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Enough sleep is important to health. The amount of sleep (21) depends on the age of the per son...
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A.Iwasheldupbythetrafficjam.B.That’sagoodprice.C.Ithinkso. D.Ifyourunyoumightcatchit.E.Thankyouverymuch.F.Nobodylikethis. G.Yeshewill.H.Idosomerunningeverymorning. Jane:Maryboughtthisdressfor5dollarssaving4dollars.Amber:
Increasinglyoverthepasttenyearspeople—especiallyyoungpeople—havebecomeawareoftheneedtochangetheireatinghabitsbecausemuchofthefoodtheyeatparticularlyprocessedfoodisnotgoodforthehealth.Consequentlytherehasbeenagrowinginterestinnaturalfoods.Foodswhichdonotcontainchemicaladditives添加剂andwhichhavenot’beenaffectedbychemicalfertilizerswidelyusedinfarmingtoday.79Naturalfoodsforexamplearevegetablesfruitandgrainwhichhavebeengrowninsoilthatisrichinorganic有机的matter.Insimpletermsthismeansthatthesoilhasbeennourishedbyunusedvegetablematterwhichprovidesitwithessentialvitaminsandminerals.Thisinitselfisanaturalprocesscomparedwiththeuseofchemicalsandfertilizersthemainpurposeofwhichistoincreasetheamount—butnotthequality—offoodsgrownincommercialfarmingareas.Naturalfoodsalsoincludeanimalswhichhavebeenallowedtofeedandmovefreelyinhealthypastures牧场.Comparethiswithwhathappensinthemassproductionofpoultry:therearefarmsforexamplewherethousandsofchickenslivecrowdedtogetherinonebuildingandarefedonfoodwhichislittlebetterthanrubbish.Chickenskeptinthiswayarenotonlytastelessasfoodtheyalsolayeggswhichlackimportant’vitamins.Thereareotheraspectsofhealthyeatingwhicharenowreceivingincreasingattentionfromexpertsondiet.Takeforexamplethequestionofsugar.Thisisactuallyanon-essentialfood!Althoughanaturalalternativesuchashoneycanbeusedtosweetenfoodifitisnecessarywecaninfactdowithoutit.Itisnotthatsugarisharmfulinitself.Butitdoesseemtobeaddictive:thequantityweusehasgrownsteadilyoverthelasttwocenturiesandinBritaintodayeachpersonconsumesanaverageof200poundsayear!Yetallitdoesistoprovideuswithenergyintheformofcalories.Therearenovitaminsinitnomineralsandnofiber.80Itissignificantthatnowadaysfiberisconsideredtobeanimportantpartofahealthydiet.Inwhitebreadforexamplethefiberhasbeenremoved.Butitispresentinunrefinedflourandofcourseinvegetables.Itisinterestingtonotethatincountrieswherethenationaldietcontainslargequantifiesofunrefinedflourandvegetablescertaindiseasesarecomparativelyrare.Hencetheemphasisisplacedontheeatingofwholemealbreadandmorevegetablesbymodemexpertsonhealthyeating.Peoplehavebecomemoreinterestedinnaturalfoodsbecause______.
"Hithere.How’sitgoing" "Ohfine.Fine.Howaboutthisweatherhuh" "WellIguesswecanalwaysusetherain." ’What’sthatThisstoryOhjustalittlelookatsmalltalk.Youknowthoseseeminglymeaninglessconversationsyouhavedozensoftimesaday.Maybeyou’rewaitingfortheelevator. Orinalineatthebank.Itallseemsprettytrivial.Idlechatterabouttrafficdoesn’tdomuchmorethanfilltheairwithemptywordsthatarequicklyforgotten.Butyoushouldknowthatsmalltalkactuallyhasabigplaceinourlives. PatOliverassistantprofessoronartssaysthat"Leftuncheckedsmalltalkcanbeaninvasion.It’ssopowerful.Itdoessomethingtoyou.""EverymorningafterspendinganhourandahalfonthefreewayIstartthedaywithsmalltalkwithmysecretary"Oliversays"IfIdon’tmakesmallconnectionwithanotherpersonIcan’twork." WhatcausesitAsaruleyou’reeithertryingtoforcesomethingintoyourlifeoryou’reusingconversationasaninvisibleforcefieldtokeepthemout.Youcanbewantingtoconnectwithanotherpersonandsmalltalkisyourintroductiontomoremeaningfulconversation. Thewaypeopleusesmalltalkisusuallydeterminedbywheretheyhappentobeatthetime. Taketheelevatorforinstance.Nowthere’sprimeterritory.Nobodyknowsanyoneandthere’snoreasontostartaconversationbutinvariablysomeonedoes.MakingconversationinsuchpeacefulsocialsettingsaccordingtoOliver"canconfirmyourterritory.It’sawayoffeelinglikedandaccepted." Thetopicsofsmalltalkdon’tmatter.Infactyoudon’twantanythingmoretaxingthantheweatherorthetraffic.It’snon-threateningtalkinathreateningsituation.Howevertheruleschangequicklywhenyou’rewithlotsofpeopledoinglotsoftalking. Let’ssayyou’reataparty.Nowit’stimetousesmalltalkasawayofmakingothersfeelmorecomfortablearoundyousoyoudon’tlooksillystandingbythefoodtablealoneallnight. Accordingtotheauthoratabigpartysmalltalkisusedwiththepurposeof
Insportthesexesareseparate.76Womenandmendonotrunorswiminthesameraces.Womenarelessstrongthanmen.Thatatleastiswhatpeoplesay.Womenarecalledtheweakersexorifmenwanttopleasethemthefairsex.Butboysandgirlsaretaughttogetheratschoolsanduniversities.TherearewomenwhoarefamousPrimeMinistersscientistsandwriters.Andwomenlivelongerthanmen.AEuropeanwomancanexpecttoliveuntiltheageof74amanonlyuntilheis68.Arewomen’sbodiesreallyweaker7Thefastestmencanrunamilein4minutes.Thebestwomenneed4.5minutes.Women’sspeedsarealwaysslowerthanmen’sbutsomefactsaresurpising.Someofthefastestwomenswimmerstodayareteenagegirls.Oneofthemswam400metresin4minutes21.2secondswhenshewasonly16.ThefirstTarzaninfilmswasanOlympicswimmerJohnnyWeissmuller.Hisfastest400metreswas4minutes59.1secondswhichis37.9secondsslowerthanagirl50yearslater!Thisdoesnotmeanthatwomenarecatchingmenup.Conditionsareverydifferentnowandsportismuchmoreserious.Itissoseriousthatsomewomenathletesaregivenhormone荷尔蒙injections.AttheOlympicsadoctorhastocheckwhetherthewomenathletesarereallywomenornot.Itseemssadthatsporthassuchproblem.Lifecanbeverycomplicatedwhentherearetwoseparatesexes!Womenarecalledtheweakersexbecause______.
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Amnesty大赦Internationalisaworld-widevolunteerorganizationfundedentirelybysubscriptionsanddonations.Itistotallyindependentofanygovernmentpoliticalfactionideologyeconomicinterestorreligiouscreed. Theorganizationworksforthereleaseof"PrisonersofConscience"-menwomenandchildrenimprisonedanywherefortheirbeliefscolorsexethnicoriginlanguageorreligion.Italsoseeksfairandimmediatetrialforallpoliticalprisonersdetained拘留withoutchargeandopposestortureandthedegradingtreatmentofprisoners.Itisalsoagainstthedeathpenaltyforalltypesofcrime. Amnestyworksbycollectinginformation.Whenithasproofthatapersonisa"PrisonerofConscience"thatperson’scaseishandedovertoalocalgroup.ThelocalgroupsareordinaryindividualswhobelieveinAmnesty’swork.Theysendletterstogovernmentsembassiesleadingnewspapersandtheprisoner’sfamilyandfriends.Theyalsocollectsignaturesandraisemoneytosendmedicinefoodandclothingtotheprisonersandtheirfamilies.Thesevolunteersusetheirfreedomofspeechtowinthesamefreedomfortheiradoptedprisoner. ParadoxicallyAmnestyInternationalisanorganizationthatwillonlybesatisfiedwhenithasbecomeredundant多余的. AmnestyInternationalwillgoonworkinguntil
Insportthesexesareseparate.76Womenandmendonotrunorswiminthesameraces.Womenarelessstrongthanmen.Thatatleastiswhatpeoplesay.Womenarecalledtheweakersexorifmenwanttopleasethemthefairsex.Butboysandgirlsaretaughttogetheratschoolsanduniversities.TherearewomenwhoarefamousPrimeMinistersscientistsandwriters.Andwomenlivelongerthanmen.AEuropeanwomancanexpecttoliveuntiltheageof74amanonlyuntilheis68.Arewomen’sbodiesreallyweaker7Thefastestmencanrunamilein4minutes.Thebestwomenneed4.5minutes.Women’sspeedsarealwaysslowerthanmen’sbutsomefactsaresurpising.Someofthefastestwomenswimmerstodayareteenagegirls.Oneofthemswam400metresin4minutes21.2secondswhenshewasonly16.ThefirstTarzaninfilmswasanOlympicswimmerJohnnyWeissmuller.Hisfastest400metreswas4minutes59.1secondswhichis37.9secondsslowerthanagirl50yearslater!Thisdoesnotmeanthatwomenarecatchingmenup.Conditionsareverydifferentnowandsportismuchmoreserious.Itissoseriousthatsomewomenathletesaregivenhormone荷尔蒙injections.AttheOlympicsadoctorhastocheckwhetherthewomenathletesarereallywomenornot.Itseemssadthatsporthassuchproblem.Lifecanbeverycomplicatedwhentherearetwoseparatesexes!Thatatleastiswhatpeoplesay.meanspeople
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Perhapsthereisonlythemoontocomparewithit.OfalltheachievementsofAmericanengineeringonlythelandingonthemoonandtheplantingthereofawrinkledflagcanrivaltheconstructionofPanamaCanalasanepoch-makingaccomplishment.TheSuezCanalthetrans-SiberianRailroadandtheTajMahalallpalebesideit.Thecanal’sconstructionismorecloselyakintothepyramidsofEgyptinitsscopeanddifficultyofexecutionbutinthemodernerathereisonlythemoon. LikethelandingonthemoontheconstructionofacanalacrossthenarrowIsthmusofPanamawasadreamlongbeforeitbecamereality.Asearlyas1534CharlesIofSpainproposedacanalatPanamabutitwouldtakenearly400yearsforbuilderstocatchupwithhisimagination. Whenthecanalfinallywasproposedrequiredallthecreativitythetwentiethcenturycouldmuster.Itwasthelargestpublicworkeverattempted.Itsengineershadtocontrolawildrivercutthecontinentaldivideconstructthelargestdamandmanmadelakeknowntothatdateandswingthelargestlockseverconstructedfromthebiggestcementstructuresthenpoured.Alongthewaytwooftheworld’smostdevastatingdiseaseshadtobewipedoutinoneoftheirgreateststrongholds.Andallofthiswastobedonewithouttheairplaneortheautomobile:KittyHawkroseintothehead-linesin1903——thesameyeartheU.S.signedatreatywithPanama——andtherewasnoreadacrosstheisthmusuntiltheWorldWarⅡ. IfPanamahashadanunusualroleinbygonedreamsitmostcertainlyhasastartlingrelationshiptothehardfactsofgeography.Thecountryisfarthereastthanmostpeopleimagine——thecanalandabouthalfofPanamaactuallylieeastofMiami.Becauseofthecountry’sshallow"S"shapeandeast-westorientationithasplaceswherethesunrisesinthePacificandsetsintheAtlantic.MoresignificantlyPanamaissqueezedintothenarrowestportionofCentral.Atthecanaljust43milesoflandseparateAtlanticandPacificshores.PerhapsevenmoreimportantPanamaoffersthelowestpointintheNorthAmericancontinentaldivide——originally312feetabovesealevelatthecanal’sCulebraCut.BycomparisonthelowestpassintheUnitedStatesisnearly5000feet. Whichofthesestatementsistrue
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Englandisnotabigcountry:fromnorthtosouthandfromeasttowestitisonlyaboutthreehundredmilesacross.Butforasmallcountryithasasurprisingrangeofclimate.PeoplewhohavenevervisitedEnglandorwhohavevisitedonlyonepartofitoftenmakesthemistakeofthinkingthatitisacoldandwetcountry.ExceptforthesummermonthsofJunetoSeptemberthisisprobablytrueofthenorthofEnglandandtheMidlands.Inthesouthhowevertheclimateismuchmorepleasant.Oneresultisthatwhenpeopleretirefromthejobinthenorththeyoftenprefertomovedowntothesouth. PerhapsthewarmestpartofthecountryisthesouthwestwhichconsistsofismadeupofthecountiesofDevonandCornwallwherepalmtreesbambooandmanysemitropicalplantsgrowwell.Flowersandvegetablesripenasmuchasamonthearlierthanthoseelsewhere.Farmersintheareasgainahigherpricefortheirvegetablesandflowersbecausetheyarereadyearlier.InwintertheremaybeseveralfeetofsnowinotherpartsofEnglandbuttherewillprobablybenosnowatallinthesouthwest.ThismaybeoneofthereasonswhythesouthwestisoneofEngland’smostpopularholidayareas. InwinterpeopleinDevonandCornwall
Ifellinlovewiththeminister’ssoninwinterwhenIturnedfourteen.HewasnotChinese.ForChristmasIprayedfortheboyRobert.WhenIfoundoutthatmyparentshadinvitedtheminister’sfamilyoverforChristmasEvedinnerIcriedinpanicWhatwould’RobertthinkofourshabbyChineseChristmasWhatwouldhethinkofournoisyChineserelativeswholackedproperAmericanmanners OnChristmasEvemymothercreatedabundantChinesefood.Andthentheyarrived--theminister’sfamilyandallmyrelatives.RobertgreetedhelloandIpretendedhewasnotworthyofexistence. Dinnerthrewmedeeperintodisappointment.Myrelativeslicked舔theendsoftheirchopsticksandreachedacrossthetable.Robertandhisfamilywaitedpatientlyforalargeplatetobepassedtothem.Myrelativesmurmuredwithpleasurewhenmymotherbroughtoutthewholesteamedfish.Robertmadeaface.Thenmyfatherreachedhischopsticksjustbelowthefisheyeandpickedoutthesoftmeat."Amyyourfavorite"hesaidofferingmethetenderfishcheek.Iwantedtodisappear. Attheendofthemealmyfatherleanedbackandburped打嗝loudlythankingmymotherforherfinecooking."It’sapoliceChinesecustomtoshowyouaresatisfied"explainedmyfathertoourastonishedguests.Robertwaslookingdownathisplatewithareddishface.Theministermanagedtobringupaquietburp.Iwasshockedintosilencefortherestofthenight. Aftereveryonehadgonemymothersaidtome"YouwanttobetheshameasAmericangirlsontheoutside."Shehandedmeanearlygift.Itwasaminiskirt."ButinsideyoumustalwaysbeChinese.Youmustbeproudyouaredifferent.Youronlyshameistohaveshame." ItwasnotuntilyearslaterthatIwasabletofullyappreciateherlessonandthepurposebehindherparticularmenu.ForChristmasEvethatyearshehadchosenexcellentChinesefood. WhatdoeshewasnotworthyofexistenceprobablymeanItmeans
Insportthesexesareseparate.76Womenandmendonotrunorswiminthesameraces.Womenarelessstrongthanmen.Thatatleastiswhatpeoplesay.Womenarecalledtheweakersexorifmenwanttopleasethemthefairsex.Butboysandgirlsaretaughttogetheratschoolsanduniversities.TherearewomenwhoarefamousPrimeMinistersscientistsandwriters.Andwomenlivelongerthanmen.AEuropeanwomancanexpecttoliveuntiltheageof74amanonlyuntilheis68.Arewomen’sbodiesreallyweaker7Thefastestmencanrunamilein4minutes.Thebestwomenneed4.5minutes.Women’sspeedsarealwaysslowerthanmen’sbutsomefactsaresurpising.Someofthefastestwomenswimmerstodayareteenagegirls.Oneofthemswam400metresin4minutes21.2secondswhenshewasonly16.ThefirstTarzaninfilmswasanOlympicswimmerJohnnyWeissmuller.Hisfastest400metreswas4minutes59.1secondswhichis37.9secondsslowerthanagirl50yearslater!Thisdoesnotmeanthatwomenarecatchingmenup.Conditionsareverydifferentnowandsportismuchmoreserious.Itissoseriousthatsomewomenathletesaregivenhormone荷尔蒙injections.AttheOlympicsadoctorhastocheckwhetherthewomenathletesarereallywomenornot.Itseemssadthatsporthassuchproblem.Lifecanbeverycomplicatedwhentherearetwoseparatesexes!Inthispassagetheauthorimpliesthat______.
Perhapsthereisonlythemoontocomparewithit.OfalltheachievementsofAmericanengineeringonlythelandingonthemoonandtheplantingthereofawrinkledflagcanrivaltheconstructionofPanamaCanalasanepoch-makingaccomplishment.TheSuezCanalthetrans-SiberianRailroadandtheTajMahalallpalebesideit.Thecanal’sconstructionismorecloselyakintothepyramidsofEgyptinitsscopeanddifficultyofexecutionbutinthemodernerathereisonlythemoon. LikethelandingonthemoontheconstructionofacanalacrossthenarrowIsthmusofPanamawasadreamlongbeforeitbecamereality.Asearlyas1534CharlesIofSpainproposedacanalatPanamabutitwouldtakenearly400yearsforbuilderstocatchupwithhisimagination. Whenthecanalfinallywasproposedrequiredallthecreativitythetwentiethcenturycouldmuster.Itwasthelargestpublicworkeverattempted.Itsengineershadtocontrolawildrivercutthecontinentaldivideconstructthelargestdamandmanmadelakeknowntothatdateandswingthelargestlockseverconstructedfromthebiggestcementstructuresthenpoured.Alongthewaytwooftheworld’smostdevastatingdiseaseshadtobewipedoutinoneoftheirgreateststrongholds.Andallofthiswastobedonewithouttheairplaneortheautomobile:KittyHawkroseintothehead-linesin1903——thesameyeartheU.S.signedatreatywithPanama——andtherewasnoreadacrosstheisthmusuntiltheWorldWarⅡ. IfPanamahashadanunusualroleinbygonedreamsitmostcertainlyhasastartlingrelationshiptothehardfactsofgeography.Thecountryisfarthereastthanmostpeopleimagine——thecanalandabouthalfofPanamaactuallylieeastofMiami.Becauseofthecountry’sshallow"S"shapeandeast-westorientationithasplaceswherethesunrisesinthePacificandsetsintheAtlantic.MoresignificantlyPanamaissqueezedintothenarrowestportionofCentral.Atthecanaljust43milesoflandseparateAtlanticandPacificshores.PerhapsevenmoreimportantPanamaoffersthelowestpointintheNorthAmericancontinentaldivide——originally312feetabovesealevelatthecanal’sCulebraCut.BycomparisonthelowestpassintheUnitedStatesisnearly5000feet. AcanalinPanamawasfirstproposedinthe
Astampisjustapiecewithapictureandsomewordsprintedononesideandsomeglueontheotherside.WhatmakesoneofthesebitsofpaperworthanymoneyatallWhatmakesaten-fenstampworthtenfen Whenyoubuyastampyoualsobuyservicefromthepostoffice.Yougetthelettersentbypost.Afterthestamphasdoneitsworkthepostofficesaysitisworthless.Youmustbuyanewoneforeachletteryousend. Butpeopleoftenpaymoneyforstampsthathavealreadybeenused.Stampcollectorshavefunjusttryingtocollectasmanydifferentkindsaspossible.Certainkindsarehardtofind.Togetoneoftheseuncommonstampssomecollectorsarewillingtopayagreatdealofmoney.Theythinkitisworthsomethingandthatgivesitvalue.Ifyoucollectstampsbecausetheyareespeciallybeautifulortellaninterestingstoryorshowallkindsofanimalsthenthosearetheonesthathavevaluetoyou. Thepostofficesaysthestampisuselesswhen
77WhatdowemeanbyasatisfactorystandardoflivingObviouslyitmustincludethebasicnecessitiesoflifesuchasfoodclothingandshelter.Togetthesenecessitiesonregularbasisapersonmusthaveareliableincome.Butwehaveotherneedswhichwouldprobablyalsobeincludedasbasicsuchashealthandeducationfacilities.Wemaythinkofalloftheseasourneeds.Yetmostofuswouldbefarfromsatisfiedifwehadnothingmorethanthesewhicharesuppliedforus.78Weallenjoyextraincometospendonthingslikebookssportsorhobbies.Sometimeswesavesomeofthisextraincometopayforfutureexpenseofthistypeonholidays.Sowemustaddourwantstoourbasicneeds.Ourstandardoflivingisthedegreetowhichtheseneedsandwantsaresatisfied.Butastimegoesonwhatwethinkofasourbasicneedschanges.Twentyyearsagoatelevisionwouldhavebeenaluxuryandstillisinmanycountriesnow.Evennowwecannotsayitisaneedinthesamesenseasfoodclothingandshelter.Yetifmostofthepeopleofacountryhaveoneitcomestobeacceptedasaneed.Itispossiblethereforetohavefoodclothingandshelterandstillbepoorbythestandardsofourownsociety.Withtimegoingon______.
ItusedtotakeRedwoodCityCaliforniapolicehourstolocategunfire.Nowtheyhaveanewtoolthathelpsthemfindthegunfirequickly.ThisnewtooliscalledtheShotSpotter.ThepolicebeganusingtheShotSpotterin1995.Theywantedtocutdownongunfireintheircity. OneShotSpottercoversasquaremile.Eightmicrophonesareputontheroofsofbuildings.Thesemicrophonespickupgunfirenoise.Itonlytakessevensecondstoreportthegunfiretothepolice.Thenareddotonthepolicemapshowswheretheactionis. TheShotSpotterreallyworkswell.Itlocatesthegunfirewithin20to40feetplusorminus.RedwoodCitypoliceareveryhappywiththeShotSpotter.TheythinkitmighthavehelpedcatchtheD.C.sniper. ShotSpotterscostalotofmoney.Oneofthemsellsfor$200000.DespitethecostShotSpotterscanbeabighelpinfightingcrime. Thereddotonthepolicemapshows
DeskClerk:GoodafternoonHolidayInn.Customer:HelloI'dliketobookadoubleroomforthenightsof23rdand24thplease.DeskClerk:______
Increasinglyoverthepasttenyearspeople—especiallyyoungpeople—havebecomeawareoftheneedtochangetheireatinghabitsbecausemuchofthefoodtheyeatparticularlyprocessedfoodisnotgoodforthehealth.Consequentlytherehasbeenagrowinginterestinnaturalfoods.Foodswhichdonotcontainchemicaladditives添加剂andwhichhavenot’beenaffectedbychemicalfertilizerswidelyusedinfarmingtoday.79Naturalfoodsforexamplearevegetablesfruitandgrainwhichhavebeengrowninsoilthatisrichinorganic有机的matter.Insimpletermsthismeansthatthesoilhasbeennourishedbyunusedvegetablematterwhichprovidesitwithessentialvitaminsandminerals.Thisinitselfisanaturalprocesscomparedwiththeuseofchemicalsandfertilizersthemainpurposeofwhichistoincreasetheamount—butnotthequality—offoodsgrownincommercialfarmingareas.Naturalfoodsalsoincludeanimalswhichhavebeenallowedtofeedandmovefreelyinhealthypastures牧场.Comparethiswithwhathappensinthemassproductionofpoultry:therearefarmsforexamplewherethousandsofchickenslivecrowdedtogetherinonebuildingandarefedonfoodwhichislittlebetterthanrubbish.Chickenskeptinthiswayarenotonlytastelessasfoodtheyalsolayeggswhichlackimportant’vitamins.Thereareotheraspectsofhealthyeatingwhicharenowreceivingincreasingattentionfromexpertsondiet.Takeforexamplethequestionofsugar.Thisisactuallyanon-essentialfood!Althoughanaturalalternativesuchashoneycanbeusedtosweetenfoodifitisnecessarywecaninfactdowithoutit.Itisnotthatsugarisharmfulinitself.Butitdoesseemtobeaddictive:thequantityweusehasgrownsteadilyoverthelasttwocenturiesandinBritaintodayeachpersonconsumesanaverageof200poundsayear!Yetallitdoesistoprovideuswithenergyintheformofcalories.Therearenovitaminsinitnomineralsandnofiber.80Itissignificantthatnowadaysfiberisconsideredtobeanimportantpartofahealthydiet.Inwhitebreadforexamplethefiberhasbeenremoved.Butitispresentinunrefinedflourandofcourseinvegetables.Itisinterestingtonotethatincountrieswherethenationaldietcontainslargequantifiesofunrefinedflourandvegetablescertaindiseasesarecomparativelyrare.Hencetheemphasisisplacedontheeatingofwholemealbreadandmorevegetablesbymodemexpertsonhealthyeating.ChickensraisedinpoultryfarmsareallofthefollowingEXCEPTthat______.
A.Iwasheldupbythetrafficjam.B.That’sagoodprice.C.Ithinkso. D.Ifyourunyoumightcatchit.E.Thankyouverymuch.F.Nobodylikethis. G.Yeshewill.H.Idosomerunningeverymorning. Wang:ExcusemecanyoutellmewhenthenextbusleavesfortheairportWoman:It’llleavein3minutes.
Kate:DoyoumindopeningthedoorformeBob:______
Ifellinlovewiththeminister’ssoninwinterwhenIturnedfourteen.HewasnotChinese.ForChristmasIprayedfortheboyRobert.WhenIfoundoutthatmyparentshadinvitedtheminister’sfamilyoverforChristmasEvedinnerIcriedinpanicWhatwould’RobertthinkofourshabbyChineseChristmasWhatwouldhethinkofournoisyChineserelativeswholackedproperAmericanmanners OnChristmasEvemymothercreatedabundantChinesefood.Andthentheyarrived--theminister’sfamilyandallmyrelatives.RobertgreetedhelloandIpretendedhewasnotworthyofexistence. Dinnerthrewmedeeperintodisappointment.Myrelativeslicked舔theendsoftheirchopsticksandreachedacrossthetable.Robertandhisfamilywaitedpatientlyforalargeplatetobepassedtothem.Myrelativesmurmuredwithpleasurewhenmymotherbroughtoutthewholesteamedfish.Robertmadeaface.Thenmyfatherreachedhischopsticksjustbelowthefisheyeandpickedoutthesoftmeat."Amyyourfavorite"hesaidofferingmethetenderfishcheek.Iwantedtodisappear. Attheendofthemealmyfatherleanedbackandburped打嗝loudlythankingmymotherforherfinecooking."It’sapoliceChinesecustomtoshowyouaresatisfied"explainedmyfathertoourastonishedguests.Robertwaslookingdownathisplatewithareddishface.Theministermanagedtobringupaquietburp.Iwasshockedintosilencefortherestofthenight. Aftereveryonehadgonemymothersaidtome"YouwanttobetheshameasAmericangirlsontheoutside."Shehandedmeanearlygift.Itwasaminiskirt."ButinsideyoumustalwaysbeChinese.Youmustbeproudyouaredifferent.Youronlyshameistohaveshame." ItwasnotuntilyearslaterthatIwasabletofullyappreciateherlessonandthepurposebehindherparticularmenu.ForChristmasEvethatyearshehadchosenexcellentChinesefood. Wecaninferfromthepassagethat
Directions:Forthispartwriteapassageabout100～120wordsentitledFriendship.
ItusedtotakeRedwoodCityCaliforniapolicehourstolocategunfire.Nowtheyhaveanewtoolthathelpsthemfindthegunfirequickly.ThisnewtooliscalledtheShotSpotter.ThepolicebeganusingtheShotSpotterin1995.Theywantedtocutdownongunfireintheircity. OneShotSpottercoversasquaremile.Eightmicrophonesareputontheroofsofbuildings.Thesemicrophonespickupgunfirenoise.Itonlytakessevensecondstoreportthegunfiretothepolice.Thenareddotonthepolicemapshowswheretheactionis. TheShotSpotterreallyworkswell.Itlocatesthegunfirewithin20to40feetplusorminus.RedwoodCitypoliceareveryhappywiththeShotSpotter.TheythinkitmighthavehelpedcatchtheD.C.sniper. ShotSpotterscostalotofmoney.Oneofthemsellsfor$200000.DespitethecostShotSpotterscanbeabighelpinfightingcrime. Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardShotSpooters
Amnesty大赦Internationalisaworld-widevolunteerorganizationfundedentirelybysubscriptionsanddonations.Itistotallyindependentofanygovernmentpoliticalfactionideologyeconomicinterestorreligiouscreed. Theorganizationworksforthereleaseof"PrisonersofConscience"-menwomenandchildrenimprisonedanywherefortheirbeliefscolorsexethnicoriginlanguageorreligion.Italsoseeksfairandimmediatetrialforallpoliticalprisonersdetained拘留withoutchargeandopposestortureandthedegradingtreatmentofprisoners.Itisalsoagainstthedeathpenaltyforalltypesofcrime. Amnestyworksbycollectinginformation.Whenithasproofthatapersonisa"PrisonerofConscience"thatperson’scaseishandedovertoalocalgroup.ThelocalgroupsareordinaryindividualswhobelieveinAmnesty’swork.Theysendletterstogovernmentsembassiesleadingnewspapersandtheprisoner’sfamilyandfriends.Theyalsocollectsignaturesandraisemoneytosendmedicinefoodandclothingtotheprisonersandtheirfamilies.Thesevolunteersusetheirfreedomofspeechtowinthesamefreedomfortheiradoptedprisoner. ParadoxicallyAmnestyInternationalisanorganizationthatwillonlybesatisfiedwhenithasbecomeredundant多余的. Amnestygathersinformation
Astampisjustapiecewithapictureandsomewordsprintedononesideandsomeglueontheotherside.WhatmakesoneofthesebitsofpaperworthanymoneyatallWhatmakesaten-fenstampworthtenfen Whenyoubuyastampyoualsobuyservicefromthepostoffice.Yougetthelettersentbypost.Afterthestamphasdoneitsworkthepostofficesaysitisworthless.Youmustbuyanewoneforeachletteryousend. Butpeopleoftenpaymoneyforstampsthathavealreadybeenused.Stampcollectorshavefunjusttryingtocollectasmanydifferentkindsaspossible.Certainkindsarehardtofind.Togetoneoftheseuncommonstampssomecollectorsarewillingtopayagreatdealofmoney.Theythinkitisworthsomethingandthatgivesitvalue.Ifyoucollectstampsbecausetheyareespeciallybeautifulortellaninterestingstoryorshowallkindsofanimalsthenthosearetheonesthathavevaluetoyou. Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue
Englandisnotabigcountry:fromnorthtosouthandfromeasttowestitisonlyaboutthreehundredmilesacross.Butforasmallcountryithasasurprisingrangeofclimate.PeoplewhohavenevervisitedEnglandorwhohavevisitedonlyonepartofitoftenmakesthemistakeofthinkingthatitisacoldandwetcountry.ExceptforthesummermonthsofJunetoSeptemberthisisprobablytrueofthenorthofEnglandandtheMidlands.Inthesouthhowevertheclimateismuchmorepleasant.Oneresultisthatwhenpeopleretirefromthejobinthenorththeyoftenprefertomovedowntothesouth. PerhapsthewarmestpartofthecountryisthesouthwestwhichconsistsofismadeupofthecountiesofDevonandCornwallwherepalmtreesbambooandmanysemitropicalplantsgrowwell.Flowersandvegetablesripenasmuchasamonthearlierthanthoseelsewhere.Farmersintheareasgainahigherpricefortheirvegetablesandflowersbecausetheyarereadyearlier.InwintertheremaybeseveralfeetofsnowinotherpartsofEnglandbuttherewillprobablybenosnowatallinthesouthwest.ThismaybeoneofthereasonswhythesouthwestisoneofEngland’smostpopularholidayareas. Accordingtothepassage
77WhatdowemeanbyasatisfactorystandardoflivingObviouslyitmustincludethebasicnecessitiesoflifesuchasfoodclothingandshelter.Togetthesenecessitiesonregularbasisapersonmusthaveareliableincome.Butwehaveotherneedswhichwouldprobablyalsobeincludedasbasicsuchashealthandeducationfacilities.Wemaythinkofalloftheseasourneeds.Yetmostofuswouldbefarfromsatisfiedifwehadnothingmorethanthesewhicharesuppliedforus.78Weallenjoyextraincometospendonthingslikebookssportsorhobbies.Sometimeswesavesomeofthisextraincometopayforfutureexpenseofthistypeonholidays.Sowemustaddourwantstoourbasicneeds.Ourstandardoflivingisthedegreetowhichtheseneedsandwantsaresatisfied.Butastimegoesonwhatwethinkofasourbasicneedschanges.Twentyyearsagoatelevisionwouldhavebeenaluxuryandstillisinmanycountriesnow.Evennowwecannotsayitisaneedinthesamesenseasfoodclothingandshelter.Yetifmostofthepeopleofacountryhaveoneitcomestobeacceptedasaneed.Itispossiblethereforetohavefoodclothingandshelterandstillbepoorbythestandardsofourownsociety.Apersonwhogetsthebasicnecessitiesmust______accordingtothewriter.
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