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A. before the cancer cells spread elsewhere ? ?B. the more chances of dying of X-ray radiation he wi...
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DoyouwakeupeverydayfeelingtootiredorevenupsetIfsothenanewalarmclockcouldbejustforyou. TheclockcalledSleepSmartmeasuresyoursleepcycleandwaitsforyoutobeinyourlightestphaseofsleep51rousingyou.Itsmakerssaythatshould52youwakeupfeelingrefreshedeverymorning. Asyousleepyoupass53asequenceofsleepstates-lightsleepdeepsleepandREMrapideyemovementsleep-that54approximatelyevery90minutes.Thepointinthatcycleatwhichyouwakecan55howyoufeellaterandmayevenhaveagreaterimpactthanhowmuchorlittleyouhaveslept.Beingrousedduringalightphasemeansyouaremorelikelytowakeupenergetic. SleepSmart56thedistinctpatternofbrainwaves57duringeachphaseofsleepviaaheadbandequipped58electrodes电极andamicroprocessor.Thismeasurestheelectricalactivityofthewearer’sbraininmuchthe59wayassomemachinesusedformedicalandresearch60andcommunicateswirelesslywithaclockunitnearthebed.You61theclockwiththelatesttimeat62youwanttobewakenedanditthenduly适时地wakesyouduringthesleepphasebeforethat. The63wasinventedbyagroupofstudentsatBrownUniversityinRhodeIsland64afriendcomplainedofwakinguptiredandperformingpoorlyonatest."Assleep-deprivedpeopleourselveswestartedthinkingof65todoaboutit"saysEricShashouaarecentcollegegraduateandnowchiefexecutiveofficerofAxonSleepResearchLaboratoriesacompanycreatedbythestudentstodeveloptheiridea. 65
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Food TheU.S.foodsupplyisthemostvariedandabundantintheworld.Americansspendasmallershareoftheirdisposableincomeonfoodthancitizensofanyothercountryandchoosefromanaverageof50000differentfoodproductsonatypicaloutingtothesupermarket.In1994thefowlsupplyprovidedanestimated3800caloriesperpersonperdayenoughtosupplyeveryAmericanwithmorethanoneandahalftimestheiraveragedailyenergyneeds.GiventhisabundancefewoftheNationsresourceshavetraditionallybeendevotedtomeasuringorreducingfoodwaste. Inrecentyearsgrowingconcernabouthungerresourceconservationandtheenvironmentalandeconomiccostsassociatedwithfoodwastehaveraisedpublicawarenessoffoodloss.Thisinturnhasacceleratedpublicandprivateeffortstomakebetteruseofavailablefoodsuppliesbyrecoveringsafeandnutritiousfoodthatwouldotherwisebewasted. Ofcoursenotallfoodthatislostissuitableforconsumption.Somelosseslikethecondemnationofdiseasedanimalsattheslaughteringhouse屠宰场orthediscardofrottenfruitfromtheproduceshelfatthesupermarketarenecessarytoensurethesafetyandhealthoftheU.S.foodsupply.Suchfoodsarenotrecoverableforhumanuse. Likewiseplatefragmentsareappropriatelydiscardedateatingestablishmentsoutofhealthconsiderations.Inadditionnotallfoodthatislostiseconomicallyrecoverable.Foodrecoveryeffortsareoftenlimitedbyfinancialrestraintsthatmakeitdifficulttomatchrecoveredfoodwithpotentialrecipients. Neverthelesslargequantitiesofhealthyediblefoodarelostateverystageofthemarketingsystem.Exampleofsuchlossesincludemeatsbreadandotherfoodspreparedbyarestaurantorhotelbutneverservedandthediscardofdefectedorover-ripe.producewhichmaybedifficulttoselloutforsomereasonsbutareotherwisenutritiousandsafe. TheprobleminAmericathattheauthoristalkingaboutinthispassageislargeamountsoffoodarelostinAmerican.
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HighStressMayDamageMemoryAccordingtoareportissuedinMay1998elderlypeoplewhohaveconsistentlyhighbloodlevelsofcortisoldon’tscoreaswellonmemorytestsastheirpeerswithlowerlevelsofthestresshormone.What’smorehighlevelsofcortisolarealsoassociatedwithshrinkingofthehippocampusaregionofthebrainthatplaysakeyroleinlearningandmemory.ThefindingssuggestthatevencortisollevelsinthenormalhealthyrangecanactuallyacceIeratebrainaging.Thestudyresultsnowprovidesubstantialevidencethatlong-termexposuretoadrenalstresshormonesmaypromotehippocampalaginginnormalelderlyhumanswriteNadaPorterandPhilipLandfieldoftheUniversityofKentuckyinLexingtonintheireditorial.Cortisolisahormonereleasedinresponsetostressbytheadrenalglandswhichsitontopofthekidneys.Overa5to6-yearperiod.Dr.SoniaLupienandhiscolleaguesmeasured24-hourcortisollevelsin51healthyvolunteersmostofwhomwereintheir70s.Despitewidevariationincortisollevelstheparticipantscouldbedividedintothreesubgroups:thosewhosecortisolprogressivelyincreasedovertimeandwascurrentlyhighincreasing/high;thosewhosecortisolprogressivelyincreasedovertimeandwascurrentlymoderateincreasing/moderate;andsubjectswhosecortisoldecreasedbutwascurrentlymoderatedecreasing/moderate.Theresearcherstestedthevolunteers’memoryonsixpeopleintheincreasing/highcategoryandfivepeopleinthedecreasing/moderategroup.Thegroupsdidnotdifferontestsofimmediatememorybuttheincreasing/highcortisolgrouphadothermemoryproblemscomparedwiththoseinthedecreasing/moderategroup.Theresearchersalsofoundthatthetotalvolumeofthehippocampusinthoseintheincreasing/highgroupwas14%lowerthanthoseinthedecreasing/moderategroupalthoughtherewerenodifferencesinotherbrainregions.Theresultssuggestthat...brainagingcanbeacceleratedbylevelsofadrenalhormonesthatarenotgenerallyregardedaspathologicalandthatvariationwithinthisnormalrangeisrelatedtovariationintherateofbrainagingwritePorterandLandfield.Thisfurthersuggeststhatchronicstressmayacceleratetheworseningofhippocampus./Thepartofthebrainimportantforaperson’slearningandmemoryis______
ThepopulationofSeattleisaconglomerateofpeoplefromdifferentethnicandculturalbackgrounds.
DoyouwakeupeverydayfeelingtootiredorevenupsetIfsothenanewalarmclockcouldbejustforyou. TheclockcalledSleepSmartmeasuresyoursleepcycleandwaitsforyoutobeinyourlightestphaseofsleep51rousingyou.Itsmakerssaythatshould52youwakeupfeelingrefreshedeverymorning. Asyousleepyoupass53asequenceofsleepstates-lightsleepdeepsleepandREMrapideyemovementsleep-that54approximatelyevery90minutes.Thepointinthatcycleatwhichyouwakecan55howyoufeellaterandmayevenhaveagreaterimpactthanhowmuchorlittleyouhaveslept.Beingrousedduringalightphasemeansyouaremorelikelytowakeupenergetic. SleepSmart56thedistinctpatternofbrainwaves57duringeachphaseofsleepviaaheadbandequipped58electrodes电极andamicroprocessor.Thismeasurestheelectricalactivityofthewearer’sbraininmuchthe59wayassomemachinesusedformedicalandresearch60andcommunicateswirelesslywithaclockunitnearthebed.You61theclockwiththelatesttimeat62youwanttobewakenedanditthenduly适时地wakesyouduringthesleepphasebeforethat. The63wasinventedbyagroupofstudentsatBrownUniversityinRhodeIsland64afriendcomplainedofwakinguptiredandperformingpoorlyonatest."Assleep-deprivedpeopleourselveswestartedthinkingof65todoaboutit"saysEricShashouaarecentcollegegraduateandnowchiefexecutiveofficerofAxonSleepResearchLaboratoriesacompanycreatedbythestudentstodeveloptheiridea. 51
{{*HTML*}}A.ifwecandriveyieldup??B.whenMexicoChinaandIndiajoinintheproject??C.ifwewanttofightagainstmalnutritionandpoverty??D.whenweusemoderntechnologiesanddevelopnewones??E.whenthedevelopedworldhelpthedevelopingworld??F.whenstrategicresearchcanbeutilizedworldwideTheglobaldecreaseininvestmentshouldhechanged______.
{{*HTML*}}Pain??Allofushavefeltpain.Wehavecutourselves.Wehavebeenburned.Orwehavehadheadaches.Someofussufferpainrarelypainrarely.?46???Paincantakecompletecontrolofourbodyandmindmakingitimpossibletomoveandeventothink.Yetweneedpain.Withoutitwewouldnotknowifwehavehurtourselves.Itisourbody’swarningsystem.?47???Painisthemostcommonreasonwegotoadoctor.Itisthemostcommonreasonwetakemedicines.Untilrecentlyhowevermostdoctorsknewofonlyafewdrugsthatstoppedsomepains.?48?Butnewknowledgeabouttheprocessofpainishelpingthemtocontrolpainbetter.??Scientistshavelearnedthatthesenseofpainismadeupofbothchemicalandelectricalsignals.?49?Scientistsalsohavelearnedthatthenervoussystemsendstwodifferentkindsofpainmessagestothebrain:oneveryfasttheotherslow.??Thefirstmessageisthewarningsignal.Itmovesataspeedof30metersasecond.Inlessthanasecondthebrainunderstandsthatpartofthebodyishurtandhowbadlyitisinjured.?50?Ittellsusnottousetheinjuredpartuntilitheals.??A.Andothershavepainfulattacksallthetime.??B.Thesesignalstravelfromnervecellsintheinjuredareaupthespinalcord脊髓tothebrainandbackdownagain.??C.Ittellsusthatweareinjuredandshoulddosomethingaboutit.??D.Theyknewlittleabouttheprocessofpainitself.??E.Theothermessagemovesataspeedofonly013～meterasecond.??F.Andtheysendthesecondslowermessageofpaintothebrain.
{{*HTML*}}A.ifwecandriveyieldup??B.whenMexicoChinaandIndiajoinintheproject??C.ifwewanttofightagainstmalnutritionandpoverty??D.whenweusemoderntechnologiesanddevelopnewones??E.whenthedevelopedworldhelpthedevelopingworld??F.whenstrategicresearchcanbeutilizedworldwideLandcanbesavedforotherpurposes______.
IamfeelingalotmorehealthythanIwas.
Theboyistooyoungtodiscriminaterightfromwrong.
Food TheU.S.foodsupplyisthemostvariedandabundantintheworld.Americansspendasmallershareoftheirdisposableincomeonfoodthancitizensofanyothercountryandchoosefromanaverageof50000differentfoodproductsonatypicaloutingtothesupermarket.In1994thefowlsupplyprovidedanestimated3800caloriesperpersonperdayenoughtosupplyeveryAmericanwithmorethanoneandahalftimestheiraveragedailyenergyneeds.GiventhisabundancefewoftheNationsresourceshavetraditionallybeendevotedtomeasuringorreducingfoodwaste. Inrecentyearsgrowingconcernabouthungerresourceconservationandtheenvironmentalandeconomiccostsassociatedwithfoodwastehaveraisedpublicawarenessoffoodloss.Thisinturnhasacceleratedpublicandprivateeffortstomakebetteruseofavailablefoodsuppliesbyrecoveringsafeandnutritiousfoodthatwouldotherwisebewasted. Ofcoursenotallfoodthatislostissuitableforconsumption.Somelosseslikethecondemnationofdiseasedanimalsattheslaughteringhouse屠宰场orthediscardofrottenfruitfromtheproduceshelfatthesupermarketarenecessarytoensurethesafetyandhealthoftheU.S.foodsupply.Suchfoodsarenotrecoverableforhumanuse. Likewiseplatefragmentsareappropriatelydiscardedateatingestablishmentsoutofhealthconsiderations.Inadditionnotallfoodthatislostiseconomicallyrecoverable.Foodrecoveryeffortsareoftenlimitedbyfinancialrestraintsthatmakeitdifficulttomatchrecoveredfoodwithpotentialrecipients. Neverthelesslargequantitiesofhealthyediblefoodarelostateverystageofthemarketingsystem.Exampleofsuchlossesincludemeatsbreadandotherfoodspreparedbyarestaurantorhotelbutneverservedandthediscardofdefectedorover-ripe.producewhichmaybedifficulttoselloutforsomereasonsbutareotherwisenutritiousandsafe. ItisimpliedinPara4thatmanyfoodrecoveryeffortsaretoocheaptobepractical.
Food TheU.S.foodsupplyisthemostvariedandabundantintheworld.Americansspendasmallershareoftheirdisposableincomeonfoodthancitizensofanyothercountryandchoosefromanaverageof50000differentfoodproductsonatypicaloutingtothesupermarket.In1994thefowlsupplyprovidedanestimated3800caloriesperpersonperdayenoughtosupplyeveryAmericanwithmorethanoneandahalftimestheiraveragedailyenergyneeds.GiventhisabundancefewoftheNationsresourceshavetraditionallybeendevotedtomeasuringorreducingfoodwaste. Inrecentyearsgrowingconcernabouthungerresourceconservationandtheenvironmentalandeconomiccostsassociatedwithfoodwastehaveraisedpublicawarenessoffoodloss.Thisinturnhasacceleratedpublicandprivateeffortstomakebetteruseofavailablefoodsuppliesbyrecoveringsafeandnutritiousfoodthatwouldotherwisebewasted. Ofcoursenotallfoodthatislostissuitableforconsumption.Somelosseslikethecondemnationofdiseasedanimalsattheslaughteringhouse屠宰场orthediscardofrottenfruitfromtheproduceshelfatthesupermarketarenecessarytoensurethesafetyandhealthoftheU.S.foodsupply.Suchfoodsarenotrecoverableforhumanuse. Likewiseplatefragmentsareappropriatelydiscardedateatingestablishmentsoutofhealthconsiderations.Inadditionnotallfoodthatislostiseconomicallyrecoverable.Foodrecoveryeffortsareoftenlimitedbyfinancialrestraintsthatmakeitdifficulttomatchrecoveredfoodwithpotentialrecipients. Neverthelesslargequantitiesofhealthyediblefoodarelostateverystageofthemarketingsystem.Exampleofsuchlossesincludemeatsbreadandotherfoodspreparedbyarestaurantorhotelbutneverservedandthediscardofdefectedorover-ripe.producewhichmaybedifficulttoselloutforsomereasonsbutareotherwisenutritiousandsafe. Discardingover-ripeproduceisnecessaryforrestaurants.
HighStressMayDamageMemoryAccordingtoareportissuedinMay1998elderlypeoplewhohaveconsistentlyhighbloodlevelsofcortisoldon’tscoreaswellonmemorytestsastheirpeerswithlowerlevelsofthestresshormone.What’smorehighlevelsofcortisolarealsoassociatedwithshrinkingofthehippocampusaregionofthebrainthatplaysakeyroleinlearningandmemory.ThefindingssuggestthatevencortisollevelsinthenormalhealthyrangecanactuallyacceIeratebrainaging.Thestudyresultsnowprovidesubstantialevidencethatlong-termexposuretoadrenalstresshormonesmaypromotehippocampalaginginnormalelderlyhumanswriteNadaPorterandPhilipLandfieldoftheUniversityofKentuckyinLexingtonintheireditorial.Cortisolisahormonereleasedinresponsetostressbytheadrenalglandswhichsitontopofthekidneys.Overa5to6-yearperiod.Dr.SoniaLupienandhiscolleaguesmeasured24-hourcortisollevelsin51healthyvolunteersmostofwhomwereintheir70s.Despitewidevariationincortisollevelstheparticipantscouldbedividedintothreesubgroups:thosewhosecortisolprogressivelyincreasedovertimeandwascurrentlyhighincreasing/high;thosewhosecortisolprogressivelyincreasedovertimeandwascurrentlymoderateincreasing/moderate;andsubjectswhosecortisoldecreasedbutwascurrentlymoderatedecreasing/moderate.Theresearcherstestedthevolunteers’memoryonsixpeopleintheincreasing/highcategoryandfivepeopleinthedecreasing/moderategroup.Thegroupsdidnotdifferontestsofimmediatememorybuttheincreasing/highcortisolgrouphadothermemoryproblemscomparedwiththoseinthedecreasing/moderategroup.Theresearchersalsofoundthatthetotalvolumeofthehippocampusinthoseintheincreasing/highgroupwas14%lowerthanthoseinthedecreasing/moderategroupalthoughtherewerenodifferencesinotherbrainregions.Theresultssuggestthat...brainagingcanbeacceleratedbylevelsofadrenalhormonesthatarenotgenerallyregardedaspathologicalandthatvariationwithinthisnormalrangeisrelatedtovariationintherateofbrainagingwritePorterandLandfield.Thisfurthersuggeststhatchronicstressmayacceleratetheworseningofhippocampus./Accordingtothearticlewhenpeoplefeeltooworriedornervousorwhentheyoverwork______.
Iamnotcertainwhetherhewillcome.
{{*HTML*}}A.tosendgoodstovariouspartsoftheworld??B.atanytimeduringtheyear??C.hasgreatlypromotedtrade??D.isitpossibletoproduceonalargescale??E.thetransportofgoods??F.itispossibletoproduceonalargescaleOnlywhengoodscanbecarriedtoallpartsoftheworldquickly______.
Thegrowthofpart-timeandflexibleworkingpatternallowsmorewomentotakeadvantageofjobopportunities.
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