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半年来出现间断性黑蠓、晕厥，多在活动时发作，无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难。查体：无颈静脉怒张，心界不大，心律整齐，胸骨左缘3、4肋间3/6级收缩期杂音，下 蹲位减弱，肝脏不大，下肢不肿。...
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半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界不大心律整齐胸骨
风湿性主动脉瓣狭窄
肥厚型梗阻性心肌病
陈旧性心肌梗死
室间隔缺损
半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界不大
血糖、尿糖、尿酮
血酮
血气分析
微量血糖测定
男性18岁半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静
留置胃管，鼻饲
利尿
强心
降压
男性18岁半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静
VLDP
HAA
DA
CHOP
男性18岁半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静
急性膀胱炎
急性肾盂肾炎
慢性肾盂肾炎急性发作
尿道综合征
男性18岁半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界不大心
T波倒置
左心室肥大
ST段抬高
深而不宽的Q波
男性18岁半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界
风湿性主动脉瓣狭窄
肥厚梗阻型心肌病
陈旧性心肌梗死
室间隔缺损
二尖瓣脱垂
半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界不大
胃镜
心电图
冠脉造影
24小时食管pH监测
男性18岁半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静
胃镜
心电图
冠脉造影
24小时食管pH监测
半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界不大
留置胃管，鼻饲
利尿
强心
降压
半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界不大心律整齐胸骨
T波倒置
左心室肥大
ST段抬高
深而不宽的Q波
男性18岁半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界不大心
风湿性主动脉瓣狭窄
肥厚梗阻型心肌病
陈旧性心肌梗死
室间隔缺损
半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界不大
VLDP
HAA
DA
CHOP
男性18岁半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界
洋地黄
硝酸酯类
转换酶抑制剂
β-受体阻滞剂
肾上腺素能受体兴奋剂
半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界不大
尿蛋白电泳
B超
CT
肾活检
男性18岁半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静
血糖、尿糖、尿酮
血酮
血气分析
微量血糖测定
男性18岁半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静
腹部CT
腹部B超
腹腔穿刺
腹部X线
男性18岁半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界不大心
风湿性主动脉瓣狭窄
肥厚梗阻型心肌病
陈旧性心肌梗死
室间隔缺损
二尖瓣脱垂
半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界不大
腹部CT
腹部B超
腹腔穿刺
腹部X线
半年来出现间断性黑蠓晕厥多在活动时发作无胸痛及夜间阵发性呼吸困难查体无颈静脉怒张心界不大
急性膀胱炎
急性肾盂肾炎
慢性肾盂肾炎急性发作
尿道综合征
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[A]Manyofthepartnershipsactasvirtualpharmaceuticalcompaniesbringingtogetherexpertisefromfarafield.TheDrugsforNeglectedDiseasesinitiativeforexamplehasdrawntogetherbasicresearchfromacademicsinVenezuelamoleculesfromJapaneseandFrenchdrugmakersclinicaltrialsinEthiopiaandmanufacturingbyBrazilianfirms. [B]Howeveritisnotjustpoorcountriesthataremissingout.Forexamplethereisanurgentneedfornewantibioticsinindustrialisedcountriesasdrag-resistantbacteriaemerge.Yetantibioticdevelopment—oncethecornerstoneofthedrugindustry—hasfallenoutoffavourwithBigPharmafirmsbecauseofscientifichurdlesandregulatoryrequirements. [C]AfewbigdrugmakerssuchasGSKandNovartiswhichinheritedaninterestintropicaldiseasefromtheirparentfirmshavechosentoinvestinatleastearly-stageR&Dinmalariatuberculosisanddenguewithaviewtopartneringlateron.Theyaremotivatedmainlybyphilanthropybutalsowanttopolishtheirimageandhopetoselltotravellersandtoarisingmiddleclassindevelopingcountries. [D]Askabigdrug-companybosswhyheisinthebusinessofmakingpharmaceuticalsandhewillsayhewantsto"addressunmetmedicalneeds".Butnotallmedicalneedsareequallyattractive.Mostofthe7500-plusmedicinescurrentlyindevelopmentbybiotechandpharmaceuticalcompaniesareforchronicdiseasesoftherichworld.Atthesametime.someofhumanity’snastiestafflictionsgetlittleattention.Tropicaldiseasessuchassleepingsicknessorleishmaniasisareaturn-offfordrugmakersbecausetheystrikemainlyinpoorcountriesandofferlittlehopeofanattractivereturnoninvestment.Ofthe1.500orsodrugslaunchedoverthepast30yearsfewerthan20dealspecificallywithtropicaldisease. [E]Thequestionishowtogettheproductsoutofthepipelineandtothepeoplewhoneedthem.DevelopmentcostscanbelowerthaninBigPharmainpartbecauseclinicaltrialsfordiseasessuchasmalariacanbesmallerfasterandthereforecheapertorunthanfor.sayAlzheimer’sdisease.Evenso.ChristopherHentschelheadoftheMedicinesforMalariaVenture.reckonsitwillcostatleast$100tobringjustodeofitsproductstomarketsomuchmoremoneyisneeded. [F]Onewayofgettingattentionforneglecteddiseasesisforpatientstotakeaction.ForexampletheALSTherapyDevelopmentFoundation.startedbyJamesHeywoodwhosebrotherwasstruckdownbythisneurodegenerativediseaseisusingitsmodestbudgettotesthundredsofcompoundsinmiceandmenmthehopeoffindingatreatmentforALS. [G]Anotherrouteistolaunchpublic-privatepartnerships.Drugcompaniescontributemoleculesmanpowerandmachinestonot-for-profitgroupsthatco-ordinateproductdevelopmentfundedmainlybyprivatesourcessuchastheGatesFoundationwithsomegovernmentmoney.Therearenowabout20suchpartnershipsfocusedondevelopingnewdrugsvaccinesordiagnosticsforparticulardiseasesofthedevelopingworldthatwillmakethemaccessibletopoorpopulations. Order: 44
AttheendoflastyearatowncalledFriendshipHeightsinMaryland’sMontgomeryCountyapprovedAmerica’sandthustheworld’sstrictesttobaccopolicy.Townofficerscourageouslybannedsmokingonallpublicpropertyincludingstreetspavementsandpublicsquares."It’sapublichealthissue"saidthemayorAlfredMuller.whoisalsoadoctor."Wedon’thavetherighttooutlawtobacco.butwe’redoingwhatwecanwithinourrights." ThisnewspaperhasexpresseddisgruntlementwiththeelementofintolerancethatisincreasinglymanifestingitselfwithinAmerica’santi-tobaccomovement.ItmustbesaidhoweverthatbraveFriendshipHeightshasdiscoveredanapproachthatliberalscanembrace.Privatepropertyisitsowners’sanctuarybutthepublicrulesinpublicspaces.Undeniablythestreetsbelongtothegovernment;whathappensinthem.thereforeisthegovernment’sbusiness. Onthisworthyprinciplesmokingshouldbemerelythebeginning.Forexampleitisclearthattheconsumptionoffattyfoodscontributestoheartdiseasestrokesandotherdeadlydisease.Besideseatingjunkmakesyoufatandugly.WhatpeopledoathomeistheirownaffairbutwhyallowsthemtoabusethepublicstreetsforthisgluttonyAmerica’spavementsandboardwalksareoverriddenwithpersonsmanyofthemoverweightwhoamblealonglickingicecreamorgobblingchips.Inmanycitieshotdogsarespreadedquiteopenlyonthepavementitself.Allthisshouldbestopped.NotjustinFriendshipHeightsbutinotherenlighteneddistrictsitshouldbeillegaltoeatanythingbutlow-fatfoodsinpubliczones.BecauseAmericansconsumetoolittlebywayoffruitsandvegetablesintimeitisbesttomoveslowlybecausepeople’srightsmustberespectedstreetsshouldbecomestrictlyvegetarian. Morecanbedone.Shriekingnewspaperheadlinescreatestressforthosewhomaynotwishtoviewthem.Peoplewhowanttobuyandreadpapersshouldthereforeberequiredtodosoinprivate.Americahaslongandjustlysoughttopreventtheentanglementofreligionwithpubliclife.Whatpeopledoinchurchorathomeistheirbusiness.Howeverprayingsermonizingorwearingreligiousgarbinthestreetssurelycompromisestherequirementthatthepublicwillnotbedragooredintosupportingreligion. Thereistheenvironmenttoconsideraswell.Thatpeopleexhalecarbondioxideinpublicplaces.thuscontributingtoglobalwarmingisprobablyinevitableandAmerica’spoliticianswouldbewisetopermitit.Butmethanetoo.isagreenhousegasandanodiferousone.Itsemissioninpublicplaces.whereitcanneitherbeavoidednorfilteredseemsanimpositiononbothplanetaryhygieneandhumancomfort.Breakersofwindsurelycanberequiredtowaituntiltheycananswertheirneedsinprivate;andprosecutedwhentheyfail. Fame.then.toFriendshipHeights.Othertownsshouldtakenote.Iftheyintendtofulfilltheirresponsibilitiestothehealthandwelfareofcitizenstopublicorderandabovealltothepublicstreetsandparkswhoserightstheauthoritiesaresworntoupholdthenthewayaheadisclear. WhichofthefollowingmeasuresCANNOTbetakenforgoodofpublichealth
TothepeopleoftheBijagosarchipelagothesharkissacred.In1ceremoniesyoungmenfromtheseislands2thecoastofGuinea-Bissaumustspearasharkandpresentthelivertotheir3Butcanthisancientceremony4theeconomicfactthatabowlofshark’sfinsoupcancost$150intheFarEast InthearchipelagoandallalongWestAfrica’scoastsharksarebeing"finned"to5Fishermencanearn$50-806akiloofsharks’fins.farmorethanordinaryfish.Bythetimethey7theFarEasttheycouldbe8$500akiloormore.valuable9aphrodisiacsaswellasforgourmets. Thehighdemandis10sharkpopulationsinWestAfricaandelsewhere.Mostfish.vulnerableto11eatenbybiggerfishprotecttheirspeciesbylayingmillionsofeggs.Butthesharkhasnonaturalenemy12man.andgivesbirthtojusta13ofyoung.14femalesharksareoftencaught15pregnanttheresulthasbeenpredictablydisastrous.Shark-likesawfishwhicharealso"finned".arealreadyvirtually16offtheBijagosislandsandguitarfishare17threat. InsomepartsofWestAfricawhensharksandothersimilarfishhavebeenfinnedtherestofthefleshisoften18saltedandexportedtoplaceslikeGhanawherethereisa19forlt.Driedsharkisusedmuch20astockcubewouldbeelsewhere.ButintheBijagosislandswheretradersareuninterestedinexportingdriedsharkcarcassesareoftenlefttorotonthebeach. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.4
TothepeopleoftheBijagosarchipelagothesharkissacred.In1ceremoniesyoungmenfromtheseislands2thecoastofGuinea-Bissaumustspearasharkandpresentthelivertotheir3Butcanthisancientceremony4theeconomicfactthatabowlofshark’sfinsoupcancost$150intheFarEast InthearchipelagoandallalongWestAfrica’scoastsharksarebeing"finned"to5Fishermencanearn$50-806akiloofsharks’fins.farmorethanordinaryfish.Bythetimethey7theFarEasttheycouldbe8$500akiloormore.valuable9aphrodisiacsaswellasforgourmets. Thehighdemandis10sharkpopulationsinWestAfricaandelsewhere.Mostfish.vulnerableto11eatenbybiggerfishprotecttheirspeciesbylayingmillionsofeggs.Butthesharkhasnonaturalenemy12man.andgivesbirthtojusta13ofyoung.14femalesharksareoftencaught15pregnanttheresulthasbeenpredictablydisastrous.Shark-likesawfishwhicharealso"finned".arealreadyvirtually16offtheBijagosislandsandguitarfishare17threat. InsomepartsofWestAfricawhensharksandothersimilarfishhavebeenfinnedtherestofthefleshisoften18saltedandexportedtoplaceslikeGhanawherethereisa19forlt.Driedsharkisusedmuch20astockcubewouldbeelsewhere.ButintheBijagosislandswheretradersareuninterestedinexportingdriedsharkcarcassesareoftenlefttorotonthebeach. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.6
Watchingathree-and-a-half-poundchickenroastin14minutestimelosesallmeaning.Theskinturnsgoldandcrispjuicesimmediatelyrisetothesurfaceandthefleshfirmsbeforeyoureyes.It’sdizzyingandseductivelikethehomemakeoversonTVthatcompressas"Wow."youthink"Icoulddothiseverysinglenight." ThemakersoftheTurboChefasuper-fastovenusedatSubwayandStarbucksandrecentlybychefslikeCharlieTrotterandGrayKurtzarebankingonthatreaction.SpeedovensmadebyTurboChefMerrychef.Electroluxandothersarecommonincommercialkitchens:theygenerallyusesomelayeringofmicrowaveconvectionsteamandinfraredtechnologieswhichprovidesevencookingmoistnessandbrowningallathighspeed.Nosingletechnologyhasbeenablemproduceallofthosetraits. Thecombinationovensarealsominingup.inmorelimitedrolesinsomefine-diningkitchens.Mr.TrotterinstalledacommercialTurboChefinhisupscaletakeoutcafeTrotter’stoGo.inChicagoaboutsixyearsago.Mr.Kurtzsaysthathisspeedovenisusedmostlyforsouffi6sreducingthecookingtimefrom25minutesto2. "Iliked.takingthatlineoffthemenuwhereyouhavetoorderthesouffi6atthebeginningofthemeal"hesaid.Thisishardlyaneverydayconcernforhomecooks.Butmanufacturersareunabletoresistthelureofthelucrativeresidentialmarket:companieslikeElectrolux.G.E.andSharpalreadysellspeedovensforhomecooks. TurboChefhoweverhasputanunusualamountofresearchanddesignenergyintoadaptingitsproductforresidentialuse.Itwillbeintroducednextmonthpricedat$5995forasolounitand$7.895foraTurboChefcombinedwithaconventionaloven.Thecompanyispitching—hard—thenotionthatitsappliancewilldonolessthanrevolutionizeAmericanhomecooking. "Ican’timagineahomecookwhowouldn’trespondtothespeedofthisoven"saidMr.Trotter.whohasbecomeaconsultantandspokesmanforTurboChef."Butspeedalonewouldn’tvalidateit.Theresultsareglorious." Gloriousisastrongword.SolastweekIhauledrawchickensandajugofsoufflebatterovertoTurboChef’sNewYorkofficeforaroadtest. ThreehourslateritwasclearthatthetechnologyusedbyTurboChef—acombinationofhigh-speedconvectionforrapidheattransferandbrowningplus"controlledbursts"ofmicrowaveformoistevencooking—isfarmoresuccessfulforactualcookingthanamicrowavealone Thebesttitleforthispassageis
如果ii*分别代表本国和外国利率水平EF分别代表以间接标价法表示的即期汇率和远期汇率而且远期期限和利率期限相同那么利率平价条件是什么
"Iwasaloverbeforethiswar."ThosearethefastwordssungonTVontheRadio’s"ReturntoCookieMountain"oneofthemostwidelypraisedalbumsof2006.Whateverthelinemeanswithintheband’scrypticlyricsitcouldalsoapplytothepastyear’spopularmusic.Thoughtsofromanceviceandcomfortstilldominatedthechartsandtheairwaves.Butamidtheentertainmentsongwriters—includingsomeaimingfortheTop10—werealsograpplingwithawarthatwouldn’tgoaway. Pop’spoliticalconsciousnessrisesineveryelectionyearandmuchasitbecameclearinNovemberthatvotersaretiredofwarmusicin2006alsoreflectedbattlefatigue.Beyondtypicalwartimeattitudesofbelligerenceprotestandyearningforpeacein2006popmovedtowardsomethingdifferent:amoodsomewherebetweenresignationandasiegementality. Songsthattouchedonthewarin2006weresuffusedwiththemournfulandresentfulknowledgethat—sNellYoungtitledthealbumhemadeandrush-releasedinthespring—weare"LivingWithWar"andwillbeforsometime.Awarenessofthewarthrobslikeachronicheadachebehindmorepleasantdistractions. TheculturalresponsetowarinIraqandthewaronterrorism—oneprotractedtheotherpossiblyendless—doesn’thaveanexacthistoricalparallel.UnlikeWorldWarⅡthecurrentsituationhasbroughtlittlenationalunity;unliketheVietnameraourshasnoappreciabledomesticsupportforAmerica’sopponents.IraqmaybeminingintoaquagmireandcivilwarlikeVietnambutthecurrentwarhasnotinspiredtalkofgenerationwiderebellionperhapsbecausethere’snodraftmpityoungagainstoldoranycolorfulpsychedelicallydefiantcounterculture.Thewarsongsofthe21stcenturyhavebeensoberandearnestpragmaticratherthanfanciful. Immediateresponsesto9/11andtotheinvasionofIraqarrivedalongfamiliarlines.Therewasangerandsaber-rattlingatfirstparticularlyincountrymusic:theDixieChicks’careerwasupendedin2003whenNatalieMainesdisparagedthepresidentontheeveoftheIraqinvasion.Therewerefolkyprotestsongsaboutweaponsandoilprofiteeringlike"ThePriceofOil"byBillyBragg;ina21st-centurytouchthereweredenunciationsofnewsmediacomplicityfromsongwritersasvariedasMerleHaggardNellieMcKayandthepunk-rockbandAnti-Flag. Rapperswhowerealreadyslingingwarmetaphorsforeverythingfromrhymebattlestotalesofdrag-dealingcrimesoldierssoonexploitedthemultitudeofrhymesforIraq.whilesome.likeEminemandOutKastalsobluntlyattackedthepresidentandthewar. In2006songwriterswhoUsuallysticktolovesongsfoundthemselvespayingattentiontothewaraswell."Anewyearanewenemy/anothersoldiergonetowar"JohnLegendsingsin"ComingHome"thesongthatendshis2006album"OnceAgain."it’sasoldier’sletterhomewonderingifhisgtrlfriendstillcares."Itseemsthewarswillneverend.butwe’llmakeithomeagain"Mr.Legendcroonsmorewishfulthanconfident. Thepopmusicaboutwarin2006isdifferentfromtheformeronesinthat
Overtheyearsasthemusical"Rent"hasreachedmilestoneaftermilestone—playingaround’theworldinmorethan200productionsfromBoisetoLittleRocktoReykjavik—thethousandsofpeoplewhohavebeenaffectedbythisvibrantgrittyandcompassionateworkmaywellwonderwhatitscreatorJonathanLarsonwouldhavethoughtofitall.AnothermilestonecameonMonday.night.TheoriginalBroadwayproductionof"Rent"openedattheNederlanderTheaterl0yearsagothisSaturday.ThatproductiondirectedbyMichaelGreifwasanalmost-intacttransferoftheinitialproductionattheNewYorkTheaterWorkshopwhichhadopenedthreemonthsearlier. Tocelebratetheanniversarytheoriginalcastmembersreassembledrehearsedfortwodaysandperformedtheshowinasemi-stagedversionattheNederlanderonMonday.TheeventwasabenefitfortheNewYorkTheaterWorkshopforFriendsinDeedasupportorganizationthatgavecomforttoseveralofMr.Larson’sfriendsdealingwithH.I.V.infections..andfortheJonathanLarsonPerformingArtsFoundationwhichwassetupbyhisfamilyaftertheenormoussuccessof"Rent". Beforetheperformancetheco-chairmenofthebenefittoldthestar-studdedaudiencethatmorethan$2million’hadbeenraised.AlsoaddressingthecrowdwereSenatorCharlesE.SchumerandMayorMichaelR.Bloombergwhopraised"Rent"asatimelessworkexemplifying"culturecommunityandcreativity"inthemayor’swordsandsalutedtheshow’svastcontributionstoNewYork’stheatricallife. Onceagainyoucouldonlythink"WouldJonathaneverhaveimaginedallthis"Mr.Larsonwhowrotethemusiclyricsandbooksforhisstageworksstruggledformorethan10yearstogetaproducertotakeashotatoneofhisshows.NowhewasbeingposthumouslythankedforgivingBroadwayacreativeandeconomicboost."Rent"istheseventhlongestrunningshowinBroadwayhistory. IcountmyselfamongthosewhowerepersonallyaffectedbyMr.Larson’swork.becauseoftheinadvertentroleIplayedinthelasthoursofhislife.In1996aneditoratTheTimestippedmeofftotheopeningofarockmusicalinspiredby."LaBoheme"whichtransplantedPuccini’sstrugglingbohemiansfromParisinthe1830’stothe‘EastVillagein1990’s.SoonJan.24IwenttotheNewYorkTheaterWorkshopmseethedressrehearsalof"Rent"whichwasscheduledtoopeninFebruary. Thatperformancewasprettyraggedwithtechnicalglitchesandamisbehavingsoundsystem.ButIwassweptawaybythesophisticationandexuberanceofMr.Larson’smusicandthemixoftendernessandclevernessinhislyrics.AftertheshowMr.LarsonandIsatdownforaninterviewinthetinyticketboothofthetheatertheonlyquietspacewecouldfindamidthepost-rehearsalconfusion.Foralmostanhourthissad-eyedandboyish.creatortalkedabouthisapproachtosongwritinghisdeterminationtobringtheAmericanmusicaltraditiontotheMTVgenerationandaboutfriendssnugglingwithH:I.V.infectionwhohadinspiredtheshow. Thebesttitleforthispassageis
近段时间来人民币汇率持续走高人民币对美元的中间价一再突破破8破7后人民币升值已不再是传说2008年5月30日人民币兑美元的汇价已达到6.9402 1试述人民币汇率形成机制 2分析人民币升值对我国经济和其他国家经济可能造成的影响
TothepeopleoftheBijagosarchipelagothesharkissacred.In1ceremoniesyoungmenfromtheseislands2thecoastofGuinea-Bissaumustspearasharkandpresentthelivertotheir3Butcanthisancientceremony4theeconomicfactthatabowlofshark’sfinsoupcancost$150intheFarEast InthearchipelagoandallalongWestAfrica’scoastsharksarebeing"finned"to5Fishermencanearn$50-806akiloofsharks’fins.farmorethanordinaryfish.Bythetimethey7theFarEasttheycouldbe8$500akiloormore.valuable9aphrodisiacsaswellasforgourmets. Thehighdemandis10sharkpopulationsinWestAfricaandelsewhere.Mostfish.vulnerableto11eatenbybiggerfishprotecttheirspeciesbylayingmillionsofeggs.Butthesharkhasnonaturalenemy12man.andgivesbirthtojusta13ofyoung.14femalesharksareoftencaught15pregnanttheresulthasbeenpredictablydisastrous.Shark-likesawfishwhicharealso"finned".arealreadyvirtually16offtheBijagosislandsandguitarfishare17threat. InsomepartsofWestAfricawhensharksandothersimilarfishhavebeenfinnedtherestofthefleshisoften18saltedandexportedtoplaceslikeGhanawherethereisa19forlt.Driedsharkisusedmuch20astockcubewouldbeelsewhere.ButintheBijagosislandswheretradersareuninterestedinexportingdriedsharkcarcassesareoftenlefttorotonthebeach. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10
TothepeopleoftheBijagosarchipelagothesharkissacred.In1ceremoniesyoungmenfromtheseislands2thecoastofGuinea-Bissaumustspearasharkandpresentthelivertotheir3Butcanthisancientceremony4theeconomicfactthatabowlofshark’sfinsoupcancost$150intheFarEast InthearchipelagoandallalongWestAfrica’scoastsharksarebeing"finned"to5Fishermencanearn$50-806akiloofsharks’fins.farmorethanordinaryfish.Bythetimethey7theFarEasttheycouldbe8$500akiloormore.valuable9aphrodisiacsaswellasforgourmets. Thehighdemandis10sharkpopulationsinWestAfricaandelsewhere.Mostfish.vulnerableto11eatenbybiggerfishprotecttheirspeciesbylayingmillionsofeggs.Butthesharkhasnonaturalenemy12man.andgivesbirthtojusta13ofyoung.14femalesharksareoftencaught15pregnanttheresulthasbeenpredictablydisastrous.Shark-likesawfishwhicharealso"finned".arealreadyvirtually16offtheBijagosislandsandguitarfishare17threat. InsomepartsofWestAfricawhensharksandothersimilarfishhavebeenfinnedtherestofthefleshisoften18saltedandexportedtoplaceslikeGhanawherethereisa19forlt.Driedsharkisusedmuch20astockcubewouldbeelsewhere.ButintheBijagosislandswheretradersareuninterestedinexportingdriedsharkcarcassesareoftenlefttorotonthebeach. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.20
[A]Manyofthepartnershipsactasvirtualpharmaceuticalcompaniesbringingtogetherexpertisefromfarafield.TheDrugsforNeglectedDiseasesinitiativeforexamplehasdrawntogetherbasicresearchfromacademicsinVenezuelamoleculesfromJapaneseandFrenchdrugmakersclinicaltrialsinEthiopiaandmanufacturingbyBrazilianfirms. [B]Howeveritisnotjustpoorcountriesthataremissingout.Forexamplethereisanurgentneedfornewantibioticsinindustrialisedcountriesasdrag-resistantbacteriaemerge.Yetantibioticdevelopment—oncethecornerstoneofthedrugindustry—hasfallenoutoffavourwithBigPharmafirmsbecauseofscientifichurdlesandregulatoryrequirements. [C]AfewbigdrugmakerssuchasGSKandNovartiswhichinheritedaninterestintropicaldiseasefromtheirparentfirmshavechosentoinvestinatleastearly-stageR&Dinmalariatuberculosisanddenguewithaviewtopartneringlateron.Theyaremotivatedmainlybyphilanthropybutalsowanttopolishtheirimageandhopetoselltotravellersandtoarisingmiddleclassindevelopingcountries. [D]Askabigdrug-companybosswhyheisinthebusinessofmakingpharmaceuticalsandhewillsayhewantsto"addressunmetmedicalneeds".Butnotallmedicalneedsareequallyattractive.Mostofthe7500-plusmedicinescurrentlyindevelopmentbybiotechandpharmaceuticalcompaniesareforchronicdiseasesoftherichworld.Atthesametime.someofhumanity’snastiestafflictionsgetlittleattention.Tropicaldiseasessuchassleepingsicknessorleishmaniasisareaturn-offfordrugmakersbecausetheystrikemainlyinpoorcountriesandofferlittlehopeofanattractivereturnoninvestment.Ofthe1.500orsodrugslaunchedoverthepast30yearsfewerthan20dealspecificallywithtropicaldisease. [E]Thequestionishowtogettheproductsoutofthepipelineandtothepeoplewhoneedthem.DevelopmentcostscanbelowerthaninBigPharmainpartbecauseclinicaltrialsfordiseasessuchasmalariacanbesmallerfasterandthereforecheapertorunthanfor.sayAlzheimer’sdisease.Evenso.ChristopherHentschelheadoftheMedicinesforMalariaVenture.reckonsitwillcostatleast$100tobringjustodeofitsproductstomarketsomuchmoremoneyisneeded. [F]Onewayofgettingattentionforneglecteddiseasesisforpatientstotakeaction.ForexampletheALSTherapyDevelopmentFoundation.startedbyJamesHeywoodwhosebrotherwasstruckdownbythisneurodegenerativediseaseisusingitsmodestbudgettotesthundredsofcompoundsinmiceandmenmthehopeoffindingatreatmentforALS. [G]Anotherrouteistolaunchpublic-privatepartnerships.Drugcompaniescontributemoleculesmanpowerandmachinestonot-for-profitgroupsthatco-ordinateproductdevelopmentfundedmainlybyprivatesourcessuchastheGatesFoundationwithsomegovernmentmoney.Therearenowabout20suchpartnershipsfocusedondevelopingnewdrugsvaccinesordiagnosticsforparticulardiseasesofthedevelopingworldthatwillmakethemaccessibletopoorpopulations. Order: 42
Watchingathree-and-a-half-poundchickenroastin14minutestimelosesallmeaning.Theskinturnsgoldandcrispjuicesimmediatelyrisetothesurfaceandthefleshfirmsbeforeyoureyes.It’sdizzyingandseductivelikethehomemakeoversonTVthatcompressas"Wow."youthink"Icoulddothiseverysinglenight." ThemakersoftheTurboChefasuper-fastovenusedatSubwayandStarbucksandrecentlybychefslikeCharlieTrotterandGrayKurtzarebankingonthatreaction.SpeedovensmadebyTurboChefMerrychef.Electroluxandothersarecommonincommercialkitchens:theygenerallyusesomelayeringofmicrowaveconvectionsteamandinfraredtechnologieswhichprovidesevencookingmoistnessandbrowningallathighspeed.Nosingletechnologyhasbeenablemproduceallofthosetraits. Thecombinationovensarealsominingup.inmorelimitedrolesinsomefine-diningkitchens.Mr.TrotterinstalledacommercialTurboChefinhisupscaletakeoutcafeTrotter’stoGo.inChicagoaboutsixyearsago.Mr.Kurtzsaysthathisspeedovenisusedmostlyforsouffi6sreducingthecookingtimefrom25minutesto2. "Iliked.takingthatlineoffthemenuwhereyouhavetoorderthesouffi6atthebeginningofthemeal"hesaid.Thisishardlyaneverydayconcernforhomecooks.Butmanufacturersareunabletoresistthelureofthelucrativeresidentialmarket:companieslikeElectrolux.G.E.andSharpalreadysellspeedovensforhomecooks. TurboChefhoweverhasputanunusualamountofresearchanddesignenergyintoadaptingitsproductforresidentialuse.Itwillbeintroducednextmonthpricedat$5995forasolounitand$7.895foraTurboChefcombinedwithaconventionaloven.Thecompanyispitching—hard—thenotionthatitsappliancewilldonolessthanrevolutionizeAmericanhomecooking. "Ican’timagineahomecookwhowouldn’trespondtothespeedofthisoven"saidMr.Trotter.whohasbecomeaconsultantandspokesmanforTurboChef."Butspeedalonewouldn’tvalidateit.Theresultsareglorious." Gloriousisastrongword.SolastweekIhauledrawchickensandajugofsoufflebatterovertoTurboChef’sNewYorkofficeforaroadtest. ThreehourslateritwasclearthatthetechnologyusedbyTurboChef—acombinationofhigh-speedconvectionforrapidheattransferandbrowningplus"controlledbursts"ofmicrowaveformoistevencooking—isfarmoresuccessfulforactualcookingthanamicrowavealone Thefirstsentencemeans
Watchingathree-and-a-half-poundchickenroastin14minutestimelosesallmeaning.Theskinturnsgoldandcrispjuicesimmediatelyrisetothesurfaceandthefleshfirmsbeforeyoureyes.It’sdizzyingandseductivelikethehomemakeoversonTVthatcompressas"Wow."youthink"Icoulddothiseverysinglenight." ThemakersoftheTurboChefasuper-fastovenusedatSubwayandStarbucksandrecentlybychefslikeCharlieTrotterandGrayKurtzarebankingonthatreaction.SpeedovensmadebyTurboChefMerrychef.Electroluxandothersarecommonincommercialkitchens:theygenerallyusesomelayeringofmicrowaveconvectionsteamandinfraredtechnologieswhichprovidesevencookingmoistnessandbrowningallathighspeed.Nosingletechnologyhasbeenablemproduceallofthosetraits. Thecombinationovensarealsominingup.inmorelimitedrolesinsomefine-diningkitchens.Mr.TrotterinstalledacommercialTurboChefinhisupscaletakeoutcafeTrotter’stoGo.inChicagoaboutsixyearsago.Mr.Kurtzsaysthathisspeedovenisusedmostlyforsouffi6sreducingthecookingtimefrom25minutesto2. "Iliked.takingthatlineoffthemenuwhereyouhavetoorderthesouffi6atthebeginningofthemeal"hesaid.Thisishardlyaneverydayconcernforhomecooks.Butmanufacturersareunabletoresistthelureofthelucrativeresidentialmarket:companieslikeElectrolux.G.E.andSharpalreadysellspeedovensforhomecooks. TurboChefhoweverhasputanunusualamountofresearchanddesignenergyintoadaptingitsproductforresidentialuse.Itwillbeintroducednextmonthpricedat$5995forasolounitand$7.895foraTurboChefcombinedwithaconventionaloven.Thecompanyispitching—hard—thenotionthatitsappliancewilldonolessthanrevolutionizeAmericanhomecooking. "Ican’timagineahomecookwhowouldn’trespondtothespeedofthisoven"saidMr.Trotter.whohasbecomeaconsultantandspokesmanforTurboChef."Butspeedalonewouldn’tvalidateit.Theresultsareglorious." Gloriousisastrongword.SolastweekIhauledrawchickensandajugofsoufflebatterovertoTurboChef’sNewYorkofficeforaroadtest. ThreehourslateritwasclearthatthetechnologyusedbyTurboChef—acombinationofhigh-speedconvectionforrapidheattransferandbrowningplus"controlledbursts"ofmicrowaveformoistevencooking—isfarmoresuccessfulforactualcookingthanamicrowavealone ThewordlucrativeLine3.Para.4implies
AttheendoflastyearatowncalledFriendshipHeightsinMaryland’sMontgomeryCountyapprovedAmerica’sandthustheworld’sstrictesttobaccopolicy.Townofficerscourageouslybannedsmokingonallpublicpropertyincludingstreetspavementsandpublicsquares."It’sapublichealthissue"saidthemayorAlfredMuller.whoisalsoadoctor."Wedon’thavetherighttooutlawtobacco.butwe’redoingwhatwecanwithinourrights." ThisnewspaperhasexpresseddisgruntlementwiththeelementofintolerancethatisincreasinglymanifestingitselfwithinAmerica’santi-tobaccomovement.ItmustbesaidhoweverthatbraveFriendshipHeightshasdiscoveredanapproachthatliberalscanembrace.Privatepropertyisitsowners’sanctuarybutthepublicrulesinpublicspaces.Undeniablythestreetsbelongtothegovernment;whathappensinthem.thereforeisthegovernment’sbusiness. Onthisworthyprinciplesmokingshouldbemerelythebeginning.Forexampleitisclearthattheconsumptionoffattyfoodscontributestoheartdiseasestrokesandotherdeadlydisease.Besideseatingjunkmakesyoufatandugly.WhatpeopledoathomeistheirownaffairbutwhyallowsthemtoabusethepublicstreetsforthisgluttonyAmerica’spavementsandboardwalksareoverriddenwithpersonsmanyofthemoverweightwhoamblealonglickingicecreamorgobblingchips.Inmanycitieshotdogsarespreadedquiteopenlyonthepavementitself.Allthisshouldbestopped.NotjustinFriendshipHeightsbutinotherenlighteneddistrictsitshouldbeillegaltoeatanythingbutlow-fatfoodsinpubliczones.BecauseAmericansconsumetoolittlebywayoffruitsandvegetablesintimeitisbesttomoveslowlybecausepeople’srightsmustberespectedstreetsshouldbecomestrictlyvegetarian. Morecanbedone.Shriekingnewspaperheadlinescreatestressforthosewhomaynotwishtoviewthem.Peoplewhowanttobuyandreadpapersshouldthereforeberequiredtodosoinprivate.Americahaslongandjustlysoughttopreventtheentanglementofreligionwithpubliclife.Whatpeopledoinchurchorathomeistheirbusiness.Howeverprayingsermonizingorwearingreligiousgarbinthestreetssurelycompromisestherequirementthatthepublicwillnotbedragooredintosupportingreligion. Thereistheenvironmenttoconsideraswell.Thatpeopleexhalecarbondioxideinpublicplaces.thuscontributingtoglobalwarmingisprobablyinevitableandAmerica’spoliticianswouldbewisetopermitit.Butmethanetoo.isagreenhousegasandanodiferousone.Itsemissioninpublicplaces.whereitcanneitherbeavoidednorfilteredseemsanimpositiononbothplanetaryhygieneandhumancomfort.Breakersofwindsurelycanberequiredtowaituntiltheycananswertheirneedsinprivate;andprosecutedwhentheyfail. Fame.then.toFriendshipHeights.Othertownsshouldtakenote.Iftheyintendtofulfilltheirresponsibilitiestothehealthandwelfareofcitizenstopublicorderandabovealltothepublicstreetsandparkswhoserightstheauthoritiesaresworntoupholdthenthewayaheadisclear. WhichisNOTthepeople’sprivatething
"Iwasaloverbeforethiswar."ThosearethefastwordssungonTVontheRadio’s"ReturntoCookieMountain"oneofthemostwidelypraisedalbumsof2006.Whateverthelinemeanswithintheband’scrypticlyricsitcouldalsoapplytothepastyear’spopularmusic.Thoughtsofromanceviceandcomfortstilldominatedthechartsandtheairwaves.Butamidtheentertainmentsongwriters—includingsomeaimingfortheTop10—werealsograpplingwithawarthatwouldn’tgoaway. Pop’spoliticalconsciousnessrisesineveryelectionyearandmuchasitbecameclearinNovemberthatvotersaretiredofwarmusicin2006alsoreflectedbattlefatigue.Beyondtypicalwartimeattitudesofbelligerenceprotestandyearningforpeacein2006popmovedtowardsomethingdifferent:amoodsomewherebetweenresignationandasiegementality. Songsthattouchedonthewarin2006weresuffusedwiththemournfulandresentfulknowledgethat—sNellYoungtitledthealbumhemadeandrush-releasedinthespring—weare"LivingWithWar"andwillbeforsometime.Awarenessofthewarthrobslikeachronicheadachebehindmorepleasantdistractions. TheculturalresponsetowarinIraqandthewaronterrorism—oneprotractedtheotherpossiblyendless—doesn’thaveanexacthistoricalparallel.UnlikeWorldWarⅡthecurrentsituationhasbroughtlittlenationalunity;unliketheVietnameraourshasnoappreciabledomesticsupportforAmerica’sopponents.IraqmaybeminingintoaquagmireandcivilwarlikeVietnambutthecurrentwarhasnotinspiredtalkofgenerationwiderebellionperhapsbecausethere’snodraftmpityoungagainstoldoranycolorfulpsychedelicallydefiantcounterculture.Thewarsongsofthe21stcenturyhavebeensoberandearnestpragmaticratherthanfanciful. Immediateresponsesto9/11andtotheinvasionofIraqarrivedalongfamiliarlines.Therewasangerandsaber-rattlingatfirstparticularlyincountrymusic:theDixieChicks’careerwasupendedin2003whenNatalieMainesdisparagedthepresidentontheeveoftheIraqinvasion.Therewerefolkyprotestsongsaboutweaponsandoilprofiteeringlike"ThePriceofOil"byBillyBragg;ina21st-centurytouchthereweredenunciationsofnewsmediacomplicityfromsongwritersasvariedasMerleHaggardNellieMcKayandthepunk-rockbandAnti-Flag. Rapperswhowerealreadyslingingwarmetaphorsforeverythingfromrhymebattlestotalesofdrag-dealingcrimesoldierssoonexploitedthemultitudeofrhymesforIraq.whilesome.likeEminemandOutKastalsobluntlyattackedthepresidentandthewar. In2006songwriterswhoUsuallysticktolovesongsfoundthemselvespayingattentiontothewaraswell."Anewyearanewenemy/anothersoldiergonetowar"JohnLegendsingsin"ComingHome"thesongthatendshis2006album"OnceAgain."it’sasoldier’sletterhomewonderingifhisgtrlfriendstillcares."Itseemsthewarswillneverend.butwe’llmakeithomeagain"Mr.Legendcroonsmorewishfulthanconfident. ThemoodofthesongComingHomeis
Overtheyearsasthemusical"Rent"hasreachedmilestoneaftermilestone—playingaround’theworldinmorethan200productionsfromBoisetoLittleRocktoReykjavik—thethousandsofpeoplewhohavebeenaffectedbythisvibrantgrittyandcompassionateworkmaywellwonderwhatitscreatorJonathanLarsonwouldhavethoughtofitall.AnothermilestonecameonMonday.night.TheoriginalBroadwayproductionof"Rent"openedattheNederlanderTheaterl0yearsagothisSaturday.ThatproductiondirectedbyMichaelGreifwasanalmost-intacttransferoftheinitialproductionattheNewYorkTheaterWorkshopwhichhadopenedthreemonthsearlier. Tocelebratetheanniversarytheoriginalcastmembersreassembledrehearsedfortwodaysandperformedtheshowinasemi-stagedversionattheNederlanderonMonday.TheeventwasabenefitfortheNewYorkTheaterWorkshopforFriendsinDeedasupportorganizationthatgavecomforttoseveralofMr.Larson’sfriendsdealingwithH.I.V.infections..andfortheJonathanLarsonPerformingArtsFoundationwhichwassetupbyhisfamilyaftertheenormoussuccessof"Rent". Beforetheperformancetheco-chairmenofthebenefittoldthestar-studdedaudiencethatmorethan$2million’hadbeenraised.AlsoaddressingthecrowdwereSenatorCharlesE.SchumerandMayorMichaelR.Bloombergwhopraised"Rent"asatimelessworkexemplifying"culturecommunityandcreativity"inthemayor’swordsandsalutedtheshow’svastcontributionstoNewYork’stheatricallife. Onceagainyoucouldonlythink"WouldJonathaneverhaveimaginedallthis"Mr.Larsonwhowrotethemusiclyricsandbooksforhisstageworksstruggledformorethan10yearstogetaproducertotakeashotatoneofhisshows.NowhewasbeingposthumouslythankedforgivingBroadwayacreativeandeconomicboost."Rent"istheseventhlongestrunningshowinBroadwayhistory. IcountmyselfamongthosewhowerepersonallyaffectedbyMr.Larson’swork.becauseoftheinadvertentroleIplayedinthelasthoursofhislife.In1996aneditoratTheTimestippedmeofftotheopeningofarockmusicalinspiredby."LaBoheme"whichtransplantedPuccini’sstrugglingbohemiansfromParisinthe1830’stothe‘EastVillagein1990’s.SoonJan.24IwenttotheNewYorkTheaterWorkshopmseethedressrehearsalof"Rent"whichwasscheduledtoopeninFebruary. Thatperformancewasprettyraggedwithtechnicalglitchesandamisbehavingsoundsystem.ButIwassweptawaybythesophisticationandexuberanceofMr.Larson’smusicandthemixoftendernessandclevernessinhislyrics.AftertheshowMr.LarsonandIsatdownforaninterviewinthetinyticketboothofthetheatertheonlyquietspacewecouldfindamidthepost-rehearsalconfusion.Foralmostanhourthissad-eyedandboyish.creatortalkedabouthisapproachtosongwritinghisdeterminationtobringtheAmericanmusicaltraditiontotheMTVgenerationandaboutfriendssnugglingwithH:I.V.infectionwhohadinspiredtheshow. ThewordboostLine4Para.4implies
TothepeopleoftheBijagosarchipelagothesharkissacred.In1ceremoniesyoungmenfromtheseislands2thecoastofGuinea-Bissaumustspearasharkandpresentthelivertotheir3Butcanthisancientceremony4theeconomicfactthatabowlofshark’sfinsoupcancost$150intheFarEast InthearchipelagoandallalongWestAfrica’scoastsharksarebeing"finned"to5Fishermencanearn$50-806akiloofsharks’fins.farmorethanordinaryfish.Bythetimethey7theFarEasttheycouldbe8$500akiloormore.valuable9aphrodisiacsaswellasforgourmets. Thehighdemandis10sharkpopulationsinWestAfricaandelsewhere.Mostfish.vulnerableto11eatenbybiggerfishprotecttheirspeciesbylayingmillionsofeggs.Butthesharkhasnonaturalenemy12man.andgivesbirthtojusta13ofyoung.14femalesharksareoftencaught15pregnanttheresulthasbeenpredictablydisastrous.Shark-likesawfishwhicharealso"finned".arealreadyvirtually16offtheBijagosislandsandguitarfishare17threat. InsomepartsofWestAfricawhensharksandothersimilarfishhavebeenfinnedtherestofthefleshisoften18saltedandexportedtoplaceslikeGhanawherethereisa19forlt.Driedsharkisusedmuch20astockcubewouldbeelsewhere.ButintheBijagosislandswheretradersareuninterestedinexportingdriedsharkcarcassesareoftenlefttorotonthebeach. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.16
TothepeopleoftheBijagosarchipelagothesharkissacred.In1ceremoniesyoungmenfromtheseislands2thecoastofGuinea-Bissaumustspearasharkandpresentthelivertotheir3Butcanthisancientceremony4theeconomicfactthatabowlofshark’sfinsoupcancost$150intheFarEast InthearchipelagoandallalongWestAfrica’scoastsharksarebeing"finned"to5Fishermencanearn$50-806akiloofsharks’fins.farmorethanordinaryfish.Bythetimethey7theFarEasttheycouldbe8$500akiloormore.valuable9aphrodisiacsaswellasforgourmets. Thehighdemandis10sharkpopulationsinWestAfricaandelsewhere.Mostfish.vulnerableto11eatenbybiggerfishprotecttheirspeciesbylayingmillionsofeggs.Butthesharkhasnonaturalenemy12man.andgivesbirthtojusta13ofyoung.14femalesharksareoftencaught15pregnanttheresulthasbeenpredictablydisastrous.Shark-likesawfishwhicharealso"finned".arealreadyvirtually16offtheBijagosislandsandguitarfishare17threat. InsomepartsofWestAfricawhensharksandothersimilarfishhavebeenfinnedtherestofthefleshisoften18saltedandexportedtoplaceslikeGhanawherethereisa19forlt.Driedsharkisusedmuch20astockcubewouldbeelsewhere.ButintheBijagosislandswheretradersareuninterestedinexportingdriedsharkcarcassesareoftenlefttorotonthebeach. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.12
A公司购买了1250000法郎的卖出期权合同期权费为每法郎0.01美元如果约定价格为0.22＄/FF到期日即期汇率为0.21＄/FF则A公司的利润/损失是多少
Nothinghascometoembodycorporategreedlikeexecutiveperks:thecorporatejetschauffeuredlimousinesandcountry-clubmembershipsthatbossesconsumeinaseeminglydeliberateattempttooutragepublicopinion.NotfornothingbasWarrenBuffett.Omaha’scelebratedinvestornamedhiscorporatejet"TheIndefensible". Theusualexplanationfortheperkisthatitisaratherenjoyablewayforcorporateinsiderstomisappropriateshareholders’money.46Becauseperksarepoorlydisclosedshareholdershavenowayofknowingwhenthebossislivingitupattheirexpense.Thishasledtothetheorythatperk-ladenexecutivesarelikeliesttobefoundinfirmswithlotsofcash.butfewinvestmentprospects. ButinarecentpaperRaghuramRajahtheIMF’schiefeconomistandJulieWulfoftheWhartonSchoollookedathowmorethan300bigcompaniesdishedoutperkstotheirexecutivesin1986-99.47Itturnsoutthatneithercash-richlow-growthfirmsnorfirmswithweakgovernanceshowertheirexecutiveswithunusuallygenerousperks.Theauthorsdid.howeverfindevidencetosupporttwocompetingexplanations. 48Firstfirmsinthesamplewithmorehierarchicalorganisationslavishedmoreperksontheirexecutivesthanfirmswithflatterstructures.WhyPerksareacheapwaytodemonstratestares.Justasthearmedforcesrationmedalsfirmsrationthedistributionofconspicuoussymbolsofcorporatestatus.Secondperksareacheapwaytoboostexecutiveproductivity.49Firmsbasedinplaceswhereittakesalongtimetocommutearemorelikelytogivethebossachauffeuredlimousine.Firmslocatedfarfromlargeairportsarelikeliertolayonacorporatejet. Sothereitis.ThebossneedshisluxurypadonFifthAvenueandhischauffeuredstretch-limobecausehemightotherwisedolesswork.50Makingitharderforthebosstoconsumeconspicuouslyrisksdangerousanarchyasbereftofitssymbolsofcorporatestatusthefirm’shierarchycollapsesintoamuddledheap.PerhapsinlightofthesefindingsMr.Buffettshouldcallhisnextjet"TheIndispensable". Makingitharderforthebosstoconsumeconspicuouslyrisksdangerousanarchyasbereftofitssymbolsofcorporatestatusthefirm’shierarchycollapsesintoamuddledheap.
TothepeopleoftheBijagosarchipelagothesharkissacred.In1ceremoniesyoungmenfromtheseislands2thecoastofGuinea-Bissaumustspearasharkandpresentthelivertotheir3Butcanthisancientceremony4theeconomicfactthatabowlofshark’sfinsoupcancost$150intheFarEast InthearchipelagoandallalongWestAfrica’scoastsharksarebeing"finned"to5Fishermencanearn$50-806akiloofsharks’fins.farmorethanordinaryfish.Bythetimethey7theFarEasttheycouldbe8$500akiloormore.valuable9aphrodisiacsaswellasforgourmets. Thehighdemandis10sharkpopulationsinWestAfricaandelsewhere.Mostfish.vulnerableto11eatenbybiggerfishprotecttheirspeciesbylayingmillionsofeggs.Butthesharkhasnonaturalenemy12man.andgivesbirthtojusta13ofyoung.14femalesharksareoftencaught15pregnanttheresulthasbeenpredictablydisastrous.Shark-likesawfishwhicharealso"finned".arealreadyvirtually16offtheBijagosislandsandguitarfishare17threat. InsomepartsofWestAfricawhensharksandothersimilarfishhavebeenfinnedtherestofthefleshisoften18saltedandexportedtoplaceslikeGhanawherethereisa19forlt.Driedsharkisusedmuch20astockcubewouldbeelsewhere.ButintheBijagosislandswheretradersareuninterestedinexportingdriedsharkcarcassesareoftenlefttorotonthebeach. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.8
TothepeopleoftheBijagosarchipelagothesharkissacred.In1ceremoniesyoungmenfromtheseislands2thecoastofGuinea-Bissaumustspearasharkandpresentthelivertotheir3Butcanthisancientceremony4theeconomicfactthatabowlofshark’sfinsoupcancost$150intheFarEast InthearchipelagoandallalongWestAfrica’scoastsharksarebeing"finned"to5Fishermencanearn$50-806akiloofsharks’fins.farmorethanordinaryfish.Bythetimethey7theFarEasttheycouldbe8$500akiloormore.valuable9aphrodisiacsaswellasforgourmets. Thehighdemandis10sharkpopulationsinWestAfricaandelsewhere.Mostfish.vulnerableto11eatenbybiggerfishprotecttheirspeciesbylayingmillionsofeggs.Butthesharkhasnonaturalenemy12man.andgivesbirthtojusta13ofyoung.14femalesharksareoftencaught15pregnanttheresulthasbeenpredictablydisastrous.Shark-likesawfishwhicharealso"finned".arealreadyvirtually16offtheBijagosislandsandguitarfishare17threat. InsomepartsofWestAfricawhensharksandothersimilarfishhavebeenfinnedtherestofthefleshisoften18saltedandexportedtoplaceslikeGhanawherethereisa19forlt.Driedsharkisusedmuch20astockcubewouldbeelsewhere.ButintheBijagosislandswheretradersareuninterestedinexportingdriedsharkcarcassesareoftenlefttorotonthebeach. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.2
TothepeopleoftheBijagosarchipelagothesharkissacred.In1ceremoniesyoungmenfromtheseislands2thecoastofGuinea-Bissaumustspearasharkandpresentthelivertotheir3Butcanthisancientceremony4theeconomicfactthatabowlofshark’sfinsoupcancost$150intheFarEast InthearchipelagoandallalongWestAfrica’scoastsharksarebeing"finned"to5Fishermencanearn$50-806akiloofsharks’fins.farmorethanordinaryfish.Bythetimethey7theFarEasttheycouldbe8$500akiloormore.valuable9aphrodisiacsaswellasforgourmets. Thehighdemandis10sharkpopulationsinWestAfricaandelsewhere.Mostfish.vulnerableto11eatenbybiggerfishprotecttheirspeciesbylayingmillionsofeggs.Butthesharkhasnonaturalenemy12man.andgivesbirthtojusta13ofyoung.14femalesharksareoftencaught15pregnanttheresulthasbeenpredictablydisastrous.Shark-likesawfishwhicharealso"finned".arealreadyvirtually16offtheBijagosislandsandguitarfishare17threat. InsomepartsofWestAfricawhensharksandothersimilarfishhavebeenfinnedtherestofthefleshisoften18saltedandexportedtoplaceslikeGhanawherethereisa19forlt.Driedsharkisusedmuch20astockcubewouldbeelsewhere.ButintheBijagosislandswheretradersareuninterestedinexportingdriedsharkcarcassesareoftenlefttorotonthebeach. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.14
Overtheyearsasthemusical"Rent"hasreachedmilestoneaftermilestone—playingaround’theworldinmorethan200productionsfromBoisetoLittleRocktoReykjavik—thethousandsofpeoplewhohavebeenaffectedbythisvibrantgrittyandcompassionateworkmaywellwonderwhatitscreatorJonathanLarsonwouldhavethoughtofitall.AnothermilestonecameonMonday.night.TheoriginalBroadwayproductionof"Rent"openedattheNederlanderTheaterl0yearsagothisSaturday.ThatproductiondirectedbyMichaelGreifwasanalmost-intacttransferoftheinitialproductionattheNewYorkTheaterWorkshopwhichhadopenedthreemonthsearlier. Tocelebratetheanniversarytheoriginalcastmembersreassembledrehearsedfortwodaysandperformedtheshowinasemi-stagedversionattheNederlanderonMonday.TheeventwasabenefitfortheNewYorkTheaterWorkshopforFriendsinDeedasupportorganizationthatgavecomforttoseveralofMr.Larson’sfriendsdealingwithH.I.V.infections..andfortheJonathanLarsonPerformingArtsFoundationwhichwassetupbyhisfamilyaftertheenormoussuccessof"Rent". Beforetheperformancetheco-chairmenofthebenefittoldthestar-studdedaudiencethatmorethan$2million’hadbeenraised.AlsoaddressingthecrowdwereSenatorCharlesE.SchumerandMayorMichaelR.Bloombergwhopraised"Rent"asatimelessworkexemplifying"culturecommunityandcreativity"inthemayor’swordsandsalutedtheshow’svastcontributionstoNewYork’stheatricallife. Onceagainyoucouldonlythink"WouldJonathaneverhaveimaginedallthis"Mr.Larsonwhowrotethemusiclyricsandbooksforhisstageworksstruggledformorethan10yearstogetaproducertotakeashotatoneofhisshows.NowhewasbeingposthumouslythankedforgivingBroadwayacreativeandeconomicboost."Rent"istheseventhlongestrunningshowinBroadwayhistory. IcountmyselfamongthosewhowerepersonallyaffectedbyMr.Larson’swork.becauseoftheinadvertentroleIplayedinthelasthoursofhislife.In1996aneditoratTheTimestippedmeofftotheopeningofarockmusicalinspiredby."LaBoheme"whichtransplantedPuccini’sstrugglingbohemiansfromParisinthe1830’stothe‘EastVillagein1990’s.SoonJan.24IwenttotheNewYorkTheaterWorkshopmseethedressrehearsalof"Rent"whichwasscheduledtoopeninFebruary. Thatperformancewasprettyraggedwithtechnicalglitchesandamisbehavingsoundsystem.ButIwassweptawaybythesophisticationandexuberanceofMr.Larson’smusicandthemixoftendernessandclevernessinhislyrics.AftertheshowMr.LarsonandIsatdownforaninterviewinthetinyticketboothofthetheatertheonlyquietspacewecouldfindamidthepost-rehearsalconfusion.Foralmostanhourthissad-eyedandboyish.creatortalkedabouthisapproachtosongwritinghisdeterminationtobringtheAmericanmusicaltraditiontotheMTVgenerationandaboutfriendssnugglingwithH:I.V.infectionwhohadinspiredtheshow. Thefactthattheoriginalproductionwasanalmost-intacttransferoftheinitialproductionattheNewYorkTheaterWorkshopimpliesthat
TothepeopleoftheBijagosarchipelagothesharkissacred.In1ceremoniesyoungmenfromtheseislands2thecoastofGuinea-Bissaumustspearasharkandpresentthelivertotheir3Butcanthisancientceremony4theeconomicfactthatabowlofshark’sfinsoupcancost$150intheFarEast InthearchipelagoandallalongWestAfrica’scoastsharksarebeing"finned"to5Fishermencanearn$50-806akiloofsharks’fins.farmorethanordinaryfish.Bythetimethey7theFarEasttheycouldbe8$500akiloormore.valuable9aphrodisiacsaswellasforgourmets. Thehighdemandis10sharkpopulationsinWestAfricaandelsewhere.Mostfish.vulnerableto11eatenbybiggerfishprotecttheirspeciesbylayingmillionsofeggs.Butthesharkhasnonaturalenemy12man.andgivesbirthtojusta13ofyoung.14femalesharksareoftencaught15pregnanttheresulthasbeenpredictablydisastrous.Shark-likesawfishwhicharealso"finned".arealreadyvirtually16offtheBijagosislandsandguitarfishare17threat. InsomepartsofWestAfricawhensharksandothersimilarfishhavebeenfinnedtherestofthefleshisoften18saltedandexportedtoplaceslikeGhanawherethereisa19forlt.Driedsharkisusedmuch20astockcubewouldbeelsewhere.ButintheBijagosislandswheretradersareuninterestedinexportingdriedsharkcarcassesareoftenlefttorotonthebeach. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.18
纽约外汇市场GBP/USD=2.2010/15伦敦外汇市场GBP/USD=2.2020/25如不考虑套汇成本请问如何在此市场条件下进行套汇100万英镑的套汇利润为多少
试比较不同汇率制度下的国际收支自动调节机制
Nothinghascometoembodycorporategreedlikeexecutiveperks:thecorporatejetschauffeuredlimousinesandcountry-clubmembershipsthatbossesconsumeinaseeminglydeliberateattempttooutragepublicopinion.NotfornothingbasWarrenBuffett.Omaha’scelebratedinvestornamedhiscorporatejet"TheIndefensible". Theusualexplanationfortheperkisthatitisaratherenjoyablewayforcorporateinsiderstomisappropriateshareholders’money.46Becauseperksarepoorlydisclosedshareholdershavenowayofknowingwhenthebossislivingitupattheirexpense.Thishasledtothetheorythatperk-ladenexecutivesarelikeliesttobefoundinfirmswithlotsofcash.butfewinvestmentprospects. ButinarecentpaperRaghuramRajahtheIMF’schiefeconomistandJulieWulfoftheWhartonSchoollookedathowmorethan300bigcompaniesdishedoutperkstotheirexecutivesin1986-99.47Itturnsoutthatneithercash-richlow-growthfirmsnorfirmswithweakgovernanceshowertheirexecutiveswithunusuallygenerousperks.Theauthorsdid.howeverfindevidencetosupporttwocompetingexplanations. 48Firstfirmsinthesamplewithmorehierarchicalorganisationslavishedmoreperksontheirexecutivesthanfirmswithflatterstructures.WhyPerksareacheapwaytodemonstratestares.Justasthearmedforcesrationmedalsfirmsrationthedistributionofconspicuoussymbolsofcorporatestatus.Secondperksareacheapwaytoboostexecutiveproductivity.49Firmsbasedinplaceswhereittakesalongtimetocommutearemorelikelytogivethebossachauffeuredlimousine.Firmslocatedfarfromlargeairportsarelikeliertolayonacorporatejet. Sothereitis.ThebossneedshisluxurypadonFifthAvenueandhischauffeuredstretch-limobecausehemightotherwisedolesswork.50Makingitharderforthebosstoconsumeconspicuouslyrisksdangerousanarchyasbereftofitssymbolsofcorporatestatusthefirm’shierarchycollapsesintoamuddledheap.PerhapsinlightofthesefindingsMr.Buffettshouldcallhisnextjet"TheIndispensable". Becauseperksarepoorlydisclosedshareholdershavenowayofknowingwhenthebossislivingitupattheirexpense.
Nothinghascometoembodycorporategreedlikeexecutiveperks:thecorporatejetschauffeuredlimousinesandcountry-clubmembershipsthatbossesconsumeinaseeminglydeliberateattempttooutragepublicopinion.NotfornothingbasWarrenBuffett.Omaha’scelebratedinvestornamedhiscorporatejet"TheIndefensible". Theusualexplanationfortheperkisthatitisaratherenjoyablewayforcorporateinsiderstomisappropriateshareholders’money.46Becauseperksarepoorlydisclosedshareholdershavenowayofknowingwhenthebossislivingitupattheirexpense.Thishasledtothetheorythatperk-ladenexecutivesarelikeliesttobefoundinfirmswithlotsofcash.butfewinvestmentprospects. ButinarecentpaperRaghuramRajahtheIMF’schiefeconomistandJulieWulfoftheWhartonSchoollookedathowmorethan300bigcompaniesdishedoutperkstotheirexecutivesin1986-99.47Itturnsoutthatneithercash-richlow-growthfirmsnorfirmswithweakgovernanceshowertheirexecutiveswithunusuallygenerousperks.Theauthorsdid.howeverfindevidencetosupporttwocompetingexplanations. 48Firstfirmsinthesamplewithmorehierarchicalorganisationslavishedmoreperksontheirexecutivesthanfirmswithflatterstructures.WhyPerksareacheapwaytodemonstratestares.Justasthearmedforcesrationmedalsfirmsrationthedistributionofconspicuoussymbolsofcorporatestatus.Secondperksareacheapwaytoboostexecutiveproductivity.49Firmsbasedinplaceswhereittakesalongtimetocommutearemorelikelytogivethebossachauffeuredlimousine.Firmslocatedfarfromlargeairportsarelikeliertolayonacorporatejet. Sothereitis.ThebossneedshisluxurypadonFifthAvenueandhischauffeuredstretch-limobecausehemightotherwisedolesswork.50Makingitharderforthebosstoconsumeconspicuouslyrisksdangerousanarchyasbereftofitssymbolsofcorporatestatusthefirm’shierarchycollapsesintoamuddledheap.PerhapsinlightofthesefindingsMr.Buffettshouldcallhisnextjet"TheIndispensable". Firstfirmsinthesamplewithmorehierarchicalorganisationslavishedmoreperksontheirexecutivesthanfirmswithflatterstructures.
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