarkedforthemunderasystemforretainingthemknownas"continuance." Americahasrespondedtotheproblembythrowingcashatitofferingincentivesofupto$150000tosignnewcontracts.TheMinistryofDefencehasfoundacheaperploy.IthasspreadthestoryoftwoBritishPMCemployeesrecentlykilledinIraqwhosebodieswereleftrottinginthesun. Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat
41____________________ Throughlazinessandcowardicealargepartofmankindevenafternaturehasfreedthemfromalienguidancegladlyremainimmature.Itisbecauseoflazinessandcowardicethatitissoeasyforotherstousurptheroleofguardians. Itissocomfortabletobeaminor!IfIhaveabookwhichprovidesmeaningformeadoctorwhowilljudgemydietformeandsoonthenIdonotneedtoexertmyself.Idonothaveanyneedtothink;ifIcanpayotherswilltakeoverthetediousjobforme.Theguardianswhohavekindlyundertakenthesupervisionwillseetoitthatbyfarthelargestpartofmankindincludingtheentire"beautifulsex"shouldconsiderthestepintomaturitynotonlyasdifficultbutasverydangerous. 42________________________ Itisdifficultfortheisolatedindividualtoworkhimseffoutoftheimmaturitywhichhasbecomealmostnaturalforhim.Hehasevenbecomefondofitandforthetimebeingisincapableofemployinghisownintelligencebecausehehasneverbeenallowedtomaketheattempt.Statuesandformulasthesemechanicaltoolsofaserviceableuseorrathermisuseofhisnaturalfacultiesaretheankle-chainsofacontinuousimmaturity.Whoeverthrewitoffwouldmakeanuncertainjumpoverthesmallesttrenchbecauseheisnotaccustomedtosuchfreemovement.Thereforethereareonlyafewwhohavepursuedafirmpathandhavesucceededinescapingfromimmaturitybytheirowncultivationofthemind. Butitismorenearlypossibleforapublictoenlightenitself:thisiseveninescapableifonlythepublicisgivenitsfreedom.Fortherewillalwaysbesomepeoplewhothinkforthemselvesevenamongtheself-appointedguardiansofthegreatmasswhoafterhavingthrownofftheyokeofimmaturitythemselveswillspreadaboutthemthespiritofareasonableestimateoftheirownvalueandoftheneedforeverymantothinkforhimself.43____________________ Throughrevolutiontheabandonmentofpersonaldespotismmaybeengenderedandtheendofprofit-seekinganddomineeringoppressionmayoccurbutneveratruereformofthestateofmind.Insteadnewprejudicesjustliketheoldoneswillserveastheguidingreinsofthegreatunthinkingmass.44___________________ ButIhearpeopleclamoronallsides:Don’targue!Theofficersays:Don’targuedrill!Thetaxcollector:Don’targuepay!Thepastor:Don’targuebelieve!…Herewehaverestrictionsonfreedomeverywhere.WhichrestrictionishamperingenlightenmentandwhichdoesnotorevenpromotesitIanswer:Thepublicuseofaman’sreasonmustbefreeatalltimesandthisalonecanbringenlightenmentamongmen. Thequestionmaynowbeput:Doweliveatpresentinanenlightenedage 45____________________ [A]Allthatisrequiredforthisenlightenmentisfreedom;andparticularlytheleastharmfulofthatmaybecalledfreedomnamelythefreedomformantomakepublicuseofhisreasoninallmatters. [B]Enlightenmentisman’sleavinghisself-causedimmaturity.Immaturityistheincapacitytouseone’sintelligencewithouttheguidanceofanother.Suchimmaturityisself-causedifitisnotcausedbylackofintelligencebutbylackofdeterminationandcouragetouseone’sintelligencewithoutbeingguidedbyanother.Havethecouragetouseyourownintelligence!ItisthereforethemottooftheEnlightenment. [C]Theansweris:Nobutinanageofenlightenment.Muchstillpreventsmenfrombeingplacedinapositiontousetheirownmindssecurelyandwellinmattersofreligion.Butwedohaveverydefiniteindicationsthatthisfieldofendeavorisbeingopenedupformentoworkfreelyandreducegraduallythehindrancespreventingageneralenlightenmentandanescapefromself-causedimmaturity. [D]Icallthissoaringwealthandshrinkingspirit"theAmericanparadox."Morethaneverwehavebighousesandbrokenhomeshighincomesandlowmoralesecuredrightsanddiminishedcivility.Weexcelatmakingalivingbutoftenfailatmakingalife.Wecelebrateourprosperitybutyearnforpurpose.Wecherishourfreedomsbutlongforconnection.Inanageofplentywefeelspiritualhunger. [E]Apubliccanonlyarriveatenlightenmentslowly. [F]Afterhavingmadetheirdomesticanimalsdumbandhavingcarefullypreventedthesequietcreaturesfromdaringtotakeanystepbeyondthelead-stringstowhichtheyhavefastenedthemtheseguardiansthenshowthemthedangerwhichthreatensthemshouldtheyattempttowalkalone.Nowthisdangerisnotreallysoverygreat;fortheywouldpresumablylearntowalkaftersomestumbling.Howeveranexampleofthiskindintimidatesandfrightenspeopleoutofallfurtherattempts. [G]Attitudesaboutdivorcehavedramaticallychanged.Inthepastitwasseenasthelastresortofawomanwhohadbeenbeatenuporcheatedon.Womenwerevictims.TodaymanywomenchoosetogetdivorcedbecausetheythinktheywillhaveabetterlifeasaSINDIthanbystayinginastalemarriage.In74percentofcasesitiswomenwhonowinstigatedivorceproceedings. 43
AsanydiplomatfromBritainAustriaorTurkeycantellyouhandlingthelegacyofavanishedfar-flungempireisatrickybusiness.ButforGeorgiathegapbetweenoldgloryandpresentvulnerabilityisespeciallywide. Today’sGeorgiaisdiminishedbywarbuffetedbygeopoliticsandrecoveringfrompost-Sovietchaos.But800yearsagothecountrywasamightymilitaryculturalandecclesiasticalforce.ItsgreatestmonarchQueenTamaradefeatedmanyfoesincludingherfirsthusbandandbuiltfinemonuments.InhertimeGeorgiaalsohadabigstakeintheChristianlifeoftheHolyLand.FromJerusalemtotheBalkansGeorgia’spriestsartistsandchurch-builderswereactiveandrespected.SotoowereitspoetslikeShotaRustavelithenationalbardwhodedicatedanepictohisbelovedqueen. InbetweenseekingwesternaidandcopingwithpowercutsmodernGeorgiahaspledgedtokeepawaryeyeoneveryplacewherechurchesinscriptionsandfrescoestestifytoitsgoldenage.ThatincludesGreeceTurkeyBulgariaRomaniaandaboveallIsrael.LastyearGeorgianswereenragedwhenafrescoofRustaveliinaJerusalemchurchunderthecareoftheGreekOrthodoxPatriarchatewasdefacedthenbadlyrestored.ThisyearabetterrestorationwasdonebutGeorgiansnowwantapromisethatinallfuturerestorationtheirownexpertscantakepart.TheyalsowanttostoptheseepageofGeorgianfrescoesandiconssupposedlyunderthePatriarchate’scareontotheartmarket.SeveraltimesGeorgiahashadtouseitsmeagreresourcestobuybackpiecesofthenationalheritage.ThehopeisthatthingswillimprovewiththerecentelectionofanewJerusalemPatriarchafterhispredecessorwasoustedunderacloudofscandal. Georgia’stieswithIsraelaregoodthankstoathrivingGeorgian-Jewishcommunitywithhappymemoriesofitshomeland.GeorgiaalsogetsalongwithGreeceamidafugofsentimentalityoverlegendsabouttheArgonautsthatlinkthetwonations.ButcanthesewarmfuzzyfeelingstranslateintobetterprotectionforanancientcultureThatwillbeachallengeforGelaBezhuashviliwhosucceedsSalomeZourabichvilitheFrench-borndiplomatwhowassackedafterapowerstruggleasGeorgianforeignministeronOctober19th. AccordingtothetextGeorgiausedtobeinfluentialin
IfsoldieringwasforthemoneytheSpecialAirServiceSASandtheSpecialBoatServiceSBSwouldhavedisintegratedinrecentyears.SuchhasbeentheexplosioninprivatemilitarycompaniesPMCsthattheyemployanestimated30000inIraqalone—andnogovernmentcanmatchtheirfatsalaries.AyoungSAStrooperearnsabout£2000$3500amonth;onthe"circuit"assoldierscalltheprivateworldhecouldget£15000.Whywouldhenot’ Forreasonsbothwarm-heartedandcool-headed.Firstforloveofregimentandcomradesbondsthattendtobetightestinthemostselectunits.Secondfortheoperationalsupportnotablyfieldmedicineandthesecurityincludinglifeassuranceandpensionthatcomewiththequeen’spaltryshilling. AlthoughtherehasbeennohaemorrhagingofspecialforceSFfighterstotheprivatesectortherehasbeenenoughofatrickletocauseofficialunease.AmemorecentlycirculatedintheMinistryofDefencedetailedthelossof24SFseniornon-commissionedofficerstoprivatecompaniesinthepastyear.Allhadcompleted22yearsofserviceandsowereeligibleforafullpensionandneartheendoftheircareers.Yetthereisnowashortageofhard-bittenveteranstofilltrainingandotherjobsearmarkedforthemunderasystemforretainingthemknownas"continuance." Americahasrespondedtotheproblembythrowingcashatitofferingincentivesofupto$150000tosignnewcontracts.TheMinistryofDefencehasfoundacheaperploy.IthasspreadthestoryoftwoBritishPMCemployeesrecentlykilledinIraqwhosebodieswereleftrottinginthesun. Paragraph2iswrittento
亚急性感染性心内膜炎的赘生物有以下特点除外
Theideaisasaudaciousasitaltruistic:provideapersonallaptopcomputertoeveryschoolchild—particularlyinthepoorestpartsoftheworld.Thefirststeptomakingthathappeniswhittlingthepricedownto$100.AndthatisthegoalofagroupofAmericantechno-gurusledbyNicholasNegropontethefounderofthefabledMITMediaLab.WhenheunveiledtheideaattheWorldEconomicForuminJanuaryitseemedwildlyambitious.Butsurprisinglyitisstartingtobecomeareality.Mr.NegroponteplanstodisplaythefirstprototypeinNovemberataUNsummit.Fourcountries—BrazilEgyptThailandandSouthAfrica—havesaidtheywillbuyover1munitseach.Productionisduetostartinlate2006. HowisthegroupcalledOneLaptopPerChildOLPCabletocreatealaptopsoinexpensivelyItismainlyamatterofcleverlycombiningexistingtechnologiesinnewways.ThelaptopwillhaveabasicprocessormadebyAMDflashmemoryinsteadofaharddiskwillbepoweredbybatteriesorahand-crankandwillrunopen-sourcesoftware.The$100laptopalsoputsallthecomponentsbehindthescreennotunderthekeyboardsothereisnoneedforanexpensivehinge.SofarOLPChasgotthepricedowntoaround$130. Butgoodnewsfortheworld’spoormaynotbesuchgreatnewsfortheworld’scomputermanufacturers.Thenewmachineisnotsimplyofinterestinthedevelopingworld.OnSeptember22ndMittRomneythegovernorofMassachusettssaidthestateshouldpurchaseoneforeverysecondary-schoolstudentwhentheybecomeavailable. Salestoschoolsarejustonewayinwhichthe$100laptopcouldchangethecomputerindustrymorebroadly.Bydepressingpricesandfuellingthetrendfor"good-enoughcomputing"wherecustomersupgradelessoftenitcouldeventuallyputpressureontheworld’sbiggestPC-makers. Thecreationofthecheaplaptopmentionedinthetextrelieson
AsanydiplomatfromBritainAustriaorTurkeycantellyouhandlingthelegacyofavanishedfar-flungempireisatrickybusiness.ButforGeorgiathegapbetweenoldgloryandpresentvulnerabilityisespeciallywide. Today’sGeorgiaisdiminishedbywarbuffetedbygeopoliticsandrecoveringfrompost-Sovietchaos.But800yearsagothecountrywasamightymilitaryculturalandecclesiasticalforce.ItsgreatestmonarchQueenTamaradefeatedmanyfoesincludingherfirsthusbandandbuiltfinemonuments.InhertimeGeorgiaalsohadabigstakeintheChristianlifeoftheHolyLand.FromJerusalemtotheBalkansGeorgia’spriestsartistsandchurch-builderswereactiveandrespected.SotoowereitspoetslikeShotaRustavelithenationalbardwhodedicatedanepictohisbelovedqueen. InbetweenseekingwesternaidandcopingwithpowercutsmodernGeorgiahaspledgedtokeepawaryeyeoneveryplacewherechurchesinscriptionsandfrescoestestifytoitsgoldenage.ThatincludesGreeceTurkeyBulgariaRomaniaandaboveallIsrael.LastyearGeorgianswereenragedwhenafrescoofRustaveliinaJerusalemchurchunderthecareoftheGreekOrthodoxPatriarchatewasdefacedthenbadlyrestored.ThisyearabetterrestorationwasdonebutGeorgiansnowwantapromisethatinallfuturerestorationtheirownexpertscantakepart.TheyalsowanttostoptheseepageofGeorgianfrescoesandiconssupposedlyunderthePatriarchate’scareontotheartmarket.SeveraltimesGeorgiahashadtouseitsmeagreresourcestobuybackpiecesofthenationalheritage.ThehopeisthatthingswillimprovewiththerecentelectionofanewJerusalemPatriarchafterhispredecessorwasoustedunderacloudofscandal. Georgia’stieswithIsraelaregoodthankstoathrivingGeorgian-Jewishcommunitywithhappymemoriesofitshomeland.GeorgiaalsogetsalongwithGreeceamidafugofsentimentalityoverlegendsabouttheArgonautsthatlinkthetwonations.ButcanthesewarmfuzzyfeelingstranslateintobetterprotectionforanancientcultureThatwillbeachallengeforGelaBezhuashviliwhosucceedsSalomeZourabichvilitheFrench-borndiplomatwhowassackedafterapowerstruggleasGeorgianforeignministeronOctober19th. ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheprospectofGeorgia’sheritageprotection
IfsoldieringwasforthemoneytheSpecialAirServiceSASandtheSpecialBoatServiceSBSwouldhavedisintegratedinrecentyears.SuchhasbeentheexplosioninprivatemilitarycompaniesPMCsthattheyemployanestimated30000inIraqalone—andnogovernmentcanmatchtheirfatsalaries.AyoungSAStrooperearnsabout£2000$3500amonth;onthe"circuit"assoldierscalltheprivateworldhecouldget£15000.Whywouldhenot’ Forreasonsbothwarm-heartedandcool-headed.Firstforloveofregimentandcomradesbondsthattendtobetightestinthemostselectunits.Secondfortheoperationalsupportnotablyfieldmedicineandthesecurityincludinglifeassuranceandpensionthatcomewiththequeen’spaltryshilling. AlthoughtherehasbeennohaemorrhagingofspecialforceSFfighterstotheprivatesectortherehasbeenenoughofatrickletocauseofficialunease.AmemorecentlycirculatedintheMinistryofDefencedetailedthelossof24SFseniornon-commissionedofficerstoprivatecompaniesinthepastyear.Allhadcompleted22yearsofserviceandsowereeligibleforafullpensionandneartheendoftheircareers.Yetthereisnowashortageofhard-bittenveteranstofilltrainingandotherjobsearmarkedforthemunderasystemforretainingthemknownas"continuance." Americahasrespondedtotheproblembythrowingcashatitofferingincentivesofupto$150000tosignnewcontracts.TheMinistryofDefencehasfoundacheaperploy.IthasspreadthestoryoftwoBritishPMCemployeesrecentlykilledinIraqwhosebodieswereleftrottinginthesun. Inthelastparagraphofthetexttheauthorhas
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