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某同学使用柑橘皮为原料提取橘皮精油，请根据他设计的实验流程示意图回答下列问题． （1）图中的步骤⑤是 ．在进行步骤①之前，需要对橘皮进行 处理． （2）为了使橘皮油易与水分离，在进行步...
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高三下学期生物《》真题及答案
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请回答下列与植物有效成分的提取相关的问题1玫瑰精油提取当原料量等其他条件一定时提取量随蒸馏时间的变化
柑橘是重要的经济植物橘皮中含有大量橘皮精油具有很高的经济价值请回答下列相关问题1利用植物组织培养技术
我国四川省宜宾市的柑橘种植由于受到柑橘大实蝇的危害橘农遭受到了很大的损失当地政府想尽一切办法帮助橘农
请回答下列与植物有效成分的提取相关的问题1适合玫瑰精油提取的常用方法为________法当原料量等其
去年我国某地由于柑橘大实蝇的危害橘农遭受到了很大的损失当地政府想尽一切办法帮助橘农尽量减少损失1有人
某年我国某地由于柑橘大实蝇的危害橘农遭受到了很大的损失当地政府想尽一切办法帮助橘农尽量减少损失.1有
近几年我国柑橘大丰收提取橘皮精油是提高其经济价值的重要途径请分析回答提取过程的有关问题1提取橘皮精油
近几年我国柑橘大丰收提取橘皮精油是提高其经济价值的重要途径请分析回答提取过程的有关问题1提取橘皮精油
关于提取橘皮精油的实验流程说法不正确的是
浸泡之前一般要对橘皮进行干燥去水处理
为了将柑橘皮均匀浸泡在特定溶液中，可以将其粉粹，提高出油率
在压榨之前要用流水漂洗橘皮，防止影响精油质量
用分液漏斗或吸管将上层橘皮油分离后，要在0-5℃下静止1-2d，使杂质沉淀后再次过滤
近几年我国柑橘大丰收提取橘皮精油是提高其经济价值的重要途径请分析回答提取过程的有关问题1提取橘皮精油
近几年我国柑橘大丰收提取橘皮精油是提高其经济价值的重要途径请分析回答提取过程的有关问题1提取橘皮精油
[生物———选修I生物技术实践]从橘皮中提取的橘皮油是食品化妆品和香水配料的优质原料具有很高的经济价
橘皮精油的提取中要用石灰水浸泡其目的是
与橘皮中的有机酸反应,防止损坏橘皮精油
破坏细胞结构,分解果胶,提高出油率
防止提取过程中橘皮精油的有效成分分解
防止蒸馏过程中原料发生焦糊
提取玫瑰精油和橘皮精油的实验流程中共有的操作是
蒸馏
压榨
萃取
分液
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29某年我国某地由于柑橘大实蝇的危害橘农遭受到了很大的损失当地政府想尽一切办法帮助橘农尽量减少损失1
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水蒸气蒸馏法适用于提取玫瑰油、薄荷油等挥发性强的芳香油
压榨法适用于柑橘、柠檬等易焦糊原料的提取
若植物有效成分易水解,应采用水蒸气蒸馏法
提取玫瑰精油和橘皮精油的实验流程中共有的操作是分液
五年前小明家承包了一大片荒山购买种植了无子柑橘苗今年无子柑橘喜获丰收小明家将无子柑橘一部分销售一部分
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EuropeansshouldtrytostayindoorsifashfromIceland'svolcanostartssettlingtheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnedFridayassmallamountsfellinIcelandScotlandandNorway. WHOspokesmanDanielEpsteinsaidthemicroscopic微小的ashispotentiallydangerousforpeoplewhenitstartstoreachtheEarthbecauseinhaled吸入particlescanenterthelungsandcauserespiratoryproblems.AndhealsosaidEuropeanswhogooutsidemightwanttoconsiderwearingamask. Otherexpertshoweverweren'tconvincedthevolcanicashwouldhaveamajoreffectonpeoples'healthandsaidWHO'swarningswerehysterical.Theysaidvolcanicashwasmuchlessdangerousthancigarettesmokeorpollution.Volcanicashismadeoffineparticlesoffragmentedvolcanicrock.Itislightgraytoblackandcanbeasfineastalcumpowder.Duringavolcaniceruptiontheashcanbebreatheddeepintothelungsandcauseirritationeveninhealthypeople.Butonceitfallsfromagreaterdistance﹣likefromthecloudcurrentlyhoveringaboveEurope﹣itshealtheffectsareoftenminimalexpertssay. NotallparticlesarecreatedequalsaidKenDonaldsonaprofessorofrespiratorytoxicologyattheUniversityofEdinburghInthegreatschemeofthingsvolcanicashisnotallthatharmful.AndhesaidmostEuropeans'exposuretovolcanicashwouldbenegligibleandthatonlythoseintheneardistrictsoftheIcelandicvolcanowouldlikelybeatrisk. Dr.StephenSpiroaprofessorofrespiratorymedicineanddeputychairoftheBritishLungFoundationsaidthefurthertheparticlestravelthelessdangeroustheywillbe.ThecloudhasalreadypassedovernorthernScotlandandwehaven'theardofanyilleffectstherehesaid.Spirosaidtowearmasksorstayindoorstoavoidvolcanicashwasoverthetopandabithysterical. 13.Thetextismainlyabout. A.theeffectofvolcanicash B.thehealthriskofvolcanicash C.thedisadvantagesofvolcanicash D.theopinionsonhealthriskofvolcanicash 14.WhichoneistrueaccordingtoParagraph3? A.Thevolcanicash'seffectsonEuropeanswerelittle. B.Theashcausedirritationeveninhealthypeople. C.OtherexpertsthoughtWTO'Swarningswereuseful. D.Thevolcanicashwasmoredangerousthancigarettesmokeorpollution. 15.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage? A.Thevolcanicashwouldn'tbeharmfultopeople. B.Allexpertsthoughtthevolcanicashdidgreatharmtoourhealth. C.Peopleclosetothevolcanowouldlikelybeatriskaccordingtosomeexperts. D.EuropeansshouldstayindoorsbecauseIceland'svolcanostartssettling.
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Flowersarebelievedasthegreatestmessengersoflove.Theyarewidelyusedallovertheworldtorepresentloveandcare.Flowersareawonderfulcreationofnature.Theycanshowtheuniquepersonalityofamother.Soyoucanshowyourlovewiththehelpoftheseflowers.YoucangivebeautifulflowerstoyourmotheronMother'sDay. Amotherisawomanthathasendlessloveforherchildrenandtheloveisselfless.Infactsheisbornakindperson.Sheisoneofthemostimportantpeopleinyourlife.Sotoshowyourloveforyourmotheryoucangivebeautifulflowerstoheronthisbigday. Youcaneasilyfindlotsofdifferenttypesofflowersinmanydifferentcolors.Thebestchoiceforamotheriscarnations康乃馨especiallytheredyellowandpinkones.Youdon'tneedtogiveherrosesonMother'sDay.Youcangiveherabouquet花束ofanothertypeofflowerinstead.Thesmellandstyleoftheflowerarrangementthatyougivewillshowyourlove. Somepeopleliketobuyflowersearlyandkeeptheminthefridgeforfurtheruse.Thisisnotawiseidea.Inthiswayflowerslosetheirfreshness.Itisbettertobuyafreshbouquetanddeliver递送itassoonaspossible.Alwaystrytomakeyourpurchaseattherighttime.Inadditionifyourmotherisnotnearyouandyouwanttosendhersomeflowersthenyoucanuseanonlineservice.ThereareMother'sDayflowerdeliveryservicesallaroundtheworld. GiveFlowerstoYourMotheronMother'sDay Meaningsofflowers ▲thegreatestmessengersoflove. ▲awonderfulcreationofnature 71forgivingflowers ▲Flowersstandforloveandcare. ▲Flowers72theuniquepersonalityofamother. ▲Themother'sloveis73andselfless. ▲Mothersare74toyou. ▲Givingbeautifulflowerstoyourmotherisawayto75. 76ongivingflowerstoyourmother ▲Redyellowandpinkcarnationsarethebest77.▲Youcansendabouquetofdifferentflowersinstead. ▲Youshouldbuy78flowersanddeliverthemquickly. ▲Youcandeliverflowerswithan79serviceifyourmotheris 80away. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80.
15分Chessiscalledthegameofking.Itisatwo﹣playergame.Oneplayerusesthewhitepieces.The61usestheblackpieces.Eachpiecemovesinaspecialway.Onepieceisnamedtheking.Eachplayerhasone.Theplayerstaketurns62movetheirpieces.Ifaplayerlandsonapieceheorshetakesit.Thegameendswhenaplayerloseshisorherking.Thereareafewmore63rulebutthosearethebasics. Somepeoplethinkthatchessis64thanagame.Theythinkthatitmakesthemindstronger.Goodchessplayersusetheirbrains.Theythinkabout65willhappennext.Theseskillsarevery66useinlifeandinchess.Chessiskindoflikeaworkoutforthemind. Chessisnotjustforpeople.Computers67playchesssincethe1970s.atfirsttheymademistakes.Astimeswent68theygrewstronger.In1997acomputerbeat69bestplayerintheworldforthefirsttime.Itwasacomputer70callDeepBlue.Chesssurehascomealongway.Don'tyouthinkso? 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70.
In1989an8.2earthquakealmostflattedAmericakillingover30000peopleinlessthanfourminutes.Inthemiddleofcompletedamageanddisorderafatherrushedtotheschoolwherehissonwassupposedtobe21thatthebuildingwas22.Aftertheshockhe23thepromisehehadmadetohissonNomatter24I'llalwaysbethereforyou!Andtearsbeganto25hiseyes.Ashelookedatthepileofruinsitlookedhopelessbuthekeptrememberinghis26tohisson.Herushedthereandstarted27theruins. Ashewasdiggingotherhelplessparentsarrived28It'stoolate!They'vealldead!29facereality!There'snothingyoucando!Toeachparentheparentherespondedwith30Areyougoingtohelpmenow?Noonehelped.Andthenhecontinuedtodigforhissonstonebystone. Courageouslyhewentonalonebecauseheneededtoknow31Ismyboy32orishedead?Hedugforeighthours…12hours…24hours…36hours…Thenin33hourhepulledbackalargestoneandheardhisson's34.Hescreamedhisson'snameARMAND!HeheardbackDad!?!It'smeDad!Itoldtheotherkidsnottoworry.Itoldthemthatifyouwerealiveyou35meand36yousavedmethey'dbesaved.Youpromised‘NomatterwhathappensI'llalwaysbethereforyou!'YoudiditDad! What‘sgoingoninthere?thefatherasked. Thereare14ofus373833Dad.We'rescaredhungrythirstyandthankfulyou'rehere.Whenthebuildingcollapseditmade39anditsavedus. Comeoutboy! NoDad!Lettheotherkidsoutfirst40Iknowyou'llgetme!NomatterwhathappensIknowyou'llalwaysbethereforme! 21.A.onlydiscovering B.onlytodiscover C.onlyrealizing D.onlytorealize 22.A.asflatasapancake B.ashighasamountain C.asstrongasanox D.asweakasakitten 23.A.memorized B.forgot C.kept D.remembered 24.A.whathappens B.whathappen C.which D.who 25.A.fill B.fillin C.come D.burst 26.A.picture B.promise C.present D.encourage 27.A.digging B.diggingthrough C.diggingout D.digginginto 28.A.tosay B.said C.andsaying D.saying 29.A.Comeout B.Comeagain C.Comeon D.Comeoff 30.A.onenoise B.onesound C.onerow D.oneline 31.A.forhimself B.ofhimself C.byhimself D.tohimself 32.A.live B.livable C.alive D.lively 33.A.38 B.the38 C.38th D.the38th 34.A.sound B.voice C.noise D.tone 35.A.willsave B.wouldsave C.save D.wouldhavesaved 36.A.when B.because C.evenif D.though 37.A.remained B.missing C.left D.gone 38.A.for B.behind C.outof D.over 39.A.apromise B.space C.room D.atriangle 40.A.because B.though C.when D.eventhough
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4.5分SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium水族馆 Theall﹣newSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumsituatedintheheartofMelbourne'sCBDisoneofVictoria'sleadingvisitorattractionsandanunforgettableoutingforthewholefamily.Having12amazingzonesofdiscoverySeaLifeMelbourneAquariumistheveryplacethatyoucannotmisswhenyouvisitthecity. ♦OpeningTimes SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisopenfrom930a.m.until600p.m.everydayoftheyearincludingpublicholidays.Lastadmissionisat500p.m.onehourbeforeclosing. ♦Location位置 SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumislocatedonthecornerofFlindersStreetandKingStreetMelbourne.ItissituatedontheYarraRiveroppositeCrownEntertainmentComplex. ♦GettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium Train SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium/ashortwalkfromeitherFlindersorSouthernCrosstrainstations. Tram有轨电车 TheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumtramstopislocatedonthefreeCityCircleTramroute公交线路andalsoroutes70and75.CityCircleTramsrunevery10minutesinbothdirections. ShuttleBusTheMelbourneCityTouristShuttleisafreebusservicestoppingatkeytouristattractionsinandaroundtheCity.Runningdailyevery15minutesfrom1000a.m.to400p.m. ♦CarParking WhilethereisnopubliccarparkingatSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumthereareseveralpubliccarparkinglotsavailableonlyashortwalkaway. ♦WheelchairAccess SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumprovidespeopleinwheelchairswithfullaccesstoall12zones.Eachflooralsohaswheelchairaccessibletoilets. ♦Terms Ticketswillbeemailedtoyouimmediatelyafterpurchaseoryoucandownloadandprintyourticketsoncepaymenthasbeenaccepted.PleaseprintallticketspurchasedandpresentatthefrontentranceofSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium.Noticketnoentry! 25.SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium. A.islocatedatthecenteroftheCBDinthecity B.has12mostattractiveplacesinMelbourne C.admitsvisitorsfrom930a.m.until600p.m. D.isbesideCrownEntertainmentComplex 26.GettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumvisitorscantake. A.trainsfromSouthernCrosstrainstation B.shuttlebusesaroundthetrainstation C.boatsacrosstheYarraRiver D.eithertramroute70or75 27.SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumoffersvisitors. A.freecarparking B.wheelchairaccess C.Internetconnection D.transportationservice.
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Letmeknowthedateandtimeofyoura.Someonegetstosomeplace
iswell﹣knownthattheearthmovesaroundthesun. A.It B.that C.which D.how
10分Therearesomeverygoodthingsaboutopeneducation.Thiswayofteachingallowsthestudentstodeveloptheirowninterestsinmanysubjects.Openeducationallowsstudentstoberesponsiblefortheirowneducation.Somestudentsdobadlyintraditionalclassrooms.Theopenclassroommayallowthemtoenjoylearning.36Theywillnothavetoworryaboutgradesorrules.37Forsomestudentstherearetoofewrules.Thesestudentswilldolittleinschool.Theywillnotmakegooduseofopeneducationwhichissodifferentfromtraditionaleducation.Thesestudentsmayhaveaproblemofgettingusedtomakingsomanychoices.38Theyworryabouttherulesevenwhentherearenorules.Evenafewruleswillhelpthiskindofstudents.Thelastpointaboutopeneducationisthatsometraditionalteachersdonotlikeit.39Teacherswhowanttohaveanopenclassroommayhavemanyproblemsattheirschool. Younowknowwhatopeneducationis.Someofitsgoodpointsandbadpointshavebeenexplained.Youmayhaveyourownopinionaboutopeneducation.Thewriterthinksthatopeneducationisagoodideabutonlyintheory.40Ibelievethatmoststudentsbutofcoursenotallstudentswantsomestructureintheirclasses.Theywantandneedtohavesomerules.Insomecasestheymustbemadetostudysomesubjects.Manystudentsarepleasedtofindsubjectstheyhavetostudyinteresting.Theywouldnotstudythosesubjectsiftheydidnothaveto. A.Manyteachersdonotbelieveinopeneducation B.Openeducationisbetterthantraditionaleducation. C.Butmanystudentswillnotdowellinanopenclassroom D.Somestudentswillbehappierinanopeneducationschool E.Theteachers'feelingandattitudesareimportanttothestudents. F.Infactitmaynotworkverywellinarealclassorclass G.Formanystudentsitisimportanttohavesomerulesintheclassroom. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
25分最新调查指出人际关系正越来越被人机关系所取代甚至有网友调侃世界上最远的距离是我在你面前而你在低头看手机.根据以下要点用英语写一篇短文给21世纪英文报投稿. 1.描述这一现象2.分析其原因及弊端3.你认为该如何改变现状 注意1.词数120左右2.可适当增加细节使行文连贯.
8分ThereisnoquestionthatfewerteenagersareontheroadsintheUS. In197850%of16﹣year﹣oldshadgottheirfirstdrivinglicence.In2008accordingtotheUSTransportationDepartmentitwasjust30%.Thenumberofthoseaged19andunderwithdrivinglicenceshasalsobeendecliningsince1978when11989000hadlicence.In2010itwas9932441or4.1%ofAmericandrivers. IntheUK683273teenagershavedrivinglicences﹣just1.85%oftotallicenceholdersaccordingtoDepartmentofTransportfiguresfromSeptember2010. ButthedeclineintheUSmayhavemoretodowithtoughertestsandtheintroductionofthenewruleinmanystateswhichforcedriversagedunder16tobeaccompaniedbylicenseddriversof21yearsandolderwhendrivingthanthegrowthofsocialnetworking. InrecentyearstheannualnumberofjourneysbeingmadebyAmericandriversofallageshasdeclinedclearlyforthefirsttimeever.Carusebeganfallingin2007whenaveragepetrolpricesalmostdoubledto$4.12agallonandtheeconomybecameworse. ButtherearesignsthatAmericanremainsacountryonwheels.Ithasahighernumberofcarsperheadofpopulationthananyothercountryintheworld. CarswillalwaysbeapopularmeansoftransportationinAmerica.Youhavetotakeintoconsiderationsomeplacesdon'thaveaccesstopublictransportation.CarsaretheonlywaysomepeoplecangetaroundsaysKristinNevels.Thismakesdrivingnecessaryinsomeruralstateswhereabouttwiceasmanyteenagersareontheroadthaninbigcities. 29.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext? A.DrivingintheUS. B.TransportationintheUS. C.USTeenagersDriveLess. D.PeopleLikeCarsintheUS. 30.whichofthefollowingisnotthereasonwhycarsareusedlessthanbefore? A.trafficjams B.hardertests C.expensivepetrol D.worsteconomy 31.WecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatKristinNevels. A.doubtsthepopularityofthecaruseinthefuture. B.thinksAmericanpeoplecanlivewithoutcars. C.holdsconfidentattitudetothecars'useinAmerica. D.believesAmericashouldbuildupitspublictransportation. 32.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext? A.TheUKhasmoreteenagerdriversthantheUS. B.A15﹣year﹣oldboycannotdrivealoneintheUS. C.TheUShasverydevelopedbustransportationsystem. D.BigcitieshavemoreteenagerdriversthanruralareasintheUS.
假如你是王平几天前你和你的好朋友__在组织班级活动时因意见不一致发生了争吵当时你的态度非常粗鲁言语很伤人结果__不再理你了.现在你非常愧疚.请你给__写一封信以表达你的歉意请求他的原谅并表达继续保持友谊的愿望. 注意1.内容可以适当发挥注意行文连贯 2.开头和结尾已给出不计入总词数. DearLiQiang Iamwritingto Yourssincerely WangPing.
25分假定你是李华你校下周日将举行为爱奔跑RunforLove公益活动旨在为贫困地区的学生和残疾儿童募捐.请给外教海伦写封电子邮件邀她一起参加要点如下 1.活动的时间地点及目的 2.活动内容跑步捐款等 注意1.词数100左右2.开头结尾已为你写好 DearHelen I'liketoinviteyoutojoinusfortheRunforLove. Lookingforwardtoyourreply. Yours LiHua.
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15分Doyoueverstopandthinkaboutthisbigbeautifulworldwelivein?It'shome61somanypeopleandanimals.Weallliveinthisamazingplacesoweallhavethe62responsibletotakecareofittoo. AlongtimeagoIstartedthinkingaboutwhatIcoulddotohelptakecareoftheplanet.1wondered63Icouldusemytalentsforever.Ilovecreatingwebsitesandmakingartanddesigningclothes.That'swhat64inspiremeatage8tostartanonlinecompany.Igavepartofmyprofits利润toorganizations65trytheirbesttosaveourenvironment.AfterIlaunchedmybusinessIstartedgetting66invitetogivepresentationstoyoungpeopleaboutmycompanyandtheenvironment.Ialsotalkaboutsomethingelsethat67bemeaningful. OnethingI'velearnedisthatalotofpeoplethink68smallcontributiontoanycauseisjustadropinthebucket桶andwon'tmakeadifference.Butthat'snottrue!69actualwhenitcomestosavingourenvironmenteverysmallactioncounts.The70smallthingisbetterthanthegreatestintention. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70.
﹣﹣﹣Thedoorisopen.SomeonehavecomeinwhileIwasout. ﹣﹣﹣Really?Youcallthepoliceimmediately. A.mightmust B.canneed C.mustmust D.mustcan
谋生.
8分Youwakeupinthemorningthedayisbeautifulandtheplansforthedayarewhatyouhavebeenlookingforwardtoforalongtime.Thenthetelephoneringsyousayhelloandthedramastarts.Thepersonontheotherendhasadepressingtoneinhisvoiceashestartstotellyouhowterriblehismorningisandthatthereisnothingtolookforwardto.Youarestillinawonderfulmood?Impossible! Communicatingwithnegativepeoplecanwashoutyourhappiness.Itmaynotchangewhatyouthinkbutcommunicatinglongenoughwiththemwillmakeyoufeeldepressedforamomentoralongtime.Lifebringsupsanddownsbutsomepeoplearestuckinthewrongideathatlifehasnohappinesstooffer.Theyonlyfeelgladwhentheymakeothersfeelbad.Nowondertheycanhardlywinothers'pityorrespect.Whenyoucommunicatewithpositivepeopleyourspiritstayshappyandthereforemorepositivethingsareattracted.Whenthedagger匕首ofanegativepersonisputinyouyoufeeltheheavyfeelingthatallinallbringsyoudown. Sometimeswehavenochoicebuttocommunicatewithnegativepeople.Thiscouldbeaco﹣workerorarelative.Inthiscasesaywhatneedstobesaidaslittleaspossible.Sometimesitfeelsgoodtoletoutyourangerbacktothenegativepersonbutallthisistoloweryoutothatsamenegativelevelandtheywon'tfeelashamedofthemselvesaboutthat. Negativityoftenaffectshappinesswithoutevenbeingrealized.Thenegativewordsofanotheratthestartofthedaycanclingto附着youthroughouttherestofyourdaywhichmakesyoufeelbadandstealsyourhappiness.Lifeistooshorttofeelnegative.Staypositiveandavoidnegativityasmuchaspossible. 21.Thepurposeofthefirstparagraphisto. A.makeacomparison B.offeranevidence C.introduceatopic D.describeadailyscene 22.Howcannegativepeoplehaveeffectonus? A.Bychangingourwaysofthinking B.Bytellingusthenatureoflife C.Byinfluencingouremotion D.Bycomparingtheirattitudestolifewithours 23.Somenegativepeoplebasetheirhappinesson. A.otherpeople'srespectforthem B.otherpeople'spityforthem C.buildingupapositiveattitude D.makingotherpeopleunhappy 24.Accordingtothepassagetoreducenegativepeople'sinfluenceonusweareadvisedto. A.showourdissatisfactiontonegativepeople B.communicatewithnegativepeopleaslittleaspossible C.changenegativepeople'sattitudestolife D.makenegativepeoplefeelashamedofthemselves.
HarrywaspthatNicholasdidn'tseemtorecognizehim. Itmeansyoudon'tunderstanditorfeelconfused
Wefinallyboughtahousemabouttwelvefeetbyfifteenfeet.Itreferstothingscanbeexpressedinnumberssuchasthelengthorwidth
感到高兴振奋.
8分Usuallywhenyourteacherasksaquestionthereisonlyonecorrectanswer.Butthereisonequestionthathasmillionsofcurrentanswers.ThatquestionisWhat'syourname?Everyonegivesadifferentanswerbuteveryoneiscorrect. Haveyoueverwonderedaboutpeople'snames?Wheredotheycomefrom?Whatdotheymean? People'sfirstnamesorgivennamesarechosenbytheirparents.Sometimesthenameofagrandparentorothermemberofthefamilyisused.Someparentschoosethenameofawell﹣knownperson.AboycouldbenamedGeorgeWashingtonSmithagirlcouldbenamedHelenKellerJones. Somepeoplegivetheirchildrennamesthatmeangoodthings.ClarameansbrightBeatricemeansonewhogiveshappinessDonaldmeansworldrulerLeonardmeansasbraveasalion. Theearliestlastnamesorsurnamesweretakenfromplacenames.AfamilywiththenameBrookorBrooksprobablylivednearbrook小溪SomeonewhowascalledLongstreetprobablylivedonalongpavedroad.TheGreenwoodfamilylivedinornearaleafyforest. Otherearlysurnamescamefrompeople'soccupations.ThemostcommonoccupationalnameisSmithwhichmeansapersonwhomakesthingswithironorothermetals.Inthepastsmithswereveryimportantworkersineverytownandvillage.SomeotheroccupationalnamesareCarter﹣apersonwhoownedordroveacartPotter﹣apersonwhomadepotsandpans. TheancestorsoftheBakerfamilyprobablybakedbreadfortheirneighborsintheirnativevillage.TheCarpenter'sgreat﹣great﹣great﹣grandfatherprobablybuilthousesandfurniture. Sometimespeoplewereknownforthecoloroftheirhairorskinortheirsizeortheirspecialabilities.WhenthereweretwomenwhowerenamedJohninthesamevillagetheJohnwiththegrayhairprobablybecameJohnGray.OrtheJohnwhowasverytallcouldcallhimselfJohnTallman.JohnFishwasprobablyanexcellentswimmerandJohnLightfootwasprobablyafastrunneroragooddancer. Somefamilynamesweremadebyaddingsomethingtothefather'sname.English﹣speakingpeopleadded﹣sor﹣son.TheJohnsonsaredescendantsofJohntheRobertsfamily'sancestorwasRobert.IrishandScottishpeopleaddedMacorMcorO.PerhapsalloftheMacDonnellsandtheMcDonnellsandtheO'DonnellsaredescendantsofthesameDonnell. 24.WhichofthefollowingaspectsdothesurnamesinthepassageNOTcover? A.Placeswherepeoplelived. B.People'sstatus. C.Talentsthatpeoplepossessed. D.People'soccupations. 25.AccordingtothepassagetheancestorsoftheCarpenterfamilymostprobably. A.ownedordroveacart B.madethingswithmetals C.madekitchentoolsorcontainers D.builthousesandfurniture 26.SupposeanEnglishcouplewhoseancestorslivednearaleafyforestwantedtheirnew﹣bornsontobecomeaworldleaderthebabymightbenamed. A.BeatriceSmith B.LeonardCarter C.GeorgeLongstreet D.DonaldGreenwood 27.Theunderlinedworddescendantsinthelastparagraphmeansaperson's. A.latergenerations B.friendsandrelatives C.colleaguesandpartners D.latersponsors.
WhenIlivedinSpainsomeSpanishfriendsofminedecidedtovisitEnglandbycar.Beforetheylefttheyaskedmeforadviceabouthowtofindaccommodation住所.Isuggestedthattheyshouldstayat‘bedandbreakfast'housesbecausethiskindofaccommodationgivesaforeignvisitoragoodchancetospeakEnglishwiththefamily.Myfriendslistenedtomyadvicebuttheycamebackwithsomefunnystories. Wedidn'tstayatbedandbreakfasthousestheysaidbecausewefoundthatmostfamilieswereawayonholiday. Ithoughtthiswasstrange.FinallyIunderstoodwhathadhappened.MyfriendsspokelittleEnglishandtheythought‘VACANCIES'meant‘holidays'becausetheSpanishwordfor‘holidaysis‘vacancies'.Sotheydidnotgotohousewherethesignoutsidesaid‘VACANCLES'whichinEnglishmeanstherearefreerooms.Thenmyfriendswenttohousewherethesignsaid‘NOVACANCLES'becausetheythoughtthismeantthepeoplewhoownedthehousewerenotawayonholiday.Buttheyfoundthatthesehouseswereallfull.Asaresulttheystayedathotels! Welaughedaboutthisandaboutmistakesmyfriendsmadeinreadingothersigns.InSpanishtheword‘DIVERSION'meansfun.InEnglishitmeansthatworkmenarerepairingtheroadandthatyoumusttakeadifferentroad.Whenmyfriendssawtheword‘DIVERSION'onaroadsigntheythoughttheyweregoingtohavefun.Insteadtheroadendedinalargehold. Englishpeoplehaveproblemstoowhentheylearnforeignlanguages.OnceinParis.WhensomeoneofferedmesomemorecoffeeIsaid‘Thankyou'inFrench.ImeantthatIwouldlikesomemoreHowevertomysurprisethecoffeepotwastakenaway!LaterIfoundoutthat‘Thankyou'inFrenchmeans‘Nothankyou.' 5.MySpanishfriendswantedadviceabout. A.learningEnglish B.findingplacestostayinEngland C.drivingtheircaronEnglishroads D.goingtoEnglandbycar 6.Isuggestedthattheystayatbedandbreakfasthousesbecause. A.theywouldbeabletopracticetheirEnglish B.itwouldbemuchcheaperthanstayinginhotels C.itwouldbeconvenientforthemtohavedinner D.therewouldbenoproblemaboutfindingaccommodationthere 7.NOVACANCIESinEnglishmeans. A.nofreerooms B.freerooms C.notawayonholiday D.holidays 8.WhensomeoneofferedmemorecoffeeandIsaid‘Thankyou'inFrenchI. Adidn'treallywantanymorecoffee B.wantedthemtotakethecoffeepotaway C.reallywantedsomemorecoffee D.wantedtoexpressmypoliteness.
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