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______是指个体组织自己的动机、能力、信仰及其活动经验而形成的有关自我的一致性形象。
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______指个体组织自己的动机能力信仰及其活动经验而形成的有关自我的一致性形象
学习是指个体经验的获得而引起的
积极的求知动机
经验的积累
解决问题的能力提高
较持久的行为变化过程
认识上的突破
埃里克森提出的______指个体组织自己的动机能力信仰及其活动经验而形成的有关自我的一致性形象
埃里克森提出了______指个体组织自己的动机能力信仰及其活动经验而形成的有关自我的一致性形象
学习的定义有所裨益因为它强调了两个关键性学习要素第一学习不是单纯的智力开发知识积累而是建设个人的有效
学习是一个过程，它会增强个体和集体取得自己真正想要的结果的能力
建设这种有效行动能力，通常需要大量的时间
它是指人和动物在生活过程中获得个体行为经验的过程
学习是人类（个体或团队、组织）在认识与实践过程中获取经验和知识，掌握客观规律，使身心获得发展的社会活动，学习的本质是人类个体和人类整体的自我意识与自我超越
自我同一性是指个体组织自己的动机及其活动经验而形成的有关自我的一致性形象
在中学阶段个体需要组织自己的动机能力信仰及其活动经验而形成自我的一致性形象这是指埃里克森人格发展理论
主动感对内疚感阶段
勤奋感对自卑感阶段
自我同一性对角色混乱阶段
自我整合对绝望感阶段
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—Canyoutellme______—Bydoingmorespeaking.
AOncetherewasapianoplayerinabar酒吧.Peoplecamejusttohearhimplay.Butonenightaladyaskedhimtosingasong.Idon’tsingsaidtheman.ButtheladytoldthewaiterI’mtiredoflisteningtothepiano.Iwanttheplayertosing!ThewaitershoutedacrosstheroomHeyfriend!Ifyouwanttogetpaidsingasong!Sohedid.Hehadneversunginpublicbefore.Nowhewassingingfortheveryfirsttime!NobodyhadeverheardthesongMonalosasungsobeautifully!Hehadtalent天赋hewassittingon!Hemayhavelivedtherestofhislifeasano-namepianoplayerinano-namebar.Butoncehefoundbyaccidentthathecouldsingwellhewentonworkinghardandbecameoneofthebest-knownsingersintheUS.HisnamewasNatKingCole.Youtoohaveskillsandabilities.Youmaynotfellthatyourtalentisgreatbutitmaybebetterthanyouthink.Withhardworkmostskillscanbeimproved.Besidesyoumayhavenosuccessatallifyoujustsitonyourtalent.Fromthestoryweknowifyouhavesometalentyoushould______.
Manystudentshavehobbiessuchasreadingpaintinggrowingvegetablesintheirgardensandlookingafteranimals.Somehobbiesarerelaxingand16arecreative.Hobbiescandevelopyourinterestsandhelpyoulearnnewskills.DavidSmithisastudentandhishobbyiswriting.17thesumerof2000hespentfourweeksonasummercamp.Aswellastheusualactivitiessuchassailingclimbingandmountainbikingtherewasawritingworkshopwithaprofessional18Sheaskedustoimaginethatwewereinastory.Thenwewroteaboutour19atthecamp.InseniorhighschoolDavidwroteastoryaboutteenagelifeandit20asabookin2003.ManyteenagerslovehisbookandasaresultDavidhasbecomea21youngwriter.Davidhasbeenverylucky22hishobbyhasbroughthimenjoymentandsuccessbutheis23interestedinmanyotherthings.IlikeplayingvolleyballtoosaysDavid.Ispendsomeofmyfreetimeplayingvolleyballformyschoolteam.24I’llwritemorebooksinthefuturebutI’mnotsure.It’ssometimesdifficult25thatweshouldn’tspendallourtimeonourfavouritehobby.Therearemanyotherinterestingthingstodoinlifeandweshouldtrytodosomethingnewordifferent.Ⅱ.完形填空/Cloze
EDickwasborninapoorfamily.Hisfatherhadasmallboatandwentfishinginthemorningandsoldthefishinthemarketintheafternoon.Thenheboughtsomefoodforhisfamily.Whenwintercametheywereoftenhungry.Onemorningthehungrymanfellintotheriverandwasn’tfound.Dick’smotherleftherthree-year-oldsonwithoutsayinggood-bye.Hisaunthadtolookafterhim.Twentyyearspassed.Dickbecameatallstrongman.Hefoundworkonafarm.lieworkedhardandwantedtogetmoremoney.Heoftenwenttoseehisauntwithsomenicepresents.Thewomanwasveryhappybutonedayshediedinatrafficaccident.Theyoungmanwasverysad.Afterheburiedherhedecidedtobuyabeautifultombstone墓碑forher.Hewenttotownandcameinashopbutallthetombstonesweretooexpensive.HeaskedDoyousellanoldtombstonesirYeswedosiransweredtheshopkeeper.IsitasexpensiveasthenewoneNoit’smuchcheapersaidtheman.Butanothernamewasengraved刻onit.Itdoesn’tmattersaidDick.Myauntcouldn’tread./Dickoftenwenttoseehisauntbecause______.
群体凝聚力
—Couldyoupleasetellme______intoday’snewspaper—Sorry______
CAmericansusemorewaterthananyotherpeopleintheworld.Ifwecontinuetousewaterattheratewedonowwewillsoonnothaveenoughtomeetourneeds.In198040billiongallonswereusedeachdayintheUnitedStates.In1990700billiongallonswereused.TheaverageAmericansusealmost90gallonsofwateradayforpersonaluse.AndmuchmovewaterisneededtomakethethingsAmericanpeopleliketohave.Forexampleittakesthousandsofgallonsofwatertomakeonepoundofbeefforthedinnertable.Ittakesmorethan100000gallonsofwatertomakeacar.IfweincludetheseusesofwatertheaverageAmericanusesabout2000gallonsofwateraday．WhichisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage7
DAnymistakemadeintheprintingofastampraisesitsvalue.Amistakeononeinexpensivepostagestamphasmadethestampworthamillionandahalftimesitsoriginal本来的value.ThemistakewasmademorethanahundredyearsagointheBritishcolony殖民地ofMauritiusasmallislandintheIndianOcean.In1847anorderforstampswassenttoaLondonprinter—Mauritiuswastobecomethefourthcountryintheworldtoissue发行stamps.Beforetheorderwasdelivered传达apartywasplannedatMauritius’GovernmentHouseandstampswereneededtosendouttheinvitations.Alocalprinterwastoldtocopythedesignforthestamps.HeprintedthewordsPostOfficeinsteadofPostPaidbymistakeontheseveralhundredstampsthatheprinted.Todaythereareonlytwenty-sixofthesemisprintedstampsleft—fourteenOnepennyOrangeredsandtwelveTwopennyBlues.BecauseoftheTwopennyBlue’srareness稀少andagecollectorshavepaidasmuchas$16800forit.In1847mostcountriesoftheworldwere______.
BQuestionnaireReadthequestionsandanswerYESorNothenyouwillfindouthowgoodyouare.1.Whenyoudon’tunderstandsomethingyouaskquestions.2.Youlikelisteningtoolderpeopletalkaboutthepast.3.Youthinkthatyoucanlearnsomethinginterestingfromeveryonearoundyou.4.Youarebraveenoughwhenyouhavetotalktopeopleyoudon’tknow.5.Youenjoyreadingbooksaboutfamouspeople.6.Youalwaysseeandtalktodifferentpeople.7.Youareinterestedinlearningnewwaysofdoingthings.8.Youenjoysharingexperienceswithfriendsandlearningfrompeopleofallages.9.Youtalkalotaboutyourself.10.Evenifyouareoftenwrongyoumakeyourowndecisions.11.Youhateteachingwhatyouaregoodat:sportstechnologywhatever.12.Yourparentsdon’tunderstandyousoyoudon’ttalktothemmuch.SCORENOW!Score2pointsifyouanswerYEStoeachofthefirst8questionsandOifyouchooseNO.Score2pointsifyouanswerNOtoeachofthelast4questionsandOifyouchooseYES.18—24Youarefriendlyandopen-minded.Youmakepeoplefellimportantbylisteningtowhattheyhavetosay.You’llprobablysucceedinlearningallkindsofinterestingthings.Goodforyou!10—16Rememberthateverysinglepersonyouknowcanteachyousomething.Youwillgreatlymakeyourliferichandcolorful.0—8About400yearsagoafamouswriterwroteNomanisanisland.Thisisstilltruetoday.Trytobemoreopenandinterestedinpeoplearoundyou.Thequestionsareusedtotestwhetheryouarewillingto______．
EDickwasborninapoorfamily.Hisfatherhadasmallboatandwentfishinginthemorningandsoldthefishinthemarketintheafternoon.Thenheboughtsomefoodforhisfamily.Whenwintercametheywereoftenhungry.Onemorningthehungrymanfellintotheriverandwasn’tfound.Dick’smotherleftherthree-year-oldsonwithoutsayinggood-bye.Hisaunthadtolookafterhim.Twentyyearspassed.Dickbecameatallstrongman.Hefoundworkonafarm.lieworkedhardandwantedtogetmoremoney.Heoftenwenttoseehisauntwithsomenicepresents.Thewomanwasveryhappybutonedayshediedinatrafficaccident.Theyoungmanwasverysad.Afterheburiedherhedecidedtobuyabeautifultombstone墓碑forher.Hewenttotownandcameinashopbutallthetombstonesweretooexpensive.HeaskedDoyousellanoldtombstonesirYeswedosiransweredtheshopkeeper.IsitasexpensiveasthenewoneNoit’smuchcheapersaidtheman.Butanothernamewasengraved刻onit.Itdoesn’tmattersaidDick.Myauntcouldn’tread./ThewomanhadtolookafterDickbecause______.
Look______!There'satraincoming.
我国心理学家通常将十二岁至十四五岁的年龄时期称作
BQuestionnaireReadthequestionsandanswerYESorNothenyouwillfindouthowgoodyouare.1.Whenyoudon’tunderstandsomethingyouaskquestions.2.Youlikelisteningtoolderpeopletalkaboutthepast.3.Youthinkthatyoucanlearnsomethinginterestingfromeveryonearoundyou.4.Youarebraveenoughwhenyouhavetotalktopeopleyoudon’tknow.5.Youenjoyreadingbooksaboutfamouspeople.6.Youalwaysseeandtalktodifferentpeople.7.Youareinterestedinlearningnewwaysofdoingthings.8.Youenjoysharingexperienceswithfriendsandlearningfrompeopleofallages.9.Youtalkalotaboutyourself.10.Evenifyouareoftenwrongyoumakeyourowndecisions.11.Youhateteachingwhatyouaregoodat:sportstechnologywhatever.12.Yourparentsdon’tunderstandyousoyoudon’ttalktothemmuch.SCORENOW!Score2pointsifyouanswerYEStoeachofthefirst8questionsandOifyouchooseNO.Score2pointsifyouanswerNOtoeachofthelast4questionsandOifyouchooseYES.18—24Youarefriendlyandopen-minded.Youmakepeoplefellimportantbylisteningtowhattheyhavetosay.You’llprobablysucceedinlearningallkindsofinterestingthings.Goodforyou!10—16Rememberthateverysinglepersonyouknowcanteachyousomething.Youwillgreatlymakeyourliferichandcolorful.0—8About400yearsagoafamouswriterwroteNomanisanisland.Thisisstilltruetoday.Trytobemoreopenandinterestedinpeoplearoundyou.IfyousayYEStoallthesequestionsyou’llget______points.
AOncetherewasapianoplayerinabar酒吧.Peoplecamejusttohearhimplay.Butonenightaladyaskedhimtosingasong.Idon’tsingsaidtheman.ButtheladytoldthewaiterI’mtiredoflisteningtothepiano.Iwanttheplayertosing!ThewaitershoutedacrosstheroomHeyfriend!Ifyouwanttogetpaidsingasong!Sohedid.Hehadneversunginpublicbefore.Nowhewassingingfortheveryfirsttime!NobodyhadeverheardthesongMonalosasungsobeautifully!Hehadtalent天赋hewassittingon!Hemayhavelivedtherestofhislifeasano-namepianoplayerinano-namebar.Butoncehefoundbyaccidentthathecouldsingwellhewentonworkinghardandbecameoneofthebest-knownsingersintheUS.HisnamewasNatKingCole.Youtoohaveskillsandabilities.Youmaynotfellthatyourtalentisgreatbutitmaybebetterthanyouthink.Withhardworkmostskillscanbeimproved.Besidesyoumayhavenosuccessatallifyoujustsitonyourtalent.NatKingColesucceededbecause______.
CAmericansusemorewaterthananyotherpeopleintheworld.Ifwecontinuetousewaterattheratewedonowwewillsoonnothaveenoughtomeetourneeds.In198040billiongallonswereusedeachdayintheUnitedStates.In1990700billiongallonswereused.TheaverageAmericansusealmost90gallonsofwateradayforpersonaluse.AndmuchmovewaterisneededtomakethethingsAmericanpeopleliketohave.Forexampleittakesthousandsofgallonsofwatertomakeonepoundofbeefforthedinnertable.Ittakesmorethan100000gallonsofwatertomakeacar.IfweincludetheseusesofwatertheaverageAmericanusesabout2000gallonsofwateraday．Ittakes______watertomakeacarthantomakeonepoundbeef.
—HaveyouseentheTVplayMyUglyMother—Yesit'swellworth______.It's______movingthatI'veseenittwice.
BQuestionnaireReadthequestionsandanswerYESorNothenyouwillfindouthowgoodyouare.1.Whenyoudon’tunderstandsomethingyouaskquestions.2.Youlikelisteningtoolderpeopletalkaboutthepast.3.Youthinkthatyoucanlearnsomethinginterestingfromeveryonearoundyou.4.Youarebraveenoughwhenyouhavetotalktopeopleyoudon’tknow.5.Youenjoyreadingbooksaboutfamouspeople.6.Youalwaysseeandtalktodifferentpeople.7.Youareinterestedinlearningnewwaysofdoingthings.8.Youenjoysharingexperienceswithfriendsandlearningfrompeopleofallages.9.Youtalkalotaboutyourself.10.Evenifyouareoftenwrongyoumakeyourowndecisions.11.Youhateteachingwhatyouaregoodat:sportstechnologywhatever.12.Yourparentsdon’tunderstandyousoyoudon’ttalktothemmuch.SCORENOW!Score2pointsifyouanswerYEStoeachofthefirst8questionsandOifyouchooseNO.Score2pointsifyouanswerNOtoeachofthelast4questionsandOifyouchooseYES.18—24Youarefriendlyandopen-minded.Youmakepeoplefellimportantbylisteningtowhattheyhavetosay.You’llprobablysucceedinlearningallkindsofinterestingthings.Goodforyou!10—16Rememberthateverysinglepersonyouknowcanteachyousomething.Youwillgreatlymakeyourliferichandcolorful.0—8About400yearsagoafamouswriterwroteNomanisanisland.Thisisstilltruetoday.Trytobemoreopenandinterestedinpeoplearoundyou.Thewriterthinksyoushould______.
埃里克森人格发展理论认为儿童人格发展的每一阶段都有一种冲突和矛盾所决定的发展危机2—3岁阶段的危机冲突是
Theproblemismyweight.I’mjust1.57metershighbut51.______myweightis75kilos.Manystudentsoftenmakeafun52.______ofme.Someboyswereunfriendlyforme—theycall53.______memeatball.Thatmakesmetofeelunhappy.54.______AlthoughI’mabittoofatyetIfeelverywell.I55.______enjoymymeal.Iloveeatingmeatverymuch.AndIlike56.______sweetfoodthough.Ioftenhavesugarwithteamilk.In57.______thepasttwomonthsIhadputon5kilos.SoI’mbecoming58.______moreandmoreworriedthisproblembutIdon’t59.______knowtoloseweightquickly.Couldyouhelpmedeardoctor.60.______
—Mayweleavetheclassroomnow—Noyou______.You______toleaveuntilthebellrings.
Theproblemismyweight.I’mjust1.57metershighbut51.______myweightis75kilos.Manystudentsoftenmakeafun52.______ofme.Someboyswereunfriendlyforme—theycall53.______memeatball.Thatmakesmetofeelunhappy.54.______AlthoughI’mabittoofatyetIfeelverywell.I55.______enjoymymeal.Iloveeatingmeatverymuch.AndIlike56.______sweetfoodthough.Ioftenhavesugarwithteamilk.In57.______thepasttwomonthsIhadputon5kilos.SoI’mbecoming58.______moreandmoreworriedthisproblembutIdon’t59.______knowtoloseweightquickly.Couldyouhelpmedeardoctor.60.______
Manystudentshavehobbiessuchasreadingpaintinggrowingvegetablesintheirgardensandlookingafteranimals.Somehobbiesarerelaxingand16arecreative.Hobbiescandevelopyourinterestsandhelpyoulearnnewskills.DavidSmithisastudentandhishobbyiswriting.17thesumerof2000hespentfourweeksonasummercamp.Aswellastheusualactivitiessuchassailingclimbingandmountainbikingtherewasawritingworkshopwithaprofessional18Sheaskedustoimaginethatwewereinastory.Thenwewroteaboutour19atthecamp.InseniorhighschoolDavidwroteastoryaboutteenagelifeandit20asabookin2003.ManyteenagerslovehisbookandasaresultDavidhasbecomea21youngwriter.Davidhasbeenverylucky22hishobbyhasbroughthimenjoymentandsuccessbutheis23interestedinmanyotherthings.IlikeplayingvolleyballtoosaysDavid.Ispendsomeofmyfreetimeplayingvolleyballformyschoolteam.24I’llwritemorebooksinthefuturebutI’mnotsure.It’ssometimesdifficult25thatweshouldn’tspendallourtimeonourfavouritehobby.Therearemanyotherinterestingthingstodoinlifeandweshouldtrytodosomethingnewordifferent.Ⅱ.完形填空/Cloze
—I'msureIwillgetgoodgrades成绩inthegraduationexam.—IfsoIbelieveyourparentswill______theresult.
Children'sDayiscoming.Mrs.LeeisgoingtobuysomeDVDsforherson______
Manystudentshavehobbiessuchasreadingpaintinggrowingvegetablesintheirgardensandlookingafteranimals.Somehobbiesarerelaxingand16arecreative.Hobbiescandevelopyourinterestsandhelpyoulearnnewskills.DavidSmithisastudentandhishobbyiswriting.17thesumerof2000hespentfourweeksonasummercamp.Aswellastheusualactivitiessuchassailingclimbingandmountainbikingtherewasawritingworkshopwithaprofessional18Sheaskedustoimaginethatwewereinastory.Thenwewroteaboutour19atthecamp.InseniorhighschoolDavidwroteastoryaboutteenagelifeandit20asabookin2003.ManyteenagerslovehisbookandasaresultDavidhasbecomea21youngwriter.Davidhasbeenverylucky22hishobbyhasbroughthimenjoymentandsuccessbutheis23interestedinmanyotherthings.IlikeplayingvolleyballtoosaysDavid.Ispendsomeofmyfreetimeplayingvolleyballformyschoolteam.24I’llwritemorebooksinthefuturebutI’mnotsure.It’ssometimesdifficult25thatweshouldn’tspendallourtimeonourfavouritehobby.Therearemanyotherinterestingthingstodoinlifeandweshouldtrytodosomethingnewordifferent.Ⅱ.完形填空/Cloze
Manystudentshavehobbiessuchasreadingpaintinggrowingvegetablesintheirgardensandlookingafteranimals.Somehobbiesarerelaxingand16arecreative.Hobbiescandevelopyourinterestsandhelpyoulearnnewskills.DavidSmithisastudentandhishobbyiswriting.17thesumerof2000hespentfourweeksonasummercamp.Aswellastheusualactivitiessuchassailingclimbingandmountainbikingtherewasawritingworkshopwithaprofessional18Sheaskedustoimaginethatwewereinastory.Thenwewroteaboutour19atthecamp.InseniorhighschoolDavidwroteastoryaboutteenagelifeandit20asabookin2003.ManyteenagerslovehisbookandasaresultDavidhasbecomea21youngwriter.Davidhasbeenverylucky22hishobbyhasbroughthimenjoymentandsuccessbutheis23interestedinmanyotherthings.IlikeplayingvolleyballtoosaysDavid.Ispendsomeofmyfreetimeplayingvolleyballformyschoolteam.24I’llwritemorebooksinthefuturebutI’mnotsure.It’ssometimesdifficult25thatweshouldn’tspendallourtimeonourfavouritehobby.Therearemanyotherinterestingthingstodoinlifeandweshouldtrytodosomethingnewordifferent.Ⅱ.完形填空/Cloze
I______Iwouldwinthefirstprizeofthecompetition.
DAnymistakemadeintheprintingofastampraisesitsvalue.Amistakeononeinexpensivepostagestamphasmadethestampworthamillionandahalftimesitsoriginal本来的value.ThemistakewasmademorethanahundredyearsagointheBritishcolony殖民地ofMauritiusasmallislandintheIndianOcean.In1847anorderforstampswassenttoaLondonprinter—Mauritiuswastobecomethefourthcountryintheworldtoissue发行stamps.Beforetheorderwasdelivered传达apartywasplannedatMauritius’GovernmentHouseandstampswereneededtosendouttheinvitations.Alocalprinterwastoldtocopythedesignforthestamps.HeprintedthewordsPostOfficeinsteadofPostPaidbymistakeontheseveralhundredstampsthatheprinted.Todaythereareonlytwenty-sixofthesemisprintedstampsleft—fourteenOnepennyOrangeredsandtwelveTwopennyBlues.BecauseoftheTwopennyBlue’srareness稀少andagecollectorshavepaidasmuchas$16800forit.Thebesttitleforthisselectionis______.
Manystudentshavehobbiessuchasreadingpaintinggrowingvegetablesintheirgardensandlookingafteranimals.Somehobbiesarerelaxingand16arecreative.Hobbiescandevelopyourinterestsandhelpyoulearnnewskills.DavidSmithisastudentandhishobbyiswriting.17thesumerof2000hespentfourweeksonasummercamp.Aswellastheusualactivitiessuchassailingclimbingandmountainbikingtherewasawritingworkshopwithaprofessional18Sheaskedustoimaginethatwewereinastory.Thenwewroteaboutour19atthecamp.InseniorhighschoolDavidwroteastoryaboutteenagelifeandit20asabookin2003.ManyteenagerslovehisbookandasaresultDavidhasbecomea21youngwriter.Davidhasbeenverylucky22hishobbyhasbroughthimenjoymentandsuccessbutheis23interestedinmanyotherthings.IlikeplayingvolleyballtoosaysDavid.Ispendsomeofmyfreetimeplayingvolleyballformyschoolteam.24I’llwritemorebooksinthefuturebutI’mnotsure.It’ssometimesdifficult25thatweshouldn’tspendallourtimeonourfavouritehobby.Therearemanyotherinterestingthingstodoinlifeandweshouldtrytodosomethingnewordifferent.Ⅱ.完形填空/Cloze
DAnymistakemadeintheprintingofastampraisesitsvalue.Amistakeononeinexpensivepostagestamphasmadethestampworthamillionandahalftimesitsoriginal本来的value.ThemistakewasmademorethanahundredyearsagointheBritishcolony殖民地ofMauritiusasmallislandintheIndianOcean.In1847anorderforstampswassenttoaLondonprinter—Mauritiuswastobecomethefourthcountryintheworldtoissue发行stamps.Beforetheorderwasdelivered传达apartywasplannedatMauritius’GovernmentHouseandstampswereneededtosendouttheinvitations.Alocalprinterwastoldtocopythedesignforthestamps.HeprintedthewordsPostOfficeinsteadofPostPaidbymistakeontheseveralhundredstampsthatheprinted.Todaythereareonlytwenty-sixofthesemisprintedstampsleft—fourteenOnepennyOrangeredsandtwelveTwopennyBlues.BecauseoftheTwopennyBlue’srareness稀少andagecollectorshavepaidasmuchas$16800forit.$16800isthecollector’svalueof______.
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