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辩证法的实质和核心是
下列关于两点论和重点论的说法中正确的有
矛盾斗争性和同一性的特点有
下列属于矛盾斗争性的内容有
唯物辩证法和形而上学两种发展观的斗争焦点在于
在对待我国传统文化的问题上复古主义犯的错误主要有
Directions:YouareamemberofPhotographyClubandthisclubisgoingtoholdaphotoexhibitiontocelebratethecoming50thanniversaryofyouruniversity.Nowyouareexpectedtowriteanotetoinviteyourschoolmatestocontributephotostothisexhibition.Writeyournoteinnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;useLiMinginstead.Donotwritetheaddress.10points
下列关于物质运动形式的说法中正确的有
有人认为只要我们知道在宇宙开始时粒子的初始状态那么以后世界的任何时间的状态都能精确地推理出来这种观点属于
辩证法在近代的表现形式是
Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyand thentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Yourtranslationshouldbe writtenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.10points Weallbelieveinsomethingorsomeone.Wemustbelievejust aswemusteatsleepandreproduce.46Mankindhasaninsatiableneedfor andanirresistibleattractiontoavastarrayofbeliefsaboutgodsanddemons magicandmiraclestruthandfalsehoodloveandhatesameand different.Implausibleevenirrationalideashavebeen cherishedforcenturies.Saintsandothermartyrssufferedindescribablepain andagonyevendeathfortheirbeliefs.Scientistshavebeenputtodeathfor theirbeliefthattheearthisroundorthatthereisaninvisibleforcecalled gravityorthattheearthisnotthecenteroftheuniversewiththesun revolvingarounditorthatthebloodcirculatesthroughoutthebodyorthat Manevolvedfromlowerformsoflife.47Religiousleadershaveattracted millionsofpeoplewiththeirversionofhowlifebeganandhowwemustbehave; ifpeopledonotbelieveinmedicineandsciencereligioneducationgovernment andthesocialcontractchaosresults’andnosocietycantoleratethatwhich iswhyallsocietiesimposeorderontheirmembers.Wemust believeorfaceunbearableambiguityandanxiety.Isthemosteffectivebelief systemonethatiscomposedofabsolutes—unyieldingunvaryingandeternal48 Theanswerisyes.becausewhenweeliminatedoubtfromasituationwefeel securerestoredtobalancebutifthebeliefsystemisscienceandisbasedon objectiveinformationwithoutabsolutesandrequiresaquestioningattitudeit unnervespeople.Anysystemthatoffersdefinitiveanswerstocomplexhuman questionsandproblems:thisisrightthisiswrongthisistruethisis false—onequestiononeansweronlyisveryappealing.49Allbeliefs requireconfirmationfromanauthoritativesourcewhetherthatbeapriesta rabbiafamilymemberaspecialfriendanexpert—onewhocommandsobedience andrespect.Perhapsallbeliefiscomposedofthesameelementsin approximatelythesameproportionsforevensciencerequiresasuspensionof somedisbeliefsomeuncertaintyhoweverminiscule.BlackHolesandtheBig Bangaremetaphorictruthsderivedfromthephysicsweknownow. Butyouhavetobelievetohavefaithinthemethodsofsciencetogather informationtoanalyseandinterpretitobjectivelyinordertoacceptits conclusions.NoonewitnessedtheBigBangoraBlackHole.Thesewereinferred fromcarefulstudyandanalysisbymanyresearchers.50Fearoftheunknown certainlylendscredencetoanycharismaticfigurewhomakesgreatpromisesofa betterlifenowandafterdeathwhichhasworkedthroughouttheagesandstill does.
有人认为整个世界发展过程是一系列突变的积累这种观点
发展的特点有
Directions:Inthefoll6wingarticlesomesentences havebeenremoved.ForQuestion41—45choosethemostsuitableonethelistA—G tofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Thereareextrachoiceswhichdonot fitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.10points IsHarvardworthitConventionalwisdomsaysyes.Butwith thepriceofadegreefromAmerica’smostfamousuniversityandotherelite privatecollegesnowsurpassing$125000manyfamilies—andanumberof economists—aren’tsosure.Here’salookattheevidence.For American’shighschoolseniorsAprilisthecruelestmonth.That’swhen collegesfloodthepostalsystemwithnewsofwhohaswonaplaceinnextfall’s freshmanclass.Formorethanafewfamiliesadifficultdecisionwillfollow: Isitworthpayingsome$125000togivetheirchildaneducationatanelite bestprivatecollegeOrwouldherfuturebejustasbrightifshewenttoless expensiveschool41.______Certainlymany neuroticboomerparents—andtheirstressed-outresume-buildingteenagers— assumethatitisalwaysbettertochooseHarvardoverBigStateU.becauseof Harvard’spresumablysuperioreducationalenvironmentbetteralumni connectionsandmorelucrativeprofitableon-campusrecruiting opportunities.42.______It’salsotruethatif youwantacareerinbigleadingfirmsintheUSagilt-edgeddiplomaisa distinctadvantage.Thenagainthere’splentyofanecdotalevidencethatan eliteeducationishardlynecessary.ThemajorityoftopCEOschiefexecutive officersurveyedbyFORTUNEin1990didnotattendanelitecollege. 43.______Theacademicevidenceismurkytostartwith thebasics:Collegepays.Onaverageapersonwithanundergraduatedegreenow earnsalmosttwiceasmuchassomeonewithonlyahighschooldiplomaupfrom 1.5timesin1975.Theeconomicliteratureonthepayoffof graduatingfromanelitecollegehoweverasopposedtoanycollegeisfar lessconclusive.Severalstudiesduringthepastdecadefoundaconnection betweenhigherfutureearningsandattendanceatacollegewithhighSATscores. Mostoftheresearchconcludedthatforeach100-pointincreaseintheaverage SATscoreagraduatecouldexpecta3%to7%increasedinlifetime’s earnings.44.______Youwouldexpectgraduates ofselectiveschools—whichattractsuccessfulstudents—tohavesuccessful careers.Itwouldbestunningiftheydidn’t.Whatsuchstudiesdonotmeasure ishowanindividual’searningsareaffectedbythechoiceofcollege. Researchersfoundthatthosewhowenttothemoreprestigiousschoolsreported higherearnings.45.______Admissionsoffices ateliteschoolsincludemanyothercriteriaintheirdecisions—grades extracurricularactivitiesrecommendationsessaysinterviews.Thesefactors mayrevealabilitieslikegoodcommunicationskillsthatarefarmorevaluable intheworkplacethanaperfect1600.Becauseeconomistshavenodataonthese traitstheytermthemunobserved.Buttheyarehardlyunimportant.Until recentlynoonehadtriedtocontrolforunobservedcharacteristicsin measuringtheeffectofaneliteeducationonearnings.[A]What islesscleartomanyparentsandtheircollege-boundyoungstersiswhetherit makeseconomicsensetoattendaneliteschoolwithatotalfour-yearpricetag bigenoughtobuyanicesuburbanhouseinmanypartsofthecountry. [B]Sowhatkindofreturnistherelikelytobeonthat$125000 investmentAndhowdoesitcomparewiththereturnonalessexpensivebutalso lessprestigiouseducation[C]Thesequestionshavenoeasy answers.Ofcoursethat’snottheimpressionyougetfromthe $500-million-a-yearcollege-admissionsindustrywithitsmagazinerankings testprepcoursesandguidebooks.[D]Butthestudiescompared schoolsnotpeople.[E]Schoolselectivitymeasuredbythe averageSATscoreofthestudentsataschooldoesn’tpayoffinahigher incomeovertime.[F]It’struethatbiglawfirmsmajor teachinghospitalsandinvestmentbanks—eventheofficesofFORTUNE—are stuffedwithIvyLeaguers.[G]ButSATscoresarenot everything.
Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyand thentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Yourtranslationshouldbe writtenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.10points Weallbelieveinsomethingorsomeone.Wemustbelievejust aswemusteatsleepandreproduce.46Mankindhasaninsatiableneedfor andanirresistibleattractiontoavastarrayofbeliefsaboutgodsanddemons magicandmiraclestruthandfalsehoodloveandhatesameand different.Implausibleevenirrationalideashavebeen cherishedforcenturies.Saintsandothermartyrssufferedindescribablepain andagonyevendeathfortheirbeliefs.Scientistshavebeenputtodeathfor theirbeliefthattheearthisroundorthatthereisaninvisibleforcecalled gravityorthattheearthisnotthecenteroftheuniversewiththesun revolvingarounditorthatthebloodcirculatesthroughoutthebodyorthat Manevolvedfromlowerformsoflife.47Religiousleadershaveattracted millionsofpeoplewiththeirversionofhowlifebeganandhowwemustbehave; ifpeopledonotbelieveinmedicineandsciencereligioneducationgovernment andthesocialcontractchaosresults’andnosocietycantoleratethatwhich iswhyallsocietiesimposeorderontheirmembers.Wemust believeorfaceunbearableambiguityandanxiety.Isthemosteffectivebelief systemonethatiscomposedofabsolutes—unyieldingunvaryingandeternal48 Theanswerisyes.becausewhenweeliminatedoubtfromasituationwefeel securerestoredtobalancebutifthebeliefsystemisscienceandisbasedon objectiveinformationwithoutabsolutesandrequiresaquestioningattitudeit unnervespeople.Anysystemthatoffersdefinitiveanswerstocomplexhuman questionsandproblems:thisisrightthisiswrongthisistruethisis false—onequestiononeansweronlyisveryappealing.49Allbeliefs requireconfirmationfromanauthoritativesourcewhetherthatbeapriesta rabbiafamilymemberaspecialfriendanexpert—onewhocommandsobedience andrespect.Perhapsallbeliefiscomposedofthesameelementsin approximatelythesameproportionsforevensciencerequiresasuspensionof somedisbeliefsomeuncertaintyhoweverminiscule.BlackHolesandtheBig Bangaremetaphorictruthsderivedfromthephysicsweknownow. Butyouhavetobelievetohavefaithinthemethodsofsciencetogather informationtoanalyseandinterpretitobjectivelyinordertoacceptits conclusions.NoonewitnessedtheBigBangoraBlackHole.Thesewereinferred fromcarefulstudyandanalysisbymanyresearchers.50Fearoftheunknown certainlylendscredencetoanycharismaticfigurewhomakesgreatpromisesofa betterlifenowandafterdeathwhichhasworkedthroughouttheagesandstill does.
唯物辩证法关于矛盾问题精髓的原理是
马克思在批评形而上学的错误时指出在他看出有差别的地方就看不出统一在他看见统一的地方就看不出差别这表明
可能和现实的特点有
系统论和唯物辩证法的关系是
恩格斯认为世界是过程的集合体对这一命题的正确理解有
唯物辩匪法所讲的矛盾是指
下列关于系统和要素的说法中正确的有
Directions:Inthefoll6wingarticlesomesentences havebeenremoved.ForQuestion41—45choosethemostsuitableonethelistA—G tofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Thereareextrachoiceswhichdonot fitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.10points IsHarvardworthitConventionalwisdomsaysyes.Butwith thepriceofadegreefromAmerica’smostfamousuniversityandotherelite privatecollegesnowsurpassing$125000manyfamilies—andanumberof economists—aren’tsosure.Here’salookattheevidence.For American’shighschoolseniorsAprilisthecruelestmonth.That’swhen collegesfloodthepostalsystemwithnewsofwhohaswonaplaceinnextfall’s freshmanclass.Formorethanafewfamiliesadifficultdecisionwillfollow: Isitworthpayingsome$125000togivetheirchildaneducationatanelite bestprivatecollegeOrwouldherfuturebejustasbrightifshewenttoless expensiveschool41.______Certainlymany neuroticboomerparents—andtheirstressed-outresume-buildingteenagers— assumethatitisalwaysbettertochooseHarvardoverBigStateU.becauseof Harvard’spresumablysuperioreducationalenvironmentbetteralumni connectionsandmorelucrativeprofitableon-campusrecruiting opportunities.42.______It’salsotruethatif youwantacareerinbigleadingfirmsintheUSagilt-edgeddiplomaisa distinctadvantage.Thenagainthere’splentyofanecdotalevidencethatan eliteeducationishardlynecessary.ThemajorityoftopCEOschiefexecutive officersurveyedbyFORTUNEin1990didnotattendanelitecollege. 43.______Theacademicevidenceismurkytostartwith thebasics:Collegepays.Onaverageapersonwithanundergraduatedegreenow earnsalmosttwiceasmuchassomeonewithonlyahighschooldiplomaupfrom 1.5timesin1975.Theeconomicliteratureonthepayoffof graduatingfromanelitecollegehoweverasopposedtoanycollegeisfar lessconclusive.Severalstudiesduringthepastdecadefoundaconnection betweenhigherfutureearningsandattendanceatacollegewithhighSATscores. Mostoftheresearchconcludedthatforeach100-pointincreaseintheaverage SATscoreagraduatecouldexpecta3%to7%increasedinlifetime’s earnings.44.______Youwouldexpectgraduates ofselectiveschools—whichattractsuccessfulstudents—tohavesuccessful careers.Itwouldbestunningiftheydidn’t.Whatsuchstudiesdonotmeasure ishowanindividual’searningsareaffectedbythechoiceofcollege. Researchersfoundthatthosewhowenttothemoreprestigiousschoolsreported higherearnings.45.______Admissionsoffices ateliteschoolsincludemanyothercriteriaintheirdecisions—grades extracurricularactivitiesrecommendationsessaysinterviews.Thesefactors mayrevealabilitieslikegoodcommunicationskillsthatarefarmorevaluable intheworkplacethanaperfect1600.Becauseeconomistshavenodataonthese traitstheytermthemunobserved.Buttheyarehardlyunimportant.Until recentlynoonehadtriedtocontrolforunobservedcharacteristicsin measuringtheeffectofaneliteeducationonearnings.[A]What islesscleartomanyparentsandtheircollege-boundyoungstersiswhetherit makeseconomicsensetoattendaneliteschoolwithatotalfour-yearpricetag bigenoughtobuyanicesuburbanhouseinmanypartsofthecountry. [B]Sowhatkindofreturnistherelikelytobeonthat$125000 investmentAndhowdoesitcomparewiththereturnonalessexpensivebutalso lessprestigiouseducation[C]Thesequestionshavenoeasy answers.Ofcoursethat’snottheimpressionyougetfromthe $500-million-a-yearcollege-admissionsindustrywithitsmagazinerankings testprepcoursesandguidebooks.[D]Butthestudiescompared schoolsnotpeople.[E]Schoolselectivitymeasuredbythe averageSATscoreofthestudentsataschooldoesn’tpayoffinahigher incomeovertime.[F]It’struethatbiglawfirmsmajor teachinghospitalsandinvestmentbanks—eventheofficesofFORTUNE—are stuffedwithIvyLeaguers.[G]ButSATscoresarenot everything.
在对待国外文化问题上采取崇洋媚外的态度所犯的错误主要有
社会规律与自然规律相同的地方表现在二者
马克思主义最本质的东西和活的灵魂是
系统的特点有
在事物发展动力问题上外因论的错误在于
揭示了事物发展形式的规律是
任何事物之间的联系都以事物之间的区别为前提和基础这一事实表明了联系的
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