首页
试卷库
试题库
当前位置：
X题卡
>
所有题目
>
题目详情
He his soccer everywhere，but he didn’t it．
查看本题答案
包含此试题的试卷
音乐教师招聘考试《单项选择》真题及答案
点击查看
你可能感兴趣的试题
LionelMessi_41__playerfromtheSouthAmericancountryo
根据短文内容判断正误正确的用T.表示错误的用F.表示MyfriendEricisaschoolboy
Asthesymbol41ArgentinasoccerLionelMessiisoneoftheg
EventuallyVardyfulfilledhisdreamofbecomingaprofess
where
which
who
what
Colinhasahappyfamily.Therearesixpeopleinhisfamily.
MrGreenhaslosthiscarhecan’tfindhiscar______.
some where
everywhere
anywhere
any where
LionelMessiaplayerfromtheSouthAmericancountryofArg
64.Hefeltabita______athisbrother’sfollowinghimever
LionelMessi___66___playerfromtheSouthAmericancount
短文填空从下面的方框中选择正确的单词并用其适当形式填空使短文意思完整通顺toobesameplayl
Hehaslosthispen.Heis_______iteverywherE.
looking after
looking out
look like
looking for
语法填空阅读下面短文按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的
Johnis66.Buthelooksyoung年青的.He1_______twochildren孩
LionelMessi61________playerfromtheSouthAmericancou
短文填空DavidfeltdownashewalkedhomealonE.Hecouldn’thel
短文填空用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空使短文完整通顺Mr.Hallis60buthe1lookyou
Steve______Sundaybestbecauseheusually______soccerw
likes；play
like；play
likes；plays
like；plays
LionelMessi41playerfromtheSouthAmericancountryArge
Ihaveapenfriend笔友.HisnameisTomSmith.He’s14yearsold
语法运用A.根据短文内容和括号内所给汉语意思写出空白处各单词的正确行使没空一词Thisismy1._
热门试题
更多
Fromchildhoodtooldagewealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst1theywerelikenewbornchildrenunabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedevelopedthepossibilitiesforhumankind’sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesus6aninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower7.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour8forlanguageisinbornbutthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually9afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical10timesforlanguagedevelopment. Current11oftheinnatenesstheoryaremixed;howeverevidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.12moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin13grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing14tothemwhileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe15oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed. 16someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnatelanguagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen17fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat18withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage19thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitativelearnedbehavior.20childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.
B Todaytherearepolicemeneverywherebutin1700Londonhadnopolicemenatall.Afewoldmenusedtoprotectthecitystreetsatnightandtheywerenotpaid. About300yearsagoLondonwasstartingtogetbiggerandmoreandmorepeoplebegantolivethere.Thecitywasverydirtyandmanypeoplewerepoor.Thereweresomanythieveswhostolemoneyinthestreetsthatpeoplestayedintheirhomesasmuchaspossible. In1750HenryFieldingstartedtopayagroupofpeopletostopthieves.TheywerelikepolicemenandwerecalledBowStreetRunnersbecausetheyworkednearBowStreet. Fiftyyearslatertherewere120BowStreetRunnersbutLondonhadbecomeverybigandneededmorepolicemen.Soin1829thefirstMetropolitanorLondonPoliceForcewasstartedwith3000officers.Mostofthemenworkedonfootbutafewrodehorses.Until1920allthepoliceinLondonweremen. Today.theLondonpolicearequitewellpaidandforthefewpoliceofficerswhostillridehorsesthepayisevenbetterthanfortheothers. Peopledidn’tleavetheirhousesbecause__________.
BScienceisadominantthemeinourculture.Sinceittouchesalmosteveryfacetofourlifeeducatedpeopleneedatleastsomeacquaintancewithitsstructureandoperation.Theyshouldalsohaveanunderstandingofthesubcultureinwhichscientistsliveandthekindsofpeopletheyare.Anunderstandingofgeneralcharacteristicsofscienceaswellasspecificscientificconceptsiseasiertoattainifoneknowssomethingaboutthethingsthatexciteandfrustratethescientist.Thisbookiswrittenfortheintelligentstudentorlaypersonwhoseacquaintancewithscienceissuperficial;forthepersonwhohasbeenpresentedwithscienceasamustystorehouseofdriedfacts;forthepersonwhoseesthechiefobjectiveofscienceastheproductionofgadgets;andforthepersonwhoviewsthescientistassomesortofmagician.Thebookcanbeusedtosupplementacourseinanysciencetoaccompanyanycoursethatattemptstogiveanunderstandingofthemodernworldor--independentofanycourse--simplytoprovideabetterunderstandingofscience.Wehopethisbookwillleadreaderstoabroaderperspectiveonscientificattitudesandamorerealisticviewofwhatscienceiswhoscientistsareandwhattheydo.Itwillgivethemanawarenessandunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenscienceandourcultureandanappreciationoftherolessciencemayplayinourculture.Inadditionreadersmaylearntoappreciatetherelationshipbetweenscientificviewsandsomeofthevaluesandphilosophiesthatarepervasiveinourculture.Wehavetriedtopresentinthisbookanaccurateandup-to-datepictureofthescientificcommunityandthepeoplewhopopulateit.Thatpopulationhasinrecentyearscometocomprisemoreandmorewomen.Thisincreasingroleofwomeninthescientificsubcultureisnotanuniqueincidentbutratherpartofthetrendevidentinallsegmentsofsocietyasmorewomenentertraditionallymale-dominatedfieldsandmakesignificantcontributions.Indiscussingthesechangesandcontributionshoweverwearefacedwithalanguagethatisimplicitlysexistonethatusesmalenounsorpronounsinreferringtounspecifiedindividuals.Tooffsetthisbuilt-inbiaswehaveadoptedthepolicyofusingpluralnounsandpronounswheneverpossibleandwhenabsolutelynecessaryalternatingheandshe.Thispolicyisfarfrombeingidealbutitisatleastanacknowledgmentoftheinadequacyofourlanguageintreatinghalfofthehumanraceequally.Wehavealsotriedtomakethebookentertainingaswellasinformative.Ourapproachisusuallyinformal.Wefeelasdomanyotherscientiststhatweshouldn’ttakeourselvestooseriously.Asthereadermayobserveweseescienceasadelightfulpastimeratherthanasagrimanddrearywaytoearnaliving. Weneedtoknowsomethingaboutthestructureandoperationofsciencebecause.
Fromchildhoodtooldagewealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst1theywerelikenewbornchildrenunabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedevelopedthepossibilitiesforhumankind’sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesus6aninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower7.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour8forlanguageisinbornbutthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually9afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical10timesforlanguagedevelopment. Current11oftheinnatenesstheoryaremixed;howeverevidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.12moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin13grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing14tothemwhileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe15oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed. 16someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnatelanguagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen17fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat18withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage19thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitativelearnedbehavior.20childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.
Fromchildhoodtooldagewealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst1theywerelikenewbornchildrenunabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedevelopedthepossibilitiesforhumankind’sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesus6aninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower7.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour8forlanguageisinbornbutthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually9afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical10timesforlanguagedevelopment. Current11oftheinnatenesstheoryaremixed;howeverevidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.12moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin13grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing14tothemwhileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe15oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed. 16someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnatelanguagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen17fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat18withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage19thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitativelearnedbehavior.20childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.
Fromchildhoodtooldagewealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst1theywerelikenewbornchildrenunabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedevelopedthepossibilitiesforhumankind’sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesus6aninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower7.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour8forlanguageisinbornbutthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually9afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical10timesforlanguagedevelopment. Current11oftheinnatenesstheoryaremixed;howeverevidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.12moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin13grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing14tothemwhileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe15oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed. 16someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnatelanguagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen17fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat18withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage19thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitativelearnedbehavior.20childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.
Fromchildhoodtooldagewealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst1theywerelikenewbornchildrenunabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedevelopedthepossibilitiesforhumankind’sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesus6aninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower7.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour8forlanguageisinbornbutthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually9afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical10timesforlanguagedevelopment. Current11oftheinnatenesstheoryaremixed;howeverevidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.12moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin13grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing14tothemwhileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe15oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed. 16someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnatelanguagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen17fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat18withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage19thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitativelearnedbehavior.20childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.
Fromchildhoodtooldagewealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst1theywerelikenewbornchildrenunabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedevelopedthepossibilitiesforhumankind’sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesus6aninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower7.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour8forlanguageisinbornbutthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually9afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical10timesforlanguagedevelopment. Current11oftheinnatenesstheoryaremixed;howeverevidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.12moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin13grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing14tothemwhileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe15oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed. 16someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnatelanguagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen17fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat18withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage19thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitativelearnedbehavior.20childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.
AfterIfinishedtheschoolthisyear1Ibeganto lookforwork.Nowseveralmonthlater2Istillhadn’tfoundthejobthatIwasinterested3.LastSundaymorningIreceivedaphonecallfromamancallinghimMr.Smith4. Hesaidtomeonthephone“Ihearyoudoverywellinyourstudies5.Imayprovideajobforyou.”Ientered hisofficewithabeatenheart6.HowIhopedthatI7willgothroughthejob-huntingtalktodayandhewould8takemeonasalabassistant.Buttomysurprised9whathesaiddisappointing.Heonlyneededamodel.10 第5空应
DEducatorsareseriouslyconcernedaboutthehighrateofdropoutsamongthedoctorofphilosophycandidatesandtheconsequentlossoftalenttoanationinneedofPhDs.Somehaveplacedthedropoutslossashighas50percent.Theextentofthelosswashoweverlargelyamatterofexpertguessing.Lastweekawell-roundedstudywaspublished.Itwasbasedon22000questionnairessenttoformergraduatestudentswhowereenrolledin24universitiesanditseemedtoshowmanypastfearstobegroundless.Thedropoutsratewasfoundtobe31percentandinmostcasesthedropoutswhilenotcompletingthePhDrequirementwentontoproductivework.Theyarenotonlydoingwellfinanciallybutaccordingtothereportarenotfarbelowtheincomelevelsofthosewhowentontocompletetheirdoctorates.DiscussingthestudylastweekDr.Tuckersaidtheprojectwasinitiated“becauseoftheconcernfrequentlyexpressedbygraduatefacultiesandadministratorsthatsomeoftheindividualswhodroppedoutofPhDprogramswerecapableofcompletingtherequirementforthedegree.AttritionatthePhDlevelisalsothoughttobeawasteofpreciousfacultytimeandadrainonuniversityresourcesalreadybeingusedtocapacity.SomepeopleexpressedtheopinionthattheshortageofhighlytrainedspecialistsandcollegeteacherscouldbereducedbypersuadingthedropoutstoreturntograduateschoolstocompletethePhD.”“Theresultsofourresearch”Dr.Tuckerconcluded“didnotsupporttheseopinions.”1.Lackofmotivationwastheprincipalreasonfordroppingout.2.Mostdropoutswentasfarintheirdoctoralprogramaswasconsistentwiththeirlevelsofabilityortheirspecialities.3.Mostdropoutsarenowengagedinworkconsistentwiththeireducationandmotivation.Nearly75percentofthedropoutssaidtherewasnoacademicreasonfortheirdecisionbutthosewhomentionedtheacademicreasoncitedfailuretopassthequalifyingexaminationuncompletedresearchandfailuretopasslanguageexams.Amongthesinglemostimportantpersonalreasonsidentifiedbydropoutsfornon-completionoftheirPhDprogramlackoffinanceswasmarkedby19percent.Asanindicationofhowwellthedropoutsweredoingachartshowed2%inhumanitieswerereceiving$20000andmoreannuallywhilenoneofthePhD’swiththatbackgroundreachedthisfigure.ThePhD’sshoneinthe$7500to$15000bracketwith78%atthatlevelagainst50%forthedropouts.ThismayalsobeanindicationofthefactthattopsalariesintheacademicfieldswherethePhD’stendtorisetothehighestsalariesarestilllaggingbehindotherfields.Astothepossibilityofgettingdropoutsbackoncampustheoutlookwasglum.Themainconditionwhichwouldhavetoprevailforatleast25%ofthedropoutswhomightconsiderreturningtothegraduateschoolwouldbetoguaranteethattheywouldretaintheirpresentlevelofincomeandinsomecasestheirpresentjob. Afterreadingthearticleonewouldrefrainfromconcludingthat
AThelawsaysthatwomenshouldhavethechanceofdoingthesamejobsasmenandearnthesameasthem.Therealityisverydifferent.Womenlosebecause25yearsaftertheEqualPayActmanyofthemstillgetpaidlessthanmen.Theylosebecausetheydolower-paidjobswhichmenjustwon’tconsider.Andtheylosebecausetheyaretheoneswhointerruptacareertohavechildren.AllthisisreportedinanindependentstudyorderedbytheGovernment’sWomen’sUnite.Thebiggestproblemisn’tequalpayinworkplacessuchasfactories.Itisasortofworkwomendo.Makealistofthelow-paidjobsthenconsiderwhodoesthem.Trynursessecretariescleanersclerksteachersinprimaryschoolsdinnerladiesandchildcarehelpers.NotalotofmenamongthatgrouparethereYetsomeofthosejobsarereallyimportant.Surelynoonewoulddenythataboutnursesandteachersforastart.SowhydowerewardthepeoplewhodothemsopoorlyTherecanbeonlyoneanswer--becausetheyarewomen.Thisisnotgoingtobeputrightovernight.ButtheGovernmentwhichemploysalotofthemandotherbosseshavetomakeastart.Itisdisgraceful可耻的thatwehavegoneintothe21stCenturybutstilltreatwomenassecond-classcitizens. Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewriter’sidea
A Thelawsaysthatwomenshouldhavethechanceofdoingthesamejobsasmenandearnthesameasthem. Therealityisverydifferent.Womenlosebecause25yearsaftertheEqualPayActmanyofthemstillgetpaidlessthanmen. Theylosebecausetheydolower-paidjobswhichmenjustwon’tconsider.Andtheylosebecausetheyaretheoneswhointerruptacareertohavechildren. AllthisisreportedinanindependentstudyorderedbytheGovernment’sWomen’sUnite. Thebiggestproblemisn’tequalpayinworkplacessuchasfactories.Itisasortofworkwomendo. Makealistofthelow-paidjobsthenconsiderwhodoesthem. Trynursessecretariescleanersclerksteachersinprimaryschoolsdinnerladiesandchildcarehelpers.Notalotofmenamongthatgrouparethere Yetsomeofthosejobsarereallyimportant.Surelynoonewoulddenythataboutnursesandteachersforastart. SowhydowerewardthepeoplewhodothemsopoorlyTherecanbeonlyoneanswer--becausetheyarewomen. Thisisnotgoingtobeputrightovernight.ButtheGovernmentwhichemploysalotofthemandotherbosseshavetomakeastart. Itisdisgraceful可耻的thatwehavegoneintothe21stCenturybutstilltreatwomenassecond-classcitizens. Whichdoyouthinkwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage
假设你是李伟请根据你校美化校园的规划用英语给你在美国的笔友Johnson写一封短信介绍该规划短信的主要内容如下 注意1．短信的开头和结尾已为你写好不计入总词数2．词数100左右3．参考词汇雕塑一statuen．植物园一botanicalgardenn．DearJohnsonIwouldliketotellyouthatourschoolhasworkedoutanewprogram.____________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________Welcometoourschoolifyouhaveanychance.YoursLiWei
CItlookedlikeatypicalbusinessmeeting.SixmenneatlydressedinwhiteshirtsandtiesfiledintotheboardroomofasmallJakartacompanyandsatdownatalongtable.ButinsteadofconsultingfilesorhearingreportstheyclosedtheireyesandbegantomeditateconsultingthespiritsofancientJavanesekings.MysticismtouchesalmosteveryaspectoflifeinIndonesiaandbusinessisnoexception.Oneofthemeditatorssaidhisweeklymeditationsessionsareaimedmainlyatbringingthepeaceofmindthatmakesforgooddecision-making.Buttheinsightgainedfrommysticcommunicationwithspiritsofwisekingshasalsohelpedboosttheprofitsofhisfivecompanies.Mysticismandprofitshavecometogethersincethe13thcenturyintroductionofIslamtoIndonesiabyIndianMoslemmerchants.Thosedevouttraderscalled“WaliUllah”or“thoseclosetoGod”energeticallyspreadbothtradeandreligionbyadaptingtheirappealstothenativemysticismofJava.LegendsattributethemagicpowersofforeknowledgetotheWaliUllah.Thesepowerswerebelievedtobegainedthroughmeditationandfasting.BusinessmanHadisikosaidhisgroupfastsandmeditatesallnighteveryThursdaytobecomeclosertoGodandtocontactthespiritsofthegreatmenofthepast.“Ifwewanttoemploysomeoneatthemanageriallevelwemeditatetogetherandoftenthemessagecomesthatthismancan’tholdontomoneyorheisuntrustworthy.Ormaybethespiritswilltellusheshouldbehired.”Hadisikohastenedtoaddthathiscompaniesalsoholdmodernpersonnelmanagementsystemsandthatformalqualificationsareessentialforacandidateeventobeconsidered.Perspectiveinvestmentsalsoareconsideredthroughmysticmeditation.“Withthemindrelaxedandopenitiseasiertobeobjectiveinjudgingtheriskofanewventure.Meditationandcontactwiththewisdomoftheoldleaderssharpensyourowninsightandintuition.Thenyouhavetoapplythatintuitiontotheinformationyouhaveandworkhardtobesuccessful.”Mysticmeditationhelpedreverseabusinessslidehiscompaniesexperiencedinthemid-1980.Operatingwithnormalbusinessprocedureshelostmorethan$3millionsinthatyearalone.Meditationbroughtbackhispeaceofmind.Puttingtherightpersonsintherightjobsandgainingconfidenceinhisbusinessdecisionswerethekeystoaturnaroundthathasbroughtexpansionandprofitability.ThemysticisminHadisiko’sboardroomispartofagrowingmovementinIndonesiacalledKebatinan--the“searchfortheinnerself.”OneofhismanagersYusufSoemadowhostudiedbusinessadministrationatHarvardUniversitycomparedtheideaofmysticmanagementtotheWesternsystemofpositivethinking.“Willpowerandsubconsciousmindarerecognizedasimportantfactorsinbusiness.Suchapproachesaspsycho-cyberneticsCarnegie’sthinkandgrowthratesorthepowerofpositivethinkingareWesternattemptstotapthesamehigherintelligencethatwecontactthroughmeditation”hesaid. Whatdoesoperatingwithnormalbusinessproceduresreferto
Fromchildhoodtooldagewealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst1theywerelikenewbornchildrenunabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedevelopedthepossibilitiesforhumankind’sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesus6aninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower7.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour8forlanguageisinbornbutthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually9afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical10timesforlanguagedevelopment. Current11oftheinnatenesstheoryaremixed;howeverevidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.12moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin13grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing14tothemwhileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe15oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed. 16someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnatelanguagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen17fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat18withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage19thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitativelearnedbehavior.20childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.
CItlookedlikeatypicalbusinessmeeting.SixmenneatlydressedinwhiteshirtsandtiesfiledintotheboardroomofasmallJakartacompanyandsatdownatalongtable.ButinsteadofconsultingfilesorhearingreportstheyclosedtheireyesandbegantomeditateconsultingthespiritsofancientJavanesekings.MysticismtouchesalmosteveryaspectoflifeinIndonesiaandbusinessisnoexception.Oneofthemeditatorssaidhisweeklymeditationsessionsareaimedmainlyatbringingthepeaceofmindthatmakesforgooddecision-making.Buttheinsightgainedfrommysticcommunicationwithspiritsofwisekingshasalsohelpedboosttheprofitsofhisfivecompanies.Mysticismandprofitshavecometogethersincethe13thcenturyintroductionofIslamtoIndonesiabyIndianMoslemmerchants.Thosedevouttraderscalled“WaliUllah”or“thoseclosetoGod”energeticallyspreadbothtradeandreligionbyadaptingtheirappealstothenativemysticismofJava.LegendsattributethemagicpowersofforeknowledgetotheWaliUllah.Thesepowerswerebelievedtobegainedthroughmeditationandfasting.BusinessmanHadisikosaidhisgroupfastsandmeditatesallnighteveryThursdaytobecomeclosertoGodandtocontactthespiritsofthegreatmenofthepast.“Ifwewanttoemploysomeoneatthemanageriallevelwemeditatetogetherandoftenthemessagecomesthatthismancan’tholdontomoneyorheisuntrustworthy.Ormaybethespiritswilltellusheshouldbehired.”Hadisikohastenedtoaddthathiscompaniesalsoholdmodernpersonnelmanagementsystemsandthatformalqualificationsareessentialforacandidateeventobeconsidered.Perspectiveinvestmentsalsoareconsideredthroughmysticmeditation.“Withthemindrelaxedandopenitiseasiertobeobjectiveinjudgingtheriskofanewventure.Meditationandcontactwiththewisdomoftheoldleaderssharpensyourowninsightandintuition.Thenyouhavetoapplythatintuitiontotheinformationyouhaveandworkhardtobesuccessful.”Mysticmeditationhelpedreverseabusinessslidehiscompaniesexperiencedinthemid-1980.Operatingwithnormalbusinessprocedureshelostmorethan$3millionsinthatyearalone.Meditationbroughtbackhispeaceofmind.Puttingtherightpersonsintherightjobsandgainingconfidenceinhisbusinessdecisionswerethekeystoaturnaroundthathasbroughtexpansionandprofitability.ThemysticisminHadisiko’sboardroomispartofagrowingmovementinIndonesiacalledKebatinan--the“searchfortheinnerself.”OneofhismanagersYusufSoemadowhostudiedbusinessadministrationatHarvardUniversitycomparedtheideaofmysticmanagementtotheWesternsystemofpositivethinking.“Willpowerandsubconsciousmindarerecognizedasimportantfactorsinbusiness.Suchapproachesaspsycho-cyberneticsCarnegie’sthinkandgrowthratesorthepowerofpositivethinkingareWesternattemptstotapthesamehigherintelligencethatwecontactthroughmeditation”hesaid. WhatisthemostimportantfactorinIndonesians’doingbusiness
Fromchildhoodtooldagewealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst1theywerelikenewbornchildrenunabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedevelopedthepossibilitiesforhumankind’sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesus6aninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower7.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour8forlanguageisinbornbutthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually9afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical10timesforlanguagedevelopment. Current11oftheinnatenesstheoryaremixed;howeverevidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.12moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin13grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing14tothemwhileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe15oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed. 16someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnatelanguagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen17fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat18withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage19thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitativelearnedbehavior.20childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.
Fromchildhoodtooldagewealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst1theywerelikenewbornchildrenunabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedevelopedthepossibilitiesforhumankind’sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesus6aninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower7.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour8forlanguageisinbornbutthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually9afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical10timesforlanguagedevelopment. Current11oftheinnatenesstheoryaremixed;howeverevidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.12moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin13grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing14tothemwhileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe15oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed. 16someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnatelanguagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen17fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat18withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage19thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitativelearnedbehavior.20childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.
B Todaytherearepolicemeneverywherebutin1700Londonhadnopolicemenatall.Afewoldmenusedtoprotectthecitystreetsatnightandtheywerenotpaid. About300yearsagoLondonwasstartingtogetbiggerandmoreandmorepeoplebegantolivethere.Thecitywasverydirtyandmanypeoplewerepoor.Thereweresomanythieveswhostolemoneyinthestreetsthatpeoplestayedintheirhomesasmuchaspossible. In1750HenryFieldingstartedtopayagroupofpeopletostopthieves.TheywerelikepolicemenandwerecalledBowStreetRunnersbecausetheyworkednearBowStreet. Fiftyyearslatertherewere120BowStreetRunnersbutLondonhadbecomeverybigandneededmorepolicemen.Soin1829thefirstMetropolitanorLondonPoliceForcewasstartedwith3000officers.Mostofthemenworkedonfootbutafewrodehorses.Until1920allthepoliceinLondonweremen. Today.theLondonpolicearequitewellpaidandforthefewpoliceofficerswhostillridehorsesthepayisevenbetterthanfortheothers. In1700themenwhoprotectedthestreetswerepaid__________.
AfterIfinishedtheschoolthisyear1Ibeganto lookforwork.Nowseveralmonthlater2Istillhadn’tfoundthejobthatIwasinterested3.LastSundaymorningIreceivedaphonecallfromamancallinghimMr.Smith4. Hesaidtomeonthephone“Ihearyoudoverywellinyourstudies5.Imayprovideajobforyou.”Ientered hisofficewithabeatenheart6.HowIhopedthatI7willgothroughthejob-huntingtalktodayandhewould8takemeonasalabassistant.Buttomysurprised9whathesaiddisappointing.Heonlyneededamodel.10 第3空应
AfterIfinishedtheschoolthisyear1Ibeganto lookforwork.Nowseveralmonthlater2Istillhadn’tfoundthejobthatIwasinterested3.LastSundaymorningIreceivedaphonecallfromamancallinghimMr.Smith4. Hesaidtomeonthephone“Ihearyoudoverywellinyourstudies5.Imayprovideajobforyou.”Ientered hisofficewithabeatenheart6.HowIhopedthatI7willgothroughthejob-huntingtalktodayandhewould8takemeonasalabassistant.Buttomysurprised9whathesaiddisappointing.Heonlyneededamodel.10 第1空应
BScienceisadominantthemeinourculture.Sinceittouchesalmosteveryfacetofourlifeeducatedpeopleneedatleastsomeacquaintancewithitsstructureandoperation.Theyshouldalsohaveanunderstandingofthesubcultureinwhichscientistsliveandthekindsofpeopletheyare.Anunderstandingofgeneralcharacteristicsofscienceaswellasspecificscientificconceptsiseasiertoattainifoneknowssomethingaboutthethingsthatexciteandfrustratethescientist.Thisbookiswrittenfortheintelligentstudentorlaypersonwhoseacquaintancewithscienceissuperficial;forthepersonwhohasbeenpresentedwithscienceasamustystorehouseofdriedfacts;forthepersonwhoseesthechiefobjectiveofscienceastheproductionofgadgets;andforthepersonwhoviewsthescientistassomesortofmagician.Thebookcanbeusedtosupplementacourseinanysciencetoaccompanyanycoursethatattemptstogiveanunderstandingofthemodernworldor--independentofanycourse--simplytoprovideabetterunderstandingofscience.Wehopethisbookwillleadreaderstoabroaderperspectiveonscientificattitudesandamorerealisticviewofwhatscienceiswhoscientistsareandwhattheydo.Itwillgivethemanawarenessandunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenscienceandourcultureandanappreciationoftherolessciencemayplayinourculture.Inadditionreadersmaylearntoappreciatetherelationshipbetweenscientificviewsandsomeofthevaluesandphilosophiesthatarepervasiveinourculture.Wehavetriedtopresentinthisbookanaccurateandup-to-datepictureofthescientificcommunityandthepeoplewhopopulateit.Thatpopulationhasinrecentyearscometocomprisemoreandmorewomen.Thisincreasingroleofwomeninthescientificsubcultureisnotanuniqueincidentbutratherpartofthetrendevidentinallsegmentsofsocietyasmorewomenentertraditionallymale-dominatedfieldsandmakesignificantcontributions.Indiscussingthesechangesandcontributionshoweverwearefacedwithalanguagethatisimplicitlysexistonethatusesmalenounsorpronounsinreferringtounspecifiedindividuals.Tooffsetthisbuilt-inbiaswehaveadoptedthepolicyofusingpluralnounsandpronounswheneverpossibleandwhenabsolutelynecessaryalternatingheandshe.Thispolicyisfarfrombeingidealbutitisatleastanacknowledgmentoftheinadequacyofourlanguageintreatinghalfofthehumanraceequally.Wehavealsotriedtomakethebookentertainingaswellasinformative.Ourapproachisusuallyinformal.Wefeelasdomanyotherscientiststhatweshouldn’ttakeourselvestooseriously.Asthereadermayobserveweseescienceasadelightfulpastimeratherthanasagrimanddrearywaytoearnaliving. Accordingtothispassage.
A Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvelousage.Weareimmunizedfrombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerousdiseases.Alargenumberofoncefatalillnessescannowbecuredbymoderndrugsandsurgery.ItisalmostcertainthatonedayremedieswillbefoundforthemoststubbornremainingdiseasesTheexpectationoflifehasincreasedenormously.Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbeforeeverydaywewitnesstheincredibleslaughterofmenwomenandchildrenontheroads.Manversusthemotorear!Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosingThousandsofpeopleovertheworldarekilledorhorriblykilledeachyearandwearequietlysittingbackandlettingithappen. Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheelhiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotorcaroftenbringsoutaman’sveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebe-hindasteering-wheel.Theysweartheyareill-manneredandaggressivewillfulastwo-year-olds andutterlyselfish.Alltheirhiddenfrustrationsdisappointmentsandjealousiesseemtobebroughttothesurfacebytheactofdriving. Thesurprisingthingisthatsocietysmilessobenignlyonthemotoristandseemstocondonehisbehaviour.Everythingisdoneforhisconvenience.Citiesareallowedtobecomealmostuninhabitablebecauseofheavytraffic;townsaremadeuglybyhugecarparks;thecountrysideisdesecratedbyroadnetworks;andthemassannualslaughterbecomesnothingmorethanastatistictobeconvenientlyforgotten. Itishightimeaworldcodewerecreatedtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.Withregardtodrivingthelawsofsomecountriesarenotoriouslylaxandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.Acodewhichwasuniversallyacceptedcouldonlyhaveadramaticallybeneficialeffectontheaccidentrate.Hereareafewexamplesofsomeofthethingsthatmightbedone.Thedrivingtestshouldbestandardizedandmadefarmoredifficultthanitis;allthedriversshouldbemadetotakeatesteverythreeyearsorso;theageatwhichyoungpeopleareallowedtodriveanyvehicleshouldberaisedtoatleast21;allvehiclesshouldbeputthroughstringentannualtestsforsafety.Eventhesmallestamountofalcoholinthebloodcanimpairaperson’sdrivingability.Presentdrinkinganddrivinglawswheretheyexistshouldbemadmuchstricter.Maximumandminimumspeedlimitsshouldbeimposedonallroads.GovernmentsshouldlaydownsafetyspecificationsformanufacturersashasbeendoneintheUSA.Alladvertisingstressingpowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.Thesemeasuresmaysoundinordinatelyharsh.Butsurelynothingshouldbeconsideredassevereifitresultsinreducingtheannualtollofhumanlife.Afteralltheworldisforhumanbeingsnotmotorcars. WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasawayagainsttrafficaccidents
CItlookedlikeatypicalbusinessmeeting.SixmenneatlydressedinwhiteshirtsandtiesfiledintotheboardroomofasmallJakartacompanyandsatdownatalongtable.ButinsteadofconsultingfilesorhearingreportstheyclosedtheireyesandbegantomeditateconsultingthespiritsofancientJavanesekings.MysticismtouchesalmosteveryaspectoflifeinIndonesiaandbusinessisnoexception.Oneofthemeditatorssaidhisweeklymeditationsessionsareaimedmainlyatbringingthepeaceofmindthatmakesforgooddecision-making.Buttheinsightgainedfrommysticcommunicationwithspiritsofwisekingshasalsohelpedboosttheprofitsofhisfivecompanies.Mysticismandprofitshavecometogethersincethe13thcenturyintroductionofIslamtoIndonesiabyIndianMoslemmerchants.Thosedevouttraderscalled“WaliUllah”or“thoseclosetoGod”energeticallyspreadbothtradeandreligionbyadaptingtheirappealstothenativemysticismofJava.LegendsattributethemagicpowersofforeknowledgetotheWaliUllah.Thesepowerswerebelievedtobegainedthroughmeditationandfasting.BusinessmanHadisikosaidhisgroupfastsandmeditatesallnighteveryThursdaytobecomeclosertoGodandtocontactthespiritsofthegreatmenofthepast.“Ifwewanttoemploysomeoneatthemanageriallevelwemeditatetogetherandoftenthemessagecomesthatthismancan’tholdontomoneyorheisuntrustworthy.Ormaybethespiritswilltellusheshouldbehired.”Hadisikohastenedtoaddthathiscompaniesalsoholdmodernpersonnelmanagementsystemsandthatformalqualificationsareessentialforacandidateeventobeconsidered.Perspectiveinvestmentsalsoareconsideredthroughmysticmeditation.“Withthemindrelaxedandopenitiseasiertobeobjectiveinjudgingtheriskofanewventure.Meditationandcontactwiththewisdomoftheoldleaderssharpensyourowninsightandintuition.Thenyouhavetoapplythatintuitiontotheinformationyouhaveandworkhardtobesuccessful.”Mysticmeditationhelpedreverseabusinessslidehiscompaniesexperiencedinthemid-1980.Operatingwithnormalbusinessprocedureshelostmorethan$3millionsinthatyearalone.Meditationbroughtbackhispeaceofmind.Puttingtherightpersonsintherightjobsandgainingconfidenceinhisbusinessdecisionswerethekeystoaturnaroundthathasbroughtexpansionandprofitability.ThemysticisminHadisiko’sboardroomispartofagrowingmovementinIndonesiacalledKebatinan--the“searchfortheinnerself.”OneofhismanagersYusufSoemadowhostudiedbusinessadministrationatHarvardUniversitycomparedtheideaofmysticmanagementtotheWesternsystemofpositivethinking.“Willpowerandsubconsciousmindarerecognizedasimportantfactorsinbusiness.Suchapproachesaspsycho-cyberneticsCarnegie’sthinkandgrowthratesorthepowerofpositivethinkingareWesternattemptstotapthesamehigherintelligencethatwecontactthroughmeditation”hesaid. WhydidHadisikohastentoaddhiscompanies.alsoholdmodernpersonnelmanagementsystems
DEducatorsareseriouslyconcernedaboutthehighrateofdropoutsamongthedoctorofphilosophycandidatesandtheconsequentlossoftalenttoanationinneedofPhDs.Somehaveplacedthedropoutslossashighas50percent.Theextentofthelosswashoweverlargelyamatterofexpertguessing.Lastweekawell-roundedstudywaspublished.Itwasbasedon22000questionnairessenttoformergraduatestudentswhowereenrolledin24universitiesanditseemedtoshowmanypastfearstobegroundless.Thedropoutsratewasfoundtobe31percentandinmostcasesthedropoutswhilenotcompletingthePhDrequirementwentontoproductivework.Theyarenotonlydoingwellfinanciallybutaccordingtothereportarenotfarbelowtheincomelevelsofthosewhowentontocompletetheirdoctorates.DiscussingthestudylastweekDr.Tuckersaidtheprojectwasinitiated“becauseoftheconcernfrequentlyexpressedbygraduatefacultiesandadministratorsthatsomeoftheindividualswhodroppedoutofPhDprogramswerecapableofcompletingtherequirementforthedegree.AttritionatthePhDlevelisalsothoughttobeawasteofpreciousfacultytimeandadrainonuniversityresourcesalreadybeingusedtocapacity.SomepeopleexpressedtheopinionthattheshortageofhighlytrainedspecialistsandcollegeteacherscouldbereducedbypersuadingthedropoutstoreturntograduateschoolstocompletethePhD.”“Theresultsofourresearch”Dr.Tuckerconcluded“didnotsupporttheseopinions.”1.Lackofmotivationwastheprincipalreasonfordroppingout.2.Mostdropoutswentasfarintheirdoctoralprogramaswasconsistentwiththeirlevelsofabilityortheirspecialities.3.Mostdropoutsarenowengagedinworkconsistentwiththeireducationandmotivation.Nearly75percentofthedropoutssaidtherewasnoacademicreasonfortheirdecisionbutthosewhomentionedtheacademicreasoncitedfailuretopassthequalifyingexaminationuncompletedresearchandfailuretopasslanguageexams.Amongthesinglemostimportantpersonalreasonsidentifiedbydropoutsfornon-completionoftheirPhDprogramlackoffinanceswasmarkedby19percent.Asanindicationofhowwellthedropoutsweredoingachartshowed2%inhumanitieswerereceiving$20000andmoreannuallywhilenoneofthePhD’swiththatbackgroundreachedthisfigure.ThePhD’sshoneinthe$7500to$15000bracketwith78%atthatlevelagainst50%forthedropouts.ThismayalsobeanindicationofthefactthattopsalariesintheacademicfieldswherethePhD’stendtorisetothehighestsalariesarestilllaggingbehindotherfields.Astothepossibilityofgettingdropoutsbackoncampustheoutlookwasglum.Themainconditionwhichwouldhavetoprevailforatleast25%ofthedropoutswhomightconsiderreturningtothegraduateschoolwouldbetoguaranteethattheywouldretaintheirpresentlevelofincomeandinsomecasestheirpresentjob. Researchhasshownthat
A Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvelousage.Weareimmunizedfrombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerousdiseases.Alargenumberofoncefatalillnessescannowbecuredbymoderndrugsandsurgery.ItisalmostcertainthatonedayremedieswillbefoundforthemoststubbornremainingdiseasesTheexpectationoflifehasincreasedenormously.Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbeforeeverydaywewitnesstheincredibleslaughterofmenwomenandchildrenontheroads.Manversusthemotorear!Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosingThousandsofpeopleovertheworldarekilledorhorriblykilledeachyearandwearequietlysittingbackandlettingithappen. Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheelhiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotorcaroftenbringsoutaman’sveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebe-hindasteering-wheel.Theysweartheyareill-manneredandaggressivewillfulastwo-year-olds andutterlyselfish.Alltheirhiddenfrustrationsdisappointmentsandjealousiesseemtobebroughttothesurfacebytheactofdriving. Thesurprisingthingisthatsocietysmilessobenignlyonthemotoristandseemstocondonehisbehaviour.Everythingisdoneforhisconvenience.Citiesareallowedtobecomealmostuninhabitablebecauseofheavytraffic;townsaremadeuglybyhugecarparks;thecountrysideisdesecratedbyroadnetworks;andthemassannualslaughterbecomesnothingmorethanastatistictobeconvenientlyforgotten. Itishightimeaworldcodewerecreatedtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.Withregardtodrivingthelawsofsomecountriesarenotoriouslylaxandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.Acodewhichwasuniversallyacceptedcouldonlyhaveadramaticallybeneficialeffectontheaccidentrate.Hereareafewexamplesofsomeofthethingsthatmightbedone.Thedrivingtestshouldbestandardizedandmadefarmoredifficultthanitis;allthedriversshouldbemadetotakeatesteverythreeyearsorso;theageatwhichyoungpeopleareallowedtodriveanyvehicleshouldberaisedtoatleast21;allvehiclesshouldbeputthroughstringentannualtestsforsafety.Eventhesmallestamountofalcoholinthebloodcanimpairaperson’sdrivingability.Presentdrinkinganddrivinglawswheretheyexistshouldbemadmuchstricter.Maximumandminimumspeedlimitsshouldbeimposedonallroads.GovernmentsshouldlaydownsafetyspecificationsformanufacturersashasbeendoneintheUSA.Alladvertisingstressingpowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.Thesemeasuresmaysoundinordinatelyharsh.Butsurelynothingshouldbeconsideredassevereifitresultsinreducingtheannualtollofhumanlife.Afteralltheworldisforhumanbeingsnotmotorcars. Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsocietytowardmotorists
B Todaytherearepolicemeneverywherebutin1700Londonhadnopolicemenatall.Afewoldmenusedtoprotectthecitystreetsatnightandtheywerenotpaid. About300yearsagoLondonwasstartingtogetbiggerandmoreandmorepeoplebegantolivethere.Thecitywasverydirtyandmanypeoplewerepoor.Thereweresomanythieveswhostolemoneyinthestreetsthatpeoplestayedintheirhomesasmuchaspossible. In1750HenryFieldingstartedtopayagroupofpeopletostopthieves.TheywerelikepolicemenandwerecalledBowStreetRunnersbecausetheyworkednearBowStreet. Fiftyyearslatertherewere120BowStreetRunnersbutLondonhadbecomeverybigandneededmorepolicemen.Soin1829thefirstMetropolitanorLondonPoliceForcewasstartedwith3000officers.Mostofthemenworkedonfootbutafewrodehorses.Until1920allthepoliceinLondonweremen. Today.theLondonpolicearequitewellpaidandforthefewpoliceofficerswhostillridehorsesthepayisevenbetterthanfortheothers. TodayLondonpoliceofficerswhoridehorsesarepaid__________.
AfterIfinishedtheschoolthisyear1Ibeganto lookforwork.Nowseveralmonthlater2Istillhadn’tfoundthejobthatIwasinterested3.LastSundaymorningIreceivedaphonecallfromamancallinghimMr.Smith4. Hesaidtomeonthephone“Ihearyoudoverywellinyourstudies5.Imayprovideajobforyou.”Ientered hisofficewithabeatenheart6.HowIhopedthatI7willgothroughthejob-huntingtalktodayandhewould8takemeonasalabassistant.Buttomysurprised9whathesaiddisappointing.Heonlyneededamodel.10 第9空应
AfterIfinishedtheschoolthisyear1Ibeganto lookforwork.Nowseveralmonthlater2Istillhadn’tfoundthejobthatIwasinterested3.LastSundaymorningIreceivedaphonecallfromamancallinghimMr.Smith4. Hesaidtomeonthephone“Ihearyoudoverywellinyourstudies5.Imayprovideajobforyou.”Ientered hisofficewithabeatenheart6.HowIhopedthatI7willgothroughthejob-huntingtalktodayandhewould8takemeonasalabassistant.Buttomysurprised9whathesaiddisappointing.Heonlyneededamodel.10 第7空应
Fromchildhoodtooldagewealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst1theywerelikenewbornchildrenunabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedevelopedthepossibilitiesforhumankind’sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesus6aninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower7.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour8forlanguageisinbornbutthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually9afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical10timesforlanguagedevelopment. Current11oftheinnatenesstheoryaremixed;howeverevidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.12moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin13grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing14tothemwhileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe15oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed. 16someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnatelanguagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen17fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat18withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage19thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitativelearnedbehavior.20childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.
热门题库
更多
信息技术教师招聘考试
音乐教师招聘考试
邮政银行招聘考试
邮政营业员考试
邮政小额贷款信贷员考试
邮政通信信息业务员考试
集邮业务员考试
快递业务员考试
邮政储汇业务员考试
邮政代理金融业务网点考试
邮件分拣员考试
机要业务员考试
邮件转运员考试
邮政业务档案员
邮政投递员考试
商业银行招聘考试
湘公网安备 43130202000226号