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引起胃火的病因有
邪热犯胃
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胃病日久
引起鼻渊的常见病因病机是
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胃痞的常见病因有
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Successitisoftensaidhasmanyfathers--andoneofthemanyfathersofcomputingthatmostsuccessfulofindustrieswasCharlesBabbagea19th-centuryBritishmathematician.ExasperatedbyerrorsinthemathematicaltablesthatwerewidelyusedascalculationaidsatthetimeBabbagedreamedofbuildingamechanicalenginethatcouldproduceflawlesstablesautomatically.Buthisattemptstomakesuchamachineinthe1920sfailedandthesignificanceofhisworkwasonlyrediscoveredthiscentury. Nextyearatlastthefirstsetofprintedtablesshouldemergefromacalculating"differenceengine"builttoBabbage’sdesign.Babbagewillhavebeenvindicated.Buttherealizationofhisdreamwillalsounderscoretheextenttowhichhewasamanbornaheadofhistime. TheefforttoprovethatBabbage’sdesignswerelogicallyandpracticallysoundbeganin1985whenateamofresearchersattheScienceMuseuminLondonsetouttobuildadifferenceengineintimeforthe200thanniversaryofBabbage’sbirthin1992.Theteamledbythemuseum’scuratorofcomputingDoronSwadeconstructedamonstrousdeviceofbronzeironandsteel.Itwas11feetlongsevenfeettallweighedthreetonscostaround$500000andtookayeartopiecetogether.Anditworkedperfectlycrankingoutsuccessivevaluesofseventh-orderpolynomialequationsto:31significantfigures.Butitwasincomplete.Tosavemoneyanentiresectionofthemachinetheprinterwasomitted. ToBabbagetheprinterwasavitalpartofdesign.Eveniftheengineproducedthecorrectanswerstherewasstilltheriskthatatranscriptionortypesettingerrorwouldresultinthefinishedmathematicaltablesbeinginaccurate.Theonlywaytoguaranteeerror-freetableswastoautomatetheprintingprocessaswell.Sohisplansincludedspecificationsforaprinteralmostascomplicatedasthecalculatingengineitselfwithadjustablemarginstwoseparatefontsandtheabilitytoprintintwothreeorfourcolumns. InJanuaryafteryearsofsearchingforasponsorfortheprintertheScienceMuseumannouncedthatabackerhadbeenfound.NathanMyhrvoldthechieftechnologyofficeratMicrosoftagreedtopayforitsconstructionwhichisexpectedtocost$373000withoneProviso:thattheScienceMuseumteamwouldbuildhimanidenticalcalculatingengineandprintertodecoratehisnewhomeonLakeWashingtonnearSeattle.Constructionoftheprinterwillbegin--infullviewofthepublic--attheScienceMuseumlaterthismonth.Thefullmachinewillbecompletednextyear. ItisaniceironythatBabbage’splansshouldberealizedonlythankstoaninfusionofcashfromamanwhogotrichinthecomputerrevolutionthatBabbagehelpedtofoment.Morestrikingstillevenusing20th-centurymanufacturingtechnologytheenginewillhavecostover$830000tobuild.AllowingforinflationthisisroughlyathirdofwhatitmighthavecosttobuildinBabbage’sday-incontrasttothecostofelectronic-computertechnologywhichhalvesinpriceevery18months.ThatsuggeststhatevenhadBabbagesucceededaVictoriancomputerrevolutionbasedonmechanicaltechnologywouldnotnecessarilyhavefollowed. ResearchersbuiltthecalculatingdifferenceengineaccordingtoBabbage’sdesigninordertoshowthat
温脾汤的组成药物中不含
Directions: ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonAnswerSheet2. Forthefirsttimeindecadesdoctorshavebegunmakingmajorchangesinthetreatmentoflungcancerbasedonresearchprovingthatchemotherapycansignificantlylengthenlifeformanypatientsforwhomitwaspreviouslythoughttobeuseless. Theshiftincareappliestoabout50000peopleayearintheUnitedStateswhohaveearlycasesofthemostcommonformofthediseasenon-small-celllungcancerandwhosetumorsareremovedbysurgery.46Manyofthesepatientswhojustafewyearsagowouldhavebeentreatedwithsurgeryalonearenowbeinggivenchemotherapyaswelljustasitisroutinelygivenaftersurgeryforbreastorcolon结肠cancer.Thenewapproachhasbrightenedapicturethatwasoftenbleak. "Thebenefitisatleastasgoodandmaybebetterthanintheothercancers"saidDr.JohnMinnaalungcancerexpertandresearchdirectorattheUniversityofTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenterinDallas.Hesaidnewdiscoverieswerehelpingtoeliminatedoctors’"nihilistic"attitudesaboutchemotherapyforlungcancer. "Thestandardofcarehaschanged"saidDr.ChristopherG.AzzolialungcancerspecialistatMemorialSloan-KetteringCancerCenterinNewYork. 47Amajorimpetusforthechangecameayearagowhentwostudiespresentedatacancerconferenceshowedmarkedincreasesinsurvivalinpatientswhoreceivedadjuvant辅助的chemotherapymeaningthedrugsweregivenaftersurgery.Inonestudyof482patientsinCanadaandtheUnitedStatesledbyDr.TimothyWintonasurgeonfromtheUniversityofAlberta69percentofpatientswhohadsurgeryandchemotherapywerestillalivefiveyearslaterascomparedwith54percentwhohadjustsurgery.Thepatientsweregivenacombinationoftwodrugscisplatinandvinorelbineonceaweekfor16weeks. Intheworldoflungcancerresearchasurvivaldifferenceof15percentagepointsisenormous.48Overallthepatientsgivenchemotherapylived94monthsversus73monthsinthosewhohadonlysurgery--alsoahugedifferenceinafieldinwhichatreatmentishailedasasuccessifitgivespatientseventhreeorfourextramonths. AsecondstudyalsoannouncedattheconferencelastyearhadsimilarfindingsandsodidathirdpresentedjustamonthagoattheannualmeetingofthesamecancergrouptheAmericanSocietyofClinicalOncology Atmajormedicalcentersdoctorsquicklybegantoputtheresultsintopractice. 49"Thefindingsweresostunningfromthesestudiesayearagothattheybegantochangethestandardofcare"saidDr.PasiJannealungcancerspecialistatthe-DanaFarberCancerInstituteinBoston."Overthelastyearthenumberofpatientswe’vehadreferredhereforadjuvantchemotherapyhasgoneupsteadily." 50ButsomedoctorshesitatedtomakechangesDr.Wintonsaidwantingfirsttoseethestudiespublishedinamedicaljournalwhichwouldmeanthedatahadstooduptothescrutiny仔细的检查ofeditorsandexpertreviewers. Nowhisstudyhasbecomethefirstofthethreetopassthattest.ItisbeingpublishedtodayinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinealongwithaneditorialbyDr.KatherineM.S.PistersalungcancerspecialistattheM.D.AndersonCancerCenterinHouston. Manyofthesepatientswhojustafewyearsagowouldhavebeentreatedwithsurgeryalonearenowbeinggivenchemotherapyaswelljustasitisroutinelygivenaftersurgeryforbreastorcolon结肠cancer.
Successitisoftensaidhasmanyfathers--andoneofthemanyfathersofcomputingthatmostsuccessfulofindustrieswasCharlesBabbagea19th-centuryBritishmathematician.ExasperatedbyerrorsinthemathematicaltablesthatwerewidelyusedascalculationaidsatthetimeBabbagedreamedofbuildingamechanicalenginethatcouldproduceflawlesstablesautomatically.Buthisattemptstomakesuchamachineinthe1920sfailedandthesignificanceofhisworkwasonlyrediscoveredthiscentury. Nextyearatlastthefirstsetofprintedtablesshouldemergefromacalculating"differenceengine"builttoBabbage’sdesign.Babbagewillhavebeenvindicated.Buttherealizationofhisdreamwillalsounderscoretheextenttowhichhewasamanbornaheadofhistime. TheefforttoprovethatBabbage’sdesignswerelogicallyandpracticallysoundbeganin1985whenateamofresearchersattheScienceMuseuminLondonsetouttobuildadifferenceengineintimeforthe200thanniversaryofBabbage’sbirthin1992.Theteamledbythemuseum’scuratorofcomputingDoronSwadeconstructedamonstrousdeviceofbronzeironandsteel.Itwas11feetlongsevenfeettallweighedthreetonscostaround$500000andtookayeartopiecetogether.Anditworkedperfectlycrankingoutsuccessivevaluesofseventh-orderpolynomialequationsto:31significantfigures.Butitwasincomplete.Tosavemoneyanentiresectionofthemachinetheprinterwasomitted. ToBabbagetheprinterwasavitalpartofdesign.Eveniftheengineproducedthecorrectanswerstherewasstilltheriskthatatranscriptionortypesettingerrorwouldresultinthefinishedmathematicaltablesbeinginaccurate.Theonlywaytoguaranteeerror-freetableswastoautomatetheprintingprocessaswell.Sohisplansincludedspecificationsforaprinteralmostascomplicatedasthecalculatingengineitselfwithadjustablemarginstwoseparatefontsandtheabilitytoprintintwothreeorfourcolumns. InJanuaryafteryearsofsearchingforasponsorfortheprintertheScienceMuseumannouncedthatabackerhadbeenfound.NathanMyhrvoldthechieftechnologyofficeratMicrosoftagreedtopayforitsconstructionwhichisexpectedtocost$373000withoneProviso:thattheScienceMuseumteamwouldbuildhimanidenticalcalculatingengineandprintertodecoratehisnewhomeonLakeWashingtonnearSeattle.Constructionoftheprinterwillbegin--infullviewofthepublic--attheScienceMuseumlaterthismonth.Thefullmachinewillbecompletednextyear. ItisaniceironythatBabbage’splansshouldberealizedonlythankstoaninfusionofcashfromamanwhogotrichinthecomputerrevolutionthatBabbagehelpedtofoment.Morestrikingstillevenusing20th-centurymanufacturingtechnologytheenginewillhavecostover$830000tobuild.AllowingforinflationthisisroughlyathirdofwhatitmighthavecosttobuildinBabbage’sday-incontrasttothecostofelectronic-computertechnologywhichhalvesinpriceevery18months.ThatsuggeststhatevenhadBabbagesucceededaVictoriancomputerrevolutionbasedonmechanicaltechnologywouldnotnecessarilyhavefollowed. Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage
Britain’sbosseswouldhaveyoubelievethatbusinessinBritainisgroaningunderredtapeandpunitivetaxlevelsinhibitingenterpriseandputtingBritishfirmsatadisadvantagecomparedwithoverseascompetitors. AsusualrealitypaintsafardifferentpicturefromthetawdryimagescrawledbytheCBIandToryfrontbenchers.NotonlydoBritishbusinessespaylowerlevelsofcorporationtaxthantheircounterpartsabroadbuttheybenefitfromthemostsavagelegalhamstringingoftradeunionism. ButboardroomfatcatsinBritainhaveonefurtheradvantageovertheircompetitorswhichistheirtotalinabilitytofeelanysenseofshame. Therelativelypoorperformancesincethe1990sofpensioninvestmentfundsoverseenbythetopcompaniesthemselveshasbroughtaboutawide-rangingcullofoccupationalpensionschemes.Finalsalaryschemeshavebeenaxedinfavourofmoneypurchaseorhavebeenbarredtonewemployeesandinmanycompaniesstaffhavebeentoldthattheywillhavetoincreasepensionsfundpaymentstoensurepreviouslyguaranteedbenefits. Atatimewhenthegovernmenthasbeendeliberatelyrunningdownthevalueofthestateretirementpensionanddrivingpensionerstowardsmeans-testedbenefitstheincreasinglyshakynatureofoccupationalschemeshasbroughtabouthigherlevelsofinsecurityamongworkingpeople. Howeverit’snotalldoomandgloom.Thereisasilverlining. Unfortunatelythatsilverliningdoesn’tshinetoobrightlyoutsidethecorridorsofcorporatepowerwheredirectorsaredoingwhattheyarebestat--lookingafternumberone.Bossesarenotonlyslurpinguphugesalarieseach-waybonusesandgoldenparachutes.TheyhavealsoasTUCgeneralsecretaryBrendanBarbersaysgot"theirsnoutsinapensionstrough." Ifhavingcontributionsworthone-thirtiethoftheirsalaryeachyearpaidintoapensionschemeisgoodenoughfordirectorswhydomostworkersonlyreceiveone-sixtiethAndifcompaniesonlydonate6percentofanemployee’ssalaryformoneypurchaseschemeswhydotheygive20～30percentfordirectors’schemes TheanswerwhichwillbenosecrettomanytradeUnionistsisthatweliveinaclassdividedsocietyinwhichbigbusinessandtherichcalltheshots. TheChildPovertyActionGrouprevelationthatBritainalsohastheworstregionalsocialinequalityintheindustrialisedworld--secondonlytoMexico--illustrateshowfatuousareclaimsthatthiscountryenjoyssocialjusticeandopportunitiesforall.ThestarkfactsofinequalityBasedonclassgenderageandracethatareoutlinedintheCPAGPovertybookoughttodictateanewgovernmentapproachtotacklingpoverty. InequalityandpovertycannotbetackledbyallowingBigbusinessandtherichtododgetheirresponsibilitiestosocietyandtousetheirpositionsofpowertoseizethelion’sshare. WhatdoestheauthorimplybyThereisasilverlining.Para.6
黄龙汤的组成药物中不包括
以下哪项不属于麻黄汤证的病机
灵枢·刺节真邪篇说用针之类在于
临证指南医案指出内风的机理属于
Directions: Youaregoingtoreadatextoftipsoninterviewfollowedbyalistofexplanationsorexamples.Choosethebestexplanation/examplefromthelistA--Fforeachnumberedsubheading41--45.Thereisoneextraexplanation/examplewhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheet1. Attirebodylanguageandmannerscountduringinterviews.Afterallinterviewersareregularpeopleliketherestofuseasilyimpressedbygoodbehaviorandjustaseasilyoffendedbyinappropriatebehavior.Yetsurveysshowthatjobcandidates’interviewmannersandotherprofessionalismsareonthedecline. Onthenextpagesaretipsforactingprofessionallybeforeduringandafterinterviewstoavoidoffendinginterviewersandincreaseyourchancesoflandingajob.Formoreinterviewtipsandotherjob-searchinghelpclickonthelinksinthesidebarunderRelatedResources.TheseinterviewtipsarebasedongoodmannersintheUnitedStates.Goodmannersareappreciatedeverywherebutwhatconstitutesthenmaydifferamongothercountries. 41.Doyourhomework: Researchthecompanyandstudythejobdescriptionbeforeyouinterviewasyourinterviewerwilllikelyaskwhatyouknowaboutthecompanyandwhyyouwantthejob. 42.Getyourpersonalpapersready: Collectandneatlyarrangeyourimportantpapersandworksamplesinanicebriefcaseorportfolio. Dressappropriately: Practicegoodhygienecomborbrushyourhairanddressappropriately.Evenifyouknowthatthecompanydressisbusiness-casualdressupanyway.Itshowsprofessionalismandrespectandmostimportantlythatyouknowhowtodressforinterviews. 43.Bepunctual: Unlessotherwiseinstructede.g.tofilloutajobapplicationarrivefivetotenminutesearlyfortheinterview; Sitwithgoodpasture: Ifyoudon’tknowwhattodowithyourhandskeepthemfoldedinyourlap.Thisisanotherindicationofgoodmanners.Avoidcrossingyourarmsoveryourchestyasitsubliminallydemonstratesaclosedmindtosome. 44.Readthemood: 45.Maintaineyecontact: Maintaineyecontactwiththeinterviewer. It’sokaytoaskquestionstobetteranswerthequestionstheinterviewerasksyou.Butwithholdthebulkofyourquestionsuntiltheinterviewerasksifyouhaveanywhichistypicallytowardtheendoftheinterview.Avoidaskingthefrivolousjustbecauseinterviewersexpectyoutohavequestions.Insteadaskaboutimportantmatterssuchasjobdutiesmanagementstyleandthefinancialhealthofthecompany.It’snotagoodideatoaskquestionsaboutvacationsickdayslunchbreaksandsoonrightoffthebat.Askaboutthelessermattersofimportanceduringfollow-upinterviews. Typicallyyou’llnegotiatesalarybenefitsperksandsuchinafollow-upinterview.Regardlessdon’tbringitupuntilaskedyetbereadytodiscussitatanytime. A.Thismakesyoulookorganizedandprofessional.Remembertopackrelevantdocumentssuchasextraresumesandreferencelistsimmigrantwork-authorizationpaperslettersofrecommendationandinformationrequiredonjobapplications.Bringatleastonepenandpencilandanotepadtoo. B.Iftheinterviewerisformalthenyouprobablyshouldbetoo.Iftheintervieweriscasualthenfollowalongwhileremainingcourteousandprofessional.Ineithercasetrytoappeartoberelaxedbutnottoorelaxed.It’snotagoodideatoputyourfeetupontheinterviewer’sdesk! C.Avoidstaringoryoumightmaketheintervieweruncomfortablebutdon’tlookawaytooofteneither.Tosomefailuretomaintainacomfortablelevelofeyecontactindicatesthatyouarelyingreachingforanswersorlackingconfidence. D.Italsohelpsyoutoformulatequestionsaboutthecompanyandjob.Interviewerstypicallyexpectyoutoasksuchquestions. E.Ifit’spossiblewithoutmakingacommotionscootyourchairalittleclosertotheinterviewer’sdeskortakethechairclosettothedesklikeyou’rereadytodiverightin.Thisshowsinterestandconfidence.Butdon’tinvadetheinterviewer’spersonalspaceaperimeterofabouttwofeetbyU.8.standards. F.Thisshowsthatyouareeagerandpunctual.Ifyou’renotatleastfiveminutesearlyforaninterviewyou’refiveminuteslate!Butdon’tarrivemorethantenminutesearlyaaitmightbeinconvenientforyourinterviewers.Definitelydon’tbelate! 44
Britain’sbosseswouldhaveyoubelievethatbusinessinBritainisgroaningunderredtapeandpunitivetaxlevelsinhibitingenterpriseandputtingBritishfirmsatadisadvantagecomparedwithoverseascompetitors. AsusualrealitypaintsafardifferentpicturefromthetawdryimagescrawledbytheCBIandToryfrontbenchers.NotonlydoBritishbusinessespaylowerlevelsofcorporationtaxthantheircounterpartsabroadbuttheybenefitfromthemostsavagelegalhamstringingoftradeunionism. ButboardroomfatcatsinBritainhaveonefurtheradvantageovertheircompetitorswhichistheirtotalinabilitytofeelanysenseofshame. Therelativelypoorperformancesincethe1990sofpensioninvestmentfundsoverseenbythetopcompaniesthemselveshasbroughtaboutawide-rangingcullofoccupationalpensionschemes.Finalsalaryschemeshavebeenaxedinfavourofmoneypurchaseorhavebeenbarredtonewemployeesandinmanycompaniesstaffhavebeentoldthattheywillhavetoincreasepensionsfundpaymentstoensurepreviouslyguaranteedbenefits. Atatimewhenthegovernmenthasbeendeliberatelyrunningdownthevalueofthestateretirementpensionanddrivingpensionerstowardsmeans-testedbenefitstheincreasinglyshakynatureofoccupationalschemeshasbroughtabouthigherlevelsofinsecurityamongworkingpeople. Howeverit’snotalldoomandgloom.Thereisasilverlining. Unfortunatelythatsilverliningdoesn’tshinetoobrightlyoutsidethecorridorsofcorporatepowerwheredirectorsaredoingwhattheyarebestat--lookingafternumberone.Bossesarenotonlyslurpinguphugesalarieseach-waybonusesandgoldenparachutes.TheyhavealsoasTUCgeneralsecretaryBrendanBarbersaysgot"theirsnoutsinapensionstrough." Ifhavingcontributionsworthone-thirtiethoftheirsalaryeachyearpaidintoapensionschemeisgoodenoughfordirectorswhydomostworkersonlyreceiveone-sixtiethAndifcompaniesonlydonate6percentofanemployee’ssalaryformoneypurchaseschemeswhydotheygive20～30percentfordirectors’schemes TheanswerwhichwillbenosecrettomanytradeUnionistsisthatweliveinaclassdividedsocietyinwhichbigbusinessandtherichcalltheshots. TheChildPovertyActionGrouprevelationthatBritainalsohastheworstregionalsocialinequalityintheindustrialisedworld--secondonlytoMexico--illustrateshowfatuousareclaimsthatthiscountryenjoyssocialjusticeandopportunitiesforall.ThestarkfactsofinequalityBasedonclassgenderageandracethatareoutlinedintheCPAGPovertybookoughttodictateanewgovernmentapproachtotacklingpoverty. InequalityandpovertycannotbetackledbyallowingBigbusinessandtherichtododgetheirresponsibilitiestosocietyandtousetheirpositionsofpowertoseizethelion’sshare. AccordingtotheauthorBritishbusinesses
Directions: Studythefollowingcartooncarefullyandwriteanarticleon"remedial"classesinschools.Inyourarticleyoushouldcoverthefollowingpoints: 1describethepictureinterpretitsmeaningand 2giveyourcomments. Youshouldwrite160～200wordsneatlyonAnswerSheet2.
脾胃湿热的舌象是
AfterashakystarttheMartianflotillathathasarrivedoverthepastfewweeksisgettingdowntobusiness.Twoofthefivecraftinitseemtobeworkingperfectly.TwoarelostAndafifthissickbutundergoingtreatment. ThemostspectacularpicturessofarhavebeenprovidedbyMarsEmpresstheEuropeanSpaceAgency’scontributiontothefleet.OnJanuary28ththisreacheditsfinalworkingorbitwhichtakesitoverbothpolesandthusallowsittoseethewholeofMarsoverthecourseofafewdaysastheplanetrevolvesbeneathit.IthashoweverbeensendingbackdatasinceshortlyafteritarrivedandafewdaysagoitscontrollersreleasedaseriesofbeautifulphotographsincludingastereoimageofVallesMarinerisahugecanyonthatmayhavebeenformedbyflowingwater. ThemostscientificallysignificantresultthoughhascomefromOpportunityAmerica’ssecondMarsrover.OneofOpportunity’scamerashasphotographedevidenceofstratification.innearbyrocks.Suchstratificationindicatesthattherocksconcernedaresedimentary.Thelayerscouldberepeatedwind-blowndepositsorconsistofashfromsuccessivevolcaniceruptions.Buttheterrestrialrockstheymostresembleareonesthathaveformedunderwater. ThereasoneveryoneisgettingsoexcitedisBecausethereisawidespreadassumptionthatanyformoftirewhichmightdwellonMarswouldneedliquidwatertolive--orevenifitcouldnowsubsistbyextractingmoisturefromicewouldhaveneededliquidwatertoevolvetothatstage.Marshasseenmoreprobeslaunchedtowardsitthanalloftheotherplanetsputtogetherpreciselybecauseofthishopethatitmightharbourlife.Sothereisalotridingontheanswer--notleastthefundingoffuturemissions. BesidesitsscientificsignificancethesuccessofOpportunityhasalsohelpedtodistractattentionfromthesuddenrefusalofSpiritthefirstAmericanrovertoarriveonMarstotalktoitscontrollers.Thiscrafthadtentativelybutsuccessfullynoseditswayoffitslandingplatformandwasabouttodrillitswayintoanearbyrockpriortodoingaspotofchemicalanalysiswhenitwentsilent. HowevertheengineersatNASAAmerica’sspaceagencyarenothingifnotresourcefulandtheyhaveagoodrecordofcarryingoutrunningrepairsonspacecraftthataremillionsofkilometresaway.InthecaseofSpirittheythinkthatoneofthecraft’smemorychipshasgotclutteredupwithfilescreatedOnthejourneytoMars.Thatcausedanotherchipwhichmanagesthefirsttothrowawobblyandtokeeprebootingthecomputer.Theyarecurrentlytestingthisideabyloadingadiagnosticprogramontothecomputer.InadditionasaprecautiontheyhavedeletedexcessfilesfromtheequivalentmemorychiponOpportunity. Spirit’sspiritsmaythusrevive.AstothefailurestheJapaneseabandonedtheirfly-bycraftNozomiinDecemberandtheBritishteaminchargeofBeagle2whichispresumedtohavelandedonDecember25thbutfromwhichnosignalhasbeenreceivedalsoseemstohavecalleditquits.Stilla40～60%successratedependingonwhetherSpiritisbroughtbackintocommissionisnotbadbythehistoricalstandardsofmissionstoMars.Nowtherealsciencebegins Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatpeople’senthusiasmforMars
AfterashakystarttheMartianflotillathathasarrivedoverthepastfewweeksisgettingdowntobusiness.Twoofthefivecraftinitseemtobeworkingperfectly.TwoarelostAndafifthissickbutundergoingtreatment. ThemostspectacularpicturessofarhavebeenprovidedbyMarsEmpresstheEuropeanSpaceAgency’scontributiontothefleet.OnJanuary28ththisreacheditsfinalworkingorbitwhichtakesitoverbothpolesandthusallowsittoseethewholeofMarsoverthecourseofafewdaysastheplanetrevolvesbeneathit.IthashoweverbeensendingbackdatasinceshortlyafteritarrivedandafewdaysagoitscontrollersreleasedaseriesofbeautifulphotographsincludingastereoimageofVallesMarinerisahugecanyonthatmayhavebeenformedbyflowingwater. ThemostscientificallysignificantresultthoughhascomefromOpportunityAmerica’ssecondMarsrover.OneofOpportunity’scamerashasphotographedevidenceofstratification.innearbyrocks.Suchstratificationindicatesthattherocksconcernedaresedimentary.Thelayerscouldberepeatedwind-blowndepositsorconsistofashfromsuccessivevolcaniceruptions.Buttheterrestrialrockstheymostresembleareonesthathaveformedunderwater. ThereasoneveryoneisgettingsoexcitedisBecausethereisawidespreadassumptionthatanyformoftirewhichmightdwellonMarswouldneedliquidwatertolive--orevenifitcouldnowsubsistbyextractingmoisturefromicewouldhaveneededliquidwatertoevolvetothatstage.Marshasseenmoreprobeslaunchedtowardsitthanalloftheotherplanetsputtogetherpreciselybecauseofthishopethatitmightharbourlife.Sothereisalotridingontheanswer--notleastthefundingoffuturemissions. BesidesitsscientificsignificancethesuccessofOpportunityhasalsohelpedtodistractattentionfromthesuddenrefusalofSpiritthefirstAmericanrovertoarriveonMarstotalktoitscontrollers.Thiscrafthadtentativelybutsuccessfullynoseditswayoffitslandingplatformandwasabouttodrillitswayintoanearbyrockpriortodoingaspotofchemicalanalysiswhenitwentsilent. HowevertheengineersatNASAAmerica’sspaceagencyarenothingifnotresourcefulandtheyhaveagoodrecordofcarryingoutrunningrepairsonspacecraftthataremillionsofkilometresaway.InthecaseofSpirittheythinkthatoneofthecraft’smemorychipshasgotclutteredupwithfilescreatedOnthejourneytoMars.Thatcausedanotherchipwhichmanagesthefirsttothrowawobblyandtokeeprebootingthecomputer.Theyarecurrentlytestingthisideabyloadingadiagnosticprogramontothecomputer.InadditionasaprecautiontheyhavedeletedexcessfilesfromtheequivalentmemorychiponOpportunity. Spirit’sspiritsmaythusrevive.AstothefailurestheJapaneseabandonedtheirfly-bycraftNozomiinDecemberandtheBritishteaminchargeofBeagle2whichispresumedtohavelandedonDecember25thbutfromwhichnosignalhasbeenreceivedalsoseemstohavecalleditquits.Stilla40～60%successratedependingonwhetherSpiritisbroughtbackintocommissionisnotbadbythehistoricalstandardsofmissionstoMars.Nowtherealsciencebegins Theauthorofthispassageismainlyconcernedwith
Directions: ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonAnswerSheet2. Forthefirsttimeindecadesdoctorshavebegunmakingmajorchangesinthetreatmentoflungcancerbasedonresearchprovingthatchemotherapycansignificantlylengthenlifeformanypatientsforwhomitwaspreviouslythoughttobeuseless. Theshiftincareappliestoabout50000peopleayearintheUnitedStateswhohaveearlycasesofthemostcommonformofthediseasenon-small-celllungcancerandwhosetumorsareremovedbysurgery.46Manyofthesepatientswhojustafewyearsagowouldhavebeentreatedwithsurgeryalonearenowbeinggivenchemotherapyaswelljustasitisroutinelygivenaftersurgeryforbreastorcolon结肠cancer.Thenewapproachhasbrightenedapicturethatwasoftenbleak. "Thebenefitisatleastasgoodandmaybebetterthanintheothercancers"saidDr.JohnMinnaalungcancerexpertandresearchdirectorattheUniversityofTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenterinDallas.Hesaidnewdiscoverieswerehelpingtoeliminatedoctors’"nihilistic"attitudesaboutchemotherapyforlungcancer. "Thestandardofcarehaschanged"saidDr.ChristopherG.AzzolialungcancerspecialistatMemorialSloan-KetteringCancerCenterinNewYork. 47Amajorimpetusforthechangecameayearagowhentwostudiespresentedatacancerconferenceshowedmarkedincreasesinsurvivalinpatientswhoreceivedadjuvant辅助的chemotherapymeaningthedrugsweregivenaftersurgery.Inonestudyof482patientsinCanadaandtheUnitedStatesledbyDr.TimothyWintonasurgeonfromtheUniversityofAlberta69percentofpatientswhohadsurgeryandchemotherapywerestillalivefiveyearslaterascomparedwith54percentwhohadjustsurgery.Thepatientsweregivenacombinationoftwodrugscisplatinandvinorelbineonceaweekfor16weeks. Intheworldoflungcancerresearchasurvivaldifferenceof15percentagepointsisenormous.48Overallthepatientsgivenchemotherapylived94monthsversus73monthsinthosewhohadonlysurgery--alsoahugedifferenceinafieldinwhichatreatmentishailedasasuccessifitgivespatientseventhreeorfourextramonths. AsecondstudyalsoannouncedattheconferencelastyearhadsimilarfindingsandsodidathirdpresentedjustamonthagoattheannualmeetingofthesamecancergrouptheAmericanSocietyofClinicalOncology Atmajormedicalcentersdoctorsquicklybegantoputtheresultsintopractice. 49"Thefindingsweresostunningfromthesestudiesayearagothattheybegantochangethestandardofcare"saidDr.PasiJannealungcancerspecialistatthe-DanaFarberCancerInstituteinBoston."Overthelastyearthenumberofpatientswe’vehadreferredhereforadjuvantchemotherapyhasgoneupsteadily." 50ButsomedoctorshesitatedtomakechangesDr.Wintonsaidwantingfirsttoseethestudiespublishedinamedicaljournalwhichwouldmeanthedatahadstooduptothescrutiny仔细的检查ofeditorsandexpertreviewers. Nowhisstudyhasbecomethefirstofthethreetopassthattest.ItisbeingpublishedtodayinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinealongwithaneditorialbyDr.KatherineM.S.PistersalungcancerspecialistattheM.D.AndersonCancerCenterinHouston. ButsomedoctorshesitatedtomakechangesDr.Wintonsaidwantingfirsttoseethestudiespublishedinamedicaljournalwhichwouldmeanthedatahadstooduptothescrutiny仔细的检查ofeditorsandexpertreviewers.
治疗外感风寒兼气滞胸脘满闷恶心呕逆者宜首选
望色十法中色之微甚可判断下列哪项
Directions: ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonAnswerSheet2. Forthefirsttimeindecadesdoctorshavebegunmakingmajorchangesinthetreatmentoflungcancerbasedonresearchprovingthatchemotherapycansignificantlylengthenlifeformanypatientsforwhomitwaspreviouslythoughttobeuseless. Theshiftincareappliestoabout50000peopleayearintheUnitedStateswhohaveearlycasesofthemostcommonformofthediseasenon-small-celllungcancerandwhosetumorsareremovedbysurgery.46Manyofthesepatientswhojustafewyearsagowouldhavebeentreatedwithsurgeryalonearenowbeinggivenchemotherapyaswelljustasitisroutinelygivenaftersurgeryforbreastorcolon结肠cancer.Thenewapproachhasbrightenedapicturethatwasoftenbleak. "Thebenefitisatleastasgoodandmaybebetterthanintheothercancers"saidDr.JohnMinnaalungcancerexpertandresearchdirectorattheUniversityofTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenterinDallas.Hesaidnewdiscoverieswerehelpingtoeliminatedoctors’"nihilistic"attitudesaboutchemotherapyforlungcancer. "Thestandardofcarehaschanged"saidDr.ChristopherG.AzzolialungcancerspecialistatMemorialSloan-KetteringCancerCenterinNewYork. 47Amajorimpetusforthechangecameayearagowhentwostudiespresentedatacancerconferenceshowedmarkedincreasesinsurvivalinpatientswhoreceivedadjuvant辅助的chemotherapymeaningthedrugsweregivenaftersurgery.Inonestudyof482patientsinCanadaandtheUnitedStatesledbyDr.TimothyWintonasurgeonfromtheUniversityofAlberta69percentofpatientswhohadsurgeryandchemotherapywerestillalivefiveyearslaterascomparedwith54percentwhohadjustsurgery.Thepatientsweregivenacombinationoftwodrugscisplatinandvinorelbineonceaweekfor16weeks. Intheworldoflungcancerresearchasurvivaldifferenceof15percentagepointsisenormous.48Overallthepatientsgivenchemotherapylived94monthsversus73monthsinthosewhohadonlysurgery--alsoahugedifferenceinafieldinwhichatreatmentishailedasasuccessifitgivespatientseventhreeorfourextramonths. AsecondstudyalsoannouncedattheconferencelastyearhadsimilarfindingsandsodidathirdpresentedjustamonthagoattheannualmeetingofthesamecancergrouptheAmericanSocietyofClinicalOncology Atmajormedicalcentersdoctorsquicklybegantoputtheresultsintopractice. 49"Thefindingsweresostunningfromthesestudiesayearagothattheybegantochangethestandardofcare"saidDr.PasiJannealungcancerspecialistatthe-DanaFarberCancerInstituteinBoston."Overthelastyearthenumberofpatientswe’vehadreferredhereforadjuvantchemotherapyhasgoneupsteadily." 50ButsomedoctorshesitatedtomakechangesDr.Wintonsaidwantingfirsttoseethestudiespublishedinamedicaljournalwhichwouldmeanthedatahadstooduptothescrutiny仔细的检查ofeditorsandexpertreviewers. Nowhisstudyhasbecomethefirstofthethreetopassthattest.ItisbeingpublishedtodayinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinealongwithaneditorialbyDr.KatherineM.S.PistersalungcancerspecialistattheM.D.AndersonCancerCenterinHouston. Overallthepatientsgivenchemotherapylived94monthsversus73monthsinthosewhohadonlysurgery--alsoahugedifferenceinafieldinwhichatreatmentishailedasasuccessifitgivespatientseventhreeorfourextramonths.
症见喘促短气言语无力咳声低弱自汗畏风咽喉不利口干面红舌质淡红脉象细弱治法当选
Directions: Youaregoingtoreadatextoftipsoninterviewfollowedbyalistofexplanationsorexamples.Choosethebestexplanation/examplefromthelistA--Fforeachnumberedsubheading41--45.Thereisoneextraexplanation/examplewhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheet1. Attirebodylanguageandmannerscountduringinterviews.Afterallinterviewersareregularpeopleliketherestofuseasilyimpressedbygoodbehaviorandjustaseasilyoffendedbyinappropriatebehavior.Yetsurveysshowthatjobcandidates’interviewmannersandotherprofessionalismsareonthedecline. Onthenextpagesaretipsforactingprofessionallybeforeduringandafterinterviewstoavoidoffendinginterviewersandincreaseyourchancesoflandingajob.Formoreinterviewtipsandotherjob-searchinghelpclickonthelinksinthesidebarunderRelatedResources.TheseinterviewtipsarebasedongoodmannersintheUnitedStates.Goodmannersareappreciatedeverywherebutwhatconstitutesthenmaydifferamongothercountries. 41.Doyourhomework: Researchthecompanyandstudythejobdescriptionbeforeyouinterviewasyourinterviewerwilllikelyaskwhatyouknowaboutthecompanyandwhyyouwantthejob. 42.Getyourpersonalpapersready: Collectandneatlyarrangeyourimportantpapersandworksamplesinanicebriefcaseorportfolio. Dressappropriately: Practicegoodhygienecomborbrushyourhairanddressappropriately.Evenifyouknowthatthecompanydressisbusiness-casualdressupanyway.Itshowsprofessionalismandrespectandmostimportantlythatyouknowhowtodressforinterviews. 43.Bepunctual: Unlessotherwiseinstructede.g.tofilloutajobapplicationarrivefivetotenminutesearlyfortheinterview; Sitwithgoodpasture: Ifyoudon’tknowwhattodowithyourhandskeepthemfoldedinyourlap.Thisisanotherindicationofgoodmanners.Avoidcrossingyourarmsoveryourchestyasitsubliminallydemonstratesaclosedmindtosome. 44.Readthemood: 45.Maintaineyecontact: Maintaineyecontactwiththeinterviewer. It’sokaytoaskquestionstobetteranswerthequestionstheinterviewerasksyou.Butwithholdthebulkofyourquestionsuntiltheinterviewerasksifyouhaveanywhichistypicallytowardtheendoftheinterview.Avoidaskingthefrivolousjustbecauseinterviewersexpectyoutohavequestions.Insteadaskaboutimportantmatterssuchasjobdutiesmanagementstyleandthefinancialhealthofthecompany.It’snotagoodideatoaskquestionsaboutvacationsickdayslunchbreaksandsoonrightoffthebat.Askaboutthelessermattersofimportanceduringfollow-upinterviews. Typicallyyou’llnegotiatesalarybenefitsperksandsuchinafollow-upinterview.Regardlessdon’tbringitupuntilaskedyetbereadytodiscussitatanytime. A.Thismakesyoulookorganizedandprofessional.Remembertopackrelevantdocumentssuchasextraresumesandreferencelistsimmigrantwork-authorizationpaperslettersofrecommendationandinformationrequiredonjobapplications.Bringatleastonepenandpencilandanotepadtoo. B.Iftheinterviewerisformalthenyouprobablyshouldbetoo.Iftheintervieweriscasualthenfollowalongwhileremainingcourteousandprofessional.Ineithercasetrytoappeartoberelaxedbutnottoorelaxed.It’snotagoodideatoputyourfeetupontheinterviewer’sdesk! C.Avoidstaringoryoumightmaketheintervieweruncomfortablebutdon’tlookawaytooofteneither.Tosomefailuretomaintainacomfortablelevelofeyecontactindicatesthatyouarelyingreachingforanswersorlackingconfidence. D.Italsohelpsyoutoformulatequestionsaboutthecompanyandjob.Interviewerstypicallyexpectyoutoasksuchquestions. E.Ifit’spossiblewithoutmakingacommotionscootyourchairalittleclosertotheinterviewer’sdeskortakethechairclosettothedesklikeyou’rereadytodiverightin.Thisshowsinterestandconfidence.Butdon’tinvadetheinterviewer’spersonalspaceaperimeterofabouttwofeetbyU.8.standards. F.Thisshowsthatyouareeagerandpunctual.Ifyou’renotatleastfiveminutesearlyforaninterviewyou’refiveminuteslate!Butdon’tarrivemorethantenminutesearlyaaitmightbeinconvenientforyourinterviewers.Definitelydon’tbelate! 42
Britain’sbosseswouldhaveyoubelievethatbusinessinBritainisgroaningunderredtapeandpunitivetaxlevelsinhibitingenterpriseandputtingBritishfirmsatadisadvantagecomparedwithoverseascompetitors. AsusualrealitypaintsafardifferentpicturefromthetawdryimagescrawledbytheCBIandToryfrontbenchers.NotonlydoBritishbusinessespaylowerlevelsofcorporationtaxthantheircounterpartsabroadbuttheybenefitfromthemostsavagelegalhamstringingoftradeunionism. ButboardroomfatcatsinBritainhaveonefurtheradvantageovertheircompetitorswhichistheirtotalinabilitytofeelanysenseofshame. Therelativelypoorperformancesincethe1990sofpensioninvestmentfundsoverseenbythetopcompaniesthemselveshasbroughtaboutawide-rangingcullofoccupationalpensionschemes.Finalsalaryschemeshavebeenaxedinfavourofmoneypurchaseorhavebeenbarredtonewemployeesandinmanycompaniesstaffhavebeentoldthattheywillhavetoincreasepensionsfundpaymentstoensurepreviouslyguaranteedbenefits. Atatimewhenthegovernmenthasbeendeliberatelyrunningdownthevalueofthestateretirementpensionanddrivingpensionerstowardsmeans-testedbenefitstheincreasinglyshakynatureofoccupationalschemeshasbroughtabouthigherlevelsofinsecurityamongworkingpeople. Howeverit’snotalldoomandgloom.Thereisasilverlining. Unfortunatelythatsilverliningdoesn’tshinetoobrightlyoutsidethecorridorsofcorporatepowerwheredirectorsaredoingwhattheyarebestat--lookingafternumberone.Bossesarenotonlyslurpinguphugesalarieseach-waybonusesandgoldenparachutes.TheyhavealsoasTUCgeneralsecretaryBrendanBarbersaysgot"theirsnoutsinapensionstrough." Ifhavingcontributionsworthone-thirtiethoftheirsalaryeachyearpaidintoapensionschemeisgoodenoughfordirectorswhydomostworkersonlyreceiveone-sixtiethAndifcompaniesonlydonate6percentofanemployee’ssalaryformoneypurchaseschemeswhydotheygive20～30percentfordirectors’schemes TheanswerwhichwillbenosecrettomanytradeUnionistsisthatweliveinaclassdividedsocietyinwhichbigbusinessandtherichcalltheshots. TheChildPovertyActionGrouprevelationthatBritainalsohastheworstregionalsocialinequalityintheindustrialisedworld--secondonlytoMexico--illustrateshowfatuousareclaimsthatthiscountryenjoyssocialjusticeandopportunitiesforall.ThestarkfactsofinequalityBasedonclassgenderageandracethatareoutlinedintheCPAGPovertybookoughttodictateanewgovernmentapproachtotacklingpoverty. InequalityandpovertycannotbetackledbyallowingBigbusinessandtherichtododgetheirresponsibilitiestosocietyandtousetheirpositionsofpowertoseizethelion’sshare. Theauthorseemstoimplythat
痰浊蒙蔽心包神志改变的特征是
取神门内关心俞巨阙配膻中气海治疗心悸怔忡属
禹功散主治
天花粉的药用部分是
灵枢·经脉说何经气不足则身以前皆寒栗
取四神聪神门三阴交配内关丰隆治疗不寐证的
AfterashakystarttheMartianflotillathathasarrivedoverthepastfewweeksisgettingdowntobusiness.Twoofthefivecraftinitseemtobeworkingperfectly.TwoarelostAndafifthissickbutundergoingtreatment. ThemostspectacularpicturessofarhavebeenprovidedbyMarsEmpresstheEuropeanSpaceAgency’scontributiontothefleet.OnJanuary28ththisreacheditsfinalworkingorbitwhichtakesitoverbothpolesandthusallowsittoseethewholeofMarsoverthecourseofafewdaysastheplanetrevolvesbeneathit.IthashoweverbeensendingbackdatasinceshortlyafteritarrivedandafewdaysagoitscontrollersreleasedaseriesofbeautifulphotographsincludingastereoimageofVallesMarinerisahugecanyonthatmayhavebeenformedbyflowingwater. ThemostscientificallysignificantresultthoughhascomefromOpportunityAmerica’ssecondMarsrover.OneofOpportunity’scamerashasphotographedevidenceofstratification.innearbyrocks.Suchstratificationindicatesthattherocksconcernedaresedimentary.Thelayerscouldberepeatedwind-blowndepositsorconsistofashfromsuccessivevolcaniceruptions.Buttheterrestrialrockstheymostresembleareonesthathaveformedunderwater. ThereasoneveryoneisgettingsoexcitedisBecausethereisawidespreadassumptionthatanyformoftirewhichmightdwellonMarswouldneedliquidwatertolive--orevenifitcouldnowsubsistbyextractingmoisturefromicewouldhaveneededliquidwatertoevolvetothatstage.Marshasseenmoreprobeslaunchedtowardsitthanalloftheotherplanetsputtogetherpreciselybecauseofthishopethatitmightharbourlife.Sothereisalotridingontheanswer--notleastthefundingoffuturemissions. BesidesitsscientificsignificancethesuccessofOpportunityhasalsohelpedtodistractattentionfromthesuddenrefusalofSpiritthefirstAmericanrovertoarriveonMarstotalktoitscontrollers.Thiscrafthadtentativelybutsuccessfullynoseditswayoffitslandingplatformandwasabouttodrillitswayintoanearbyrockpriortodoingaspotofchemicalanalysiswhenitwentsilent. HowevertheengineersatNASAAmerica’sspaceagencyarenothingifnotresourcefulandtheyhaveagoodrecordofcarryingoutrunningrepairsonspacecraftthataremillionsofkilometresaway.InthecaseofSpirittheythinkthatoneofthecraft’smemorychipshasgotclutteredupwithfilescreatedOnthejourneytoMars.Thatcausedanotherchipwhichmanagesthefirsttothrowawobblyandtokeeprebootingthecomputer.Theyarecurrentlytestingthisideabyloadingadiagnosticprogramontothecomputer.InadditionasaprecautiontheyhavedeletedexcessfilesfromtheequivalentmemorychiponOpportunity. Spirit’sspiritsmaythusrevive.AstothefailurestheJapaneseabandonedtheirfly-bycraftNozomiinDecemberandtheBritishteaminchargeofBeagle2whichispresumedtohavelandedonDecember25thbutfromwhichnosignalhasbeenreceivedalsoseemstohavecalleditquits.Stilla40～60%successratedependingonwhetherSpiritisbroughtbackintocommissionisnotbadbythehistoricalstandardsofmissionstoMars.Nowtherealsciencebegins MarsExpressismentionedbecause
既能发表解肌又能升阳止泻的药物是
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