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Historians are detectives searching out the evidence of the past in their pursuit of history. This i...
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Text2"Worsethanuseless"fumedDarrellIssaaRepublicancongressmanfromCaliforniaonMarch19thwhentheHouseJudiciaryCommitteeheldahearingontheImmigrationandNaturalizationService."Terribleandgettingworse"addedZoeLofgrenaDemocraticcolleaguewhohaskeptawatchfuleyeontheINSfortenyears.CommitteememberslineduptotakeswingsatJamesZiglartheheadoftheINS.Heexplainedsomewhatpatheticallythat"outdatedprocedures"hadkeptthevisa-processingwheelsgrindingslowlythroughabacklogofapplications.Healsohadsomenewrulesinmindtotightenupvisas.Speedingupthepaperwork--andgettingmoreofitontocomputers--isvitalbuttheSeptemberattackshaveexposedthetensionbetweentheagency’stwojobs:ontheonehandenforcingthesecurityofAmerica’sbordersandontheothergrantingprivilegessuchasworkpermitstoforeigners.Butotherpeoplewantmoreradicalchanges.JamesSensenbrenneraRepublicancongressmanfromWisconsinwantstosplittheINSintotwoseparatebodiesonedealingwithbordersecurityandtheotherwithhandlingbenefitstoimmigrants.TheotherapproachfavoredintheWhiteHouseistotreatthetwofunctionsascomplementaryandtogivetheINSevenmoreresponsibilityforsecurity.UnderthatplantheINSwouldmergewiththeCustomsServicewhichmonitorsthe20mshipmentsofgoodsbroughtintoAmericaeveryyearaswellasthebagscarriedinbysome500mvisitors.ThetwoagencieswouldformonelargebodywithintheDepartmentofJusticethecurrenthomeoftheINS.ThiswouldcutoutsomeoftheduplicatedeffortatborderswherecustomsofficersandagentsfromtheINS’sBorderPatroloftenrubshouldersbutdonotworktogether.MrBush--whohassaidthatthenewsofthevisaapprovalslefthim"plentyhot"--wasexpectedtogivehisapproval.Thesenatehowevermaynotbequitesokeen.TheJusticeDepartmentcouldhavetroublehandlingsuchamergerletalonetakingontheconsiderableeconomicresponsibilitiesoftheCustomsServicewhichiscurrentlypartoftheTreasury.Thesenateprefersyetanothersetofsecurityrecommendationsincludinglinksbetweenthedatabasesofdifferentagenciesthatholdsecurityandimmigrationinformationandscannersatportsofentrytocheckbiometricdatarecordedonimmigrationdocuments.TheseideasareembodiedinabillsponsoredbymembersofbothpartiesbutarecurrentlyheldupbyRobertByrdthechairmanoftheSenateAppropriationsCommitteewhoworriesthattherehasnotbeenenoughdebateonthesubject.MrZiglarpoorchapmayfeeltherehasbeenmorethanenough. Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage
PartBDirections:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofillineachnumberedbox.ThefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.10points [A]Whyisforeigntext"renderedmeaningless"whenpassedthroughanonlinetranslationtoolAccordingtoSabineReulwhorunsaFrankfurt-basedtranslationcompanytranslationtoolshavelimitedusesandproblemsarisewhenwebusersexpecttoomuchfromthem."Atranslationtoolworksforsomethings"saysReul."SayaBritishcompanywantstoorderaboxofscrewsfromaGermansupplier.AsentencelikeWeneedoneboxofacertaintypeofscrew’issomethingthatamachinecouldtranslatereasonablyaccurately--thoughprimitively." [B]Yetwhenitcomestotranslatingblocksoftext-wordsandsentencesthatconveythoughtsandsentimentsonlinetoolsareboundtofailsheadds."Beyondsimplesentencestheonlineprocesssimplydoesn’tworkbecausemachinesdon’tunderstandgrammarandsemanticsnevermindidiomandstyle.""Languageisnotasystemofsignsinthemechanicalsenseoftheword"saysReul."Itisalivingmediumthatisusedtoconveythought.Andthatiswheremachinesfail.Humaninputisindispensableaslongascomputerscannotthink."Reulandothertranslatorslookforwardtothedaywhenclevercomputersmighthelptoeasetheirworkload--butthattimehasnotarrivedyet. [C]EarlierthismonththesmallGermantownofHomberg-an-der-EfzenorthofFrankfurthadtopulpanentireprintrunofitsEnglish-languagetourismbrochureafterofficialsusedanInternettranslatingtooltotranslatetheGermantext.Accordingtoonereportthebrochurewas"renderedmeaningless"bytheonlinetool.MartinWagnermayorofHomberg-an-der-Efzeadmitsthatthetownmadea"blunder".AsaresultofofficialstryingtosavemoneybygettingtheInternettodoatranslator’sjobatotalof7500brochureshadtobebinned. [D]"Itwouldbeniceifcomputerscoulddothejob.Andcertainlythequestformachinetranslationhaspromptedalotoflinguisticresearchthatmayprovevaluableinunforeseenways.Butexperiencetodateconfirmsthateventhemostsubtlecomputerprogramdoesn’tthinkandyouneedtobeabletothinkinordertotranslate." [E]Thisstoryhighlightssomeofthepitfallsoftranslatingonline.Therearemanyinstanttranslationtoolsonthewebbuttheyarebestusedforindividualwordsandshortphrasesratherthanforbrochuresbooksoranythingcomplex.Forexampleoneofthejoysofthewebisthatitgrantsyouaccesstoanarrayofforeignnewssources.Yetifyouweretouseatranslationtooltotrytomakesenseofsuchreportsyoucouldendupwitharatherskewedandsurrealviewoftheworld. [F]Untilthedawnofthinkingcomputersonlinetranslationtoolsarebestreservedforwordsbasicsentencesandusefulholidayphrase.Fortourismbrochuresnewspaperreportsandtherestyouwillhavetorelyonsomeold-fashioned"humaninput". [G]Relyingononlinetranslationtoolscanbeariskybusinessespeciallyifyouexpecttoomuchofit.ForthetimebeingmighttranslationbesomethingbestlefttothehumansOrder: 45
Text2"Worsethanuseless"fumedDarrellIssaaRepublicancongressmanfromCaliforniaonMarch19thwhentheHouseJudiciaryCommitteeheldahearingontheImmigrationandNaturalizationService."Terribleandgettingworse"addedZoeLofgrenaDemocraticcolleaguewhohaskeptawatchfuleyeontheINSfortenyears.CommitteememberslineduptotakeswingsatJamesZiglartheheadoftheINS.Heexplainedsomewhatpatheticallythat"outdatedprocedures"hadkeptthevisa-processingwheelsgrindingslowlythroughabacklogofapplications.Healsohadsomenewrulesinmindtotightenupvisas.Speedingupthepaperwork--andgettingmoreofitontocomputers--isvitalbuttheSeptemberattackshaveexposedthetensionbetweentheagency’stwojobs:ontheonehandenforcingthesecurityofAmerica’sbordersandontheothergrantingprivilegessuchasworkpermitstoforeigners.Butotherpeoplewantmoreradicalchanges.JamesSensenbrenneraRepublicancongressmanfromWisconsinwantstosplittheINSintotwoseparatebodiesonedealingwithbordersecurityandtheotherwithhandlingbenefitstoimmigrants.TheotherapproachfavoredintheWhiteHouseistotreatthetwofunctionsascomplementaryandtogivetheINSevenmoreresponsibilityforsecurity.UnderthatplantheINSwouldmergewiththeCustomsServicewhichmonitorsthe20mshipmentsofgoodsbroughtintoAmericaeveryyearaswellasthebagscarriedinbysome500mvisitors.ThetwoagencieswouldformonelargebodywithintheDepartmentofJusticethecurrenthomeoftheINS.ThiswouldcutoutsomeoftheduplicatedeffortatborderswherecustomsofficersandagentsfromtheINS’sBorderPatroloftenrubshouldersbutdonotworktogether.MrBush--whohassaidthatthenewsofthevisaapprovalslefthim"plentyhot"--wasexpectedtogivehisapproval.Thesenatehowevermaynotbequitesokeen.TheJusticeDepartmentcouldhavetroublehandlingsuchamergerletalonetakingontheconsiderableeconomicresponsibilitiesoftheCustomsServicewhichiscurrentlypartoftheTreasury.Thesenateprefersyetanothersetofsecurityrecommendationsincludinglinksbetweenthedatabasesofdifferentagenciesthatholdsecurityandimmigrationinformationandscannersatportsofentrytocheckbiometricdatarecordedonimmigrationdocuments.TheseideasareembodiedinabillsponsoredbymembersofbothpartiesbutarecurrentlyheldupbyRobertByrdthechairmanoftheSenateAppropriationsCommitteewhoworriesthattherehasnotbeenenoughdebateonthesubject.MrZiglarpoorchapmayfeeltherehasbeenmorethanenough. ThechairmanoftheSenateAppropriationsCommitteewillleavetheissueofINSunsettledbecause
Text3Inascience-fictionmoviecalled"Species"amysterioussignalfromouterspaceturnsouttodescribethegenomeofanunknownorganism.WhentheinevitablemadscientistsynthesizestheDNAdescribedbytheinstructionsthecreaturehebreedsfromitturnsouttoresembleNatashaHenstridgeanathleticactress.UnfortunatelythealienharborswithinherdelicateformthedestructivepowersofaPanzerdivisionanditallendsbadlyfortherashgeneticistandhislaboratory.GlenEvanschiefexecutiveofEgeaBiosciencesinSanDiegoCaliforniaacknowledgesregretfullythatdespiteseekinghisexpertopinion--inreturnforwhichhewaspresentedwiththeposterofthestrikingMrHenstridgethathangsonhisofficewall--theproducersof-"Species"didnothewverycloselytohissuggestionsaboutthefeasibilityoftheirscriptideas.Stilltheyhadcometotherightman.DrEvansbelievesthathisfirmwillsoonbeabletocreateifnotanaliensuccubusatleastatinybiologicalmachinemadeofartificialproteinsthatcouldmimicthebehaviorofalivingcell.MakingsuchproteinswillrequiretheabilitytosynthesizelongstretchesofDNA.ExistingtechnologyforsynthesizingDNAcanmanagetomakegenesthatencodeafewdozenaminoacidsbutthisistooshorttoproduceanyinterestingproteins.Egea’stechnologybycontrastwouldallowbiologiststomanufacturegeneswholesale.Thefirm’sscientistscanmakegeneslongenoughtoencode6000aminoacids.Theyaimtosynthesizeagenefor30000aminoacidswithintwoyears.Usingalibraryoftheroughly1500possible"motifs"orfoldsthataproteincanadoptEgea’sscientistsemploycomputerstodesignnewproteinsthatarelikelytohavedesirableshapesandproperties.TosynthesizetheDNAthatencodestheseproteinsEgeausesamachineithasdubbedthe"AsEgeaextendsthelengthofDNAitcansynthesizeDrEvanslikensthisdevicetoawordprocessorforDNAonwhichyoucantypeinthesequenceoflettersdefiningapieceofDNAandgetthatmoleculeout.AsEgeaextendsthelengthofDNAitcansynthesizeDrEvansenvisagesencodingnotjustproteinsbutentirebiochemicalpathwayswhichareteamsofproteinsthatconductmetabolicprocesses.Acollectionofsuchmoleculescouldconceivablyfunctionasaminiaturemachinethatwouldoperateinthebodyandattackdiseasejustasthebody’sowndefensivecellsdo.PerhapsDrEvansandhiscolleaguesoughttogetintouchwiththeirfriendsinHollywood. Theexpressionhewverycloselytocanbebestreplacedby
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10points1exactlyayearagoinasmallvillageinNorthernIndiaAndreaMillinerwasbittenonthelegbyadog."Itmusthave2yournicewhiteflesh"jokedthedoctor3hedressedthewound.AndreaandherhusbandNigelweredeterminednottoletit4theirholidayandthoughtnomoreaboutthedogwhichhadmeanwhile5disappearedfromthevillage."Wedidn’t6therewasanythingwrongwithit"saysNigel."Itwassuchasmall7dogthatrabiesdidn’t8mymind".Butsixweekslater23-year-oldAndreawasdead.Thedoghadbeenrabid.Noonehadthoughtitnecessaryto9herantirabiestreatment.WhenbackhomeinEnglandshebegantoshowtheclassic10unabletodrinkcatchingherbreathherowndoctorputit11tohysteria.Evenwhenshewas12intoan13hallucinatingrecoilinginterroratthesightofwatershewasdirected14thenearestmentalhospital.Butifhersymptoms15littleattentioninlifeindeaththeyachievedapublicityclosetohysteria.CaseslikeAndreaare16butrabiesisstilloneofthemostfeareddiseasesknowntoman.Thediseaseis17byabiteofalickfroman18animal.Itcaninvery19circumstancesbeinhaled--twoscientistsdiedofitafter20batdunginacaveinTexas. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.3
Text3Inascience-fictionmoviecalled"Species"amysterioussignalfromouterspaceturnsouttodescribethegenomeofanunknownorganism.WhentheinevitablemadscientistsynthesizestheDNAdescribedbytheinstructionsthecreaturehebreedsfromitturnsouttoresembleNatashaHenstridgeanathleticactress.UnfortunatelythealienharborswithinherdelicateformthedestructivepowersofaPanzerdivisionanditallendsbadlyfortherashgeneticistandhislaboratory.GlenEvanschiefexecutiveofEgeaBiosciencesinSanDiegoCaliforniaacknowledgesregretfullythatdespiteseekinghisexpertopinion--inreturnforwhichhewaspresentedwiththeposterofthestrikingMrHenstridgethathangsonhisofficewall--theproducersof-"Species"didnothewverycloselytohissuggestionsaboutthefeasibilityoftheirscriptideas.Stilltheyhadcometotherightman.DrEvansbelievesthathisfirmwillsoonbeabletocreateifnotanaliensuccubusatleastatinybiologicalmachinemadeofartificialproteinsthatcouldmimicthebehaviorofalivingcell.MakingsuchproteinswillrequiretheabilitytosynthesizelongstretchesofDNA.ExistingtechnologyforsynthesizingDNAcanmanagetomakegenesthatencodeafewdozenaminoacidsbutthisistooshorttoproduceanyinterestingproteins.Egea’stechnologybycontrastwouldallowbiologiststomanufacturegeneswholesale.Thefirm’sscientistscanmakegeneslongenoughtoencode6000aminoacids.Theyaimtosynthesizeagenefor30000aminoacidswithintwoyears.Usingalibraryoftheroughly1500possible"motifs"orfoldsthataproteincanadoptEgea’sscientistsemploycomputerstodesignnewproteinsthatarelikelytohavedesirableshapesandproperties.TosynthesizetheDNAthatencodestheseproteinsEgeausesamachineithasdubbedthe"AsEgeaextendsthelengthofDNAitcansynthesizeDrEvanslikensthisdevicetoawordprocessorforDNAonwhichyoucantypeinthesequenceoflettersdefiningapieceofDNAandgetthatmoleculeout.AsEgeaextendsthelengthofDNAitcansynthesizeDrEvansenvisagesencodingnotjustproteinsbutentirebiochemicalpathwayswhichareteamsofproteinsthatconductmetabolicprocesses.Acollectionofsuchmoleculescouldconceivablyfunctionasaminiaturemachinethatwouldoperateinthebodyandattackdiseasejustasthebody’sowndefensivecellsdo.PerhapsDrEvansandhiscolleaguesoughttogetintouchwiththeirfriendsinHollywood. TheDNAdesignedbyEvan'stechnologydiffersstrikinglyfromthatsynthesizedbyexistingtechnologyinthattheformerischaracterizedbyits
PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.10pointsInthetwodecadesbetween1929and1949sculptureintheUnitedStatessustainedwhatwasprobablythegreatestexpansioninsheertechniquetooccurinmanycenturies.46Therewasfirstofalltheincorporationofweldingintosculpturalpracticewiththeresultthatitwaspossibletoformanewkindofmetalobject.Forsculptorsworkingwithmetalearlierrestrictedtothedensesolidityofthebronzecastitwaspossibletoaddatypeofworkassembledfrompaper--thinmetalsheetsorsinuouslycurvedrods.Sculpturecouldtaketheformofalineartwo-dimensionalframeandstillremainphysicallyselfsupporting.Alongwiththeinnovationofweldingcameacorrelativedeparture:freestandingsculpturethatwasshockinglyflat.Yetanothertechnicalexpansionoftheoptionsforsculptureappearedintheguiseofmotion.47Theindividualpartsofasculpturewerenolongerunderstoodasnecessarilyfixedinrelationtooneanotherbutcouldbemadetochangepositionwithinaworkconstructedasamovingobject.Motorizingthesculpturewasonlyoneofmanypossibilitiestakenupinthe1930’s.48Otherstrategiesforgettingtheworktomoveinvolvedstructuringitinsuchawaythatexternalforceslikeairmovementsorthetouchofaviewercouldinitiatemotion.Movementbroughtwithitanewattitudetowardtheissueofsculpturalunity:aworkmightbemadeofwidelydiverseandevendiscordantelements;theirformalunitywouldbeachievedthroughthearcofaparticularmotioncompletingitselfthroughtime.49Liketheuseofweldingandmovementthethirdofthesemajortechnicalexpansionstodevelopinthe1930’sand1940’saddressedtheissuesofsculpturalmaterialsandsculpturalunity.Butitsmediumfordoingsowasthefoundobjectanitemnotintendedforuseinapieceofartworksuchasanewspaperormetalpipe.Tocreateasculpturebyassemblingpartsthathadbeenfabricatedoriginallyforaquitedifferentcontextdidnotnecessarilyinvolveanewtechnology.50Butitdidmeanachangeinsculpturalpracticeforitraisedthepossibilitythatmakingsculpturemightinvolvemoreaconceptualshiftthanaphysicaltransformationofthematerialfromwhichitiscomposed. Theindividualpartsofasculpturewerenolongerunderstoodasnecessarilyfixedinrelationtooneanotherbutcouldbemadetochangepositionwithinaworkconstructedasamovingobject.
Text3Inascience-fictionmoviecalled"Species"amysterioussignalfromouterspaceturnsouttodescribethegenomeofanunknownorganism.WhentheinevitablemadscientistsynthesizestheDNAdescribedbytheinstructionsthecreaturehebreedsfromitturnsouttoresembleNatashaHenstridgeanathleticactress.UnfortunatelythealienharborswithinherdelicateformthedestructivepowersofaPanzerdivisionanditallendsbadlyfortherashgeneticistandhislaboratory.GlenEvanschiefexecutiveofEgeaBiosciencesinSanDiegoCaliforniaacknowledgesregretfullythatdespiteseekinghisexpertopinion--inreturnforwhichhewaspresentedwiththeposterofthestrikingMrHenstridgethathangsonhisofficewall--theproducersof-"Species"didnothewverycloselytohissuggestionsaboutthefeasibilityoftheirscriptideas.Stilltheyhadcometotherightman.DrEvansbelievesthathisfirmwillsoonbeabletocreateifnotanaliensuccubusatleastatinybiologicalmachinemadeofartificialproteinsthatcouldmimicthebehaviorofalivingcell.MakingsuchproteinswillrequiretheabilitytosynthesizelongstretchesofDNA.ExistingtechnologyforsynthesizingDNAcanmanagetomakegenesthatencodeafewdozenaminoacidsbutthisistooshorttoproduceanyinterestingproteins.Egea’stechnologybycontrastwouldallowbiologiststomanufacturegeneswholesale.Thefirm’sscientistscanmakegeneslongenoughtoencode6000aminoacids.Theyaimtosynthesizeagenefor30000aminoacidswithintwoyears.Usingalibraryoftheroughly1500possible"motifs"orfoldsthataproteincanadoptEgea’sscientistsemploycomputerstodesignnewproteinsthatarelikelytohavedesirableshapesandproperties.TosynthesizetheDNAthatencodestheseproteinsEgeausesamachineithasdubbedthe"AsEgeaextendsthelengthofDNAitcansynthesizeDrEvanslikensthisdevicetoawordprocessorforDNAonwhichyoucantypeinthesequenceoflettersdefiningapieceofDNAandgetthatmoleculeout.AsEgeaextendsthelengthofDNAitcansynthesizeDrEvansenvisagesencodingnotjustproteinsbutentirebiochemicalpathwayswhichareteamsofproteinsthatconductmetabolicprocesses.Acollectionofsuchmoleculescouldconceivablyfunctionasaminiaturemachinethatwouldoperateinthebodyandattackdiseasejustasthebody’sowndefensivecellsdo.PerhapsDrEvansandhiscolleaguesoughttogetintouchwiththeirfriendsinHollywood. Thispassageismainly
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10points1exactlyayearagoinasmallvillageinNorthernIndiaAndreaMillinerwasbittenonthelegbyadog."Itmusthave2yournicewhiteflesh"jokedthedoctor3hedressedthewound.AndreaandherhusbandNigelweredeterminednottoletit4theirholidayandthoughtnomoreaboutthedogwhichhadmeanwhile5disappearedfromthevillage."Wedidn’t6therewasanythingwrongwithit"saysNigel."Itwassuchasmall7dogthatrabiesdidn’t8mymind".Butsixweekslater23-year-oldAndreawasdead.Thedoghadbeenrabid.Noonehadthoughtitnecessaryto9herantirabiestreatment.WhenbackhomeinEnglandshebegantoshowtheclassic10unabletodrinkcatchingherbreathherowndoctorputit11tohysteria.Evenwhenshewas12intoan13hallucinatingrecoilinginterroratthesightofwatershewasdirected14thenearestmentalhospital.Butifhersymptoms15littleattentioninlifeindeaththeyachievedapublicityclosetohysteria.CaseslikeAndreaare16butrabiesisstilloneofthemostfeareddiseasesknowntoman.Thediseaseis17byabiteofalickfroman18animal.Itcaninvery19circumstancesbeinhaled--twoscientistsdiedofitafter20batdunginacaveinTexas. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.17
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10points1exactlyayearagoinasmallvillageinNorthernIndiaAndreaMillinerwasbittenonthelegbyadog."Itmusthave2yournicewhiteflesh"jokedthedoctor3hedressedthewound.AndreaandherhusbandNigelweredeterminednottoletit4theirholidayandthoughtnomoreaboutthedogwhichhadmeanwhile5disappearedfromthevillage."Wedidn’t6therewasanythingwrongwithit"saysNigel."Itwassuchasmall7dogthatrabiesdidn’t8mymind".Butsixweekslater23-year-oldAndreawasdead.Thedoghadbeenrabid.Noonehadthoughtitnecessaryto9herantirabiestreatment.WhenbackhomeinEnglandshebegantoshowtheclassic10unabletodrinkcatchingherbreathherowndoctorputit11tohysteria.Evenwhenshewas12intoan13hallucinatingrecoilinginterroratthesightofwatershewasdirected14thenearestmentalhospital.Butifhersymptoms15littleattentioninlifeindeaththeyachievedapublicityclosetohysteria.CaseslikeAndreaare16butrabiesisstilloneofthemostfeareddiseasesknowntoman.Thediseaseis17byabiteofalickfroman18animal.Itcaninvery19circumstancesbeinhaled--twoscientistsdiedofitafter20batdunginacaveinTexas. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.7
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10points1exactlyayearagoinasmallvillageinNorthernIndiaAndreaMillinerwasbittenonthelegbyadog."Itmusthave2yournicewhiteflesh"jokedthedoctor3hedressedthewound.AndreaandherhusbandNigelweredeterminednottoletit4theirholidayandthoughtnomoreaboutthedogwhichhadmeanwhile5disappearedfromthevillage."Wedidn’t6therewasanythingwrongwithit"saysNigel."Itwassuchasmall7dogthatrabiesdidn’t8mymind".Butsixweekslater23-year-oldAndreawasdead.Thedoghadbeenrabid.Noonehadthoughtitnecessaryto9herantirabiestreatment.WhenbackhomeinEnglandshebegantoshowtheclassic10unabletodrinkcatchingherbreathherowndoctorputit11tohysteria.Evenwhenshewas12intoan13hallucinatingrecoilinginterroratthesightofwatershewasdirected14thenearestmentalhospital.Butifhersymptoms15littleattentioninlifeindeaththeyachievedapublicityclosetohysteria.CaseslikeAndreaare16butrabiesisstilloneofthemostfeareddiseasesknowntoman.Thediseaseis17byabiteofalickfroman18animal.Itcaninvery19circumstancesbeinhaled--twoscientistsdiedofitafter20batdunginacaveinTexas. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.15
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10points1exactlyayearagoinasmallvillageinNorthernIndiaAndreaMillinerwasbittenonthelegbyadog."Itmusthave2yournicewhiteflesh"jokedthedoctor3hedressedthewound.AndreaandherhusbandNigelweredeterminednottoletit4theirholidayandthoughtnomoreaboutthedogwhichhadmeanwhile5disappearedfromthevillage."Wedidn’t6therewasanythingwrongwithit"saysNigel."Itwassuchasmall7dogthatrabiesdidn’t8mymind".Butsixweekslater23-year-oldAndreawasdead.Thedoghadbeenrabid.Noonehadthoughtitnecessaryto9herantirabiestreatment.WhenbackhomeinEnglandshebegantoshowtheclassic10unabletodrinkcatchingherbreathherowndoctorputit11tohysteria.Evenwhenshewas12intoan13hallucinatingrecoilinginterroratthesightofwatershewasdirected14thenearestmentalhospital.Butifhersymptoms15littleattentioninlifeindeaththeyachievedapublicityclosetohysteria.CaseslikeAndreaare16butrabiesisstilloneofthemostfeareddiseasesknowntoman.Thediseaseis17byabiteofalickfroman18animal.Itcaninvery19circumstancesbeinhaled--twoscientistsdiedofitafter20batdunginacaveinTexas. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.11
PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.10pointsInthetwodecadesbetween1929and1949sculptureintheUnitedStatessustainedwhatwasprobablythegreatestexpansioninsheertechniquetooccurinmanycenturies.46Therewasfirstofalltheincorporationofweldingintosculpturalpracticewiththeresultthatitwaspossibletoformanewkindofmetalobject.Forsculptorsworkingwithmetalearlierrestrictedtothedensesolidityofthebronzecastitwaspossibletoaddatypeofworkassembledfrompaper--thinmetalsheetsorsinuouslycurvedrods.Sculpturecouldtaketheformofalineartwo-dimensionalframeandstillremainphysicallyselfsupporting.Alongwiththeinnovationofweldingcameacorrelativedeparture:freestandingsculpturethatwasshockinglyflat.Yetanothertechnicalexpansionoftheoptionsforsculptureappearedintheguiseofmotion.47Theindividualpartsofasculpturewerenolongerunderstoodasnecessarilyfixedinrelationtooneanotherbutcouldbemadetochangepositionwithinaworkconstructedasamovingobject.Motorizingthesculpturewasonlyoneofmanypossibilitiestakenupinthe1930’s.48Otherstrategiesforgettingtheworktomoveinvolvedstructuringitinsuchawaythatexternalforceslikeairmovementsorthetouchofaviewercouldinitiatemotion.Movementbroughtwithitanewattitudetowardtheissueofsculpturalunity:aworkmightbemadeofwidelydiverseandevendiscordantelements;theirformalunitywouldbeachievedthroughthearcofaparticularmotioncompletingitselfthroughtime.49Liketheuseofweldingandmovementthethirdofthesemajortechnicalexpansionstodevelopinthe1930’sand1940’saddressedtheissuesofsculpturalmaterialsandsculpturalunity.Butitsmediumfordoingsowasthefoundobjectanitemnotintendedforuseinapieceofartworksuchasanewspaperormetalpipe.Tocreateasculpturebyassemblingpartsthathadbeenfabricatedoriginallyforaquitedifferentcontextdidnotnecessarilyinvolveanewtechnology.50Butitdidmeanachangeinsculpturalpracticeforitraisedthepossibilitythatmakingsculpturemightinvolvemoreaconceptualshiftthanaphysicaltransformationofthematerialfromwhichitiscomposed. Liketheuseofweldingandmovementthethirdofthesemajortechnicalexpansionstodevelopinthe1930’sand1940’saddressedtheissuesofsculpturalmaterialsandsculpturalunity
简述保证的概念和设定条件
1askforsomeinformationaboutwhetheryoushouldjoinsomeclubsornot 2showyourdesireforjoiningclubsandexpecttogetsomedetailsaboutmembershiprequirements 3andhopetoreceivethereply Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.10points
下列行为不构成信用卡诈骗罪的是
PartBDirections:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofillineachnumberedbox.ThefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.10points [A]Whyisforeigntext"renderedmeaningless"whenpassedthroughanonlinetranslationtoolAccordingtoSabineReulwhorunsaFrankfurt-basedtranslationcompanytranslationtoolshavelimitedusesandproblemsarisewhenwebusersexpecttoomuchfromthem."Atranslationtoolworksforsomethings"saysReul."SayaBritishcompanywantstoorderaboxofscrewsfromaGermansupplier.AsentencelikeWeneedoneboxofacertaintypeofscrew’issomethingthatamachinecouldtranslatereasonablyaccurately--thoughprimitively." [B]Yetwhenitcomestotranslatingblocksoftext-wordsandsentencesthatconveythoughtsandsentimentsonlinetoolsareboundtofailsheadds."Beyondsimplesentencestheonlineprocesssimplydoesn’tworkbecausemachinesdon’tunderstandgrammarandsemanticsnevermindidiomandstyle.""Languageisnotasystemofsignsinthemechanicalsenseoftheword"saysReul."Itisalivingmediumthatisusedtoconveythought.Andthatiswheremachinesfail.Humaninputisindispensableaslongascomputerscannotthink."Reulandothertranslatorslookforwardtothedaywhenclevercomputersmighthelptoeasetheirworkload--butthattimehasnotarrivedyet. [C]EarlierthismonththesmallGermantownofHomberg-an-der-EfzenorthofFrankfurthadtopulpanentireprintrunofitsEnglish-languagetourismbrochureafterofficialsusedanInternettranslatingtooltotranslatetheGermantext.Accordingtoonereportthebrochurewas"renderedmeaningless"bytheonlinetool.MartinWagnermayorofHomberg-an-der-Efzeadmitsthatthetownmadea"blunder".AsaresultofofficialstryingtosavemoneybygettingtheInternettodoatranslator’sjobatotalof7500brochureshadtobebinned. [D]"Itwouldbeniceifcomputerscoulddothejob.Andcertainlythequestformachinetranslationhaspromptedalotoflinguisticresearchthatmayprovevaluableinunforeseenways.Butexperiencetodateconfirmsthateventhemostsubtlecomputerprogramdoesn’tthinkandyouneedtobeabletothinkinordertotranslate." [E]Thisstoryhighlightssomeofthepitfallsoftranslatingonline.Therearemanyinstanttranslationtoolsonthewebbuttheyarebestusedforindividualwordsandshortphrasesratherthanforbrochuresbooksoranythingcomplex.Forexampleoneofthejoysofthewebisthatitgrantsyouaccesstoanarrayofforeignnewssources.Yetifyouweretouseatranslationtooltotrytomakesenseofsuchreportsyoucouldendupwitharatherskewedandsurrealviewoftheworld. [F]Untilthedawnofthinkingcomputersonlinetranslationtoolsarebestreservedforwordsbasicsentencesandusefulholidayphrase.Fortourismbrochuresnewspaperreportsandtherestyouwillhavetorelyonsomeold-fashioned"humaninput". [G]Relyingononlinetranslationtoolscanbeariskybusinessespeciallyifyouexpecttoomuchofit.ForthetimebeingmighttranslationbesomethingbestlefttothehumansOrder: 41
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10points1exactlyayearagoinasmallvillageinNorthernIndiaAndreaMillinerwasbittenonthelegbyadog."Itmusthave2yournicewhiteflesh"jokedthedoctor3hedressedthewound.AndreaandherhusbandNigelweredeterminednottoletit4theirholidayandthoughtnomoreaboutthedogwhichhadmeanwhile5disappearedfromthevillage."Wedidn’t6therewasanythingwrongwithit"saysNigel."Itwassuchasmall7dogthatrabiesdidn’t8mymind".Butsixweekslater23-year-oldAndreawasdead.Thedoghadbeenrabid.Noonehadthoughtitnecessaryto9herantirabiestreatment.WhenbackhomeinEnglandshebegantoshowtheclassic10unabletodrinkcatchingherbreathherowndoctorputit11tohysteria.Evenwhenshewas12intoan13hallucinatingrecoilinginterroratthesightofwatershewasdirected14thenearestmentalhospital.Butifhersymptoms15littleattentioninlifeindeaththeyachievedapublicityclosetohysteria.CaseslikeAndreaare16butrabiesisstilloneofthemostfeareddiseasesknowntoman.Thediseaseis17byabiteofalickfroman18animal.Itcaninvery19circumstancesbeinhaled--twoscientistsdiedofitafter20batdunginacaveinTexas. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.5
中华人民共和国合同法第74条规定因债务人放弃其到期债权或者无偿转让财产对债权人造成损害的债权人可以请求人民法院撤销债务人的行为债务人以明显不合理的低价转让财产对债权人造成损害并且受让人知道该情形的债权人也可以请求人民法院撤销债务人的行为 撤销权的行使范围以债权人的债权为限债权人行使撤销权的必要费用由债务人负担 试运用民法原理分析该条法律规定包括该条文所规定制度的概念构成要件法律效力和制度价值
下列行为中应以故意杀人罪定罪的是
SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readingthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.40pointsText1AMERICA’Scentralbanksentaclearmessagethisweek.ForthesecondconsecutivemeetingtheFederalOpenMarketCommitteethecentralbank’spolicy-makingcommitteeleftshort-terminterestratesunchangedat1.75%.Butitsaidthattherisksfacingtheeconomyhadshiftedfromeconomicweaknesstoabalancebetweenweaknessandexcessivegrowth.Thisshiftsurprisednoone.Butithasconvincedmanypeoplethatinterestratesaresettoriseagain--andsoon.Judgingbypricesinfuturesmarketsinvestorsarebettingthatshort-terminterestratescouldstartrisingasearlyasMayandwillbe1.25percentagepointshigherbytheendoftheyear.Thatmaybeexcessive.EconomistsatGoldmanSachswholongarguedthatthecentralbankwoulddonothingthisyearnowexpectshort-termratestogouponly0.75%thisyearstartinginJune.ButvirtuallyeveryonereckonssomeFedtighteningisinthefuture.ThereasonAfteranunprecedented11rate-cutsin2001short-terminterestratesareabnormallylow.AsthesignsofrobustrecoverymultiplyanalystsexpecttheFedtotakebacksomeoftherate-cutsitusedasan"insurancepolicy"aftertheSeptember11thterroristattack.Buthigherratescouldstillbefurtheroffparticularlyiftherecoveryproveslessrobustthanmanyhope.Themanufacturingsectorisgrowingafter18monthsofdecline.ThemostoptimisticWallStreetersnowexpectGDPtohaveexpandedbybetween5%and60%onanannualbasisinthefirstquarter.Butonestrongquarterdoesnotimplyasustainablerecovery.Intheshorttermthebounce-backisbeingdrivenbyadramaticrestockingofinventories.Butitcanbesustainedonlyifcorporateinvestmentrecoversandconsumerspendingstaysbuoyant.Andsinceconsumerspendingheldupsowellduringthe"recession"itisunlikelytojumpnow.Theseuncertaintiesalonesuggestthecentralbankwillbecautiousaboutraisinginterestrates.Thatcautionisallthemorenecessarygiventhelackofinflationarypressure.AlthoughAmerica’sconsumerpriceshavestoppedfallingonamonthlybasisthelatestfiguresshowfewsignsofnascentpricepressure.IndeedgiventhehugepressureoncorporateprofitstheFederalReservemightbehappytoseeconsumerpricesriseslightly.InshortwhileWallStreetfretsaboutwhenandhowmuchinterestrateswillgoup.Theanswermaywellbenotsoonandnotmuch. Somepeopleexpectedshort-terminterestratestojumpsoonbecausethey
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10points1exactlyayearagoinasmallvillageinNorthernIndiaAndreaMillinerwasbittenonthelegbyadog."Itmusthave2yournicewhiteflesh"jokedthedoctor3hedressedthewound.AndreaandherhusbandNigelweredeterminednottoletit4theirholidayandthoughtnomoreaboutthedogwhichhadmeanwhile5disappearedfromthevillage."Wedidn’t6therewasanythingwrongwithit"saysNigel."Itwassuchasmall7dogthatrabiesdidn’t8mymind".Butsixweekslater23-year-oldAndreawasdead.Thedoghadbeenrabid.Noonehadthoughtitnecessaryto9herantirabiestreatment.WhenbackhomeinEnglandshebegantoshowtheclassic10unabletodrinkcatchingherbreathherowndoctorputit11tohysteria.Evenwhenshewas12intoan13hallucinatingrecoilinginterroratthesightofwatershewasdirected14thenearestmentalhospital.Butifhersymptoms15littleattentioninlifeindeaththeyachievedapublicityclosetohysteria.CaseslikeAndreaare16butrabiesisstilloneofthemostfeareddiseasesknowntoman.Thediseaseis17byabiteofalickfroman18animal.Itcaninvery19circumstancesbeinhaled--twoscientistsdiedofitafter20batdunginacaveinTexas. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.1
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10points1exactlyayearagoinasmallvillageinNorthernIndiaAndreaMillinerwasbittenonthelegbyadog."Itmusthave2yournicewhiteflesh"jokedthedoctor3hedressedthewound.AndreaandherhusbandNigelweredeterminednottoletit4theirholidayandthoughtnomoreaboutthedogwhichhadmeanwhile5disappearedfromthevillage."Wedidn’t6therewasanythingwrongwithit"saysNigel."Itwassuchasmall7dogthatrabiesdidn’t8mymind".Butsixweekslater23-year-oldAndreawasdead.Thedoghadbeenrabid.Noonehadthoughtitnecessaryto9herantirabiestreatment.WhenbackhomeinEnglandshebegantoshowtheclassic10unabletodrinkcatchingherbreathherowndoctorputit11tohysteria.Evenwhenshewas12intoan13hallucinatingrecoilinginterroratthesightofwatershewasdirected14thenearestmentalhospital.Butifhersymptoms15littleattentioninlifeindeaththeyachievedapublicityclosetohysteria.CaseslikeAndreaare16butrabiesisstilloneofthemostfeareddiseasesknowntoman.Thediseaseis17byabiteofalickfroman18animal.Itcaninvery19circumstancesbeinhaled--twoscientistsdiedofitafter20batdunginacaveinTexas. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.13
Text4PresidentBushtakestothebullypulpittodeliverasternlecturetoAmerica’sbusinesselite.TheJusticeDept.stunstheaccountingprofessionbyfilingacriminalindictmentofArthurAndersenLLPfordestroyingdocumentsrelatedtoitsauditsofEnronCorp.OnCapitolHillsomecongressionalpanelspushonwithbiasedhearingsonEnron’scollapseandnowanotherbustedNewEconomystartelecom’sGlobalCrossing.Lawmakerssignontonewbillsaimedattighteningoversightofeverythingfrompensionsandaccountingtoexecutivepay.ToanyspectatorsitwouldbeeasytoconcludethatthewindsofchangearesweepingCorporateAmericaledbyGeorgeW.Bushwhoranas"areformerwithresult."ButfarfromdeconstructingthecorporateworldbrickbybrickintosomethingcleanersparerandstrongerBushaidesandmanylegislatorsarepreparingmodestlegislativeandadministrativereforms.InsteadofanoverhaulBush’steamiscountingonitsenforcersJusticeandanewlyempoweredSecurities＆ExchangeCommissiontomakeexamplesofthemostegregiousoffenders.Theideaisthatbusinesswillquicklygetthemessageandcleanupitsownact.Whywon’ttheoutragedrhetoricresultinmorechangesForstarterstheBushAdministrationwarnsthatanyrushtolegislatecorporatebehaviorcouldproducearaftofflawedbillsthatraisecostswithouthaltingabuses.Businesshasstriventodrivethepointhomewithanintenselobbyingblitzthathasconvincedmanylawmakersthatover-regulationcouldstartlethestockmarketandperhapsendangerthenascenteconomicrecovery.AllthissetsthestageforWashingtontogetbusywithpredictablymodestresults.Asurgeofcautionissweepingwould-bereformersontheHill."Theyknowtheydon’twanttomakeabigmistake"saysJerryJ.JasinowskipresidentoftheNationalAssociationofManufacturers.Thatgo-slowapproachsuitstheWhiteHouse.AidessaythePresidentwhilepersonallydisgustedbyEnron’sselloutofitspensionersisreluctanttoembracenewsanctionsthatfrustrateevenlaw-abidingcorporationsandcreatealitigationbonanzafortriallawyers.InsteadtheWhiteHousewillpushfornarrowlytargetedactionmostofitcarriedoutbytheSECtheTreasuryDept.andtheLaborDept.TherightoutcomeTreasurySecretaryPaulH.O’NeillsaidonMar.15"dependsontheCongressnotlegislatingthingsthatareoverthetop."ToO’NeillandBushthatmeansenforcingcurrentlawsbeforepassingtoomanynewones.NowhereisthatstanceclearerthanintheAndersenindictment.SotheBushAdministrationleftthedecisiontoJusticeDept.prosecutorsratherthanWhiteHousepoliticaloperativesortheirreformistfellowsattheSEC. TheconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetextthatinthewakeofAndersen'sscandalthegovernment
SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readingthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.40pointsText1AMERICA’Scentralbanksentaclearmessagethisweek.ForthesecondconsecutivemeetingtheFederalOpenMarketCommitteethecentralbank’spolicy-makingcommitteeleftshort-terminterestratesunchangedat1.75%.Butitsaidthattherisksfacingtheeconomyhadshiftedfromeconomicweaknesstoabalancebetweenweaknessandexcessivegrowth.Thisshiftsurprisednoone.Butithasconvincedmanypeoplethatinterestratesaresettoriseagain--andsoon.Judgingbypricesinfuturesmarketsinvestorsarebettingthatshort-terminterestratescouldstartrisingasearlyasMayandwillbe1.25percentagepointshigherbytheendoftheyear.Thatmaybeexcessive.EconomistsatGoldmanSachswholongarguedthatthecentralbankwoulddonothingthisyearnowexpectshort-termratestogouponly0.75%thisyearstartinginJune.ButvirtuallyeveryonereckonssomeFedtighteningisinthefuture.ThereasonAfteranunprecedented11rate-cutsin2001short-terminterestratesareabnormallylow.AsthesignsofrobustrecoverymultiplyanalystsexpecttheFedtotakebacksomeoftherate-cutsitusedasan"insurancepolicy"aftertheSeptember11thterroristattack.Buthigherratescouldstillbefurtheroffparticularlyiftherecoveryproveslessrobustthanmanyhope.Themanufacturingsectorisgrowingafter18monthsofdecline.ThemostoptimisticWallStreetersnowexpectGDPtohaveexpandedbybetween5%and60%onanannualbasisinthefirstquarter.Butonestrongquarterdoesnotimplyasustainablerecovery.Intheshorttermthebounce-backisbeingdrivenbyadramaticrestockingofinventories.Butitcanbesustainedonlyifcorporateinvestmentrecoversandconsumerspendingstaysbuoyant.Andsinceconsumerspendingheldupsowellduringthe"recession"itisunlikelytojumpnow.Theseuncertaintiesalonesuggestthecentralbankwillbecautiousaboutraisinginterestrates.Thatcautionisallthemorenecessarygiventhelackofinflationarypressure.AlthoughAmerica’sconsumerpriceshavestoppedfallingonamonthlybasisthelatestfiguresshowfewsignsofnascentpricepressure.IndeedgiventhehugepressureoncorporateprofitstheFederalReservemightbehappytoseeconsumerpricesriseslightly.InshortwhileWallStreetfretsaboutwhenandhowmuchinterestrateswillgoup.Theanswermaywellbenotsoonandnotmuch. Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthetextisto
SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readingthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.40pointsText1AMERICA’Scentralbanksentaclearmessagethisweek.ForthesecondconsecutivemeetingtheFederalOpenMarketCommitteethecentralbank’spolicy-makingcommitteeleftshort-terminterestratesunchangedat1.75%.Butitsaidthattherisksfacingtheeconomyhadshiftedfromeconomicweaknesstoabalancebetweenweaknessandexcessivegrowth.Thisshiftsurprisednoone.Butithasconvincedmanypeoplethatinterestratesaresettoriseagain--andsoon.Judgingbypricesinfuturesmarketsinvestorsarebettingthatshort-terminterestratescouldstartrisingasearlyasMayandwillbe1.25percentagepointshigherbytheendoftheyear.Thatmaybeexcessive.EconomistsatGoldmanSachswholongarguedthatthecentralbankwoulddonothingthisyearnowexpectshort-termratestogouponly0.75%thisyearstartinginJune.ButvirtuallyeveryonereckonssomeFedtighteningisinthefuture.ThereasonAfteranunprecedented11rate-cutsin2001short-terminterestratesareabnormallylow.AsthesignsofrobustrecoverymultiplyanalystsexpecttheFedtotakebacksomeoftherate-cutsitusedasan"insurancepolicy"aftertheSeptember11thterroristattack.Buthigherratescouldstillbefurtheroffparticularlyiftherecoveryproveslessrobustthanmanyhope.Themanufacturingsectorisgrowingafter18monthsofdecline.ThemostoptimisticWallStreetersnowexpectGDPtohaveexpandedbybetween5%and60%onanannualbasisinthefirstquarter.Butonestrongquarterdoesnotimplyasustainablerecovery.Intheshorttermthebounce-backisbeingdrivenbyadramaticrestockingofinventories.Butitcanbesustainedonlyifcorporateinvestmentrecoversandconsumerspendingstaysbuoyant.Andsinceconsumerspendingheldupsowellduringthe"recession"itisunlikelytojumpnow.Theseuncertaintiesalonesuggestthecentralbankwillbecautiousaboutraisinginterestrates.Thatcautionisallthemorenecessarygiventhelackofinflationarypressure.AlthoughAmerica’sconsumerpriceshavestoppedfallingonamonthlybasisthelatestfiguresshowfewsignsofnascentpricepressure.IndeedgiventhehugepressureoncorporateprofitstheFederalReservemightbehappytoseeconsumerpricesriseslightly.InshortwhileWallStreetfretsaboutwhenandhowmuchinterestrateswillgoup.Theanswermaywellbenotsoonandnotmuch. Theauthor'sattitudetowardGoldmanSachs'sopinionisoneof
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10points1exactlyayearagoinasmallvillageinNorthernIndiaAndreaMillinerwasbittenonthelegbyadog."Itmusthave2yournicewhiteflesh"jokedthedoctor3hedressedthewound.AndreaandherhusbandNigelweredeterminednottoletit4theirholidayandthoughtnomoreaboutthedogwhichhadmeanwhile5disappearedfromthevillage."Wedidn’t6therewasanythingwrongwithit"saysNigel."Itwassuchasmall7dogthatrabiesdidn’t8mymind".Butsixweekslater23-year-oldAndreawasdead.Thedoghadbeenrabid.Noonehadthoughtitnecessaryto9herantirabiestreatment.WhenbackhomeinEnglandshebegantoshowtheclassic10unabletodrinkcatchingherbreathherowndoctorputit11tohysteria.Evenwhenshewas12intoan13hallucinatingrecoilinginterroratthesightofwatershewasdirected14thenearestmentalhospital.Butifhersymptoms15littleattentioninlifeindeaththeyachievedapublicityclosetohysteria.CaseslikeAndreaare16butrabiesisstilloneofthemostfeareddiseasesknowntoman.Thediseaseis17byabiteofalickfroman18animal.Itcaninvery19circumstancesbeinhaled--twoscientistsdiedofitafter20batdunginacaveinTexas. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.19
Text4PresidentBushtakestothebullypulpittodeliverasternlecturetoAmerica’sbusinesselite.TheJusticeDept.stunstheaccountingprofessionbyfilingacriminalindictmentofArthurAndersenLLPfordestroyingdocumentsrelatedtoitsauditsofEnronCorp.OnCapitolHillsomecongressionalpanelspushonwithbiasedhearingsonEnron’scollapseandnowanotherbustedNewEconomystartelecom’sGlobalCrossing.Lawmakerssignontonewbillsaimedattighteningoversightofeverythingfrompensionsandaccountingtoexecutivepay.ToanyspectatorsitwouldbeeasytoconcludethatthewindsofchangearesweepingCorporateAmericaledbyGeorgeW.Bushwhoranas"areformerwithresult."ButfarfromdeconstructingthecorporateworldbrickbybrickintosomethingcleanersparerandstrongerBushaidesandmanylegislatorsarepreparingmodestlegislativeandadministrativereforms.InsteadofanoverhaulBush’steamiscountingonitsenforcersJusticeandanewlyempoweredSecurities＆ExchangeCommissiontomakeexamplesofthemostegregiousoffenders.Theideaisthatbusinesswillquicklygetthemessageandcleanupitsownact.Whywon’ttheoutragedrhetoricresultinmorechangesForstarterstheBushAdministrationwarnsthatanyrushtolegislatecorporatebehaviorcouldproducearaftofflawedbillsthatraisecostswithouthaltingabuses.Businesshasstriventodrivethepointhomewithanintenselobbyingblitzthathasconvincedmanylawmakersthatover-regulationcouldstartlethestockmarketandperhapsendangerthenascenteconomicrecovery.AllthissetsthestageforWashingtontogetbusywithpredictablymodestresults.Asurgeofcautionissweepingwould-bereformersontheHill."Theyknowtheydon’twanttomakeabigmistake"saysJerryJ.JasinowskipresidentoftheNationalAssociationofManufacturers.Thatgo-slowapproachsuitstheWhiteHouse.AidessaythePresidentwhilepersonallydisgustedbyEnron’sselloutofitspensionersisreluctanttoembracenewsanctionsthatfrustrateevenlaw-abidingcorporationsandcreatealitigationbonanzafortriallawyers.InsteadtheWhiteHousewillpushfornarrowlytargetedactionmostofitcarriedoutbytheSECtheTreasuryDept.andtheLaborDept.TherightoutcomeTreasurySecretaryPaulH.O’NeillsaidonMar.15"dependsontheCongressnotlegislatingthingsthatareoverthetop."ToO’NeillandBushthatmeansenforcingcurrentlawsbeforepassingtoomanynewones.NowhereisthatstanceclearerthanintheAndersenindictment.SotheBushAdministrationleftthedecisiontoJusticeDept.prosecutorsratherthanWhiteHousepoliticaloperativesortheirreformistfellowsattheSEC. ByoutragedrhetoricParagraph3theauthoristalkingabout
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDontheANSWERSHEET1.10points1exactlyayearagoinasmallvillageinNorthernIndiaAndreaMillinerwasbittenonthelegbyadog."Itmusthave2yournicewhiteflesh"jokedthedoctor3hedressedthewound.AndreaandherhusbandNigelweredeterminednottoletit4theirholidayandthoughtnomoreaboutthedogwhichhadmeanwhile5disappearedfromthevillage."Wedidn’t6therewasanythingwrongwithit"saysNigel."Itwassuchasmall7dogthatrabiesdidn’t8mymind".Butsixweekslater23-year-oldAndreawasdead.Thedoghadbeenrabid.Noonehadthoughtitnecessaryto9herantirabiestreatment.WhenbackhomeinEnglandshebegantoshowtheclassic10unabletodrinkcatchingherbreathherowndoctorputit11tohysteria.Evenwhenshewas12intoan13hallucinatingrecoilinginterroratthesightofwatershewasdirected14thenearestmentalhospital.Butifhersymptoms15littleattentioninlifeindeaththeyachievedapublicityclosetohysteria.CaseslikeAndreaare16butrabiesisstilloneofthemostfeareddiseasesknowntoman.Thediseaseis17byabiteofalickfroman18animal.Itcaninvery19circumstancesbeinhaled--twoscientistsdiedofitafter20batdunginacaveinTexas. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.9
PartBDirections:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofillineachnumberedbox.ThefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.10points [A]Whyisforeigntext"renderedmeaningless"whenpassedthroughanonlinetranslationtoolAccordingtoSabineReulwhorunsaFrankfurt-basedtranslationcompanytranslationtoolshavelimitedusesandproblemsarisewhenwebusersexpecttoomuchfromthem."Atranslationtoolworksforsomethings"saysReul."SayaBritishcompanywantstoorderaboxofscrewsfromaGermansupplier.AsentencelikeWeneedoneboxofacertaintypeofscrew’issomethingthatamachinecouldtranslatereasonablyaccurately--thoughprimitively." [B]Yetwhenitcomestotranslatingblocksoftext-wordsandsentencesthatconveythoughtsandsentimentsonlinetoolsareboundtofailsheadds."Beyondsimplesentencestheonlineprocesssimplydoesn’tworkbecausemachinesdon’tunderstandgrammarandsemanticsnevermindidiomandstyle.""Languageisnotasystemofsignsinthemechanicalsenseoftheword"saysReul."Itisalivingmediumthatisusedtoconveythought.Andthatiswheremachinesfail.Humaninputisindispensableaslongascomputerscannotthink."Reulandothertranslatorslookforwardtothedaywhenclevercomputersmighthelptoeasetheirworkload--butthattimehasnotarrivedyet. [C]EarlierthismonththesmallGermantownofHomberg-an-der-EfzenorthofFrankfurthadtopulpanentireprintrunofitsEnglish-languagetourismbrochureafterofficialsusedanInternettranslatingtooltotranslatetheGermantext.Accordingtoonereportthebrochurewas"renderedmeaningless"bytheonlinetool.MartinWagnermayorofHomberg-an-der-Efzeadmitsthatthetownmadea"blunder".AsaresultofofficialstryingtosavemoneybygettingtheInternettodoatranslator’sjobatotalof7500brochureshadtobebinned. [D]"Itwouldbeniceifcomputerscoulddothejob.Andcertainlythequestformachinetranslationhaspromptedalotoflinguisticresearchthatmayprovevaluableinunforeseenways.Butexperiencetodateconfirmsthateventhemostsubtlecomputerprogramdoesn’tthinkandyouneedtobeabletothinkinordertotranslate." [E]Thisstoryhighlightssomeofthepitfallsoftranslatingonline.Therearemanyinstanttranslationtoolsonthewebbuttheyarebestusedforindividualwordsandshortphrasesratherthanforbrochuresbooksoranythingcomplex.Forexampleoneofthejoysofthewebisthatitgrantsyouaccesstoanarrayofforeignnewssources.Yetifyouweretouseatranslationtooltotrytomakesenseofsuchreportsyoucouldendupwitharatherskewedandsurrealviewoftheworld. [F]Untilthedawnofthinkingcomputersonlinetranslationtoolsarebestreservedforwordsbasicsentencesandusefulholidayphrase.Fortourismbrochuresnewspaperreportsandtherestyouwillhavetorelyonsomeold-fashioned"humaninput". [G]Relyingononlinetranslationtoolscanbeariskybusinessespeciallyifyouexpecttoomuchofit.ForthetimebeingmighttranslationbesomethingbestlefttothehumansOrder: 43
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