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调节钙磷代谢的维生素是（）
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临床用于调节钙磷代谢治疗佝偻病软骨病的药物为
维生素C
维生素A
维生素D3
维生素E
维生素K3
调节钙磷代谢的主要激素是
PTH
降钙素
生长素
雌激素
维生素D
临床上用于调节钙磷代谢治疗佝偻病软骨病的药物是
维生素A1
维生素D3
维生素C
维生素B1
维生素K3
钙磷的吸收与代谢都由_____和_____调节
维生素A；肾上腺素
维生素D；甲状旁腺素
维生素E；胰岛素
维生素D在体内的代谢调节及生物功能都非常重要掌握维生素D的代谢对钙磷和骨代谢疾病的诊断和治疗有重要意
1，25-（OH）D
维生素D
25-（OH）D
24，25-（OH）D
7-脱氢胆固醇
调节钙磷代谢的维生素是
维生素 A
维生素 D
维生素 E
维生素 K
调节机体钙磷代谢的激素是_____________________和维生素D
调节钙磷代谢的维生素是
维生素A
维生素D
维生素E
维生素K
维生素c
钙磷的吸收与代谢都由_____和_____调节
维生素A肾上腺素
维生素D；甲状旁腺素
维生素E；胰岛素
与体内钙磷代谢调节有关的维生素是
维生素D
维生素E
维生素K
硫辛酸
维生素D具有维持血钙水平的稳定和调节钙磷代谢的作用
一种参与调节钙磷代谢促成骨的生产和骨组织的矿质化缺乏时将降低对钙磷的吸收利用能力发生佝楼病软骨病等症
维生素A
维生素D
维生素E
维生素K
维生素D的生理功能有
调节钙磷代谢
促进肠道对钙磷的吸收
维持血钙血磷浓度
维持骨骼牙齿的正常营养
增进食欲
是参与调节钙磷代谢促进骨的生长和骨组织的矿质化缺乏它将降低对钙磷的吸收及利用能力发生佝偻病软骨病等
维生素A
维生素D
维生素E
维生素B族
甲状旁腺主要调节的代谢作用
钙磷
血糖
维生素
核酸
125—二羟维生素D3是肾脏分泌的能参与钙磷代谢调节的维生素D的激素形成
参与体内钙磷代谢调节的维生素是
维生素E
硫辛酸
维生素D
维生素K
维生素B1
关于钙磷代谢的调节正确的是
降钙素的主要功能为降低血钙升高血磷
降钙素的主要功能为降低血钙降低血磷
甲状旁腺激素可升高血钙，降低血磷，酸化血液
维生素D促进小肠对钙,磷的吸收和转运
维生素D抑制小肠对钙,磷的吸收和转运
维生素D的生理功能是
调节钙、磷代谢
促进肠道对钙、磷吸收
维持血液钙、磷浓度
维持骨骼、牙齿的正常发育
促进肾小管对钙、磷重吸收
维生素D具有调节钙磷代谢与促进钙磷吸收得作用缺乏维生素D得常见 症状有
长骨骨骺增大
鸡胸
牙龈出血
“0”或“X”型腿
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通货紧缩是由于
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TowhatextentaretheunemployedfailingintheirdutytosocietytoworkandhowfarhastheStateanobligationtoensurethattheyhaveworktodo Itisbynowincreasinglyrecognizedthatworkersmaybethrownoutofworkbyindustrialforcesbeyondtheircontrolandthattheunemployedareinsomesensepayingthepriceoftheeconomicprogressoftherestofthecommunity.Butconcernwithunemploymentandtheunemployedvariessharply.Theissuesofdutyandresponsibilitywerereopenedandrevitalizedbytheunemploymentscareof1971-2.RisingunemploymentandincreasedsumspaidoutinbenefitstotheworklesshadreawakenedcontroversieswhichhadbeeninactiveduringmostoftheperiodoffulleremploymentsincethewarendedtheDepression.Itlookedasthoughinfuturetherewouldagainbetoolittleworktogoroundsotherewereargumentsabouthowtoproducemoreworkhowtheavailableworkshouldbesharedoutandwhowasresponsibleforunemploymentandtheunemployed. In1972therewerecriticswhosaidthattheState’’sactioninallowingunemploymenttorisewasafaithlessactabreakingofthesocialcontractbetweensocietyandtheworker.Yetinthemainanycontributionbyemployerstounemployment―suchaslayingoffworkersinordertointroducetechnologicalchangesandmaximizeprofits―tendedtobeignored.Anditwastheunemployedwhowereaccusedoffailingtohonourthesocialcontractbynotfulfillingtheirdutytosocietytowork.Inspiteofgeneralconcernatthescaleoftheunemploymentstatisticswhentheunemployedwereconsideredasindividualstheytendedtoattractscornandthreatsofpunishment.Theircapacitiesandmotivationasworkersandtheirvalueasmembersofsocietybecamesuspect.OfallthemythsoftheWelfareStatestoriesofthework-shyandborrowershavebeentheleastwell-foundedonevidenceyettheyhaveprovedthemostpersistent.TheunemployedwereaccusedofbeingresponsiblefortheirownworklessconditionanddoubtswereexpressedabouttheState’’sobligationeithertoprovidethemwiththesecurityofworkortosupportthemthroughSocialSecurity. Underlyingtheargumentsaboutunemploymentandtheunemployedisabasicdisagreementaboutthenatureandmeaningofworkinsociety.TowhatextentcanorshouldworkberegardedasaservicenotonlyperformedbytheworkerforsocietybutalsomadesecurefortheworkerbytheStateandsupportedifnecessaryAndapartfromcasharetheresocialpressuresandsatisfactionswhichcauseindividualstoseekandkeepwork.sothattheworklessneedworkratherthanjustcash Thebasicdisagreementabouttheessenceofworkrestsonwhetherornot
当一位杰出的老科学家说什么是可能的时候他差不多总是对的但当他说什么是不可能的时候他差不多总是错的这一名言的哲学涵义是
Ourworldofthemid-1990sfacespotentiallyburstingchange.Thequestionisinwhatdirectionwillittakeus46Willthechangecomefromworldwideinitiativesthatreversethedegradationoftheplanetandrestorehopeforthefutureorwillitcomefromcontinuingenvironmentaldeteriorationthatleadstoeconomicdeclineandsocialinstability Thereisnoprecedentfortherapidsubstantialchangeweneedtomake.47Buildinganenvironmentallysustainablefuturedependsonrestructuringtheglobaleconomymajorshiftsinhumanreproductivebehavioranddramaticchangesinvaluesandlifestyles.Doingallthisquicklyaddsuptoarevolutionthatisdrivenanddefinedbytheneedtorestoretheearth’’senvironmentalsystems.IfthisEnvironmentalRevolutionsucceedsitwillrankwiththeAgriculturalandIndustrialRevolutionsasoneofthegreateconomicandsocialtransformationsinhumanhistory. LiketheAgriculturalRevolutionitwilldramaticallyalterpopulationtrends.48Whiletheformersetthestageforenormousincreasesinhumannumbersthisrevolutionwillsucceedonlyifitstabilizeshumanpopulationsizereestablishingabalancebetweenpeopleandnaturalsystemonwhichtheydepend.IncontrasttotheIndustrialRevolutionwhichwasbasedonashifttofossilfuelsthisnewtransformationwillbebasedonashiftawayfromfossilfuels. 49Thetwoearlierrevolutionsweredrivenbytechnologicaladvances―thefirstbythediscoveryoffarmingandthesecondbytheinventionofthesteamenginewhichconvertedtheenergyincoalintomechanicalpower.TheEnvironmentalRevolutionwhileitwillobviouslyneednewtechnologieswillbedrivenprimarilybytherestructuringoftheglobaleconomysothatitdoesnotdestroyitsnaturalsupportsystem. ThepaceoftheEnvironmentalRevolutionneedstobefarfasterthanthatofitspredecessors.TheAgriculturalRevolutionbegansome10000yearsagoandtheIndustrialRevolutionhasbeenunderwayforabouttwocenturies.ButiftheEnvironmentalRevolutionistosucceeditmustbecompressedintoafewdecades.ProgressintheAgriculturalRevolutionwasmeasuredalmostexclusivelyinthegrowthinfoodoutputthateventuallyenabledfarmerstoproduceasurplusthatcouldfeedcitydwellers.Similarlyindustrialprogresswasgainedbysuccessinexpandingtheoutputofrawmaterialsandmanufacturedgoods.50TheEnvironmentalRevolutionwillbejudgedbywhetheritcanshifttheworldeconomyintoanenvironmentallysustainabledevelopmentpathonethatleadstogreatereconomicsecurityhealthierlifestylesandaworldwideimprovementinthehumancondition.
TowhatextentaretheunemployedfailingintheirdutytosocietytoworkandhowfarhastheStateanobligationtoensurethattheyhaveworktodo Itisbynowincreasinglyrecognizedthatworkersmaybethrownoutofworkbyindustrialforcesbeyondtheircontrolandthattheunemployedareinsomesensepayingthepriceoftheeconomicprogressoftherestofthecommunity.Butconcernwithunemploymentandtheunemployedvariessharply.Theissuesofdutyandresponsibilitywerereopenedandrevitalizedbytheunemploymentscareof1971-2.RisingunemploymentandincreasedsumspaidoutinbenefitstotheworklesshadreawakenedcontroversieswhichhadbeeninactiveduringmostoftheperiodoffulleremploymentsincethewarendedtheDepression.Itlookedasthoughinfuturetherewouldagainbetoolittleworktogoroundsotherewereargumentsabouthowtoproducemoreworkhowtheavailableworkshouldbesharedoutandwhowasresponsibleforunemploymentandtheunemployed. In1972therewerecriticswhosaidthattheState’’sactioninallowingunemploymenttorisewasafaithlessactabreakingofthesocialcontractbetweensocietyandtheworker.Yetinthemainanycontributionbyemployerstounemployment―suchaslayingoffworkersinordertointroducetechnologicalchangesandmaximizeprofits―tendedtobeignored.Anditwastheunemployedwhowereaccusedoffailingtohonourthesocialcontractbynotfulfillingtheirdutytosocietytowork.Inspiteofgeneralconcernatthescaleoftheunemploymentstatisticswhentheunemployedwereconsideredasindividualstheytendedtoattractscornandthreatsofpunishment.Theircapacitiesandmotivationasworkersandtheirvalueasmembersofsocietybecamesuspect.OfallthemythsoftheWelfareStatestoriesofthework-shyandborrowershavebeentheleastwell-foundedonevidenceyettheyhaveprovedthemostpersistent.TheunemployedwereaccusedofbeingresponsiblefortheirownworklessconditionanddoubtswereexpressedabouttheState’’sobligationeithertoprovidethemwiththesecurityofworkortosupportthemthroughSocialSecurity. Underlyingtheargumentsaboutunemploymentandtheunemployedisabasicdisagreementaboutthenatureandmeaningofworkinsociety.TowhatextentcanorshouldworkberegardedasaservicenotonlyperformedbytheworkerforsocietybutalsomadesecurefortheworkerbytheStateandsupportedifnecessaryAndapartfromcasharetheresocialpressuresandsatisfactionswhichcauseindividualstoseekandkeepwork.sothattheworklessneedworkratherthanjustcash Itistheauthor’’sbeliefthat
Ifafarmerwishestosucceedhemusttrytokeepawidegapbetweenhisconsumptionandhisproduction.Hemuststorealargequantityofgrain________consumingallhisgrainimmediately.Hecancontinuetosupporthimselfandhisfamily________heproducesasurplus.Hemustusethissurplusinthreeways:asseedforsowingasaninsurance________theunpredictableeffectsofbadweatherandasacommoditywhichhemustsellinorderto________oldagriculturalimplementsandobtainchemicalfertilizersto______thesoil.Hemayalsoneedmoneytoconstructirrigation______andimprovehisfarminotherways.Ifnosurplusisavailableafarmercannotbe______.Hemusteithersellsomeofhispropertyor________extrafundsintheformofloans.Naturallyhewilltrytoborrowmoneyatalow________ofinterestbutloansofthiskindarenot________obtainable.
Inthelasthalfofthenineteenthcenturycapitalandlabourwereenlargingandperfectingtheirrivalorganizationsonmodemlines.Manyanoldfirmwasreplacedbyalimitedliabilitycompanywithabureaucracyofsalariedmanagers.Thechangemetthetechnicalrequirementsofthenewagebyengagingalargeprofessionalelementandpreventedthedeclineinefficiencythatsocommonlyspoiledthefortunesoffamilyfirmsinthesecondandthirdgenerationaftertheenergeticfounders.Itwasmoreoverastepawayfromindividualinitiativetowardscollectivismandmunicipalandstate-ownedbusiness.Therailwaycompaniesthoughstillprivatebusinessmanagedforthebenefitofshareholderswereveryunlikeoldfamilybusiness.Atthesametimethegreatmunicipalitieswentintobusinesstosupplylightingtramsandotherservicestothetaxpayers. Thegrowthofthelimitedliabilitycompanyandmunicipalbusinesshadimportantconsequences.Suchlargeimpersonalmanipulationofcapitalandindustrygreatlyincreasedthenumbersandimportanceofshareholdersasaclassanelementinnationalliferepresentingirresponsiblewealthdetachedfromthelandandthedutiesofthelandowners;andalmostequallydetachedfromtheresponsiblemanagementofbusiness.AllthroughthenineteenthcenturyAmericaAfricaIndiaAustraliaandpartsofEuropewerebeingdevelopedbyBritishcapitalandBritishshareholderswerethusenrichedbytheworld’’smovementtowardsindustrialisation.TownslikeBournemouthandEastbournespranguptohouselargecomfortableclasseswhohadretiredontheirincomesandwhohadnorelationtotherestofthecommunityexceptthatofdrawingdividendsandoccasionallyattendingashareholders’’meetingtodictatetheirorderstothemanagement.OntheotherhandshareholdingmeantleisureandfreedomwhichwasusedbymanyofthelaterVictoriansforthehighestpurposeofagreatcivilization. Theshareholdersassuchhadnoknowledgeofthelivesthoughtsorneedsoftheworkmenemployedbythecompanyinwhichheheldsharesandhisinfluenceontherelationsofcapitalandlabourwasnotgood.Thepaidmanageractingforthecompanywasinmoredirectrelationwiththemenandtheirdemandsbutevenhehadseldomthatfamiliarpersonalknowledgeoftheworkmenwhichtheemployerhadoftenhadunderthemorepatriarchalsystemoftheoldfamilybusinessnowpassingaway.Indeedthemeresizeofoperationsandthenumbersofworkmeninvolvedrenderedsuchpersonalrelationsimpossible.Fortunatelyhowevertheincreasingpowerandorganizationofthetradeunionsatleastinallskilledtradesenabledtheworkmentomeetonequaltermsthemanagersofthecompanieswhoemployedthem.Thecrueldisciplineofthestrikeandlockouttaughtthetwopartiestorespecteachother’’sstrengthandunderstandthevalueoffairnegotiation. It’’strueoftheoldfamilyfirmsthat_________________.
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