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正常安静时细胞膜两侧存在的电位差称为（）
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安静时细胞膜两侧存在着正常数值的电位差称为
极化
去极化
复极化
超级化
反极化
安静时细胞膜两侧存在着正常数值的电位差称为膜的
极化
超极化
复极化
反极化
去极化
安静时细胞膜两侧存在正常数值的电位差称为
极化
去极化
复极化
超极化
反极化
正常安静时细胞膜两侧存在的电位差称为
极化
去极化
超极化
反极化
安静时细胞膜两侧存在着电位差称为
极化
去极化
复极化
超极化
反极化
以下关于细胞跨膜电位的描述正确的是
细胞跨膜电位和静息电位是两个不同的概念
细胞跨膜电位是细胞静息时存在细胞膜内外两侧的电位差
一般表现为膜内为正，膜外为负
这种电位差可用测量电极在细胞表面测出
正常数值的这种电位差，表明细胞处于去极化状态
静息时细胞膜两侧存在内负外正的电位差称为
复极化
去极化
极化
超极化
安静时细胞膜两侧存在着正常数值的电位差称为
极化
去极化
复极化
超极化
反极化
以下有关静息电位和动作电位的说法中不正确的是
静息电位指细胞未受刺激时存在于细胞内外两侧的电位差
静息电位存在时膜两侧保持的内正外负状态称为膜的极化
静息时膜内外电位差的数值向膜内负值加大的方向变化时称为膜的超极化
静息时膜内外电位差的数值向膜内负值减少的方向变化时称为膜的去极化
细胞先发生去极化，再向正常安静时膜内所处的负值恢复称为复极化
细胞未受刺激时存在于细胞膜内外两侧的电位差称为
静息电位
动作电位
阈电位
阈强度
锋电位
静息时细胞膜两侧存在内负外正的电位差称为
极化
去极化
复极化
超极化
超射
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Text2 Cautionseemsthewatchwordamongthe institutionalinvestorssurveyedinourlatestportfoliopoll.Theallocationof moneybetweenequitiesbondsandcashhas.onaverageremainedatthesame levelsasitdidduringthethirdquarter.WhileLehmanBrothersandCommerz Internationalhaveincreasedtheiroverallequityallocations.Daiwahas increaseditsbondallocation.ButgiventheslowdownintheAmericaneconomy itisthereactionofourinvestorstoAmericanequityholdingsthatisworthy ofnote.Whilethreeofthem.includingLehmanBrotherstakea dimviewoftheprospectsforAmericansharestheotherfourhaveeither marginallyincreasedtheirallocationsorhavemaintainedthematthesame levelsasinthepreviousquarter.LehmanBrothersseemstohavedecidedthat theprospectforGermansharesisbetterthanitisforAmericanones.Its allocationforAmericanequitiesdroppedbysevenpercentagepointsto45%of itsequityholdings;whileitsGermanshareportfolioincreasedbysix percentagepointsto11%.Lehman’sshareallocationtoAmericahasdropped evenasitsoverallequityholdingshaveincreased.Daiwaand StandardLifearetheothertwothathavecutbackonAmericanequities.But CreditSuissecontinuestobeacheerleaderforAmericanshares.Followingits tenpercentage-pointincreaseinthethirdquartertheSwissfirmincreasedits exposuretoAmericanequitiesonceagaininthefourthquarter.Commerz InternationalappearstoshareCreditSuisse’sbullishoutlook:itsAmerican equityholdingshaveincreasedbyfourpercentagepointsto490.JuliusBaeris extremelybullishonAmericanequitieswith60%ofitsequityfundsparked there.ButtheaverageAmericanequityholdingsamongourinstitutional investorsdroppedbyapercentagepointinthefourthquarter. Britishequitiesseemtohavebecomeattractive—allourinvestorshave increasedtheirallocations.CreditSuissewhichinthethirdquartercutits investmentinBritishsharesappearstohavechangeditsmind.Ithasincreased itsallocationbyfourpercentagepointstakingthetotalto9%.Ontheother hand.Japaneseshareshavebeengiventhethumbs-down:allourinvestorssave JuliusBaerunchangedandCreditSuisseslightlyuphavemovedfundsoutof Japaneseequities.ItisarelativelysimilarstoryforJapanese bondswhereeverybodyapartfromCommerzInternationalhaseitherdroppedtheir yen-denominatedbondholdingsorkeptthemunchanged.RobecoGroupseems decidedlybearishforithassharplycutitsallocationfrom24%to15%. LehmanBrothers.appearstohavegotthetimingrightbyraisingitsallocation ofdollar-denominatedbondsinthefourthquarter.Itsincreasewasfollowedby theFedinterest-ratecutonJanuary3rd.WillLehman’sbearishtimingprove rightforAmericansharestooWhichofthefollowingisconnectedtothewordbearishinthelastparagraph
[A]Thenextlogicalstepistoautomatethephysicalprocessofcutting thediamondandDrHoldenseemstohavefoundtheidealpartner.Heistalking toCalibratedDiamonds.acompanybasedinJohannesburgSouthAfrica.about combininghisoptimisationtechniqueswithanadvancedlaser-cuttingsystem. Traditionallydiamondsarecutandpolishedusingotherdiamonds.Butmrecent yearslasershavebeenintroducedtomakeroughcutsandmcarryout brutingthebevellingprocessusedtogivediamondstheir characteristicsharp-edgedshapes.JohnBond.thefounderofCalibrated Diamondssayshislaser-cuttingmethodcanmakemuchmoreprecisecutsandcan evenpolishdiamondsthoughheisreluctanttoexplainhowitworks.He believesthatcombininghislaser-cuttingwithDrHolden’ssoftwareand automatingthewholeprocesscouldbothreducewastedramaticallyandcutthe turnaroundtimefrommonthstodays.Currentlypeoplearelosingupto70%of thediamond.hesays.[B]Forover600yearslapidaristsorstone-cutters havebeenusingessentiallythesametechniquestocutdiamondsanddetermine theirvaluesaysDrHolden.Thereisagreatneedforautomationhesays—a sentimentechoedwithintheindustry.TheGemologicalInstituteofAmericafor exampleisdevisingsoftwaretoenableretailersandconsumerstocompare diamondsofdifferentcutsbygradingthecutautomatically.[C]Inactual usethesystemisfedmodelsofgemstoneswhichareproducedbyscanningthe. stonesusingadesktopX-raytomographymachine.Whenastoneisidentifiedasa borderlinecasebetweentwogradesthesystemusesanoptimisationtechnique calledageneticalgorithmtoexplorethedifferentwaysinwhichthestone couldbecuttomaximiseitsvalue.Sometimesbiggerisnotnecessarilybetter: removingImperfectionsknownasinclusionsmayreducethesizeandcaratageof astonebutcouldalsoelevateittoamorevaluablegrade.TestsofiGem showedthatitcouldincreasethevalueofaroughstonebyasmuchas 23%.[D]Evenasmallimprovementcanyieldasignificantincreaseinvalue saysDrHolden.whospecialisesinapplyingtechnologytoimprove decision-makinginbusiness.TogetherWithhiscolleagueMateeSerearuno.hehas developedanoptimisationsystemcallediGem.Besidesautomaticallyworkingout thegradeofaroughdiamonditalsosuggestshowbesttocatitinorderto maximisethevalueoftheresultingstones.[E]MrBondhopesthatthis combinationoftechnologieswillhelphishomecontinenttobenefitmorefrom itsnaturalwealth.Morethan60%oftheworld’sroughdiamondscomefrom Africahesaysbutalackofexpertiseandrelativelyhighlabourcostsmeans thatthestonesareusuallyshippedoverseastocountriessuchasIndiafor assessmentandcutting.Hehopestohavehisfirstfactoryupandrunninglater thisyear.[F]Thesystemusesasetofrolesdistilledfromthejudgments offourdiamondexpertsmdeterminetheclarityandhencethegradeofeach stone.Eachexpertwasaskedtoclassify503differentvirtual stones--computermodelsofstonescontainingdifferentWivesofflaws.The experts’verdictswerethenboileddownintoasetofrulessothatwhenanew gemstoneispresentedtothesystemitcandeterminehowtheexpertswould probablyhavegradedit.Datafrommoreexpertscouldhavebeenusedbutfour provedtobeenoughtoproducearobustandaccuratesystemsaysDr Holden.[G]Whileadiamondmaybeforeveritsvalueisfarfromsetin stone.ItdependsonthefourCs:caratcutcolourandclarity.Butwhilethe firstthreecanbemeasuredobjectivelyassessingadiamond’sclarityinvolves acertainamountofsubjectivityandcanleaveexpertsdisagreeingaboutthe grade—andhencethevalue—ofastone.NowresearchersatCambridgeUniversity’s InstituteforManufacturingclaimmhavedevisedawaytomakethegradingof diamondsandotherpreciousstonesmoreconsistent.TonyHoldentheproject’s leadersaysautomatingthisprocesscoulddomorethanjustloadmmore accuratevaluations.Itcouldalsomakeroughstonesmorevaluablebyreducing theamountofwasteduringcutting.Order:
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下述哪项关于梅毒的叙述是正确的
WhilemuchoftheattentiononfightingAIDSandotherdiseasesinpoor countrieshasfocusedonaccesstoaffordabledrugsconcernisnowshiftingto thequestionofwhoexactlywilldeliverthem.Unfortunatelythereisa severeshortageofdoctorsnursesandotherhealth-careworkersinthese countries.Accordingtoareportpublishedinthisweek’sLancetbytheJoint LearningInitiativeJLIaninternationalconsortiumofacademiccentresand developmentagenciessub-SaharanAfricahasonlyone-tenththenumberOfnurses anddoctorsperheadofpopulationthatEuropedoesthoughitshealth-care problemsarefarmompressing.47Thereasonsforthisaretw07foldand wellknown—notenoughhealth-careworkersaretrainedinthefastplaceandtoo manyofthosewhoaretrainedthenleaveforbetter-paidjobsintherichworld. Whatthereportdoesistoputsomenumbersontheseproblems. Amere5000doctorsitfindsgraduateinAfricaeachyearathirdof thenumberthatgraduateinAmerica.Only50of600doctorsminedinZambiain recentyearsarestillinthecountry.TherearemoreMalawiandoctorsin ManchesterthanMalawi.48Andmanyrichcountriesexacerbatetheproblem byrecruitingfrompooronestohelpdealwiththeirown shortages.Toovercomeallthis.theJLIreckonsthatthe worldneeds4mmorehealth-careworkersofwhomlmarerequiredinsub-Saharan Africaalone.Thequestionis.whowillpayforthemThereportfloatssome ideas.49Itrecommendsthatroughly$400mor4%oftheoverseasaid currentlyspentonhealth-beearmarkedtohelpbuildupthehealth-care workforceinpoorcountries.50Butitalsosuggeststhatbetterusebe madeofexistingresourcesforexamplebyemployinglocalvolunteersrather thanhighlytraineddoctorsformany.routinematters.AsLincolnChenof HarvardUniversityoneofthereport’sauthorspointsoutafewcountries suchasBrazil.ThailandandIran.havetakenstepsintherightdirection. Othersneedtofollowtheirlead.
Directions: YouheardthatoneofyourfriendsfailedintheentranceexaminationofpostgraduateWritealettertohimwhichshouldincludethefollowinginformation:1expressyourregrets;2encouragehimtotryagain;3hopetoseehiminhighspirits.Youshouldwriteabout100words.Donotsignyourwonnameattheendoftheletter.UseLiMinginstead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.
通过兴奋中枢化学感受器增强肺通气的有效刺激是
Text4 Whatanelegantparty!ThePress ComplaintsCommission’sglitteringbashthisweekmcelebrateitstenth anniversarywasthenearestLondongetstohighsociety.Inagatheringtoo closemimitateforcomfortthePCCsucceededinbringingtogetherPrince WilliamtheheirtothethronehisfatherPrinceCharlestheroyalmistress. CamillaParker-Bowles.aswellaspopstarssuper-modelscabinetministers seniorcivilservantsandotheradmirers.Theonethingthis differentgrouphadincommonwasthatmostofthemhadsoughttheprotectionof thePCCoverthepastdecade.Theirprincipaltormentorstheeditorsofthe nation’stabloidnewspaperswerethereinforcetogreettheirvictimssoit wasnotsurprisingthatacertaintrembleswirledaroundtheparty. ThatsomanyprominentuppercirclesturneduptodevourthePCC’scanape5 andrubshoulderswiththeroyalsis.nodoubtatriumphforitschairman.Lord Wakeham.Hecanfairlyclaimtohaverestoredconfidenceinself-regulationand savedthepressfromprivacylegislation.Askilledpoliticalfixerhehasused hischairmanshipmpressurethepressbaronssuchasRupertMurdochinto enclosingtheireditors.ThePCC’scodeofconductdrawnupby apanelofeditorsisgenerallyobserved.Pressstandardshaveimprovedand complaintshavefallenbynearlyathirdoverthepastfiveyears.Theindustry whichnotsolongagowassaidtobedrinkinginthelast-chance saloonwithself-regulationinterminaldisreputeisgrateful. Thepartywasmeantmcelebratethissuccess.Thesoapstarsandthe modelsjudgingbytheamountofdrinkgoingdowntheirthroatscertainly 9njoyedthemselvesasdidtheeditors.ButwhetherPrinceCharlesandPrince Williamwerewisetoassociatethemselveswiththislotisdoubtful.Neversup withtheenemyisagoodmotto.Atleasttheroyalscouldtellwhotoavoid becausealltheguestshadnametabs.LordWakehamwhohelped getridofLadyThatcherwithoutherevenknowingisaskilledoperator.But thisluxurypartyhasgivenanopeningtothosecriticswhoclaimheistoo closetotheindustryandtooprotectiveofthepowerful.We’reheretoprotect thevulnerablewasthesloganofabigbannerthatgreetedtheguests.Thatwas notthemainimpressiontheeveningmadeonthemindsofthosewhostaggeredout ofthegrandeurofSomersetHousehighonchampagneandcelebrity.Thetruly vulnerablewerenowheretobeseen.Fromthetext.wecanseeLordWakehamisNOT______.
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Afteryuppiesanddinkiesanew creaturefromadlandstalkstheblock.TheNYLON.anacronymlinkingNewYork andLondonisarefinementofthosemorefamiliarcategoriessuchas jet-settersandcosmocratscosmopolitanaristocrats...dokeepup.Marketing professionalshavenotedthat1thedemiseofConcordea newclassofhigh-earnerincreasingly2hisorhertime shuttling3thetwincapitalsofglobalisationAndNYLONS prefertheirhomecomforts4tapinbothcities.Despite theimpressive5ofairmilestheyarenotadventurous people.As6fromTomWolfe’sMastersof theUniverseofthe1980s.NYLONShavedonemorethanwell7 thelongboomandneweconomyofthelasttenyears.TheyareDJs. chefsgamesdesigners.Internetentrepreneursfashionistaspublishersand evena8bandofjournalistsandwriters.Theyare self-consciouslytrendyandsomeareevenableto9houses inbothcities.Otherswillputup.10ahouseinone.and aview11aroommthe12.Ofcourse theirhorizonsdo13beyondjustNewYorkandLondon.For many.LosAngelesisanimportantshoppingmall.More significantlyforadlandNYLONSprovidesomeusefulmarketingsavings. CampaignsnolongerhavetodifferverymuchinthetwoCities14 NYLONSbringthemeverclosertogether.Therestaurantsarethesame withNobunowinLondonandConraninNewYork.Manyplays15 inbothcitiesatthesametime.andDJsshuttlebetweenthetwo. 16thesamegaragetothesamepeoplein17 clubs.TimeOutandWallpaperarethemagazinesof18 .AllthisisfineforNYLONS.Butnotsomuch19 foreverybodyelsewatchingNottingHillturn20 apaleimitationofGreenwichVillage.
下列哪项不符合肺结核的化疗原则
Text1 NASAlaunchedthefirstspacemission toPlutoyesterdayasapowerfulrockethurledtheNewHorizonsspacecraftona nine-yearthree-billion-milejourneytotheedgeofthesolarsystem Asitsoaredtowarda2007meetingwithJupiterwhosepowerful gravitationalfieldwillshootitonitswaytoPluto.missionmanagerssaid radiocommunicationsconfirmedthatthe1054-poundcraftwasingood health.The$700millionmissionbeganwhenaLockheedMartin Atlas5rocketrosefromalaunchingpadattheCapeCanaveralAirForceStation inFloridaat2p.m.almostanhourlaterthanplannedbecauseoflowclouds thatobscuredaclearviewoftheflightpathbytrackingcameras. Lessthananhourlaterallthreestagesoftheboosterrocketworkedas plannedandthespacecraftseparatedfromthemandsprintedawaytowarddeep space.Therobotshipspedawayatabout36000milesperhourthefastest flightofanyspacecraftsentfromEarth.allowingittopasstheMooninabout ninehours.ThisisahistoricdaysaidAlanStemofthe SouthwestResearchInstituteinBoulderColothemission’sprincipalscientist andteamleader.SpeakingatanewsconferenceattheKennedySpaceCenterin Florida.Dr.SternsaidthetimingassuredthattheNewHorizonswouldarrive foritsclosestapproachtoPlutoonJuly142015—the50thanniversaryofthe firstflybyofMarsbytheMariner4.themissionthatbegantheexplorationof theplanets.TheNewHorizonsispoweredbyasmall plutonium-firedelectricgenerator.Itsinstrumentsincludethreecamerasfor visible-lightinfraredandultravioletimagesandthreespectrometerstostudy thecompositionandtemperaturesofPluto’sthinatmosphereandsurface features.ItalsocarriesaUniversityofColoradodustcounterthefirst experimenttoflyonaplanetarymissionthatisentirelydesignedandoperated bystudents.Thisistheonlyexperimentthatwillnothibernateduringthe mission.Yesterday’sliftoffalsopaidregardtoPluto’s discoverertheastronomerClydeW.Tombaugh.whoin1930becametheonly Americantofindaplanetinthesolarsystem.Hediedat90.in1997.His widowPatriciaTombaugh.93.andotherfamilymemberswerepresentatthecape andsomeofhisremainswereamongthecommemorativeitemsaboardthe spacecraft.SomeofClyde’sashesareontheirwaytoPlutotodayDr.Stem said.TheNewHorizonsistoreachJupiter’sgravitationalfield in13months.ThetriptoPlutowilltakeeightmoreyearsmostofwhichthe craftwillspendinelectronichibernationtosavepowerandwearonthe equipmentneededforitssevenexperiments.Inadditiontothe two-hourdelaythelaunchingwaspostponedtwiceintwodays—onTuesdayby strongwindsatthecapeandonWednesdaybyastormthatcausedapower; failureatthespacecraft’scontrolcenterattheJohnsHopkinsUniversity AppliedPhysicsLaboratoryinLaurel.Md.MissionplannershaduntilFeb.14to launchthemissionthisyearbutonlyuntiltheendofthismonthtousethe gravityboostfromJupiterwhichwillshortenthetriptoPlutobyfive years.Accordingtothetextthedustcounteris______.
Text3 CharlesReznikoff1894～1976worked relentlesslyneverleavingNewYorkbutforabriefstayinHollywoodofall places.HewasadmiredbyPoundandKennethBurke.andoftenpublishedhisown works;intheDepressionerahemanagedatreadleprintingpressinhis basement.Hewrotethreesortsofpoems:exceptionallyshortimagisticlyrics; longerpiecescraftedandcobbledfromothersourcesoftenfromtheJudaic tradition:andbook-lengthpoemswroughtfromthetestimonybothofHolocaust trialsandfromthecourtroomsofmm-of-the-centuryAmerica.Twoofthese full-lengthvolumeswereindeedtitledTestimonyaswasanearlierprosework; itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany.Whenaskedlateinlifeto definehispoetryitwasnotthewordhechose.Objectivist’ hewrotenaminghislongstandinggroupandmimickingpoeticstylewitha singleprosesentence:imagesclearbutthemeaningnotstatedbutsuggestedby theobjectivedetailsandthemusicoftheverse:wordspithyandplain:without theartificeofregularmeters:themeschieflyJewish.American.urban.Ifthe sentencesoundshard-wonthisisperhapsbecauseitwas.Fourdecadesearlier hewroteinalettertofriendsThereisalearnedarticleaboutmyversein PoetrythismonthfromwhichIlearnthatIamanobjectivist.Thelearned fellowwasLouisZukofskybrillianteminenceoftheObjectivists.withwhomI disagreeastobothformandcontentofversebuttowhomIamobligedfor placingsomeofmythingshereandthere.SoreadReznikoffsconclusionin 1931.withitsfillipofpoliteresentment.Movementsand schoolsarearbitraryandimmaterialthingsbywhichpoetichistoryistold. ThismusthaverankledReznikoff.whospenthiswritinglifetracingthe materialandthenecessary.Bornachildofimmigrantsin Brooklynin1294.hewasinjournalismschoolat16tookalawdegreeat21. Thoughhewaslittleinterestedinlegalpracticetheideaswouldbenearthe heartofhiswriting.Idealpoeticlanguagehewroteisrestrictedalmostto thetestimonyofawitnessinacourtoflaw.Ifthissuggestsacongenital optimismaboutthelaw.itmadeforastonishinglycare-filledpoetry.Reznikoff isunsurpassedinconveyingthesensethattheworldisworthgettingright.Not thegloriousorthedamagedworldbuttheworldthatiseverythingthatisthe case.Reznikoffsfaithinthefactsofthecasetakesonanintensitynoless socialthanspiritualnogreaterwhensurveyingtheOldTestamentthanNewYork Thiscollectiongathersallhispoemsbutforthosealreadybook-lengthbythe techniqueofcompressingontosinglepagesasmanyasfiveorsixatatime. Thiscanlessentheforce;eachisasortofAmericanhaikuthoughnomore impressionisticthanahand-operatedprintingpress.Onesuch.numbered69in thevolumeJerusalemtheGoldenrunsinitslength:Amongtheheapsof brickandplasterliesfagirderstillitselfamongtherubbish.This exemplarycoupletissometimestakentorepresentReznikoff’spoetryitself immutableandcertainamidthetransitory.35Bycitingthepoeminthelastparagraphtheauthorintendsto______.
Text1 NASAlaunchedthefirstspacemission toPlutoyesterdayasapowerfulrockethurledtheNewHorizonsspacecraftona nine-yearthree-billion-milejourneytotheedgeofthesolarsystem Asitsoaredtowarda2007meetingwithJupiterwhosepowerful gravitationalfieldwillshootitonitswaytoPluto.missionmanagerssaid radiocommunicationsconfirmedthatthe1054-poundcraftwasingood health.The$700millionmissionbeganwhenaLockheedMartin Atlas5rocketrosefromalaunchingpadattheCapeCanaveralAirForceStation inFloridaat2p.m.almostanhourlaterthanplannedbecauseoflowclouds thatobscuredaclearviewoftheflightpathbytrackingcameras. Lessthananhourlaterallthreestagesoftheboosterrocketworkedas plannedandthespacecraftseparatedfromthemandsprintedawaytowarddeep space.Therobotshipspedawayatabout36000milesperhourthefastest flightofanyspacecraftsentfromEarth.allowingittopasstheMooninabout ninehours.ThisisahistoricdaysaidAlanStemofthe SouthwestResearchInstituteinBoulderColothemission’sprincipalscientist andteamleader.SpeakingatanewsconferenceattheKennedySpaceCenterin Florida.Dr.SternsaidthetimingassuredthattheNewHorizonswouldarrive foritsclosestapproachtoPlutoonJuly142015—the50thanniversaryofthe firstflybyofMarsbytheMariner4.themissionthatbegantheexplorationof theplanets.TheNewHorizonsispoweredbyasmall plutonium-firedelectricgenerator.Itsinstrumentsincludethreecamerasfor visible-lightinfraredandultravioletimagesandthreespectrometerstostudy thecompositionandtemperaturesofPluto’sthinatmosphereandsurface features.ItalsocarriesaUniversityofColoradodustcounterthefirst experimenttoflyonaplanetarymissionthatisentirelydesignedandoperated bystudents.Thisistheonlyexperimentthatwillnothibernateduringthe mission.Yesterday’sliftoffalsopaidregardtoPluto’s discoverertheastronomerClydeW.Tombaugh.whoin1930becametheonly Americantofindaplanetinthesolarsystem.Hediedat90.in1997.His widowPatriciaTombaugh.93.andotherfamilymemberswerepresentatthecape andsomeofhisremainswereamongthecommemorativeitemsaboardthe spacecraft.SomeofClyde’sashesareontheirwaytoPlutotodayDr.Stem said.TheNewHorizonsistoreachJupiter’sgravitationalfield in13months.ThetriptoPlutowilltakeeightmoreyearsmostofwhichthe craftwillspendinelectronichibernationtosavepowerandwearonthe equipmentneededforitssevenexperiments.Inadditiontothe two-hourdelaythelaunchingwaspostponedtwiceintwodays—onTuesdayby strongwindsatthecapeandonWednesdaybyastormthatcausedapower; failureatthespacecraft’scontrolcenterattheJohnsHopkinsUniversity AppliedPhysicsLaboratoryinLaurel.Md.MissionplannershaduntilFeb.14to launchthemissionthisyearbutonlyuntiltheendofthismonthtousethe gravityboostfromJupiterwhichwillshortenthetriptoPlutobyfive years.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthespacecraft
Afteryuppiesanddinkiesanew creaturefromadlandstalkstheblock.TheNYLON.anacronymlinkingNewYork andLondonisarefinementofthosemorefamiliarcategoriessuchas jet-settersandcosmocratscosmopolitanaristocrats...dokeepup.Marketing professionalshavenotedthat1thedemiseofConcordea newclassofhigh-earnerincreasingly2hisorhertime shuttling3thetwincapitalsofglobalisationAndNYLONS prefertheirhomecomforts4tapinbothcities.Despite theimpressive5ofairmilestheyarenotadventurous people.As6fromTomWolfe’sMastersof theUniverseofthe1980s.NYLONShavedonemorethanwell7 thelongboomandneweconomyofthelasttenyears.TheyareDJs. chefsgamesdesigners.Internetentrepreneursfashionistaspublishersand evena8bandofjournalistsandwriters.Theyare self-consciouslytrendyandsomeareevenableto9houses inbothcities.Otherswillputup.10ahouseinone.and aview11aroommthe12.Ofcourse theirhorizonsdo13beyondjustNewYorkandLondon.For many.LosAngelesisanimportantshoppingmall.More significantlyforadlandNYLONSprovidesomeusefulmarketingsavings. CampaignsnolongerhavetodifferverymuchinthetwoCities14 NYLONSbringthemeverclosertogether.Therestaurantsarethesame withNobunowinLondonandConraninNewYork.Manyplays15 inbothcitiesatthesametime.andDJsshuttlebetweenthetwo. 16thesamegaragetothesamepeoplein17 clubs.TimeOutandWallpaperarethemagazinesof18 .AllthisisfineforNYLONS.Butnotsomuch19 foreverybodyelsewatchingNottingHillturn20 apaleimitationofGreenwichVillage.
[A]Thenextlogicalstepistoautomatethephysicalprocessofcutting thediamondandDrHoldenseemstohavefoundtheidealpartner.Heistalking toCalibratedDiamonds.acompanybasedinJohannesburgSouthAfrica.about combininghisoptimisationtechniqueswithanadvancedlaser-cuttingsystem. Traditionallydiamondsarecutandpolishedusingotherdiamonds.Butmrecent yearslasershavebeenintroducedtomakeroughcutsandmcarryout brutingthebevellingprocessusedtogivediamondstheir characteristicsharp-edgedshapes.JohnBond.thefounderofCalibrated Diamondssayshislaser-cuttingmethodcanmakemuchmoreprecisecutsandcan evenpolishdiamondsthoughheisreluctanttoexplainhowitworks.He believesthatcombininghislaser-cuttingwithDrHolden’ssoftwareand automatingthewholeprocesscouldbothreducewastedramaticallyandcutthe turnaroundtimefrommonthstodays.Currentlypeoplearelosingupto70%of thediamond.hesays.[B]Forover600yearslapidaristsorstone-cutters havebeenusingessentiallythesametechniquestocutdiamondsanddetermine theirvaluesaysDrHolden.Thereisagreatneedforautomationhesays—a sentimentechoedwithintheindustry.TheGemologicalInstituteofAmericafor exampleisdevisingsoftwaretoenableretailersandconsumerstocompare diamondsofdifferentcutsbygradingthecutautomatically.[C]Inactual usethesystemisfedmodelsofgemstoneswhichareproducedbyscanningthe. stonesusingadesktopX-raytomographymachine.Whenastoneisidentifiedasa borderlinecasebetweentwogradesthesystemusesanoptimisationtechnique calledageneticalgorithmtoexplorethedifferentwaysinwhichthestone couldbecuttomaximiseitsvalue.Sometimesbiggerisnotnecessarilybetter: removingImperfectionsknownasinclusionsmayreducethesizeandcaratageof astonebutcouldalsoelevateittoamorevaluablegrade.TestsofiGem showedthatitcouldincreasethevalueofaroughstonebyasmuchas 23%.[D]Evenasmallimprovementcanyieldasignificantincreaseinvalue saysDrHolden.whospecialisesinapplyingtechnologytoimprove decision-makinginbusiness.TogetherWithhiscolleagueMateeSerearuno.hehas developedanoptimisationsystemcallediGem.Besidesautomaticallyworkingout thegradeofaroughdiamonditalsosuggestshowbesttocatitinorderto maximisethevalueoftheresultingstones.[E]MrBondhopesthatthis combinationoftechnologieswillhelphishomecontinenttobenefitmorefrom itsnaturalwealth.Morethan60%oftheworld’sroughdiamondscomefrom Africahesaysbutalackofexpertiseandrelativelyhighlabourcostsmeans thatthestonesareusuallyshippedoverseastocountriessuchasIndiafor assessmentandcutting.Hehopestohavehisfirstfactoryupandrunninglater thisyear.[F]Thesystemusesasetofrolesdistilledfromthejudgments offourdiamondexpertsmdeterminetheclarityandhencethegradeofeach stone.Eachexpertwasaskedtoclassify503differentvirtual stones--computermodelsofstonescontainingdifferentWivesofflaws.The experts’verdictswerethenboileddownintoasetofrulessothatwhenanew gemstoneispresentedtothesystemitcandeterminehowtheexpertswould probablyhavegradedit.Datafrommoreexpertscouldhavebeenusedbutfour provedtobeenoughtoproducearobustandaccuratesystemsaysDr Holden.[G]Whileadiamondmaybeforeveritsvalueisfarfromsetin stone.ItdependsonthefourCs:caratcutcolourandclarity.Butwhilethe firstthreecanbemeasuredobjectivelyassessingadiamond’sclarityinvolves acertainamountofsubjectivityandcanleaveexpertsdisagreeingaboutthe grade—andhencethevalue—ofastone.NowresearchersatCambridgeUniversity’s InstituteforManufacturingclaimmhavedevisedawaytomakethegradingof diamondsandotherpreciousstonesmoreconsistent.TonyHoldentheproject’s leadersaysautomatingthisprocesscoulddomorethanjustloadmmore accuratevaluations.Itcouldalsomakeroughstonesmorevaluablebyreducing theamountofwasteduringcutting.Order:
Afteryuppiesanddinkiesanew creaturefromadlandstalkstheblock.TheNYLON.anacronymlinkingNewYork andLondonisarefinementofthosemorefamiliarcategoriessuchas jet-settersandcosmocratscosmopolitanaristocrats...dokeepup.Marketing professionalshavenotedthat1thedemiseofConcordea newclassofhigh-earnerincreasingly2hisorhertime shuttling3thetwincapitalsofglobalisationAndNYLONS prefertheirhomecomforts4tapinbothcities.Despite theimpressive5ofairmilestheyarenotadventurous people.As6fromTomWolfe’sMastersof theUniverseofthe1980s.NYLONShavedonemorethanwell7 thelongboomandneweconomyofthelasttenyears.TheyareDJs. chefsgamesdesigners.Internetentrepreneursfashionistaspublishersand evena8bandofjournalistsandwriters.Theyare self-consciouslytrendyandsomeareevenableto9houses inbothcities.Otherswillputup.10ahouseinone.and aview11aroommthe12.Ofcourse theirhorizonsdo13beyondjustNewYorkandLondon.For many.LosAngelesisanimportantshoppingmall.More significantlyforadlandNYLONSprovidesomeusefulmarketingsavings. CampaignsnolongerhavetodifferverymuchinthetwoCities14 NYLONSbringthemeverclosertogether.Therestaurantsarethesame withNobunowinLondonandConraninNewYork.Manyplays15 inbothcitiesatthesametime.andDJsshuttlebetweenthetwo. 16thesamegaragetothesamepeoplein17 clubs.TimeOutandWallpaperarethemagazinesof18 .AllthisisfineforNYLONS.Butnotsomuch19 foreverybodyelsewatchingNottingHillturn20 apaleimitationofGreenwichVillage.
Text2 Cautionseemsthewatchwordamongthe institutionalinvestorssurveyedinourlatestportfoliopoll.Theallocationof moneybetweenequitiesbondsandcashhas.onaverageremainedatthesame levelsasitdidduringthethirdquarter.WhileLehmanBrothersandCommerz Internationalhaveincreasedtheiroverallequityallocations.Daiwahas increaseditsbondallocation.ButgiventheslowdownintheAmericaneconomy itisthereactionofourinvestorstoAmericanequityholdingsthatisworthy ofnote.Whilethreeofthem.includingLehmanBrotherstakea dimviewoftheprospectsforAmericansharestheotherfourhaveeither marginallyincreasedtheirallocationsorhavemaintainedthematthesame levelsasinthepreviousquarter.LehmanBrothersseemstohavedecidedthat theprospectforGermansharesisbetterthanitisforAmericanones.Its allocationforAmericanequitiesdroppedbysevenpercentagepointsto45%of itsequityholdings;whileitsGermanshareportfolioincreasedbysix percentagepointsto11%.Lehman’sshareallocationtoAmericahasdropped evenasitsoverallequityholdingshaveincreased.Daiwaand StandardLifearetheothertwothathavecutbackonAmericanequities.But CreditSuissecontinuestobeacheerleaderforAmericanshares.Followingits tenpercentage-pointincreaseinthethirdquartertheSwissfirmincreasedits exposuretoAmericanequitiesonceagaininthefourthquarter.Commerz InternationalappearstoshareCreditSuisse’sbullishoutlook:itsAmerican equityholdingshaveincreasedbyfourpercentagepointsto490.JuliusBaeris extremelybullishonAmericanequitieswith60%ofitsequityfundsparked there.ButtheaverageAmericanequityholdingsamongourinstitutional investorsdroppedbyapercentagepointinthefourthquarter. Britishequitiesseemtohavebecomeattractive—allourinvestorshave increasedtheirallocations.CreditSuissewhichinthethirdquartercutits investmentinBritishsharesappearstohavechangeditsmind.Ithasincreased itsallocationbyfourpercentagepointstakingthetotalto9%.Ontheother hand.Japaneseshareshavebeengiventhethumbs-down:allourinvestorssave JuliusBaerunchangedandCreditSuisseslightlyuphavemovedfundsoutof Japaneseequities.ItisarelativelysimilarstoryforJapanese bondswhereeverybodyapartfromCommerzInternationalhaseitherdroppedtheir yen-denominatedbondholdingsorkeptthemunchanged.RobecoGroupseems decidedlybearishforithassharplycutitsallocationfrom24%to15%. LehmanBrothers.appearstohavegotthetimingrightbyraisingitsallocation ofdollar-denominatedbondsinthefourthquarter.Itsincreasewasfollowedby theFedinterest-ratecutonJanuary3rd.WillLehman’sbearishtimingprove rightforAmericansharestooAccordingtothepassageequitycanserveas______.
肝素抗凝血的主要作用机理是
Text4 Whatanelegantparty!ThePress ComplaintsCommission’sglitteringbashthisweekmcelebrateitstenth anniversarywasthenearestLondongetstohighsociety.Inagatheringtoo closemimitateforcomfortthePCCsucceededinbringingtogetherPrince WilliamtheheirtothethronehisfatherPrinceCharlestheroyalmistress. CamillaParker-Bowles.aswellaspopstarssuper-modelscabinetministers seniorcivilservantsandotheradmirers.Theonethingthis differentgrouphadincommonwasthatmostofthemhadsoughttheprotectionof thePCCoverthepastdecade.Theirprincipaltormentorstheeditorsofthe nation’stabloidnewspaperswerethereinforcetogreettheirvictimssoit wasnotsurprisingthatacertaintrembleswirledaroundtheparty. ThatsomanyprominentuppercirclesturneduptodevourthePCC’scanape5 andrubshoulderswiththeroyalsis.nodoubtatriumphforitschairman.Lord Wakeham.Hecanfairlyclaimtohaverestoredconfidenceinself-regulationand savedthepressfromprivacylegislation.Askilledpoliticalfixerhehasused hischairmanshipmpressurethepressbaronssuchasRupertMurdochinto enclosingtheireditors.ThePCC’scodeofconductdrawnupby apanelofeditorsisgenerallyobserved.Pressstandardshaveimprovedand complaintshavefallenbynearlyathirdoverthepastfiveyears.Theindustry whichnotsolongagowassaidtobedrinkinginthelast-chance saloonwithself-regulationinterminaldisreputeisgrateful. Thepartywasmeantmcelebratethissuccess.Thesoapstarsandthe modelsjudgingbytheamountofdrinkgoingdowntheirthroatscertainly 9njoyedthemselvesasdidtheeditors.ButwhetherPrinceCharlesandPrince Williamwerewisetoassociatethemselveswiththislotisdoubtful.Neversup withtheenemyisagoodmotto.Atleasttheroyalscouldtellwhotoavoid becausealltheguestshadnametabs.LordWakehamwhohelped getridofLadyThatcherwithoutherevenknowingisaskilledoperator.But thisluxurypartyhasgivenanopeningtothosecriticswhoclaimheistoo closetotheindustryandtooprotectiveofthepowerful.We’reheretoprotect thevulnerablewasthesloganofabigbannerthatgreetedtheguests.Thatwas notthemainimpressiontheeveningmadeonthemindsofthosewhostaggeredout ofthegrandeurofSomersetHousehighonchampagneandcelebrity.Thetruly vulnerablewerenowheretobeseen.Drinkinginthelast-chancesalonLine3Para.4denotes______.
[A]Thenextlogicalstepistoautomatethephysicalprocessofcutting thediamondandDrHoldenseemstohavefoundtheidealpartner.Heistalking toCalibratedDiamonds.acompanybasedinJohannesburgSouthAfrica.about combininghisoptimisationtechniqueswithanadvancedlaser-cuttingsystem. Traditionallydiamondsarecutandpolishedusingotherdiamonds.Butmrecent yearslasershavebeenintroducedtomakeroughcutsandmcarryout brutingthebevellingprocessusedtogivediamondstheir characteristicsharp-edgedshapes.JohnBond.thefounderofCalibrated Diamondssayshislaser-cuttingmethodcanmakemuchmoreprecisecutsandcan evenpolishdiamondsthoughheisreluctanttoexplainhowitworks.He believesthatcombininghislaser-cuttingwithDrHolden’ssoftwareand automatingthewholeprocesscouldbothreducewastedramaticallyandcutthe turnaroundtimefrommonthstodays.Currentlypeoplearelosingupto70%of thediamond.hesays.[B]Forover600yearslapidaristsorstone-cutters havebeenusingessentiallythesametechniquestocutdiamondsanddetermine theirvaluesaysDrHolden.Thereisagreatneedforautomationhesays—a sentimentechoedwithintheindustry.TheGemologicalInstituteofAmericafor exampleisdevisingsoftwaretoenableretailersandconsumerstocompare diamondsofdifferentcutsbygradingthecutautomatically.[C]Inactual usethesystemisfedmodelsofgemstoneswhichareproducedbyscanningthe. stonesusingadesktopX-raytomographymachine.Whenastoneisidentifiedasa borderlinecasebetweentwogradesthesystemusesanoptimisationtechnique calledageneticalgorithmtoexplorethedifferentwaysinwhichthestone couldbecuttomaximiseitsvalue.Sometimesbiggerisnotnecessarilybetter: removingImperfectionsknownasinclusionsmayreducethesizeandcaratageof astonebutcouldalsoelevateittoamorevaluablegrade.TestsofiGem showedthatitcouldincreasethevalueofaroughstonebyasmuchas 23%.[D]Evenasmallimprovementcanyieldasignificantincreaseinvalue saysDrHolden.whospecialisesinapplyingtechnologytoimprove decision-makinginbusiness.TogetherWithhiscolleagueMateeSerearuno.hehas developedanoptimisationsystemcallediGem.Besidesautomaticallyworkingout thegradeofaroughdiamonditalsosuggestshowbesttocatitinorderto maximisethevalueoftheresultingstones.[E]MrBondhopesthatthis combinationoftechnologieswillhelphishomecontinenttobenefitmorefrom itsnaturalwealth.Morethan60%oftheworld’sroughdiamondscomefrom Africahesaysbutalackofexpertiseandrelativelyhighlabourcostsmeans thatthestonesareusuallyshippedoverseastocountriessuchasIndiafor assessmentandcutting.Hehopestohavehisfirstfactoryupandrunninglater thisyear.[F]Thesystemusesasetofrolesdistilledfromthejudgments offourdiamondexpertsmdeterminetheclarityandhencethegradeofeach stone.Eachexpertwasaskedtoclassify503differentvirtual stones--computermodelsofstonescontainingdifferentWivesofflaws.The experts’verdictswerethenboileddownintoasetofrulessothatwhenanew gemstoneispresentedtothesystemitcandeterminehowtheexpertswould probablyhavegradedit.Datafrommoreexpertscouldhavebeenusedbutfour provedtobeenoughtoproducearobustandaccuratesystemsaysDr Holden.[G]Whileadiamondmaybeforeveritsvalueisfarfromsetin stone.ItdependsonthefourCs:caratcutcolourandclarity.Butwhilethe firstthreecanbemeasuredobjectivelyassessingadiamond’sclarityinvolves acertainamountofsubjectivityandcanleaveexpertsdisagreeingaboutthe grade—andhencethevalue—ofastone.NowresearchersatCambridgeUniversity’s InstituteforManufacturingclaimmhavedevisedawaytomakethegradingof diamondsandotherpreciousstonesmoreconsistent.TonyHoldentheproject’s leadersaysautomatingthisprocesscoulddomorethanjustloadmmore accuratevaluations.Itcouldalsomakeroughstonesmorevaluablebyreducing theamountofwasteduringcutting.Order:`
WhilemuchoftheattentiononfightingAIDSandotherdiseasesinpoor countrieshasfocusedonaccesstoaffordabledrugsconcernisnowshiftingto thequestionofwhoexactlywilldeliverthem.Unfortunatelythereisa severeshortageofdoctorsnursesandotherhealth-careworkersinthese countries.Accordingtoareportpublishedinthisweek’sLancetbytheJoint LearningInitiativeJLIaninternationalconsortiumofacademiccentresand developmentagenciessub-SaharanAfricahasonlyone-tenththenumberOfnurses anddoctorsperheadofpopulationthatEuropedoesthoughitshealth-care problemsarefarmompressing.47Thereasonsforthisaretw07foldand wellknown—notenoughhealth-careworkersaretrainedinthefastplaceandtoo manyofthosewhoaretrainedthenleaveforbetter-paidjobsintherichworld. Whatthereportdoesistoputsomenumbersontheseproblems. Amere5000doctorsitfindsgraduateinAfricaeachyearathirdof thenumberthatgraduateinAmerica.Only50of600doctorsminedinZambiain recentyearsarestillinthecountry.TherearemoreMalawiandoctorsin ManchesterthanMalawi.48Andmanyrichcountriesexacerbatetheproblem byrecruitingfrompooronestohelpdealwiththeirown shortages.Toovercomeallthis.theJLIreckonsthatthe worldneeds4mmorehealth-careworkersofwhomlmarerequiredinsub-Saharan Africaalone.Thequestionis.whowillpayforthemThereportfloatssome ideas.49Itrecommendsthatroughly$400mor4%oftheoverseasaid currentlyspentonhealth-beearmarkedtohelpbuildupthehealth-care workforceinpoorcountries.50Butitalsosuggeststhatbetterusebe madeofexistingresourcesforexamplebyemployinglocalvolunteersrather thanhighlytraineddoctorsformany.routinematters.AsLincolnChenof HarvardUniversityoneofthereport’sauthorspointsoutafewcountries suchasBrazil.ThailandandIran.havetakenstepsintherightdirection. Othersneedtofollowtheirlead.
下列哪一种情况下氧解离曲线发生右移
Afteryuppiesanddinkiesanew creaturefromadlandstalkstheblock.TheNYLON.anacronymlinkingNewYork andLondonisarefinementofthosemorefamiliarcategoriessuchas jet-settersandcosmocratscosmopolitanaristocrats...dokeepup.Marketing professionalshavenotedthat1thedemiseofConcordea newclassofhigh-earnerincreasingly2hisorhertime shuttling3thetwincapitalsofglobalisationAndNYLONS prefertheirhomecomforts4tapinbothcities.Despite theimpressive5ofairmilestheyarenotadventurous people.As6fromTomWolfe’sMastersof theUniverseofthe1980s.NYLONShavedonemorethanwell7 thelongboomandneweconomyofthelasttenyears.TheyareDJs. chefsgamesdesigners.Internetentrepreneursfashionistaspublishersand evena8bandofjournalistsandwriters.Theyare self-consciouslytrendyandsomeareevenableto9houses inbothcities.Otherswillputup.10ahouseinone.and aview11aroommthe12.Ofcourse theirhorizonsdo13beyondjustNewYorkandLondon.For many.LosAngelesisanimportantshoppingmall.More significantlyforadlandNYLONSprovidesomeusefulmarketingsavings. CampaignsnolongerhavetodifferverymuchinthetwoCities14 NYLONSbringthemeverclosertogether.Therestaurantsarethesame withNobunowinLondonandConraninNewYork.Manyplays15 inbothcitiesatthesametime.andDJsshuttlebetweenthetwo. 16thesamegaragetothesamepeoplein17 clubs.TimeOutandWallpaperarethemagazinesof18 .AllthisisfineforNYLONS.Butnotsomuch19 foreverybodyelsewatchingNottingHillturn20 apaleimitationofGreenwichVillage.
Text3 CharlesReznikoff1894～1976worked relentlesslyneverleavingNewYorkbutforabriefstayinHollywoodofall places.HewasadmiredbyPoundandKennethBurke.andoftenpublishedhisown works;intheDepressionerahemanagedatreadleprintingpressinhis basement.Hewrotethreesortsofpoems:exceptionallyshortimagisticlyrics; longerpiecescraftedandcobbledfromothersourcesoftenfromtheJudaic tradition:andbook-lengthpoemswroughtfromthetestimonybothofHolocaust trialsandfromthecourtroomsofmm-of-the-centuryAmerica.Twoofthese full-lengthvolumeswereindeedtitledTestimonyaswasanearlierprosework; itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany.Whenaskedlateinlifeto definehispoetryitwasnotthewordhechose.Objectivist’ hewrotenaminghislongstandinggroupandmimickingpoeticstylewitha singleprosesentence:imagesclearbutthemeaningnotstatedbutsuggestedby theobjectivedetailsandthemusicoftheverse:wordspithyandplain:without theartificeofregularmeters:themeschieflyJewish.American.urban.Ifthe sentencesoundshard-wonthisisperhapsbecauseitwas.Fourdecadesearlier hewroteinalettertofriendsThereisalearnedarticleaboutmyversein PoetrythismonthfromwhichIlearnthatIamanobjectivist.Thelearned fellowwasLouisZukofskybrillianteminenceoftheObjectivists.withwhomI disagreeastobothformandcontentofversebuttowhomIamobligedfor placingsomeofmythingshereandthere.SoreadReznikoffsconclusionin 1931.withitsfillipofpoliteresentment.Movementsand schoolsarearbitraryandimmaterialthingsbywhichpoetichistoryistold. ThismusthaverankledReznikoff.whospenthiswritinglifetracingthe materialandthenecessary.Bornachildofimmigrantsin Brooklynin1294.hewasinjournalismschoolat16tookalawdegreeat21. Thoughhewaslittleinterestedinlegalpracticetheideaswouldbenearthe heartofhiswriting.Idealpoeticlanguagehewroteisrestrictedalmostto thetestimonyofawitnessinacourtoflaw.Ifthissuggestsacongenital optimismaboutthelaw.itmadeforastonishinglycare-filledpoetry.Reznikoff isunsurpassedinconveyingthesensethattheworldisworthgettingright.Not thegloriousorthedamagedworldbuttheworldthatiseverythingthatisthe case.Reznikoffsfaithinthefactsofthecasetakesonanintensitynoless socialthanspiritualnogreaterwhensurveyingtheOldTestamentthanNewYork Thiscollectiongathersallhispoemsbutforthosealreadybook-lengthbythe techniqueofcompressingontosinglepagesasmanyasfiveorsixatatime. Thiscanlessentheforce;eachisasortofAmericanhaikuthoughnomore impressionisticthanahand-operatedprintingpress.Onesuch.numbered69in thevolumeJerusalemtheGoldenrunsinitslength:Amongtheheapsof brickandplasterliesfagirderstillitselfamongtherubbish.This exemplarycoupletissometimestakentorepresentReznikoff’spoetryitself immutableandcertainamidthetransitory.ThewordrankledLine2.Para.3probablymeans______.
Afteryuppiesanddinkiesanew creaturefromadlandstalkstheblock.TheNYLON.anacronymlinkingNewYork andLondonisarefinementofthosemorefamiliarcategoriessuchas jet-settersandcosmocratscosmopolitanaristocrats...dokeepup.Marketing professionalshavenotedthat1thedemiseofConcordea newclassofhigh-earnerincreasingly2hisorhertime shuttling3thetwincapitalsofglobalisationAndNYLONS prefertheirhomecomforts4tapinbothcities.Despite theimpressive5ofairmilestheyarenotadventurous people.As6fromTomWolfe’sMastersof theUniverseofthe1980s.NYLONShavedonemorethanwell7 thelongboomandneweconomyofthelasttenyears.TheyareDJs. chefsgamesdesigners.Internetentrepreneursfashionistaspublishersand evena8bandofjournalistsandwriters.Theyare self-consciouslytrendyandsomeareevenableto9houses inbothcities.Otherswillputup.10ahouseinone.and aview11aroommthe12.Ofcourse theirhorizonsdo13beyondjustNewYorkandLondon.For many.LosAngelesisanimportantshoppingmall.More significantlyforadlandNYLONSprovidesomeusefulmarketingsavings. CampaignsnolongerhavetodifferverymuchinthetwoCities14 NYLONSbringthemeverclosertogether.Therestaurantsarethesame withNobunowinLondonandConraninNewYork.Manyplays15 inbothcitiesatthesametime.andDJsshuttlebetweenthetwo. 16thesamegaragetothesamepeoplein17 clubs.TimeOutandWallpaperarethemagazinesof18 .AllthisisfineforNYLONS.Butnotsomuch19 foreverybodyelsewatchingNottingHillturn20 apaleimitationofGreenwichVillage.
Text1 NASAlaunchedthefirstspacemission toPlutoyesterdayasapowerfulrockethurledtheNewHorizonsspacecraftona nine-yearthree-billion-milejourneytotheedgeofthesolarsystem Asitsoaredtowarda2007meetingwithJupiterwhosepowerful gravitationalfieldwillshootitonitswaytoPluto.missionmanagerssaid radiocommunicationsconfirmedthatthe1054-poundcraftwasingood health.The$700millionmissionbeganwhenaLockheedMartin Atlas5rocketrosefromalaunchingpadattheCapeCanaveralAirForceStation inFloridaat2p.m.almostanhourlaterthanplannedbecauseoflowclouds thatobscuredaclearviewoftheflightpathbytrackingcameras. Lessthananhourlaterallthreestagesoftheboosterrocketworkedas plannedandthespacecraftseparatedfromthemandsprintedawaytowarddeep space.Therobotshipspedawayatabout36000milesperhourthefastest flightofanyspacecraftsentfromEarth.allowingittopasstheMooninabout ninehours.ThisisahistoricdaysaidAlanStemofthe SouthwestResearchInstituteinBoulderColothemission’sprincipalscientist andteamleader.SpeakingatanewsconferenceattheKennedySpaceCenterin Florida.Dr.SternsaidthetimingassuredthattheNewHorizonswouldarrive foritsclosestapproachtoPlutoonJuly142015—the50thanniversaryofthe firstflybyofMarsbytheMariner4.themissionthatbegantheexplorationof theplanets.TheNewHorizonsispoweredbyasmall plutonium-firedelectricgenerator.Itsinstrumentsincludethreecamerasfor visible-lightinfraredandultravioletimagesandthreespectrometerstostudy thecompositionandtemperaturesofPluto’sthinatmosphereandsurface features.ItalsocarriesaUniversityofColoradodustcounterthefirst experimenttoflyonaplanetarymissionthatisentirelydesignedandoperated bystudents.Thisistheonlyexperimentthatwillnothibernateduringthe mission.Yesterday’sliftoffalsopaidregardtoPluto’s discoverertheastronomerClydeW.Tombaugh.whoin1930becametheonly Americantofindaplanetinthesolarsystem.Hediedat90.in1997.His widowPatriciaTombaugh.93.andotherfamilymemberswerepresentatthecape andsomeofhisremainswereamongthecommemorativeitemsaboardthe spacecraft.SomeofClyde’sashesareontheirwaytoPlutotodayDr.Stem said.TheNewHorizonsistoreachJupiter’sgravitationalfield in13months.ThetriptoPlutowilltakeeightmoreyearsmostofwhichthe craftwillspendinelectronichibernationtosavepowerandwearonthe equipmentneededforitssevenexperiments.Inadditiontothe two-hourdelaythelaunchingwaspostponedtwiceintwodays—onTuesdayby strongwindsatthecapeandonWednesdaybyastormthatcausedapower; failureatthespacecraft’scontrolcenterattheJohnsHopkinsUniversity AppliedPhysicsLaboratoryinLaurel.Md.MissionplannershaduntilFeb.14to launchthemissionthisyearbutonlyuntiltheendofthismonthtousethe gravityboostfromJupiterwhichwillshortenthetriptoPlutobyfive years.Intheopeningparagraphtheauthorintroduceshistopicby______.
Text3 CharlesReznikoff1894～1976worked relentlesslyneverleavingNewYorkbutforabriefstayinHollywoodofall places.HewasadmiredbyPoundandKennethBurke.andoftenpublishedhisown works;intheDepressionerahemanagedatreadleprintingpressinhis basement.Hewrotethreesortsofpoems:exceptionallyshortimagisticlyrics; longerpiecescraftedandcobbledfromothersourcesoftenfromtheJudaic tradition:andbook-lengthpoemswroughtfromthetestimonybothofHolocaust trialsandfromthecourtroomsofmm-of-the-centuryAmerica.Twoofthese full-lengthvolumeswereindeedtitledTestimonyaswasanearlierprosework; itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany.Whenaskedlateinlifeto definehispoetryitwasnotthewordhechose.Objectivist’ hewrotenaminghislongstandinggroupandmimickingpoeticstylewitha singleprosesentence:imagesclearbutthemeaningnotstatedbutsuggestedby theobjectivedetailsandthemusicoftheverse:wordspithyandplain:without theartificeofregularmeters:themeschieflyJewish.American.urban.Ifthe sentencesoundshard-wonthisisperhapsbecauseitwas.Fourdecadesearlier hewroteinalettertofriendsThereisalearnedarticleaboutmyversein PoetrythismonthfromwhichIlearnthatIamanobjectivist.Thelearned fellowwasLouisZukofskybrillianteminenceoftheObjectivists.withwhomI disagreeastobothformandcontentofversebuttowhomIamobligedfor placingsomeofmythingshereandthere.SoreadReznikoffsconclusionin 1931.withitsfillipofpoliteresentment.Movementsand schoolsarearbitraryandimmaterialthingsbywhichpoetichistoryistold. ThismusthaverankledReznikoff.whospenthiswritinglifetracingthe materialandthenecessary.Bornachildofimmigrantsin Brooklynin1294.hewasinjournalismschoolat16tookalawdegreeat21. Thoughhewaslittleinterestedinlegalpracticetheideaswouldbenearthe heartofhiswriting.Idealpoeticlanguagehewroteisrestrictedalmostto thetestimonyofawitnessinacourtoflaw.Ifthissuggestsacongenital optimismaboutthelaw.itmadeforastonishinglycare-filledpoetry.Reznikoff isunsurpassedinconveyingthesensethattheworldisworthgettingright.Not thegloriousorthedamagedworldbuttheworldthatiseverythingthatisthe case.Reznikoffsfaithinthefactsofthecasetakesonanintensitynoless socialthanspiritualnogreaterwhensurveyingtheOldTestamentthanNewYork Thiscollectiongathersallhispoemsbutforthosealreadybook-lengthbythe techniqueofcompressingontosinglepagesasmanyasfiveorsixatatime. Thiscanlessentheforce;eachisasortofAmericanhaikuthoughnomore impressionisticthanahand-operatedprintingpress.Onesuch.numbered69in thevolumeJerusalemtheGoldenrunsinitslength:Amongtheheapsof brickandplasterliesfagirderstillitselfamongtherubbish.This exemplarycoupletissometimestakentorepresentReznikoff’spoetryitself immutableandcertainamidthetransitory.BysayingitwasawordthatkepihimclosecompanyLine7.Para.1theauthorimplies______.
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