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再结晶完成后，晶粒长大可分为 (17) 晶粒长大和 (18) 晶粒长大。 （17）
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.冷变形金属在加热时发生的三个过程依次为再结晶和晶粒长大
铝和铝合金的焊接热影响区可分为晶粒长大区和两个区
完全重结晶区
再结晶区
不完全重结晶区
形变后的材料经恒温退火再结晶结束后继续保温以使晶粒长大当退火30分钟时测得材料的晶粒直径为23μm其
冷塑性变形的金属再加热随着加热温度的升高会出现的现象
回复
再结晶定
晶粒长大
晶粒破碎
晶粒长大速度越慢则结晶后晶粒越
生球焙烧时必须在最适宜的焙烧温度下保持一定的时间因为各种物理化学反应晶粒长大和再结晶需要的时间才能完
较长
较短
一定
再结晶完成后晶粒长大可分为______晶粒长大和______晶粒长大
再结晶完成后晶粒长大可分为17晶粒长大和18晶粒长大 18
再结晶完成后在不同条件下可能发生正常晶粒长大和异常晶粒长大
说明冷变形金属加热时回复再结晶及晶粒长大的过程和特点
冷轧生产中进行再结晶退火时钢的内部组织变化过程可分为再结晶和晶粒长大三个阶段
下列情况属于相变过程的是
液态金属的结晶
晶粒长大
冷变形金属的再结晶
将金属加热到再结晶温度以上时金属将发生回复再结晶及晶粒长大等变化
解释冷变形金属加热时回复再结晶及晶粒长大的过程及特点2．已知Cu-30%Zn合金的再结晶激活能为25
晶粒回复过程回复→晶粒长大→再结晶
形变后的材料再升温时发生回复和再结晶现象则点缺陷浓度下降明显发生在______
回复阶段
再结晶阶段
晶粒长大阶段
沉淀重量法沉淀反应完成后进行陈化的目的是
将沉淀析出
使沉淀净化
使晶粒长大
便于小品粒K大
使小品粒溶解，大晶粒长大
冷轧生产中进行再结晶退火时钢的内部组织变化过程可分为再结晶和晶料长大三个阶段
试就a推动力来源b推动力大小c在陶瓷系统的重要性来区别初次再结晶晶粒长大和二次再全结晶
再结晶再结晶完成后的晶粒长大过程中晶粒的平衡形貌二维条件下是直的六边形多于六边的晶粒将吞并少于六边的
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Text4 It’snosurprisethatJenniferSenior’sinsightfulprovocativemagazinecoverstoryIloveMyChildrenIHateMyLifeisarousingmuchchatter–nothinggetspeopletalkinglikethesuggestionthatchildrearingisanythinglessthanacompletelyfulfillinglife-enrichingexperience.RatherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappyormiserableSeniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness:insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredbymoment-to-momentjoyweshouldconsiderbeinghappyasapast-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceofraisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhardSeniorwritesthattheverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlaterbesourcesofintensegratificationanddelight ThemagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdingacutebabyishardlytheonlyMadonna-and-childimageonnewsstandsthisweek.Therearealsostoriesaboutnewlyadoptive–andnewlysingle–momSandraBullockaswellastheusualJenniferAnistonispregnantnews.Practicallyeveryweekfeaturesatleastonecelebritymomormom-to-besmilingonthenewsstands Inasocietythatsopersistentlycelebratesprocreationisitanywonderthatadmittingyouregrethavingchildrenisequivalenttoadmittingyousupportkitten-killingItdoesn’tseemquitefairthentocomparetheregretsofparentstotheregretsofthechildren.Unhappyparentsrarelyareprovokedtowonderiftheyshouldn’thavehadkidsbutunhappychildlessfolksarebotheredwiththemessagethatchildrenarethesinglemostimportantthingintheworld:obviouslytheirmiserymustbeadirectresultofthegapingbaby-sizeholesintheirlives OfcoursetheimageofparenthoodthatcelebritymagazineslikeUsWeeklyandPeoplepresentishugelyunrealisticespeciallywhentheparentsaresinglemotherslikeBullock.Accordingtoseveralstudiesconcludingthatparentsarelesshappythanchildlesscouplessingleparentsaretheleasthappyofall.Noshockthereconsideringhowmuchworkitistoraiseakidwithoutapartnertoleanon;yettohearSandraandBritneytellitraisingakidontheirownread:withround-the-clockhelpisapieceofcake It’shardtoimaginethatmanypeoplearedumbenoughtowantchildrenjustbecauseReeseandAngelinamakeitlooksoglamorous:mostadultsunderstandthatababyisnotahaircut.Butit’sinterestingtowonderiftheimagesweseeeveryweekofstress-freehappiness-enhancingparenthoodaren’tinsomesmallsubconsciouswaycontributingtoourowndissatisfactionswiththeactualexperienceinthesamewaythatasmallpartofushopedgettingtheRachelmightmakeuslookjustalittlebitlikeJenniferAniston Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph
关于山寨春晚的材料请用网络文化和传媒来写作一篇大于600字的评论
WithitsthemethatMindisthemasterweavercreatingourinnercharacterandoutercircumstancesthebookAsaManThinkingbyJamesAllenisanin-depthexplorationofthecentralideaofself-helpwriting 46Allen’scontributionwastotakeanassumptionweallshare-thatbecausewearenotrobotswethereforecontrolourthoughts-andrevealitserroneousnature.Becausemostofusbelievethatmindisseparatefrommatterwethinkthatthoughtscanbehiddenandmadepowerless;thisallowsustothinkonewayandactanother.HoweverAllenbelievedthattheunconsciousmindgeneratesasmuchactionastheconsciousmindand47whilewemaybeabletosustaintheillusionofcontrolthroughtheconsciousmindaloneinrealitywearecontinuallyfacedwithaquestion:WhycannotImakemyselfdothisorachievethat SincedesireandwillaredamagedbythepresenceofthoughtsthatdonotaccordwithdesireAllenconcluded:WedonotattractwhatwewantbutwhatweareAchievementhappensbecauseyouasapersonembodytheexternalachievement;youdon’tgetsuccessbutbecomeit.Thereisnogapbetweenmindandmatter PartofthefameofAllen’sbookisitscontentionthatCircumstancesdonotmakeapersontheyrevealhim48Thisseemsajustificationforneglectofthoseinneedandarationalizationofexploitationofthesuperiorityofthoseatthetopandtheinferiorityofthoseatthebottom Thishoweverwouldbeaknee-jerkreactiontoasubtleargument.Eachsetofcircumstanceshoweverbadoffersauniqueopportunityforgrowth.Ifcircumstancesalwaysdeterminedthelifeandprospectsofpeoplethenhumanitywouldneverhaveprogressed.Infat49circumstancesseemtobedesignedtobringoutthebestinusandifwefeelthatwehavebeenwrongedthenweareunlikelytobeginaconsciousefforttoescapefromoursituation.Neverthelessasanybiographerknowsaperson’searlylifeanditsconditionsareoftenthegreatestgifttoanindividual ThesoberingaspectofAllen’sbookisthatwehavenooneelsetoblameforourpresentconditionexceptourselves.50Theupsideisthepossibilitiescontainedinknowingthateverythingisuptous;wherebeforewewereexpertsinthearrayoflimitationsnowwebecomeauthoritiesofwhatispossible circumstancesseemtobedesignedtobringoutthebestinusandifwefeelthatwehavebeenwrongedthenweareunlikelytobeginaconsciousefforttoescapefromoursituation.
dào jiāo 与道家的自然思想有什么关系
Text4 It’snosurprisethatJenniferSenior’sinsightfulprovocativemagazinecoverstoryIloveMyChildrenIHateMyLifeisarousingmuchchatter–nothinggetspeopletalkinglikethesuggestionthatchildrearingisanythinglessthanacompletelyfulfillinglife-enrichingexperience.RatherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappyormiserableSeniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness:insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredbymoment-to-momentjoyweshouldconsiderbeinghappyasapast-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceofraisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhardSeniorwritesthattheverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlaterbesourcesofintensegratificationanddelight ThemagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdingacutebabyishardlytheonlyMadonna-and-childimageonnewsstandsthisweek.Therearealsostoriesaboutnewlyadoptive–andnewlysingle–momSandraBullockaswellastheusualJenniferAnistonispregnantnews.Practicallyeveryweekfeaturesatleastonecelebritymomormom-to-besmilingonthenewsstands Inasocietythatsopersistentlycelebratesprocreationisitanywonderthatadmittingyouregrethavingchildrenisequivalenttoadmittingyousupportkitten-killingItdoesn’tseemquitefairthentocomparetheregretsofparentstotheregretsofthechildren.Unhappyparentsrarelyareprovokedtowonderiftheyshouldn’thavehadkidsbutunhappychildlessfolksarebotheredwiththemessagethatchildrenarethesinglemostimportantthingintheworld:obviouslytheirmiserymustbeadirectresultofthegapingbaby-sizeholesintheirlives OfcoursetheimageofparenthoodthatcelebritymagazineslikeUsWeeklyandPeoplepresentishugelyunrealisticespeciallywhentheparentsaresinglemotherslikeBullock.Accordingtoseveralstudiesconcludingthatparentsarelesshappythanchildlesscouplessingleparentsaretheleasthappyofall.Noshockthereconsideringhowmuchworkitistoraiseakidwithoutapartnertoleanon;yettohearSandraandBritneytellitraisingakidontheirownread:withround-the-clockhelpisapieceofcake It’shardtoimaginethatmanypeoplearedumbenoughtowantchildrenjustbecauseReeseandAngelinamakeitlooksoglamorous:mostadultsunderstandthatababyisnotahaircut.Butit’sinterestingtowonderiftheimagesweseeeveryweekofstress-freehappiness-enhancingparenthoodaren’tinsomesmallsubconsciouswaycontributingtoourowndissatisfactionswiththeactualexperienceinthesamewaythatasmallpartofushopedgettingtheRachelmightmakeuslookjustalittlebitlikeJenniferAniston ItissuggestedinParagraph3thatchildlessfolks
Text1 ThedecisionoftheNewYorkPhilharmonictohireAlanGilbertasitsnextmusicdirectorhasbeenthetalkoftheclassical-musicworldeversincethesuddenannouncementofhisappointmentin2009.Forthemostparttheresponsehasbeenfavorabletosaytheleast.Hooray!Atlast!wroteAnthonyTommasiniasober-sidedclassical-musiccritic OneofthereasonswhytheappointmentcameassuchasurprisehoweveristhatGilbertiscomparativelylittleknown.EvenTommasiniwhohadadvocatedGilbert’sappointmentintheTimescallshimanunpretentiousmusicianwithnoairoftheformidableconductorabouthimAsadescriptionofthenextmusicdirectorofanorchestrathathashithertobeenledbymusicianslikeGustavMahlerandPierreBoulezthatseemslikelytohavestruckatleastsomeTimesreadersasfaintpraise FormypartIhavenoideawhetherGilbertisagreatconductororevenagoodone.TobesureheperformsanimpressivevarietyofinterestingcompositionsbutitisnotnecessaryformetovisitAveryFisherHalloranywhereelsetohearinterestingorchestralmusic.AllIhavetodoistogotomyCDshelforbootupmycomputeranddownloadstillmorerecordedmusicfromiTunes Devotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstituteforliveperformancearemissingthepoint.Forthetimeattentionandmoneyoftheart-lovingpublicclassicalinstrumentalistsmustcompetenotonlywithoperahousesdancetroupestheatercompaniesandmuseumsbutalsowiththerecordedperformancesofthegreatclassicalmusiciansofthe20thcentury.Thererecordingsarecheapavailableeverywhereandveryoftenmuchhigherinartisticqualitythantoday’sliveperformances;moreovertheycanbeconsumedatatimeandplaceofthelistener’schoosing.Thewidespreadavailabilityofsuchrecordingshasthusbroughtaboutacrisisintheinstitutionofthetraditionalclassicalconcert Onepossibleresponseisforclassicalperformerstoprogramattractivenewmusicthatisnotyetavailableonrecord.Gilbert’sowninterestinnewmusichasbeenwidelynoted:AlexRossaclassical-musiccritichasdescribedhimasamanwhoiscapableofturningthePhilharmonicintoamarkedlydifferentmorevibrantorganizationButwhatwillbethenatureofthatdifferenceMerelyexpandingtheorchestra’srepertoirewillnotbeenough.IfGilbertandthePhilharmonicaretosucceedtheymustfirstchangetherelationshipbetweenAmerica’soldestorchestraandthenewaudienceithopstoattract Accordingtothetextwhichofthefollowingistrueofrecordings
AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughterasabodilyexerciseprecioustohealthBut---__1___someclaimstothecontrarylaughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfitnessLaughterdoes__2___short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels___3_heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto__4__agoodlaughisunlikelytohave__5___benefitsthewaysaywalkingorjoggingdoes __6__insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthemasexercisedoeslaughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe__7__studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter__8___musclesdecreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp_9__theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anywaytheactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof___10___feedbackthatimproveanindividual’semotionalstate.__11____oneclassicaltheoryofemotionourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted____12___physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry___13___theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbegintoflow Althoughsadnessalso____14___tearsevidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow__15___muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofwürzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto__16___apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile–orwiththeirlipswhichwouldproducean__17___expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirenthusiasticallytofunnycatoonsthandidthosewhosemonthswerecontractedinafrown____19___thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround__20__thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood
Text3 Theroughguidetomarketingsuccessusedtobethatyougotwhatyoupaidfor.Nolonger.Whiletraditionalpaidmedia–suchastelevisioncommercialsandprintadvertisements–stillplayamajorrolecompaniestodaycanexploitmanyalternativeformsofmedia.Consumerspassionateaboutaproductmaycreateownedmediabysendinge-mailalertsaboutproductsandsalestocustomersregisteredwithitsWebsite.Thewayconsumersnowapproachthebroadrangeoffactorsbeyondconventionalpaidmedia Paidandownedmediaarecontrolledbymarketerspromotingtheirownproducts.Forearnedmediasuchmarketersactastheinitiatorforusers’responses.Butinsomecasesonemarketer’sownedmediabecomeanothermarketer’spaidmedia–forinstancewhenane-commerceretailersellsadspaceonitsWebsite.Wedefinesuchsoldmediaasownedmediawhosetrafficissostrongthatotherorganizationsplacetheircontentore-commerceengineswithinthatenvironment.Thistrendwhichwebelieveisstillinitsinfancyeffectivelybeganwithretailersandtravelproviderssuchasairlinesandhotelsandwillnodoubtgofurther.Johnson&JohnsonforexamplehascreatedBabyCenterastand-alonemediapropertythatpromotescomplementaryandevencompetitiveproducts.Besidesgeneratingincomethepresenceofothermarketersmakesthesiteseemobjectivegivescompaniesopportunitiestolearnvaluableinformationabouttheappealofothercompanies’marketingandmayhelpexpandusertrafficforallcompaniesconcerned Thesamedramatictechnologicalchangesthathaveprovidedmarketerswithmoreandmorediversecommunicationschoiceshavealsoincreasedtheriskthatpassionateconsumerswillvoicetheiropinionsinquickermorevisibleandmuchmoredamagingways.Suchhijackedmediaaretheoppositeofearnedmedia:anassetorcampaignbecomeshostagetoconsumersotherstakeholdersoractivistswhomakenegativeallegationsaboutabrandorproduct.Membersofsocialnetworksforinstancearelearningthattheycanhijackmediatoapplypressureonthebusinessesthatoriginallycreatedthem Ifthathappenspassionateconsumerswouldtrytopersuadeotherstoboycottproductsputtingthereputationofthetargetcompanyatrisk.Insuchacasethecompany’sresponsemaynotbesufficientlyquickorthoughtfulandthelearningcurvehasbeensteep.ToyotaMotorforexamplealleviatedsomeofthedamagefromitsrecallcrisisearlierthisyearwitharelativelyquickandwell-orchestratedsocial-mediaresponsecampaignwhichincludedeffortstoengagewithconsumersdirectlyonsitessuchasTwitterandthesocial-newssiteDigg AccordingtoParagraph2soldmediafeature
AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughterasabodilyexerciseprecioustohealthBut---__1___someclaimstothecontrarylaughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfitnessLaughterdoes__2___short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels___3_heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto__4__agoodlaughisunlikelytohave__5___benefitsthewaysaywalkingorjoggingdoes __6__insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthemasexercisedoeslaughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe__7__studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter__8___musclesdecreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp_9__theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anywaytheactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof___10___feedbackthatimproveanindividual’semotionalstate.__11____oneclassicaltheoryofemotionourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted____12___physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry___13___theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbegintoflow Althoughsadnessalso____14___tearsevidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow__15___muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofwürzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto__16___apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile–orwiththeirlipswhichwouldproducean__17___expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirenthusiasticallytofunnycatoonsthandidthosewhosemonthswerecontractedinafrown____19___thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround__20__thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood
AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughterasabodilyexerciseprecioustohealthBut---__1___someclaimstothecontrarylaughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfitnessLaughterdoes__2___short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels___3_heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto__4__agoodlaughisunlikelytohave__5___benefitsthewaysaywalkingorjoggingdoes __6__insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthemasexercisedoeslaughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe__7__studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter__8___musclesdecreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp_9__theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anywaytheactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof___10___feedbackthatimproveanindividual’semotionalstate.__11____oneclassicaltheoryofemotionourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted____12___physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry___13___theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbegintoflow Althoughsadnessalso____14___tearsevidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow__15___muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofwürzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto__16___apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile–orwiththeirlipswhichwouldproducean__17___expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirenthusiasticallytofunnycatoonsthandidthosewhosemonthswerecontractedinafrown____19___thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround__20__thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood
AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughterasabodilyexerciseprecioustohealthBut---__1___someclaimstothecontrarylaughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfitnessLaughterdoes__2___short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels___3_heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto__4__agoodlaughisunlikelytohave__5___benefitsthewaysaywalkingorjoggingdoes __6__insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthemasexercisedoeslaughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe__7__studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter__8___musclesdecreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp_9__theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anywaytheactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof___10___feedbackthatimproveanindividual’semotionalstate.__11____oneclassicaltheoryofemotionourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted____12___physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry___13___theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbegintoflow Althoughsadnessalso____14___tearsevidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow__15___muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofwürzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto__16___apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile–orwiththeirlipswhichwouldproducean__17___expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirenthusiasticallytofunnycatoonsthandidthosewhosemonthswerecontractedinafrown____19___thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround__20__thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood
AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughterasabodilyexerciseprecioustohealthBut---__1___someclaimstothecontrarylaughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfitnessLaughterdoes__2___short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels___3_heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto__4__agoodlaughisunlikelytohave__5___benefitsthewaysaywalkingorjoggingdoes __6__insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthemasexercisedoeslaughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe__7__studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter__8___musclesdecreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp_9__theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anywaytheactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof___10___feedbackthatimproveanindividual’semotionalstate.__11____oneclassicaltheoryofemotionourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted____12___physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry___13___theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbegintoflow Althoughsadnessalso____14___tearsevidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow__15___muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofwürzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto__16___apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile–orwiththeirlipswhichwouldproducean__17___expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirenthusiasticallytofunnycatoonsthandidthosewhosemonthswerecontractedinafrown____19___thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround__20__thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood
AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughterasabodilyexerciseprecioustohealthBut---__1___someclaimstothecontrarylaughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfitnessLaughterdoes__2___short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels___3_heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto__4__agoodlaughisunlikelytohave__5___benefitsthewaysaywalkingorjoggingdoes __6__insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthemasexercisedoeslaughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe__7__studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter__8___musclesdecreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp_9__theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anywaytheactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof___10___feedbackthatimproveanindividual’semotionalstate.__11____oneclassicaltheoryofemotionourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted____12___physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry___13___theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbegintoflow Althoughsadnessalso____14___tearsevidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow__15___muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofwürzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto__16___apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile–orwiththeirlipswhichwouldproducean__17___expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirenthusiasticallytofunnycatoonsthandidthosewhosemonthswerecontractedinafrown____19___thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround__20__thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood
zōng jiāo 学为什么是一门独特的人文学科
Text2 WhenLiamMcGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugusthisexplanationwassurprisinglystraightup.RatherthancloakinghisexitintheusualvagueexcuseshecamerightoutandsaidhewasleavingtopursuemygoalofrunningacompanyBroadcastinghisambitionwasverymuchmydecisionMcGeesays.WithintwoweekshewastalkingforthefirsttimewiththeboardofHartfordFinancialServicesGroupwhichnamedhimCEOandchairmanonSeptember29. McGeesaysleavingwithoutapositionlinedupgavehimtimetoreflectonwhatkindofcompanyhewantedtorun.Italsosentaclearmessagetotheoutsideworldabouthisaspirations.AndMcGeeisn’talone.InrecentweekstheNo.2executivesatAvonandAmericanExpressquitwiththeexplanationthattheywerelookingforaCEOpost.Asboardsscrutinizesuccessionplansinresponsetoshareholderpressureexecutiveswhodon’tgetthenodalsomaywishtomoveon.Aturbulentbusinessenvironmentalsohasseniormanagerscautiousoflettingvaguepronouncementscloudtheirreputations Asthefirstsignsofrecoverybegintotakeholddeputychiefsmaybemorewillingtomakethejumpwithoutanet.InthethirdquarterCEOturnoverwasdown23%fromayearagoasnervousboardsstuckwiththeleaderstheyhadaccordingtoLiberumResearch.Astheeconomypicksupopportunitieswillaboundforaspiringleaders Thedecisiontoquitaseniorpositiontolookforabetteroneisunconventional.ForyearsexecutivesandheadhuntershaveadheredtotherulethatthemostattractiveCEOcandidatesaretheoneswhomustbepoached.SaysKorn/FerryseniorpartnerDennisCarey:Ican’tthinkofasinglesearchI’vedonewhereaboardhasnotinstructedmetolookatsittingCEOsfirst Thosewhojumpedwithoutajobhaven’talwayslandedintoppositionsquickly.EllenMarramquitaschiefofTropicanaadecadeagesayingshewantedtobeaCEO.ItwasayearbeforeshebecameheadofatinyInternet-basedcommoditiesexchange.RobertWillumstadleftCitigroupin2005withambitionstobeaCEO.Hefinallytookthatpostatamajorfinancialinstitutionthreeyearslater Manyrecruiterssaytheolddisgraceisfadingfortopperformers.Thefinancialcrisishasmadeitmoreacceptabletobebetweenjobsortoleaveabadone.Thetraditionalrulewasit’ssafertostaywhereyouarebutthat’sbeenfundamentallyinvertedsaysoneheadhunter.Thepeoplewho’vebeenhurttheworstarethosewho’vestayedtoolong Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext
儒家或儒家思想是否是一种zōng jiāo
AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughterasabodilyexerciseprecioustohealthBut---__1___someclaimstothecontrarylaughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfitnessLaughterdoes__2___short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels___3_heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto__4__agoodlaughisunlikelytohave__5___benefitsthewaysaywalkingorjoggingdoes __6__insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthemasexercisedoeslaughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe__7__studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter__8___musclesdecreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp_9__theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anywaytheactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof___10___feedbackthatimproveanindividual’semotionalstate.__11____oneclassicaltheoryofemotionourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted____12___physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry___13___theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbegintoflow Althoughsadnessalso____14___tearsevidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow__15___muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofwürzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto__16___apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile–orwiththeirlipswhichwouldproducean__17___expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirenthusiasticallytofunnycatoonsthandidthosewhosemonthswerecontractedinafrown____19___thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround__20__thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood
AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughterasabodilyexerciseprecioustohealthBut---__1___someclaimstothecontrarylaughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfitnessLaughterdoes__2___short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels___3_heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto__4__agoodlaughisunlikelytohave__5___benefitsthewaysaywalkingorjoggingdoes __6__insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthemasexercisedoeslaughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe__7__studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter__8___musclesdecreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp_9__theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anywaytheactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof___10___feedbackthatimproveanindividual’semotionalstate.__11____oneclassicaltheoryofemotionourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted____12___physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry___13___theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbegintoflow Althoughsadnessalso____14___tearsevidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow__15___muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofwürzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto__16___apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile–orwiththeirlipswhichwouldproducean__17___expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirenthusiasticallytofunnycatoonsthandidthosewhosemonthswerecontractedinafrown____19___thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround__20__thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood
AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughterasabodilyexerciseprecioustohealthBut---__1___someclaimstothecontrarylaughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfitnessLaughterdoes__2___short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels___3_heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto__4__agoodlaughisunlikelytohave__5___benefitsthewaysaywalkingorjoggingdoes __6__insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthemasexercisedoeslaughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe__7__studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter__8___musclesdecreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp_9__theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anywaytheactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof___10___feedbackthatimproveanindividual’semotionalstate.__11____oneclassicaltheoryofemotionourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted____12___physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry___13___theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbegintoflow Althoughsadnessalso____14___tearsevidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow__15___muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofwürzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto__16___apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile–orwiththeirlipswhichwouldproducean__17___expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirenthusiasticallytofunnycatoonsthandidthosewhosemonthswerecontractedinafrown____19___thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround__20__thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood
Text4 It’snosurprisethatJenniferSenior’sinsightfulprovocativemagazinecoverstoryIloveMyChildrenIHateMyLifeisarousingmuchchatter–nothinggetspeopletalkinglikethesuggestionthatchildrearingisanythinglessthanacompletelyfulfillinglife-enrichingexperience.RatherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappyormiserableSeniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness:insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredbymoment-to-momentjoyweshouldconsiderbeinghappyasapast-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceofraisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhardSeniorwritesthattheverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlaterbesourcesofintensegratificationanddelight ThemagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdingacutebabyishardlytheonlyMadonna-and-childimageonnewsstandsthisweek.Therearealsostoriesaboutnewlyadoptive–andnewlysingle–momSandraBullockaswellastheusualJenniferAnistonispregnantnews.Practicallyeveryweekfeaturesatleastonecelebritymomormom-to-besmilingonthenewsstands Inasocietythatsopersistentlycelebratesprocreationisitanywonderthatadmittingyouregrethavingchildrenisequivalenttoadmittingyousupportkitten-killingItdoesn’tseemquitefairthentocomparetheregretsofparentstotheregretsofthechildren.Unhappyparentsrarelyareprovokedtowonderiftheyshouldn’thavehadkidsbutunhappychildlessfolksarebotheredwiththemessagethatchildrenarethesinglemostimportantthingintheworld:obviouslytheirmiserymustbeadirectresultofthegapingbaby-sizeholesintheirlives OfcoursetheimageofparenthoodthatcelebritymagazineslikeUsWeeklyandPeoplepresentishugelyunrealisticespeciallywhentheparentsaresinglemotherslikeBullock.Accordingtoseveralstudiesconcludingthatparentsarelesshappythanchildlesscouplessingleparentsaretheleasthappyofall.Noshockthereconsideringhowmuchworkitistoraiseakidwithoutapartnertoleanon;yettohearSandraandBritneytellitraisingakidontheirownread:withround-the-clockhelpisapieceofcake It’shardtoimaginethatmanypeoplearedumbenoughtowantchildrenjustbecauseReeseandAngelinamakeitlooksoglamorous:mostadultsunderstandthatababyisnotahaircut.Butit’sinterestingtowonderiftheimagesweseeeveryweekofstress-freehappiness-enhancingparenthoodaren’tinsomesmallsubconsciouswaycontributingtoourowndissatisfactionswiththeactualexperienceinthesamewaythatasmallpartofushopedgettingtheRachelmightmakeuslookjustalittlebitlikeJenniferAniston JenniferSeniorsuggestsinherarticlethatraisingachildcanbring
Text1 ThedecisionoftheNewYorkPhilharmonictohireAlanGilbertasitsnextmusicdirectorhasbeenthetalkoftheclassical-musicworldeversincethesuddenannouncementofhisappointmentin2009.Forthemostparttheresponsehasbeenfavorabletosaytheleast.Hooray!Atlast!wroteAnthonyTommasiniasober-sidedclassical-musiccritic OneofthereasonswhytheappointmentcameassuchasurprisehoweveristhatGilbertiscomparativelylittleknown.EvenTommasiniwhohadadvocatedGilbert’sappointmentintheTimescallshimanunpretentiousmusicianwithnoairoftheformidableconductorabouthimAsadescriptionofthenextmusicdirectorofanorchestrathathashithertobeenledbymusicianslikeGustavMahlerandPierreBoulezthatseemslikelytohavestruckatleastsomeTimesreadersasfaintpraise FormypartIhavenoideawhetherGilbertisagreatconductororevenagoodone.TobesureheperformsanimpressivevarietyofinterestingcompositionsbutitisnotnecessaryformetovisitAveryFisherHalloranywhereelsetohearinterestingorchestralmusic.AllIhavetodoistogotomyCDshelforbootupmycomputeranddownloadstillmorerecordedmusicfromiTunes Devotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstituteforliveperformancearemissingthepoint.Forthetimeattentionandmoneyoftheart-lovingpublicclassicalinstrumentalistsmustcompetenotonlywithoperahousesdancetroupestheatercompaniesandmuseumsbutalsowiththerecordedperformancesofthegreatclassicalmusiciansofthe20thcentury.Thererecordingsarecheapavailableeverywhereandveryoftenmuchhigherinartisticqualitythantoday’sliveperformances;moreovertheycanbeconsumedatatimeandplaceofthelistener’schoosing.Thewidespreadavailabilityofsuchrecordingshasthusbroughtaboutacrisisintheinstitutionofthetraditionalclassicalconcert Onepossibleresponseisforclassicalperformerstoprogramattractivenewmusicthatisnotyetavailableonrecord.Gilbert’sowninterestinnewmusichasbeenwidelynoted:AlexRossaclassical-musiccritichasdescribedhimasamanwhoiscapableofturningthePhilharmonicintoamarkedlydifferentmorevibrantorganizationButwhatwillbethenatureofthatdifferenceMerelyexpandingtheorchestra’srepertoirewillnotbeenough.IfGilbertandthePhilharmonicaretosucceedtheymustfirstchangetherelationshipbetweenAmerica’soldestorchestraandthenewaudienceithopstoattract TommasiniregardsGilbertasanartistwhois
Directions: Writealettertoafriendofyoursto 1recommendoneofyourfavoritemoviesand 2givereasonsforyourrecommendation Yourshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2 Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheleter.UserLIMINGinstead. Donotwritertheaddress.10points
AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughterasabodilyexerciseprecioustohealthBut---__1___someclaimstothecontrarylaughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfitnessLaughterdoes__2___short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels___3_heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto__4__agoodlaughisunlikelytohave__5___benefitsthewaysaywalkingorjoggingdoes __6__insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthemasexercisedoeslaughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe__7__studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter__8___musclesdecreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp_9__theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anywaytheactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof___10___feedbackthatimproveanindividual’semotionalstate.__11____oneclassicaltheoryofemotionourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted____12___physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry___13___theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbegintoflow Althoughsadnessalso____14___tearsevidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow__15___muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofwürzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto__16___apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile–orwiththeirlipswhichwouldproducean__17___expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirenthusiasticallytofunnycatoonsthandidthosewhosemonthswerecontractedinafrown____19___thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround__20__thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood
WithitsthemethatMindisthemasterweavercreatingourinnercharacterandoutercircumstancesthebookAsaManThinkingbyJamesAllenisanin-depthexplorationofthecentralideaofself-helpwriting 46Allen’scontributionwastotakeanassumptionweallshare-thatbecausewearenotrobotswethereforecontrolourthoughts-andrevealitserroneousnature.Becausemostofusbelievethatmindisseparatefrommatterwethinkthatthoughtscanbehiddenandmadepowerless;thisallowsustothinkonewayandactanother.HoweverAllenbelievedthattheunconsciousmindgeneratesasmuchactionastheconsciousmindand47whilewemaybeabletosustaintheillusionofcontrolthroughtheconsciousmindaloneinrealitywearecontinuallyfacedwithaquestion:WhycannotImakemyselfdothisorachievethat SincedesireandwillaredamagedbythepresenceofthoughtsthatdonotaccordwithdesireAllenconcluded:WedonotattractwhatwewantbutwhatweareAchievementhappensbecauseyouasapersonembodytheexternalachievement;youdon’tgetsuccessbutbecomeit.Thereisnogapbetweenmindandmatter PartofthefameofAllen’sbookisitscontentionthatCircumstancesdonotmakeapersontheyrevealhim48Thisseemsajustificationforneglectofthoseinneedandarationalizationofexploitationofthesuperiorityofthoseatthetopandtheinferiorityofthoseatthebottom Thishoweverwouldbeaknee-jerkreactiontoasubtleargument.Eachsetofcircumstanceshoweverbadoffersauniqueopportunityforgrowth.Ifcircumstancesalwaysdeterminedthelifeandprospectsofpeoplethenhumanitywouldneverhaveprogressed.Infat49circumstancesseemtobedesignedtobringoutthebestinusandifwefeelthatwehavebeenwrongedthenweareunlikelytobeginaconsciousefforttoescapefromoursituation.Neverthelessasanybiographerknowsaperson’searlylifeanditsconditionsareoftenthegreatestgifttoanindividual ThesoberingaspectofAllen’sbookisthatwehavenooneelsetoblameforourpresentconditionexceptourselves.50Theupsideisthepossibilitiescontainedinknowingthateverythingisuptous;wherebeforewewereexpertsinthearrayoflimitationsnowwebecomeauthoritiesofwhatispossible whilewemaybeabletosustaintheillusionofcontrolthroughtheconsciousmindaloneinrealitywearecontinuallyfacedwithaquestion:WhycannotImakemyselfdothisorachievethat
Text2 WhenLiamMcGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugusthisexplanationwassurprisinglystraightup.RatherthancloakinghisexitintheusualvagueexcuseshecamerightoutandsaidhewasleavingtopursuemygoalofrunningacompanyBroadcastinghisambitionwasverymuchmydecisionMcGeesays.WithintwoweekshewastalkingforthefirsttimewiththeboardofHartfordFinancialServicesGroupwhichnamedhimCEOandchairmanonSeptember29. McGeesaysleavingwithoutapositionlinedupgavehimtimetoreflectonwhatkindofcompanyhewantedtorun.Italsosentaclearmessagetotheoutsideworldabouthisaspirations.AndMcGeeisn’talone.InrecentweekstheNo.2executivesatAvonandAmericanExpressquitwiththeexplanationthattheywerelookingforaCEOpost.Asboardsscrutinizesuccessionplansinresponsetoshareholderpressureexecutiveswhodon’tgetthenodalsomaywishtomoveon.Aturbulentbusinessenvironmentalsohasseniormanagerscautiousoflettingvaguepronouncementscloudtheirreputations Asthefirstsignsofrecoverybegintotakeholddeputychiefsmaybemorewillingtomakethejumpwithoutanet.InthethirdquarterCEOturnoverwasdown23%fromayearagoasnervousboardsstuckwiththeleaderstheyhadaccordingtoLiberumResearch.Astheeconomypicksupopportunitieswillaboundforaspiringleaders Thedecisiontoquitaseniorpositiontolookforabetteroneisunconventional.ForyearsexecutivesandheadhuntershaveadheredtotherulethatthemostattractiveCEOcandidatesaretheoneswhomustbepoached.SaysKorn/FerryseniorpartnerDennisCarey:Ican’tthinkofasinglesearchI’vedonewhereaboardhasnotinstructedmetolookatsittingCEOsfirst Thosewhojumpedwithoutajobhaven’talwayslandedintoppositionsquickly.EllenMarramquitaschiefofTropicanaadecadeagesayingshewantedtobeaCEO.ItwasayearbeforeshebecameheadofatinyInternet-basedcommoditiesexchange.RobertWillumstadleftCitigroupin2005withambitionstobeaCEO.Hefinallytookthatpostatamajorfinancialinstitutionthreeyearslater Manyrecruiterssaytheolddisgraceisfadingfortopperformers.Thefinancialcrisishasmadeitmoreacceptabletobebetweenjobsortoleaveabadone.Thetraditionalrulewasit’ssafertostaywhereyouarebutthat’sbeenfundamentallyinvertedsaysoneheadhunter.Thepeoplewho’vebeenhurttheworstarethosewho’vestayedtoolong ThewordpoachedLine3Paragraph4mostprobablymeans
Text2 WhenLiamMcGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugusthisexplanationwassurprisinglystraightup.RatherthancloakinghisexitintheusualvagueexcuseshecamerightoutandsaidhewasleavingtopursuemygoalofrunningacompanyBroadcastinghisambitionwasverymuchmydecisionMcGeesays.WithintwoweekshewastalkingforthefirsttimewiththeboardofHartfordFinancialServicesGroupwhichnamedhimCEOandchairmanonSeptember29. McGeesaysleavingwithoutapositionlinedupgavehimtimetoreflectonwhatkindofcompanyhewantedtorun.Italsosentaclearmessagetotheoutsideworldabouthisaspirations.AndMcGeeisn’talone.InrecentweekstheNo.2executivesatAvonandAmericanExpressquitwiththeexplanationthattheywerelookingforaCEOpost.Asboardsscrutinizesuccessionplansinresponsetoshareholderpressureexecutiveswhodon’tgetthenodalsomaywishtomoveon.Aturbulentbusinessenvironmentalsohasseniormanagerscautiousoflettingvaguepronouncementscloudtheirreputations Asthefirstsignsofrecoverybegintotakeholddeputychiefsmaybemorewillingtomakethejumpwithoutanet.InthethirdquarterCEOturnoverwasdown23%fromayearagoasnervousboardsstuckwiththeleaderstheyhadaccordingtoLiberumResearch.Astheeconomypicksupopportunitieswillaboundforaspiringleaders Thedecisiontoquitaseniorpositiontolookforabetteroneisunconventional.ForyearsexecutivesandheadhuntershaveadheredtotherulethatthemostattractiveCEOcandidatesaretheoneswhomustbepoached.SaysKorn/FerryseniorpartnerDennisCarey:Ican’tthinkofasinglesearchI’vedonewhereaboardhasnotinstructedmetolookatsittingCEOsfirst Thosewhojumpedwithoutajobhaven’talwayslandedintoppositionsquickly.EllenMarramquitaschiefofTropicanaadecadeagesayingshewantedtobeaCEO.ItwasayearbeforeshebecameheadofatinyInternet-basedcommoditiesexchange.RobertWillumstadleftCitigroupin2005withambitionstobeaCEO.Hefinallytookthatpostatamajorfinancialinstitutionthreeyearslater Manyrecruiterssaytheolddisgraceisfadingfortopperformers.Thefinancialcrisishasmadeitmoreacceptabletobebetweenjobsortoleaveabadone.Thetraditionalrulewasit’ssafertostaywhereyouarebutthat’sbeenfundamentallyinvertedsaysoneheadhunter.Thepeoplewho’vebeenhurttheworstarethosewho’vestayedtoolong WhenMcGeeannouncedhisdeparturehismannercanbestbedescribedasbeing
Text3 Theroughguidetomarketingsuccessusedtobethatyougotwhatyoupaidfor.Nolonger.Whiletraditionalpaidmedia–suchastelevisioncommercialsandprintadvertisements–stillplayamajorrolecompaniestodaycanexploitmanyalternativeformsofmedia.Consumerspassionateaboutaproductmaycreateownedmediabysendinge-mailalertsaboutproductsandsalestocustomersregisteredwithitsWebsite.Thewayconsumersnowapproachthebroadrangeoffactorsbeyondconventionalpaidmedia Paidandownedmediaarecontrolledbymarketerspromotingtheirownproducts.Forearnedmediasuchmarketersactastheinitiatorforusers’responses.Butinsomecasesonemarketer’sownedmediabecomeanothermarketer’spaidmedia–forinstancewhenane-commerceretailersellsadspaceonitsWebsite.Wedefinesuchsoldmediaasownedmediawhosetrafficissostrongthatotherorganizationsplacetheircontentore-commerceengineswithinthatenvironment.Thistrendwhichwebelieveisstillinitsinfancyeffectivelybeganwithretailersandtravelproviderssuchasairlinesandhotelsandwillnodoubtgofurther.Johnson&JohnsonforexamplehascreatedBabyCenterastand-alonemediapropertythatpromotescomplementaryandevencompetitiveproducts.Besidesgeneratingincomethepresenceofothermarketersmakesthesiteseemobjectivegivescompaniesopportunitiestolearnvaluableinformationabouttheappealofothercompanies’marketingandmayhelpexpandusertrafficforallcompaniesconcerned Thesamedramatictechnologicalchangesthathaveprovidedmarketerswithmoreandmorediversecommunicationschoiceshavealsoincreasedtheriskthatpassionateconsumerswillvoicetheiropinionsinquickermorevisibleandmuchmoredamagingways.Suchhijackedmediaaretheoppositeofearnedmedia:anassetorcampaignbecomeshostagetoconsumersotherstakeholdersoractivistswhomakenegativeallegationsaboutabrandorproduct.Membersofsocialnetworksforinstancearelearningthattheycanhijackmediatoapplypressureonthebusinessesthatoriginallycreatedthem Ifthathappenspassionateconsumerswouldtrytopersuadeotherstoboycottproductsputtingthereputationofthetargetcompanyatrisk.Insuchacasethecompany’sresponsemaynotbesufficientlyquickorthoughtfulandthelearningcurvehasbeensteep.ToyotaMotorforexamplealleviatedsomeofthedamagefromitsrecallcrisisearlierthisyearwitharelativelyquickandwell-orchestratedsocial-mediaresponsecampaignwhichincludedeffortstoengagewithconsumersdirectlyonsitessuchasTwitterandthesocial-newssiteDigg ToyotaMotor’sexperienceiscitedasanexampleof
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