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blows out the exhaust gases supplies oxygen for combustion cools the valves and cylinder walls all of the above
check the cylinder exhausts for black smoke listen for combustion knock in that cylinder isolate each cylinder and inspect the injector check the cylinder exhaust temperature frequently
dividing walls divided walls dividing liners divided jackets
cylinder casing cylinder bore crankcase door aperture in the cylinder block
low loading of that cylinder faulty combustion in that cylinder sluggish piston ring action excessive piston cooling
mechanical lubricator lubrication function forced feed system bearing lubrication
conducted through the engine block conducted to water cooled cylinder walls conducted through the piston crown loss to escaping exhaust gases
feel the high pressure fuel line check the cylinder exhausts for white smoke frequently check the cylinder exhaust temperature isolate each cylinder and inspect the injector
Camshaft beatings Main bearings Piston crowns Cylinder walls
Differential Trunk Barrel Valve-in-head
radiated through the engine block transferred to water cooled cylinder walls conducted through the piston crown transferred to escaping exhaust gases
swept volume of the cylinder inside diameter of the cylinder piston displacement in the cylinder length of the piston stroke
poor cooling of cylinder walls improper cooling of the piston insufficient piston lubrication all of the above
camshaft beatings main bearings piston crowns cylinder walls
the cylinder weight the cylinder bore the cylinder length the cylinder cover
sufficient quantity / measured measured quantity/sufficient excessive quantity/sufficient the less quantity the better/the more the better
overcooling poor cooling overloading unloading
cylinder cover cylinder block cylinder frame bed-plate
induce carbon formation on cylinder walls improve fuel penetration in the combustion space form a friction reducing film between mating surfaces lubricate the fuel injection
bolts welded into the cylinder head bolts welded into the cylinder frames studs screwed into the cylinder head studs screwed into the cylinder frames