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争议最大的问题是：植物如何做出这样的反应呢人类和其他高级动物通过神经系统和大脑整合来自其所处环境的信号，并做出反应。但植物没有神经系统，没有大脑，因此肯定是通过其他途径做到的。最有可能的解释是，它们...
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争议最大的问题是植物如何做出这样的反应呢人类和其他高级动物通过神经系统和大脑整合来自其所处环境的信号
动物如何对外界刺激做出反应的具体描述
动物和植物对外界刺激的敏感度不同
对外界刺激，植物依靠某种激素和电子信号协调做出反应的相关研究
相关科学家在植物对外界刺激的反应问题上存在巨大分歧
争议最大的问题是植物如何做出这样的反应呢人类和其他高级动物通过神经系统和大脑整合来自其所处环境的信号
动物如何对外界刺激做出反应的具体描述
动物和植物对外界刺激的敏感度不同
对外界刺激，植物依靠某种激素和电子信号协调做出反应的相关研究
相关科学家在植物对外界刺激的反应问题上存在巨大分歧
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Don’tallspeakatonce!______please.
--Ishouldhavegonetoseethefilmwithyou.
--Wheredidyougettoknowher --Itwasonthefarm______weworked.
CouldyoutellmesomethingwhatIhaven’tknown
B Ranch.ItwasnearLosAngelesinCalifornia.AfewyearslaterHollywoodwasoneofthefamousplacesintheworld.Atthebeginningofthe20thcenturytherewasabigfarmcalledHollywood.Fromthe1910’stothe1950’sHollywoodwasthefilmcenteroftheworld. Everyfamilyknewthenamesofitsfilmstars——CharlieChaplinGretaGarboBergmanandhundredsmore. ThereasonwhypeoplewenttoHollywoodtomakefilmswasthesun.AtfirstpeoplemadefilmsinNewYorkontheeastcoastoftheUnitedStates. ButthentheyheardaboutLosAngeleswherethereare350daysofthesuneveryyear.Astheymadeallthefilmsbysunlightthewestcoastwasamuchbetterplacetowork.AlsonearHollywoodyoucanfindmountainsandseaanddesert.Theydidnothavetotravelfartomakeanykindoffilm. WhenTVbecamepopularHollywoodstartedmakingfilmsfortelevision.Theninthe1970’stheydiscoveredpeoplestillwenttothecinematoseebigexpensivefilms.NowadaystheyarestillmakingfilmsinHollywoodandpeopleseethemallovertheworld.Whichstatement说法istrue
Hardlyhadthethiefseenthepolicemanthanheranaway.
Ithinkit’sthedriverratherthanthepassengerswho______fortheaccident.
Therestandstwofactoriesontheriver.
Eatingbetterandeatinglesscouldbethe______notonlytoavoidingcancerbutalsotolivinglonger.
A HowshouldoneinvestasumofmoneyinthesedaysofinflationLeftinabankitwillhardlykeepitsvaluehoweverhightheinterestrateis.OnlyabravemanoraveryrichonedarestobuyandsellontheStockMarket.Todayitseemsthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyoursavingsandevenincreaseyourwealthistobuybeautifulobjectsfromthepast.HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiqueclockswhichIpersonallyconsiderareamongthemostinterestingofantiques. Isometimeswonderwhatabeingfromanotherplanetmightreportbackaboutourwayoflife.TheplanetEarthisruledbyamysteriouscreaturethatsitsorstandsinaroomandmakesastrangetickingsound.Ithasafacewithtwelveblackmarksandtwohands.Mencandonothingwithoutitspermissionanditfastensitsyoungroundpeople’swristssothateverywheremengotheyarestillunderitscontrol.ThiscreatureistherealmasterofEarthandmenareitsslaves. Whetherornotweareslavesoftimetodaydependsonourcultureandpersonalitybutitisbelievedthatmanyyearsagokingskeptspecialslavestotellthetime.Certainmenwereverycleveratmeasuringthetimeofdayaccordingtothebeatingoftheirownhearts.Theyweremadetostandinafixedplaceandeveryhourorsowouldshoutthetime.Soitseemsthatthefirstclockswerehumanbeings. Howevermenquicklyfoundmoreconvenientandreliablewaysoftellingthetime.Theylearnedtousetheshadowscastbythesun.Theymarkedthehoursoncandlesusedsandinhour-glassesandinventedwater-clocks.Indeedanyseriousstudentofantiquesshouldspendasmuchtimeaspossiblevisitingpalacesstatelyhomesandmuseumstoseesomeofthefinestexamplesofclocksfromthepast. Antiqueclockscouldbeveryexpensivebutoneofthejoysofcollectingclocksisthatitisstillpossibletofindquitecheaponesforyourownhome.AfterallifyouaregoingtoberuledbythetimewhynotinvestinairantiqueclockandperhapsmakeafutureprofitTheunderlinedphrasestatelyhomesinParagraph4means______.
Anyonemayborrowbooksanditcostnothingtoborrowthem.
D Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey’realwayscominginforcriticism.Their!criticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround.It’siniquitoustheysaythatthisentirelyunproductiveindustryifwecancallitthatshouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoestoshowhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon’ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoodsAfterallit’stheconsumerwhopays.... Thepooroldconsumer!He’dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn’tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceoftheoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashingmachineitismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformancepriceetcfromanadvertisement. Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisementsbutthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenaretoo!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements.WouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaybylawswhilewaitingforatrainWouldyouliketoreadonlycloselyprintedcolumnsofnewsinyourdailypaperAcheerfulwittyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofthedailyrationofcalamities. Wemustnotforgeteitherthatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspaperscommercialradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaperorcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogramsisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice! Anotherthingwemustn’tforgetisthesmallads.whichareinvirtuallyeverynewspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendouslyusefulservicetheyperformforthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbeaccomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstanceyoucanfindajobbuyorsellahouseannounceabirthmarriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthehatchmatchanddispatchcolumnbutbyfarthemostfascinatingsectionisthepersonaloragonycolumn.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuchentertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It’sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!Thepassageis______.
Thoughitwasraininghardbutthechildrenpracticedfootballontheplayground.
______parentslovetheirchildren.
Don’tforgettheday______youwerereceivedintotheYouthLeague.
______Mr.Smithiswillingtogivemoneytobegger.
Thesegirlsdidn’tliketovisitChicagoandtheyhadtogo.
HetellsmethatheusedtolivinginParis.
C Withonlyabout1000pandasleftintheworldChinaisdesperatelytryingtoclonetheanimalandsavetheendangeredspecies.That’samovesimilartowhataTexasA&MUniversityresearcherhasbeenundertakingforthepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalledNoah’sArk. Dr.DuaneKraemeraprofessorinTexasA&M’sCollegeofVeterinaryMedicineandapioneerinembryo胚胎transferworkandrelatedproceduressayshesalutestheChineseeffortandIwishthemallthebestsuccesspossible.It’saworthwhileprojectcertainlynotaneasyoneandit’sverymuchlikewhatwe’reattemptinghereatTexasA&M--tosaveanimalsfromextinction. Noah’sArkisaimedatcollectingeggsembryossemen精子andDNAofendangeredanimalsandstoringtheminliquidnitrogen.IfcertainspeciesshouldbecomeextinctKraemersaystherewouldbeenoughofthebasicbuildingblockstoreintroducethespeciesinthefuture. Itisestimatedthatasmanyas2000speciesofmammalsbirdsandreptileswillbecomeextinctoverthenext100years.ThepandanativeonlytoChinaisindangerofbecomingextinctinthenext25years. ThisweekChinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryobyintroducingcellsfromadeadfemalepandaintotheeggcellsofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingtoimplanttheembryointoahostanimal. Theentireprocedurecouldtakefromthreetofiveyearstocomplete. ThenucleartransferofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasyandthelackofavailablepandaeggscouldbeamajorproblemKraemerbelieves.Theywillprobablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresultinonepregnancy.Ittakesalongtimeandit’sdifficultbutthiscouldbegroundbreakingscienceifitworks.TheyarecertainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisksoitisworththeeffortaddsKraemerwhoisoneoftheleadersoftheMissyplicityProjectatTexasA&Mthefirsteverattemptatcloningadog. Theyaretryingtodosomethingthat’sneverbeendoneandthisisverysimilartoourworkinNoah’sArk.We’rebothtryingtosaveanimalsthatfaceextinction.Icertainlyapplaudtheireffortandthere’salotwecanlearnfromwhattheyareattemptingtodo.It’saresearchthatisverymuchneeded.HowlongwilltheChinesepandacloningprojecttakeaccordingtothepassage
Sincehewasbusysohedidn’tcome.
D Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey’realwayscominginforcriticism.Their!criticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround.It’siniquitoustheysaythatthisentirelyunproductiveindustryifwecancallitthatshouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoestoshowhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon’ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoodsAfterallit’stheconsumerwhopays.... Thepooroldconsumer!He’dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn’tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceoftheoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashingmachineitismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformancepriceetcfromanadvertisement. Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisementsbutthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenaretoo!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements.WouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaybylawswhilewaitingforatrainWouldyouliketoreadonlycloselyprintedcolumnsofnewsinyourdailypaperAcheerfulwittyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofthedailyrationofcalamities. Wemustnotforgeteitherthatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspaperscommercialradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaperorcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogramsisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice! Anotherthingwemustn’tforgetisthesmallads.whichareinvirtuallyeverynewspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendouslyusefulservicetheyperformforthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbeaccomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstanceyoucanfindajobbuyorsellahouseannounceabirthmarriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthehatchmatchanddispatchcolumnbutbyfarthemostfascinatingsectionisthepersonaloragonycolumn.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuchentertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It’sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!Whydothecriticscriticizeadvertisers
Theteachertoldusthattheearthranaroundthesun.
B Ranch.ItwasnearLosAngelesinCalifornia.AfewyearslaterHollywoodwasoneofthefamousplacesintheworld.Atthebeginningofthe20thcenturytherewasabigfarmcalledHollywood.Fromthe1910’stothe1950’sHollywoodwasthefilmcenteroftheworld. Everyfamilyknewthenamesofitsfilmstars——CharlieChaplinGretaGarboBergmanandhundredsmore. ThereasonwhypeoplewenttoHollywoodtomakefilmswasthesun.AtfirstpeoplemadefilmsinNewYorkontheeastcoastoftheUnitedStates. ButthentheyheardaboutLosAngeleswherethereare350daysofthesuneveryyear.Astheymadeallthefilmsbysunlightthewestcoastwasamuchbetterplacetowork.AlsonearHollywoodyoucanfindmountainsandseaanddesert.Theydidnothavetotravelfartomakeanykindoffilm. WhenTVbecamepopularHollywoodstartedmakingfilmsfortelevision.Theninthe1970’stheydiscoveredpeoplestillwenttothecinematoseebigexpensivefilms.NowadaystheyarestillmakingfilmsinHollywoodandpeopleseethemallovertheworld.Whowasnotmentioned提到asafilmstarinthepassage______.
Don’tdoanymoreworknowyoulooksotiring.
A HowshouldoneinvestasumofmoneyinthesedaysofinflationLeftinabankitwillhardlykeepitsvaluehoweverhightheinterestrateis.OnlyabravemanoraveryrichonedarestobuyandsellontheStockMarket.Todayitseemsthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyoursavingsandevenincreaseyourwealthistobuybeautifulobjectsfromthepast.HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiqueclockswhichIpersonallyconsiderareamongthemostinterestingofantiques. Isometimeswonderwhatabeingfromanotherplanetmightreportbackaboutourwayoflife.TheplanetEarthisruledbyamysteriouscreaturethatsitsorstandsinaroomandmakesastrangetickingsound.Ithasafacewithtwelveblackmarksandtwohands.Mencandonothingwithoutitspermissionanditfastensitsyoungroundpeople’swristssothateverywheremengotheyarestillunderitscontrol.ThiscreatureistherealmasterofEarthandmenareitsslaves. Whetherornotweareslavesoftimetodaydependsonourcultureandpersonalitybutitisbelievedthatmanyyearsagokingskeptspecialslavestotellthetime.Certainmenwereverycleveratmeasuringthetimeofdayaccordingtothebeatingoftheirownhearts.Theyweremadetostandinafixedplaceandeveryhourorsowouldshoutthetime.Soitseemsthatthefirstclockswerehumanbeings. Howevermenquicklyfoundmoreconvenientandreliablewaysoftellingthetime.Theylearnedtousetheshadowscastbythesun.Theymarkedthehoursoncandlesusedsandinhour-glassesandinventedwater-clocks.Indeedanyseriousstudentofantiquesshouldspendasmuchtimeaspossiblevisitingpalacesstatelyhomesandmuseumstoseesomeofthefinestexamplesofclocksfromthepast. Antiqueclockscouldbeveryexpensivebutoneofthejoysofcollectingclocksisthatitisstillpossibletofindquitecheaponesforyourownhome.AfterallifyouaregoingtoberuledbythetimewhynotinvestinairantiqueclockandperhapsmakeafutureprofitByquoting引用theremarkofabeingfromanotherplanettheauthorintendsto______.
Theprisonerofwarwishedtobe______.Tenyearslaterhe______freeandre-gainedhis
C Withonlyabout1000pandasleftintheworldChinaisdesperatelytryingtoclonetheanimalandsavetheendangeredspecies.That’samovesimilartowhataTexasA&MUniversityresearcherhasbeenundertakingforthepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalledNoah’sArk. Dr.DuaneKraemeraprofessorinTexasA&M’sCollegeofVeterinaryMedicineandapioneerinembryo胚胎transferworkandrelatedproceduressayshesalutestheChineseeffortandIwishthemallthebestsuccesspossible.It’saworthwhileprojectcertainlynotaneasyoneandit’sverymuchlikewhatwe’reattemptinghereatTexasA&M--tosaveanimalsfromextinction. Noah’sArkisaimedatcollectingeggsembryossemen精子andDNAofendangeredanimalsandstoringtheminliquidnitrogen.IfcertainspeciesshouldbecomeextinctKraemersaystherewouldbeenoughofthebasicbuildingblockstoreintroducethespeciesinthefuture. Itisestimatedthatasmanyas2000speciesofmammalsbirdsandreptileswillbecomeextinctoverthenext100years.ThepandanativeonlytoChinaisindangerofbecomingextinctinthenext25years. ThisweekChinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryobyintroducingcellsfromadeadfemalepandaintotheeggcellsofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingtoimplanttheembryointoahostanimal. Theentireprocedurecouldtakefromthreetofiveyearstocomplete. ThenucleartransferofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasyandthelackofavailablepandaeggscouldbeamajorproblemKraemerbelieves.Theywillprobablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresultinonepregnancy.Ittakesalongtimeandit’sdifficultbutthiscouldbegroundbreakingscienceifitworks.TheyarecertainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisksoitisworththeeffortaddsKraemerwhoisoneoftheleadersoftheMissyplicityProjectatTexasA&Mthefirsteverattemptatcloningadog. Theyaretryingtodosomethingthat’sneverbeendoneandthisisverysimilartoourworkinNoah’sArk.We’rebothtryingtosaveanimalsthatfaceextinction.Icertainlyapplaudtheireffortandthere’salotwecanlearnfromwhattheyareattemptingtodo.It’saresearchthatisverymuchneeded.WhatcouldbethemajorproblemincloningpandasaccordingtoProfessorKraemer
D Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey’realwayscominginforcriticism.Their!criticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround.It’siniquitoustheysaythatthisentirelyunproductiveindustryifwecancallitthatshouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoestoshowhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon’ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoodsAfterallit’stheconsumerwhopays.... Thepooroldconsumer!He’dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn’tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceoftheoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashingmachineitismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformancepriceetcfromanadvertisement. Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisementsbutthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenaretoo!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements.WouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaybylawswhilewaitingforatrainWouldyouliketoreadonlycloselyprintedcolumnsofnewsinyourdailypaperAcheerfulwittyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofthedailyrationofcalamities. Wemustnotforgeteitherthatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspaperscommercialradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaperorcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogramsisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice! Anotherthingwemustn’tforgetisthesmallads.whichareinvirtuallyeverynewspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendouslyusefulservicetheyperformforthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbeaccomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstanceyoucanfindajobbuyorsellahouseannounceabirthmarriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthehatchmatchanddispatchcolumnbutbyfarthemostfascinatingsectionisthepersonaloragonycolumn.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuchentertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It’sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!Whatisthemainideaofthispassage
Sportsandgamesareveryusefultocharacter-training.
B Ranch.ItwasnearLosAngelesinCalifornia.AfewyearslaterHollywoodwasoneofthefamousplacesintheworld.Atthebeginningofthe20thcenturytherewasabigfarmcalledHollywood.Fromthe1910’stothe1950’sHollywoodwasthefilmcenteroftheworld. Everyfamilyknewthenamesofitsfilmstars——CharlieChaplinGretaGarboBergmanandhundredsmore. ThereasonwhypeoplewenttoHollywoodtomakefilmswasthesun.AtfirstpeoplemadefilmsinNewYorkontheeastcoastoftheUnitedStates. ButthentheyheardaboutLosAngeleswherethereare350daysofthesuneveryyear.Astheymadeallthefilmsbysunlightthewestcoastwasamuchbetterplacetowork.AlsonearHollywoodyoucanfindmountainsandseaanddesert.Theydidnothavetotravelfartomakeanykindoffilm. WhenTVbecamepopularHollywoodstartedmakingfilmsfortelevision.Theninthe1970’stheydiscoveredpeoplestillwenttothecinematoseebigexpensivefilms.NowadaystheyarestillmakingfilmsinHollywoodandpeopleseethemallovertheworld.Hollywoodusedtobea______.
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